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1
Renteria, Rose. "Cultural Values and Practice When Serving Children, Youth, and Families." Journal of Child and Youth Care Work 25 (November 17, 2020): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jcycw.2015.77.
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Three case studies will be shared in this paper in the context of organizational values and practices implemented at the PHILLIPS Programs for Children and Families, located in Annandale, VA. The youth voices integrated in the case studies provide reasons for participating in special education and family strengthening programs. An overview of services and support received is given. Key challenges, successes, and emerging outcomes are considered. This study provides information on how to make organizational and cultural values come to life and how to recognize the positive youth development practices in special education and family strengthening services. This study also includes information on those working with crossover youth in special education day schools and family strengthening programs.
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De La Sablonnière-Griffin, Mireille, Delphine Collin-Vézina, Tonino Esposito, and Jacinthe Dion. "A Longitudinal Study to Better Understand Child Protection Intervention for First Nations Children." First Peoples Child & Family Review 18, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1109657ar.
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This study brings forward new evidence regarding child protection (CP) intervention for First Nations children and contributes to a longitudinal understanding of their trajectories within CP services. It raises questions regarding the persisting, unmet needs of First Nations children, families, and communities by identifying the CP factors associated with a first decision to provide post-investigation intervention and a first decision to close a case following post-investigation intervention among First Nations children. Anonymized administrative data (2002–2014; n = 1340) were used to conduct multivariate analyses, including longitudinal analyses using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Among First Nations children, those who were very young, who were reported for serious risk of neglect, and whose situation included indicators of repeated individual or family contact with CP services were more likely to receive post-investigation intervention. Similarly, those who were very young, provided services for neglect or serious risk of neglect, and whose situation was investigated at least twice before intervention was provided were more likely to have a longer first episode of intervention. The longitudinal analyses also revealed that more than one in two First Nations children (51.7%) receiving post-investigation intervention experienced a placement in out-of-home care during their interaction with CP services. This study contributes to a better understanding of intervention for First Nations children in Canada. It highlights how First Nations children receiving CP intervention live in situations in which their needs persist over time and how current services do not appear able to respond to these situations adequately, supporting the move towards autonomous, Indigenous–led CP services.
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Warshaw, Janice Smith, Peter Crume, and Hilda Pinzon-Perez. "Impact of Service-Learning on Hispanic College Students: Building Multi-cultural Competence." International Journal of Multicultural Education 22, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v22i3.2413.
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This article explores the experiences of Spanish-speaking heritage language university students in a sign language interpreting program who were enrolled in service-learning classes. In the service-learning classes, the students partnered with a community service-agency for the deaf that provided intervention services to Spanish-speaking families with deaf children. The findings indicate that the students developed a deeper awareness of their own multicultural and multilingual identity. Moreover, the students gained authentic experiences in brokering linguistic and cultural differences between the American deaf and Hispanic communities in an effort to enhance intervention services for the deaf Hispanic children.
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Premo, Terri L., and Peter C. Holloran. "Boston's Wayward Children: Social Services for Homeless Children, 1830-1930." Journal of the Early Republic 10, no. 3 (1990): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3123421.
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Ball, Jessica, and Annika Benoit-Jansson. "Promoting Cultural Connectedness Through Indigenous-led Child and Family Services: A Critical Review with a Focus on Canada." First Peoples Child & Family Review 18, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 34–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1109654ar.
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There is consensus that quality services to Indigenous children and families involve the transmission, preservation, and promotion of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultural connections and must be delivered within specific First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultural frameworks led by Indigenous people. This view is expressed across research and service reports, in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s 2015 Report and Calls to Action, and in the Government of Canada’s newly enacted An Act Respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families (2019). This article reviews support for this viewpoint, drawing from primarily Indigenous scholarship and illustrated with reference to Indigenous-led services across Canada.
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Díaz-Fernández, Antonio-M., and Cristina del-Real-Castrillo. "Spies and security: Assessing the impact of animated videos on intelligence services in school children." Comunicar 26, no. 56 (July 1, 2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c56-2018-08.
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Making the work of security organizations known to school children is a means of mitigating feelings of insecurity provoked by the diffusion of information on terrorist attacks in communications media and through social media. Whilst there is a longer tradition of projects to educate school children on the police and the armed forces, no comparable projects have been found on the intelligence services. With the objective of filling this gap, the authors designed and produced two animated educational videos for Spanish school children on the Spanish intelligence service: The National Intelligence Center (CNI). In this paper, the impact of the videos is measured in relation to the knowledge, the stereotypes, and the attitudes of school children towards the CNI. To do so, two questionnaires were administered to 1,092 school children aged 8 and 12, before and after viewing the videos. The results of the questionnaire prior to screening the videos showed that the school children held no knowledge of the intelligence services, and expressed highly developed stereotypes, and moderately negative attitudes towards them. Student-t tests for related samples were used to confirm the responses, on the basis of which it was found that the videos modified both knowledge and stereotyping, as well as attitudes towards the CNI. Specifically, following the screenings the knowledge of the school children improved, stereotyping diminished, and positive attitudes increased. Dar a conocer a los escolares las organizaciones de seguridad es un medio para reducir la inseguridad generada por la difusión de los atentados terroristas en los medios de comunicación y redes sociales. Mientras que hay una mayor tradición en proyectos para educar a los escolares sobre la policía y los militares, no se han encontrado proyectos análogos sobre los servicios de inteligencia. Con el objetivo de suplir esta carencia, los autores diseñaron y produjeron dos vídeos animados educativos destinados a escolares españoles sobre el servicio de inteligencia español, el Centro Nacional de Inteligencia (CNI). Este artículo mide cuál es el impacto de los vídeos en el conocimiento, los estereotipos y las actitudes de los escolares hacia el CNI. Para ello, se aplicaron dos cuestionarios a 1.092 escolares de 8 a 16 años, antes y después de la visualización de los vídeos. Los resultados previos a la visualización mostraron un conocimiento nulo, alto grado de estereotipos y actitudes moderadamente negativas hacia los servicios de inteligencia. Se comprobaron las respuestas mediante pruebas T para muestras relacionadas, a partir de las cuales se obtuvo que los vídeos modificaban el conocimiento, los estereotipos y las actitudes hacia el CNI. Específicamente, tras la visualización mejoró el conocimiento de los escolares, disminuyó el grado de estereotipos y aumentaron las actitudes positivas.
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Findlay, James. "Boston's Wayward Children: Social Services for Children, 1830–1930. By Peter C. Holloran. Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1989. 330 pp. $49.50." Church History 63, no. 3 (September 1994): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3167614.
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Cruz, Silvia Helena Vieira, and Sandra Maria de Oliveira Schramm. "LISTENING TO THE CHILDREN IN RESEARCH AND QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION." Cadernos de Pesquisa 49, no. 174 (December 2019): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/198053146035.
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Abstract Based on the image that Childhood Pedagogy has been creating of children as rich, competent, diverse, and with rights, the article highlights their perspective on themes related to their educational experiences. Based on research studies done in Brazil, published between 2008 and 2018, which heard children, this paper presents voices expressing opinions, wishes, complaints, and fears about subjects such as discipline, play, ethnic-racial relations, and the transition to elementary school. These voices express the competence of children to evaluate the educational services meant for them and often reveal violations of rights that are guaranteed in official documents. These voices need to be heard and considered to build the quality of early childhood education.
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Colón, Ingrid, Marlon James, Mahjabin Chowdhury, Amy Rector-Aranda, and Miguel Burgess Monroy. "In Search of Confianza: A Qualitative Analysis of Salvadoran Parents’ Experiences in U.S. Urban Schools." International Journal of Multicultural Education 22, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v22i1.1708.
