Journal articles on the topic 'Childhood Maltreatment'
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Fenton, M. C., T. Geier, K. Keyes, A. E. Skodol, B. F. Grant, and D. S. Hasin. "Combined role of childhood maltreatment, family history, and gender in the risk for alcohol dependence." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 5 (August 10, 2012): 1045–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712001729.
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BackgroundStudies of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and alcohol dependence have not controlled comprehensively for potential confounding by co-occurring maltreatments and other childhood trauma, or determined whether parental history of alcohol disorders operates synergistically with gender and maltreatment to produce alcohol dependence. We addressed these issues using national data.MethodFace-to-face surveys of 27 712 adult participants in a national survey.ResultsChildhood physical, emotional and sexual abuse, and physical neglect were associated with alcohol dependence (p<0.001), controlling for demographics, co-occurring maltreatments and other childhood trauma. Attributable proportions (APs) due to interaction between each maltreatment and parental history revealed significant synergistic relationships for physical abuse in the entire sample, and for sexual abuse and emotional neglect in women (APs, 0.21, 0.31, 0.26 respectively), indicating that the odds of alcohol dependence given both parental history and these maltreatments were significantly higher than the additive effect of each alone (p<0.05).ConclusionsChildhood maltreatments independently increased the risk of alcohol dependence. Importantly, results suggest a synergistic role of parental alcoholism: the effect of physical abuse on alcohol dependence may depend on parental history, while the effects of sexual abuse and emotional neglect may depend on parental history among women. Findings underscore the importance of early identification and prevention, particularly among those with a family history, and could guide genetic research and intervention development, e.g. programs to reduce the burden of childhood maltreatment may benefit from addressing the negative long-term effects of maltreatments, including potential alcohol problems, across a broad range of childhood environments.
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Plant, D. T., E. D. Barker, C. S. Waters, S. Pawlby, and C. M. Pariante. "Intergenerational transmission of maltreatment and psychopathology: the role of antenatal depression." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 3 (June 14, 2012): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712001298.
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BackgroundMaternal experience of childhood maltreatment and maternal antenatal depression are both associated with offspring childhood maltreatment and offspring adjustment problems. We have investigated the relative impact of maternal childhood maltreatment and exposure to depression in utero on offspring maltreatment and psychopathology.MethodThe sample included 125 families from the South London Child Development Study. A prospective longitudinal design was used. Data on maternal childhood maltreatment, maternal antenatal depression (36 weeks of pregnancy), offspring childhood maltreatment (age 11 years) and offspring adolescent antisocial behaviour and depression (ages 11 and 16 years) were obtained from parents and offspring through clinical interview.ResultsMothers who experienced childhood maltreatment were significantly more likely to be depressed during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 10.00]. Offspring of mothers who experienced only childhood maltreatment or only antenatal depression were no more at risk of being maltreated or having psychopathology; however, offspring of mothers who experienced both maternal childhood maltreatment and antenatal depression were exposed to significantly greater levels of childhood maltreatment and exhibited significantly higher levels of adolescent antisocial behaviour compared with offspring not so exposed. Furthermore, maternal childhood maltreatment accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in offspring childhood maltreatment in only those offspring exposed to depression in utero.ConclusionsMaternal childhood maltreatment and maternal antenatal depression are highly associated. The co-occurrence of both insults significantly increases the risk of offspring adversity. The antenatal period is an optimum period to identify vulnerable women and to provide interventions.
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Young-Wolff, K. C., K. S. Kendler, M. L. Ericson, and C. A. Prescott. "Accounting for the association between childhood maltreatment and alcohol-use disorders in males: a twin study." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 1 (March 29, 2010): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710000425.
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BackgroundAn association between childhood maltreatment and subsequent alcohol abuse and/or dependence (AAD) has been found in multiple studies of females. Less is known about the association between childhood maltreatment and AAD among males, and the mechanisms that underlie this association in either gender. One explanation is that childhood maltreatment increases risk for AAD. An alternative explanation is that the same genetic or environmental factors that increase a child's risk for being maltreated also contribute to risk for AAD in adulthood.MethodLifetime diagnosis of AAD was assessed using structured clinical interviews in a sample of 3527 male participants aged 19–56 years from the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders. The sources of childhood maltreatment–AAD association were estimated using both a matched case–control analysis of twin pairs discordant for childhood maltreatment and bivariate twin modeling.ResultsApproximately 9% of participants reported childhood maltreatment, defined as serious neglect, molestation, or physical abuse occurring before the age of 15 years. Those who experienced childhood maltreatment were 1.74 times as likely to meet AAD criteria compared with males who did not experience childhood maltreatment. The childhood maltreatment–AAD association largely reflected environmental factors in common to members of twin pairs. Additional exploratory analyses provided evidence that AAD risk associated with childhood maltreatment was significantly attenuated after adjusting for measured family-level risk factors.ConclusionsMales who experienced childhood maltreatment had an increased risk for AAD. Our results suggest that the childhood maltreatment–AAD association is attributable to broader environmental adversity shared between twins.
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Riem, Madelon M. E., Lenneke R. A. Alink, Dorothée Out, Marinus H. Van Ijzendoorn, and Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg. "Beating the brain about abuse: Empirical and meta-analytic studies of the association between maltreatment and hippocampal volume across childhood and adolescence." Development and Psychopathology 27, no. 2 (May 2015): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579415000127.
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AbstractWe present new empirical data and meta-analytic evidence for the association of childhood maltreatment with reduced hippocampal volume. In Study 1, we examined the effects of maltreatment experiences reported during the Adult Attachment Interview on hippocampal volume in female twin pairs. We found that reduced hippocampal volume was related to childhood maltreatment. In addition, individuals who reported having experienced maltreatment at older ages had larger reductions in hippocampal volume compared to individuals who reported maltreatment in early childhood. In Study 2, we present the results of a meta-analysis of 49 studies (including 2,720 participants) examining hippocampal volume in relation to experiences of child maltreatment, and test the moderating role of the timing of the maltreatment, the severity of maltreatment, and the time after exposure to maltreatment. The results of the meta-analysis confirmed that experiences of childhood maltreatment are associated with a reduction in hippocampal volume and that the effects of maltreatment are more pronounced when the maltreatment occurs in middle childhood compared to early childhood or adolescence.
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Hwa-Froelich, Deborah. "Childhood Maltreatment and Communication Development." Perspectives on School-Based Issues 13, no. 2 (August 2012): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/sbi13.2.43.
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Abstract Purpose: Maltreatment of children is a common and international problem. The consequences of maltreatment often are misunderstood or unknown. In this article, I will define maltreatment and explore the communication development of children with a history of maltreatment. I reviewed the literature on children experiencing maltreatment, including articles describing the communication development of children remaining in a maltreating environment, children who were recently removed from maltreatment, children in foster care, and children adopted from orphanages. In each study, I found evidence that children who experienced maltreatment demonstrated lower language performance or poorer social knowledge than children who had not experienced maltreatment. Conclusion: Children who have experienced abuse and/or neglect are at risk of poorer receptive, expressive, and social language development. I will discuss the clinical implications of this finding.
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Chen, P., E. F. Coccaro, R. Lee, and K. C. Jacobson. "Moderating effects of childhood maltreatment on associations between social information processing and adult aggression." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 6 (October 19, 2011): 1293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711002212.
