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Trūpa, Sarmīte. "Multilingvisms latviešu diasporā Vācijā." Valodu apguve: problēmas un perspektīva : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Language Acquisition: Problems and Perspective : conference proceedings 17/18 (September 13, 2022): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/va.2022.17.18.441.
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Over the last fifteen years, the large-scale emigration from Latvia, triggered by economic crisis of 2008, has led to the emergence of “new diaspora” communities in the EU. In Germany, the number of Latvians has increased rapidly since 2011, when Germany opened its labor market for immigrants from the new EU member states, including Latvia. Since then, according to the German Federal Statistical Office, the number of Latvian citizens in Germany has grown steadily reaching 39,555 at the end of 2019. The exact number of Latvians in Germany, however, is unknown, as the statistics are based solely on the fact of Latvian citizenship. The new sociocultural environment, in which migrants find themselves, have tremendous sociolinguistic consequences on their language practices. When moving to another country, not only the level of language skills but also the linguistic behavior and attitudes of emigrants towards their mother tongue change for both objective and subjective reasons. In addition to their mother tongue, Latvians living in Germany use German, Russian, and English in their daily lives. Against the background of these very strong languages, a complex and heterogeneous situation emerges in connection with the transmission of the Latvian language to the next generation. Although, most Latvians in the diaspora (incl. those in exogamous partnerships) want their children to speak Latvian, this desire does not always get fulfilled. The main aim of this article, hence, is to explore language attitudes and language use patterns among Latvians in Germany and to assess their role in the transmission of Latvian to future generations. The empirical basis for the article comes from fifteen qualitative interviews with first-generation Latvian emigrants living in Germany. The study focuses specifically on the “new diaspora” that has emerged over the last thirty years since Latvia regained its independence. The findings of the study suggest that since the beginning of the 1990s both the motivation for Latvians to emigrate and the demographic structure of the diaspora have changed significantly. Moreover, reported linguistic socialization preferences, motivation behind language choices, and everyday language use patterns point to rather heterogenous linguistic profile of the “new Latvian diaspora” in Germany. At present, at least three very different groups or “bubbles” can be distinguished among the interviewed respondents: “the well-integrated/assimilated bubble” with German as a dominant everyday language, “the Latvian bubble”, characterized by the dominant use of Latvian, and “the East European bubble” with Russian as a dominant language of everyday interactions. In addition to these findings, the article also discusses factors that, according to the representatives of the diaspora themselves, promote and hinder the maintenance of the Latvian language in emigration.
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Protassova, Ekaterina. "Multilingualism at an Early Age: Parents’ Views and Teachers’ Reflections." Education & Self Development 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/esd16.1.08.
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The questions of superdiversity, multiple identities and practices, language policy, multilingualism, plurilingualism, intercultural, minority and immigrants’ education in the pre-primary and primary classrooms are crucial for the current situation of the Russian language abroad. Teachers have to take into account linguistic and artistic resources and deploy special methodological repertoires. The aim of the present research is to show what main themes the parents and teachers of young multi-lingual children discuss and how to overcome difficulties in organizing multilingual education. Parents and teachers in four countries (Finland, France, Germany, Russia) answered the questionnaires about their attitudes towards bi-lingual education of pre-primary and primary children. In addition, the Internet discussions on the international platforms in the Russian language were analyzed. Participants characterized their experience, their family policy and the educational institutions that their children attend. Existing practices show that the variety of approaches to early bilingual education is limited through material and human resources and the children’s potential. The best results demand more input, devoted parents and educators, more money, strict rules of language use, and a true continuity of bilingualism as a goal in all steps of child development. The different effects of various approaches to education may lie, not only in the language itself, but also in its political and economic power and the cognitive effects of an early start.
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Frankenberg, Emily, Katharina Kupper, Ruth Wagner, and Stephan Bongard. "Immigrant Youth in Germany." European Psychologist 18, no. 3 (January 1, 2013): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000154.
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This paper reviews research on young migrants in Germany. Particular attention is given to the question of how Germany’s history of migration, immigration policies, and public attitude toward migrants influence the transcultural adaptation of children and adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. We combine past research with the results of new empirical studies in order to shed light on migrants’ psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Studies comparing young migrants and their German peers in terms of psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and mental health outcome suggest higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems among migrants of most age groups. With regard to adolescent populations between the ages of 14 and 17 years, however, the existence of differences between migrants and natives appears to be less clear. Research has also yielded inconsistent findings regarding the time trajectory of transcultural adaptation among adolescents. The coincidence of acculturation and age-related change is discussed as a possible source of these inconsistencies. Further, we provide an overview of risk and protective factors such as conflicting role expectations and ethnic discrimination, which may cause heightened vulnerability to adverse adaptation outcomes in some groups. Large-scale studies have repeatedly shown migrants of all age groups to be less successful within the German school system, indicating poor sociocultural adaptation. Possible explanations, such as the idiosyncrasies of the German school system, are presented. Our own studies contribute to the understanding of young migrants’ adaptation process by showing that it is their orientation to German culture, rather than the acculturation strategy of integration, that leads to the most positive psychological and sociocultural outcomes. The paper concludes by discussing implications for future cross-cultural research on young migrants and by suggesting recommendations for multicultural policies.
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Neto, FÉlix, JosÉ Barros, and Paul G. Schmitz. "Acculturation Attitudes and Adaptation among Portuguese Immigrants in Germany." Psychology and Developing Societies 17, no. 1 (March 2005): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097133360501700102.
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Schröder, Carl Philipp. "Antisemitism among Adolescents in Germany." Youth and Globalization 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895745-02020003.
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Abstract Europe is facing a new wave of antisemitism, which has grown in recent years. In 2019, the number of reported antisemitic crimes has increased in Germany. On the one hand, Muslim immigrants are suspected of so-called “imported Antisemitism”. On the other hand, right-wing extremism still appears to be the main cause of most antisemitic crimes. Moreover, antisemitism may also be rooted in the left-wing spectrum hiding behind the criticism of Israel and its policies. To analyze the connections of antisemitic attitudes, data from a school survey of 6,715 ninth-graders are used. The results indicate a strong connection between right-wing attitudes and antisemitism as well as left-wing and Islamist attitudes and antisemitism. Higher values of antisemitism are also found among Muslims, but the main predictor of antisemitic attitudes is by far right-wing attitudes.