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This qualitative study of six recently arrived parents from El Salvador who have been in the U.S. for no longer than a year explores their experiences in U.S. schools and offers recommendations for actualizing an ethos of humanitarianism in schools. In particular, the study addresses the perspectives of recently arrived Salvadoran parents about their children’s education and how can schools effectively collaborate with parents to support the emotional, social, cultural, and educational needs of their children. The study drew on testimonios to learn about Salvadoran parents’ perspectives about their children’s education to improve the services their children need in schools.
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Slobodin, Ortal, and Rafik Masalha. "Challenges in ADHD care for ethnic minority children: A review of the current literature." Transcultural Psychiatry 57, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 468–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461520902885.
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While attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been extensively studied in the past decades, the role of social and cultural practices in its assessment, diagnosis, and treatment has been often overlooked. This selective review provides an overview of research that explores social and cultural influences on help-seeking behavior in ethnic minority children with ADHD. Studies were selected that address cultural diversity in three areas of ADHD help-seeking: problem recognition, access to mental health services, and treatment. Special attention was given to studies of treatment selection and adherence in minority groups. Findings suggested that cultural disparities in ADHD care among ethnic minority children occur in the early stages of problem recognition, through service selection, and in the quality of treatment. Ethnic minority children were less likely than their nonminority counterparts to be diagnosed with ADHD and its comorbid conditions and less likely to be prescribed and adhere to stimulant drug treatment. These differences reflect cultural diversity in norms and attitudes towards mental health issues (e.g., fear of social stigma) as well as limited access to qualified health care. Paradoxically, cultural, racial, and language bias may also lead to the overidentification of ethnic minority children as disabled and to higher ratings of ADHD symptoms. This review highlights the importance of sociocultural factors in understanding developmental psychopathology and help-seeking behavior. In addition, it further supports calls for increasing cultural competence in communications during clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment in minority communities. Clinical, theoretical, and methodological considerations for future research are discussed.
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Raniah A, Ba-Akdah, Nooh Ayman, Alsairafi Mawadda A, Eid Maha, Baharoon Maysa, Alshaaby Nouf, Althbiti Huda, et al. "A Cross-Sectional Study on the Oral Health of the Infants and Toddlers at the National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Dentistry and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 4, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2643-6612/017.
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Background: The high prevalence of dental caries among preschool children had been reported in literature. However, studies on dental caries and related problems among infants and toddlers in Saudi Arabia are lacking. Aim: This study assessed the oral health status of the infants and toddlers in the Iskan Primary Health Care (PHC) Center for the National Guard in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Settings and Design: The assessment included 151 children between the ages of 5 to 36 months during 2015 to 2016. Materials and Methods: The caregivers were provided with a structured questionnaire. Oral examinations on the children were based on the WHO’s assessment form and criteria. Statistical Analysis: Frequency, mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis were used for the risk assessment of the caries. Results: Dental caries was reported in 9% of the children in the Center, and 95.5% of them were categorized as severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). More than half of the children were bottle-fed. About 70% of the caregivers never cleaned their children’s mouth. The caries among the children was highly associated with bottle-feeding during their sleep. Conclusions: Nocturnal bottle-feeding, failure to clean the children’s mouths, and the use of cleaning materials other than toothpaste were identified as the risk factors that promoted the development of caries among the children. With these findings, we recommend that the mothers and the medical professionals should be trained on necessary oral health practices. Early preventive dental health services within the National Guard health services should be initiated.
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Infantino, Agnese. "DEFINING A 0-6 YEARS FRAMEWORK." Cadernos de Pesquisa 49, no. 174 (December 2019): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/198053146092.
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Abstract The new Italian legislative perspective on early childhood education and preschool services - as laid down in Law 107/2015 and Decree 65/2017 - provides for an “Integrated education and schooling system from birth to six years”, thereby introducing key changes to the existing system from both the organization/management and cultural/pedagogical points of view. The definition of educational continuity, professional development of educators and teachers, local coordination of services, and setting up of childhood service hubs [“Poli dell’infanzia”] are all new themes that need to be explored and translated into concrete reality on the ground. The new regulatory framework paves the way for a new wave of experimentation and innovation, but at the same time raises critical issues for early years education and preschool services, which if unaddressed, may impede the effective creation of novel and higher quality educational opportunities for children.
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Figge, Caleb J., Cecilia Martinez-Torteya, Sophie Dixon, Steven Santoro, Sopheap Taing, Sotheara Chhim, and Devon E. Hinton. "Adaptive Functioning Behaviors for Trauma-Affected Children in the Cambodian Context." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 51, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 831–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022120966786.
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Across contexts, the roles and responsibilities for children are shaped by a range of sociocultural factors; thus, a contextually specific exploration of adaptive functioning norms is important in optimizing the acceptability, effectiveness, and sustainability of mental health intervention and community programming. The current study aimed to examine child adaptive functioning behaviors for children in Cambodia, a country faced with continuing recovery efforts from war and genocide, intergenerational trauma transmission, poverty, and minimal access to health and mental health services. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 children (ages 10–13, 16 girls) and 30 caregivers (ages 30–62, 24 females) in the Battambang province of Cambodia receiving mental health services related to caregiver intimate partner violence. Results reveal trauma-affected children in Cambodia engage in a range of familial, occupational, social, religious, and academic functioning domains. Children in this sample reported behaviors that reflect policy and community level priorities of development of children as a societal and economic resource, distress management strategies of self and others informed by mental health therapy and local healing strategies, and engagement in religio-cultural Khmer Buddhist practices and ceremonies. Findings highlight the importance of contextually specific conceptualizations of functional impairment in guiding assessment and community program design and identifying areas for monitoring intervention effectiveness.
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Junida, Dwi Surti, and Inayatul Mutmainnah. "CHALLENGES IN CARE OF CHILDREN IN CORRUPTION CASES: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS." Multifinance 1, no. 3 (March 28, 2024): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.61397/mfc.v1i3.114.
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Studies regarding the care of prisoners' children always involve the psychological problems that arise. So far, the existing findings do not examine the socio-economic perspective in the practice of caring for the children of prisoners. This research is important to do to find out how the family is able to organize itself. For support parenting children, what about stigma and discrimination to family prisoner influence methods they educate children their relationships with neighbors and community around impact on his upbringing and what his condition is like social economy influence parenting child prisoner? This research uses qualitative methods with in-depth interviews and participant observation, using case studies on families of corruption case inmates at Class 1 Correctional Institutions (Lapas) in Makassar City. Using an ethnographic approach with case studies through descriptive analysis of social structure, family structure, social support, and the impact of socio-economic conditions of prisoners on child care in terms of finances, education, employment, and economic support, which influence the ability of prisoner parents to provide adequate attention and care, worthy of their children. Researchers found that socioeconomic conditions play an important role in the upbringing of prisoners' children. Challenges in access to education and health services, economic limitations in providing care, and the impact of social stigma are important aspects that need to be considered in helping prisoners' families provide quality care for their children. By understanding the impact of these social and economic factors, it is hoped that this research can provide deeper insight and support in designing appropriate interventions to improve the quality of care for prisoners' children in families with limited socio-economic conditions.
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Pang, Yanhui. "Services for young children with disabilities in China’s rural area: a case study." Journal for Multicultural Education 35, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-05-2019-0042.
