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Journal articles on the topic 'Children’s food habits'
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Khan, Mohammad Inam. "Food Marketing and Parent’s Attitude for Children’s Food Habits." Open Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 03 (2022): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2022.103027.
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Tabacchi, Garden, Luca Petrigna, Giuseppe Battaglia, Giovanni Navarra, Antonio Palma, and Marianna Bellafiore. "An Interaction Path of Mothers’ and Preschoolers’ Food- and Physical Activity-Related Aspects in Disadvantaged Sicilian Urban Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 2875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062875.
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Background: The relationship between mothers and their children’s lifestyle is still unclear, especially in disadvantaged areas. Consequently, the study aims to identify a path explaining the extent to which maternal eating habits and physical activity (PA) level predict food-related aspects, PA practice and Quotient of Gross Motor Development (QGMD) in preschoolers from disadvantaged urban areas. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 79 dyads of mothers and children were recruited from kindergartens. Information related to family socio-demographic aspects, mothers’ and children’s dietary intake frequencies and PA/sedentariness, mothers’ weight and height, mothers’ perception on children’s food intake, and children’s food literacy (FL) was collected with a questionnaire and the Food Literacy Assessment Tool (preschool-FLAT), while gross-motor skills were measured with the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD); weight and height of children were directly collected. Results: Associations were found between mothers’ and children’s food habits; mothers’ and children’s fruit/vegetables consumption, and intake of the other items; mothers’ education or PA level and children’s FL; mothers’ PA or sedentariness and children’s QGMD; mothers’ BMI and food habits and children’s BMI; education and food habits. Conclusions: These findings can be useful to plan effective interventions targeted both to preschoolers and their mothers of disadvantaged urban areas for promoting healthy lifestyles, which have become increasingly difficult to achieve during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Osera, Tomoko, Setsuko Tsutie, Misako Kobayashi, and Nobutaka Kurihara. "The Relationship between Children’s Noncognitive Skills toward Food and Their Food Habits in a Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 2 (January 15, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n2p1.
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Our previous study suggested that children’s food preferences were related to their concern about food and respect for food. In general, concern and respect were sorts of non-cognitive skills, which are useful for future life if acquired during childhood. The aim of this study was to make clear how concern about food and respect for food were related to their food habits and life style. We investigated the relationship between children’s non-cognitive skills and their food habits in a cross-sectional study. From 2007 to 2016, 2,408 Japanese kindergarten children aged 3 to 5 years were included in the study. The distribution was categorized into two patterns of their non-cognitive skills based on whether a particular the guardians answered children’s non-cognitive skills, concern about food and respect for food. The high and low of non-cognitive skills toward food were related to lifestyle, food preferences and food habits. High non-cognitive skills toward food may be associated with to take good food habits and their preferences in kindergarten children.
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Chen, Xuewei, Nafissatou Cisse-Egbuonye, Erica C. Spears, Rahma Mkuu, and E. Lisako J. McKyer. "Children’s healthy eating habits and parents’ socio-demographic characteristics in rural Texas, USA." Health Education Journal 77, no. 4 (January 16, 2018): 444–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896917752014.
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Objective: Due to the disproportionately high rates of obesity within the US Hispanic community, there is a critical need to address this health disparity issue. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between parents’ socio-demographic characteristics and their children’s food consumption. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Participants were recruited from schools in a predominately Hispanic rural area of Texas, USA. Method: Parents ( n = 298) of fourth grade (9–10 years old) children completed the survey. The independent variables were parents’ socio-demographic characteristics (e.g. ethnicity and income). The outcome variable was a Healthy Eating Index that refleting children’s frequencies of food consumption measured as daily frequency of consumption for healthy foods (e.g. skimmed milk), less healthy foods (e.g. potato) and unhealthy foods (e.g. Coke). We performed multiple linear regression. Results: Regression analysis shows that 13.7% variance of children’s food consumption could be predicted by their parents’ gender, ethnicity, marital status, education and income ( R2 = .137, p < 0.01). Parents’ ethnicity, education and income variables were strong predictors for children’s food consumption. Conclusion: Healthy eating can help reduce childhood obesity; however, we found children of US Hispanic parents ate less healthily. Culturally specific education programmes should be adopted for parents or families of Hispanic or Latino origin.
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Gunes, F. E., S. Aktac, A. H. Islamoglu, and G. Akduman. "The Relationship between Eating Behaviors of Children and Mothers, and Nutritional Status of Children." International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition 9, no. 4 (November 18, 2020): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2020.09.04.3.
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Introduction: Parents have a significant impact on child nutrition and the child's eating habits in long-term behavior. This study aims to examine the effects of mothers' attitudes on the eating behaviors of children and the determination of their nutritional status. Method: Children's eating habits and mothers' eating attitudes were examined in 417 children with face-to-face interviews using the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). The participants' anthropometric characteristics were determined, and body mass indexes (kg/m2) were calculated. AnthroPlus software was used to determine the children’s BMI-for-age Z-scores. BeBiS nutrition information system was used to assess children’s food intake. Results: The mothers' median BMI was above the overweight threshold. The lowest CFQ score was for perceived child weight, and the maximum score was for food restriction. Significant differences were found in mothers ages, mothers' BMIs, children's WAZ and BAZ scores, and BMIs, weight (p<0.001), perceived parent weight scores (p=0.04), and pressure to eat (p=0.04). Families should be conscious about nutrition for the protection and promotion of children's health.
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Islam, Nabhira Aftabi Binte, Faria Tabassum Tanni, Arzu Akter, and Sharika Shahrin. "Food Consumption Pattern Among Children in An English Medium School During COVID-19." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 40, no. 2 (December 12, 2022): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v40i2.61794.
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Background: Children never faced a pandemic situation. For this situation children’s lives are being affected, including their daily routine. This situation could have influenced both bad or good habit. One of the most alarming issue was their food consumption pattern during lockdown at home. Objective: To assess an English medium school children’s food consumption habit during COVID-19 lockdown. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out about one of the English medium school children’s eating habits during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh. Online questionnaire was developed and delivered to the care giver of the children’s. Total 130 caregivers and 223 children were selected purposively. The study period was 1st October 2020 to February 2021. Results: Distribution of the children according to the sex, female (70.4%) were more than male and ten to eleven years’ children (40.8%) were more. Educational background of caregivers found, graduation (76.2%), only 48.5% care givers sometimes did physical activity, monthly family income more the two lacs (66.2%), homemaker (71.6%) and 77.7% of them cooked food with the help of housemaid. Chocolate, milk product, meat and fast food intake is alarmingly high, found in seven days’ food intake chart. 60% children take extra food two times in a day, 50% of that food was homemade and online ordered. Foods were ordered 2-3 times per week by 44.6% caregivers and mostly ordered items were fast foods (66.2%). 63.1% children were found overweight. There was significant association between frequent online food order and change body shape of the child (p=.04) and monthly income and how many time children’s intake extra food in a day (p=.01). Conclusion: Schools were run in online basis. Parents were responsible for their children food intake throughout the whole day. It was challenging for the parents. JOPSOM 2021; 40(2):32-37
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Kang, Keoung Shim, and Myeong Ji Seo. "Effect of Mother's Eating Habit Parenting Attitude on Children’s Eating Habits and Food Preference." Asia-pacific Journal of Convergent Research Interchange 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47116/apjcri.2023.01.08.
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Ping, Li. "Guiding children towards healthy dietary habits based on nutrition education." E3S Web of Conferences 189 (2020): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018902002.
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Cultivation and development of children’s healthy diet behaviors is one the major purposes of children’s education, and meanwhile it will have far-reaching impact on the behaviors of behaviors. Healthy diet behaviors of children refer to rational selection and intake of food so that the children can ensure enough intake of nutrition that can meet the needs for metabolism and growth. Thus, it is of vital importance to develop healthy diet habits of children. This study interprets the physical qualities of adolescents, analyzes the guiding role and value of nutrition education on the children’s healthy diet behaviors, and explores how to give full play to the role of nutrition education to children’s healthy diet behaviors.
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Olafsdottir, Steingerdur, and Christina Berg. "Food appearances in children’s television programmes in Iceland." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 16 (August 29, 2017): 2920–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017001884.
