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Journal articles on the topic 'Children's phonemic awareness'
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AINSWORTH, STEPHANIE, STEPHEN WELBOURNE, and ANNE HESKETH. "Lexical restructuring in preliterate children: Evidence from novel measures of phonological representation." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 4 (September 1, 2015): 997–1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716415000338.
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ABSTRACTThere is substantial debate in the literature surrounding the development of children's phonological representations (PRs). Although infant studies have shown children's representations to contain fine phonetic detail, a consensus is yet to be reached about how and when phonemic categories emerge. This study used novel implicit PR measures with preschool children (n= 38, aged 3 years, 6 months to 4 years, 6 months) to test predictions made by these competing accounts of PR development. The measures were designed to probe PR segmentation at the phoneme (rather than the phone) level without requiring an explicit awareness of phonemes. The results provide evidence in support of vocabulary driven restructuring, with PR segmentation found to be related to vocabulary when controlling for age.
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SAIEGH-HADDAD, ELINOR. "Linguistic constraints on children's ability to isolate phonemes in Arabic." Applied Psycholinguistics 28, no. 4 (September 28, 2007): 607–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716407070336.
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The study tested the effect of three factors on Arab children's (N=256) phoneme isolation: phoneme's linguistic affiliation (standard phonemes vs. spoken phonemes), phoneme position (initial vs. final), and linguistic context (singleton vs. cluster). Two groups of children speaking two different vernaculars were tested. The two vernaculars differed with respect to whether they included four critical Standard Arabic phonemes. Using a repeated-measure design, we tested children's phonemic sensitivity toward these four phonemes versus other phonemes. The results showed that the linguistic affiliation of the phoneme was reliable in explaining phoneme isolation reaffirming, hence the external validity of the linguistic affiliation constraint in explaining phoneme awareness in diglossic Arabic. The results also showed that initial phonemes and initial singleton phonemes were particularly difficult for children to isolate. These findings were discussed in light of a stipulated unique phonological and orthographic cohesion of the consonant–vowel unit in Arabic.
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Mayo, Catherine, James M. Scobbie, Nigel Hewlett, and Daphne Waters. "The Influence of Phonemic Awareness Development on Acoustic Cue Weighting Strategies in Children's Speech Perception." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 5 (October 2003): 1184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/092).
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In speech perception, children give particular patterns of weight to different acoustic cues (their cue weighting). These patterns appear to change with increased linguistic experience. Previous speech perception research has found a positive correlation between more analytical cue weighting strategies and the ability to consciously think about and manipulate segment-sized units (phonemic awareness). That research did not, however, aim to address whether the relation is in any way causal or, if so, then in which direction possible causality might move. Causality in this relation could move in 1 of 2 ways: Either phonemic awareness development could impact on cue weighting strategies or changes in cue weighting could allow for the later development of phonemic awareness. The aim of this study was to follow the development of these 2 processes longitudinally to determine which of the above 2 possibilities was more likely. Five-year-old children were tested 3 times in 7 months on their cue weighting strategies for a /so/-/∫o/ contrast, in which the 2 cues manipulated were the frequency of fricative spectrum and the frequency of vowel-onset formant transitions. The children were also tested at the same time on their phoneme segmentation and phoneme blending skills. Results showed that phonemic awareness skills tended to improve before cue weighting changed and that early phonemic awareness ability predicted later cue weighting strategies. These results suggest that the development of metaphonemic awareness may play some role in changes in cue weighting.
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GOETRY, VINCENT, SATSUKY URBAIN, JOSÉ MORAIS, and RÉGINE KOLINSKY. "Paths to phonemic awareness in Japanese: Evidence from a training study." Applied Psycholinguistics 26, no. 2 (April 2005): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716405050186.
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Although phonemic awareness does not usually develop outside the acquisition of alphabetic reading, nonnegligible phoneme manipulation abilities have been reported in Japanese fourth graders who knew only thekana, nonalphabetic, writing system. The present contribution explored whether some characteristics of this system may facilitate phonemic awareness in Japanese children. In two distinct training studies, the pre- and posttest phonemic awareness abilities of three groups were compared, one trained with explicit reference to some organizational aspects of the kana matrix, one trained without such reference, and one control. Training was effective in both studies, especially when displaying explicit reference to the kana system. Some features of this system thus seem helpful in drawing Japanese children's attention to phonemic constituents.
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NITTROUER, SUSAN, and JOANNA H. LOWENSTEIN. "Separating the effects of acoustic and phonetic factors in linguistic processing with impoverished signals by adults and children." Applied Psycholinguistics 35, no. 2 (October 22, 2012): 333–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716412000410.
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ABSTRACTCochlear implants allow many individuals with profound hearing loss to understand spoken language, even though the impoverished signals provided by these devices poorly preserve acoustic attributes long believed to support recovery of phonetic structure. Consequently, questions may be raised regarding whether traditional psycholinguistic theories rely too heavily on phonetic segments to explain linguistic processing while ignoring potential roles of other forms of acoustic structure. This study tested that possibility. Adults and children (8 years old) performed two tasks: one involving explicit segmentation, phonemic awareness, and one involving a linguistic task thought to operate more efficiently with well-defined phonetic segments, short-term memory. Stimuli were unprocessed (UP) signals, amplitude envelopes (AE) analogous to implant signals, and unprocessed signals in noise (NOI) that provided a degraded signal for comparison. Adults’ results for short-term recall were similar for UP and NOI, but worse for AE stimuli. The phonemic awareness task revealed the opposite pattern across AE and NOI. Children's results for short-term recall showed similar decrements in performance for AE and NOI compared to UP, even though only NOI stimuli showed diminished results for segmentation. Conclusions were that perhaps traditional accounts are too focused on phonetic segments, something implant designers and clinicians need to consider.
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VERHOEVEN, LUDO. "Early bilingualism, language transfer, and phonological awareness." Applied Psycholinguistics 28, no. 3 (June 11, 2007): 425–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716407070233.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between early bilingualism and phonological awareness in a sample of 75 Turkish–Dutch bilingual kindergarten children living in The Netherlands. In a longitudinal design, the children's first (L1) and second (L2) language abilities were measured at the beginning and end of kindergarten. At the end of kindergarten, the children's metalinguistic skills within the domain of phonological awareness were also assessed. Linear structural equation modeling was used to examine the types of intralingual (language-specific) and interlingual (language-transfer) processes over time. In addition, just how the patterns of bilingual development related to the children's later phonological awareness was examined. Turkish was found to be the dominant language on both measurement occasions. In addition to the expected longitudinal relations, there was evidence for transfer from L1 to L2. Two interrelated phonological factors emerged: phonotactic awareness and phonemic awareness. Variation in the two types of children's phonological awareness was predicted by both L1 and L2 abilities.