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Purpose Recently with increased legislative support and evidence-based studies on the importance of education for children with disabilities in China, special education programs and intervention and rehabilitation services have received more and more attention. There are limited studies on special education programs for children with disabilities located in China’s rural areas. This paper aims to select one special education program in China’s northeast rural area with a special focus on its curriculum design, accommodative services and teacher qualifications. Recommendations were provided on how to modify the curriculum to meet each child’s special needs, increase social interaction among children, increase teacher qualifications and improve teacher family collaboration. Design/methodology/approach The participating program serves orphans and children with disabilities between 6 and 18 years old and provides them 9-year free education, along with free textbooks, uniforms, food and boarding. Currently, there are approximately 100 students and 40 teachers, one director and one nurse. The teacher/staff and student ratio is 1:3. Data were collected through classroom observation and interviews. Afterward, the interview data were transcribed. Data were analyzed following Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step approach. The researcher reviewed the collected data, then coded the data and reviewed, refined and revised the codes, and finally themes and sub-themes were identified with quotations that support each theme/sub-theme. Findings The identified themes are accommodations, education plan and curriculum and teacher qualifications. Accommodations include, but are not limited to, visual and hearing aids. National unity textbooks were adopted, along with national syllabus objectives, as a guideline for instruction and evaluation of child progress. Teachers also adjust curriculum-based students’ individual needs. All teachers hold an associate degree in special education, and those who teach specials hold a higher degree in the specialty area. Given that there is no speech language pathologist, physical therapist, or occupational therapist, teachers with rich working experiences in the related field serve as special professionals. Research limitations/implications The current research reports the program design, accommodations for children with disabilities, curriculum and syllabus, parent/guardian role and teacher qualifications in the selected school. Given that the current study focuses on only one school located in the rural area of China’s northeast, it may represent special education programs in rural China, but it is hard to be generalized to provide a big picture of China’s special education programs in more developed, metropolitan areas. Practical implications The selected school offers accommodative services to students with disabilities; adjusts its curriculum to make it developmentally appropriate; and offers educational, medical and rehabilitation services to promote student development to the maximum. The selected school should improve teacher quality, increase social interaction between children with and without disabilities, modify the curriculum to cater to individuals with different severities of disabilities and increase family professional collaboration. Originality/value There is limited study on special education programs for young children with disabilities in China’s rural area. The current study fills this gap and studies a special education school that offers services to children as young as six years old located in a small town in the northeast of China. The special focus of the study includes program curriculum, accommodations, rehabilitation and intervention services and teacher qualifications in this program.
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Chettiar, Teri. "“More than a Contract”: The Emergence of a State-Supported Marriage Welfare Service and the Politics of Emotional Life in Post-1945 Britain." Journal of British Studies 55, no. 3 (June 10, 2016): 566–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2016.55.
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AbstractThis article examines the seminal contributions of Britain's marriage counseling and therapy services toward cultivating a new emotional purpose for marriage in the decades following World War II. It presents two related narrative threads. First, it argues that psychologically oriented relationship services attracted government support because they supported the postwar ideal of a classless democratic society. Pioneering practitioners promoted a universalized view of citizens’ emotional relationships—rather than their socio-economic circumstances—as the determining fact of their lives. Second, it argues that these services provided a compelling language and set of concepts for articulating transforming understandings and expectations of marriage in the decades after 1945. To this end, the article reveals how the language and concepts of marriage therapists were mobilized by divorce reformers in the 1960s, and helped replace the offense model for divorce petitions with a less punitive psychological model of relationship “breakdown” in 1969. Britain's postwar marriage welfare services endowed stable harmonious families with crucial social and political importance as the bedrock for postwar social reconstruction and the most fitting environment for children and adults alike to develop into fully mature and self-realized democratic citizens.
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Kusuma, Prima Daniyati. "Optimalisasi Penggunaan Masker pada Penerapan Pembelajaran Hibrid di Sekolah Luar Biasa." Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) 4, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jak.v4i2.319.
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Covid-19 cases in children are a matter of concern. Children are one of the most vulnerable groups to be infected with Covid-19. Children with special needs with comorbidities, have a higher risk when they are exposed to Covid-19. The high mortality rate of Covid-19 in children in Indonesia can be caused because the child has a history of comorbidities and then contracted Covid-19. In addition, services for handling pediatric patients in a number of health facilities are still not optimal. A number of schools in various regions in Indonesia have started to organize limited face-to-face learning, namely using hybrid learning methods. Responding to this, the school must prepare and ensure the creation of a safe learning environment for children when they have to come to school, one way is by using masks properly and correctly. This community service activity was carried out at the SLB N Pembina Yogyakarta. The service method uses lecture, discussion and demonstration methods. The results achieved are the implementation of health counseling activities, the manufacture of pocket book media, and an increase in students' knowledge about how to use masks properly and correctly.
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Golinowska, Stanisława. "ON THE POSSIBILITIES AND CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE DEINSTITIONALIZATION OF CARE SERVICES." Polityka Społeczna 25T, no. 2 (tematyczny) (December 31, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1740.
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This article is intended to provide an insight into the first steps in the process of deinstitutionalisation of social services for dependent people in Poland, who have so far lived in traditional residential institutions. This was based on participation in a qualitative study by IPiSS as part of a pilot on the implementation of mechanisms and plans for deinstitutionalisation of social services. The main aim of the article is to formulate conclusions with reference to similar deinstitutionalisation processes in other, mainly European, countries on the basis of evaluation studies. This is a selective review, for two reasons. It deals only with the four groups of dependants with the highest levels of formal residential care: (a) children, (b) people with disabilities, (c) people with mental disorders and (d) the elderly. It also focuses particularly on the economic and management determinants of the actions taken that make them effective.The findings of this review highlight that successful denationalisation tends to be a costly process and involves people with greater capacity to live independently outside the institution. Moreover, when it is done in those local conditions where access to resources is easier: infrastructure, housing, financial and human resources, and local authorities have an adequate and long-term plan of action and a coordinating institution. All in all, deinstitutionalisation is a process of re-institutionalisation; existing care institutions are transformed, but only a certain proportion of residents take up independent living in their environment.
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Thomas, Susan, Natalie Allan, Paula Taylor, Carla McGrady, Kasia Bolsewicz, Fakhrul Islam, Patrick Cashman, David Durrheim, and Amy Creighton. "Combining First Nations Research Methods with a World Health Organization Guide to Understand Low Childhood Immunisation Coverage in Children in Tamworth, Australia." International Indigenous Policy Journal 12, no. 2 (July 20, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2021.12.2.10959.
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In Australia, we used the World Health Organization’s Tailoring Immunization Programmes to identify areas of low immunisation coverage in First Nations children. The qualitative study was led by First Nations researchers using a strength-based approach. In 2019, Tamworth had 179 (23%) children who were overdue for immunisations. Yarning sessions were conducted with 50 parents and health providers. Themes that emerged from this research included: (a) Cultural safety in immunisation services provides a supportive place for families, (b) Service access could be improved by removing physical and cost barriers, (c) Positive stories promote immunisation confidence among parents, (d) Immunisation data can be used to increase coverage rates for First Nations children. Knowledge of these factors and their impact on families helps ensure services are flexible and culturally safe.
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Williams, Robyn, and Dorothy E. Badry. "Aboriginal Kinship Carers and Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Western Australia: Advancing Knowledge from an Indigenous and Disability Lens." First Peoples Child & Family Review 18, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1109655ar.