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Bukenya, James O., and Peter V. Schaeffer. "Immigrants' attitudes toward integration and citizenship in Germany, 1970-2000." International Journal of Sustainable Society 5, no. 4 (2013): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssoc.2013.056845.
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Grdešić, Marko. "Neoliberalism and Welfare Chauvinism in Germany." German Politics and Society 37, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2019.370201.
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Anti-immigration sentiments can take on a variety of forms, but a particularly prevalent version across Europe is welfare chauvinism. According to welfare chauvinism, the services of the welfare state should be provided only to natives and not to immigrants. Like many other European countries, German politics also features welfare chauvinism, and not only on the far right segment of the political spectrum. What drives welfare chauvinism? Most studies of welfare chauvinism try to assess whether economic or cultural factors matter most. In an attempt to bridge these perspectives, this article brings in neoliberalism. An examination of survey results from EBRD’s Life in Transition project suggests that neoliberal economic attitudes are a key determinant of welfare chauvinism. German respondents who have neoliberal economic views tend to see immigrants as a drain on the welfare state, while those who have economically leftist views tend to see immigrants as providing a positive contribution.
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Wirz, Dominique S., Martin Wettstein, Anne Schulz, Philipp Müller, Christian Schemer, Nicole Ernst, Frank Esser, and Werner Wirth. "The Effects of Right-Wing Populist Communication on Emotions and Cognitions toward Immigrants." International Journal of Press/Politics 23, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 496–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161218788956.
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The persuasiveness of right-wing populist communication has become a widely discussed topic; it is often assumed that such messages might foster anti-immigrant attitudes among citizens. The present study explores the effects of the different components of right-wing populist communication—anti-immigrant messages, populist content, and populist style—on attitudes toward immigrants. By combining a media content analysis ( N = 605 articles) with a panel survey ( N = 1,968) in metropolitan areas of four Western European countries (France, Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom), this study analyzes how citizens’ attitudes toward immigrants are influenced by the right-wing populist communication with which they are confronted in their individual media diet. The results show that anti-immigrant statements in the media lead to more negative cognitions toward immigrants, while populist content leads to more negative emotions. The study, thus, demonstrates that not only anti-immigrant rhetoric but also populism as a thin-centered ideology influence citizens’ attitudes toward immigrants on top of pre-existing attitudes.
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Fietkau, Sebastian, and Kasper M. Hansen. "How perceptions of immigrants trigger feelings of economic and cultural threats in two welfare states." European Union Politics 19, no. 1 (October 6, 2017): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116517734064.
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Better understanding of attitudes toward immigration is crucial to avoid misperception of immigration in the public debate. Through two identical online survey experiments applying morphed faces of non-Western immigrants and textual vignettes, the authors manipulate complexion, education, family background, and gender in Denmark and Germany. For women, an additional split in which half of the women wore a headscarf is performed. In both countries, highly skilled immigrants are preferred to low-skilled immigrants. Danes are more skeptical toward non-Western immigration than Germans. Essentially, less educated Danes are very critical of accepting non-Western immigrants in their country. It is suggested that this difference is driven by a large welfare state in Denmark compared to Germany, suggesting a stronger fear in welfare societies that immigrants will exploit welfare benefits.
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Carol, Sarah, and Karsten Hank. "Natives’ and Immigrants’ Gender Preferences for Children in Germany." European Journal of Population 36, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10680-019-09527-y.
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Indelicato, Alessandro, Juan Carlos Martín, and Raffaele Scuderi. "Comparing Regional Attitudes toward Immigrants in Six European Countries." Axioms 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11070345.
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Many immigrants have risked their lives searching for a better future by crossing the Mediterranean Sea or the Atlantic Ocean. The Canary Islands became the centre of another emerging humanitarian and human rights crisis at Europe’s frontier in 2020. The study aims to analyse whether attitudes towards immigrants are affected by territories close to these humanitarian crises. To this end, the study is based on previous studies using a Fuzzy-Hybrid TOPSIS method to analyse attitudes toward immigrants. The synthetic indicator will be built upon a set of eight indicators that proxy the ethnic, economic, cultural, and religious threats experienced by the citizens. The International Social Survey Program (ISSP) dataset for the year 2013 for six countries, namely Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, United Kingdom, and Portugal, will be used. Results show that the attitude toward immigrants is affected by the territorial dimension as classified by the nomenclature of territorial units for statistics at NUTS2 and NUTS3 levels, and that attitudes are very different between those of some of the archipelagos and islands considered in the study. In particular, our results point out a sort of duality between the Balearic Islands—the most open territory toward immigrants, and Corse—the least open territory toward immigrants.
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Roebers, Claudia M., and Wolfgang Schneider. "Self-concept and Anxiety in Immigrant Children." International Journal of Behavioral Development 23, no. 1 (March 1999): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502599384035.
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In a longitudinal study of acculturation in Germany, a total sample ( N 364) of immigrant and nonimmigrant elementary schoolchildren were tested in regard to achievement related personality variables, such as self-concept, anxiety, and peer relations. The participants belonged to one of four subgroups: (1) nonimmigrants from the Western region of Germany; (2) nonimmigrants from the Eastern region; (3) German-speaking immigrants from the former German Democratic Republic; and (4) immigrants with poor German language skills from the former USSR. Migration did not seem to lead to a global decrease of self-concept or to an increase of general anxiety. However, the immigrant children did differ in their self-concept in the German language and in test anxiety from the nonimmigrant children. The chosen parameters proved to be fairly stable over time in the German-speaking groups and in the immigrant group with poor German language skills, the self-concept was more stable with a longer stay in Germany. Overall, comparing the immigrants with the nonimmigrants: (a) an acceleration in the development of self-evaluations; and (b) an interruption in the gradual stabilisation of the personality became apparent.
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Akfırat, O. Nejat. "Improving Parental Attitudes of Turkish Immigrants Living in Germany: An Action Research." Participatory Educational Research 6, no. 2 (November 3, 2019): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17275/per.19.16.6.2.