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BackgroundAssociations between early life maltreatment, social information processing (SIP) and aggression in childhood and adolescence have been widely documented. Few studies have examined the importance of childhood maltreatment independent of SIP in the etiology of adult aggression. Furthermore, moderating effects of childhood maltreatment on the SIP–aggression links have not been explored.MethodHierarchical, multi-level models were fitted to data from n=2752 twins aged 20–55 years from the PennTwins Cohort. Adult aggression was assessed with the Life History of Aggression questionnaire. Childhood maltreatment was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Two aspects of SIP were examined: hostile attribution biases (HAB); negative emotional responses (NER).ResultsChildhood maltreatment was positively correlated with adult aggression, independently of HAB and NER. In addition, childhood maltreatment moderated the relationships between both aspects of SIP and adult aggression. Specifically, the relationship between NER and aggression was stronger among individuals with higher levels of childhood maltreatment and NER was not associated with aggression for adults who experienced low levels of childhood maltreatment. Moderating effects of childhood maltreatment on the NER–aggression link were supported for total childhood maltreatment, emotional neglect and emotional abuse. In contrast, HAB was more strongly associated with adult aggression at lower levels of emotional abuse and physical neglect.ConclusionsThe current study provides insight into the mechanisms by which early life experiences influence adult aggression. Our findings suggest that childhood maltreatment may not only lead to increased levels of aggression in adulthood but may also modify the associations between SIP and adult aggression.
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Ringle, Jay L., Walter A. Mason, Todd I. Herrenkohl, Gail L. Smith, Amy L. Stevens, and Hyunzee Jung. "Prospective Associations of Child Maltreatment Subtypes With Adult Educational Attainment: Tests of Mediating Mechanisms Through School-Related Outcomes." Child Maltreatment 25, no. 4 (February 4, 2020): 398–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559519900806.
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This study tests a developmental cascades model in which childhood maltreatment is hypothesized to influence adult educational attainment by increasing attention problems and reducing successful school experiences during adolescence. Two path models tested direct and indirect associations of childhood maltreatment with adult educational attainment. Model 1 used three parent-reported subtypes of childhood maltreatment (physical/emotional abuse, sexual abuse, neglect). Model 2 added an agency-reported measure of childhood maltreatment. Both models detected indirect effects of childhood maltreatment subtypes on adult educational attainment through attention and school discipline problems, poor school engagement, and low extracurricular involvement. Model 2 also detected a direct effect of agency-reported childhood maltreatment on the adult outcome. Regardless of the type of maltreatment or data source used, school factors mediated the associations of childhood maltreatment on adult educational attainment. Promoting school engagement and reducing disciplinary referrals for maltreated youth could improve their educational attainment over the long term.
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Wang, Geng-Fu, Liu Jiang, Lu-Han Wang, Guo-Yun Hu, Yu Fang, Shan-Shan Yuan, Xiu-Xiu Wang, and Pu-Yu Su. "Examining Childhood Maltreatment and School Bullying Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study From Anhui Province in China." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 5 (May 3, 2016): 980–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516647000.
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Although a body of research has established the relationship between childhood maltreatment and bullying in Western culture backgrounds, few studies have examined the association between childhood maltreatment experiences and bullying in China. Moreover, to date, the relationship between multiple types of childhood maltreatment and cyber bullying is poorly understood. This study examined the association between multiple types of childhood maltreatment (physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect) and multiple forms of school bullying (physical, verbal, relational, and cyber). A cross-sectional study using three-stage random cluster-sampling approach was conducted in Tongling, Chuzhou, and Fuyang, in Anhui Province. Self-reported questionnaires were completed by 5,726 middle school students to assess their school bullying involvement and childhood maltreatment experiences. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between each single type of childhood maltreatment and each single form of school bullying. Each type of childhood maltreatment was associated with increased risk for involvement in each form of bullying as bullies, victims, and bully-victims. Specifically, both childhood physical neglect and emotional neglect were associated with increased risk for involvement in each form of school bullying. Each type of childhood maltreatment was associated with involvement in cyber bullying. Students who experienced multiple types of childhood maltreatment seem to report more forms of school bullying. Furthermore, multiple forms of school bullying caused the co-occurrence of several forms of school bullying. Our results indicated a significant association between school bullying and childhood maltreatment among adolescents. Interventions to reduce school bullying encompassing prevention toward childhood maltreatment might get better results in China.
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Prados, J., L. Stenz, P. Courtet, P. Prada, R. Nicastro, A. Wafae, S. Guillaume, et al. "Whole-genome epigenetic changes genome regarding childhood maltreatment in patients with borderline personality disorder or depression." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.857.
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Early life adversity plays a critical role in the emergence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and this could occur through epigenetic programming. In this perspective, we aimed to determine whether childhood maltreatment could durably modify epigenetic processes by the means of a whole-genome methylation scan of BPD subjects. Using the Illumina Infinium® Human Methylation450 BeadChip, global methylation status of DNA extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes was correlated to the severity of childhood maltreatment in 96 BPD subjects suffering from a high level of child adversity and 93 subjects suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and reporting a low rate of child maltreatment. Several CpGs within or near the following genes (IL17RA, miR124-3, KCNQ2, EFNB1, OCA2, MFAP2, RPH3AL, WDR60, CST9L, EP400, A2ML1, NT5DC2, FAM163A and SPSB2) were found to be differently methylated, either in BPD compared with MDD or in relation to the severity of childhood maltreatment. A highly relevant biological result was observed for cg04927004 close to miR124-3 that was significantly associated with BPD and severity of childhood maltreatment. miR124-3 codes for a microRNA (miRNA) targeting several genes previously found to be associated with BPD such as NR3C1. Our results highlight the potentially important role played by miRNAs in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders such as BPD and the usefulness of using methylome-wide association studies to uncover such candidate genes. Moreover, they offer new understanding of the impact of maltreatments on biological processes leading to diseases and may ultimately result in the identification of relevant biomarkers.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Gobin, Robyn L., Katherine M. Iverson, Karen Mitchell, Rachel Vaughn, and Patricia A. Resick. "The Impact of Childhood Maltreatment on PTSD Symptoms Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 28, no. 6 (2013): 984–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00090.
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Objective: Intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors often report histories of childhood maltreatment, yet the unique contributions of childhood maltreatment on IPV survivors’ distinct posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms remain inadequately understood. Method: Using interview and self-report measures, we examined IPV as a potential mediator of the association between childhood maltreatment and severity of PTSD symptom clusters (reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal) among a sample of 425 women seeking help for recent IPV. Results: Structural equation modeling demonstrated that while both childhood maltreatment and IPV were both positively associated with PTSD symptom clusters, IPV did not mediate the association between childhood maltreatment and severity of PTSD symptom clusters among acute IPV survivors. Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment has persistent effects on the PTSD symptoms of IPV survivors, suggesting that child maltreatment may need to be addressed in addition to IPV during PTSD treatment.
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Stenz, L., J. Prados, P. Courtet, P. Prada, R. Nicastro, W. Adouan, S. Guillaume, et al. "Borderline personality disorder and childhood maltreatment: A genome-wide methylation analysis." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.400.
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Early life adversity plays a critical role in the emergence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and this could occur through epigenetic programming. In this perspective, we aimed to determine whether childhood maltreatment could durably modify epigenetic processes by the means of a whole-genome methylation scan of BPD subjects. Using the Illumina Infinium® Human Methylation 450 Bead Chip, global methylation status of DNA extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes was correlated to the severity of childhood maltreatment in 96 BPD subjects suffering from a high level of child adversity and 93 subjects suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and reporting a low rate of child maltreatment. Several CpGs within or near the following genes (IL17RA, miR124-3, KCNQ2, EFNB1, OCA2, MFAP2, RPH3AL, WDR60, CST9L, EP400, A2ML1, NT5DC2, FAM163A and SPSB2) were found to be differently methylated, either in BPD compared with MDD or in relation to the severity of childhood maltreatment. A highly relevant biological result was observed for cg04927004 close to miR124-3 that was significantly associated with BPD and severity of childhood maltreatment. miR124-3 codes for a microRNA (miRNA) targeting several genes previously found to be associated with BPD such as NR3C1. Our results highlight the potentially important role played by miRNAs in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders such as BPD and the usefulness of using methylome-wide association studies to uncover such candidate genes. Moreover, they offer new understanding of the impact of maltreatments on biological processes leading to diseases and may ultimately result in the identification of relevant biomarkers.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Steinberg, Jennifer A., Brandon E. Gibb, Lauren B. Alloy, and Lyn Y. Abramson. "Childhood Emotional Maltreatment, Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression, and Self-Referent Information Processing in Adulthood: Reciprocal Relations." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 17, no. 4 (October 2003): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jcop.17.4.347.52541.