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AbstractObjectiveExposure to advertisements cannot fully explain the associations between young children’s dietary intake and the time they spend in front of the television. It is therefore of importance to study television content other than advertisements in this aspect. The present study aimed to examine the nature and extent of verbal and visual appearances of foods and beverages in children’s television programmes on Icelandic public service television.DesignA total of 27 h of children’s programmes (domestic and internationally produced) were watched. All verbal and visual appearances of foods and beverages were coded, as well as the context in which the foods/beverages were discussed or appeared.SettingChildren’s programmes on Icelandic public service television.SubjectsTwo food groups were of special interest for their importance from a public health perspective: high-calorie and low-nutrient (HCLN) foods and fruits and vegetables (F&V). The χ2 test and logistic regression were performed to analyse if the occurrence of the two groups was associated with the context where foods/beverages appeared.ResultsOf the 125 different programmes, a food or beverage appeared in 86 %. Of the total food appearances (n 599), HCLN foods accounted for 26 % and F&V for 23 %. HCLN foods were presented as desirable by appearing more frequently with child characters (P<0·01) than F&V.ConclusionsPublic service television has the potential to improve the way food and eating is presented in children’s programmes, as young childhood is a critical period for founding healthy habits for later life.
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Beaulieu-Gagnon, S., V. Bélanger, and V. Marcil. "Food habits during treatment of childhood cancer: a critical review." Nutrition Research Reviews 32, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422419000131.
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AbstractSeveral factors can affect the nutritional status of children undergoing cancer therapy. The present review aims to describe children’s food intake during cancer treatments and to explore the contributing determinants. It also assesses the nutritional educational interventions developed for this clientele. Scientific literature from January 1995 to January 2018 was searched through PubMed and MEDLINE using keywords related to childhood cancer and nutritional intake. Quantitative and qualitative studies were reviewed: forty-seven articles were selected: thirty-eight related to food intake and parental practices and nine related to nutritional interventions. Patients’ intakes in energy, macronutrients and micronutrients were compared with those of healthy controls or with requirement standards. Generally, patients ate less energy and proteins than healthy children, but adhered similarly to national guidelines. There is a lack of consensus for standard nutrient requirement in this population and a need for more prospective evaluations. Qualitative studies provide an insight into the perceptions of children, parents and nurses on several determinants influencing eating behaviours, including the type of treatment and their side effects. Parental practices were found to be diverse. In general, savoury and salty foods were preferred to sweet foods. Finally, most interventional studies in childhood cancer have presented their protocol or assessed the feasibility of an intervention. Therefore, because of the variability of study designs and since only a few studies have presented results, their impact on the development of healthful eating habits remains unclear. A better understanding of children’s nutritional intakes and eating behaviours during cancer treatment could guide future nutritional interventions.
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Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Annemarie Olsen, and Anna S. Olafsdottir. "Fussy Eating among Children and Their Parents: Associations in Parent-Child Dyads, in a Sample of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072196.
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Parents are important agents in shaping children’s eating habits. However, the associations between children’s and parents’ eating behaviors are complex and may be convoluted for various reasons, such as parenting feeding styles, stressful mealtimes, and children’s neurodevelopmental disorders (ND), such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to analyze associations between parents and their children’s fussy eating, in a cross-sectional sample of children, with and without ND. Ninety-seven parents answered screening questionnaires prior to an intervention study. Associations were investigated using two-way ANOVAs and chi-square analyses. Overall, children with ND accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children without ND. Fussy eating parents had children who accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children whose parents were not fussy eaters. Interaction effects were not significant. A higher proportion of fussy eating parents, than non-fussy eating parents, had children who had difficulties with combined foods and hidden ingredients. The findings highlight the need for further investigation into the relationships between parents’ influence on their children’s eating behavior and food consumption, as well as possible reciprocal impacts.
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Waddingham, Suzanne, Stella Stevens, Kate Macintyre, and Kelly Shaw. "“Most of them are junk food but we did put fruit on there and we have water”." Health Education 115, no. 2 (February 2, 2015): 126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-04-2014-0046.
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Purpose – The Australian Dietary Guidelines support good health and disease prevention. Children with healthy eating habits established early in life have been shown to continue these habits into adulthood compared with those children who have poor eating habits in their younger years. The nutritional intake of many Australian children is not in accordance with the national guidelines. The reasons children make the food choices they do are unclear from the literature. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study used participatory action research methods to explore why primary school-aged children make the food choices that they do. A non-government primary school requested assistance in encouraging their children to make healthier choices from the school canteen menu. The authors gathered opinions from the children in two different ways; a group discussion during class and a “discovery day” that involved four class grades. The authors identified children’s food preferences and food availability in canteens. The authors explored how the children perceived healthy foods, the importance of a healthy food environment and what criteria children use to decide what foods to buy. Findings – Children’s food preferences were mostly for unhealthy foods, and these were readily available in the canteen. The perception about what foods were healthy was limited. Despite being asked to develop a “healthy” menu, the majority of choices made by the children were not healthy. Children described unhealthy choices as preferable because of taste of the food, if it was sugary, if it was quick to eat, available and cheap, the relationship of food and weather, the connection to health conditions and peer dominance. Practical implications – This study suggests that children make their food choices based on simple concepts. The challenge lies around producing healthy options in collaboration with the school community that match the children’s food choice criteria. Originality/value – This paper provides a modern and inspiring whole school approach based on equity and empowerment of the children. Discovering why children make food choices from the children’s perspective will help to present healthy options that will be more appealing for children. The methodology used to uncover why children make their food choices has also provided valuable insight into a study design that could be used to address other childhood research questions. The methodology offers an educative experience while gathering rich information directly from the children. This information can be used by the school to support children to have more control over their health and to develop behaviours to increase their health for the rest of their lives.
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Mahmood, Lubna, Paloma Flores-Barrantes, Luis A. Moreno, Yannis Manios, and Esther M. Gonzalez-Gil. "The Influence of Parental Dietary Behaviors and Practices on Children’s Eating Habits." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041138.
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Poor dietary habits established during childhood might persist into adulthood, increasing the risk of developing obesity and obesity-related complications such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It has been found that early modifications in eating habits, especially during childhood, might promote health and decrease the risk of developing diseases during later life. Various studies found a great influence of parental dietary habits on dietary behaviors of their children regardless of demographic characteristics such as gender, age, socioeconomic status and country; however, the exact mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to investigate both parents’ and children’s dietary behaviors, and to provide evidence for the potential influence of parents’ dietary behaviors and practices on certain children’s eating habits. Family meals were found to contribute the most in modeling children’s dietary habits as they represent an important moment of control and interaction between parents and their children. The parental practices that influenced their children most were role modeling and moderate restriction, suggesting that the increase of parental encouragement and decrease of excessive pressure could have a positive impact in their children’s dietary behaviors. This narrative review highlights that parental child-feeding behaviors should receive more attention in research studies as modifiable risk factors, which could help to design future dietary interventions and policies to prevent dietary-related diseases.
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Khomsan, Ali, Faisal Anwar, Hadi Riyadi, and Hana F. Navratilova. "Children’s food habits, consumption, and food safety of popular snacks in school environment in Indonesia." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 10, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20223535.
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Background: School age is a period of children's growth and development into adolescence. Therefore, an adequate intake of nutrients and food that is safe to consume is essential. The food safety level of school snacks is still poor. Good snacking habits can contribute enough energy and protein to children. Conversely, improper and unhealthy snacking habits can have negative impacts on children.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six selected public elementary schools from January 2018 until April 2019. The study involved selecting a sample using the purposive sampling method. The total samples from six schools were 214 students.Results: The study found a significant difference between eating frequency of school children in urban and rural areas (p<0.05). Regarding snacking habits, most students in urban (61.0%) and rural (76.2%) had snacks 4-6 times per week. Snack’s contribution to daily energy and protein intake in rural was 21.7% for energy and 18.1% for protein, while in rural, 31.6% for energy and 24.1% for protein. The results of the microbiological contamination analysis of popular snacks from all of the schools came out negative.Conclusions: Based on those findings, the schools should continuously supervise the practice of selling snacks around the school. The department of education and culture and the health office need to conduct training for food vendors and teachers about healthy snacks in schools. Parents need to pay more attention to children's food consumption.