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Meidert, Nadine, and Carolin Rapp. "Public Attitudes towards Refugees in Germany: What Drives Attitudes towards Refugees in Comparison with Immigrant Workers from European Union Countries?" Journal of Refugee Studies 32, Special_Issue_1 (December 1, 2019): i209—i218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fez046.
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Abstract The current global refugee crisis puts both refugees and Western societies to the test. The challenges refugees face within their host countries depend on not only situational circumstances, but also the attitudinal climate they confront. A negative public can have severe consequences for refugees’ integration. This article asks two basic questions that have received little attention in previous studies: How do attitudes towards refugees with different flight reasons differ when compared with attitudes towards immigrants from European Union countries? What factors influence those attitudes? These questions are answered for the exemplary case of Germany based on new data from the German General Social Survey, which was conducted during the height of the refugee crisis in mid-2016. Our results reveal that refugees are perceived less positively than European Union immigrants and the origin of this negative perception mainly lies in increased feelings of threat.
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Breidahl, Karen N., and Christian Albrekt Larsen. "The myth of unadaptable gender roles: Attitudes towards women’s paid work among immigrants across 30 European countries." Journal of European Social Policy 26, no. 5 (November 21, 2016): 387–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928716664292.
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It is a predominant assumption in contemporary political and academic debates that gender roles and attitudes supporting women’s paid work among immigrants are deep-rooted and stable over time. However, the actual work–family orientations among immigrants are rarely studied. The purpose of this article is to study to what extent and at what pace immigrants in general adapt to the attitudes towards women’s paid work that prevail in the host countries. A cross-national research strategy is applied using the European Social Survey rounds 2 (2004), 4 (2008) and 5 (2010), allowing us to compare and analyse attitudes towards women’s paid work among 13,535 foreign-born individuals resident in 30 European countries. The results indicate that immigrants’ attitudes towards women’s paid work are highly structured by the institutional and cultural context of the host country. Both male and female immigrants, as well as immigrants with and without children, adapt to host country attitudes at a high pace.
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Runge, Ronja A., Heide Glaesmer, Julian Schmitz, and Yuriy Nesterko. "Mental Health in Children of Immigrants in Germany: The Role of Socio-Demographic and Immigration-Related Characteristics." Journal of Child and Family Studies 31, no. 1 (November 8, 2021): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-02141-9.
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AbstractOver the last decades, the number of immigrants in Germany has been rising steadily. One result of this is that currently, around 40% of children in the country have immigrant parents. Existing studies report rather mixed results concerning their mental health outcomes. The present study provides some insight into factors that affect the mental health of this population. We compared emotional and behavioral problems (assessed via the SOEP-SDQ) in 5- to 10- year-old children of immigrants and their native German peers (N = 2441). We considered socioeconomic status as well as immigration-related characteristics of parents (age at immigration, country of origin, perceived discrimination, host country language skills, and immigrant generation). We examined the mental health status of the parents as a possible mediator between these characteristics and the children’s mental health outcomes. We did not find a difference in emotional and behavioral problems between immigrant and native children living in Germany. Low socioeconomic status was associated with more emotional and behavioral problems in both immigrant and native German children. Younger age at immigration to Germany in fathers and poorer German language skills among mothers were found to be directly associated with poorer mental health in children of immigrants. Mothers’ mental health status mediated the effects of perceived discrimination and mothers’ German language skills. The results underline the urgent need for a more detailed examination of immigration-related characteristics in immigrants living in Germany in order to better understand and prevent possible mental health-related disadvantages among their children.
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Doerschler, Peter. "Education and the development of Turkish and Yugoslav immigrants' political attitudes in Germany." German Politics 13, no. 3 (September 2004): 449–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0964400042000287455.
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Erisen, Cengiz, and Cigdem Kentmen-Cin. "Tolerance and perceived threat toward Muslim immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands." European Union Politics 18, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116516675979.
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This article studies how different types of tolerance and perceived threat affect opinions about the EU immigration policy in Germany and the Netherlands. We assess to what extent social and political tolerance for and sociotropic and personal threats from Muslim immigrants influence EU citizens’ beliefs that immigration is one of the most important issues facing the EU. By experimentally manipulating religion of immigrant, level of perceived threat, and type of tolerance, we examine how people’s attitudes on immigration policies change. Our findings shed light on how EU countries might deal with the rising tide of intolerance toward immigrants and Muslims, and how better policies of integration could be implemented in a multicultural Europe.
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Kalmijn, Matthijs. "The Children of Intermarriage in Four European Countries." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 662, no. 1 (October 11, 2015): 246–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215595391.
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This article tests the thesis that intermarriage fosters the integration of immigrants by studying the children of intermarriage. Using secondary school–based questionnaire data from England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden, I compare the children of mixed marriages to second-generation immigrants and to children of native origins. Three dimensions of integration are measured: social integration (contacts with natives), cultural integration (religiosity and family values), and economic integration (school achievement tests). I examine the effect of intermarriage on these outcomes as well as interactions with gender, socioeconomic status, destination country, and origin group. Our findings show that the outcomes for the children of mixed origins are in between the outcomes of immigrants and natives. In some respects, mixed children are exactly halfway, confirming a model of additive effects of parental origins. In other cases, mixed children are closer to immigrants than to natives, pointing to a model of stigmatization and ethnic retentionism.
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Kretschmer, David, and Hanno Kruse. "Neighbourhood effects on acculturation attitudes among minority and majority adolescents in Germany." Urban Studies 57, no. 16 (February 12, 2020): 3363–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019897890.
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Attitudes on whether immigrants should culturally adapt to their receiving society or maintain the customs of their origin context vary – not only between majority and minority populations but also within these groups. Focusing on adolescents in the German context, this study investigates whether such acculturation attitudes are shaped by the ethnic composition of a person’s neighbourhood context. Building on arguments from theories of intergroup contact, concentration effects and reactive ethnicity, we expect different effects for minority and majority adolescents. To empirically investigate these expectations, we combine survey data on N = 4621 adolescents and their parents with geocoded information on the characteristics of their neighbourhood contexts. Exploiting an intergenerational set-up to account for neighbourhood selection, we find indication of neighbourhood effects among minority adolescents. Among majority youth, acculturation attitudes turn out to be unrelated to neighbourhood ethnic composition.