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Previous work has established a relationship between reports of childhood emotional maltreatment and cognitive vulnerability to depression, as well as an association between cognitive vulnerability and self-referent information-processing biases. Findings from this study of individuals at low (LR) and high (HR) cognitive risk for depression revealed a relationship between reports of childhood emotional maltreatment and current information processing biases. Specifically, individuals with greater childhood emotional maltreatment exhibited more negative self-referent information processing. Moreover, cognitive risk mediated the relationship between childhood emotional maltreatment and these information-processing biases. Testing an alternate model, information-processing biases also mediated the relationship between childhood emotional maltreatment and cognitive risk.
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Power, Chris, Claudia Thomas, Leah Li, and Clyde Hertzman. "Childhood psychosocial adversity and adult cortisol patterns." British Journal of Psychiatry 201, no. 3 (September 2012): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.111.096032.
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BackgroundCortisol levels may be altered in childhood in association with maltreatment (neglect, abuse and witnessing abuse) and other adversities, yet little is known about whether effects on cortisol persist into later life.AimsTo establish whether childhood psychosocial adversities predict cortisol levels in mid-adulthood.MethodChildhood psychosocial adversities were ascertained in the 1958 British birth cohort and cortisol was measured in two saliva samples, one 45 min after awaking (T1) and the other 3 h later the same day (T2), from 6524 participants aged 45 years.ResultsNo association was seen for abuse or household dysfunction in childhood and adult cortisol levels. In women but not men,T1cortisol was lowered by 7.9% per unit increase in childhood neglect score (range 0–3);T1toT2cortisol decline was less steep. High levels of maltreatment (abuse, neglect, witnessed abuse) were associated with >25% lowerT1cortisol in both men and women, and 24% higherT2cortisol for men after adjustment for concurrent depressive/anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsIn a non-clinical population, cumulative maltreatments in childhood were associated with flattened morning cortisol secretion in mid-adult life.
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Ito, Kanako, Satomi Doi, Aya Isumi, and Takeo Fujiwara. "Association between Childhood Maltreatment History and Premenstrual Syndrome." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020781.
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Childhood maltreatment history has known relationships with various mental and physical diseases; however, little is known about its association with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). In this study, we investigated the association between childhood maltreatment history and PMS among young women in Japan. In a Japanese city, we approached 3815 women aged 10–60 years who visited a gynecology clinic and one general practice clinic. A questionnaire on childhood maltreatment history and PMS was administered to them. We observed that women with histories of childhood maltreatment demonstrated a significantly increased risk of PMS compared with those without such histories (odds ratio: 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.81). Particularly, women with childhood physical or emotional abuse demonstrated a stronger association with PMS, whereas other forms of childhood maltreatment (emotional neglect, witnessing of intimate-partner violence, or sexual abuse) were not associated with PMS. Our results illustrate that childhood maltreatment may be a risk factor for PMS.
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Bender, Marnette, Sarah Cook, and Nadine Kaslow. "Social Support as a Mediator of Revictimization of Low-Income African American Women." Violence and Victims 18, no. 4 (August 2003): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.2003.18.4.419.
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Mediating effects of social support on the link between childhood maltreatment and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) were explored in a sample of 362 low-income, African American women. We examined relations between childhood maltreatment experiences (total maltreatment, sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect) and adult maltreatment (physical IPV and nonphysical IPV). Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed small, but significant, effects. Further, social support mediated revictimization. Social support fully mediated relations in which the form of childhood maltreatment was different than the form of adult IPV (e.g., the relation between childhood sexual abuse and adult nonphysical IPV), but only partially mediated the relations in which the form of childhood maltreatment was similar to adult IPV (e.g., the relation between childhood emotional abuse and adult nonphysical IPV). Implications for clinical interventions for women with intimate partner violence experiences are discussed.
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Longman-Mills, Samantha, Yolanda Maria González Williams, Marlon Osman Melendez Rodriguez, Monica Rosaura García Baquero, Juan Daniel Gómez Rojas, Cristina Juárez de Amaya, Eduardo Alfredo Martínez Diaz, Sobeya Jose Peñalba Corea, Enrique Miguel Pizzanelli Baez, and Lucia Isabel Solórzano Tinoco. "The association between adult drug abuse and childhood maltreatment in students attending seven universities in five countries in Latin America and one country in the Caribbean." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 24, spe (2015): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015001esp026.
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This study investigated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adulthood drug abuse among university students from seven universities in five countries in Latin America and one country in the Caribbean. This multi-country study utilised a cross-sectional design to collect data on drug abuse, as well as retrospective data on maltreatment during childhood. The sample consisted of 2,283 university students, of which 82.6% reported childhood maltreatment experiences, and 33.5% increased levels of psychological distress. A significant relationship was observed between childhood maltreatment and drug abuse as an adult (p<0.05). Although the sampling technique does not permit generalisations to all university students, the current study identified exposure to childhood maltreatment as a potential precursor to adult drug abuse within the populations studied. Therefore, the effectiveness of drug demand reduction strategies at the respective universities may be enhanced by incorporating policies and interventions aimed at childhood maltreatment.
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Yang, Ying, Zhenning Yang, and Weiguo Qu. "Childhood maltreatment and prosocial behavior: Roles of social support and psychological capital." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 50, no. 1 (January 12, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.10610.
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We examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and prosocial behavior, with social support and psychological capital incorporated as hypothesized mediators. Participants were 581 adolescent students (360 girls, 221 boys) who completed questionnaires regarding prosocial behavior, childhood maltreatment, social support, and psychological capital. The results reveal that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with prosocial behavior through the sequential mediators of social support and psychological capital. These findings indicate that childhood maltreatment directly reduced the occurrence of prosocial behavior in adolescence. There was also an indirect effect, whereby childhood maltreatment reduced social support and psychological capital, and this, in turn, reduced adolescents' prosocial behavior. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the cultivation of adolescents' prosocial behavior.
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Cao, Hua, Ruiqi Zhang, Ling Li, and Ling Yang. "Coping Style and Resilience Mediate the Effect of Childhood Maltreatment on Mental Health Symptomology." Children 9, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9081118.
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Background: A well-known distal risk factor for mental health symptomology is childhood maltreatment. Previous research revealed that several mediators, such as coping style and resilience, might be connected to the psychological mechanism of childhood maltreatment on mental health symptomology. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess how coping style and resilience affect the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental health symptomology of college students. Methods: With the method of cross-sectional survey, 740 college students from China (Gansu Province) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to reveal the link between childhood maltreatment, coping style, resilience, and mental health symptomology. Results: The results showe that childhood maltreatment was significantly positively correlated with mental health symptomology and significantly negatively correlated with coping style and resilience. Coping style was significantly negatively correlated with mental health symptomology and significantly positively correlated with resilience. Resilience was significantly negatively correlated with mental health symptomology. Coping style and resilience played a partially mediating role in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and college students’ mental health symptomology. Through a chain of intermediary effects on coping style and resilience, childhood maltreatment not only had a direct impact on mental health symptomology but also had an indirect impact. Conclusion: Childhood maltreatment could affect college students’ mental health symptomology through the chain mediating effect of coping style and resilience. Therefore, it is an effective way to reduce the influence of childhood maltreatment on mental health symptomology through some intervention measures to cultivate positive coping style and improve resilience.
