Relevant bibliographies by topics / Childcare

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Childcare'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Childcare"

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Sekeráková Búriková, Zuzana. "Paid home-based childcare in Slovakia: Informal markets and care loops." Journal of European Social Policy 29, no. 5 (December 2019): 653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928719873834.

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Drawing on interviews conducted between 2013 and 2015 with childcare workers and their employers, this article focuses on the employment of paid home-based childcare in Slovakia, where local families prefer to employ local childcarers, rather than migrant childcarers. After a brief discussion of previous studies on home-based paid childcare and social policies, I introduce the concept of care loops and summarize family-oriented policies in Slovakia. I explain that relying on social networks and trust results in hiring local women rather than migrant childcarers. I then examine the motivations of working mothers for hiring childcare workers. I show how mothers use both structural (social policy) and cultural factors (ideals of motherhood and childrearing) to explain their childcare choices. I argue that hiring full-time childcare workers is both a way to fill the care gap and a response to a cultural preference for mother-like care for infants and toddlers. This cultural preference also results in hiring part-time childcare workers who are responsible for micromobilities of care and who help parents to manage care loops.
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Kumalasari, Devy, and Abdul Latif Arifin Alhasyimi. "Social childcare concept: Social community as a childcare partner for working parents." Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v11i1.15523.

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In today's era, it has become easier for working parents to find childcare services because of the growing number of childcare institutions or services. However, limitations in a rural environment requires parents, especially working mothers to find childcare or caregiver substitutes in their social environment. This study aims to describe the concept of social care occurs in rural communities. This exploratory-descriptive qualitative research was carried out in Malang Regency, East Java, using the selected sample and snowball technique. The method used is semistructured interviews conducted with 3 people involved in childcare services for preschool children, and the data analysis model is taken from Miles and Huberman. The research results show that the social care concept has 3 dimensions: the mutually beneficial relationship of social exchange of childcarers and parents; carefree system of child care environment; and co-parenting mechanism. Partnership is performed voluntarily by offering the strategies used to find childcarers by increasing social cohesion in the community and involve children in activities with the social community. This study offers the strategies that can be implemented by working parents in finding childcarers in the social community by prioritizing informal kinship relations.
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Hong, Chan Young, and Kyung Soon Yoon. "The Effect of Satisfaction with Real-Time Non-face-to-face Education for Nursery Teachers in Childcare Support Center on Educational Effects through Teacher Effectiveness." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 14 (July 31, 2022): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.14.593.

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Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the influence on education effect by satisfaction level of untact real-time education for childcare teacher-executed by the Support Center for Childcare- with mediacy of teacher’s efficacy and to provide basic data required in managing education program by the Support Center for Childcare Methods The objects of this study were 204 childcare teachers working at daycare centers in Gyeonggi-do. The survey for satisfaction level of real-time untact education, education effects, teacher’s efficacy was performed from 11 March to 24 March in 2022. Excluding some outlying data, 202 samples was analyzed for this study, and data analyzing tool was SPSS WIN 22.0 program for frequency analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, difference analysis, correlation analysis, and mediating effect analysis. Results First, satisfaction level of real-time untact education, education effect and teacher’s efficacy shows high position. Second, among several variables of childcare teacher, number of real-time untact education increases their efficacy for education. Third, between satisfaction of real-time untact education, education effect, and teacher’s efficacy, statical correlation was verified. Fourth, relation between real-time untact education satisfaction and education effect, teacher’s efficacy functions as a mediating parameter. So, plan or alternative for increasing teacher’s efficacy is required. Conclusions Through this study, we were able to confirm the high satisfaction and educational effects of real-time untact education at the Support Center Childcarere and the mediating effects of teacher efficacy. This can be used as a basic data for the efficient operation of childcare teachers' education at the Support Center Childcarere, and there is an empirical implication in the need to improve the teacher's sense of efficacy.
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Celinska, Angelica. "Enya's Childcare." Early Years Educator 23, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2021.23.1.42.

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This month EYE'S editor interviews Enya Mooney, the co-founder and director of education at Enya's Childcare, a Reggio-inspired setting offering Forest School provision and working hard on sustainability and eco-friendly practice.
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Ward, Amanda. "Childcare vouchers." Child Care 5, no. 7 (July 2008): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chca.2008.5.7.37424.

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Bayram, Liz. "Childcare strategy." Child Care 6, no. 4 (April 2009): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chca.2009.6.4.40728.