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Esses, Victoria M., Ulrich Wagner, Carina Wolf, Matthias Preiser, and Christopher J. Wilbur. "Perceptions of national identity and attitudes toward immigrants and immigration in Canada and Germany." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 30, no. 6 (November 2006): 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.07.002.
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Bönke, Timm, and Guido Neidhöfer. "Parental Background Matters: Intergenerational Mobility and Assimilation of Italian Immigrants in Germany." German Economic Review 19, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12114.
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Abstract We investigate the hypothesis of failed integration and low social mobility of immigrants. An intergenerational assimilation model is tested empirically on household survey data and validated against registry data provided by the Italian Embassy in Germany. Although we confirm substantial disparities between educational achievements of immigrants and natives, we find that the children of Italian immigrants exhibit high intergenerational mobility and no less opportunity than natives to achieve high schooling degrees. These findings suggest a rejection of the failed assimilation hypothesis. Additionally, we evaluate different patterns by time of arrival, Italian region of origin and language spoken at home.
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Gerhards, Jurgen, and Julia Tuppat. "“Boundary-Maintenance” or “Boundary-Crossing”? Name-Giving Practices among Immigrants in Germany." Names 69, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/names.2021.2237.
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This study investigates why some immigrants choose names for their children that are common in their home country whereas others opt for names used by natives in the host country. Drawing on the sociological literature on symbolic boundaries, the first strategy can be described as boundary-maintenance whereas the second can be classified as boundary-crossing. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study and applying bivariate and multivariate methods, two broader explanations for name-giving practices are tested: (1) cultural proximity and the permeability of the symbolic boundary between home and host country; and (2) immigrants’ levels of linguistic, structural, social, and emotional integration in the host country. Overall, the theoretical model explains the differences very satisfactorily. Whilst both sets of factors proved relevant to immigrants’ name-giving practices, the immigrants’ level of integration in the host country was less important than the cultural proximity between the origin group and host country.
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Erkut, Burak. "Germany’s Challenges: Immigration Barriers in Minds, Economic Concerns and Subjective Well Being." Migration Letters 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 468–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v13i3.297.
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The analysis aims to provide the hypothesis that the emerging anti-immigration movements in Germany made use of people’s concerns on the issues of immigration, trust in the political system of Germany and economic insecurity to find support. It shows on which ground anti-immigration movements in Germany reached popularity. The democratic deficit problem is a perceived problem in Germany. The European-level problem can be seen as rooted in Germany’s role in the EU. Three channels are identified which shape the attitude on migration: Dislike of immigrants, economic concerns and trusting other people. The analysis provides empirical evidence within a theoretical framework to a current topic in economics which was mainly restricted to people’s attitudes towards migration. Furthermore, the analysis provides empirical evidence for the corporatism hypothesis and channels shaping the attitude towards migration.
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Folmer, Jetske. "Dutch immigrants in New Zealand." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 15, no. 2 (January 1, 1992): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.15.2.01fol.
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Abstract This article contains a report of a case study on language shift and language loss in three generations of a Dutch immigrant family in New Zealand carried out in 1990/1991 (Folmer 1991). Language shift refers to the shift from Dutch to English and language loss to the loss of the mother tongue Dutch. In addition to language shift and loss, the personal linguistic history of the subjects and their (language) attitudes were examined; these topics are only discussed indirectly in this article. One first generation member, five members of the second generation and two third generation children took part in the investigation. The instruments used were an analysis of letters, an interview, a domain questionnaire, an editing test and a correction test. It was found that language shift increases with each generation. The factors education, exogamy, (language) attitudes and age also proved to be important. Furthermore, the type of domain or activity made a difference. In both the first and the second generation the degree of language loss in Dutch was rather low. Some trends in the loss process were established and certain word classes turned out to be more problematic than others.
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Jiang, Nan, and Jeanette A. J. Renema. "Immigrant–Native Disparities in Happiness among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Western European Countries: The Moderating Role of Social Capital." Journal of Aging and Health 33, no. 5-6 (February 8, 2021): 427–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264321990282.
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Objective: This study investigated native–immigrant disparities in happiness among middle-aged and older adults in Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands and the moderating role of social capital associated with such disparities. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2583 respondents aged 50 years or older from 10 origin countries from the 2015 wave of the Migrants’ Welfare State Attitudes survey were used to estimate linear regression models. Results: Older immigrants experienced different levels of happiness compared with native-born individuals. Immigrants’ socioeconomic status and other standard predictors accounted for much of the native–immigrant gap. Depending on origin countries, social capital had differential moderating roles compared to nonimmigrants. Conclusion: Immigrants were not always worse off than native-born residents; they showed a “happiness advantage” after controlling for socioeconomic status and related covariates. Social capital plays an important role in narrowing the immigrant–native gap in happiness.
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Crul, Maurice, and Jens Schneider. "Children of Turkish Immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands: The Impact of Differences in Vocational and Academic Tracking Systems." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 111, no. 6 (June 2009): 1508–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810911100602.