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Burstein, Brett, and Brian Greenfield. "Childhood Maltreatment and Suicidality." JAMA Network Open 3, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): e2013095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13095.
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Sørensen, Thorkild I. A. "Childhood maltreatment and obesity." Obesity 23, no. 8 (July 14, 2015): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.21179.
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Pawlby, Susan, Dale Hay, Deborah Sharp, Cerith S. Waters, and Carmine M. Pariante. "Antenatal depression and offspring psychopathology: the influence of childhood maltreatment." British Journal of Psychiatry 199, no. 2 (August 2011): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.087734.
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BackgroundAntenatal depression and childhood maltreatment have each been associated with offspring psychopathology, but have never been examined in the same sample.AimsTo determine whether childhood maltreatment influences the association between antenatal depression and offspring psychopathology.MethodProspectively collected data on antenatal depression, offspring maltreatment (age 11) and offspring psychopathology (age 11 and 16) were analysed in 120 mother–offspring dyads from the community-based South London Child Development Study.ResultsAntenatal depression increased the risk of maltreatment in the offspring by almost four times. Children exposed only to antenatal depression or only to childhood maltreatment were no more at risk of developing psychopathology; however, children exposed to both antenatal depression and childhood maltreatment were at almost 12 times greater risk of developing psychopathology than offspring not so exposed.ConclusionsResearch investigating exposure to adverse events in utero and offspring psychopathology should take account of postnatal adverse events such as maltreatment.
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Cascio, Maria Lo, Cinzia Guarnaccia, Maria Rita Infurna, Laura Mancuso, Anna Maria Parroco, and Francesca Giannone. "Environmental Dysfunctions, Childhood Maltreatment and Women’s Intimate Partner Violence Victimization." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 19-20 (June 9, 2017): 3806–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517711176.
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Childhood maltreatment is considered a crucial explanatory variable for intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood. However, a developmental multifactorial model for the etiology of IPV is not shared by researchers yet. This study has investigated the role of a wide range of childhood maltreatments and family and social dysfunctions in predicting IPV; furthermore, it tests a model where childhood maltreatment mediates the relationship between environmental dysfunctions and IPV. The sample included 78 women: IPV (38) and non-IPV (40). The Italian version of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse (CECA) Interview was used to assess the presence of adverse childhood experiences. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2) and the IPV History Interview were used to assess IPV in the last year and lifetime, respectively. The results of a multivariate logistic regression model have indicated that only sexual (odds ratio [OR] = 4.24) and psychological (OR = 3.45) abuse significantly predicted IPV; with regard to association between IPV and environmental dysfunctions, only poor social support (OR = 8.91) significantly predicted IPV. The results of a mediation model have shown that childhood psychological and sexual abuse, in association with each other, partially mediate the relationship between poor social support and IPV. The findings from this study pinpoint poor social support as an important predictor of IPV so far neglected in the literature on the developmental antecedents of IPV. They also support the theoretical assumption according to which dysfunctional environmental variables and types of childhood maltreatment interacting with each other may influence development outcomes.
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THORNBERRY, TERENCE P., TIMOTHY O. IRELAND, and CAROLYN A. SMITH. "The importance of timing: The varying impact of childhood and adolescent maltreatment on multiple problem outcomes." Development and Psychopathology 13, no. 4 (December 2001): 957–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579401004114.
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A substantial body of literature suggests that childhood maltreatment is related to negative outcomes during adolescence, including delinquency, drug use, teenage pregnancy, and school failure. There has been relatively little research examining the impact that variation in the developmental stage during which the maltreatment occurs has on these relationships, however. In this paper, we reassess the impact of maltreatment on a number of adverse outcomes when developmentally specific measures of maltreatment—maltreatment that occurs only in childhood, only in adolescence, or in both childhood and adolescence—are considered. Data are drawn from the Rochester Youth Development Study, a broad-based longitudinal study of adolescent development. The analysis examines how maltreatment affects delinquency, drug use, alcohol-related problems, depressive symptoms, teen pregnancy, school dropout, and internalizing and externalizing problems during adolescence. We also examine whether the type of maltreatment experienced at various developmental stages influences the outcomes. Overall, our results suggest that adolescent and persistent maltreatment have stronger and more consistent negative consequences during adolescence than does maltreatment experienced only in childhood.
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Plant, Dominic T., Fergal W. Jones, Carmine M. Pariante, and Susan Pawlby. "Association between maternal childhood trauma and offspring childhood psychopathology: Mediation analysis from the ALSPAC cohort." British Journal of Psychiatry 211, no. 3 (September 2017): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.198721.
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BackgroundStudies have shown that a mother's history of childhood maltreatment is associated with her child's experience of internalising and externalising difficulties.AimsTo characterise the mediating pathways that underpin this association.MethodData on a mother's history of childhood maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, postnatal depression, maladaptive parenting practices and her child's experience of maltreatment and internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in an Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) sample of 9397 mother–child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to age 13.ResultsMaternal history of childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with offspring internalising and externalising difficulties. Maternal antenatal depression, postnatal depression and offspring child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association independently.ConclusionsPsychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and safeguarding against adverse childhood experiences could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood histories to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
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Song, Xianbing, Shanshan Wang, Rui Wang, Huiqiong Xu, Zhicheng Jiang, Shuqin Li, Shichen Zhang, and Yuhui Wan. "Mediating Effects of Specific Types of Coping Styles on the Relationship between Childhood Maltreatment and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Undergraduates: The Role of Sex." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (April 30, 2020): 3120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093120.
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Although childhood maltreatment is known to be associated with depressive symptoms, few studies have investigated the mediating effect of different types of coping styles on this association. It is unknown whether the impacts vary by sex. We investigated the mediating effects of different coping styles on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms among Chinese undergraduates, as well as the role of sex in the mediated pathways. A total of 7643 college freshmen and sophomores (5665 females, 1978 males; 4215 freshmen, 3428 sophomores; mean age, 19.67 years) from two colleges in China completed a standard questionnaire on the details of childhood maltreatment, depressive symptoms, and coping styles. Childhood maltreatment was significantly correlated with all coping styles and depressive symptoms studied (p < 0.001). Problem solving, self-blame, help seeking, problem avoidance, and rationalization mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms. The estimated ratio of the effect of childhood maltreatment on the occurrence of depressive symptoms can be explained by the mediation of problem solving, self-blame, help seeking, problem avoidance, and rationalization, which accounted for 15.1%, 25.6%, 7.4%, 1.6% and 1.6% of the total effect, respectively. Sex differences were found to have mediating effects on coping styles in terms of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms. The findings illustrate the need to focus on coping styles and to employ sex-specific methods to effectively help college students reduce depressive symptoms associated with childhood maltreatment.
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Paul, Sarah E., Michael J. Boudreaux, Erin Bondy, Jennifer L. Tackett, Thomas F. Oltmanns, and Ryan Bogdan. "The intergenerational transmission of childhood maltreatment: Nonspecificity of maltreatment type and associations with borderline personality pathology." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 1157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900066x.