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Gromko, Joyce Eastlund. "The Effect of Music Instruction on Phonemic Awareness in Beginning Readers." Journal of Research in Music Education 53, no. 3 (October 2005): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002242940505300302.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether music instruction was related to significant gains in the development of young children's phonemic awareness, particularly in their phoneme-segmentation fluency. Beginning in January 2004 and continuing through the end of April 2004, each of four intact classrooms of kindergarten children ( n= 43) from one elementary school were taught music by one of four advanced music-methods students from a nearby university. Kindergarten children ( n= 60) at a second elementary school served as the control group. An analysis of the data revealed that kindergarten children who received 4 months of music instruction showed significantly greater gains in development of their phoneme segmentation fluency when compared to children who did not receive music instruction, t=−3.52, df= 101, p= .001. The results support a near-transfer hypothesis that active music-making and the association of sound with developmentally appropriate symbols may develop cognitive processes similar to those needed for segmentation of a spoken word into its phonemes.December 14, 2004August 1, 2005
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SAIEGH–HADDAD, ELINOR. "Linguistic distance and initial reading acquisition: The case of Arabic diglossia." Applied Psycholinguistics 24, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 431–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716403000225.
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The study examined phonemic awareness and pseudoword decoding in kindergarten and first grade Arabic native children. Because native speakers of Arabic first learn to read in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), a language structurally distinct from the local form of the language they grow up speaking, it was hypothesized that the linguistic differences between the two varieties, the so-called diglossic variables, would interfere with the acquisition of basic reading processes in MSA. Two diglossic variables were examined: phoneme and word syllabic structure. The children's phoneme isolation and pseudoword decoding skills were tested. The results showed that both diglossic variables interfered with the children's performance of both tasks in both grades. The findings support the role of linguistic distance in the acquisition of basic reading processes in a diglossic context.
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Treiman, Rebecca. "Phonemic awareness and spelling: Children's judgments do not always agree with adults'." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 39, no. 1 (February 1985): 182–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(85)90035-9.
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Oller, D. Kimbrough, Alan B. Cobo-Lewis, and Rebecca E. Eilers. "Phonological translation in bilingual and monolingual children." Applied Psycholinguistics 19, no. 2 (April 1998): 259–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400010067.
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AbstractBilingual children face a variety of challenges that their monolingual peers do not. For instance, switching between languages requires the phonological translation of proper names, a skill that requires mapping the phonemic units of one language onto the phonemic units of the other. Proficiency of phonological awareness has been linked to reading success, but little information is available about phonological awareness across multiple phonologies. Furthermore, the relationship between this kind of phonological awareness and reading has never been addressed. The current study investigated phonological translation using a task designed to measure children's ability to map one phonological system onto another. A total of 425 kindergarten and second grade monolingual and bilingual students were evaluated. The results suggest that monolinguals generally performed poorly. Bilinguals translated real names more accurately than fictitious names, in both directions. Correlations between phonological translation and measures of reading ability were moderate, but reliable. Phonological translation is proposed as a tool with which to evaluate phonological awareness through the perspective of children who live with two languages and two attendant phonemic systems.
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Özen Altınkaynak, Şenay. "The Effect of Interactive Book Reading Activities on Children's Print and Phonemic Awareness Skills." International Journal of Progressive Education 15, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2019.184.6.
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Gombert, Jean Emile. "What do Children Do when they Fail to Count Phonemes?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 19, no. 4 (December 1996): 757–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549601900405.
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An analysis of children's responses in phoneme counting tasks provides a way of accessing their conception of the smallest phonological unit. Thus, in order to understand the development of phonological awareness, the types of errors children make in these tasks were analysed. A group of 5to 6-year-olds (preliterate), a group of 6to 7-year-olds (grade 1), a group of 7to 8-year-olds (grade 2), and a group of 6to 7-year-olds who, after 4 months of learning to read, were unable to decode new words were presented a task that involved counting phonemes in words and nonwords. In addition to description of the emergence of the ability to focus on phonemic segments, our interest was in analysing the incorrect responses, including the possible types of segmentation as a function of the pronunciation of the items. Nonliterate subjects (preliterate children or nonreaders from grade 1) counted syllables; the beginning readers (grade 1) often failed to analyse the onset or the rime of the syllables into phonemes. Therefore, they appeared to be using an analysis that was intermediate between onset-rime segments and phonemes. The older children (grade 2) tended to count letters as opposed to phonemes, producing more than one tap for a digraph.
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Rauscher, Frances H., and Sean C. Hinton. "Music Instruction and its Diverse Extra-Musical Benefits." Music Perception 29, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2011.29.2.215.
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this article provides an overview of our research , including studies yet unpublished, on the effects of music on cognition. Music instruction can enhance children's spatial-temporal reasoning, numerical reasoning, and phonemic awareness. Longitudinal studies of middle-income and economically disadvantaged preschoolers reveal that children who receive music instruction prior to age 7 show improved performance on spatial-temporal and numerical reasoning tasks compared to children in control groups—effects that persist for two years after the intervention ends. Three additional studies suggest that teacher gender may influence these transfer effects in children. Our studies also show improved perceptual discrimination as a function of music training: adult string players have lower than average pitch discrimination thresholds, whereas adult percussionists have lower than average temporal discrimination thresholds. These effects are strongest for musicians who begin their training before age 7. Related to these improvements in perceptual discrimination, children provided with violin instruction perform better than controls on tasks measuring phonemic awareness, a skill that correlates strongly with pitch discrimination and is related to reading acquisition.
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ARNQVIST, ANDERS. "The impact of consonant clusters on preschool children's phonemic awareness: A comparison between readers and nonreaders." Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 33, no. 1 (March 1992): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1992.tb00810.x.
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Peterson, Margareth E., and Leonard P. Haines. "Orthographic Analogy Training with Kindergarten Children: Effects on Analogy Use, Phonemic Segmentation, and Letter-Sound Knowledge." Journal of Reading Behavior 24, no. 1 (March 1992): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862969209547764.