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Children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have limited access to assessment, diagnostic, and treatment resources – a distinct disadvantage in meeting their care needs in Australia. Limited knowledge exists on the intersection of FASD, Indigeneity, racism, trauma, and child welfare involvement. Notably, the lack of support for children with FASD increases the risk of adverse outcomes, including incarceration, homelessness, mental health problems, and early mortality. Children with FASD are often cared for in the child protection system by kinship carers, many without a diagnosis or the benefits of FASD informed care. Rarely considered is the Australian response to FASD or the Aboriginal worldview on disability. Qualitative research was utilized to conduct semi-structured interviews with six carers of Indigenous children with FASD–three foster carers and three relative or kinship carers. Seven core themes identified by carers included: FASD awareness, caregiver health, advocacy for the child, mothers of the children with FASD, loss and grief experienced by the carer, social costs, and children in child protection care. Carers identified that limited resources existed to address the disabilities and care needs of children, including training and respite. Financial disparity exists with relative carers receiving less income than foster carers. Carers demonstrated advocacy, resiliency, and resourcefulness in providing care. A lack of knowledge of FASD and core resources in child welfare services were identified as major challenges in providing care. This research examined the caregiving experiences of foster and Aboriginal kinship carers, caring for children with FASD in child protection.
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Ward, Caleb, Jonathan Gougelet, Ryan Pearman, Gia Badolato, and Joelle Simpson. "Caregiver Perceptions Regarding Alternative Emergency Medical Services Dispositions for Children: A Cross-Sectional Survey Analysis." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 23, no. 4 (July 2, 2022): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2022.5.55470.
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Introduction: Emergency medical services (EMS) systems have developed alternative disposition processes for patients (including leaving the patient at the scene, using taxis, and transporting to clinics) vs taking patients directly to an emergency department (ED). Studies show that patients favorably support these alternative options but have not included the perspectives of caregivers of children. Our objective was to describe caregivers’ views about these alternative disposition processes and analyze whether caregiver support is associated with sociodemographic factors. Methods: We surveyed a convenience sample of caregivers in a pediatric ED. We asked caregivers 15 questions based on a previously validated survey. We then conducted logistic regressions to determine whether sociodemographic factors were associated with levels of support. Results: We enrolled 241 caregivers. The median age of their children was five years. The majority of respondents were non-Hispanic Black (57%) and had public insurance (65%). We found that a majority of respondents supported all alternative EMS disposition options. The overall level of agreement for survey questions ranged from 51-93%. We grouped questions by theme: non-transport; alternative destinations; communication with EMS physician; communication with primary care physician and sharing records; restricted EMS role; and shared decision-making. Regression analyses for each theme found that race/ethnicity, public insurance, and patient age were not significantly associated with the level of support. Conclusion: Most caregivers were supportive of alternative EMS disposition options for children with low-acuity complaints. Support did not vary significantly by respondent race/ethnicity, public insurance status, or patient age.
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Steemers, Jeanette. "International perspectives on the funding of public service media content for children." Media International Australia 163, no. 1 (March 10, 2017): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x17693934.
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Funding original children’s television has never been easy because this is rarely a commercially attractive proposition unless you target a global audience and tap into ancillary revenues from licenced merchandise. As a case of market failure, policy makers who wish to ensure the production of a diverse range of quality content for children have therefore pursued a range of interventions to ensure sustainable levels of local content in the face of strong competition from US-owned media services. The aim of this article is to evaluate different funding options for public service children’s content in a more challenging and competitive multiplatform media environment in countries with a strong tradition of public service content for children. Focussing on interventions that go beyond public service broadcasting (PSB) (quotas, alternative funds), it assesses the extent to which these interventions reflect a future-oriented approach, or one that is mired in the status quo and vested interests.
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Wulansari, Arnati, and Dini Junita. "Edukasi Gizi mengenai Pencegahan Malnutrisi pada Ibu Balita Gizi Kurang." Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) 5, no. 3 (November 27, 2023): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jak.v5i3.582.
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The problem of malnutrition in children underfive is still major nutritional problem that needs attention. Nutritional problems are directly caused by inadequate intake and high infectious disease. This is related to environmental sanitation and inadequate health services, impaired access to food, inadequate maternal care and the lack of knowledge of mothers about how to give good food to children of weaning age. For this reason, counseling activities are needed as an effort to increase the knowledge of mothers of children under five related to malnutrition. The method of implementing community service activities is in the form of counseling and evaluation of pre and post tests. Monitoring is carried out by identifying indicators of success in aspects of attendance, reflection, and feedback from participants. After education, there was an increase in knowledge from the post test evaluation results with a good knowledge category of 100%. It was concluded that this activity could increase the knowledge of mothers under five regarding the prevention and control of malnutrition. The program can be continuous with the cooperation of health workers at the Pamenang Health Center
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O'Leary, Donna. "Who gets child protection and welfare services and why?" Boolean 2022 VI, no. 1 (December 6, 2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2022.1.3.
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When children are reported to Tusla Child and Family Agency, social workers may conduct Initial Assessments to determine their safety and welfare to decide if they need ongoing services. We know little about these impactful decisions. Equally, little is known about the nature of concerns investigated or about the children and families themselves. The research for my PhD addressed this evidence gap. I conducted two empirical studies in Tusla between 2015 and 2016. In the first, a case study, I used case file records and interviews to explore social workers’ rationales for their judgments and decisions. In the second, a cross-sectional study, I coded written case records to profile the population undergoing assessments and identify, through multivariable analysis, factors associated with the decision to provide ongoing service.The study developed new insights into the characteristics of children and families undergoing initial assessment and into decision making processes. Social workers’ judgments about service needs are informed by case factors, policies, resource constraints and their perception of their expertise and role. Almost 40% of children assessed received ongoing service. Multivariable analysis indicated decisions to provide ongoing services are multifactorial, influenced by a handful of current and historic case and organisation factors. This is the largest study of Initial Assessments conducted in Ireland to date. Implications of the findings for interventions, policy and further research are discussed.
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Grinde, Turid. "Nordic child welfare services: variations in norms, attitudes and practice." Journal of Children's Services 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17466660200700035.
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Earlier Nordic comparative studies show variation between countries in child welfare practice, reflecting cultural differences, and that case workers share the norms, values and attitudes of their society. Can cultural factors be concretised for discussion? Child welfare workers in Denmark, Iceland and Norway were presented with five child care stories (vignettes) that focused on the ‘threshold’ between preventive measures and out‐of‐home care (consensual or compulsory). Vignette themes included parental neglect, maternal alcohol misuse and youth problems. Study participants gave written answers to the vignettes and took part in group discussions with colleagues. The results showed significant differences between countries in case workers' responses. Variations in arguments, decisions, use of compulsion and working style reflected national views and priorities. A central dimension was how case workers balanced parental interests with children's needs: in Denmark they were reluctant to intervene with parental rights, whereas the Norwegians were more accepting of compulsory decisions to protect children.
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Edwards, Anne, and Apostol Apostolov. "A Cultural-Historical Interpretation of Resilience: the implications for practice." Outlines. Critical Practice Studies 9, no. 1 (April 16, 2007): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ocps.v9i1.2087.
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Recent attempts at preventing the social exclusion of vulnerable children in England have been driven by notions of resilience which centre primarily on changing children so that they may be better able to cope with adversity. Drawing on the concepts of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), we suggest that the idea of resilience should be expanded to include developing a capacity to act on and reshape the social conditions of one’s development. We use evidence from two studies of practices in recent re-configurations of children’s services in England to examine whether practitioners are seeing resilience in these terms. We present examples of work which embody these views but suggest that they are not easily incorporated into practices where expertise is centred on care and clear communication. The care and communication model of practice reflects the emphases given to evolutionary notions of child development while a CHAT view of resilience reflects Vygotsky’s concerns with a dialectic between individuals and the social situations of their development.
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Lau, Stuart, Natalie Czuczman, Liz Dennett, Matthew Hicks, and Maria Ospina. "72 Prevalence of Neurodevelopmental Disorder among Indigenous Children: A Systematic Review." Paediatrics & Child Health 27, Supplement_3 (October 1, 2022): e34-e34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxac100.071.
