Journal articles on the topic 'Child welfare Information services Victoria'
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1
Tilbury, Clare, and June Thoburn. "Children in out-of-home care in Australia: International comparisons." Children Australia 33, no. 3 (2008): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200000262.
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As governments increasingly search globally for strategies to improve child welfare outcomes, it is vital to consider how policies and programs developed in other countries are likely to suit local conditions. Routinely collected child welfare administrative data can provide contextual information for cross-national comparisons. This article examines out-of-home care in Australia compared to other developed countries, and explores possible explanations for differences in patterns and trends. In doing so, it also examines the similarities and differences between NSW, Victoria and Queensland. It is argued that a sound understanding of how out-of-home care is used, the profile of children in care and the influences on data can assist policy makers to match proposed solutions to clearly understood current problems. The imperative is to plan and implement policies and programs that locate out-of-home care within a range of child welfare services that meet the diverse needs of children and families within local contexts.
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Mendes, Philip, and Badal Moslehuddin. "Moving out from the state parental home: A comparison of leaving care policies in Victoria and New South Wales." Children Australia 29, no. 2 (2004): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200005976.
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Young people leaving care are arguably one of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups in society. Compared to most young people, they face numerous barriers to accessing educational, employment and other developmental and transitional opportunities.Using information from interviews and a range of documents, this study compares the leaving care supports currently available in two Australian states, Victoria and New South Wales. Attention is drawn to the history of the leaving care debate in both states, the nature of the existing legislative and program supports for care leavers in each state, the key political and policy actors that have either helped or hindered the development of leaving care policies and services in each state, and the principal unmet needs of care leavers in each state.The findings suggest that NSW leads the way in terms of providing effective legislative and program supports to care leavers. The differences between Victoria and NSW are attributed to a number of factors including particularly the different relationships between the respective government bureaucracies and non-government child welfare sectors.
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Mitchell, Brian. "Preventative Child Welfare Services in Victoria." Children Australia 13, no. 1 (1988): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000001752.
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The idea of prevention in child welfare is not new. The prevention of substitute placement of children whether on a temporary or long-term basis has been a fundamental principle of child welfare we have held to for many years in Victoria.However, it is only in the last decade that this principle is actually being carried out in practice by a number of voluntary agencies. For many children placement is still commonly used as a solution it is easier to place a child than to promote change within many multi-deficit families.
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Tierney, Len, and Meryl McDowell. "Child Welfare: Reception Centres, Regionalization, and Deinstitutionalization." Children Australia 15, no. 1 (1990): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200002522.
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Between 1972 - 1980, eighteen regional offices were opened by state welfare authorities in Victoria, with the long term prospect that a comprehensive set of programmes would be developed in each region. This is part of an extensive policy change in which the reception of children into care will proceed by more diverse and local arrangements. Safe custody options already include small residential units and foster care and the very term “reception centre” is no longer part of official language. Substantial progress has been made along these lines and of the two central reception centres, Allambie (25-150 residents) is in the process of being closed and Baltara (45-70 residents) is to be redeveloped. In the most recently published planning documents redevelopment of these facilities had been anticipated by December 1990.1 However, not a great deal is known about the population of these two centres, about reception processes and why some children proceed quickly through the process and others do not. This paper examines the present status of reception centres in Victoria and reports upon a preliminary study of the reception centre population for the period 1986-1987. An argument is made that there is a case for revising reception policy and practice not only in existing centres but, in proposed new facilities and for giving more attention to services, for children and families who present with unusual difficulties.
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Tregeagle, Susan. "Participation in Child Welfare Services Through Information and Communication Technologies." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 2, no. 2 (April 2010): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2010040102.
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Case management systems were designed to open the way for increased participation of young people and their families in child welfare interventions, and, their standardised format provides a valuable opportunity to use ICT in social work practice. Existing research is unclear about how effectively case management affects participation, nor, the impact of ICT on social work interventions. This paper describes the findings of qualitative research with service users about their experiences of case management and how ICT could further their involvement in critical decisions for families. Service users are keen to use ICT and this could help overcome the limitations of paper-based case management systems and exploit the communication potential of the internet and mobile phones. However, before ICT could be used, the complex ‘digital divide’ affecting disadvantaged families would need to be addressed and social workers’ understanding and current use of ICT would need to be explored.
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Ban, Paul, and Phillip Swain. "Family Group Conferences, part two: Putting the ‘family’ back into child protection." Children Australia 19, no. 4 (1994): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s103507720000417x.
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This is the second of two articles examining the establishment of Family Decision Making in Victoria. The first ‘Family Group Conferences – Part One: Australia's first Project in Child Protection’ was presented in the previous edition of Children Australia. This article builds upon the first by presenting an overview of the evaluation of the Victorian Family Decision Making Project, and pointing to practice and other implications of the development of this Project for child welfare services generally.
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Robertson, John G., and Kimberly R. Wier. "Using Geographical Information Systems to Enhance Community-Based Child Welfare Services." Child Maltreatment 3, no. 3 (August 1998): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559598003003002.
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Pitman, Tony. "Children Australia: A proud past and an exciting future." Children Australia 35, no. 4 (2010): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200001218.