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Suh, Young Sook, Jin Ok Park, and Hye Jeon Suh. "Childcare Staff." Journal of Korean Child Care and Education 10, no. 4 (August 31, 2014): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14698/jkcce.2014.10.4.005.

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Fudge, Lesley. "Childcare Support." British Journal of Perioperative Nursing (United Kingdom) 11, no. 5 (May 2001): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890101100501.

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Hay, Susan. "CHILDCARE FACILITIES." Facilities 7, no. 6 (June 1989): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb006493.

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Moss, Peter. "Supermarket childcare." Early Years Educator 13, no. 2 (June 2011): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2011.13.2.16.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Childcare"

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Dallimore, David. "Informal childcare and childcare choice in Wales." Thesis, Bangor University, 2016. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/informal-childcare-and-childcare-choice-in-wales(3def3ed1-d353-48d7-8336-f9e3921d7aac).html.

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The importance of childcare as a field of study and for public policy has grown in recent times in response to an increase in women in the labour force and increasing evidence of the developmental importance of the early years. Following devolution in the UK childcare is now the responsibility of the devolved Governments. In Wales, some distinctive early childhood policies have been developed, but it is unclear whether or not there is a coherent approach which incorporates childcare. Anecdotally, one of the distinctive features of childcare often highlighted in Wales, is the importance of informal care, yet despite a body of UK research examining informal childcare from a number of perspectives, little is known about the practice in Wales. Whether the use of informal childcare in Wales is distinctive and, if so, why is it important, are key questions that are unanswered. The aim of this research has been to examine the field of childcare in Wales and, within it, the choices that families make between formal and informal care. It utilises the theories of Pierre Bourdieu in the study of childcare as a social practice, using his key ‘thinking tools’ of habitus, capitals and field. The study also follows his methodological approach to researching the topic. Three inter-related strands of research activity are presented in this thesis using mixed methods. First, is a structured analysis of policy and related texts. Secondly, data from the 2015 National Survey for Wales is subjected to quantitative examination to present a picture of informal childcare use in Wales, and thirdly, interviews with 45 parents from three areas of Wales are interpreted using thematic analysis. The research finds that there are indeed distinctive aspects of childcare in Wales, including greater use of informal care and less use of formal childcare than in England. Informal childcare use is found to be less associated with economic capital than accumulations of cultural and social capital. Building on Bourdieu’s theories, it finds that alongside unequal possession of capital, parental habitus including work and care dispositions are important in understanding the decisions that parents make about childcare. Also found are differences in the choices that parents make, and are able to make, according to where they live - as well as some distinctive practices related to Welsh language. In conclusion, this research finds that the distinctiveness of the childcare field in Wales and the policy context are inter-related. The political and ideological framing of childcare in Wales along with the delivery model of formal childcare are found to be incoherent. This can be observed to result in many parents relying on informal childcare to accommodate work and caring responsibilities and preferences. Those parents without access to informal care are therefore considerably disadvantaged.
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Call, Karen Dawn. "Childcare Opinion's Project: Incarcerated Mothers' Perceptions of Appropriate Childcare." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306507690.

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Fletcher, Ryan G. "Fathers' and mothers' childcare ideas and paternal childcare participation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2806/.

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The relationship between fathers' and mothers' gender-role ideas and fathers' level of participation in general housework has been well documented. Data from a study in 1998 were used to explore specific aspects of this relationship. In particular, fathers' and mothers' genderrole ideas with regard to childcare (childcare ideas) was examined to see whether these ideas influence paternal childcare participation. Specifically, what impact they had on performance of childcare tasks and the time fathers spent with their children. The responses of 38 couples (76 individuals) were analyzed. No statistically significant relationships were found between the variables. The distribution of the data suggests that even though most fathers claimed to have nontraditional childcare ideas, most mothers still performed the great majority of childcare tasks.
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Kovács, Borbála. "Childcare arrangements and the role of childcare policy provisions in Romania." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5fb894e-abdd-462a-80fb-4e6d720816b9.