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Tambalis, Konstantinos D., Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Glyceria Psarra, and Labros S. Sidossis. "Association between fast-food consumption and lifestyle characteristics in Greek children and adolescents; results from the EYZHN (National Action for Children’s Health) programme." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 18 (October 16, 2018): 3386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018002707.
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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of fast-food consumption and the association between fast food and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of children and adolescents.DesignCross-sectional, observational study. Fast-food consumption and dietary habits were evaluated using questionnaires (KIDMED index). Anthropometric and physical fitness measurements were obtained by trained investigators. Physical activity (PA) status, sedentary activities and sleeping habits were assessed through self-completed questionnaires.SettingGreece.SubjectsPopulation data derived from a school-based health survey (EYZHN programme) carried out in 2015 on 177 091 (51 % boys) children aged 8–17 years.ResultsA greater proportion of boysv. girls (23·3v. 15·7 %,P<0·001) and of adolescentsv. children (26·9v. 17·1 %,P<0·001) reported they consume fast foods >1 time/week. Frequent fast-food consumption was strongly correlated with unhealthy dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and consuming sweets/candy regularly. Adjusting for several covariates, insufficient dietary habits, insufficient (<8–9 h/d) sleep, inadequate PA levels and increased screen time increased the odds (95 % CI) of being a frequent fast-food consumer by 77 % (0·218, 0·234), 30 % (1·270, 1·338), 94 % (1·887, 1·995) and 32 % (1·287, 1·357), respectively. Being overweight/obese or centrally obese did not correlate with frequency of fast-food consumption.ConclusionsFrequent fast-food consumption was associated with an unhealthy lifestyle profile among children and adolescents. The findings support the development of interventions to help children adopt healthier dietary habits.
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ANDREOLI, Cristiana Santos, Sarah Aparecida RIBEIRO-VIEIRA, Poliana Cristina de Almeida FONSÊCA, Ana Vládia Bandeira MOREIRA, Sônia Machado Rocha RIBEIRO, and Sylvia do Carmo Castro FRANCESCHINI. "Markers of healthy eating habits, water intake, and constipation in children between 4 and 7 years of age." Revista de Nutrição 31, no. 4 (August 2018): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652018000400002.
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ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the association between diet and constipation in children between four and seven years of age. Methods A cross-sectional study with 152 children between 4 and 7 years of age residing in Viçosa, Brazil. Constipation was defined in accordance with the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. Dietary habits were evaluated based on the frequency of food intake using a food diary for three days. Dietary analysis considered foods deemed healthy and unhealthy which could be associated with constipation, as well as the children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables. The amounts of fiber and water consumed were also rated as adequate or inadequate. As part of the analyses, Student’s t-test and the chi-square test were performed with a significance level of p<0.05. Results The prevalence of constipation was 32.2%. Constipation was more common among children who did not consume fruits (p=0.020) or greens (p=0.002), as well as among children who consumed “instant” chocolate drinks (p=0.033). An association was found between the frequent consumption of fried food (p=0.020), a daily water intake lower than 600mL, and constipation (p=0.028). Conclusion Unhealthy eating habits among children, such as the lack of fruit and greens intake and the consumption of “instant” chocolate drinks and fried foods, were found to be positively correlated with constipation. The low fruit and vegetable consumption observed herein reflects the need for changes in children’s eating habits and the implementation of measures to promote the intake of healthy foods.
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Moore, Elizabeth S. "Intergenerational influences on children’s food preferences, and eating styles." European Journal of Marketing 52, no. 12 (November 12, 2018): 2533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-06-2018-0379.
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Purpose The purpose of this article is to examine the roles family members play in shaping young children’s food preferences and habits, as well as the extent to which these effects endure into adulthood. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on research in public health, marketing, nutrition and psychology, this paper examines how intergenerational influences (IGs) are manifested in the dietary domain. Findings Evidence suggests that the influence of early socialization is substantial, and that such impacts constitute an interesting yet sometimes overlooked set of forces that can help to guide our consumption behaviors as adults. Originality/value A detailed agenda for future research is proposed.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "A study of analysis and comparison to the low nutrient density foods that more normality for children age (3 –5 years)." Baghdad Science Journal 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2008): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.5.1.42-50.
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Through the early childhood and after the ablactating the child learns acquired food habbits that might studying with him throughout his life. Here the parents role arises: teaching the child the sound food habits and hygienic styles and whatever beneficial to the health and with the sufficient quantities for the body. In this way the experiences the child learns at home will be of great help in his future life in choosing the suitable food after becoming more dependent in making his decisions and choices away from his parents. The results in this study showed that the averages of the children’s consumption of the high energy foods in comparison with the other highest consumption average , after that comes the con sumption of soft drills , then the lollipops , gums and cacao , finally , the confectioneries recorded the lowest percentage in purchase , the child’s wish recorded the highest average.
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Colley, Paige, Bronia Myer, Jamie Seabrook, and Jason Gilliland. "The Impact of Canadian School Food Programs on Children’s Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Review." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 80, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2018-037.
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The quality of children’s diets has declined over the past few decades, giving rise to a variety of health-related consequences. In response to this trend, school food programs have become an increasingly effective method to support nutrition and lifelong healthy eating habits. This systematic review synthesizes current academic literature pertaining to school nutrition programs in Canada to identify existing interventions and their impacts on children’s nutritional knowledge, dietary behaviour, and food intake. The review was conducted through a search of the following databases: ERIC, Education Source, CINAHL, PubMed, SagePub, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and CBCA. Information extracted from the articles included the program objectives, intervention design and components, research evaluation, and primary outcomes. A total of 11 articles evaluating Canadian school nutrition programs were identified. The programs incorporated a variety of intervention components including policy, education, family and community involvement, and/or food provision. These multi-component interventions were positively associated with children’s development of nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviour changes, and intake of healthy foods; however, barriers associated with intervention duration, intensity, and availability of resources may have influenced the extent to which these programs impacted children’s diets and overall health.
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Hasnin, Saima, Jaclyn A. Saltzman, and Dipti A. Dev. "Correlates of children’s dietary intake in childcare settings: A systematic review." Nutrition Reviews 80, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 1247–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab123.
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Abstract Context Children consume up to two-thirds of their daily dietary requirements in full-time childcare, making the setting a critical vector for preventing childhood obesity. Objective To summarize the ecological correlates of children’s dietary intake in childcare settings that were identified and categorized using the Six-Cs developmental ecological model of contributors to overweight and obesity in childhood. Data Sources A literature search was conducted in 4 electronic databases. Study Selection English-language, peer-reviewed publications that investigated at least 1 correlate of children’s (ages 2–6 years) dietary intake in childcare settings and measured children’s actual consumption of foods and beverages from food groups were included. Data Extraction Correlates were categorized into child, clan, community, and country groups. Results A total of 55 studies, which examined 29 correlates, were reviewed. Correlates identified included child’s age, sex, characteristics of food provision (namely, food composition, foods and beverages served, portion sizes), repeated exposure, nutrition education, book reading, peer influence, meal service type, and childcare teachers’ responsive feeding practices. Policies and participation in Head Start and the Child and Adult Care Food Program could not be determined as correlates of children’s dietary intake, owing to a lack of evidence. Conclusion This review produced a list of correlates to consider in designing interventions to improve children’s dietary intake in childcare settings. The correlates could contribute to development of lifelong healthy eating habits, thereby preventing childhood obesity.
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Sun, Minghui, Xiangying Hu, Fang Li, Jing Deng, Jingcheng Shi, and Qian Lin. "Eating Habits and Their Association with Weight Status in Chinese School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 3571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103571.