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This study investigated the effect of teaching children orthographic analogies based on onset and rime units (words that rhyme). Forty-eight kindergarten children were selected for the study and classified as high, middle, or low segmenters based on their performance on the Test of Awareness of Language Segments (TALS) (Sawyer, 1987). Pretraining and posttraining measures consisted of segmentation ability, letter-sound knowledge, and reading words by analogy. Although the experimental group showed significant gains on each measure over no-training controls, analogy training affected children differently depending upon their prior segmentation level. Low segmenters gained most in segmentation ability with small, but significant, effects in letter-sound knowledge. Middle and high segmenters showed greatest improvement in their ability to perform the word reading by analogy task and in their letter-sound knowledge. This study provides support for a role for onset and rime units in beginning reading and may indicate how rhymes contribute to children's awareness of phonemes.
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Wood, Clare. "The Contribution of Analogical Problem Solving and Phonemic Awareness to Children's Ability to Make Orthographic Analogies when Reading." Educational Psychology 19, no. 3 (September 1999): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341990190303.
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Belova, Olena. "The study of the instrumental aggression in the junior schoolchildren with the disordered speech development." International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies 3, no. 2 (December 29, 2016): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5095.
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The article deals with one of the most important problems of modern life − children's aggression, which becomes apparent in passively-aggressive, emotionally-destructive behavior and also as a result of physical and verbal insults at school, social-living space, in the child's close surrounding – family, game surroundings, etc. The presence of aggression in the child's behavior is always the reason of great problems in the process of communication, but the aggressive tendencies aren't to be evaluated only as negative phenomenon. Aggression can rise as well as subside on the background of the child's activity increase. It can become apparent occasionally in all children and it can indicate the kind of child's personal sphere disorder. Thus, aggression can help a child to develop the spirit of initiative. However, it can provoke reticence and hostility as well. The detailed analysis of the scientific theoretical approaches as for the determination of aggression gives the reasons to confirm that the majority of modern and classical scientists have analyzed the concept of aggression from two points of view: "the aggression" is any form of behavior aimed to the insult, doing harm to another living being, or "the aggression" is one of the forms of activeness, which can have positive or negative manifestation. That's why our investigation is dedicated to the analysis of the children's aggression from two points of view: positive phenomenon, which corresponds to the vital interest, self-defense, as well as negative, which corresponds to the cause of some suffering (harm) to any person or oneself. According to the results of the summary of the scientific methods, three types of aggression and six subtypes of aggression, and also their symptoms were found out: self-controlled types of aggression include controlled and completed subtypes of aggression; latent type – protective and depressive; behavioral type – demonstrative and physical. There have been discoveries of sides of aggression and the level of aggression shown in the children with normal physical and psychological development and also in the children with phonetic speech disorders (henceforth we use abbreviation: phonetic speech disorders – PSD), phonetic-phonemic speech disorders (henceforth we use abbreviation: phonetic-phonemic speech disorders – PPSD) and mildly manifested general speech disorders (henceforth we use abbreviation: mild general speech disorders– MGSD). The dependence between the level of speech disorders and peculiarities of different types and subtypes of aggression in the tested junior schoolchildren with normal speech, with PSD, with PPSD and with MGSD is determined. The general level of aggression awareness in junior pupils with normal and disordered speech is studied.
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Watson, Maggie, and Rodney Gabel. "Speech-Language Pathologists' Attitudes and Practices Regarding the Assessment of Children's Phonemic Awareness Skills: Results of a National Survey." Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders 29, Fall (October 2002): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/cicsd_29_f_173.
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Pratiwi, Anggia Suci, Rikha Surtika Dewi, and Asti Tri Lestari. "PSIKOEDUKASI KESADARAN FONOLOGI DI PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI KOTA TASIKMALAYA." EARLY CHILDHOOD : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN 2, no. 2a (November 30, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35568/earlychildhood.v2i2a.284.
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ABSTRAK
Makalah ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang bertujuan mengimplementasikan psikoedukasi kesadaran fonologi di sekolah dasar. Psikoedukasi kesadaran fonologi merupakan pelatihan yang mengembangkan sensitivitas anak terhadap struktur bunyi. Psikoedukasi ini dilakukan sebagai upaya stimulasi dan optimalisasi terhadap potensi berbahasa yang dimiliki anak sesuai dengan tahap perkembangannya dan memberikan layanan, serta bimbingan yang dibutuhkan anak dalam melewati tahap-tahap periode sensitif yang dilaluinya dengan cara menggunakan berbagai aktivitas praakademik untuk mengembangkan kesadaran fonologi.
Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode observasi dan wawancara dengan guru. Observasi dilakukan di dalam kelas untuk melihat kesadaran fonologi anak. Upaya guru dalam pengembangan kesadaran fonologi anak didapatkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan secara langsung. Setelah dilakukan observasi dan wawancara, selanjutnya dilaksanakan psikoedukasi kesadaran fonologi kepada siswa dan guru.
Pemilihan metode yang akan digunakan dalam psikoedukasi pada anak dapat disesuaikan dengan tingkat usia anak. Deteksi aliterasi dan deteksi fonem tunggal relatif mudah bagi anak, yaitu untuk mengenali bunyi silabel awal yang sama (pada purwakanti) dan bunyi silabel akhir yang sama (pada sajak) dari kata-kata yang disajikan. Adapun teknik psikoedukasi dapat melalui lagu anak yang bersajak ataupun melalui kegiatan berpantun. Metode dengan tingkat yang lebih sulit yang dapat digunakan seperti metode deteksi fonem tunggal; di sini tingkat kesulitannya sudah meningkat, karena anak harus mengenali unit bunyi yang lebih kecil daripada silebel. Apabila keterampilan tersebut telah dikuasai, lebih lanjut anak dapat diberi pelatihan dengan metode yang semakin tinggi tingkat kesulitannya seperti metode ketukan fonem.
Kata Kunci: Psikoedukasi, Kesadaran Fonologi, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.
ABSTRACT
This paper is the result of a study aimed at implementing psychoeducation in phonological awareness in primary schools. Psychoeducation of phonological awareness is a training to develop children's sensitivity to the sound structure. This psychoeducation serves to stimulate and optimize the language potential of children according to the stage of development, to provide services and to provide guidance that children need to go through the sensitive stage in which they use various preschool activities to develop phonological awareness.
The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach using descriptive methods. The data collection technique in this study is the observation method and interviews with the teacher. Observations were carried out in the classroom to see the phonological awareness of the child. Teacher's efforts in developing children's phonological awareness achieved through interviews and direct observation. After conducting observations and interviews, then psychoeducation phonological awareness was carried out to students and teachers.