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Background/Context Much research is being done on Turkish immigrants and their children in Germany and the Netherlands, but almost always from a national perspective. To compare the situation, for example, regarding educational outcomes across the two countries has proved to be very difficult because of different sets, selection criteria, and time periods for statistical data on immigrant populations. However, those data, which are actually available and comparable to at least some degree, already show how strongly the differences in educational attainment and labor market integration of Turkish immigrants depend on structural and systemic differences in the ways that education is organized in Germany and the Netherlands. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study The article analyzes available data on young Turkish immigrants and native-born second generations and their educational success in the two countries with the major Turkish populations in Western Europe. It aims to direct the focus away from group background characteristics, which are actually quite similar, to the influence of institutional arrangements and the way that the educational system facilitates (or not) the educational integration of Turkish youth. Research Design The article is based on publicly collected and available data on the Turkish populations in Germany and the Netherlands. This mainly refers to the Dutch SPVA surveys and the German micro-census and Integration Survey. Conclusions/Recommendations The findings show that more than group characteristics, systemic and institutional factors can have a decisive role in promoting or hampering the educational and labor market integration of young immigrants and the native-born second generation. The greater openness of the Dutch school system to provide “long routes” and “second chances” shows its effect in significantly higher shares of Turks in higher education. On the other side, the dual system of vocational training in Germany seems to be better suited for labor market integration, especially because apprenticeships are more practice oriented and do count as work experience for later application procedures. The Dutch system also offers better opportunities for girls than does the German system. Yet, the polarization effect between “high achievement” and “failure” of only partial integration success is greater in the Netherlands, whereas the overall advancement is slower, but also less polarizing, in Germany. In this sense, each country could learn something from its neighbor regarding those aspects of the institutional and systemic setting that apparently fail to do the job well enough.
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Avramov, Dragana. "Integration of immigrants: A two way process." Stanovnistvo 47, no. 2 (2009): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv0902007a.
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This paper builds on the surveys undertaken under the FEMAGE project in eight countries (the Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Hungary, Austria, Poland, Slovenia, and Finland) among natives on attitudes about migration and immigrants, interviews in these countries with immigrant women about their migration experiences, and policy deliberations among European stakeholders about policy options for addressing needs for immigrants in ageing societies and needs for their integration in the new home country. In this paper we have chosen to first address five critical questions: ? How native and migrant women see each other? ? How is need for migration viewed? ? How is integration perceived? ? What are the perceptions and experiences of discrimination? ? Emancipation and perceptions of one's own old age, and life satisfaction Then we identify policy implications of our survey findings. Finally, we discuss policy choices and draw conclusions about needs for tailoring of integration policies based on the reflexive approach and involvement of the key policy stakeholders active in European institutions and multipliers such as international NGOs and media.
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Kunz, Johannes S. "Analyzing Educational Achievement Differences between Second-Generation Immigrants: Comparing Germany and German-Speaking Switzerland." German Economic Review 17, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 61–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12062.
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Abstract In this study, I provide evidence that the educational achievement of second- generation immigrants in German-speaking Switzerland is greater than in Germany. The impact of the first-generation immigrants’ destination decision on their offspring’s educational achievement seems to be much more important than has been recognized by the existing literature. I identify the test score gap between these students that cannot be explained by differences in individual and family characteristics. Moreover, I show how this gap evolves over the test score distribution and how the least favorably endowed students fare. My results suggest that the educational system of Switzerland, relative to the German system, enhances the performance of immigrants’ children substantially. This disparity is largest when conditioning on the language spoken at home, and prevails even when comparing only students whose parents migrated from the same country of origin.
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Minello, Alessandra, and Nicola Barban. "The Educational Expectations of Children of Immigrants in Italy." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 643, no. 1 (July 12, 2012): 78–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212442666.
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In this article, the authors investigate the short-run educational expectations and long-term educational aspirations of the children of immigrants living in Italy and attending eighth grade. The authors look at educational ambition, both as a predictor of educational choice and as a measure of social integration. They consider both secondary-school track and university goals. Data come from the ITAGEN2 survey (2005–2006). First, the authors analyze the relationship of short-run expectations and long-term aspirations to structural (e.g., migration status and country of origin) and social (e.g., family socioeconomic status and friendship ties) conditions. The latter seem to be determinants of both expectations and aspirations, but long-term educational aspirations are not associated with migration status. Second, the authors investigate the relevance of context in delineating educational attitudes. The authors performed a multilevel analysis including both individual- and school-level variables. Their results show that attending a school where most of the Italian pupils have high educational expectations may lead children of immigrants to enhance their own aspirations.
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Engzell, Per. "Aspiration Squeeze: The Struggle of Children to Positively Selected Immigrants." Sociology of Education 92, no. 1 (December 23, 2018): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038040718822573.
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Why is it that children of immigrants often outdo their ethnic majority peers in educational aspirations yet struggle to keep pace with their achievements? This article advances the explanation that many immigrant communities, while positively selected on education, still have moderate absolute levels of schooling. Therefore, parents’ education may imbue children with high expectations but not always the means to fulfill them. Swedish data on children of immigrants from over 100 countries of origin support this view: Net of parents’ absolute years of schooling, a high rank in the sending country benefits children’s aspirations, attitudes, and educational choices but not their test scores or school grades. The upshot is an ‘‘aspiration squeeze’’ where to emulate their parents’ relative place in the education distribution, children are left struggling against the momentous tide of educational expansion.
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Helbling, Marc, Felix Jäger, and Richard Traunmüller. "Muslim bias or fear of fundamentalism? A survey experiment in five Western European democracies." Research & Politics 9, no. 1 (January 2022): 205316802210884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20531680221088491.
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Several studies have shown that attitudes toward immigrants to Europe are marked by a Muslim bias. More recently, Helbling and Traunmüller (2020) have suggested that this Muslim bias is in fact driven by a religiosity bias and thus that the strength of migrant’ religiosity has a bigger effect on attitudes towards them than their nominal faith. The aim of this paper is to replicate and expand Helbling and Traunmüller with a fresh full factorial survey experiment, fielded in 2016/17. We go beyond the limitations of Helbling and Traunmüller, who study the effects of nominal faith, religiosity, and Nigerian as well as Bulgarian immigrants in Great Britain, by including Austria, Germany, France, and Switzerland to rule out idiosyncratic context effects. Moreover, we distinguish between labor migrants and refugees and include Syrian origin. For different groups of migrants in all five countries, our results confirm that the Muslim bias is mainly driven by the degree of migrants’ and refugees’ religiosity: secular and devout Muslims are viewed more positively than both Muslim and Christian fundamentalists.
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Crepaz, Markus M. L., and Regan Damron. "Constructing Tolerance." Comparative Political Studies 42, no. 3 (December 9, 2008): 437–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414008325576.