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Background: Poor eating habits increase children’s risk of chronic diseases such as overweight and obesity, adult diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the eating habits of school-age children and their impact on children’s body mass index. Methods: Multistage cluster sampling was used to sample 2224 students in grades 4 to 6 from 16 primary schools in Changsha. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect general demographic, eating habit, and snack consumption data from school-age children. Height and weight were measured so that the body mass index Z-score could be calculated and evaluated according to the 2007 World Health Organization’s Body Mass Index (BMI) reference standard. Results: The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in school-age children were 17.0% and 8.3%, respectively. Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (19.9% vs. 13.6%, 12.9% vs. 3.0%, respectively, p < 0.05). Among the total population of children, 71.6% reported picky eating habits, and 55.1% had late-night snacks. Children who skipped breakfast (OR 1.507 and 95% CI 1.116~2.035) and ate puffed food (OR 1.571 and 95% CI 1.170~2.110) were more likely to be overweight/obese. Conclusions: The eating habits of school-age children are closely related to their weight status. Poor eating habits can be risk factors for overweight and obesity. The dietary management of children should be strengthened so that they develop good eating habits and the incidence of overweight and obesity in school-age children decreases.
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Santanu, Ayu Mutiara, Hurry Mega Insani, and Muchamad Rizki Sentani. "Eating Habits of Carbohydrate and Protein Sources in Elementary School Children during the Pandemic." Journal of Applied Food and Nutrition 2, no. 2 (December 8, 2021): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jafn.v2i2.43798.
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Elementary school children are children aged 6-12 years and had eating habits depend on their social life at school. Feeding habit in children consisted of mother’s beliefs about feeding, child feeding practices, and children’s eating behavior. children who consumed unhealthy food, such as snacks, relatively experienced low energy or calorie, while children with high consumption of unhealthy food tended to have a significant effect on experiencing health problem. The purpose of this study is to describe the eating habits of elementary school students from carbohydrate and protein sources during the pandemic. This study is a correlational study using a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were elementary school students at Mutiara Elementary School, Garuda Village, Andir District with a total of 95 students as respondents. The data collection tool in this study used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively. Carbohydrate sources that are often consumed by students are rice (100%), noodles (56.8%) and bread (53.7%). Sources of animal protein that are often consumed are chicken meat (74.7%) and chicken eggs (94.7%). Meanwhile, the most consumed vegetable protein was tofu (81.1%) and tempeh (67.4%). The food consumed by school-age children is less diverse. It is important for schools to provide education about the provision of diverse foods.
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Bannon, Sinéad. "Chewing the fat about our children’s health." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.2.
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Popular culture is jammed with TV shows about our health and what we eat, whether it’s ‘The Health Squad’ making people healthy from the inside out or Gillian McKeith telling people ‘You Are What You Eat’. Our study, looking extensively at the eating habits of children aged 5-12 years in Ireland, shows us that the extreme picture painted by the media has some basis in fact. Around one in five children are overweight or obese, and many children’s diets are lacking in important nutrients and fibre; it is time to find out why and what implications this may have on their future health. The National Children’s Food Survey was a comprehensive survey carried out by researchers in UCC and UCD, investigating the eating habits of children in Ireland between the ages of 5 and 12 years. The survey has provided a valuable insight into the diets of children in this ...
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Sato, Nanae, Fumi Hayashi, and Nobuo Yoshiike. "Effectiveness of a Nutrition Education Program to Improve Children’s Chewing Habits." International Scholarly Research Notices 2016 (March 10, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4304265.
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This quasi-experimental study determined whether the nutrition education program we developed to promote chewing food properly influenced children’s chewing habits successfully. Four kindergarten classes in Japan (150 children, aged 5-6 years) were studied; one class received the educational program in the classroom and at home (Group A) and three classes received the program in the classroom only (Group B). The educational program was integrated into the classes’ daily curriculum for five weeks. It included storytelling with large picture books, chewing consciously while eating lunch, singing a song with gestures, and greetings before and after meals (both groups). Group A also used a paper textbook and was provided information by the leaflet to encourage guardians to implement the program at home. Chewing habits before and after intervention were evaluated: (1) guardians completed seven questionnaire items related to chewing habits and chewing movement and (2) the number of chews and time spent eating the test meal were measured by a portable chewing sensor. Both approaches improved the children’s chewing habits; however, no difference was found between the two groups. We concluded that this intervention could be used to improve chewing habits in young children even without active involvement of their guardians.
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Lee, Jisun, Solji Lee, Bokyung Ryu, and Lana Chung. "Korean Food Acculturation Phenomena of Married Immigrant Women and Their Children’s Eating Habits." Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture 30, no. 5 (October 30, 2015): 545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7318/kjfc/2015.30.5.545.
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Roblin, Lynn. "Childhood obesity: food, nutrient, and eating-habit trends and influences." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 32, no. 4 (August 2007): 635–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h07-046.
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The need has never been greater to support healthy eating and physical activity in children and youth; the numbers of overweight and obese children have doubled and tripled, respectively, over the past 3 decades. Poor eating habits, including inadequate intake of vegetables, fruit, and milk, and eating too many high-calorie snacks, play a role in childhood obesity. Grain products provide the highest percentage (31%) of daily calories, followed by “other foods,” which have limited nutritional value (22% of daily calories). Snacks account for 27% of total daily calories, which is more than the calories consumed at breakfast (18%) and lunch (24%), but not dinner (31%). For Canadians older than 4 years of age, more than 41% of daily snack calories come from other foods, such as chips, chocolate bars, soft drinks, fruit drinks, sugars, syrup, preserves, fats, and oils. Habits that protect against childhood obesity include eating more vegetables and fruit, eating meals with family, and being physically active. Children’s food habits and choices are influenced by family, caregivers, friends, schools, marketing, and the media. Successful interventions for preventing childhood obesity combine family- and school-based programs, nutrition education, dietary change, physical activity, family participation, and counseling.
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Kamaleddine, Atifa Nazih, Hiba Abdallah Antar, Bayan Tarek Abou Ali, Sajida Fawaz Hammoudi, Joohee Lee, Taeyeop Lee, Soo Young Bhang, Seockhoon Chung, and Pascale Salameh. "Effect of Screen Time on Physical and Mental Health and Eating Habits During COVID-19 Lockdown in Lebanon." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0239.
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Objective This study aimed to explore whether screen time and the screen type impacted various health aspects of children, including physical activity (PA), sleep quality, and eating habits. Additionally, we investigated whether children’s eating behavior while using electronic devices affects their physical and mental health.Methods We conducted an online survey asking for screen use (duration, type, and purpose), PA, eating habits, sleep problems, and level of depression. The participants were children between the ages of 3 and 7 years, and the survey was answered by the participants’ parents from March 3 to March 20, 2021.Results A screen time of ≥2 h in children was associated with various clinical characteristics, such as body mass index (BMI), sleep problems, depression, decreased PA, and unusual eating habits. Children’s food eating behavior while using electronic devices was predicted by a total screen time ≥2 h, smartphone screen time ≥2 h, sleep problems, owning electronic devices, and eating unhealthy food.Conclusion There was an interplay among children’s PAs, eating behaviors, depression, sleep problems, and screen time in this pandemic era. Therefore, guiding children on the correct use of electronic devices and helping them eat healthy are paramount during this COVID-19 pandemic.
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Sanmarchi, Francesco, Alice Masini, Carolina Poli, Anna Kawalec, Francesco Esposito, Susan Scrimaglia, Lawrence M. Scheier, Laura Dallolio, and Rossella Sacchetti. "Cross-Sectional Analysis of Family Factors Associated with Lifestyle Habits in a Sample of Italian Primary School Children: The I-MOVE Project." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (February 27, 2023): 4240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054240.
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The acquisition of healthy dietary and exercise habits during childhood is essential for maintaining these behaviors during adulthood. In early childhood, parents have a profound influence on a child’s lifestyle pursuits, serving as both role models and decision-makers. The present study examines family factors as potential contributors to healthy lifestyle habits and their child’s overall diet quality among a sample of primary school children. A secondary aim is to evaluate several aspects of diet quality using the Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). This cross-sectional study involved 106 children enrolled in a primary school located in Imola, Italy. Data were collected from October to December 2019 using an interactive tool used to assess parent characteristics, children’s lifestyle, food frequency (ZOOM-8 questionnaire), and actigraph accelerometers to capture children’s physical activity and sedentary behavior. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (expressed by KIDMED Index) was positively associated with fathers’ educational level, parental sport participation, and the parent’s overall nutritional knowledge. Higher mothers’ educational level was inversely associated with children’s leisure screen time. Parents’ nutritional knowledge was positively related to children’s average daily minutes of organized sport activities. The better score for DQI-I was for consumption adequacy, followed by variety and moderation. The lowest score was for overall balance. The present study reinforces the importance of family factors in young children’s lifestyle choices, particularly their dietary, leisure time, and exercise habits.