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AbstractOne generation's experience of childhood maltreatment is associated with that of the next. However, whether this intergenerational transmission is specific to distinct forms of maltreatment and what factors may contribute to its continuity remains unclear. Borderline personality pathology is predicted by childhood maltreatment and characterized by features (e.g., dysregulated emotion, relationship instability, impulsivity, and inconsistent appraisals of others) that may contribute to its propagation. Among 364 older adults and 573 of their adult children (total n = 937), self-reported exposure to distinct forms of childhood maltreatment (i.e., emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect as assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) showed homotypic and heterotypic associations across generations with little evidence that latent factors unique to specific forms of maltreatment show generational continuity. General nonspecific indices of childhood maltreatment showed evidence of intergenerational transmission after accounting for demographic factors and parent socioeconomic status (b = 0.126, p = 9.21 × 10−4). This continuity was partially mediated by parental borderline personality pathology (assessed longitudinally through a variety of measures and sources, indirect effect: b = 0.031, 95% confidence interval [0.003, 0.060]). The intergenerational continuity of childhood maltreatment may largely represent general risk for nonspecific maltreatment that may, in part, be propagated by borderline personality pathology and/or shared risk factors.
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Li, Xiaojun, and Qingyin Li. "Effects of maltreatment during childhood on benign and malicious envy in adulthood: Psychological resilience as a moderator." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 50, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.11721.
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We explored the effect of two forms of maltreatment of children (emotional and physical) on two kinds of envy in adulthood (benign and malicious), and the moderating role of psychological resilience in these associations. Participants were 676 Chinese undergraduates who completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The results indicate that of the two types of childhood maltreatment, only emotional maltreatment negatively predicted benign envy and positively predicted malicious envy. Psychological resilience played a moderating role in the childhood emotional maltreatment–benign/malicious envy link and childhood physical maltreatment–malicious envy link. These results reveal the direct relationships between different types of childhood maltreatment and benign/malicious envy and the moderating effect of psychological resilience in these associations. Our findings have theoretical and practical implications for cultivating psychological resilience to inhibit malicious envy and promote benign envy in adults.
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Zoladz, Phillip, Kassidy Reneau, Jordan Weiser, Chloe Cordes, Emma Virden, Sara Helwig, Caitlin Thebeault, et al. "Childhood Maltreatment in Females Is Associated with Enhanced Fear Acquisition and an Overgeneralization of Fear." Brain Sciences 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2022): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12111536.
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Childhood maltreatment may alter fear neurocircuitry, which results in pathological anxiety and depression. One alteration of fear-related behaviors that has been observed in several psychiatric populations is an overgeneralization of fear. Thus, we examined the association between childhood maltreatment and fear generalization in a non-clinical sample of young adults. Two hundred and ninety-one participants underwent differential fear conditioning in a fear-potentiated startle paradigm. One visual stimulus (CS+), but not another (CS−), was associated with an aversive airblast to the throat (US) during acquisition. The next day, participants were tested for their fear responses to the CS+, CS−, and several generalization stimuli (GS) without the presence of the US. Participants also completed questionnaires that assessed symptoms of childhood maltreatment, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants reporting high childhood maltreatment (n = 71; 23 males, 48 females) exhibited significantly greater anxiety, depression, and symptoms of PTSD than participants reporting low childhood maltreatment (n = 220; 133 males, 87 females). Females reporting high childhood maltreatment demonstrated significantly enhanced fear learning and greater fear generalization, based on their fear-potentiated startle responses. Our findings suggest that childhood maltreatment may sex-dependently influence the development of fear neurocircuitry and result in greater fear generalization in maltreated females.
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Liu, Xiaojing, Shengkai Ji, Juan Jiang, and Chen Chen. "Childhood Maltreatment and Life Satisfaction in Chinese Student Preschool Teachers: The Roles of Resilience and Social Support." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12110438.
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Although some studies have explored the relationships between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction, few studies have explored the pathways between those two variables in a sample of student preschool teachers. The current study, thus, attempts to explore the relationships between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction in Chinese student preschool teachers and to examine the roles of resilience and social support in those relationships. A total of 1218 students majoring in early childhood education were recruited from three Chinese universities to attend this study. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect data, and structural equation modeling was used to perform data analysis. Results showed that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with life satisfaction in Chinese student preschool teachers; resilience and social support mediated those relationships. The findings suggest that childhood maltreatment not only has a direct relationship with life satisfaction, but also has an indirect relationship with life satisfaction via resilience and social support. Childhood maltreatment should be considered when enrolling student preschool teachers, and increasing levels of resilience and social support should be meaningful approaches when cultivating student preschool teachers who have experienced childhood maltreatment.
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Plant, Dominic T., Susan Pawlby, Carmine M. Pariante, and Fergal W. Jones. "When one childhood meets another – maternal childhood trauma and offspring child psychopathology: A systematic review." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 23, no. 3 (November 24, 2017): 483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104517742186.
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Background: Child maltreatment can have a long-term impact on mental health. Less is known about the consequences of child maltreatment on the next generation’s psychological wellbeing. Aim: This systematic review aimed to synthesise the existing empirical literature on the association between a mother’s history of maltreatment in her own childhood and her children’s experiences of psychopathology, and to characterise potential mediating pathways. Method: Electronic database and hand searches yielded 12 studies, with a combined sample size of 45,723 mother–child dyads, which met criteria for inclusion in the review. Results: There was evidence of an overall positive association between a mother’s history of child maltreatment and her child’s experience of emotional and behavioural difficulties across childhood and adolescence. Maternal psychological distress and poorer parenting practices were found to be key mediating pathways of this association. Conclusion: Children of mothers who were exposed to maltreatment in childhood appear to be at an increased risk for psychopathology. Mothers with traumatic childhood experiences should be offered improved access to psychological therapies and parenting programmes to help mitigate the potential impact of child maltreatment on future generations.
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Wang, Zi-Yu, Ming Hu, Tao-Lin Yu, and Jun Yang. "The Relationship between Childhood Maltreatment and Risky Sexual Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 3666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193666.
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Childhood maltreatment is associated with risky sexual behaviors (RSBs). Previous systematic reviews and meta-analysis focused only on the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and RSBs, thus the association between childhood maltreatment and RSBs has yet to be systematically and quantitatively reviewed. We aimed to provide a systematic meta-analysis exploring the effect of childhood maltreatment and its subtypes on subsequent RSBs in adolescence and adulthood. PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Medline were searched for qualified articles up to April 2019. We calculated the pooled risk estimates using either the random-effect model or fixed-effect model. The potential heterogeneity moderators were identified by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. Overall, childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with an early sexual debut (odds ratio (OR) = 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.64–3.00), multiple sexual partners (OR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.78–2.76), transactional sex (OR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.92–4.86) and unprotected sex (OR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.22-2.09). Additionally, different types of childhood maltreatment were also significantly associated with higher risk of RSBs. Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. Childhood maltreatment is significantly associated with risky sexual behaviors. The current meta-analysis indicates it is vital to protect children from any types of maltreatment and provide health education and support for maltreated individuals.
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Chen, Xue, Linling Jiang, Yi Liu, Hailiang Ran, Runxu Yang, Xiufeng Xu, Jin Lu, and Yuanyuan Xiao. "Childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation in Chinese children and adolescents: the mediation of resilience." PeerJ 9 (July 6, 2021): e11758. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11758.
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Background Childhood maltreatment could increase the risk of suicidal ideation (SI) in adolescents. However, the mediation of resilience in this association remains unclear. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study has been done among 3,146 Chinese adolescents. We collected relevant information from the study participants by using self-administered questionnaire. Chinese version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA), and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) were used to measure childhood maltreatment, resilience, and SI, respectively. Univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression models were employed to estimate crude and adjusted associations between childhood maltreatment, resilience, and SI. Path analysis has subsequently been performed to measure the mediation of resilience in this association. Results Multivariate Logistic regression models revealed that compared to non-abused counterparts, adolescents who had ever experienced any type of childhood maltreatment was 1.74 times likely to report SI. Among the specific types of childhood maltreatment, emotional abuse showed the strongest association with SI (adjusted OR = 3.01, 95% CI [2.37–3.82]). Path model suggested that over one-third (39.8%) of the total association between childhood maltreatment and SI was mediated via resilience. Emotion regulation and interpersonal assistance were the most prominent mediators among all dimensions of resilience. Conclusions Resilience played as a significant mediator in the association between childhood maltreatment and SI. Resilience-oriented intervention measures could be considered for suicidal risk prevention among abused Chinese adolescents.
