Relevant bibliographies by topics / Childhood mental health / Dissertations / Theses
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Childhood mental health'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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1

Moser, Michele R., and Janet Todd. "Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4982.

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2

Fosse, Gunilla Klensmeden. "Mental health of psychiatric outpatients bullied in childhood." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Neuroscience, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1947.

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Bullying hurts – even many years later

This thesis indicates that bullying by peers in school during childhood is associated withmental health problems in adulthood; almost50 per cent of the 160 psychiatric outpatients reported bullying by peers.

As adults, those bullied in childhood demonstrated higher psychiatric symptom levels, lower self-esteem and more external locus of control. They also reported more bulimianervosa. In addition, they were often singles, and, they had lower levels of education.Bullying by peers was also associated with other types of maltreatment in childhood. Male outpatients bullied by peers in school often grew up without biological fathers. Victimized female outpatients bullied in school reported more childhood abuse and neglect. Overprotective fathers were more common in outpatients with bulimia nervosa, and long-term associations were found between overprotective mothers and poor self-esteem.The findings in this thesis reveal that bullying in childhood is far from harmless and may have destructive long-term consequences.


Paper I and IV reprinted with kind permission Elsevier, sciencedirect.com
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3

Fowke, Alex James. "Shame : associations with childhood maltreatment and mental health." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/153327/.

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Research consistently reports a relationship between childhood maltreatment and the experience of psychological distress in adulthood. More recently, researchers have sought to identify the emotional consequences of these experiences. The current literature review focuses on the experience of shame. In particular, research is presented which demonstrates how childhood maltreatment, especially psychological abuse, has been associated with the experience of internalised shame. Furthermore, research is presented demonstrating an association between internalised shame the experience of psychological distress in adulthood. A burgeoning evidence base illustrates how shame partially mediates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and the experience of psychological distress in adulthood, although the review concludes that this research remains limited, and the models presented require further investigation to broaden the understanding of the role of shame in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology. The empirical paper explores the associations between childhood maltreatment and internalised shame in a sample of participants with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD; n = 35), compared with a control group of participants with no psychiatric diagnoses (n = 35). Participants completed measures of maltreatment, internalised shame, and resource loss and gain. Participants in the BD group reported significantly higher levels of internalised shame, resource loss, and most sub-types of childhood maltreatment, compared with participants in the control iii group. Internalised shame was significantly correlated with childhood emotional abuse and neglect, even when controlled for the effect of low mood and mania. The theoretical and clinical implications are discussed, and directions for further investigation are indicated.
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Moser, Michele R. "Tennessee Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Initiative." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4984.

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Moser, Michele R., L. Lucinski, and S. Steckel. "Tennessee Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Initiative." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4983.

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6

Shamblin, Sherry R. "An Evaluation of Partnerships for Early Childhood Mental Health." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365093576.

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7

MacInnes, Marlene. "Examining the sequelae of childhood trauma in forensic mental health." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9879.

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Introduction The aims of this thesis were twofold. The first was to systematically review the literature, on the influence of childhood trauma on psychopathology, across a range of forensic settings. The second was to complete an empirical study that examined the relationship between childhood trauma and insecure attachment patterns and psychopathology, risk, and engagement in therapy, in a forensic population. Method For the first aim database searches and hand searches of journals assessed against predefined criteria, identified 13 papers that were eligible for review. For the research study, 64 participants from three forensic secure hospitals completed three self-report questionnaires as part of a retrospective cross-sectional design. Data was also obtained from hospital records and clinical staff. Results The systematic review identified ten studies that were rated to be of good quality, two that were rated to be of fair quality and one that was rated as weak. Results identified a relationship between childhood trauma and psychopathology, but it is difficult to generalise findings due to the heterogeneity of this population. The research study found both childhood trauma and insecure attachment significantly predicted psychopathology and risk. No associations with engagement in therapy were found, but methodological reasons for this outcome were considered. Conclusion The systematic review highlighted that research in the area of childhood trauma and psychopathology in forensic settings is at an early stage, as most studies are small and cross-sectional. It discussed the need to develop further research to improve psychological treatment and reduce recidivism. Recommendations were made in the research study to routinely assess for childhood trauma and consider attachment patterns. Limitations in the design of the study were also acknowledged.
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McManus, Suzanne Bells. "Enhancing positive early childhood mental health outcomes in young children /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1790314811&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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9

Yung, Emily. "Childhood adversity and metabolic outcomes in adults with mood disorders." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123331.