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Abstract Background Neurodevelopment involves sensory-motor, cognitive, and social-emotional domains, which can be influenced by biological and psychosocial factors. Poor neurodevelopment can result in missing developmental milestones and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) that translate into negative consequences for long-term health and well-being. Indigenous children in countries with similar colonial histories face a disproportionate burden of infant mortality, chronic diseases, injuries, and disability compared to non-Indigenous children. However, there is no consensus on the prevalence of NDs among Indigenous children around the world. Objectives This systematic review (PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021238669) synthesized current evidence on the prevalence of NDs among Indigenous children in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the USA. Design/Methods Comprehensive searches of five databases from 2005 to Feb 15, 2021 were conducted to identify cohort and cross-sectional studies that assessed the objective. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection, data extraction/analysis, and risk of bias assessment. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort and ecological studies (adapted), and the Quality Assessment Tool for Prevalence Studies by Hoy et al. for cross-sectional studies. Prevalence odds ratios (pOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in random-effects meta-analyses for each ND outcome if there were two or more studies of the same study design. Results Of the 864 studies identified, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies were conducted in Australia, one in Canada, four in New Zealand, and eight in the USA. Four studies evaluated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence, 13 for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 10 for intellectual disability (ID), and five for motor disorders (MD). Most cohort studies (10/17) had high risk of bias. All cross-sectional studies (n=8) had low risk of bias. The prevalence of ADHD, ASD, ID, and MD for Indigenous children ranged from 2.7-3.9%, 0.07-3.0%, 1.1-3.9%, and 0.18-0.47%, respectively. Prevalence in non-Indigenous children ranged from 1.6-5.6%, 0.31-3.3%, 0.87-2.3%, and 0.22-0.37%. In cross-sectional studies, Indigenous children had decreased odds of ASD (three studies; pOR=0.80; 95% CI: 0.71-0.89) compared to non-Indigenous children. In cohort studies, higher odds of MD (two studies; pOR=1.57; 95%CI: 1.35-1.84) and lower odds of ASD (four studies; pOR=0.46; 95% CI: 0.28-0.76) were found in Indigenous children compared to non-Indigenous children. Conclusion Prevalence rates are greater in Indigenous children for MD and lower for ASD compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts. Differences in NDs prevalence between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children may be due to differences in access to health care services/assessment.
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Sneha, Latha M., Julius Xavier Scott, Adarsh Kancharla, Dhaarani Jayraman, Balaji Thiruvengadam Kothandan, and Shree Hasitha Koneru. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Unlocking Childhood Cancer Services during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pediatric Oncology Tertiary Care Center's Experience from a Developing Country." Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology 43, no. 03 (June 2022): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1754171.
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Abstract Introduction The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made the provision of cancer care services a challenging task all over the world, even in developed countries. Multiple studies have already reported increased rate of diagnostic delays, interruptions in radiotherapy and chemotherapy administration, and shortage of health care personnel to deliver these services. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of strategies used to deliver uninterrupted childhood cancer services at our center during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study of the children less than 18 years of age admitted at our center between March 2020 and September 2021 to assess the effect of strategies adopted to provide uninterrupted cancer services during the COVID-19 pandemic. All the children with cancer who were managed during the study period were included in the study. The children who had treatment interruptions/lost to follow-up prior to onset of COVID-19 were excluded from the study. The primary outcome was to measure the effect of COVID-19 on delivery of cancer care services. The secondary outcome was to assess whether the strategies followed at our center helped to reduce diagnostic delays or loss to follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Out of total 1,490 admissions, 199 children were managed during the study period. Among the 199 children managed, 124 of them were newly diagnosed, 75 had ongoing treatment, 16 children relapsed, 13 children received palliative care, and 6 families were lost to follow-up. Out of 1,471 tests done, only 16 children and 6 caregivers tested COVID-19 positive during routine screening. Thirty-five underwent surgery and 23 received radiotherapy during this period. Among 199 children, 143 (71.8%) received financial support for hospital expenses, 23 (11.5%) received travel support, 20 (10%) were provided free accommodation, and 15 (7.5%) received home delivery of oral chemotherapy and pain medications. A total of $86,989.05 was supported for diagnostic investigations, COVID-19 testing, chemotherapy, and supportive care; $1,144.90 for travel support; and $17,010.94 was waived off by hospital administration to support the poor families. Conclusion The shared care model, support from nongovernmental organizations and hospital administration, and utilization of local resources productively and effectively helped to avoid diagnostic delays and treatment interruptions, and provide uninterrupted pediatric cancer care services at our center.
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Kerta Adhi, Made. "The Cultural Ideological Contestation in National Examination." SHS Web of Conferences 42 (2018): 00053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184200053.
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The purpose of this research was to find out the forms and the factors leading to the contestation of cultural ideology in National Examination. This research utilized Qualitative Research method and the approach of Cultural Studies. Based on the analysis, it was found that the forms of ideological contestation, specifically, centralistic, prioritizing on the result of cognitive domain, and imaging. The factors which caused consisted of political of education, state policies, and socio-cultural. The implications of this research were (1) There was shifting of educational values into capitalism, (2) The meaning of learning became limited in which it was just purposed at facing National Examination, (3) Educational services have shifted from humanist public services to commodification of education, with the result that honesty was marginalized. Eventhough the government has developed sophisticated system and very tight supervision, if the character of the subjects are not formed and cultured, accordingly, the National Examination stated honest and achievement oriented will be just a slogan. Therefore, the education system needs to be improved. The education paradigm which is more emphasized on the increasing of intellectual intelligence by multiple choice tests and scores needs to be deconstructed by adjusting with Indonesian cultural values based on “Pancasila” as ideological foundation and developing character education to the children from early age.
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Shorey, Shefaly, Esperanza D. Ng, Gørill Haugan, and Evelyn Law. "The parenting experiences and needs of Asian primary caregivers of children with autism: A meta-synthesis." Autism 24, no. 3 (November 13, 2019): 591–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319886513.
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Parents of children with autism are faced with higher risks of unemployment, divorce, and poorer mental health than parents of children with other disorders. Such parenting stress can be further exacerbated by cultural and environmental factors such as the more conservative and collectivistic Asian values. Therefore, this review identifies and synthesizes literature on the parenting experiences and needs of Asian primary caregivers of children with autism using a critical interpretive method. A qualitative meta-summary was conducted. Seven electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from each database’s date of inception to November 2018. In total, 44 studies were included in this review. Thirteen studies examined Asian immigrant parents’ experiences, and 31 studies were done among Asia-based parents. Six domains were identified: “personal parenting journey”; “adaptation and coping strategies”; “family, community, and social support”; “experiences with healthcare, education, and social services”; “future hopes and recommendations”; and “unique experiences of immigrants.” The distinctive influence of religious beliefs, cultural values, and environmental factors on Asian parenting experiences were discussed, and recommendations were proposed to better meet the needs of parents with autistic children.
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Prayukvong, Wanna, Amporn Sornprasith, and Morris John Foster. "Parental expectations of and satisfaction with the services of preschool centres." Journal for Multicultural Education 12, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-05-2017-0033.
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Purpose This paper aims to study parental expectations of and satisfaction with overall services of preschool centres and to determine the factors which affect parents’ satisfaction in a part of one of Thailand’s southern provinces. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from parents of children attending 29 day-care or preschool centres in Songkhla Province, South Thailand, over a two-month period in the Spring 2014. The data were analysed mainly using descriptive statistics and some correlation analyses with subsequent logical interpretation. Findings Given the location and non-compulsory nature of the childcare provision being assessed, it would seem fair to say that the answer to the overarching objective was fairly positive. Expectations were non-trivial; parents looked for more than “baby-minding” and expected there to be some appropriately qualified staff. The perceived satisfaction levels indicate that there is nevertheless scope for improvement. Research limitations/implications The sample studied is from a limited geographical region of Thailand; hence, there must be some caution in making recommendations for the whole country. Practical implications As the outcomes being delivered are seen to be mainly positive by parents and guardians, the policy implication for the Thai Government is that they should continue to promote, and ideally enhance, this kind of early years provision. Results suggest that Thai parents would be well advised to make use of childcare centres to promote the socialisation and development of their children. Originality/value The originality of the work derives from the lack of similar systematic studies in Thailand and, in particular, for the rural southern provinces.