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The focus of the thesis is the exploration of young children’s routine childcare arrangements and the role played by childcare policy provisions (in cash, in time and in kind, through services) in shaping these arrangements in the Romanian context. Through the narratives of 68 family carers in 37 urban and rural Romanian households in multi-ethnic Transylvania, the study investigates the household level processes whereby young children’s care arrangements come to be and explores the ways in which the design of and access to childcare policy provisions might shape young children’s routine care arrangements. In doing so, the thesis reconceptualises the term childcare arrangements and provides a descriptive account of ten different routine arrangements for the care of young children. Through an inductive analysis of carer narratives, the thesis also develops a heuristic tool – hierarchies of care ideals – that lies at the heart of a refined explanatory framework pertaining to the conception and implementation of individual care arrangements. This framework complements existing analytic models that have been developed to explain mothers’ employment and care related decisions during their children’s early years. Building on this inductively developed framework, the thesis expands on the role that different childcare policy provisions were said to play in shaping households’ childcare choices. The thesis reveals that the designs of policy provisions and households’ access to different benefits directly shape young children’s care arrangements. Furthermore, through the analysis of narrative pairs available for most households in the study, the thesis explores the gendered ways in which mothers and fathers narratively constructed agency in relation to decision-making about children’s care arrangements. Finally, the thesis proposes three real-type decision-making models described by carers in the study, revealing the dynamic nature of household decision-making in relation to children’s care arrangements.
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Beal, Heather L. "How Childcare Type and Disaster Recovery Funding Type Impact Childcare Recovery." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6820.

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Childcare is critical community infrastructure, yet it is typically not eligible for recovery assistance postdisaster. The effect of disaster on children has been extensively studied and research indicates that the return to normalcy (e.g., through restoration of childcare programs) helps aid recovery. Despite this, little research has been conducted on how childcare programs recover. The purpose of this research was to investigate how the recovery times for childcare programs affected by Superstorm Sandy varied based on childcare typology and the recovery funding resources used. A quasi-experimental research design was selected and data from 76 surveys was evaluated using one-way and factorial analysis of variance. The research questions were designed to evaluate the impact of recovery funding types used, childcare type, number of recovery funding resources used, and the interaction of childcare type and recovery funding types used on recovery time. Resource dependence theory was chosen as the theoretical framework because of its precept that only effective organizations survive through application of behaviors such as diversification of resources. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the number of recovery resources used and recovery time (p = .04). Social change starts with information. This study supported social change by providing a baseline for childcare recovery research and emphasizing the importance of childcare to both community recovery and the recovery of children in disaster recovery policy.
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Campbell-Barr, Verity. "The economy of childcare." Thesis, University of Kent, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497736.

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Viitanen, Tarja K. "The economics of childcare." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1226/.

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This thesis examines aspects of the market for childcare that affect female labour force participation and the use of childcare. The literature review indicates that previous research on the topic has not come to any clear conclusion on the impact of the price of childcare on the labour force participation and the use of childcare of mothers of pre-school age children. I examine the market for childcare in the UK in particular. In the UK, the common complaints made about childcare include the lack of availability and its high price. I study these two topics separately in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 respectively. The lack of childcare availability is confirmed in Chapter 2 with its finding that there is a large excess demand for childcare in the UK. A topic intertwined with the availability of childcare is the impact of the price of childcare. I estimate the price elasticities with respect to labour force participation and the use of formal childcare in Chapter 3. I find that a lower price for formal childcare would have a significant effect on the labour force participation and the use of childcare of mothers of pre-school age children. The results in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 may indicate that the market for childcare has failed in the UK. The unsatisfied demand for childcare and the high price for formal childcare that is available are likely to result from a lack of providers in the formal childcare market. Hence it may be necessary to examine whether a subsidy for the producers of childcare can increase the provision of formal childcare and decrease its price to bring the childcare market to an equilibrium. In Chapter 4, I examine whether the methods of childcare financing used in Finland could provide solutions to dealing with the UK childcare problem. In particular I examine the impact of a voucher for privately produced childcare that was adopted in Finland in an experimental setting. I find that, in a market with widely available, low cost public care, the voucher for privately produced childcare has a significant effect on the labour force participation and the use of childcare working through increased availability of private childcare and its lower price.
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Latta, Amy Elizabeth. "Parents' division of childcare responsibilities: Predictors of fathers' childcare involvement and egalitarian attitudes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2533.

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The current study was designed to examine whether adult childrens' reports of egalitarian parenting by their parents would influence the likelihood for egalitarian parenting behavior and gender role attitudes of the adult child. In general, results support the notion of intergenerational transmission of egalitarian parenting behavior. Individuals whose fathers were more involved in parenting reported greater father involvement in parenting their own children.
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Hassan, Azman. "Quality of the physical environment of early childhood development centres: Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley, Malaysia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11487.