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Background: Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of conditions that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. These metabolic disturbances are often comorbid with mood disorders, such as depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BP), and are associated with poorer psychiatric prognosis and worse functional impairment. Childhood adversity has been hypothesized to be a common risk factor for both metabolic disturbances and mood disorder. However the precise association between childhood adversity, metabolic disturbances, and mood disorders is still unknown. Objectives: (1) To examine the association between childhood adversity and metabolic outcomes. (2) To test whether specific types of childhood adversity (e.g. abuse, neglect, and family/household dysfunction) and type of mood disorder interact to worsen metabolic outcomes.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 68 adult outpatients from a university-based, tertiary-care mood disorders clinic with a DSM-IV defined depression (N=28) or bipolar type I or II disorder (N=40). The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III clinical criteria for defining metabolic syndrome were measured. Childhood adversity was measured using the Adverse Childhood Experience self-report questionnaire which collects categories of adversity pertaining to abuse, neglect, and family/household dysfunction. Linear and logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, and education were conducted to examine the association between childhood adversity and metabolic outcomes. Interaction analyses were conducted to test if type of mood disorder modified the effect of childhood adversity on metabolic outcomes.Results: Nearly one-third (32.3%) of the sample met the NCEP criteria for metabolic syndrome. Despite the majority of our sample being overweight (BMI = 25-29.9), all other metabolic outcomes were within a healthy range. Childhood adversity was highly prevalent in this mood sample, with 80.9% of the participants experiencing at least one category of childhood adversity. Childhood adversities included exposure to household mental illness/suicide (45.6%), emotional neglect (33.8%), alcohol/drug abuse (29.4%), emotional abuse (27.9%), physical abuse (25.0%), sexual abuse (25.0%), parental divorce/separation (23.5%), domestic violence towards mother (13.2%), physical neglect (2.9%), and imprisoned household member (1.5%). There were no statistically significant relationships between the total number of childhood adversities and the range of metabolic outcomes. Several associations between type of childhood adversity and metabolic outcomes were found. Firstly, parental divorce/separation was associated with a higher BMI (B = 3.3, p = 0.047), but after controlling for age, sex, and education, parental divorce/separation was no longer significant. Notably in interaction testing, type of mood disorder modified the effect of parental divorce/separation on BMI such that the association between parental divorce/separation and BMI was greater in the presence of BP versus MDD (B = -7.4, p = 0.016). Secondly, emotional neglect was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (B = -7.0, p = 0.043). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence linking childhood parental divorce/separation and emotional neglect to the specific metabolic risk factors of BMI and diastolic blood pressure. Systematic assessment of childhood experiences, regular monitoring of the metabolic indices, and promotion of healthy lifestyle habits should be emphasized in routine clinical care of individuals with mood disorders.
Contexte: Le syndrome métabolique augmente le risque de maladies cardiovasculaires. Ces perturbations ont souvent une morbidité associée aux troubles de l'humeur, comme la dépression (MDD) et le trouble bipolaire (BP). Elles sont associées à un moins bon pronostic psychiatrique et une dépréciation fonctionnelle plus importante. L'hypothèse a été émise que l'adversité durant l'enfance est un facteur de risque commun pour les troubles métaboliques et les troubles de l'humeur. Cependant l'association précise entre l'adversité durant l'enfance, les troubles métaboliques et les troubles de l'humeur est encore inconnue.Objectifs: (1) Pour examiner l'association entre l'adversité durant l'enfance et les troubles métaboliques de l'hypertension artérielle, l'obésité abdominale, taux élevés de triglycérides, la glycémie à jeun élevée et peu de lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL). (2) Pour tester si des types spécifiques d'adversité durant la petite enfance (abus, négligence, familles/ménages dysfonctionnels) et le type de trouble de l'humeur interagissent pour aggraver les résultats métaboliques.Méthodes: Ce fut une étude transversale de 68 patients ambulatoires adultes d'une clinique universitaire de soins des troubles de l'humeur avec une dépression telle que définie selon les critères du DSM-IV (N = 28) ou de trouble bipolaire de type I ou II (N = 40). Les critères cliniques définissant le syndrome métabolique du programme national d'éducation du cholestérol (NCEP), Panel de Traitement pour Adultes III, ont été mesurés. L'adversité durant l'enfance a été mesurée à l'aide de l'auto-questionnaire sur l'expérience adverse durant l'enfance qui recueille les catégories d'adversité relatives à l'abus, la négligence et la dysfonction des familles/ménages. Les régressions linéaires et logistiques ajustées pour l'âge, le sexe et le niveau d'éducation ont été effectuées afin d'étudier l'association entre l'adversité durant l'enfance et les résultats métaboliques. Les analyses d'interaction ont été menées afin de tester si le type de trouble de l'humeur (troubles bipolaires versus dépression) a modifié l'effet de l'adversité durant l'enfance sur les résultats métaboliques.Résultats: Près d'un tiers (32,3%) de l'échantillon répondait aux critères pour le syndrome métabolique. En dépit de la majorité de notre échantillon étant en surpoids (IMC = 25-29,9), tous les autres résultats métaboliques étaient se situaient à un niveau normal. L'adversité durant l'enfance était très répandue dans l'échantillon des troubles de l'humeur, avec 80,9 % des participants ayant connu au moins une catégorie de l'adversité durant l'enfance. Les adversités durant l'enfance incluent l'exposition des ménages à la maladie mentale ou au suicide (45,6 %), la négligence affective (33,8 %), l'abus d'alcool et/ou de drogues (29,4 %), la violence psychologique (27,9%), la violence physique (25,0%), les abus sexuels (25,0 %), et la séparation ou le divorce des parents (23,5%). Plusieurs associations entre type d'adversité durant la petite enfance et les résultats métaboliques ont été trouvées. Tout d'abord, le divorce ou la séparation des parents a été associée à un IMC plus élevé (B = 3,3 ; p = 0,047). Cependant, après ajustement pour l'âge, le sexe et le niveau d'éducation, le divorce ou la séparation des parents, cela n'était plus significatif. Deuxièmement, la négligence émotionnelle a été associée à une baisse de la pression diastolique du sang (B = -7,0 ; p = 0,043).Conclusion: Cette étude fournit des preuves préliminaires reliant le divorce ou la séparation des parents durant l'enfance et de la négligence émotionnelle à des facteurs de risque métaboliques tels l'IMC et la pression artérielle diastolique. L'évaluation systématique des expériences durant l'enfance, un suivi régulier des indices métaboliques et la promotion de saines habitudes de vie doivent être soulignés dans les soins cliniques de routine des personnes souffrant de troubles de l'humeur.
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Jones, Jamal. "Resilience in adult women who have experienced childhood maltreatment." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527960.

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This secondary analysis of qualitative data explored the development of resilience among 16 women. Their transcribed interviews were analyzed with a framework based on the processes and determinants clusters of resilience among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse identified in prior research. Processes were defined as the journey participants followed to the situation in their present life, determinants were defined as innate or learned characteristics and environmental factors. The determinants of interpersonal skills, high self-regard, spirituality, and helpful life circumstances (support & services) were found to be present in less than half of the women. The processes of self-realization, self-determination, coping strategies (positive and negative), active healing were present for more than half but less than half have achieved closure regarding the maltreatment. The women reported self-sufficiency in terms of being able to live on their income and educational achievement. The findings have implications for social work practice and research.

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11

Rabipour, Sheida. "Computerized attention training for childhood behavior disorders: a non-pharmaceutical treatment approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110586.

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Cognitive training paradigms constitute a budding field in both research and the commercial market. Engulfed in hype, computerized training programs are particularly enticing in the "Informatics Era" and have fostered the development of increasingly complex programs aiming to improve cognitive function. With the promise of enhancing skills such as attention and memory, cognitive training programs appeal particularly to atypically developing individuals as a non-pharmaceutical alternative to treatment. Such claims have led both professionals and laypersons to question the effectiveness of commercially-available products. In our critical review, we investigate the potential benefits of various cognitive training paradigms and evaluate the evidence supporting or discounting popular programs in specific populations. This investigation reveals that, while certain forms of training demonstrate benefits for improving certain cognitive skills, many programs require more rigorous scientific evaluation to validate their claims. Our experimental piece studies the effectiveness of an adaptation on one scientifically-validated form of cognitive training: computerized attention training. We seek to determine the clinical effectiveness of this type of program in children with common impulse-control disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiance disorder, and conduct disorder. Findings from this study suggest that, while subjective ratings of behavior may improve as a result of training, children may require prolonged training periods to benefit on objective ratings of attention and intelligence. Future studies remain to elucidate the effectiveness and sustainability of such training programs when administered over longer periods, as well as more subtle changes detected through neuroimaging.
L'entrainement cognitif de l'attention est un domaine qui prend de plus en plus d'ampleur à la fois dans le monde de la recherche et dans le marché commercial. Couverts de publicité, des programmes informatiques d'entrainement mettent sur pieds des logiciels de plus en plus complexes ayant pour cible le développement des fonctions cognitives. Promettant d'améliorer des aptitudes telles que la capacité mnémonique ou l'attention, ces programmes d'entrainement cognitif sont particulièrement attirants pour des individus atteints de problèmes développementaux puisqu'ils semblent offrir une alternative aux traitements pharmaceutiques. Ces promesses ont cependant conduit les professionnels de la santé, ainsi que le public, à s'interroger sur l'efficacité réelle des produits disponibles sur le marché. Dans notre revue critique, nous tentons de saisir les bienfaits que divers programmes d'entrainement cognitif peuvent apporter, et nous évaluons les preuves en faveur ou en défaveur des programmes d'entrainement cognitif disponibles sur le marché. Nos recherches indiquent que, bien que certains types d'entrainement soient source de bienfaits cognitifs, plusieurs programmes promettent des effets qui ne sont pas soutenus par des preuves scientifiques suffisantes. Dans notre projet de recherche, nous étudions l'efficacité d'une adaptation d'un programme d'entrainement cognitif ayant été validé scientifiquement : l'entrainement de l'attention par programme informatisé. Nous tentons de déterminer l'efficacité clinique de ce type d'intervention chez les jeunes enfants atteints de troubles d'habitudes et d'impulsions, entre autre chez les enfants atteints du trouble de déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité, du trouble oppositionnel avec provocation ou du trouble des conduites. Les résultats de notre étude révèlent que, bien que l'évaluation subjective du comportement de l'enfant semble s'améliorer suite à l'entrainement de l'attention, il est possible que les enfants aient besoin de séances d'entrainement prolongées afin de démontrer des bienfaits pouvant être mesurés objectivement, tels qu'une augmentation de l'intelligence ou de l'attention. Les études à venir devront évaluer l'efficacité et la stabilité à long terme des effets de ces programmes et enquêter la possibilité qu'un entrainement soutenu provoque des changements plus précis pouvant éventuellement être détectés par des techniques d'imagerie cérébrale.
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Hillberg, Tanja. "Investigating the role of childhood maltreatment and witnessing intimate partner violence on childhood behaviour and mental health." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/921/.