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Talmon, Anat, and Karni Ginzburg. "Between Childhood Maltreatment and Shame." Psychology of Women Quarterly 41, no. 3 (April 14, 2017): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684317702503.
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One of the most devastating long-term outcomes of childhood maltreatment is a sense of shame, which is connected to distress and reduced well-being. The aim of the current study was to examine a dual-path model and to test the relations between childhood maltreatment, shame, and well-being as mediated by both self-objectification and a sense of disrupted body boundaries among 531 female college/university students living in Israel. Results from the structural equation modeling analyses indicated that both self-objectification and disrupted body boundaries significantly mediated the association between childhood maltreatment and sense of shame. In addition, both were associated with reduced levels of well-being, through the mediating role of shame. Finally, we discuss the role these paths may play in the detrimental long-term effects of childhood maltreatment and how they may be targeted in clinical interventions for adult survivors.
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Kong, Jooyoung, Soonhee Roh, Scott D. Easton, Yeon-Shim Lee, and Michael J. Lawler. "A History of Childhood Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Among Native American Adults." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 18 (February 24, 2016): 2826–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516632353.
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This study examined the association between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among Native American adults. Based on Riggs’s theoretical model of the long-term effects of childhood abuse, we also examined the mediating roles of insecure attachment patterns and depressive symptoms. The current study was a secondary data analysis using the 2013 General Well-Being Among Native Americans dataset ( N = 479). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among key constructs. Consistent with existing literature of revictimization, our findings showed that the experience of childhood maltreatment was positively associated with IPV victimization. Mediation analyses indicated that depression was a significant mediator in the association between childhood maltreatment and IPV victimization. In addition, all the paths linking childhood maltreatment, fearful attachment, depressive symptoms, and IPV victimization were statistically significant, although the overall mediation effect was not significant. The results of this study suggest that Riggs’s model can serve as a useful theoretical framework for understanding the long-term effects of childhood maltreatment among Native American adults. Practitioners in the area of IPV should include maltreatment history and current attachment patterns in client assessments, which could help address conflict and violence within intimate relationships.
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Choi, Karmel W., and Kathleen J. Sikkema. "Childhood Maltreatment and Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 17, no. 5 (July 8, 2016): 427–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838015584369.
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Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) compromise maternal and child well-being and may be influenced by traumatic experiences across the life course. A potent and common form of trauma is childhood maltreatment, but its specific impact on PMADs is not well understood. A systematic review was undertaken to synthesize empirical literature on the relationship between maternal histories of childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Of the 876 citations retrieved, 35 reports from a total of 26,239 participants met inclusion criteria, documenting substantial rates of childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Robust trends of association were observed between childhood maltreatment and perinatal depression, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder, but findings for anxiety were less consistent. Examining multivariate results suggested that childhood maltreatment predicts PMADs above and beyond sociodemographic, psychiatric, perinatal, and psychosocial factors, but may also be partially mediated by variables such as later victimization and moderated by protective early relationships. Future research should test mediating and moderating pathways using prospective cohorts, expanding to cross-cultural settings and other disorder outcomes. Treatment and prevention of childhood maltreatment and its sequelae may help mitigate risk for perinatal psychopathology and its impact on maternal and child outcomes.
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Choi, Ji Young, and Soo Hyun Park. "Childhood Maltreatment as Predictor of Pathological Personality Traits Using PSY-5 in an Adult Psychiatric Sample." Journal of Personality Disorders 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2017_31_282.
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Extant literature indicates that childhood maltreatment is significantly associated with personality disorders. With the recent call for a more dimensional approach to understanding personality and pathological personality traits, the aim of the present study was to examine whether the experience of childhood maltreatment is associated with pathological personality traits as measured by the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5). We analyzed data from 557 adult psychiatric patients with diverse psychiatric diagnoses, including mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and anxiety disorders. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the degree to which childhood maltreatment explained the five trait dimensions after controlling for demographic variables, presence of psychotic symptoms, and degree of depressive symptoms. Childhood maltreatment significantly predicted all of the five trait dimensions of the PSY-5. This suggests that childhood maltreatment may negatively affect the development of an adaptive adjustment system, thereby potentially contributing to the emergence of pathological personality traits.
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Longman-Mills, Samantha, Winston De La Haye, Hayley A. Hamilton, Bruna Brands, Maria da Gloria Wright, Francisco Cumsille, Robert Mann, and Akwatu Khenti. "Psychological maltreatment and its relationship with substance abuse among university students in Kingston, Jamaica." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 24, spe (2015): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015001070014.
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The high prevalence of substance abuse in Jamaica, highlights the need to understand the drivers of substance abuse. Experiencing psychological maltreatment (emotional abuse and neglect) during childhood has been suggested to be a risk factor for substance abuse. This study investigates the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and adult substance abuse among Jamaican university students. Three hundred and eighty two (382) university students were selected using systematic sampling techniques. They completed a Kessler Psychological Distress Scale questionnaire, as well as items selected from the Adverse Childhood Experiences and CICAD Drug Use questionnaires. 66.7% had experienced psychological maltreatment. Chi-square analyses identified a significant relationship between experiencing psychological maltreatment and substance abuse (p<0.05). This research provides evidence in support of a link between exposure to childhood psychological maltreatment and substance abuse in adulthood.
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South, Susan C., Markus H. Schafer, and Kenneth F. Ferraro. "Genetic and Environmental Overlap Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Physical Health." Twin Research and Human Genetics 18, no. 5 (September 17, 2015): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2015.62.
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Past research demonstrates a phenotypic relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult health problems. Explanations of this association usually point to either: (a) a direct causal link, whereby exposure to early stress disrupts biological functioning during sensitive periods of development; or (b) an indirect effect operating through socioeconomic attainment, poor health behaviors, or some other pathway leading from childhood to adulthood. The current study examined whether the association between childhood maltreatment and adult health reflects genetic or environmental mediation. Using a large sample of adult American twins, we separately estimated univariate biometric models of child maltreatment and adult physical health, followed by a bivariate biometric model to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between the two variables. We found that a summary count of chronic health conditions shared non-trivial genetic overlap with childhood maltreatment. Our results have implications for understanding the relationship between maltreatment and health as one of active interplay rather than a simple cause and effect model that views maltreatment as an exogenous shock.
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Smyth, Elizabeth J., Frank L. Gardner, Donald R. Marks, and Zella E. Moore. "An Exploration of the Mediators Between Childhood Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 32, no. 4 (2017): 567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-15-00084.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with numerous long-term consequences and warrants significant clinical attention. Recent theoretical models and empirical research have suggested that several factors play a role in the development of IPV perpetration, including childhood maltreatment, early maladaptive schemas, anger, and difficulties in emotion regulation. This study investigated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and IPV, specifically examining the mediation of this relationship by several variables thought to be related to this pernicious problem, including early maladaptive schemas, the experience of anger, and emotion regulation difficulties. In a young adult collegiate sample of 110 women in relationships, results of a bootstrapped multiple mediation analysis supported the hypothesis that childhood maltreatment predicted physical aggression within intimate partner relationships and found that the total indirect effect of childhood maltreatment on physical aggression through the 3 proposed mediators was significant. However, consistent with recent empirical findings, only difficulties in emotion regulation significantly mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical aggression within the sample.