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Soni, Pavleen, and Jyoti Vohra. "Advertising foods to Indian children: what is the appeal?" Young Consumers 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2014): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-06-2013-00380.
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Purpose – This paper aims to identify the nature of themes/appeals used in food commercials shown on children’s networks in India. Marketers use various themes/appeals in TV advertisements to influence food consumption habits of children. Children are also found to focus on these appeals while selecting foods rather than using nutritional value as a criteria to select foods. Design/methodology/approach – For the present study, a content analysis of 114 discrete food commercials broadcast on children’s networks was done. These were further analysed to collect data on themes/appeals used in them. SPSS 19.0 was used to record the data and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Findings – A majority of food advertisements which were broadcast during children’s programmes included confectionery, ice creams and dairy products, baked products and ready-to-cook food items. Grazing was found to be the most frequently used appeal in these food advertisements. This was followed by taste/flavour/smell/texture, fun/happiness, being “cool”, adult approval/disapproval, family ties and so on. However, a majority of these advertisements did not feature any health-related message. Practical implications – The study highlights the need for strategic actions by all stakeholders interested in protecting well-being of children. Taking account of the promotional tactics used by food marketers, parents as well as governmental agencies must strongly take steps to check these practices. Originality/value – As no such study has already been conducted in India (to the best of researcher’s knowledge), this study potentially helps in abridging gaps in literature.
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Androutsos, Odysseas, Maria Perperidi, Christos Georgiou, and Giorgos Chouliaras. "Lifestyle Changes and Determinants of Children’s and Adolescents’ Body Weight Increase during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Greece: The COV-EAT Study." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (March 13, 2021): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030930.
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Previous studies showed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown imposed changes in adults’ lifestyle behaviors; however, there is limited information regarding the effects on youth. The COV-EAT study aimed to report changes in children’s and adolescents’ lifestyle habits during the first COVID-19 lockdown and explore potential associations between changes of participants’ lifestyle behaviors and body weight. An online survey among 397 children/adolescents and their parents across 63 municipalities in Greece was conducted in April–May 2020. Parents self-reported changes of their children’s lifestyle habits and body weight, as well as sociodemographic data of their family. The present study shows that during the lockdown, children’s/adolescents’ sleep duration and screen time increased, while their physical activity decreased. Their consumption of fruits and fresh fruit juices, vegetables, dairy products, pasta, sweets, total snacks, and breakfast increased, while fast-food consumption decreased. Body weight increased in 35% of children/adolescents. A multiple regression analysis showed that the body weight increase was associated with increased consumption of breakfast, salty snacks, and total snacks and with decreased physical activity. The COV-EAT study revealed changes in children’s and adolescents’ lifestyle behaviors during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Greece. Effective strategies are needed to prevent excessive body weight gain in future COVID-19 lockdowns.
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UEDA, Haruka. "Impact Evaluation of a School-based Food Education Intervention on Cognitive and Attitudinal Aspects of Children’s Dietary Habits." Journal of Food System Research 24, no. 1 (2017): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5874/jfsr.24.1_2.
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Osera, Tomoko, Nobuko Taniguchi, Hiroko Hashimoto, and Nobutaka Kurihara. "The Effect on Children’s Attitudes Towards Food Associated With Their Non-Cognitive Skills, and With the Nutrition Knowledge of Their Parents." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 8, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v8n2p54.
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Early childhood is the most important time for establishing healthy eating habits, and of course during this period a mother can have a great influence in this regard. In this study explored what major factors influence the development children’s food habits and whether the level of nutrition knowledge of parents has a material impact. This study involved 219 students (age renge, 3–5 years) and their parents in Osaka prefecture in Japan. Mothers were administered questionnaires that contained uestions pertaining to lifestyle, unidentifiable description of the children and their guardian’s SRH along with 39 questions to assess the food-related habits and attitudes. The correlates of the nutrition-related knowledge level of mothers and the children’s concern and respect for healthy eating were assessed using the Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The differences between high and low amount of parental knowledge and high and low non-cognitive skills towards food groups were also examined. Completed questionnaires were returned by 219 of the participants. Among the respondents, 50.7% were male, and 92.2% of the parents indicated that they get nutrition information from the Internet. We remarkably found that the level of mother’s knowledge about nutrition had no statistically significant influence on how the children in this study understood food. However, chilren’s concern and respect for food were significantly associated with their participation in various aspects of food preparation (help with washing and cooking of food) and presentation (help with setting up the table) (P < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U test). Participation of Japanese kindergarten children in such activities was significantly associated with high level of food-related non-cognitive skills. Of note, the nutrition-related knowledge level of the mother showed no significant association with the attitude of their children towasds food.
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Brownlee, Iain A., Jasmine Low, Naageswari Duriraju, Mavis Chun, Jessica Xiu Yan Ong, Mia Eng Tay, Gilly A. Hendrie, and Lourdes Santos-Merx. "Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 2615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112615.
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Dietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional dataset and to consider how demographic factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI) status, ethnicity, age, and sex) were associated with these scores. Existing, cross-sectional dietary data (n = 561 children aged 6–12 years, collected in 2014–2015) from duplicate 24-h recalls were assessed for diet quality using an index based on the Singaporean Health Promotion Board dietary guidelines. Total diet quality scores were calculated from ten different components (frequencies of rice and alternatives, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and alternatives, dairy and alternatives, total fat, saturated fat, sodium intake, and added sugars). Association with demographic factors and BMI category was evaluated by one-way multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) tests, with Bonferroni post hoc analyses. Median (interquartile range) total diet quality scores were 65.4 (57.1–73.0). Median scores for whole grains (0.0, 0.0–33.4), fruits (24.1, 0.0–65.3), vegetables (36.5, 10.4-89.8), and sodium (58.4, 0.0–100.0) intake were frequently sub-optimal. Children of Malay ethnic origin had statistically lower total diet quality scores ((55.3, 47.5–60.3) vs. other ethnic groups (combined median 65.4 (57.1, 73.0); p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for continuing efforts to improve dietary intake in young Singaporeans and for longitudinal dietary monitoring in this group.
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Camelia, Rusda, Hartanti Sandi Wijayanti, and Choirun Nissa. "Studi kualitatif faktor yang mempengaruhi orang tua dalam pemberian makan anak autis." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) 7, no. 2 (June 14, 2019): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.7.2.99-108.
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Background: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have problem in metabolism which makes them have limited food intake. The implementation of the diet is influenced by eating behaviors in children with ASD and parents in feeding children.Objective: This study was to analyze eating behaviors and factors influencing parents on child’s feeding.Methods: This quallitative study was using in-dept interviews to parents as informants. Observations related to children's eating habits and behaviors also conducted in this study. FFQ was also conducted to measure gluten and casein consumptions. The retrieval of subjects through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, there was 8 children with ASD aged 6-14 years old with their care taker as informans who were willing to join this study. Results: Children with ASD have unique food preferention and able to expres hunger and satiety amid the limitatins of social interaction. Gluten intake is more often consumed (26,63 times/week) than casein (5,25 times/week). 25% parents are implementating the diet and based on knowledges, obey the doctor or terapies, improve children’s behavioral experiences after diet, motivation, skills in processing food diets, purchasing power, and family supports. Parents are not implementating the diet because of children’s responses, informant’s worries, sibling behaviors who offer non-dietary food, limited dietary food in arround, and limited time to process dietary food.Conclusion: Eating behaviors’s subject is related to parent’s feeding. Feeding by informants are influenced by children’s responses, knowledges, attitudes, experiences and motivations, skills, purchasing power, availability of food, sibling behaviors, time, and family supports. Knowledges, motivations, and family support were the most important factors in feeding children with autism.
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Estay, Karinna, Amalie Kurzer, and Jean-Xavier Guinard. "Mothers’ Perceptions and Attitudes towards Children’s Vegetable Consumption—A Qualitative, Cross-cultural Study of Chilean, Chinese and American Mothers Living in Northern California." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030519.