The selection of methods to be used in psychoeducation in children can be adjusted to the age level of the child. Alliteration detection and detection of single phonemes are relatively easy for children to recognize, namely the same initial syllable sound (in purwakanti) and the same final syllable sound (in poetry) of the words presented. The psychoeducation technique can consist of children's songs which are poetry, or dance activities. More difficult level methods can be used such as single-phonemic detection methods; here the level of difficulty has increased as the child has to recognize a sound unit that is smaller than the silebel. If these skills have been mastered, furthermore the child can be given training with methods that increase the level of difficulty such as the phoneme knock method.
Kata Kunci: Psychoeducation, Phonological Awareness, Early Childhood Education
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CAN, DILARA DENIZ, MARIKA GINSBURG-BLOCK, ROBERTA MICHNICK GOLINKOFF, and KATHRYN HIRSH-PASEK. "A long-term predictive validity study: Can the CDI Short Form be used to predict language and early literacy skills four years later?" Journal of Child Language 40, no. 4 (July 31, 2012): 821–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500091200030x.
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ABSTRACTThis longitudinal study examined the predictive validity of the MacArthur Communicative Developmental Inventories-Short Form (CDI-SF), a parent report questionnaire about children's language development (Fenson, Pethick, Renda, Cox, Dale & Reznick, 2000). Data were first gathered from parents on the CDI-SF vocabulary scores for seventy-six children (mean age=1 ; 10). Four years later (mean age=6 ; 1), children were assessed on language outcomes (expressive vocabulary, syntax, semantics and pragmatics) and code-related skills, including phonemic awareness, word recognition and decoding skills. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that early expressive vocabulary accounted for 17% of the variance in picture vocabulary, 11% of the variance in syntax, and 7% of the variance in semantics, while not accounting for any variance in pragmatics in kindergarten. CDI-SF scores did not predict code-related skills in kindergarten. The importance of early vocabulary skills for later language development and CDI-SF as a valuable research tool are discussed.
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Wise, Barbara W., and Richard K. Olson. "Computer Speech and the Remediation of Reading and Spelling Problems." Journal of Special Education Technology 12, no. 3 (March 1994): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016264349401200304.
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A high-quality speech synthesizer (DECtalk, by Digital Equipment Corporation) is very intelligible to children with reading disabilities. Linking the DECtalk to a microcomputer yields a “talking computer” that provides a powerful tool for research and remediation of reading and spelling problems. Two clear and related findings about children with “specific reading disability” (dyslexia) have emerged from previous research: 1) deficits in word recognition primarily cause these children's problems in reading comprehension, and 2) inherited deficits in analytic language processes underlie their difficulties in word recognition. These two findings suggest that speech support for words in text could help these children. In several studies at the University of Colorado, children with reading problems have read stories and books on talking computers for about 30 minutes a day, usually for 3–4 days per week during most of a semester. The children's word recognition and phonological decoding have improved, compared to the skills of similar students who spent the time in regular classroom language arts instruction. The studies suggest that accurate word feedback supporting the reading of text helps these readers. One goal of the research has been to compare the benefits of presenting unknown words as wholes or in segments for different students. That goal has remained somewhat elusive, with interesting interactions that have been significant but not always stable. The paper also describes a different line of study using the DECtalk in a spelling program that allows children to explore English sound-spelling patterns as they compare pronunciations of their own spelling attempts and those of the test words. The paper concludes with descriptions of a current home-based reading study and a future study exploring the benefits of computer-based phonemic awareness training prior to the reading instruction.
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Rababah, Ebtesam Q. "The Impact of Using Reading Storybooks and Writing Journal Activities on Print and Phonemic Awareness of Jordanian Kindergarten Children." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 11, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol11iss4pp736-748.
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This study investigated the impact of reading storybooks and writing journal activities on print and phonemic awareness of Jordanian kindergarten children. Subjects participated in book-reading sessions with a print focus, and writing journals. A total of 50 children were recruited for the study from one kindergarten in Irbid City, Jordan. Two intact sections of 25 children each served as experimental and control groups. Pre-test measures of children’s print and phonemic awareness were administered. Subsequently, children in the experimental group participated in 24 small-group reading sessions that included a print focus, and 14 writing journals over a 14-week period. As an alternate condition, control-group children participated in conventional instruction methods only. Post-testing indicated that children who participated in print-focused reading and writing journal sessions outperformed their control group peers on four measures of print awareness (words in print, print concepts, alphabet knowledge and letter discrimination, and literacy terms), and on phonemic awareness (letter sound identification, rhyme, phoneme blending, phoneme segmentation, and phonemic manipulation), as well as overall performance. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
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Skaraki, Evaggelia. "Reinforcing preschoolers’ phonemic awareness through the use of tablets." Advances in Mobile Learning Educational Research 1, no. 1 (2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/amler.2021.01.004.
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This study aimed to implement an intervention program to examine whether tablets enhance kindergarten children’s phonemic awareness. Seventy-four (74) kindergarten children (40 boys and 34 girls) aged 4 to 6 years from 4 public kindergarten classrooms participated in the study, from which 38 children formed the experimental group while 36 children formed the control one. During the intervention program, children in the experimental group were trained through tablets in initial phoneme identification, initial phoneme deletion, and phoneme segmentation, while the control group trained in the same tasks without tablets. Results showed statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group. In conclusion, the present research found that digital media help educational practice, but it is also how teachers use digital tools to facilitate learning.
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FOY, JUDITH G., and VIRGINIA MANN. "Home literacy environment and phonological awareness in preschool children: Differential effects for rhyme and phoneme awareness." Applied Psycholinguistics 24, no. 1 (January 21, 2003): 59–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716403000043.
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The literature to date suggests that the best predictor of early reading ability, phonological awareness, appears to be associated with the acquisition of letter-sound and vocabulary knowledge and with the development of well-defined phonological representations. It further suggests that at least some aspects of phonological awareness critically depend upon literacy exposure. In this study of 4- to 6-year-olds, we examine whether aspects of the home literacy environment are differentially associated with phonological awareness. Parental responses to a questionnaire about the home literacy environment are compared to children's awareness of rhyme and phonemes, as well as to their vocabulary, letter knowledge, and performance on measures of phonological strength (nonword repetition, rapid naming skill, phonological distinctness, and auditory discrimination). The results showed that a teaching focus in the home literacy environment and exposure to reading-related media are directly associated with phoneme awareness and indirectly associated via letter knowledge and vocabulary. Exposure to reading-related media and parents' active involvement in children's literature were also directly and indirectly linked with rhyme awareness skills via their association with letter and vocabulary knowledge.