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Over the past 30 years, the hitherto rather homogeneous welfare states in Europe have been experiencing a dramatic influx of immigrants, making them much more diverse. The central purpose of the early development of the welfare state was twofold: to bridge class divisions and to mollify ethnic divisions in the vast multiethnic empires of 19th-century Germany and Austria. This research examines the impact of the programmatic and expenditure dimensions of the welfare state on attitudes of natives across modern publics, theorizing that nativist resentment and welfare chauvinism should be reduced in more comprehensive welfare systems. Individual, aggregate, and multilevel analyses reveal that the more comprehensive the welfare state is, the more tolerant natives are of immigrants, indicating that contemporary welfare states have a similar capacity to bridge ethnic divisions as their 19th-century incarnations.
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Alarcón, Amado, and Luis Garzón. "Children of immigrants and social mobility in officially bilingual societies." Spanish in Context 10, no. 1 (April 5, 2013): 92–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.10.1.04ala.
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This article analyses the role of language in the intra- and intergenerational social mobility of Argentinean, Colombian and Moroccan immigrants in Catalonia, an officially bilingual society. We start from the notion that the knowledge and use of and attachment to local languages are affected by the range and importance of opportunities for social mobility offered by the host society. Empirical evidence is based on 45 biographical interviews with members of first generation immigrant groups and their children (raised in Catalonia and currently living outside the family home). We show that the attitudes towards and use of the Catalan language depend on expectations and constraints with regard to upward social mobility. This article questions the causal relationship between languages spoken and job opportunities, postulated by means of the theory of human capital whereby language is only considered as a competitive advantage on the basis of its communicative value.
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Würbel, Iris, and Patricia Kanngiesser. "Pre-schoolers’ images, intergroup attitudes, and liking of refugee peers in Germany." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): e0280759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280759.
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There is extensive research on children’s intergroup attitudes, but their perceptions of refugee children have rarely been studied. We conducted a study with 5- and 6-year-old children (N = 60) in Germany following the arrival of unprecedented large numbers of refugees in 2015 and 2016. Children completed a set of three tasks that measured their perceptions of refugee children (minority group) and German children (majority group): a draw-a-typical-child task (including questions about whether participants wanted to interact with the depicted child), an intergroup attitude task, and a liking task. Results indicate that participants drew similar pictures of and had similar intentions to interact with refugee children and German children. There was mixed evidence for group favouritism: while participants showed similar explicit attitudes towards German and refugee peers, they indicated more liking of German peers. Moreover, children viewed refugee children as a less variable (more homogeneous) group than German children. Opportunities for intergroup contact with refugee peers (i.e., whether participants attended kindergartens with or without refugee children) had no discernible effect on any of the measures. Our findings provide a snapshot of children’s perceptions of refugees in a unique historical context and contribute to research on the development of intergroup attitudes in real-world settings.
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Wells, Ryan. "Children of Immigrants and Educational Expectations: The Roles of School Composition." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 112, no. 6 (June 2010): 1679–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811011200602.
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Background/Context Many children of immigrants are not enrolled in high schools that sufficiently meet their needs, and subsequently, many are not making a successful transition to, and/or successfully completing, higher education. As immigration grows in the United States, educators and policy makers must understand how the educational processes for children of immigrants differ from nonimmigrants. Because expectations for higher education are a necessary, though insufficient, step toward college attendance and degree attainment, and because students have these attitudes influenced by the schools they attend, I examine high school composition for its effects on educational expectations and how compositional effects differ between children of immigrants and nonimmigrants. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This study intends to be another step on the path toward understanding the educational processes of children of immigrants specifically, and of all students more broadly, as the immigrant population grows in U.S. schools. Toward those ends, this study is based on two overarching research questions: (1) How do the immigrant compositions of U.S. secondary schools affect the educational expectations of all students? (2) How do the compositions of U.S. secondary schools affect the educational expectations of children of immigrants differently than nonimmigrant students? Research Design The research questions are addressed via secondary data analysis using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study (ELS:2002/2004), which were collected by the National Center for Education Statistics. I explore school composition effects on a binary dependent variable indicating whether a 12th-grade student expects to complete a graduate or professional degree. This study emphasizes a critical-quantitative approach by demonstrating that common theories and assumptions about educational expectations may be inaccurate for children of immigrants in today's schools. Conclusions/Recommendations Results show that children of immigrants are affected differently by school composition than are nonimmigrants, and in ways that contradict commonly accepted theoretical views. Specifically, this analysis demonstrates that comparative and normative theories of school effects are not accurate for children of immigrants, at least not to the same degree as they are for nonimmigrants. This is a reminder to researchers and practitioners alike that subgroups of students, in this case the children of immigrants, may not be affected by schools in similar ways.
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Aronowitz, Michael. "Adjustment of Immigrant Children as a Function of Parental Attitudes to Change." International Migration Review 26, no. 1 (March 1992): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600105.
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This study examined the relationship between the adjustment in school of immigrant children and their parents’ attitudes to social change and new experiences. The subjects were 51 Jewish children between the ages of six and fifteen, all born in the former Soviet Union and immigrants to the United States, and a comparison group of 51 American-born Jewish children attending the same parochial school in San Francisco. Parental attitudes to social change and new experiences were found to be significant predictors of the adjustment in school of both immigrant and native children, even when the effects of parental education, family SES, and children's age, intelligence, English language competence and immigrant/native status were held constant. Parental attitudes to social change and new experience were not found to be differentially associated with adjustment for immigrant as opposed to native children. An interaction was found between the gender of the parent holding the set of attitudes toward change and new experiences, and the differential adjustment of sons and daughters.
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Taylor-Gooby, Peter, Bjørn Hvinden, Steffen Mau, Benjamin Leruth, Mi Ah Schoyen, and Adrienn Gyory. "Moral economies of the welfare state: A qualitative comparative study." Acta Sociologica 62, no. 2 (June 13, 2018): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699318774835.