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This exploratory research focused on the cultural variables involved in children’s vegetable consumption, through the analysis of mothers’ perceptions, attitudes, and feeding practices regarding their children’s intake, using qualitative consumer research methods. Twelve focus groups of mothers with children between 2–12 years old (Euro-Americans n = 20, Chinese n = 19, and Chilean n = 19) were conducted. All participants lived in Northern California, had higher education, and incomes that did not limit their vegetable purchase. Intercultural differences in vegetable preferences and consumption habits were found. Mothers across all groups agreed on the importance of children’s vegetable consumption, the influence that mothers have over their children’s vegetable intake, and how challenging it is to get children to eat a variety of vegetables. The ethnic groups differed regarding how they perceived the level of mothers’ responsibility over children’s vegetable intake, the way that mothers defined the amount of vegetables that children should eat, the constraints that mothers had on increasing their children’s vegetable intake and mothers’ recommendations to encourage vegetable consumption. Our study suggests that under similar socio-economic and parental education levels, culture-specific strategies should be considered to foster healthy dietary habits in children.
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Kostecka, Malgorzata, Joanna Kostecka-Jarecka, Mariola Kowal, and Izabella Jackowska. "Dietary Habits and Choices of 4-to-6-Year-Olds: Do Children Have a Preference for Sweet Taste?" Children 8, no. 9 (September 2, 2021): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8090774.
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Children develop food preferences by coming into direct contact with various food products through the senses of taste, touch, sight and smell. The aim of this study was to analyze the food preferences of children aged 4 to 6 years and to determine whether age and gender influence children’s food preferences and whether the preference for sweet taste changes with age. The study involved a paper questionnaire containing images of 115 different food products and dishes. The respondents expressed their preferences by choosing the appropriate emoji (happy, sad or neutral face). The study was conducted between 2018 and 2020, and it involved 684 children from 10 kindergartens. Girls chose a significantly higher number of foods and dishes they liked than boys (p = 0.002), and 4-year-olds gave a higher number of “neutral” responses than 5- and 6-year-olds (p = 0.001). Dietary diversity increased with age, and younger children were familiar with fewer foods than 6-year-olds (p = 0.002). Children had a clear preference for sweet taste, regardless of age and gender. Young children (4-year-olds) were more likely to accept healthy foods despite the fact that they were familiar with fewer products and dishes.
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Al-Roumi, Dalal, Dina Abu-Abdo, Mariam Al-Khulaifi, Sara Al-Khadhari, Eman Al-Awadhi, and Farouk El-Sabban. "Influence of Nutritional Awareness on Grocery Shopping by Kuwaiti Parents in Relation to Children Nutrition." Advances in Food Technology and Nutrition Sciences – Open Journal 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-6-170.
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Background Caregivers, specifically parents, are ultimately responsible for the nutrition of children living in the household, in spite of the children’s preferences for food items. There have been no studies on the relationship between the nutritional knowledge level of Kuwaiti parents who grocery shop and their children’s nutrition. Therefore, this study was carried out to explore grocery shopping patterns of Kuwaiti parents in relation to their children's eating habits. Methods A questionnaire was administered by 4 of the authors through face-to-face interviews with 100 Kuwaiti parents who grocery shop for their families. The questionnaire was designed to cover three main categories: demographics, parents’ nutritional knowledge, and children’s nutrition. Subjects were interviewed at random at 6 supermarket locations. Data were analyzed utilizing a SPSS statistical package and the Chi–Square test was used to examine the association between variables at the p<0.05 level of significance. Results Demographic data of respondents showed that 92% were married, 66% were females, 61% were university graduates, and 84% allowed children to choose food items while shopping. Children’s age ranged from 2 to 18-years. Results indicated that the media was the main source of nutrition knowledge of participants. About 50% were familiar with food labels, 74% were shopping for nutrition claims and most parents (60%) were shopping for low-fat products. Analysis of data revealed several associations among demographics, nutrition knowledge of parents and nutrition of children. Conclusion This study is the first of its type to be carried out in Kuwait. It revealed several important aspects of parents’ background and awareness of nutrition as influencing factors on their grocery shopping. It is hoped that this line of research will be expanded, for the benefit of children’s health and avoidance of future nutrition-related diseases.
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Elliott, Charlene. "Tracking Kids’ Food: Comparing the Nutritional Value and Marketing Appeals of Child-Targeted Supermarket Products Over Time." Nutrients 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2019): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081850.
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Marketing unhealthy foods negatively impacts children’s food preferences, dietary habits and health, prompting calls for regulations that will help to create an “enabling” food environment for children. One powerful food marketing technique is product packaging, but little is known about the nature or quality of child-targeted food products over time. This study assesses how child-targeted supermarket foods in Canada have transformed with respect to nutritional profile and types of marketing appeals (that is, the power of such marketing). Products from 2009 (n = 354) and from 2017 (n = 374) were first evaluated and compared in light of two established nutritional criteria, and then compared in terms of marketing techniques on packages. Overall, child-targeted supermarket foods did not improve nutritionally over time: 88% of child-targeted products (across both datasets) would not be permitted to be marketed to children, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and sugar levels remained consistently high. Despite this poor nutritional quality, the use of nutrition claims increased significantly over time, as did the use of cartoon characters and appealing fonts to attract children’s attention. Character licensing—using characters from entertainment companies—remained consistent. The findings reveal the critical need to consider packaging as part of the strategy for protecting children from unhealthy food marketing. Given the poor nutritional quality and appealing nature of child-oriented supermarket foods, food product packaging needs to be included in the WHO’s call to improve the restrictions on unhealthy food marketing to children.
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Kenđel Jovanović, Gordana, Nataša Dragaš Zubalj, Sanja Klobučar Majanović, Dario Rahelić, Valentina Rahelić, Jelena Vučak Lončar, and Sandra Pavičić Žeželj. "The Outcome of COVID-19 Lockdown on Changes in Body Mass Index and Lifestyle among Croatian Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (October 26, 2021): 3788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113788.
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Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic altered adults’ and children’s lifestyles and habits, causing an increase in body weight. Adolescents are sensitive to habit changes and, because of their insufficient capacity to deal with the unexpected COVID-19 changes, were at greater risk of noncommunicable disease development due to the consequences of adopting unhealthy habits. The survey aimed to reveal the changes in nutritional status and lifestyle habits of school children in Croatia and to assess their nutrition knowledge and emotional state and feelings about COVID-19 lockdown. Self-reported data from 1370 school children aged 10 to 15 years were obtained to examine the influence of the lockdown on their nutritional status, lifestyle and emotional status, and to assess their nutrition knowledge. The study revealed that the COVID-19 lockdown has caused an increase in the proportion of overweight and obesity among Croatian school children who changed their lifestyle habits towards being less physically active, spending more time using screen-based media and revealing potential psychological distress. However, the schoolchildren had a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet assessed with the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents KIDMED index and had good nutrition knowledge. Public health programs promoting a healthy lifestyle and involving the whole family, in a school environment, could provide children with a healthy adulthood.
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Rostinah, Rostinah, and Nelly Nelly. "Pengaruh Peran Orang Tua dan Aksesibilitas Buah dan Sayuran terhadap Rendahnya Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur pada Anak Pra Sekolah di Kota Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat." Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia 10, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmki.10.1.2022.1-6.
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Early childhood is critical to the development of lifelong food habits. Given the high proportion of children with inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, identification of modifiable factors associated with higher consumption may be useful in developing interventions to address this public health issue. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors that affect fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of Mpunda districts preschool children. Methods using A cross-sectional telephone survey and questioner was conducted with 60 parents of 3 to 5 year-old children. Children’s fruit and vegetable consumption was measured using a valid and reliable subscale from the Children’s Dietary Questionnaire. Associations were investigated between children’s fruit and vegetable intake and characteristics of the home food environment including parental role-modeling, parental providing behaviour, fruit and vegetable availability, fruit and vegetable accessibility, pressure to eat, education and knowlwdge, family mealtime practices. Characteristics of the home food environment that showed evidence of an association with children’s fruit and vegetable consumption in simple regression models were entered into a backwards stepwise multiple regression analysis. The multiple regression analysis found positive associations between children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and parental fruit and vegetable intake (p = 0.004), and accessibility (p = 0.002).