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The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of childhood maltreatment (CM) and witnessing intimate partner violence (W.IPV) on childhood behaviour and mental health (MH). The complex interaction of risk, protection and mediating factors are considered in the ecological model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). Part I of the thesis provides a systematic examination of the literature. Chapter 1 considered the strengths and weaknesses of existing meta-analytical reviews on the association between childhood sexual abuse and adult psychopathology. This highlighted the need to address issues of study validity. Chapter 2 reviews the link between CM and childhood behavioural and emotional difficulties, concluding that the same vulnerability to these difficulties exists in childhood as in adulthood. The ecological model provides a structure for understanding how a combination of contextual levels influences a child’s vulnerability. Part II investigates the relationship between CM and MH outcomes. Chapter 3 examines the effect of CM and/or W.IPV in a community sample, highlighting the mediating properties of emotion regulation and pro-social behaviour. In a clinical sample, concurrent W.IPV/CM was associated with more adverse outcomes at pre-treatment (Chapters 4,5,7) and post-treatment (Chapter 5), as well as recurrent re-referrals to MH services (Chapter 6). Parental nationality (Chapter 4, 5), maternal economic/housing difficulties (Chapters 5, 6), and peer friendship difficulties (Chapters 4, 5, 6) were consistently found to have a short-term, rather than a long-term effect, on a child’s well-being. The results of the thesis are discussed in terms of policies and practical implications for future research.
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Lawrence, Karen A. 1952. "Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education (EI/ECSE) and early childhood mental health services: A qualitative study of programs in Oregon." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8549.

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xv, 244 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
Incorporation of a mental health focus into Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education (EI/ECSE) services is considered critical by many professionals due to the vulnerability of young children with disabilities to developing behavior problems, mental health disorders, and to experiencing maltreatment. This qualitative research study investigated ways personnel in EI/ECSE agencies in Oregon are addressing the mental health needs of the children and families they serve. How mental health is conceptualized by EI/ECSE providers, how well prepared providers are in addressing the needs, what kinds of strategies are used to serve children and families, and how adequately EI/ECSE families and children are served by the mental health system were explored. The study was divided into two parts, which included a state-wide study of 14 EI/ECSE agencies in five regions in Oregon, and an in-depth study of one EI/ECSE agency that has employed a mental health consultant. State-wide agencies were mainly located in rural parts of the state, although two education service districts in metropolitan areas were included. The perspectives of 10 mental health providers from community mental health centers were also collected. The most salient issues that surfaced in the state-wide study included the focus of EI/ECSE concern on behavioral and mental health problems in children ages three through five and strategies for related behavior management in classroom settings, the importance of collaboration with community agencies, and a desire for increased partnership with mental health. Interviews with both EI/ECSE and mental health agencies revealed problems in the mental health system including training of therapists in working with very young children, gaps in services for children who were not Medicaid-eligible and in services for parents with their own psychological issues, and in the capacity to serve all of the children who were referred. The in-depth study focused on one EI/ECSE agency that was developing staff competence in relationship-based work with families through support from a mental health consultant employed by the agency. Salient issues included funding for a mental health consultant in an educational agency, development of mental health services for early childhood through community collaboration, and supporting staff through reflective supervision.
Adviser: Jane Squires
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Morrison, Pamela A. "Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation: A Comparison of Unlicensed and Licensed Professionals." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1793.

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This study was conducted to comparatively examine child specific expulsion rates and parent satisfaction of children who received early childhood mental health consultation (ECMHC) services delivered in 2 states for the 2012 program year: Maryland (unlicensed) and Delaware (licensed) . This current study examined secondary data to determine whether unlicensed (Maryland) ECMHC professionals are equally or more effective than licensed (Delaware) ECMHC professionals. Of the total number of child specific consultations or cases referred for services in Maryland (unlicensed), N = 370, n = 266 children avoided expulsion and were able to remain at their childcare placements while n = 17 children were expulsed. Of the total number of child specific consultations or cases referred for services in Delaware (licensed), N = 135, n = 119 children were able to remain in their childcare placements while n = 3 children were expulsed. The results of this study revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in expulsion rates between Unlicensed (Maryland) professionals and Licensed (Delaware) professionals. Results suggest that licensure status of ECMHC professionals has no affect on expulsion rate outcomes and should receive further examination. Additionally, results could support policy changes that could lead to a national credentialing process that would address the current gap in ECMHC services due to the shortage of qualified ECMHC professionals. This study was unable to determine the outcome of parent satisfaction due to missing data. Future direction should include replication using a mixed longitudinal study.
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Vracotas, Nadia. "Outcome in first-episode psychosis: the role of self-esteem, parenting style, and childhood trauma." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66913.

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Self-esteem is an important construct in psychiatric disorders. We hypothesize that in patients with first onset of a psychotic disorder, self-esteem will be associated with outcome and it will, in turn, be influenced by early life experiences. Methods: The Self-Esteem Rating Scale, The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), the Measure of Parental Style (MOPS) and The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were administered to individuals with first-episode psychosis. Symptoms and the GAF were assessed at entry to the program and at six months. Results: Self-esteem was positively correlated with the GAF, but not with remission status at six months. Self-esteem was negatively correlated with the PBI Overprotection, MOPS Overcontrol and Abuse subscales, in relation to mothers and also negatively with Emotional Neglect, Emotional Abuse and Sexual Abuse subscales of the CTQ. Conclusion: Self-esteem influences outcome in early psychosis and is in turn, influenced by early life experiences. This may have implications for designing special interventions to improve outcome.
L'estime de soi est un élément important dans le développement de troubles psychiatriques. Nous posons l'hypothèse que chez les patients présentant des signes avant-coureurs de trouble psychotique, l'estime de soi sera associée avec le pronostic et elle sera en retour influencée par les expériences en début de vie.Méthode: L'échelle de mesure de l'estime de soi (The Self-Esteem Rating Scale), la mesure sur l'attachement parental (PBI), l'instrument de mesure sur le style d'attachement (MOPS) et le questionnaire des traumatismes de l'enfance (CTQ) ont été administrés aux individus confrontés à un premier épisode psychotique. Les symptômes et le niveau de fonctionnement global (GAF) ont été évalués à l'entrée du programme et six mois plus tard.Résultats: L'estime de soi était corrélée positivement avec le GAF, mais elle n'était pas corrélée avec le statut de rémission à six mois. L'estime de soi était négativement corrélée avec la surprotection du PBI, les échelles de surcontrôle et d'abus du MOPS, en relation avec les mères. L'estime de soi était aussi négativement corrélée avec les échelles de négligence émotionnelle, d'abus émotionnel et sexuel du CTQ.Conclusion: L'estime de soi influence le pronostic de psychoses précoces et, en retour, elle est influencée par les premières expériences de vie. Ceci pourrait avoir des implications afin de développer des interventions spécialisées améliorant le pronostic.
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Abraham, Natalia. "Childhood Adversity, Deployment-Related Stress, and Mental Health in the Canadian Armed Forces." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36520.