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Abu Ahmad, Hanadi, and David L. Share. "Foundations of early literacy among Arabic-speaking pre-school children." Applied Psycholinguistics 42, no. 5 (July 1, 2021): 1195–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716421000242.
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AbstractThe present study aimed to shed light on (i) the most accessible phonological unit and (ii) the nature of letter knowledge among native Arabic-speaking preschool children living in Israel. One hundred and sixty-seven children were assessed on phonological awareness with initial and final isolation tasks as well as knowledge of the standard names and sounds of Arabic letters. Children’s responses in these tasks were categorized in accordance with the phonological unit that the child supplied. Regarding phonological unit accessibility, the novel finding of this study was the prevalence of a tri-phonemic /ʔεC/ unit that begins with the prefix /ʔε-/ and ends with the target (consonantal) phoneme which we have termed the “demi-phoneme” (e.g., /ʔεs/ for the consonant /s/). Awareness of the consonant–vowel unit was the next most prevalent unit followed lastly by the “smallest unit” – the phoneme. It appears that the demi-phoneme functions as a psycholinguistic aid to facilitate phoneme perception and pronunciation (as proposed by the 8th-century scholar – Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi) and both phoneme and demi-phoneme responses are underpinned by the same knowledge. With regard to letter knowledge, the standard name for Arabic letters was the preferred response and letter sounds were retrieved as a demi-phoneme unit.
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Siswanto, Arif, and Hafidz Triantoro Aji Pratomo. "Skrining Kemampuan Phonological Awareness Anak Pra Sekolah." Interest : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 8, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/interest.v8i2.169.
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Background. In the learning process at school, especially in pre-school education, phonological ability is the entrance for children in mastery of language. In Indonesia, research that focuses on phonological abilities in pre-school children is still very limited. Objective. This study aims to determine the profile of pre-school children's phonological awareness abilities. Method. Participants were recruited from the Surakarta ABA Thoyibah Kindergarten with a total of 27 class B children to participate in this study. Screening is given to participants. The screening results will reflect the profile of children's phonological awareness abilities. Results. There are five items that can be used to screen pre-school children's phonological awareness skills: rhyme, syllable blending, initial phoneme identification, medial phoneme identification, and final phoneme identification. The results of the internal validation analysis of phonological awareness subtest were as follows: rhyme 0.684, syllable blending 0.772, initial phoneme identification 0.880, medial phoneme identification 0.862, and final phoneme identification 0.735. Conclusion. The value of internal validity or the correlation between items in phonological awareness screening is good because all items correlated have a correlation with a low probability value.
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Henbest, Victoria S., and Kenn Apel. "The Relation Between a Systematic Analysis of Spelling and Orthographic and Phonological Awareness Skills in First-Grade Children." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 52, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 827–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_lshss-20-00114.
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Purpose As an initial step in determining whether a spelling error analysis might be useful in measuring children's linguistic knowledge, the relation between the frequency of types of scores from a spelling error analysis and children's performance on measures of phonological and orthographic pattern awareness was examined. Method The spellings of first-grade children with typical spoken language skills were scored using the Spelling Sensitivity System (Masterson & Apel, 2010a); words were parsed into elements based on phonemes and then assigned a score based on the linguistic skills represented in the spelling. The children also completed more traditional measures of phonological and orthographic knowledge: an elision task and an orthographic pattern awareness task. Results There was a moderate negative correlation between number of elements omitted in the children's spellings (e.g., the child did not represent a phoneme with a letter[s] and performance on the phonological awareness task). There also was a moderate negative correlation between frequency of orthographically based spelling errors (e.g., spelling an element with a letter[s] that could never represent that sound in English) and performance on the orthographic pattern and phonological awareness measures. Conclusions These findings suggest that specific types of scores on the spelling error analysis provided information about the children's phonological awareness and orthographic knowledge. They also support continued investigations on the use of a systematic spelling error analysis for measuring phonological awareness and orthographic knowledge and highlight the potential utility of the analysis procedure in the educational setting.
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JANSSEN, CARESSA, ELIANE SEGERS, JAMES M. MCQUEEN, and LUDO VERHOEVEN. "Transfer from implicit to explicit phonological abilities in first and second language learners." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 20, no. 4 (April 27, 2016): 795–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000523.
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Children's abilities to process the phonological structure of words are important predictors of their literacy development. In the current study, we examined the interrelatedness between implicit (i.e., speech decoding) and explicit (i.e., phonological awareness) phonological abilities, and especially the role therein of lexical specificity (i.e., the ability to learn to recognize spoken words based on only minimal acoustic-phonetic differences). We tested 75 Dutch monolingual and 64 Turkish–Dutch bilingual kindergartners. SEM analyses showed that speech decoding predicted lexical specificity, which in turn predicted rhyme awareness in the first language learners but phoneme awareness in the second language learners. Moreover, in the latter group there was an impact of the second language: Dutch speech decoding and lexical specificity predicted Turkish phonological awareness, which in turn predicted Dutch phonological awareness. We conclude that language-specific phonological characteristics underlie different patterns of transfer from implicit to explicit phonological abilities in first and second language learners.
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Melesse, Solomon, and Chanyalew Enyew. "Effects of reading strategies on grade one children’s phonemic awareness performance." Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 14, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v14i3.14271.
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Wren, Yvonne, Helen Hambly, and Sue Roulstone. "A review of the impact of bilingualism on the development of phonemic awareness skills in children with typical speech development." Child Language Teaching and Therapy 29, no. 1 (December 24, 2012): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265659012464880.
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This review investigated what is known about the impact of bilingualism on children’s phonemic awareness. Studies of bilingual children where one language was English were identified by searching electronic databases and bibliographies from the last 50 years. Thirteen studies were analysed thematically and summarized in terms of methods and key findings. Findings suggest a variable pattern of performance, with some studies showing no difference between bilingual and monolingual performance on tasks. However, there was also evidence for advanced acquisition of phonemic awareness skills in some bilingual children, mediated by characteristics of languages spoken.
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Tangel, Darlene M., and Benita A. Blachman. "Effect of Phoneme Awareness Instruction on Kindergarten Children's Invented Spelling." Journal of Reading Behavior 24, no. 2 (June 1992): 233–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862969209547774.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if children trained in phoneme awareness in kindergarten would differ in invented spelling from children who did not have this training. A reliable scoring system was created to evaluate the invented spelling of the kindergarten children. The children were selected from 18, all-day kindergartens in four, demographically comparable low-income, inner-city schools. Prior to the intervention, the 77 treatment children and the 72 control children did not differ in age, sex, race, PPVT-R, phoneme segmentation, letter name and letter sound knowledge, or word recognition. During March, April, and May of the kindergarten year, treatment children participated in an 11-week phoneme awareness intervention that included instruction in letter names and sounds. After the intervention, the treatment children significantly outperformed the control children in phoneme segmentation, letter name and sound knowledge, and reading phonetically regular words and nonwords. Of primary interest in this study is the fact that the treatment children produced invented spellings that were rated developmentally superior to those of the control children. The 7-point scale created for scoring the developmental spelling test was found to be highly reliable using either correlation ( r = .98) or percent of agreement (93%).