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Livingstone, Sonia, and Claire Local. "Measurement matters: difficulties in defining and measuring children’s television viewing in a changing media landscape." Media International Australia 163, no. 1 (March 8, 2017): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x17693932.
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Audience measurement techniques currently fail to provide a clear picture of trends in children’s television viewing because of the diversification in devices on which television content can be viewed. It is argued that understanding how children engage with television content is undermined by commonplace but problematic comparisons of time spent on television viewing and on Internet use, in which it is widely believed that children are deserting ‘television’ for ‘the Internet’. Although it is already well known that television content can be viewed on Internet-enabled devices such as tablets, smartphones and laptop computers while Internet content and services can be accessed via Internet-enabled television sets, such viewing cannot be measured satisfactorily at present. While no doubt measurement techniques will continue to improve in accuracy, this article suggests that such measurement difficulties matter at a time when children’s public service broadcasting provision is falling and further threatened.
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Jönsson, Lars-Eric. "Home, Women, and Children: Social Services Home Visits in Postwar Sweden." Home Cultures 2, no. 2 (July 2005): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/174063105778053382.
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Newman, Daniel A., Christine A. Limbers, and James W. Varni. "Factorial Invariance of Child Self-Report Across English and Spanish Language Groups in a Hispanic Population Utilizing the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 26, no. 3 (January 2010): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000026.
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The measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children has witnessed significant international growth over the past decade in an effort to improve pediatric health and well-being, and to determine the value of health-care services. In order to compare international HRQOL research findings across language groups, it is important to demonstrate factorial invariance, i.e., that the items have an equivalent meaning across the language groups studied. This study examined the factorial invariance of child self-reported HRQOL across English- and Spanish-language groups in a Hispanic population of 2,899 children ages 8–18 utilizing the 23-item PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed specifying a five-factor model across language groups. The findings support an equivalent 5-factor structure across English- and Spanish-language groups. Based on these data, it can be concluded that children across the two languages studied interpreted the instrument in a similar manner. The multigroup CFA statistical methods utilized in the present study have important implications for cross-cultural assessment research in children in which different language groups are compared.
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Thi, Tan Nguyen, Thao Do Thi, and Nga Giap Binh. "Conspectus of effectiveness of the jasper model in developing symbolic play skills for children with autism spectrum disorders." World Journal of Vocational Education and Training 6, no. 1 (June 4, 2024): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/119.v6i1.3770.
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This study provides an overview of 20 research articles from international databases (PubMed, Scholar, Eric, and APA) assessing the effectiveness of the JASPER model in developing symbolic play skills among children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The researchers reviewed studies to examine the impact of the JASPER model on the frequency, diversity, and level of symbolic play skills in children with ASD. Results indicate that the JASPER model effectively increases symbolic play skills among children with ASD, enhancing their play experience quality. The application of the JASPER model in developing symbolic play skills for children with ASD in Vietnam shows promise. However, considering differences in intervention services and cultural contexts, recommendations are provided for adapting the JASPER model for effective implementation in Vietnam. This includes cultural adjustments and modifications to intervention protocols. Collaborative efforts between researchers, practitioners, and policymakers are crucial for the successful implementation and dissemination of the JASPER model in Vietnam, potentially improving outcomes for children with ASD in the country.
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Sung, JiSu. "What Limits Access to Speech-Language Pathology Services in the Asian Elderly Community?" Perspectives on Gerontology 19, no. 3 (September 2014): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/gero19.3.87.
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It is well known that the culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) immigrant population in the United States is increasing. One of the subgroups, the Asian foreign-born elderly, comprises 15 percent of Asian immigrants and is rapidly growing (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). The increasing number of Asian and other immigrants results in greater demand for research sensitive to cross-cultural issues. Issues related to serving CLD children and poor access to general medical services among minority individuals with limited English proficiency (LEP) have been broadly discussed. However, the understanding of CLD elderly clients with communication disorders and the disparity in access to specialized services, including speech-language pathology, have not been systematically studied. This fast growth in numbers of older Asian immigrants means speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are increasingly likely to encounter elderly clients of Asian heritage. Thus, all SLPs should be aware of potential challenges faced by this ethnic group, including cultural and linguistic barriers. In addition, there are other factors that may limit this population's access to speech-language pathology services: negative attitudes toward speech disorders and treatment, poor acknowledgment of the significance of speech-language pathology services, extremely limited numbers of SLPs with proficiency in Asian languages, and culturally and linguistically inappropriate interpreter services. The purpose of this article is to discuss how these components may impede timely access to speech-language pathology services in the Asian older immigrant population. This article will also show how SLPs can collaborate with Asian communities in order to facilitate culturally and linguistically sensitive services. In addition, as a clinician of Korean heritage, I provide anecdotal evidence based on my experience working with Asian elderly patients.
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Kabenina, I. P. "Problems and strategies of assistance to families having children with developmental impairments." Современная зарубежная психология 5, no. 1 (2016): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2016050108.
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The article provides an overview of foreign publications, reports and studies on the issue of assistance to families, having a child with developmental disorders. The starting point of the review is to support the author's position that the family having a child with special needs is a family in need. Therefore, the present studies shift their focus from children with impairments to assistance that can be provided to their families through development of families’ coping strategies and utilization of family’s strong points. Evidence of this new approach, presented in a number of studies, are strong arguments in favor of family-centered early intervention services and programs that use the cross-sectoral and multidisciplinary approaches, in which the family plays a central role.
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Nevado Llopis, Almudena, Ana Isabel Foulquié Rubio, and Alina Pelea. "Language Brokering in Healthcare Settings in Spain: An Insight Based on Testimonies." English Studies at NBU 10, no. 1 (June 22, 2024): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.24.1.8.
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There were 6,491,502 foreign residents living in Spain in January 2024, a number that indicates a significant increase since the beginning of the 21st century. Among this foreign population, the largest communities are Moroccans, Romanians and British, whose mother tongue is not Spanish. According to the results from several studies conducted over the last decades, when these allophone residents use the Spanish healthcare services, they frequently ask their children to help them communicate with healthcare providers through linguistic and cultural mediation, even when professional interpreting or mediation services are available. How did these children feel while mediating for their parents in this context? Did they have any negative experiences? We intend to provide answers to these questions through semi-structured individual interviews with adults who had mediated for their parents in healthcare settings in Spain when they were children or young adults. These answers contribute to a clear understanding of the consequences of language brokering, thus promoting the use of professional interpreting and mediation services in these settings.
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Pérez-Ardanaz, Bibiana, María José Peláez-Cantero, María González-Cano-Caballero, Laura Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Alberto José Gómez-González, Inmaculada Lupiáñez-Pérez, José Miguel Morales-Asencio, and José Carlos Canca-Sánchez. "Utilization of Parallel Resources and Sociodemographic Factors in Treating Children with Complex Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study." Children 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8110973.