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This study investigated the quality of the physical environment of officially registered early childhood development centres (ECDCs) in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Previous research shows that the quality of the physical environment in ECDCs is important for children’s development. However, there is little research about the quality of the physical environment in ECDCs in Malaysia. The main research question examined the physical environmental quality of ECDCs in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley. Other research questions investigated the differences in several independent constructs - ownership, building design, economic support, building type and ethnicity - on physical environmental qualities, the interaction between those constructs and physical environmental qualities, and the relationship between parents’ fees and physical environmental qualities. The study used a quantitative survey research design. The principal data collection method was administering an extensive assessment scale. Assessments were conducted on 80 randomly selected ECDCs using the above sampling frame and descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and Pearson’s product-moment correlation were used for data analyses. The main finding of the current study was that the overall physical environmental quality for centres in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley is low. Consistent with the overall finding, the results for 14 physical environment indicators revealed that none of them scored very high or high. Centres with higher parents’ fees evidence better physical environmental quality. The results of this study provide knowledge, information and criteria about physical environmental qualities to which planners, architects, centre owners and directors and interested childcare organisations can refer. Researchers interested in studying childcare in Malaysia can use the information in this study as a reference. This study shows relative weaknesses in Malaysian centres and hopefully this will lead to directions for improving the quality of their architectural design.
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D'Amour, Allison Catherine. "The relations among childcare provider education, neighborhood poverty, and the quality of childcare classrooms." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8540.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Human Development/Institute for Child Study. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Books on the topic "Childcare"

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Services, Incomes Data, ed. Childcare. London: IDS, 1990.

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Services, Incomes Data, ed. Childcare. London: Incomes Data Services, 1993.

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Somin, Taylor, and Key Note Publications, eds. Childcare. 2nd ed. Hampton: Key Note, 2003.

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Barker, Caroline. Childcare. Richmond: Trotman, 2009.

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Phillippa, Smith, and Key Note Publications, eds. Childcare. Hampton: Key Note, 1998.

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Voluntary Organisations Liaison Council for Under Fives. and Scottish Child and Family Alliance., eds. Choosing childcare. London: VOLCUF, 1991.

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Manchester Early Years Development & Childcare Partnership. Childcare audit. [Manchester]: Manchester City Council, 2000.

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Ross, Kathleen Gallagher. Childcare choices. [Toronto]: Ontario Advisory Council on Women's Issues, 1990.

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Ontario Advisory Council on Women's Issues, ed. Childcare choices. [Toronto]: Ontario Advisory Council on Women's Issues, 1990.

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Kettmann, Susan. Family-friendly childcare. Waco, Tex: WRS Pub., 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Childcare"

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Eckersley, Anna. "Childcare." In Women, 29–34. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12402-2_5.

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Blau, David M. "Childcare." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1977-1.

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Blau, David M. "Childcare." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1570–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1977.

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Fernandes, Elen Daiane Quartaroli. "Childcare." In Studies on Moral Competence, 203–4. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52139-3_20.

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Grebe, Cornelius. "Childcare policy." In Reconciliation Policy in Germany 1998–2008, 135–62. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91924-9_6.

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Roberts, Marcus. "Childcare Policy." In Children in Society, 52–64. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-24714-8_6.

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Owton, Helen. "Balancing Childcare." In Studying as a Parent, 85–92. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-33058-1_6.

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Ho, Christine, and Sunha Myong. "Providing childcare." In The Singapore Economy, 277–309. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429266584-10.

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Sayer, Tony. "Conclusion: Childcare Futures." In Critical Practice in Working With Children, 200–215. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01918-9_11.

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Moran, Daniel. "CHILDCARE." In Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, 159–63. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-3370-7.00016-x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Childcare"

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Bhatti, Neelma. "Digital childcare." In IDC '20: Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397617.3398028.

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Ames, Daniel C., Aliya Mittelman, Jaxon Jones, Denise Halverson, Terri Bateman, Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "Applications of Origami Principles in Deployable Childcare Furniture." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89996.