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Kaminski, Ruth A., and Kelly A. Powell-Smith. "Early Literacy Intervention for Preschoolers Who Need Tier 3 Support." Topics in Early Childhood Special Education 36, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271121416642454.
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Phonemic awareness has been consistently identified as an essential skill for as well as an important predictor of later reading achievement. Children who lack these early literacy skills at kindergarten entry are more likely to demonstrate both short- and long-term reading difficulties. Despite the importance of providing intervention early, there is a paucity of research on Tier 3 early literacy interventions in preschool. A single-case multiple baseline across subjects design was used to examine the effects of a Tier 3 phonemic awareness intervention with preschool children who were identified as needing Tier 3 support in early literacy skills. The intervention was conducted individually with children, 5 to 10 min a day over an 8-week period. The results show gains in phonemic awareness for all children; however, the intervention was clearly more effective for some students than others. Factors that may have affected children’s learning are discussed.
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Wade-Woolley, Lesly. "Prosodic and phonemic awareness in children’s reading of long and short words." Reading and Writing 29, no. 3 (October 27, 2015): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11145-015-9600-1.
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Gillon, Gail T. "Facilitating Phoneme Awareness Development in 3- and 4-Year-Old Children With Speech Impairment." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 36, no. 4 (October 2005): 308–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461(2005/031).
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Purpose: This study investigated the phonological awareness and early literacy development of 12 children who presented at 3 years of age with moderate or severe speech impairment. The children’s response to early intervention that included specific activities to facilitate phoneme awareness and letter knowledge, in addition to improving speech intelligibility, was examined. Method: Using a 3-year longitudinal design, the children’s development in phonological awareness was monitored and compared to that of a group of 19 children without speech impairment. During the monitoring period from 3 to 5 years of age, the children with speech impairment received, on average, 25.5 intervention sessions. At 6 years of age, the children’s performance on phonological awareness, reading, and spelling measures was also compared to that of the 19 children without impairment as well as to a matched control group of children with speech impairment who had not received any specific instruction in phonological awareness. Results: The results indicated that (a) phoneme awareness can be stimulated in children with speech impairment as young as 3 and 4 years of age, (b) facilitating phoneme awareness development can be achieved concurrently with improvement in speech intelligibility, and (c) enhancing phoneme awareness and letter knowledge during the preschool years is associated with successful early reading and spelling experiences for children with speech impairment. Clinical Implications: The data provide evidence to support the clinical practice of integrating activities to develop phoneme awareness and letter knowledge into therapy for 3- and 4-year-old children with moderate or severe speech impairment.
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Lombardino, Linda J., Tara Bedford, Christine Fortier, Jennifer Carter, and John Brandi. "Invented Spelling." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 28, no. 4 (October 1997): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2804.333.
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Types and distributions of spelling patterns were identified in the invented spelling samples of 100 children in the second semester of their kindergarten year. Invented spellings were studied because they provide a valid measure of children’s phonemic awareness in print—a skill that is highly correlated with reading success in the early stages of literacy acquisition. The subjects’ spelling errors were used to develop a taxonomy of 10 invented spelling patterns and 21 response types that characterized the children’s most frequently occurring spellings of graphemes targeted for analysis in 12 words. The acquisition of spelling patterns was examined by dividing the children into three groups based on the phonemic accuracy of their spellings on a pre-readirng instrument. A developmental ordering of spelling patterns is presented and relationships among phonological awareness, spelling, and reading are discussed as they are relevant to speech-language pathologists treating children who are at risk for reading disabilities.
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Treiman, Rebecca, Victor Broderick, Ruth Tincoff, and Kira Rodriguez. "Children's Phonological Awareness: Confusions between Phonemes that Differ Only in Voicing." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 68, no. 1 (January 1998): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jecp.1997.2410.
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GOODRICH, J. MARC, and CHRISTOPHER J. LONIGAN. "Lexical characteristics of words and phonological awareness skills of preschool children." Applied Psycholinguistics 36, no. 6 (November 17, 2014): 1509–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716414000526.
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ABSTRACTThe lexical restructuring model (LRM; Metsala & Walley, 1998) can be used to explain the development of phonological awareness (PA). According to LRM, as children's vocabularies increase, children develop a more refined lexical representation of the sounds comprising those words, and in turn children become more sensitive to the detection of specific phonemes. LRM identifies several lexical characteristics of words that influence lexical restructuring: age of acquisition (AoA), word frequency, neighborhood density, and phonotactic probability. In this study, the effects of these lexical characteristics on children's performance on PA tasks were evaluated, as well as moderation of these effects by children's oral language skills and ages, in two independent samples of preschool children who completed measures of PA and oral language. For both samples, AoA and word frequency were negatively related to PA skills, and phonotactic probability was positively related to PA skills. Children's ages and oral language skills were positive predictors of PA skills, and children's ages moderated the relations between AoA and PA skills for children in Sample 2. Children's oral language skills moderated the relations between AoA and PA skills for children in Sample 1. Implications are discussed.
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Kruglyakova, Tatiana A. "City Place Names and their Modification in Child Speech." Вопросы Ономастики 18, no. 2 (2021): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.2.022.
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The anthropocentric focus of contemporary linguistic research highlights the specificity of individual linguistic worldview which includes a personal sense of toponymy. The studies discussing the ways that toponymic concepts are apprehended, memorized, and retrieved from memory are usually based on experimental data. But looking at irregular changes that toponyms may receive in individual speech is no less informative. Children’s speech proves the most valuable source for this, since it is less bound to the language norms of everyday communication, which makes the modifications more distinct. The author uses a collection (more than 170 items) of St.-Petersburg toponym modifications from children of 3–11 years old, drawing some conclusions about the peculiarities of their auditory perception (the role of individual frequency, phonemic and supra-phonemic word features in building semantic awareness, the specificity of phoneme patterns recognition by children and the processes of etymologizing and rethinking the internal form of the word), memorizing and storing information (the study of the child’s vocabulary connections and semantization of words including proper and common nouns; making up words and grammatical forms in the course of their multiple reproduction). Analysis of this real-life data brings clarity over some structural and functional aspects of individual linguistic systems and their speech manifestations. The information obtained can be used for creating child’s speech, memory, and attention training programs, as well as for studies in local history.