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Background: Children with complex chronic conditions have a high need for health and social care resources. Many parents explore parallel resources such as alternative therapies, associations, psychological support, private medical consultations, and other out-of-pocket expenses for healthcare. The use of these alternative health resources is sometimes unclear and may lead to health inequalities. To characterize the use made of alternative healthcare resources for children with complex chronic conditions. Additionally, we evaluate the influence of sociodemographic factors on the distribution of this utilization of resources; (2) Methods: Cross-sectional study. Children with complex chronic diseases were treated at a tertiary hospital in Granada, Spain in 2016. We analyzed their use of healthcare resources and socioeconomic variables. This research complies with STROBE guidelines for observational studies; (3) Results: In total, 265 children were analyzed (mean age 7.3 years, SD 4.63). A total of 105 children (39.6%) attended private consultations with specialists, and 12.1% (n = 32) of the children had additional private health insurance. One out three parents belonged to a mutual support association (n = 78), and 26% (n = 69) of the children used alternative therapies. Furthermore, 75.4% (n = 199) of the children received no psychological support. Children whose parents had a higher educational level and occupations status made greater use of parallel healthcare resources.; (4) Conclusions: A significant proportion of children used multiple health resources in addition to the public healthcare system depending on sociodemographic determinants. Studies are needed to determine whether the use of these alternative services achieves better levels of health.
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Penne, Tess, Tine Hufkens, Tim Goedemé, and Bérénice Storms. "To what extent do welfare states compensate for the cost of children? The joint impact of taxes, benefits and public goods and services." Journal of European Social Policy 30, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928719868458.
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In order to alleviate child poverty, contemporary European welfare states have shifted their focus increasingly towards child-centred investment strategies. However, studies examining the generosity of welfare states to families with children focus mainly on cash benefit packages, or on government expenditure, while not taking into account the actual out-of-pocket costs families have to make to fulfil their needs. This article aims at contributing to existing studies by: (1) empirically assessing the needs and costs of children across welfare states by making use of cross-nationally comparable reference budgets, while taking into account publicly provided or subsidised services; (2) simulating the cash benefits and taxes that affect households with children through the tax–benefit system, by making use of the new Hypothetical Household Tool (HHoT) in EUROMOD; and (3) combining both types of information in order to compare the essential out-of-pocket costs for children between 6 and 18 years old with the simulated cash benefit packages. We propose a new indicator that can be used to assess welfare state generosity to families with children: the child cost compensation indicator. The use of the indicator is empirically illustrated by comparing six European welfare states: Belgium, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Spain. The article shows that, even though with important cross-national variation, cash transfers generally amount to less than 60 percent of the cost of children. Although in five out of six countries support for families is higher at the lower end of the income distribution, for households living on a low gross wage, the income of a family with children is less adequate compared to a similar childless family and is in many cases insufficient to participate adequately in society.
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ISHCHENKO, I. V. "STUDY OF THE PLACE OF THE NATIONAL POLICE UNITS IN THE SYSTEM OF BODIES AND SERVICES FOR CHILDREN REGARDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JUVENILE PREVENTION." Law and Society, no. 4 (2022): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32842/2078-3736/2022.4.44.
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Yoo, Da-Un, and Sunjae Lee. "Neighborhood Sustainability Measure for Preschool Children Based on Proximity to Major Service Amenities." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 1712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051712.
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Although many previous studies have identified inequalities among children based on various neighborhood characteristics, it is still difficult to determine what is most needed for individual neighborhoods to support child development at an early age, and for providing public interventions and appropriate resources to meet the diverse and urgent needs of young children. This study proposes a tool to measure the proximity to basic service amenities for preschool children of their distance from home in order to enhance overall neighborhoods’ economic and social sustainability for young children. The proposed three-zone Neighborhood Units for Preschool Children (NUPCs) conceptualize the general area that constitutes a preschool child’s environment, and proximity to service amenities in four major categories was analyzed: (1) childcare and educational services, (2) outdoor play spaces, (3) healthcare services, and (4) cultural and welfare services. The Neighborhood Deprivation Index for Preschool Children (NDIPC) was analyzed for 36 sample administrative districts (ADs) in Seoul, South Korea, to determine the geographic demand for major service amenities for each NUPC within the ADs. This neighborhood sustainability measure based on the NUPC and NDIPC has revealed that the distribution of service amenities for preschool children is unequal and insufficient in many ADs and in varied categories. Neighborhoods with relatively high NDIPC scores will require further investigation, and public intervention will be needed to provide major service amenities based on urgent need.
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Pistone, Renee. "Check It Out! A Proposed Public Library-Based Meal Program to Combat Literacy Struggles in Children." Public Administration Research 12, no. 2 (June 12, 2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/par.v12n2p17.
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Purpose: To highlight the relationship between hunger in children and struggles with reading and to propose a library-based social program that is directly incorporated within the local libraries’ already established summer reading program to address it. All local libraries throughout the country have an established summer reading program to provide learning stimulus for students when school closed for summer recess. Design/methodology/approach: The method is to analyze the problem using the lens of an economic theory and he research method is the literature review. The theoretical approach or underpinning is that Arthur Laffer’s, trickle-down economic theory has failed our children who go to bed hungry. Findings: School-aged children who are food insecure suffer academically and the problem is worse during the summer months because there is no access to school meals. The local public library is in a unique position to provide social services in the form of a library-based meal program that is incorporated with the summer reading program. Research limitations/implications: Due to the nature of the study, since there were no participants, the findings are only generalizable to a sample of libraries. Future studies could explore topics related to the actual implementation of a library-based meal program that is tracked over a period of three years.
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DeJonckheere, Melissa J., Lisa M. Vaughn, and Farrah Jacquez. "Latino Immigrant Youth Living in a Nontraditional Migration City." Urban Education 52, no. 3 (August 3, 2016): 399–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085914549360.
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Latino immigrant children represent the fastest-growing population in the United States and families are frequently residing outside of the traditional migration destinations. These cities lack the infrastructure and resources to provide culturally relevant services and bilingual education that supports these youth. Following a social-ecological approach that attends to the multiple contextual and cultural factors that influence individuals, this study identifies the risk and protective factors experienced by Latino immigrant youth living within a nontraditional destination area. Youth described relationship, immigration, academic, language, and familial stressors as significant risk factors. Protective factors included family networks, peer relationships, and school supports.
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Bøe, Tormod, Einar Røshol Heiervang, Kjell Morten Stormark, Astri J. Lundervold, and Mari Hysing. "Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Norwegian 10-14-year-olds: Results from a cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): e0248864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248864.
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Youth mental health problems is the leading cause of disability worldwide and a major public health concern. Prevalence rates are needed for planning preventive interventions and health care services. We here report Norwegian prevalence estimates for youth mental disorders based on findings from the Bergen Child Study cohort. A web-based psychiatric interview; the Development and Well-Being Assessment, was completed by parents and teachers of 2,043 10-14-year-olds from the city of Bergen, Norway. Post-stratification weights were used to account for selective participation related to parental educational in the estimation of prevalence rates. Prevalence rates are presented for the whole sample and stratified by gender and age. The overall population weighted estimate suggests that 6.93% (95% CI 5.06–9.41) of the children met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for one or more psychiatric disorders. There were no robust indications of age- or gender-related differences in the prevalence. 11.4% of the children fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis. The most common comorbid conditions were ADHD and disruptive disorders. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was relatively low among Norwegian 10-14-year-olds, compared to published worldwide prevalence estimates. This is in line with estimates from prior studies from the Nordic countries. These findings raise important questions about the origins of different prevalence rates for psychiatric disorders between societies. The findings also illustrate the importance of locally driven epidemiological studies for planning preventative efforts and appropriately scaling mental health services to meet the need of the population.
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Dikčius, Vytautas, Anahit Armenakyan, Sigitas Urbonavicius, Gintarė Jonynienė, and Justina Gineikienė. "The Influence of Children on Family Purchasing in Lithuania and Azerbaijan." Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2014.5.2.14236.