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Gomes Jardim, Gabriel Behr, Armin von Gunten, Irenio Gomes da Silva Filho, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, Daniela Benzano Bumaguin, Eduardo Lopes Nogueira, Paula Engroff, and Alfredo Cataldo Neto. "Relationship between childhood maltreatment and geriatric depression: the mediator effect of personality traits." International Psychogeriatrics 31, no. 12 (March 4, 2019): 1759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610219000073.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Childhood maltreatment is an important factor associated with adverse mental health outcomes including geriatric depression and the “big five” personality characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate a model where personality characteristics mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and geriatric depression.Method:In this cross-sectional study, elderly subjects from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods of Porto Alegre, Brazil (n = 260) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 (MINI plus). We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the mediation hypothesis.Results:The five personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness) were related to childhood maltreatment and depression. Mediation analysis revealed that neuroticism and extraversion are complete mediators, agreeableness and conscientiousness are partial mediators, and openness is not a mediator.Conclusions:These findings support the hypothesis in which childhood maltreatment is associated with geriatric depression and mediated by personality factors. These results suggest that reducing the maladaptive personality trait in elderly people who suffered childhood maltreatment could prevent geriatric depression.
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Touchette, E., S. Servot, R. Lemieux, and N. Berthelot. "0859 Types Of Childhood Maltreatment And Sleep Regulation During Pregnancy." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.855.
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Abstract Introduction Pregnant women with history of childhood maltreatment would have around 2-fold increased odds of poor subjective sleep in comparison to pregnant women without history of trauma (Gelaye et al., 2015). Our aim was to evaluate whether different types of childhood maltreatment were associated with poorer subjective and objective sleep regulation during the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods Sleep regulation between 18-20 weeks of gestation was assessed in a sample of 55 expectant mothers, including 31 women exposed to childhood maltreatment. Three measures of sleep were administered: 7-day actigraph measures (Mini-Mitter/Respironics), 7-day sleep diary and the completion of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Childhood maltreatment was assessed using the Chilhood Trauma Questionnaire. Generalized linear regression models were used to examine the associations between sleep measures and types of childhood maltreatment after adjusting for confounding variables (e.g., maternal age, maternal wellbeing, education attainment and family income). Results Among the 31 participants with history of childhood maltreatment, 71% (n=22) reported emotional abuse, 26% (n=8) physical abuse, 39% (n=12) sexual abuse, 42% (n=13) emotional neglect and 65% (n=20) physical neglect. Pregnant women with childhood emotional abuse had around 2.8 higher score on PSQI in comparison to pregnant women without childhood emotional abuse (P<0.003). For objective sleep measures, pregnant women with childhood sexual abuse had around 1 hour less of nocturnal sleep (P<0.004), 30 minutes more nocturnal awakenings (P<0.03) and 6% less of sleep efficiency (P<0.01) compared with pregnant women without childhood sexual abuse. Conclusion Emotional abuse during childhood was associated with poorer perceived sleep quality during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy while childhood sexual abuse was particularly associated with objective measures of sleep regulation. Future larger studies are needed to confirm the impact of the different types of childhood maltreatment on maternal sleep quality during pregnancy. Support Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC, 2018-2020, Canada)
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Pierce, Jennifer, Antonia Abbey, and Rhiana Wegner. "Mediators of the Association Between Childhood Emotional Maltreatment and Young Adult Men’s Life Satisfaction." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 4 (October 14, 2015): 595–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515609584.
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Childhood emotional maltreatment has been linked to a wide range of deleterious physical and psychological adult health outcomes. The present study extends past research by examining the effects of childhood emotional maltreatment on young adult men’s life satisfaction through its effects on hostility and perceptions of social relationships. Participants were 423 single men who completed two interviews 1 year apart. As hypothesized, the association between self-reported childhood emotional maltreatment and adult life satisfaction was mediated through general hostility, rejection sensitivity in romantic relationships, and perceptions of male friends’ social support. These findings suggest that interventions which address distorted perceptions of romantic partners and friends might reduce the negative impact of childhood emotional maltreatment.
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Su, Yingying, Carl D’Arcy, and Xiangfei Meng. "Social Support and Positive Coping Skills as Mediators Buffering the Impact of Childhood Maltreatment on Psychological Distress and Positive Mental Health in Adulthood: Analysis of a National Population-Based Sample." American Journal of Epidemiology 189, no. 5 (January 6, 2020): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz275.
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Abstract There is little research on how childhood maltreatment influences the use of resilience mechanisms that are key to mental health outcomes in the face of adversity. We assessed the mediating roles of social support and positive coping skills in the relationships between childhood maltreatment and both psychological distress and positive mental health. We analyzed data from a national population survey, the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey—Mental Health (CCHS-MH 2012, n = 25,113). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to model the relationships between childhood maltreatment, social support, and positive coping skills and their direct and mediated effect on psychological distress and positive mental health. Childhood maltreatment was found to be negatively associated with social support, positive coping skills, and positive mental health but positively associated with psychological distress. Social support and positive coping skills predicted higher rates of positive mental health but lower rates of psychological distress. Social support and positive coping skills partially mediated the negative consequences of childhood maltreatment on mental health outcomes. Surprisingly, no sex differences were observed among these associations. This research clearly demonstrates that social support and positive coping skills can mediate the negative impact of childhood maltreatment on mental health.
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Konings, M., N. Stefanis, R. Kuepper, R. de Graaf, M. ten Have, J. van Os, C. Bakoula, and C. Henquet. "Replication in two independent population-based samples that childhood maltreatment and cannabis use synergistically impact on psychosis risk." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 1 (June 16, 2011): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000973.
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BackgroundThere may be biological plausibility to the notion that cannabis use and childhood trauma or maltreatment synergistically increase the risk for later development of psychotic symptoms. To replicate and further investigate this issue, prospective data from two independent population-based studies, the Greek National Perinatal Study (n=1636) and The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS) (n=4842), were analyzed.MethodTwo different data sets on cannabis use and childhood maltreatment were used. In a large Greek population-based cohort study, data on cannabis use at age 19 years and childhood maltreatment at 7 years were assessed. In addition, psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). In NEMESIS, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess psychotic symptoms at three different time points along with childhood maltreatment and lifetime cannabis use.ResultsA significant adjusted interaction between childhood maltreatment and later cannabis use was evident in both samples, indicating that the psychosis-inducing effects of cannabis were stronger in individuals exposed to earlier sexual or physical mistreatment [Greek National Perinatal Study: test for interactionF(2, 1627)=4.18,p=0.02; NEMESIS: test for interaction χ2(3)=8.08,p=0.04].ConclusionsCross-sensitivity between childhood maltreatment and cannabis use may exist in pathways that shape the risk for expression of positive psychotic symptoms.
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Archer, Gemma, Snehal Pinto Pereira, and Christine Power. "Child maltreatment as a predictor of adult physical functioning in a prospective British birth cohort." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e017900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017900.
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ObjectiveChild maltreatment (abuse and neglect) has established associations with mental health; however, little is known about its relationship with physical functioning. Physical functioning (ie, the ability to perform the physical tasks of daily living) in adulthood is an important outcome to consider, as it is strongly associated with an individual’s ability to work, and future disability and dependency. We aimed to establish whether maltreatment was associated with physical functioning, independent of other early-life factors.Setting1958 British birth cohort.Participants8150 males and females with data on abuse and who participated at age 50 years.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was poor physical functioning at 50 years (<65 on the Short-Form 36 survey physical functioning subscale). Secondary outcomes included mental health and self-reported health at 50 years.Results23% of participants reported at least one type of maltreatment; 12% were identified with poor physical functioning. Neglect (ORadj1.55, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.93), psychological abuse (ORadj1.49, 1.17–1.88) and sexual abuse (ORadj2.56, 1.66–3.96) were associated with poor physical functioning independent of other maltreatments and covariates, including childhood social class, birth weight and childhood illness. Odds of poor physical functioning increased with multiple types of maltreatment (ptrend<0.001); ORadjranged from 1.49 (1.23–1.82) for a single type to 2.09 (1.53–2.87) for those reporting>3 types of maltreatment, compared with those with none. Associations of similar magnitude were observed for mental and self-reported health outcomes.ConclusionsChild neglect, psychological and sexual abuse were associated with poor physical functioning at 50 years, with accumulating risk for those with multiple types of maltreatment. Associations were independent of numerous early-life factors and were comparable in magnitude to those observed for mental health and self-rated health. Prevention or alleviation of the ill effects of maltreatment could be an effective policy intervention to promote healthy ageing.