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Background: For decades, researchers have been striving to better understand the complex mix of factors underlying post-combat mental illness, in the hope of enabling better outcomes for military personnel. This study focuses on investigating the behavior and possible interaction of two risk factors for poor mental health post-deployment to a combat mission: adverse childhood experience (ACE) and deployment-related stressful experience (DRSE). Methods: A longitudinal dataset linking data from 3302 military personnel at recruitment to data collected post-deployment to Canada’s mission in Afghanistan was analysed, using novel scoring systems for exposure classification. Results: Significant ACE-DRSE interaction terms were found in relation to SF-36 MCS, depression and suicidal ideation: the negative effect DRSE had on mental health outcomes was amplified as ACE levels increased. Conclusion: Individuals with a history of childhood adversity are more susceptible to the negative mental health impacts of stressful experiences during deployment to a combat zone.
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Dower, Elizabeth. "Stress and trauma in infancy and early childhood : implications for later mental health." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31332.

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One of the challenges for clinicians is to identify those infants who are at risk of later psychopathology and to intervene at an early stage. The study of negative life events for children from birth to three years of age has been comparatively neglected despite the fact that the fields of psychoanalysis, forensic psychology, developmental psychopathology and neuro-psychology all emphasis the importance of the early years. Aim: Drawing from the literature, this study examined life events that disrupt the first attachment relationship and proposed that early behavioural difficulties in children are the result of the stress and trauma consequently experienced. Method: A Life Events Checklist was designed and used as a measure in two cross sectional studies that examined the nature and incidence of life events occurring to children between birth and three years [a] in a clinical sample [N = 123] and [b] in a community sample [N = 193]. Events occurring in the three year period prior to referral were also recorded in the clinical study. Results showed that children in the clinical study experienced a high number of life events across time although more event were experienced in the first three years than in the three years prior to referral. Logistic regression analysis applied to both sets of data indicated an event of loss, a disturbed relationship and/or a trauma in the first 18 months of life could predict later mental health problems. The data showed that Health Visitors were less likely to express concerns at this early stage. The implications of the study for early assessment and intervention are discussed. Clinical interventions with children referred to child mental health services need to address symptoms of stress and trauma through the limbic system rather than through cognitive and behavioural approaches alone.
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Lundqvist, Gunilla. "Childhood sexual abuse women's mental and social health before and after group therapy /." Lund : Univ, 2005. http://theses.lub.lu.se/postgrad/search.tkl?field_query1=pubid&query1=med_1075&recordformat=display.

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Hermenau, Katharin [Verfasser]. "Violent childhood experiences - Consequences on mental health and approaches to intervention / Katharin Hermenau." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058326007/34.

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Clay, Sarah R. "Childhood resilience in relation to the physical and mental health of the family." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49286/.

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The thesis comprises three papers; a literature review, an empirical paper, and a reflective paper. The first is a critical review of studies of interventions aimed at preventing depression among children of parents with depression. Much research evidences the potential negative impact on this young population, and therefore researchers have begun to use family, cognitivebehavioural, and parenting interventions, to try to prevent the onset of depression in these children, instead bolstering resilience. The review finds that although the research is relatively new, there are promising signs that all of these types of interventions may help in some way towards preventing the transmission of depression from parent to child, but further research is needed to determine the validity and duration of these effects. The empirical paper presents a study of resilience in children who have a sibling with diabetes, as compared to a control group. It was found that when controlling for covariates of self-esteem and family functioning, resilience levels were the same for both groups. Previous research has focussed on the potential negative impact on siblings of children with health or learning difficulties, but this research suggests that this population may also be as resilient as their peers whose siblings do not have such difficulties. The final chapter discusses reflections on the research process, and areas of personal and professional learning and development that have arisen as a result.
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Statman-Weil, Katie. "The Interplay Between Early Childhood Education and Mental Health: How Students in an In-Service Early Childhood Teacher Education Program Experience Children with Mental Health and Behavioral Challenges in the Classroom." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4638.

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All early childhood educators who work with children between birth and six years of age are likely to encounter young children who experience behavioral and mental health challenges throughout their careers. Research demonstrates that educators can play a vital role in children's mental health and behavioral development. However, often early childhood educators do not believe they have the knowledge or tools to accurately identify and successfully handle the unique challenges that arise when working with children with behavioral and mental health issues. Using an Anti-Oppressive Framework, this research study explores, through a qualitative case study design, how students in an in-service teacher education program experience children with mental health and behavioral issues in their classrooms. The following research question was used to guide this study: how do students in an in-service early childhood teacher education program think about, emotionally react to, and engage with children who express mental health issues and challenging behaviors in their classrooms? This paper begins by discussing the prevalence and needs of children with mental health and behavioral issues in early childhood environments. It then synthesizes the relevant literature related to the phenomenon. Next, it describes and defends a study that offered opportunities for students in an in-service teacher education program to consider their beliefs, emotions, and actions concerning inclusive education. From the research findings, implications for practice are revealed, offering ideas to support teacher education programs in better preparing their students to work with all young learners. Lastly, ideas for future research are elucidated.
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Banks, Beth Ellen Lawing 1959. "Women and childhood trauma: A handbook for substance abuse counselors." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278366.

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Research indicates that at least half of all women substance abusers were abused in childhood and this trauma negatively impacts substance abuse recovery. Professionals in the field agree that substance abuse counselors need to understand trauma, its effects, and treatment in order to work with their female clients. The purpose of this thesis was to develop a handbook to assist substance abuse counselors in private practice in assessing and treating child abuse trauma in women substance abusers. The handbook was developed through the historical research method and the action method of applied research. The handbook outline and completed manuscript were evaluated by substance abuse counselors in private practice with experience counseling trauma survivors. The evaluations indicated the handbook would be useful for substance abuse counselors. Recommendations for changes suggested by the evaluators will be made prior to publication. Implications for further research on women substance abusers and childhood trauma are presented.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children’s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.

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Brady, Ann Marie Brigid. "Chronic illness in childhood and adolescence : a longitudinal exploration of co-occurring mental illness." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31703.