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FOY, JUDITH G., and VIRGINIA A. MANN. "Effects of onset density in preschool children: Implications for development of phonological awareness and phonological representation." Applied Psycholinguistics 30, no. 2 (April 2009): 339–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716409090146.
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ABSTRACTNeighborhood density influences adult performance on several word processing tasks. Some studies show age-related effects of density on children's performance, reflecting a developmental restructuring of the mental lexicon from holistic into segmental representations that may play a role in phonological awareness. To further investigate density effects and their implications for development of phonological awareness, we compared performance on dense and sparse onset words. We adapted these materials to three phonological awareness tests that were pretested on adults then administered to preschool children who were expected to vary in phonological awareness skills. For both the adults and the children who passed a phonological awareness screening task, dense onset neighborhoods were associated with slower reaction times and increased errors. A separate comparison of word repetition by the children who passed and who did not pass the phoneme awareness screening failed to provide evidence that lexical restructuring was a sufficient condition for the attainment of phonological awareness. Both groups of children more accurately repeated words from high onset density neighborhoods, regardless of the level of their phonological awareness. Thus, we find no evidence of either age- or ability-driven effects in children's performance, contradictory to a view that the attainment of phoneme awareness relates to developmental changes in the segmental representation of words in dense neighborhoods.
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Vernon, Sofia, and Emilia Ferreiro. "Writing Development: A Neglected Variable in the Consideration of Phonological Awareness." Harvard Educational Review 69, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 395–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.69.4.p411667586738x0w.
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In this article, Sofía Vernon and Emilia Ferreiro present the results of an experimental study that looks at the relationship between the development of phonological awareness and the development of writing in Spanish-speaking kindergartners. The results of this study speak to the ongoing controversy about approaches to early literacy instruction — that is, whether children's ability to segment words into phonemes (phonological awareness) is a prerequisite for learning how to read and write. These results show that phonological awareness is not an either/or phenomenon, but that it develops across levels and that this development is related to children's writing development. Vernon and Ferreiro discuss several important educational implications based on their findings: first, that children's ability to benefit from systematic phonics instruction depends on their level of writing development; and second, that encouraging children to write in kindergarten and first grade is an important way to stimulate the analysis of spoken words or other meaningful units.
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Wilson, Leanne, Brigid C. McNeill, and Gail T. Gillon. "Understanding the effectiveness of student speech-language pathologists and student teachers co-working during inter-professional school placements." Child Language Teaching and Therapy 35, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265659019842203.
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This study examined whether children’s speech and literacy skills were impacted by co-working among student speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and student teachers during an inter-professional education (IPE) initiative. Seven five-year-old children who demonstrated difficulties with speech and/or phonological awareness participated in three weeks of classroom-based instruction delivered by student SLP–teacher pairs during professional practice placements. A multiple single-participant design with repeated measures was utilized to examine the impact of the co-instruction on children’s speech and phonological awareness. Four out of seven children, each of whom were instructed by a different student professional pair, improved on at least one of two goal areas. More specifically, two out of six children improved their production of trained and untrained speech targets. Three out of seven children also improved on phoneme segmentation of trained and untrained words. Children’s improvement in phoneme awareness was accompanied by improved letter–sound knowledge and spelling. Moreover, analysis of instructional logs confirmed that children who improved on their target goals received classroom-based co-instruction from their student SLP–teacher pairs. The findings support the potential of the placement-based IPE in that most of the student pairs learned to establish co-instruction which positively influenced children’s speech and early literacy outcomes.
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Pfost, Maximilian. "Children’s Phonological Awareness as a Predictor of Reading and Spelling." Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie 47, no. 3 (July 2015): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0049-8637/a000141.
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Abstract. Numerous observational and experimental studies have shown that phonological awareness relates to reading and spelling. However, most studies were conducted in English-speaking countries, neglecting the issue of the generalizability of the findings across different orthographies. This meta-analysis focused exclusively on studies from German-speaking countries and explored how measures of phonological awareness relate longitudinally to reading and spelling. It summarized 19 manuscripts reporting the results of 21 independent studies. Results indicated a mean effect size of Zr = 0.318 (r = .308) for the relation between phonological awareness and later reading and spelling. Moderator analyses showed that phonological awareness on the rhyme level was less related to reading and spelling than phonological awareness on the phoneme level. Furthermore, the predictive power of phonological awareness remained substantial even for children beyond the second grade. The findings suggest that research on reading and spelling development should take into account the characteristics of German orthography.
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Tūbele, Sarmīte, and Egija Laganovska. "Drama Elements in the Prevention of Phonological Awareness Disorders in 5 – 6 Year Old Children." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (May 30, 2015): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2013vol2.577.
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This article contains theoretical analysis about how to develop phonological awareness in children 5–6 years of age and analysis of empirical findings. Elements of drama provide the great opportunity to improve phonological awareness.Reading and writing are the two most important techniques which pupils must achieve at school. Phonological awareness training has significant effects on overall reading ability, spelling, and reading comprehension. There are several well-established lines of argument for the importance of phonological skills to reading and spelling. Phonemic awareness is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in words. We know that children’s skills in phonological awareness is a good predictor of later reading success or difficulty. Some conclusions were drawn from theoretical and empirical findings. In this article, analysis of scientific and methodological literature is used as a method. Main findings –development of phonological awareness in children 5–6 years of age is possible and effective when using drama elements.
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Webb, Mi-young L., and Amy R. Lederberg. "Measuring Phonological Awareness in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 57, no. 1 (February 2014): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0106).
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PurposeThis study evaluated psychometric properties of 2 phonological awareness (PA) tests normed for hearing children when used with deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children with functional hearing. It also provides an in-depth description of these children's PA.MethodOne hundred and eight DHH children (mean age = 63.3 months) with cochlear implants or hearing aids were assessed in the fall and spring of the school year. Sixty-three percent communicated only with spoken language; 37% communicated with both sign and speech. Examiners administered PA subtests from the Phonological Awareness Test—2 and the Test of Preschool Early Literacy, along with assessments of speech perception and early literacy.ResultsItem analyses indicated that both tests showed good psychometric properties (e.g., high item discriminations and internal consistencies). DHH children scored higher on subtests and items that measured words, rhymes, and syllables than those that assessed phonemes. Although subtest difficulty influenced the factor structure in the fall, spring PA was best characterized as a single factor. PA correlated concurrently and predictively with early literacy.ConclusionsThis study suggests that these 2 standardized tests are valid for use with DHH children with functional hearing. Although delayed, these children's PA was structurally similar to that of hearing children.