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This paper uses innovative democratic forums carried out in Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom to examine people’s ideas about welfare-state priorities and future prospects. We use a moral economy framework in the context of regime differences and the move towards neo-liberalism across Europe. Broadly speaking, attitudes reflect regime differences, with distinctive emphasis on reciprocity and the value of work in Germany, inclusion and equality in Norway, and individual responsibility and the work-ethic in the UK. Neo-liberal market-centred ideas appear to have made little headway in regard to popular attitudes, except in the already liberal-leaning UK. There is also a striking assumption by UK participants that welfare is threatened externally by immigrants who take jobs from established workers and internally by the work-shy who undermine the work-ethic. A key role of the welfare state is repressive rather than enabling: to protect against threats to well-being rather than provide benefits for citizens. UK participants also anticipate major decline in state provision. In all three countries there is strong support for continuing and expanding social investment policies, but for different reasons: to enable contribution in Germany, to promote equality and mobility in Norway, and to facilitate self-responsibility in the UK.
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Alarian, Hannah M. "Cause or Consequence?" German Politics and Society 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2020.380203.
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Does a far-right electoral victory change mainstream support for migration policy? Although we know how migration can shape support for the far-right, we know little about the inverse. This article addresses this question, exploring whether an Alternative for Germany (AfD) candidate’s election changes non-far-right voter attitudes toward migration policies. In combining the German Longitudinal Election Study Short-Term Campaign panel with federal electoral returns, I find the AfD’s 2017 success significantly altered migration attitudes. Specifically, policy support for immigration and asylum declined precipitously where an AfD candidate won the plurality of first votes. Yet these voters were also more likely to support multicultural policies for current immigrants. Successful AfD candidates therefore appear to enable both an endorsement of xenophobic rhetoric and a rejection of cultural assimilation.
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Röder, Antje, and Marcel Lubbers. "After migration: Acculturation of attitudes towards homosexuality among Polish immigrants in Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands and the UK." Ethnicities 16, no. 2 (April 2016): 261–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796815616153.
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Miani, Céline, Oliver Razum, and Jacob Spallek. "Health of the offspring of immigrants: the BaBi birth cohort study." Public Health Forum 27, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2019-0062.
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Abstract Children with a migration background are more at risk of health-related problems than those without a migration background. The German health system still does not adequately meet the challenges of on increasingly heterogeneous population, not least due to a lack of adequate epidemiological data and models. The BaBi study contributes to gaining new insights in the development of health inequalities due to cultural diversity in Germany, with a focus on pregnancy and early childhood.
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Diehl, Claudia, and Christian Hunkler. "Vaccination-related attitudes and behavior across birth cohorts: Evidence from Germany." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 14, 2022): e0263871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263871.
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We use German KiGGS data to add to existing knowledge about trends in vaccination-related attitudes and behavior. Looking at vaccinations against measles, we assess whether a low confidence in vaccination and vaccination complacency is particularly prevalent among parents whose children were born somewhat recently, as compared to parents whose children belong to earlier birth cohorts. We further analyze how these attitudes relate to vaccination rates in the corresponding birth cohorts, and which sociodemographic subgroups are more likely to have vaccination-hesitant attitudes and to act upon them. Results show that the share of parents who report “deliberate” reasons against vaccination has decreased across birth cohorts; at the same time, the children of these parents have become less likely to be vaccinated. This suggests that vaccination-hesitant parents became more willing to act upon their beliefs towards the turn of the millennium. Regarding efforts to convince parents and the public about the benefits of vaccination, the number of parents who think that vaccinations have serious side effects, or that it is better for a child to live through a disease, may have become smaller—but these parents are more determined to follow their convictions. Interestingly, the trend we describe started before the Internet became a widespread source of health-related information.
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Berggren, Niclas, Martin Ljunge, and Therese Nilsson. "Roots of tolerance among second-generation immigrants." Journal of Institutional Economics 15, no. 6 (July 3, 2019): 999–1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137419000316.
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AbstractTolerance – respecting individual choice and differences among people – is a prominent feature of modern European culture. That immigrants embrace this kind of liberal value is arguably important for integration, a central policy goal. We provide a rigorous study of what factors in the ancestral countries of second-generation immigrants – including formal and informal institutions – predict their level of tolerance towards gay people. Using the epidemiological method allows us to rule out reverse causality. Out of the 46 factors examined, one emerges as very robust: a Muslim ancestral background. Tolerance towards gay people is lower the larger the share of Muslims in the country from which the parents emigrated. An instrumental-variable analysis shows that the main mechanism is not through the individual being a Muslim, but through the individual being highly religious. Two additional attitudes among people in the ancestral country (valuing children being tolerant and respectful, and valuing children taking responsibility), as well as impartial institutions in the ancestral country, predict higher individual tolerance. Our findings thus point to an important role for both formal- and informal-institutional background factors in shaping tolerance.
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Šilėnienė, Birutė, and Viktorija Koblova. "LIETUVIŲ IMIGRANTŲ VAIKŲ INTEGRACIJOS PROBLEMOS NORVEGIJOJE [INTEGRATION PROBLEMS OF LITHUANIAN IMMIGRANTS' CHILDREN IN NORWAY]." ŠVIETIMAS: POLITIKA, VADYBA, KOKYBĖ / EDUCATION POLICY, MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY 9, no. 3 (December 25, 2017): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/spvk-epmq/17.9.114.
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The regaining of Lithuania’s independence has broadly opened its borders to emigration of compatriots. Various reasons make Lithuanians leave their homeland and look for happiness abroad. Recently, more and more people are discussing about Lithuanian families’ immigration to Scandinavian countries, and in particular to Norway. Therefore, the problem of this article is based on the notion, that the families of Lithuanian emigrants and their children who are in a foreign country, in a foreign social environment, must adapt and integrate. However the problems they face require not only help of family members and other relatives, but also state intervention and assistance which is not is always effective or insufficiently implemented to provide full benefits to immigrants. On the other hand, it can be assumed that immigrants are not sufficiently interested to get the benefits from the assistance and services that those institutions can provide. Therefore, this study examined the main problems of the integration of Lithuanian immigrant children in Norway and what actions of Lithuanian immigrants are leading to successful integration of their children. Experiences of the study of the integration of Lithuanian emigrant families and children in Norway revealed that at the beginning of integration, despite immigration positivity’s (a better education system, better perspectives for the future of children), problems such as language barriers, negative attitudes towards them, ignorance of the functioning of the social system are encountered. These problems could be avoided by the need to learn the Norwegian language quickly, using relatives, friends and neighbors and local communities, actively communicating and cooperating with educational institutions, participation in public life and the support of certain state social institutions. Keywords: emigration / immigration, immigrants, integration problems, help for immigrants.