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Saipudin, Nurul Ain, Nornazira Suhairom, and Nur Husna Abd. Wahid. "FAMILY FOOD CHOICES MOTIVE AMONG MALAYSIAN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S PARENTS." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 22, no. 3 (December 21, 2022): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.22/no.3/art.1631.
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It is important to determine the factors influencing the family, specifically the parent's food choice motives (FFCMs). These factors are perceived to relate to the nutritional status, eating habits of the children and, subsequently, their future well-being. This study aimed to determine the FFCMs factors (including health concerns, natural content, sensory appeal, convenience, weight control, price, mood, and familiarity) of the parents who had preschool children in Selangor, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among seventy-six pairs of mothers and children aged 4 to 6 years in six selected preschools in the Klang Valley, Selangor. A set of self-administered questionnaires measuring demographic data, dietary records, and FFCMs of the parents were answered by the mother, and anthropometric measurements of the children were then taken. The mean FFCMs score found that "health" (mean 3.5 ± 0.53) was reported as the most important factor in parents' ’food choices than the "familiarity" factor (mean 2.78 ± 0.67). Compared to the ethnic groups, both Chinese and Indians mostly chose "natural content”, compared to Malay parents who chose "health" (3.55 ± 0.50) as an important factor to consider when choosing food. In conclusion, this study showed that by determining the most important factors influencing a family’s food choices, it is likely to improve the nutritional status and well-being of children and their family members. Thus, this study proposed the utilization of FFCMs as an instrument to design and develop food- and nutrition-related interventions for further studies.
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Irwanti, Winda, and Yhona Paratmanitya. "Factors related to street food consumer preferences of Gadjah Mada University students." Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) 4, no. 2 (August 30, 2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2016.4(2).63-70.
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<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><em><strong>Background</strong>: Breakfast plays an important role in ensuring the good health and wellbeing of an individual, especially children. Evidence suggests that breakfast consumption may improve cognitive function related to memory, exam test score and the level of school attendance.</em></p><p><em><strong>Objectives</strong>: To determine the breakfast habits and its risk factors in elementary school children in Bantul.</em></p><p><em><strong>Methods</strong>: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four elementary schools in the District Sedayu, Bantul with 126 children as subjects. Breakfast habits investigated by interviews to the children.</em></p><p><em><strong>Results</strong>: This study showed that there were 33% of children had no breakfast daily, or had skipped breakfast at least once in a week. The major reasons of children skipping breakfast were not having enough time (38.1%), not hungry (30.9%) and no food available in the morning at home (16.7%). A total of 15.9% mothers and 23% fathers were not breakfast daily according to their children. Breakfast habits of children significantly associated with the children’s perception towards parent’s breakfast habits.</em></p><p><em><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Breakfast habits of children significantly associated with the children’s perception towards parent’s breakfast habits.</em></p><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong><em>: breakfast habit, children perception, parent’s breakfast habit</em></p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><em><strong>Latar belakang</strong>: Sarapan memiliki peran dalam menjaga kesehatan dan kebahagiaan seseorang, termasuk anak. Penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa sarapan mampu meningkatkan fungsi kognitif yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan mengingat, nilai ujian, dan tingkat kehadiran di sekolah.</em></p><p><em><strong>Tujuan</strong>: Untuk mengetahui kebiasaan sarapan anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Bantul, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.</em></p><p><em><strong>Metode</strong>: Studi cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan di 4 sekolah dasar di Wilayah Kecamatan Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul, dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 126 anak. Kebiasaan sarapan diketahui dari wawancara dengan anak.</em></p><p><em><strong>Hasil</strong>: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 33% anak sarapan tidak setiap hari, atau dalam seminggu paling tidak 1x melewatkan sarapan. Alasan utama anak melewatkan sarapan adalah tidak punya cukup waktu (38,1%), tidak lapar (30,9%), dan tidak tersedianya sarapan di rumah pada pagi hari (16,7%). Sebanyak 15,9% ibu, dan 23% ayah juga sarapan tidak setiap hari menurut persepsi anak. Kebiasaan sarapan anak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan persepsi anak terhadap kebiasaan sarapan orang tuanya.</em></p><p><em><strong>Kesimpulan</strong>: Kebiasaan sarapan anak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan persepsi anak terhadap kebiasaan sarapan orang tuanya.</em></p><p><strong>KATA KUNCI</strong><em>: kebiasaan sarapan, persepsi anak, kebiasaan sarapan orang tua</em></p>
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Huang, Christina Y., Lucia A. Reisch, Wencke Gwozdz, Dénes Molnár, Kenn Konstabel, Nathalie Michels, Michalis Tornaritis, et al. "Pester power and its consequences: do European children’s food purchasing requests relate to diet and weight outcomes?" Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 13 (May 14, 2016): 2393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001600135x.
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AbstractObjectiveChildren may influence household spending through ‘pester power’. The present study examined pestering through parent–child food shopping behaviours in relation to children’s diet and weight status.DesignCross-sectional and prospective analyses drawn from the IDEFICS study, a cohort study of parents and their children. Children’s height and weight were measured and their recent diets were reported by parental proxy based on the Children’s Eating Habits Questionnaire-FFQ at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Parents also completed questionnaires at both time points about pestering, including whether the child goes grocery shopping with them, asks for items seen on television and is bought requested food items.SettingParticipants were recruited from eight European countries for the IDEFICS study (non-nationally representative sample).SubjectsStudy participants were children aged 2–9 years at enrolment and their parents. A total of 13 217 parent–child dyads were included at baseline. Two years later, 7820 of the children were re-examined.ResultsMost parents (63 %) at baseline reported ‘sometimes’ acquiescing to their children’s requests to purchase specific foods. Pestering was modestly associated with weight and diet. At baseline, children whose parents ‘often’ complied consumed more high-sugar and high-fat foods. Children who ‘often’ asked for items seen on television were likely to become overweight after 2 years (OR=1·31), whereas ‘never’ asking protected against overweight (OR=0·72).ConclusionsPestering was modestly related to diet and weight in cross-sectional, but not longitudinal analyses. Asking for items seen on television had the most robust relationships across child outcomes and over time.
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Lane, Ginny, Christine Nisbet, and Hassan Vatanparast. "Dietary habits of newcomer children in Canada." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 17 (August 7, 2019): 3151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019001964.
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AbstractObjective:To explore the dietary habits, nutrient adequacies and dietary change experiences of immigrant and refugee children.Design:Mixed-methods cross-sectional design. Children completed three 24 h dietary recalls to determine nutrient inadequacies. Parents and service providers were interviewed to capture dietary practices.Setting:Healthy Immigrant Children study, Saskatchewan, Canada.Participants:Three hundred immigrant and refugee children aged 3–13 years and twenty-two parents who lived in Regina or Saskatoon for less than 5 years; twenty-four newcomer services providers.Results:Immigrant children had higher mean intakes of meat and alternatives, milk and alternatives, and whole grains; and consumed more vitamin B12, folate, Ca, vitamin D, Fe and Zn compared with refugee children. Refugee children were at higher risk of having inadequate intakes of folate (37 %) and Fe (18 %). Both immigrant and refugee children were at high risk of inadequate vitamin D (87 and 93 %, respectively) and Ca intakes (79 and 80 %), and a substantial portion were at risk for inadequate Zn intake (21 and 31 %). Participants mentioned challenges with maintaining a healthy traditional diet in the midst of a busy schedule, while responding to their children’s demands for foods high in fat and sugar.Conclusions:Newcomer children are at risk for inadequate intakes of vitamin D, Ca and Zn, while refugee children are at additional risk for inadequate folate and Fe intakes. Newcomers to Canada may experience subtle or drastic changes in their food environment leading to dietary acculturation that includes increased consumption of foods high in sugar, salt and fat.
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Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs. "Development and Acquisition of Flavor and Food Preferences in Children: An Update Until 2010." Journal of Food Research 3, no. 1 (November 22, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v3n1p1.