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Crittenden, Patricia M., Angelika H. Claussen, and David B. Sugarman. "Physical and psychological maltreatment in middle childhood and adolescence." Development and Psychopathology 6, no. 1 (1994): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400005927.
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AbstractAlthough maltreatment is known to have detrimental effects on socioemotional development, the relation of those effects to type of maltreatment and child age is not clear. Most studies either focus solely on physical abuse or do not differentiate among types of maltreatment. Furthermore, most concentrate on young children. Studies of psychological maltreatment in young children indicate that physical abuse and psychological maltreatment tend to co-occur, severity of injury is not related to severity of psychological maltreatment or to developmental problems, and severity of psychological maltreatment is related to developmental outcomes. The present study investigated (a) relations among types of physical and psychological maltreatment and (b) their effect on development in an ethnically diverse sample of maltreated school-age children and adolescents. The results indicated that, as in young children, physical and psychological maltreatment co-occurred in most cases. As with young children, severity of emotional abuse was related to severity of physical neglect in school-age children; among adolescents, however, it was related to severity of physical injury. Moreover, severity of emotional abuse was related to both behavior problems and depression. The differences between the patterns of effects for school-age children and those for adolescents are discussed, as are implications of the findings for intervention.
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Handley, Elizabeth D., Justin Russotti, Fred A. Rogosch, and Dante Cicchetti. "Developmental cascades from child maltreatment to negative friend and romantic interactions in emerging adulthood." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 5 (November 13, 2019): 1649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900124x.
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AbstractMaltreatment during childhood is associated with difficult interpersonal relationships throughout the life course. The aim of the current study was to investigate differential pathways from child maltreatment to emerging adult relationship dysfunction. Specifically, we prospectively tested whether child maltreatment initiates a developmental cascade resulting in coercive negative romantic and friend interactions in emerging adulthood via childhood antisocial tendencies and via childhood relational aggression. Utilizing a longitudinal sample of emerging adult participants (N = 392; mean age = 20 years old) who took part in a summer research camp program as children (mean age = 11 years old), results supported pathways via both childhood antisocial behavior and childhood relational aggression. We found specificity within these pathways such that childhood antisocial behavior was a mediator of child maltreatment effects on emerging adult negative romantic interactions, whereas childhood relational aggression was a mediator of child maltreatment effects on emerging adult negative friend interactions. Taken together, results indicate that children exposed to maltreatment face significant interpersonal challenges in emerging adulthood, within both the friend and the romantic domains, and point to distinct childhood pathways to these negative interactions. Our findings are consistent with Dishion's (2016) theoretical framework for understanding the development of coercion in relationships and highlight the criticality of early intervention with maltreating families.
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Puetz, Vanessa Bianca, Essi Viding, Mattia Indi Gerin, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Arjun Sethi, Annchen R. Knodt, Spenser R. Radtke, Bart D. Brigidi, Ahmad R. Hariri, and Eamon McCrory. "Investigating patterns of neural response associated with childhood abuse v. childhood neglect." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 8 (June 13, 2019): 1398–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329171900134x.
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AbstractBackgroundChildhood maltreatment is robustly associated with increased risk of poor mental health outcome and changes in brain function. The authors investigated whether childhood experience of abuse (e.g. physical, emotional and sexual abuse) and neglect (physical and emotional deprivation) was differentially associated with neural reactivity to threat.MethodsParticipants were drawn from an existing study and allocated to one of four groups based on self-report of childhood maltreatment experience: individuals with childhood abuse experiences (n = 70); individuals with childhood neglect experiences (n = 87); individuals with combined experience of childhood abuse and neglect (n = 50); and non-maltreated individuals (n = 207) propensity score matched (PSM) on gender, age, IQ, psychopathology and SES. Neural reactivity to facial cues signalling threat was compared across groups, allowing the differential effects associated with particular forms of maltreatment experience to be isolated.ResultsBrain imaging analyses indicated that while childhood abuse was associated with heightened localised threat reactivity in ventral amygdala, experiences of neglect were associated with heightened reactivity in a distributed cortical fronto-parietal network supporting complex social and cognitive processing as well as in the dorsal amygdala. Unexpectedly, combined experiences of abuse and neglect were associated with hypo-activation in several higher-order cortical regions as well as the amygdala.ConclusionsDifferent forms of childhood maltreatment exert differential effects in neural threat reactivity: while the effects of abuse are more focal, the effects of neglect and combined experiences of abuse are more distributed. These findings are relevant for understanding the range of psychiatric outcomes following childhood maltreatment and have implications for intervention.
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Craig, Francesco, Eleonora Mascheroni, Roberto Giorda, Maria Grazia Felline, Maria Grazia Bacco, Annalisa Castagna, Flaviana Tenuta, et al. "Exploring the Contribution of Proximal Family Risk Factors on SLC6A4 DNA Methylation in Children with a History of Maltreatment: A Preliminary Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 12736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312736.
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The cumulative effects of proximal family risk factors have been associated with a high number of adverse outcomes in childhood maltreatment, and DNA methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) has been associated with child maltreatment. However, the relationships between proximal family risk factors and SLC6A4 methylation remains unexplored. We examined the association among cumulative family risk factors, maltreatment experiences and DNA methylation in the SLC6A4 gene in a sample of 33 child victims of maltreatment. We computed a cumulative family risk (CFR) index that included proximal family risk factors, such as drug or alcohol abuse, psychopathology, parents’ experiences of maltreatment/abuse in childhood, criminal history, and domestic violence. The majority of children (90.9%) experienced more than one type of maltreatment. Hierarchical regression models suggested that the higher the CFR index score and the number of maltreatment experiences, and the older the children, the higher the SLC6A4 DNA methylation levels. Although preliminary, our findings suggest that, along with childhood maltreatment experiences per se, cumulative proximal family risk factors are seemingly critically associated with DNA methylation at the SLC6A4 gene.
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Nelson, Janna, Anne Klumparendt, Philipp Doebler, and Thomas Ehring. "Childhood maltreatment and characteristics of adult depression: Meta-analysis." British Journal of Psychiatry 210, no. 2 (February 2017): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.115.180752.
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BackgroundChildhood maltreatment has been discussed as a risk factor for the development and maintenance of depression.AimsTo examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult depression with regard to depression incidence, severity, age at onset, course of illness and treatment response.MethodWe conducted meta-analyses of original articles reporting an association between childhood maltreatment and depression outcomes in adult populations.ResultsIn total, 184 studies met inclusion criteria. Nearly half of patients with depression reported a history of childhood maltreatment. Maltreated individuals were 2.66 (95% CI 2.38–2.98) to 3.73 (95% CI 2.88–4.83) times more likely to develop depression in adulthood, had an earlier depression onset and were twice as likely to develop chronic or treatment-resistant depression. Depression severity was most prominently linked to childhood emotional maltreatment.ConclusionsChildhood maltreatment, especially emotional abuse and neglect, represents a risk factor for severe, early-onset, treatment-resistant depression with a chronic course.