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Chronic health problems are hypothesised to be a risk factor to child and adolescent mental health, due the consistent and continuing stress these health problems pose to normative patterns of development. However, this theory remains to be substantiated by empirical research. Moreover, a systematic review conducted as part of this research indicated that the empirical body is not one on which the validity of this theory can be adequately tested. The major question posed is whether the lack of high quality epidemiological data in the field is obscuring a true psychiatric risk associated with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence, or whether, in contrast, the theory of chronic health problems as a particular risk factor to child and adolescent mental health, is based on false premises. In order to provide a stronger insight into the association of chronic health problems to mental ill-health across the late childhood and adolescent period, this study used data from a large, representative British sample (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)) and sensitive measures of mental health outcomes. Mediating factors in these associations were also identified, and a model of the association of chronic health problems to poor mental health outcomes in early adolescence was developed. In order to ensure that all findings were applicable across chronic health conditions, outcomes over this period for children with chronic illness more generally were compared to outcomes for children with asthma diagnoses. Children with chronic health problems presented with a disproportionate rate of psychiatric illness at 10 years, and these chronic health problems continued to be associated with poor mental health outcomes across the early to mid-adolescent period. The outcomes at 10 and 13 years were suggested to be mediated by factors non-specific to any diagnosis, specifically peer victimisation and health-related school absenteeism. Limitations to external validity in the research, and implications for public health and future research are discussed.
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Quarless, Mona L. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Neighborhood Disorganization, Co-parenting: The Impact on College Student Mental Health." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6083.

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Though mental health issues are prevalent amongst college students, pre-college environment and experiences are largely overlooked as potential factors in scientific literature. The current study examined the association of neighborhood disorganization, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and mental health outcomes in a sample of college students. Utilizing the ecological model of human development and risk-resilience framework, I examined co-parenting quality as a plausible protective factor against the negative effects of adverse childhood experiences and neighborhood disorder. Self-report measures of ACEs, co-parenting quality, neighborhood disorder, anxiety, and depression were completed by a sample of college students (N = 259; mean age = 19.2 years). Simultaneous multiple regressions indicated that more ACEs predicted more depression and anxiety symptoms. However, neighborhood disorder did not predict anxiety or depression, and co-parenting quality did not moderate the association between neighborhood and mental health or ACEs and mental health outcomes. Results highlight future researchers should investigate pre-college environment to better understand college student mental health.
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Mayeux, Alexis. "Adaptive Functioning and Attachments in Adult-Children of Early Childhood Divorce." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843664.

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Research on the negative impact of divorce on children’s well-being is extensive and indicates that, on average, children from divorced families suffer from more adjustment difficulties than those whose families remained intact. However, few studies have been done on the specific long-term effects on individuals who experienced parental divorce when they were particularly young. Are there maladaptive behaviors, or other implications for adult adjustment? This study explores the adaptive functioning of a college population of young adults whose parents divorced between the ages of two and seven. Participants completed questionnaires on demographic information, current level of functioning, parental marital status, and survey items taken from reliable measures. The responses of participants who were between the ages of two and seven during time of divorce were compared to the responses of two control groups: individuals whose parents divorced after the age of seven, and individuals whose families remained intact. Results indicated that marital status grouping (early divorce, later divorce, or intact family) did have a significant effect on certain aspects of adaptive functioning. Adult children of early childhood divorce indicated lower formal educational attainment, lower financial status, more reports of mental health diagnosis, higher number of transitory adult intimate relationships, less secure attachment to father, lower self-esteem, and greater learned helplessness than both later childhood divorce and intact family participants. The developmental timeframe in which divorce occurs plays a key role in young adult adaptive functioning.

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Burgin, Elizabeth. "Effectiveness of Child-Centered Play Therapy on Childhood Depression." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703432/.

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Depression in childhood is a significant mental health concern, impacting cognitive, affective, social, behavioral, and physical domains. Children who experience depressive symptoms are at an increased risk for physical and mental health, social, and behavioral problems throughout adulthood. Children who are marginalized due to their socioeconomic status, racial and ethnic identities are at an increased risk to experience depression and limited access to mental health care. Further, previous research has demonstrated limited efficacy of depression treatments for young children. In this study, I examined the efficacy of child-centered play therapy [CCPT], a culturally and developmentally responsive treatment, on depression among young children. Participants were 71 children from five Title 1 elementary schools in the southwestern U.S. referred by school personnel for depressive symptoms (49 males, 22 females; ages 5-9, mean age M = 6.21). The sample consisted of 14 (19.7%) African American, 3 (4.2%) Asian American, 15 (21.1%) biracial, 19 (26.8%) Caucasian, and 20 (28.2%) Latino children. Participants were randomly assigned to eight weeks of twice-weekly CCPT treatment group (n = 34) or a waitlist control group (n = 37). Results of doubly multivariate repeated-measures MANOVA revealed statistically significant improvement in depressive symptoms for children who participated in CCPT on the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire Parent and DOF Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale. Repeated measures ANOVA on DOF Total Problems indicated that children in CCPT statistically significantly decreased their demonstration of overall problem behaviors as rated by blind observers. Results of this study support the effectiveness of CCPT with young children of diverse ethnocultural and socioeconomic background.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children⁰́₉s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009
Title from PDF (viewed on 26 May 2009) Includes abstract Mandel School of Applied Sciences (Social Welfare) Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Desierto, Gregory Gonzaga. ""Kumibo Ka Naman Diyan"| Childhood Sexual Abuse Disclosures of Filipino American Men." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3620260.

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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among Filipino American men is a rarely discussed phenomenon and continues to be an understudied topic. To date, theories and empirical research on CSA disclosures are predominantly based on the experiences of White Euro-centric females and males. In this study, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the narratives of 12 Filipino American men with CSA histories to gain a better understanding of their CSA disclosures. Specifically, this study highlighted factors that have prevented and promoted their CSA disclosures. Overall, results in this study indicated that Filipino American men's CSA disclosures were generally uncomfortable and included notable non-verbal experiences; however, they were very much relieved by their disclosures. Core themes that reflected the barriers to their CSA disclosures included: (a) protecting the family; (b) preserving masculinity; (c) sexual taboos and boundaries; (d) lack of containment for discloser's experience; and (e) lack of intimacy and connection. Core themes that represented the promoters to their CSA disclosures included: (a) having access to intimacy and close relationships; (b) having support, stability, and safety; (c) addressing emotional issues; (d) wanting progress or a better life; and (e) gaining cognitive awareness that they were subjected to CSA. Political and societal, as well as clinical and theoretical implications of findings are discussed.

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Lawrence, Karen A. "Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education (EI/ECSE) and early childhood mental health services : a qualitative study of programs in Oregon /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8549.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 230-244). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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Creviston, Megan. "Adverse Childhood Experiences among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1610112137970568.

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Selwood, Emma. "The role of attachment in adult mental health difficulties following the experience of childhood abuse." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/359670/.

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Child abuse is recognised to contribute to the development of adult mental health problems and personality disorders. The role of attachment in this relationship is widely acknowledged, but not well understood. A systematic review of the literature investigated studies considering the role of adult attachment in symptoms of PTSD in populations which had experienced child abuse. Different attachment styles, particularly ‘negative model of self’ were shown to be associated with PTSD. Moderating and mediating roles of attachment was observed across some, but not all studies. The influence of different forms of abuse and attachment figures were observed and discussed with relation to limitations of studies and clinical implications. Prevalence rates of child abuse, mental health difficulties, personality disorders and emotion dysregulation are high in the homeless population. Although associated with these factors, the relationship with attachment has not been researched. The empirical paper used a cross sectional design to investigate the presence of personality constructs associated with self-control, and, the role of attachment with these factors. Ninety-one participants completed self-report measures, identifying high levels of ego under-control and ego-resiliency. Results showed significant correlations across the majority of variables. Bootstrapping methodology suggested anxious attachment mediated the relationship between child abuse and emotion dysregulation. Further analysis showed emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between anxious and avoidant attachment, and, self-control. These findings provide further support for the role of attachment in mental health problems and personality disorders, and, previous research recognising the importance of individual factors influencing the experience of being homelessness.
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Rajo, Erika. "A Mixed Methods Study Examining Parent Impressions of a Psychoeducational Program on Common Issues During Childhood." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10601119.