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<p>The purpose of the present research is to identify the experience-related mechanisms which induce the establishment of children’s flavor, food and drink acceptance and preferences. The development of children’s preferences for flavors, foods and drinks is mediated by a variety of mechanisms, such as flavor transmission via amniotic fluid (AF) and neonatal feeding regimen (breastfeeding and formula milk-based feeding), mere repeated exposure, conditioned preferences for or aversions to gustatory stimuli based on subsequent postingestive consequences, parental strategies and food management of school meals. Operation of specific mechanisms is age-dependent, but they may have interacting effects. An essential feature of these mechanisms is exposure to flavors and foods, which requires prior selection of foods by adults and thereby guarantees cultural transmission of gastronomic habits. Promoting healthy patterns of food consumption by children, such as diets rich in vegetables, requires careful manipulation of these experience-related mechanisms. Flavor, food and drink preferences developed by young and older children appear to remain stable in later life stages, probably due to gustatory imprintings originated during prenatal gestation and childhood. However, the specific age ranges during which such gustatory imprinting may occur, remain, in most cases, unknown. In addition to this, there is a need for further research on specific aspects of the above-mentioned mechanisms to elucidate the development of food preferences in children. For example, the impact of breastfeeding history on later food and/or flavor preferences beyond infancy should be ascertained.</p>
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Ventura, Paula Sol, Ana F. Ortigoza, Yanira Castillo, Zelmira Bosch, Sara Casals, Cristina Girbau, Jose M. Siurana, Amalia Arce, Marisa Torres, and Francisco J. Herrero. "Children’s Health Habits and COVID-19 Lockdown in Catalonia: Implications for Obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051657.
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Lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic imposed changes in children’s daily routine that could lead to changes in behavior patterns. Using a survey targeted at children under 17 years of age, we described dietary (adherence to Mediterranean diet, AMD) and sleeping habits (disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep) after the implementation of lockdown, and examined the probability of the inadequate frequency of physical activity (PA) and use of TV and electronic devices (TV-ED) before and after lockdown through generalized estimating equation models, accounting for age and gender differences. From 3464 children included, 53.2% showed optimal AMD; 79.2% referred to delayed bedtime; and 16.3% were suspected of sleeping disorders after the implementation of lockdown. Delay in bedtime was more frequent among children older than 6 years, and inadequate sleeping hours among those younger than 11 years. There were no gender differences in AMD or sleeping habits. The odds of inadequate frequency of PA and TV-ED use were greater after lockdown, with a greater risk for TV-ED use. Boys were at greater risk of inadequate PA frequency and TV-ED use. Odds ratio of inadequate PA was greater at older ages. Lockdown could influence changes in children’s habits that could lead to risk factors for non-communicable diseases during adulthood if such behaviors are sustained over time.
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Elbel, Brian, Alyssa Moran, L. Beth Dixon, Kamila Kiszko, Jonathan Cantor, Courtney Abrams, and Tod Mijanovich. "Assessment of a government-subsidized supermarket in a high-need area on household food availability and children’s dietary intakes." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 15 (February 26, 2015): 2881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000282.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of a new government-subsidized supermarket in a high-need area on household food availability and dietary habits in children.DesignA difference-in-difference study design was utilized.SettingTwo neighbourhoods in the Bronx, New York City. Outcomes were collected in Morrisania, the target community where the new supermarket was opened, and Highbridge, the comparison community.SubjectsParents/caregivers of a child aged 3–10 years residing in Morrisania or Highbridge. Participants were recruited via street intercept at baseline (pre-supermarket opening) and at two follow-up periods (five weeks and one year post-supermarket opening).ResultsAnalysis is based on 2172 street-intercept surveys and 363 dietary recalls from a sample of predominantly low-income minorities. While there were small, inconsistent changes over the time periods, there were no appreciable differences in availability of healthful or unhealthful foods at home, or in children’s dietary intake as a result of the supermarket.ConclusionsThe introduction of a government-subsidized supermarket into an underserved neighbourhood in the Bronx did not result in significant changes in household food availability or children’s dietary intake. Given the lack of healthful food options in underserved neighbourhoods and need for programmes that promote access, further research is needed to determine whether healthy food retail expansion, alone or with other strategies, can improve food choices of children and their families.
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Kovac, Boris, and Maja Knific. "The perception of low-salt bread among preschool children and the role of educational personnel in creating a positive attitude towards reformulated food." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 56, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0006.
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Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to identify the possibility of unnoticed reduction in salt content of bread as a basic food in the diet of preschool children. The response of children to less salty bread and the role of teachers and teacher assistants in the introduction of novelties into children’s nutrition ware studied. Methods Using hedonic sensory evaluation in the case of bread, the perception of salty taste and responses of preschool children to salt reduction were observed. The combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis obtained from the case study group, composed of 22 preschool children and 66 teachers and teacher assistants, was studied. Results The results show that a 30% salt reduction was not registered by the children, while a 50% reduction of the salt content, compared to the original recipe, though noted, was not disruptive. The perception of taste and development of good eating habits at an early age could be influenced by teachers and teacher assistants’ verbal and non-verbal communication. Conclusion Salt reduction does not significantly affect the rating of satisfaction with the tested product. Educational personnel must be aware of their decisive influence on children’s perception of new and less salty products. Such an approach could represent a basis for creating children’s eating habits, which will be of particular importance later in their lives. The findings may possibly result in an update of the national nutrition policy.
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Kebede, Adane, Magnus Jirström, Alemayehu Worku, Kassahun Alemu, Hanna Y. Berhane, Christopher Turner, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, and Yemane Berhane. "Residential Food Environment, Household Wealth and Maternal Education Association to Preschoolers’ Consumption of Plant-Based Vitamin A-Rich Foods: The EAT Addis Survey in Addis Ababa." Nutrients 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14020296.
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Vitamin A deficiency is common among preschoolers in low-income settings and a serious public health concern due to its association to increased morbidity and mortality. The limited consumption of vitamin A-rich food is contributing to the problem. Many factors may influence children’s diet, including residential food environment, household wealth, and maternal education. However, very few studies in low-income settings have examined the relationship of these factors to children’s diet together. This study aimed to assess the importance of residential food availability of three plant-based groups of vitamin A-rich foods, household wealth, and maternal education for preschoolers’ consumption of plant-based vitamin A-rich foods in Addis Ababa. A multistage sampling procedure was used to enroll 5467 households with under-five children and 233 residential food environments with 2568 vendors. Data were analyzed using a multilevel binary logistic regression model. Overall, 36% (95% CI: 34.26, 36.95) of the study children reportedly consumed at least one plant-based vitamin A-rich food group in the 24-h dietary recall period. The odds of consuming any plant-based vitamin A-rich food were significantly higher among children whose mothers had a higher education level (AOR: 2.55; 95% CI: 2.01, 3.25), those living in the highest wealth quintile households (AOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.92, 2.93), and in residentials where vitamin A-rich fruits were available (AOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.41). Further research in residential food environment is necessary to understand the purchasing habits, affordability, and desirability of plant-based vitamin A-rich foods to widen strategic options to improve its consumption among preschoolers in low-income and low-education communities.
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Van De Maele, Karolien, Charlotte De Geyter, Yvan Vandenplas, Inge Gies, and Roland Devlieger. "Eating Habits of Children Born after Maternal Bariatric Surgery." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 2577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092577.
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Mothers who underwent bariatric surgery (BS) before pregnancy have worrisome eating habits, but little is known about the eating habits of their offspring. EFFECTOR is a cross-sectional, long-term follow-up study of 4–11-year-old children born from mothers that underwent bariatric surgery before pregnancy (n = 36), mothers with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) in a control group (n = 71), and mothers with a normal weight (NW) in a second control group (n = 35). Data on anthropometry and on eating habits obtained through a Food Frequency Questionnaire were collected prospectively. The children’s body mass index (BMI) scores significantly correlated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was the highest in children of the BS group (38.9% vs. 15.5% for children of the OW/OB group and 5.7% for those of the NW group; p = 0.004). Meal-skipping behavior was comparable between the groups. There was no difference in fruit and vegetable consumption. The BS group consumed more low-calorie sweetened beverages compared to the NW group (p = 0.01) but less fruit juice compared to the NW and OW/OB groups (p = 0.01). Our results may indicate a sugar-avoiding behavior in children of the BS group, fitting dietary maternal habits in a strategy to prevent dumping syndrome. In conclusion, maternal pre-pregnancy bariatric surgery does not alter unhealthy eating behaviors and the risk of development of overweight during childhood in their children.