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In the context of marketing, children are considered to be increasingly important influencers of parents’ purchasing decisions. However, their influence varies depending on the products and cultures, and many particularities of this phenomenon remain under-researched. This is especially true in regard to the countries that are categorized as “emerging economies”. Some of them still do not have reliable measurements of their cultural dimensions, and this increases difficulties in performing comparative analysis there. On the other hand, these countries offer a broad and important scene for child influence studies.
This study concentrates on analysis and comparisons of children’s influence on parental purchase decision-making in Lithuania and Azerbaijan. These countries are different in, at least, two Hofstede’s cultural dimensions that are important in family decision-making: individualism and uncertainty avoidance. Also, the study contributes to the existing research by using a product use-related categorization of product groups.
Such an approach reveals significant difference in terms of how children exert their influence on purchasing services versus tangible products for the family use. Interesting differences between the countries in terms of children’s influence on purchasing products for their personal use also opens a new scene for future studies that might consider a similar product categorization approach.
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Meshak, Chemutai. "Unraveling the Intersection of Socio-Economic Dynamics and Family Planning Accessibility: Insights from Women of Reproductive Age in Kween District, Eastern Uganda." IAA Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (October 22, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/iaajas/2023/1.1.1000.
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The provision and utilization of Family Planning (FP) services play a pivotal role in not only safeguarding women's health but also significantly enhancing the overall well-being of their partners, children, and the wider societal fabric. Studies have estimated that optimizing FP services could potentially save 32% of maternal lives and 10% of child lives. In light of these critical implications, this research delves into the multifaceted factors hindering women's access to Family Planning Services within the precincts of the Kween district. Employing a cross-sectional descriptive study design, this investigation focuses on women aged between 18-49 years. Data collection involved survey questionnaires administered to a strategically sampled group of 40 women. The quantitative data underwent meticulous analysis utilizing SPSS version 20, while qualitative data was subjected to content and thematic analysis, presenting findings in a verbatim format. The study revealed that while 47.5% of women were utilizing modern FP methods, encompassing pills, implants, and injectables, there existed a notable unmet contraceptive need of 25%, coupled with a 22.5% contraceptive discontinuation rate. The primary deterrent to accessing modern FP methods stemmed from acceptability issues entrenched in prevailing myths, notably the erroneous beliefs associating Family Planning with infertility and the culturally unfavorable birth of twins. Moreover, the discontinuation of modern FP methods predominantly stemmed from reported side effects such as excessive bleeding, backaches, and headaches. Additionally, the research underscored a correlation between the utilization of modern FP methods, women's educational attainment, and demographic factors like the number of living male children and participation in polygamous marriages. Intriguingly, religious affiliations had a limited impact on FP method utilization, as women demonstrated a tendency to contravene religious doctrines to access FP services despite religious opposition. This study illuminates critical barriers obstructing women's access to and sustained use of modern FP methods in the Kween district, emphasizing the urgency for tailored interventions addressing socio-cultural misconceptions, side-effect management, and demographic sensitivities to foster more inclusive and effective FP service delivery in similar contexts. Keywords: Family Planning, Contraceptives, Injectables, Implants.
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Heflin, Brynna H., Jonathan S. Comer, and Daniel M. Bagner. "Predicting BMI in Young Children with Developmental Delay and Externalizing Problems: Links with Caregiver Depressive Symptoms and Acculturation." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 45, no. 9 (September 26, 2020): 1084–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa074.
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Abstract Background Caregiver depression is associated with increased risk for childhood obesity. However, studies assessing the relation between caregiver depression and childhood obesity have focused primarily on typically developing, school-aged children and have not examined the influence of cultural factors. Objectives To evaluate the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and body mass index (BMI) scores in young children with developmental delay (DD) and externalizing behavior problems, as well as the moderating role of acculturation and enculturation on this association. Methods We examined the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and child BMI scores in 147 3-year-old children with DD and elevated levels of externalizing behavior problems. Caregivers of all participating children self-identified as coming from cultural minority backgrounds. We also examined the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and child BMI across levels of caregiver acculturation and enculturation. Results Higher levels of caregiver depressive symptoms were associated with higher child BMI scores (b = .189, p = .001). Acculturation significantly moderated the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and child BMI scores (b = .21, p = .01), such that the association was stronger for more acculturated caregivers. Enculturation was not a significant moderator. Conclusions Caregiver depressive symptoms may confer elevated risk for child obesity when caregivers are highly acculturated to the United States, suggesting clinicians should consider levels of acculturation to optimize services for children and families from cultural minority backgrounds.
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Siga Tage, Petrus Kanisius, Herliana Monika Azi Djogo, Erna Febriyanti, Yulia Martiningsih Karmila Letor, Maria Yoanita Bina, Maria Yasintha Goa Goa, and Angela Muryanti Gatum. "Parents’ Experiences of Caring for Children with Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in Remote and Rural Areas of Indonesia." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 13, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v13i1.50633.
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Background: Parents of children with Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in rural areas face limited access to medical care and specialised services, financial difficulties, social isolation, and stigma. Research on their experiences is limited.Purpose: This study explores parents’ experiences of caring for their children with CRS in rural areas of Indonesia.Methods: The research used a descriptive phenomenological approach, purposive sampling to collect parents of children with CRS from the shelter, and snowball sampling for other participants. Inclusion criteria included parents who cared for CRS children over than two years old, could express their experiences, and spoke Indonesian. Twenty-five parents participated in an in-depth semi-structured interview. The data were analysed using the Colaizzi method.Results: This research found that parents caring for sick children in rural areas experienced life-altering situations that affected their mental health. In addition, caring for sick children also caused emotional disturbances and tension in family life. Other challenges included getting proper treatment for their child, especially in remote rural areas, and difficulty to reach health services. Therefore, proper mental health treatment and support were essential for parents who cared for sick children in rural areas.Conclusion: This study describes complexities of parents’ experiences of caring for children with CRS, such as difficulty to accept the child's condition and feeling burdened by their child’s case. Further studies are needed to understand cultural influences and expand the study area.
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Yoong, Sze Lin, Melanie Lum, Jannah Jones, Erin Kerr, Maryann Falkiner, Tessa Delaney, Sam McCrabb, Li Kheng Chai, Kirsty Seward, and Alice Grady. "A systematic review of interventions to improve the dietary intake, physical activity and weight status of children attending family day care services." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 12 (May 8, 2020): 2211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019005275.
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AbstractObjective:To (i) identify and synthesise findings from interventions to improve the dietary intake, physical activity and weight status of children aged 0–6 years attending family day care services; and (ii) assess the impact of interventions on family day care environments, intervention cost and adverse outcomes.Design:Medline in Process, PsycINFO, ERIC, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL and Scopus databases were searched in March 2019. Studies were included if they (i) evaluated an intervention to improve the diet, physical activity and/or weight of children aged 0–6 years; (ii) were delivered in family day care services; (iii) targeted child diet, physical activity and/or weight; and (iv) used a parallel control group design. Screening was undertaken by two reviewers with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer.Setting:Family day care services, also known as family childcare homes.Participants:Children aged 0–6 years attending family day care services.Results:In total, 8977 titles were retrieved, and 199 full-texts reviewed. No studies met the inclusion criteria for the primary outcome; however, two studies reporting on the secondary outcome of family day care environments were included. The 4-year community-wide obesity prevention programme and the 12-month train-the-trainer programme both reported statistically significant improvements in the healthy eating and physical activity environments of family day care, compared to cross-sectional state-average control groups.Conclusions:Findings highlight few existing interventions in family day care services and a need for high-quality controlled trials to identify effective interventions to improve children’s diet, activity and weight in this setting.