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Abstract Design projects in childcare settings present unique design challenges because of their function, size, and specific safety concerns. In selecting effective childcare furniture, stowage space, safety, and ease of access for childcare furniture are important considerations. Origami-inspired design can be useful in addressing these issues in an innovative way by introducing flat-foldability and deployability into childcare furniture. Fundamental design considerations for childcare furniture and mechanical design principles for deployable furniture are examined in order to understand how to make safe and functional furniture pieces. Childcare furniture must be very child-safe. This means that origami principles used must not add safety concerns like decreased stability or pinch points. Nonhazardous, durable, and comfortable materials must be used. Extra precaution must be taken when designing folding structures for use in a childcare environment. Mechanical principles for such systems, including folding methods and thickness accommodation, are examined in the context of childcare spaces. Various types of joints are also examined and the M-LET compliant joint is shown as a potential replacement for rigid hinges in folding furniture. Using this understanding, this work presents two simple flat-folding techniques and a compliant joint suitable for a childcare setting and demonstrates these principles through functional “safe space” furniture.
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Leonardi, Chiara, Gianluca Schiavo, Anna Fasoli, and Massimo Zancanaro. "Remote Collaborative Childcare in the Workplace: Sharing Childcare with Colleagues during COVID-19 Emergency." In C&T '21: Communities & Technologies 2021. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3461564.3461590.

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Macary, Susan J., Lisa Honigfeld, and Dorothy Wakefield. "Keeping Children Healthy in Family Childcare." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.36.

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Yamamoto, Keiko, Taichi Fujihara, and Ichi Kanaya. "Internet of Toys for Measuring Development of Drawing Skills in Support of Childcare Workers." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004271.

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During childhood, play is important for promoting the mental and physical development of children. For this reason, those involved with childcare (guardians and childcare workers) need to create an environment suitable for child development and provide children with support and guidance. However, because there are unique elements to the development of each individual child, childcare workers caring for large numbers of children, and guardians in remote areas, may struggle to oversee the daily development of the children in their care. Especially, in Japan, the lack of vacancy at nursery schools and the number of nursery teachers is regarded as a problem in spite of declining birth rates. Therefore, there is a strong desire to realize a society in which children can be raised safely and securely without placing a burden on parents and childcare workers. To solve the problem, we propose various types of toys with built-in sensors are used to acquire motion data during play activities, and a system intended to aid in estimating the child development stage by creating a data visualization for childcare workers. In this paper, we built a pen holder type device for measuring development of drawing skills. Using this prototype, as the first step of an evaluation, we conducted an experiment to verify whether it is possible to discern four types of drawing focusing on changes in drawing skills related to child development. The results showed that they could be identified with 63% (SVM) and 64% (RF) accuracy.
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Andreella, Angela, and Stefano Campostrini. "Suitable statistical approaches for novel policies: spatial clusters of childcare’s services in Veneto, Italy." In CARMA 2023 - 5th International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2023.2023.16439.

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More and more often, policymakers face complex problems that require suitable information obtainable only from the "intelligence of data." This can be obtained by analyzing several data sets (many of high dimension) and adopting suitable, often "sophisticated," statistical models. Here we deal with policies for affordable and quality childcare, essential to balance work and family life, increase labor market participation, promote gender equality, and fight against fertility decline. Understanding the complex dynamics of demand and supply of childcare services is challenging due to the nature of the data: high-dimensional, complex, and heterogeneous nationwide. Considering the Italian case, this complexity and heterogeneity are partially due to the lack of governance at the regional level leading to immediate and effective new policies challenging. This paper aims to analyze the multidimensional aspect of the supply-demand of childcare services combination in the Veneto Italian region using a novel statistical approach and an innovative dataset. We apply the regionalization approach (a clustering method with spatial constraints) to give an immediate picture of childcare services' supply and demand variability. Our empirical findings confirm how the Veneto region is described by many "sub-regional models," providing a preliminary attempt to demonstrate how socio-demographic factors drive these patterns.
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Oshiyama, Chiaki, Ichiro Ishiwata, and Takuichi Nishimura. "Visualization of nursery teacher’s tacit knowledge using knowledge structuring - For efficient acquisition of childcare skills." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003121.