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The rate of youth suffering from untreated emotional and behavioral problems has risen in recent years. Various barriers to treatment utilization of youth and their families have been identified in the literature, including logistical factors (i.e. transportation, lack of child care), financial barriers, as well as system barriers (i.e. limited knowledge of mental health difficulties among parents of young children). Parents/caregivers are often the primary gatekeepers to treatment for children suffering from mental health problems. Additionally, psychoeducational programs have increasingly gained support as an effective evidence-based practice that may bolster treatment utilization among youth. A psychoeducational program for parents of school-aged children was developed to teach empirically-based strategies for managing common childhood problems and to help parents understand when and how to refer to professional services. A mixed methods study was conducted as a means to gain teacher impressions of the program’s effectiveness in disseminating evidence-based home strategies that can be used by parents to manage common childhood problems. Qualitative data analysis procedures based on grounded theory were undertaken to code collected data from narrative interviews. Major themes that emerged included importance of parent psychoeducation, need for social skills training, need for effective discipline techniques, preference for modular training, and scheduling with consideration for parental time constraints. Quantitative data analysis revealed that usefulness of behavioral interventions received the highest average rating between very much and extremely (M = 4.67, SD = 0.52) from participants, while knowledge increase post program overview had a medium level impact between somewhat and very much (M = 3.83, SD = 0.98). Limitations, strengths, and recommendations for future directions are discussed.

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Vuorenkoski, L. (Lauri). "Childhood between two countries:resilience and mental well-being of Finnish remigrant children and adolescents." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514256018.

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Abstract The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of return migration on the mental well-being of Finnish children and adolescents in the short and long term. The thesis presents results on the prevalence of mental symptoms and how mental well-being is associated with social contacts and language use among returning migrants. The children and adolescents in this study had lived part of their lives in Sweden. Many Finnish young adults migrated to Sweden in search for work in the 1960s and 1970s, when job opportunities were better in Sweden than in Finland. In the 1980s the direction of migration flow changed, and many of the migrants moved back with their families. The sample consisted all the 320 Finnish remigrant children who remigrated from Sweden to northern Finland in the years 1984 and 1985 and who attended comprehensive school after their remigration. A control group was formed by assigning each remigrant child a non-migrant counterpart of the same sex, age and class level in Finland. Information was gathered in three phases: In the first phase in 1986, questionnaires were sent to the children and their parents and teachers. In the second phase in 1992, questionnaires were sent to the adolescents and their parents, but not to the teachers, because many had already finished school. Thirdly, information on the hospital admissions of these children was obtained in the years 1986-96 from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register (FHDR), which is held by the state. The main outcome variables were obtained from Children"s Depression Inventory (CDI) and Children"s Behavioural Questionnaire for Parents (RA2) and Teachers (RB2). Remigrant children had more depression and behavioural disturbances than their native peers shortly after remigration. Six years later they still had more depression. During the 10-year period after remigration, 13 remigrants had had inpatient care because of a psychiatric diagnosis compared to only two controls with such a diagnosis. Age at remigration and sex had an influence on the manifestation of psychiatric symptoms after remigration. Especially preadolescent boys had more psychiatric symptoms shortly after migration. After remigration to Finland, the remigrants had equally many friends as their controls, but they still felt more lonely as long as six years after remigration. Simultaneous maintenance of both the native language and the second language together with the two cultures experienced in childhood enhanced the remigrant"s mental well-being. However, the principle of one person - one language was essentially important.
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Rivera, Bryant. "Factors Affecting Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Interventions Designed to Address the Problem| A Systematic Literature Review." Thesis, California State University, Los Angeles, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10279834.

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Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse are increasing and there is a gap in the This study examines the literature on adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse and the effects on their mental health. The findings show that adults survivors of childhood sexual abuse have a higher rate of depression, anxiety, suicide, and substance abuse when compared to non-abused adults. Gathering the most recent information, this study analyzes interventions that can improve the mental health of adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Concurrently, this study discusses how cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most effective intervention when compared to group therapy. Results show that the trauma focused component of CBT as well as homework and exercises given show a decrease in maladaptive behavior after the intervention concludes. Findings have implications for future research, including combining both interventions to provide a holistic intervention.

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Roman, Harrington Kara. "Understanding Obesity Development: Investigating the Influence of Mental Health, Self-efficacy, and Self-regulation on Children's Health Behaviors." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2580.

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Thesis advisor: Maureen E. Kenny
Childhood obesity is one of the most significant threats to the health development of children in the United States. A relationship has been found between mental health conditions, such as depression, and obesity development. Obesity prevention initiatives frequently target children's health behaviors due to their important role in the development of childhood obesity. Yet despite their importance, relatively little is known about the association between mental health factors and children's health behaviors. In addition, self-efficacy and self-regulation, cognitive factors which have been found to have a prominent role in behavior change, may also be correlated with children's health behaviors. These cognitive factors may also interact with mental health factors to predict children's health behaviors. The current study sought to investigate whether or not internalizing behaviors, self-efficacy, and self-regulation significantly predicted healthy eating behavior, unhealthy eating behavior, and physical activity behavior in preadolescent children. The study was a secondary data analysis of the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) Phase II-III data. Internalizing behaviors were found to have a significant relationship with unhealthy eating behaviors for both boys and girls, however, the relationship was positive for girls and negative for boys. Among the cognitive factors, sports self-efficacy and self-regulation, sports self-efficacy was found to be a significant predictor of physical activity behavior for both boys and girls. In addition, the moderating relationship between internalizing behaviors and self-regulation as a predictor of physical activity behavior was supported for boys. Findings from the study indicate individual psychological factors, such as mental health and self-efficacy may have a significant influence on children's health behaviors. Results also suggest factors at the psychological level may be interacting with one another, along with factors at the biological and social levels of development, to influence health behaviors. The current study highlights that investigating the psychological factors influencing health behaviors may yield an important contribution towards understanding obesity development. These findings have implications both for identifying children at risk for developing obesity, as well as, the design and implementation of obesity prevention initiatives
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology
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Baker, Christina. "Evaluation of Professional Training on Anxiety: Serving Educators in a Low-Income School." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406880815.

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Juarez, Rocio. "A Mental Health Program for Recipients of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784339.

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The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal to fund a comprehensive mental health program for undocumented youth and young adults who qualified for DACA, and are residents of the City of Long Beach, and adjacent cities. Through receiving these direct services, the undocumented youth and young adults will gain skills to increase their overall well-being.

A literature review was conducted on the history of immigration in the United States, and policy as it relates to undocumented youth. Research was also conducted on evidence-based practices, with a focus on effectiveness in treating depression, anxiety, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). After conducting research for potential funding sources, the grant writer concluded that the California Wellness Foundation was the best potential funder.

The actual submission of the grant proposal is not a requirement for the completion of this thesis.