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Thatcher Kantor, Patricia, Richard K. Wagner, Joseph K. Torgesen, and Carol A. Rashotte. "Comparing Two Forms of Dynamic Assessment and Traditional Assessment of Preschool Phonological Awareness." Journal of Learning Disabilities 44, no. 4 (June 17, 2011): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219411407861.
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The goal of the current study was to compare two forms of dynamic assessment and standard assessment of preschool children’s phonological awareness. The first form of dynamic assessment was a form of scaffolding in which item formats were modified in response to an error so as to make the task easier or more explicit. The second form of dynamic assessment was direct instruction of the phonological awareness tasks. The results indicate that preschool children’s phonological awareness can be assessed using standard assessment procedures, provided the items require processing units larger than the individual phoneme. No advantage was found in reliability or validity for either dynamic assessment condition relative to the standard assessment condition. Dynamic assessment does not appear to improve reliability or validity of phonological awareness assessments when preschool children are given tasks that they can perform using standard administration procedures.
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Milankov, Vesela, Slavica Golubović, Tatjana Krstić, and Špela Golubović. "Phonological Awareness as the Foundation of Reading Acquisition in Students Reading in Transparent Orthography." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 5440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105440.
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Phonological skills have been found to be strongly related to early reading and writing development. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the extent to which the development of phonological awareness facilitates reading acquisition in students learning to read a transparent orthography. Our research included 689 primary school students in first through third grade (Mean age 101.59 months, SD = 12,690). The assessment tools used to conduct this research include the Phonological Awareness Test and the Gray Oral Reading Test. According to the results from the present study, 13.7% of students have reading difficulties. Students with reading difficulties obtained low scores in phonological awareness within each subscale compared to students who do not have reading difficulties (p < 0.01). Components of phonological awareness which did not singled out as strongly related to early reading success include Phoneme Segmentation, Initial Phoneme Identification, and Syllable Merging. Thus, understanding the nature of the relationship between phonological awareness and reading should help effective program design that will be aimed at eliminating delayed development in children’s phonological awareness while they are still in preschool.
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Vernon Carter, Sofía A., Gabriela Calderón, and Luis Castro. "The relationship between phonological awareness and writing." Written Language and Literacy 7, no. 1 (July 30, 2004): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.7.1.09ver.
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The main objective in this study was to explore the relationship between phonological awareness and writing development in monolingual Spanish speaking children. The main hypothesis were 1) Phonological awareness development is closely related to children’s writing development and 2) the introduction of writing stimuli in phonological awareness tasks enhances the production of more analytical responses, even in pre-literate children. Subjects were 100 Mexican kindergartners. They were given a writing task and two different deletion tasks. In both, children had to delete the first phoneme of words. In one of the tasks children were given oral stimuli, whereas in the other children were given an oral stimuli together with the corresponding written word. The first letter was then covered. Results show that writing levels and phonological awareness correlate significantly. Also, the presence of writing significantly increases the number of correct responses.
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Bowey, Judith A. "Recent developments in language acquisition and reading research:The phonological basis of children’s reading difficulties." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 17, no. 1 (2000): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200028017.
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AbstractThis review examines the convergence of recent developments in the fields of language and literacy development and, in particular, developments relating phonological development to both language and reading development. It begins by examining the issue of how children represent spoken words. In particular, it presents recent work arguing that, throughout early and even middle childhood, children’s representations of spoken words are reorganised as sequences of phonemes. The second section examines poor readers’ phonologicol recoding difficulties and, in particular, the contribution of phonological awareness to early reading success. This section includes an overview of phonologicol awareness training studies in “at-risk” preschool and kindergarten children. The final section examines phonologicol processing difficulties as a common underlying cause of reading dificulties.This section provides a theoretical context for practitioners to understand diverse findings relating performance on a wide range of tasks to children’s reading achievement.
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GUTIÉRREZ-PALMA, NICOLÁS, MANUEL RAYA-GARCÍA, and ALFONSO PALMA-REYES. "Detecting stress patterns is related to children's performance on reading tasks." Applied Psycholinguistics 30, no. 1 (January 2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716408090012.
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ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the relationship between the ability to detect changes in prosody and reading performance in Spanish. Participants were children aged 6–8 years who completed tasks involving reading words, reading pseudowords, stressing pseudowords, and reproducing pseudoword stress patterns. Results showed that the capacity to reproduce pseudoword stress patterns accounted for a unique portion of the variance in text reading, after controlling for phonological awareness, phoneme sensitivity, and working memory. In addition, stress sensitivity predicted children's performance in stressing pseudowords. These results suggest that stress sensitivity may affect fluency in reading as well as word stress learning.
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Xia, Zhichao, Linjun Zhang, Fumiko Hoeft, Bin Gu, Gaolang Gong, and Hua Shu. "Neural correlates of oral word reading, silent reading comprehension, and cognitive subcomponents." International Journal of Behavioral Development 42, no. 3 (September 18, 2017): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025417727872.
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The ability to read is essential for cognitive development. To deepen our understanding of reading acquisition, we explored the neuroanatomical correlates (cortical thickness; CT) of word-reading fluency and sentence comprehension efficiency in Chinese with a group of typically developing children ( N = 21; 12 females and 9 males; age range 10.7–12.3 years). Then, we investigated the relationship between the CT of reading-defined regions and the cognitive subcomponents of reading to determine whether our study lends support to the multi-component model. The results demonstrated that children’s performance on oral word reading was positively correlated with CT in the left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG), left inferior temporal gyrus (LITG), left supramarginal gyrus (LSMG) and right superior temporal gyrus (RSTG). Moreover, CT in the LSTG, LSMG and LITG uniquely predicted children’s phonetic representation, phonological awareness, and orthography–phonology mapping skills, respectively. By contrast, children’s performance on sentence-reading comprehension was positively correlated with CT in the left parahippocampus (LPHP) and right calcarine fissure (RV1). As for the subcomponents of reading, CT in the LPHP was exclusively correlated with morphological awareness, whereas CT in the RV1 was correlated with orthography–semantic mapping. Taken together, these findings indicate that the reading network of typically developing children consists of multiple sub-divisions, thus providing neuroanatomical evidence in support of the multi-componential view of reading.