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Skilled professionals work implicitly. Even in the field of childcare, childcare education is said to be an invisible educational method, and the ability to perform the action is implicit. A previous study on experts in educational settings (Leinhardt & Smith, 1998) found that, compared to beginners, experts have a more elaborate and structured schema for educational content, and use fixed procedures and routines for educational methods. It has been clarified that there is a complex integration of teaching materials and techniques, and that there is complexity in knowledge. In addition, prior research on decision-making (Shavelon & Stern, 1981) has revealed that there are many procedures and strategies, but few goals. However, the content of proficiency in childcare professional development is not clearly indicated. This time, by structuring knowledge in a goal-oriented manner, we planned research to clarify each action of beginners and experts, and to search for tacit knowledge by structuring it in a certain way. Subjects: Two childcare workers with 2 years and 31 years of childcare experience who work at a free daycare kindergarten in B City, A Prefecture. Step 1: A 40-minute interview was conducted individually with each child in a conference room in the nursery school. First, we asked the question, ``What would you do for <do free daycare on a rainy day?> We proceeded with the interview while asking them to decide the subject of the action, the order of action, and so on. Step 2: Each piece of knowledge used to achieve a goal was purpose-oriented and structured using a method developed by Nishimura et al. (Nishimura et al., 2013).[Results] By clarifying each action of childcare and structuring it in a goal-oriented manner, we were able to visualize strategies for achieving the goals of both beginner and expert. The beginner mentioned concrete methods. On the other hand, the structured knowledge of experts covered a wide range of areas of childcare, such as child assessment, how to deal with troubles, how to deal with parents, and kindergarten policies. It was thought that the knowledge of expert was wide and abundant. On the other hand, beginner was limited to specific childcare methods and temporary problem-solving methods. Expert are thought to integrate knowledge and procedural knowledge that they have acquired from past experience and adopt strategies to achieve their goals in a procedural manner. It is speculated that the strategy for problem solving is being elaborated in this. On the other hand, it was beginner tended to search for and implement concrete solutions to the problems in front of them. Previous studies have suggested the following. Beginners follow the superficial similarities of problems, but experts focus on the structural features of problems and use analogies effectively (Novick, 1988). Experts approach problems in a qualitatively different way than beginners Solving (Chi et al., 1988). Experts reason forward from the information given in the problem, whereas novices reason backwards (Patel & Groen, 1986). The present results are consistent with the suggestions of those previous studies.
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Osada, Junichi, Shinichi Ohnaka, and Miki Sato. "Scenario and design process of childcare robot PaPeRo." In the 2006 ACM SIGCHI international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1178823.1178930.

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Shiomi, Masahiro, and Norihiro Hagita. "Social acceptance of a childcare support robot system." In 2015 24th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2015.7333658.

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Moshel, Smadar. "Reforming Inspection Over Childcare Provision: Lessons From Israel." In 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1878239.

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Reports on the topic "Childcare"

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Farquharson, Christine. Early education and childcare spending. Institute for Fiscal Studies, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2019.bn0258.

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Farquharson, Christine, and Harriet Olorenshaw. The changing cost of childcare. The IFS, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2022.0210.

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Maclean, Johanna Catherine, and Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia. Paid Sick Leave and Childcare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w32710.

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Mateo Díaz, Mercedes, and Lourdes Rodriguez Chamussy. Who Cares About Childcare? Estimations of Childcare Use in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000001.

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Paull, Gillian, Megan Jarvie, Christine Farquharson, Elaine Drayton, Claire Crawford, and Jo Blanden. Challenges for the childcare market: the implications of COVID-19 for childcare providers in England. The IFS, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2020.0175.

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Crawford, Claire, Mike Brewer, Birgitta Rabe, and Sarah Cattan. Does free childcare help parents work? Institute for Fiscal Studies, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2016.0189.

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Hank, Karsten, and Michaela R. Kreyenfeld. Childcare and fertility in (western) Germany. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2001-019.

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Krapf, Sandra. Childcare and family ideology in Sweden. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2009-044.

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Paull, Gillian, Jayne Taylor, and Alan Duncan. Mothers' employment and childcare in Britain. Institute for Fiscal Studies, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2002.0064.

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Benison, Thomas, and Isabelle Sin. The wage cost of a lack of access to affordable childcare in Aotearoa New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2023.02.

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Access to suitable and affordable childcare is a prerequisite for labour force participation for many mothers. We use data from the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study to investigate how lack of access to childcare affects mothers’ work in New Zealand, a nation with high-quality but expensive childcare. We find many mothers whose young children are not in childcare due to a lack of access report being prevented from working by childcare access issues. However, just over a fifth of mothers whose children are not in care due to access issues do work, and some mothers whose children are in care still report they are unable to work due to childcare issues. By combining information on mothers’ work status and reasons for not working with earnings data for working mothers of young children, we estimate New Zealand mothers with children under age three who are not working only because they can’t access childcare may be foregoing $116 million or more of wages each year.
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