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Chamberlain, Kristin R. "Adverse Childhood Experiences in Relation to Psychological Capital, Mental Health, and Well-being in College Students." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1583920904840024.

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Reynolds, Leslie S. "Mental Health Among U.S. Adolescents: the Role of State Policy, Economic Context, and Adverse Childhood Experiences." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1600185650884874.

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Delker, Brianna. "Relationships without Reward: The Role of Childhood Abuse History in Maternal Addiction, Mental Health, and Parenting." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22615.

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Being a mother is often described as a difficult but rewarding experience. Maternal parenting reward (PR) may serve an important function, helping to facilitate responsive maternal care and healthy infant development. However, it should not be taken for granted that the rewards of parenting will emerge naturally for women, particularly women who were abused by their own caregivers in childhood, within family systems that enabled or perpetuated the abuse. Despite an abundance of research on the neurobiological correlates of PR, surprisingly little is known about mothers’ self-reported experience of PR, both in general and in relation to early adversity. The aims of this survey-based dissertation were to develop and psychometrically evaluate a PR self-report measure, and to determine the extent to which childhood abuse predicts short-term (family betrayal) and long-term (maternal depression, posttraumatic stress, and problematic substance use) sequelae of abuse that are associated with diminished PR. In Study 1, with 203 mothers of young children, the final 14-item questionnaire assessed PR in a way that was not confounded with social desirability or maternal demographic characteristics, and was distinct from the related constructs of parenting pleasure and satisfaction. On average, mothers reported being highly rewarded by parenting, though there were individual differences in PR within and across mothers. In Study 2, with 270 mothers of young children, maternal history of childhood psychological and sexual abuse by caregivers each predicted diminished PR indirectly. Childhood psychological abuse was strongly associated with family betrayal, or actions and inactions by the family of origin that enabled or perpetuated abuse, which in turn predicted recent maternal depression and posttraumatic stress, each of which predicted diminished PR. The association between childhood sexual abuse and diminished PR was mediated by increased maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms only, not by family betrayal or alcohol use problems related to posttraumatic stress, as hypothesized. Although alcohol use problems predicted diminished PR at the bivariate level, they did not predict PR in the full model. Maternal childhood abuse by caregivers is indirectly associated with disruptions to the social rewards of attachment, with potential intergenerational consequences for the mother-infant relationship and infant development.
10000-01-01
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Strine, Tara Wynn. "The mediating role of psychological distress in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and adult smoking." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/791.

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While research has indicated that impaired mental health partially mediates the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and alcohol and illicit drug use, little research has examined potential mediators in the relationship between ACEs and smoking, the number one cause of preventable mortality in the United States. Accordingly, this study examined the potential mediating effect of psychological distress on the relationship between ACES and smoking using data from Wave II of the ACE Study, a cross-sectional study completed between June and October of 1997 on a sample of adult health maintenance organization members (N = 7,211). The theoretical underpinnings for this study were grounded in the developmental psychopathological perspective which examines both environmental and biological influences as they interact to promote or impede social, emotional, and behavioral development. Mediation modeling employing both linear and logistic regression techniques indicated that, after adjusting by select covariates, psychological distress (as assessed using the SF-36 Mental Component Summary score) partially mediated the relationship between several of the ACEs examined and smoking in women. These same relationships were not found in men. This research contains several key findings with social change implications. First, additional research should be conducted to examine the causes, developmental paths, and critical points that link ACEs and psychological distress to smoking among women. Second, given the gender differences in the association between ACEs and smoking, gender-specific intervention programs that build resiliency, increase positive social support, and provide tools for developing alternative coping strategies may be important adjuncts to smoking cessation programs, particularly for women with a history of ACEs.
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Plant, Dominic. "When one childhood meets another : maternal child maltreatment and offspring child psychopathology." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15001/.

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Studies have shown that a mother’s history of child maltreatment is associated with her child’s experience of internalising and externalising difficulties. This study aimed to characterise the mediating pathways that may underpin this association. Data on a mother’s history of child maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, depression after birth, maladaptive parenting practices and her child’s experience of maltreatment and preadolescent internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in a sample of 9,397 mother-child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to child age 13. The results showed that maternal history of child maltreatment was significantly associated with child internalising and externalising difficulties in preadolescence. Maternal antenatal depression, post-birth depression, maladaptive parenting and child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association. The study concluded that psychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and improving parenting skills, could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood experiences to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
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Okwori, Glory, Elaine Loudermilk, Steven Stewart, Delaney Lawson, and Megan Quinn. "Health Care Burden and Expenditure Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences in Tennessee and Virginia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/72.

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Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been considered a significant risk factor for poorer adult outcomes. Considering the studies linking ACEs to chronic diseases in adulthood as well as the increasing prevalence for these chronic conditions, exposure to childhood traumas represents a significant economic burden in the United States which has not been explored. This study provides the first examination of the attributable burden and costs of conditions associated with exposure to ACEs in Tennessee (TN) and Virginia (VA) during 2017. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 18+ having exposure to ACEs using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for TN and VA in 2017. Eight chronic diseases (asthma, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, cardiovascular disease, and arthritis ) and two risk factors (smoking and drinking ) associated with ACEs were analyzed. Pearson's chi-square tests analyzed the association between individuals exposed to ACEs and the risk factors with the chronic diseases. The population attributable risk (PAR) were estimated for the ACEs related diseases and risk factors. These estimates were combined with published estimates of health care expenses and Disability Adjusted-Life-Years (DALYs). Results: Among those who had experienced at least 1 ACE in TN, 10% had COPD, 17% had diabetes, 36% had obesity, and 30% had depression. Individuals who had experienced at least 1 ACE in VA had higher percentages for COPD, obesity and depression diseases compared to those who had no ACE (p< .0001). ACEs exposure resulted in a burden of about 115,00 years and 125,000 years in terms of DALYs in TN and VA respectively. The total health spending associated with ACEs based on PARs was about $650 million ($158.15 per adult) and $942 million ($305.02 per adult) in TN and VA respectively. Depression accounted for the largest combined sum of health care spending (TN - $448,105,983, VA – $633,225,398). With DALYs valued at $235,855 in 2017 dollars, the monetized cost of DALYs attributable to ACEs was over $27 billion, $6615 per exposed adult Tennessean. The monetized loss due to DALYs represents over $30 billion (in 2017 dollars) , $9,737 per exposed adult in Virginia. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the need to reduce ACEs which can be utilized to inform interventions to reduce the impact of ACEs in Tennessee and Virginia. Medical conditions attributable to childhood traumas can result in increased utilization of hospital services, psychiatric care, as well as care related to chronic conditions, which includes increased primary and specialty care utilization as well as the cost of medications. While medical expenses represent a significant burden, reduced quality of life resulting from ACE attributable conditions also represents a burden in disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and premature morbidity. As resources are limited and the burden of ACEs shown here is very high, there is the need for a wide range of prevention and treatment strategies to mitigate these effects.
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Paz, Jackeline. "Support and psycho-educational group for adult survivors of childhood maltreatment| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585644.