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Marek, Sophia. "Refugees in Germany: Amongst Culture of Welcome and Xenophobia." International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies 2, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/ijiis.vol2.iss2.2019.452.
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The refugee crisis in Germany is a part of the European migrant crisis in connection with the immigration of high numbers of people arriving in the European Union (EU) from across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. This period reached its’ summit in 2015/2016 with over a million protection seekers arriving in Germany.The high influx of protection seekers in such a short time has caused a social debate in Germany on how to handle the high numbers of immigrants and arrange the political asylum. There are different views on the reception of migrants that range from the culture of welcome to xenophobia. This can be observed in the society, where a part of the population gets involved with the refugees’ integration, whereas another (increasing) part foments anti-immigrant sentiments. Between those beliefs, many different attitudes and behaviors towards refugees can be found.This article discusses the situation of refugees and asylum seekers in Germany, concerning the divided opinions reaching from a culture of welcome to xenophobia. It addresses the transformation that Germany is currently undergoing and gives several examples of incidents of and against refugees that affect the mindset of the German population.
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Lu, Pei Hua. "“Gossip makes us one”." Media and communication as antecedents to the transformation agenda in Malaysia 25, no. 2 (December 7, 2015): 279–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.25.2.10lu.
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Intergroup marriage has been widely used as an indicator to predict the social integration of immigrants. The assumption is that higher rates of intergroup marriage represent more harmonious outcome of an integrated society. As compared to the U.S., first and 1.5 generation immigrants in Canada have been found to be less likely to intermarry, and their cultural preference of a spouse of the same race/ethnicity has been argued to be the key factor. However, the process of how these immigrants’ cultural preference is maintained in a multicultural context requires exploration. This study elaborates on the role of gossip in the process of the maintaining of ethnic boundaries among recent immigrants using the case of Taiwanese immigrants in Canada. With an examination of their attitudes toward intergroup marriage, the results of the role of gossip indicate, 1) the seemingly impermeable ethnic boundaries established by recent immigrants can be challenged and modified through gossip, and 2) gossip makes the process of integration possible along both horizontal (i.e., coethnic peer of the same cohort) and vertical (i.e., parents to children and vice versa) axis within the same race/ethnic group of immigrants.
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Homola, Jonathan, and Margit Tavits. "Contact Reduces Immigration-Related Fears for Leftist but Not for Rightist Voters." Comparative Political Studies 51, no. 13 (November 24, 2017): 1789–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414017740590.
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How does contact with nonnatives affect immigration-related fears? While there is strong general support for the argument that intergroup contact decreases intergroup prejudice and fear, previous research arrives at mixed conclusions when applying this argument to the study of natives’ attitudes toward immigrants. We propose that people’s preexisting partisan affinities condition the effect of contact, which may explain the mixed findings. Building on the literature on motivated reasoning, we argue that contact reduces immigration-related threats among leftist voters, but have a threat-increasing or no effect among rightist voters. We find support for our argument using original surveys conducted in two very different contexts: the United States and Germany.
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Marks, Amy K., John L. McKenna, and Cynthia Garcia Coll. "National Immigration Receiving Contexts." European Psychologist 23, no. 1 (January 2018): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000311.
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Abstract. Extraordinary increases in refugee and voluntary migration have recently been observed in many European and North American countries. At the same time, negative attitudes toward immigrants and unfavorable immigration-related policy changes are promoting national climates of increased discrimination, fear of deportation, and experiences of income and education inequality among many immigrant origin youth and families. This paper considers how national receiving contexts, in particular the efficacy of national immigration integration policies and markers of national attitudes toward immigrants, can shape both native-born youth and immigrant and refugee youth well-being. Using an ecological framework, we draw from the recent empirical literature and three sources of international policy and child well-being data, to assess how national receiving contexts matter for native-born children and immigrant youth adaptation. Results indicate strong linkages among the macro-level contexts of multicultural policies and positive integration approaches with overall child well-being. More favorable immigrant national attitudes, and the more micro-level perceptions of discrimination and xenophobia, also matter tremendously for immigrant and refugee youth adaptation and health outcomes.
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Ou, Yiyun, and Lidia Taillefer. "sociolinguistic perspective on language competency of ´Chinese children in Spain." HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 11, Monográfico (December 21, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v11.4198.
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As second generation immigrants, children of Chinese origin in Spain confront a complicated linguistic setting. The objective of this comparative sociolinguistic research, with the participation of 160 children of Chinese origin, is to analyze their sociolinguistic situation in Malaga (Spain), including both external and internal factors (i.e., socio-economic status, education level, language attitudes, identity, motivations, etc.) that affect their linguistic competency and learning. Our methodology is based on quantitative and qualitative data from questionnaires, observations, tests and interviews to explain the linguistic patterns of immigrant children. Tests were completed also by 40 Spanish children and by 40 native Chinese children.
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Tevlina, Victoria V. "Migration of children from northwest Russia to northern Norway in the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s." Polar Record 48, no. 3 (May 16, 2012): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247411000611.
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ABSTRACTThe present article focuses on children from Russia, who immigrated to the northern part of Norway in the end of the 1990s and in the first decade of the 21st century. The Russian immigration to north Norway is particularly strong, and therefore it is an obvious choice to focus on this group if one wishes to study Russian immigration to Norway. By studying the immigrants in Sør-Varanger, will we discover some objective tendencies and peculiarities of adaption of Russian immigrants in Norway at large? Attention to children-immigrants’ life in school and outside school, their friendships, their contacts with their homeland and attitudes toward future work, allows us to understand their position, views and level of mutual understanding with those people who surround them in the new country. In the present article special attention is also paid to the parents, first and foremost the mothers, who brought the children to north Norway, and their opinions about the welfare of their children in the new country as well as their own well-being. In many ways these children and their mothers from northwest Russia make a shining example of a successful establishment of a new life style in a foreign country. One may ask, however, is it too successful?