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The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal to create, implement, and test the effectiveness of an innovative support and psycho-educational group program for adult survivors of childhood maltreatment. This pilot program is geared to alleviate trauma related symptoms that impair their ability to be successful members of society. Adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect are often times undetected and not considered as obvious targets for prevention and intervention programs. For this reason, this pilot program was named Interventional Strategies for Imperceptible Survivors of Childhood Maltreatment (ISISMA) to recap their increased need for mental health services and the need to strategize concurrent and comprehensive prevention and treatment approaches.

To address the gap in services and budgetary limitations, this pilot program was delineated to provide services in a group-community setting. It is tailored to mitigate their unique needs and challenges of this marginalized population living in Anaheim and surrounding areas. This pilot program is expected to be an innovative platform for planning, expansion, and implementation of other replicated support and psycho-educational group programs.

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Almendro, Martinique. "A systematic review : the effects of trauma on child mental health and well-being." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5492.

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Magister Artium (Child and Family Studies) - MA(CFS)
Trauma exposure during childhood increases the risk of multitude complex post-trauma symptomology. Extensive research has been conducted on the effects of trauma exposure on adults, and the findings have been thereafter applied to children. This is problematic due to the developmental differences between adults and children. There is thus a need to understand the unique symptomology of children, who have been exposed to trauma, as understanding the effects of childhood trauma will certainly aid in the prevention and treatment of childhood trauma. This study incorporated a systematic review methodology to analyse the effects of exposure to childhood trauma on children’s mental health and wellbeing. Relevant literature from all the methodological paradigms that were published during the specified time period of this study (2000 – 2016) were considered for. Furthermore, the inclusion criteria also specified that only studies of which the participants were children were allowed to be included in the review; studies focusing on adults and their exposure were deliberately excluded. The initial search strategy yielded a total of 316 articles; after all duplicates had been removed and, the titles and abstracts of the remaining articles had been assessed, the number of relevant articles was reduced to 22. These 22 articles were thereafter assessed by means of a critical appraisal tool to evaluate whether they were suitable for inclusion. Several articles were excluded as the focus of the studies were on treatment modalities and the effects of child trauma in adulthood. This signifies a gap in the literature with regard to studies that investigate the effects of child trauma. Ultimately, only 13 of the 22 articles remained. These underwent full-text evaluation and data extraction. Results of this study provide insight into the effects of child trauma on child mental health and well-being. Based on thematic analysis, the results clearly show that children, who are traumatised, have a negative worldview. In addition, the symptoms they manifest are complex, which often lead to misdiagnosis. Moreover, these studies also explain the resilience processes involved when a child is exposed to trauma. In essence, this study provides parents, caregivers, researchers and mental health professionals with an all-inclusive understanding of the effects of childhood trauma based on a scientific body of literature.
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Okwori, Glory. "Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACES): Assessing Their Impact on Mental Health Outcomes Among US Children and the Mitigating Role of Resilience." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3941.

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ACEs are traumatic life events occurring during childhood that can have negative effects. Common mental disorders that are diagnosed in childhood are attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavior disorders, anxiety and depression. The associations between ACEs and such problems in children have not been significantly examined. There are protective factors that can help reduce the effects of exposure to ACEs that have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research study was to examine: 1) the prevalence of mental health outcomes in children; 2) the associations between ACEs, resilience and mental health outcomes; and 3) the role of resiliency as a moderating variable between ACEs and mental health outcomes. A secondary data analysis utilizing data from the 2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) was used to examine the proposed aims. The study population consisted of children between the ages of 3 and 17. Chi-square analyses were utilized, and logistic regression models were constructed. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated. 8.6%, 6.9%, 8.0% and 3.7% currently had ADHD, behavioral disorders, anxiety and depression. The prevalence of each disorder was higher for older age, Whites, public insurance, single parent homes or homes without parents, caregivers with mental health problems and non-users of medical home. Children exposed to 4 or more ACEs had greater odds of ADHD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]= 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52-2.72), behavioral disorders (aOR: 2.47; CI: 1.81-3.37), anxiety (aOR: 2.66; CI: 2.00-3.53) and the strongest relationship was seen with depression (aOR: 4.53; CI: 3.13-6.54). Individual resilience, family resilience and community resilience were associated with decreased odds of mental health outcomes and the strongest relationship was seen with individual resilience. There were significant interactions between exposure to ACEs and child resilience for ADHD (aOR: 0.14; CI: 0.08-0.23), current behavioral disorders (aOR: 0.10; CI: 0.06-0.16), anxiety and (aOR: 0.21; CI: 0.13-0.35) depression (aOR: 0.24; CI: 0.13-0.43) as well as significant interactions between ACE exposure and community resilience for depression (aOR: 0.25; CI: 0.10-0.61). The findings of this research have implications for the improvement of mental health diagnosis, promotion of resilient measures and future research.
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McLaurin, Shamla L. "Childhood Experiences of Sibling Abuse: An investigation into learned helplessness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27272.

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As various forms of interpersonal family violence receive more attention in the literature, sibling abuse is still in the background. Despite the increasing knowledge about the prevalence, causes, and effects of sibling abuse, many of us continue to relegate it to a childhood occurrence. Sibling abuse symptoms continue to go unrecognized and its demoralizing effects continue to be ignored (Wiehe, 1990). Minimization and denial of sibling abuse have also contributed to constraining the extent of knowledge related to this phenomenon. The present study seeks to add to the existing research confirming the existence of sibling victimization and its long-term impacts. This study has two primary purposes: 1) to capture the beliefs, feelings, and firsthand account of the abusive sibling experiences from the perspective of victims, and 2) to investigate the potential learned responses associated with sibling abuse and their possible impact on adult relationships by exploring participantsâ emotional and relational histories, and belief systems. This study presents data taken from a clinical sample of six adult female sibling abuse survivors. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted and data analyzed using cross case analysis, constant comparison, and analytic induction techniques. Data suggests the long-term impacts of learned responses associated with sibling abuse can be detrimental to both interpersonal relationships and mental health. Emergent themes related to family functioning and environment and resiliency after abuse are also presented. Implications of findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Ph. D.
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Dupuis, Gabrielle. "Exploring the Association Between Early Life Stressors & Childhood Protective Factors on Early Adolescent Mental Health Disorders." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38228.

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Abstract Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), both prospective cohorts, were used to explore the association between early life stressors, childhood protective factors, and early adolescent mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Early life stressors were measured prenatally to the age of 3 within the ALSPAC analysis, while early life stressors were measured between the ages of 1-3 within the NLSCY analysis. Childhood protective factors, exclusively modifiable protective factors, (physical activity, extracurricular activities, positive parenting, and positive friendships) were measured between the ages of 6-11 within both ALSPAC and the NLSCY. Mental health outcomes were measured between the ages of 12-15 in both ALSPAC and the NLSCY. The associations between early life stressors and childhood protective factors on early adolescent mental health outcomes were computed using multivariate logistic regression modeling. It was found that the majority of early life stressors, including prenatal stressors and family dysfunction increased the odds of developing early adolescent mental health disorders although more statistically significant results were found within the NLSCY analysis. Contrarily, it was found that the majority of childhood protective factors reduced the likelihood of early adolescent mental health disorders with some exceptions found within the NLSCY analysis. No interaction terms between early life stressors and childhood protective factors were found to be statistically significant.
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Nandi, Corina [Verfasser]. "The Cycle of Violence in Combatants : The Interaction of Childhood Maltreatment, Mental Health, and Aggression / Corina Nandi." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112746188/34.

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