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Children Australia is entering a new and exciting era in its development. After some 35 years as an academic and practice-oriented publication, the Journal is now set to continue this tradition, but also to broaden its scope in response to the increasing complexity of working with children, young people and their families and carers.Over nearly four decades, we have enjoyed the support of a number of organisations, key activists in the field and practitioners. Established in 1976 under the title of Australian Child and Family Welfare, the Journal was published by the Children's Welfare Association in Victoria as the quarterly journal of the Child and Family Welfare Council of Australia and funded by the Children's Welfare Foundation. Publication of the journal coincided with a number of key policy changes through the 1970s, and in 1979, during the International Year of the Child, it addressed a range of themes that were paramount in the minds of academics and practitioners both in Australia and overseas. The 1980s saw new challenges in the sector, computerisation, the amalgamations of a range of children's agencies, and devolution of services from government in to the non-Government sector, together with major economic change. By the late 1980s, Australia was in recession and many in the sector were facing major organisational changes, particularly in Victoria under the Kennett government.
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Gonzalez, Andrea, Harriet MacMillan, Masako Tanaka, Susan M. Jack, and Lil Tonmyr. "Child Welfare Responses Linked to Subtypes of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence From the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 13-14 (April 20, 2017): 2607–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517705661.
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Children exposed to intimate partner violence (CE-IPV) are at increased risk for later health and social difficulties. To date, studies have primarily focused on CE-IPV as a unitary construct; this may lead to the mistaken assumption that all subtypes of CE-IPV (i.e., exposure to direct or indirect physical abuse, or exposure to emotional abuse) are equally harmful requiring similar responses from child welfare services. The purpose of this study was to examine child welfare responses by CE-IPV subtype in a large Canadian child welfare sample. Using data from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect–2008 ( N = 2,184), we examined child welfare responses to CE-IPV subtypes or their co-occurrence. Information was obtained from child welfare workers’ reports. Cases with co-occurring subtypes of CE-IPV were more likely to be substantiated and involved multiple incidents compared with that with single CE-IPV subtypes. Cases with direct physical CE-IPV and co-occurring CE-IPV were also more likely to remain open and have an application considered or made to child welfare court. Exposure to emotional IPV was the least likely to warrant interventions by welfare services, including referrals to specialized services. These results suggest that within CE-IPV subtypes, there is evidence of different responses (recommendations and services) once a case has been opened by a worker. Future research is needed to examine the effectiveness of the responses and outcomes for children following child welfare interventions.
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Cook, Len. "Evidence, accountability and legitimacy: The oversight of child welfare services." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 36, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-190583.
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Kolinović, Ida. "Digitalizacija poslovanja sektora socijalne i dječje skrbi u Crnoj Gori – socijalni karton (IISSS)." Annual of social work 28, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 499–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3935/ljsr.v28i2.417.
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Social Welfare Information System (SWIS) – Social Card is digital transformation in the service of the social and child protection system reform in Montenegro, with the aim of providing the highest quality of social protection for the poor and socially endangered, in the area of material benefits and social and child protection services. This capital project of the Montenegrin Government has significantly improved the way social work centers’ work, because it has supported all business processes and enabled the creation of a single “social card” of the citizens involved in the system of social welfare and child protection services. This paper presents the information system in social work centers and public institutions for accommodation of beneficiaries (which include direct practice, decision-making and case management, information flow management, storage of historical and up-to-date data on beneficiaries and their families), as well as the benefits of this system for beneficiaries, social and child welfare employees and policy makers. SWIS is an important instrument for targeted funding, provision, monitoring and control of material benefits and services provided to families and individuals, and it has improved the capacity of the Government of Montenegro to plan, monitor and manage social and child protection services. The development and introduction of this software required intensive cooperation of experts, employees in the field of social and child protection, software company S&T (Serbia and Montenegro), UNDP and the Directorate for Informatics and Analytical and Statistical Affairs of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare. Key words: digitalization in social protection; SWIS; material benefits; social and child protection services; institutions for accommodation of users
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Larsson, Karl Kristian, and Marit Haldar. "Can Computers Automate Welfare?" Journal of Extreme Anthropology 5, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jea.8231.
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Information-driven automated systems that deliver services proactively to citizens in need are heralded as the next level of digital government. There is, however, concern that such systems make welfare services less accessible to some citizens. This study uses the case of Norway’s child benefit system to discuss the general obstacles to having welfare policies implemented by proactive digital systems. Norway’s automated child benefit system uses data from Norway’s national resident register to award this benefit to eligible parents whom the system identifies. As such, it is representative of many government systems that use registry data to perform tasks previously done by caseworkers. While the eligibility rules for child benefits are simple, and the register has sufficient data to automate most cases, many parents are not awarded the benefit automatically. This article argues that when developing automated digital services, public administrators are faced with a trilemma. Ideally, proactive automation should be (1) precise in its delivery, (2) inclusive of all citizens, and (3) still support welfare-oriented policies that are independent of the requirements of the digital system. However, limitations with each requirement prevent all three from being realized at the same time. Only two can be simultaneously realized: a public administrator must decide which of them to forego. Consequently, automated services cannot meet all the expectations of policymakers regarding the benefits of digital government. Instead, governments need to find ways of utilizing the benefits of public digitalisation without infringing on citizens’ right to be treated equally and fairly by the government.
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Basta, Mona. "The Difficulty of Obtaining a Child Care Subsidy: Implications for Policy and Practice." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 88, no. 3 (July 2007): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3652.
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Single mothers leaving welfare face a web of obstacles in accessing child care subsidies. This paper develops a model of child care selection and subsidy use among welfare leavers. Findings suggest that the level of trust between parents and child care providers and the availability of information about facilities were important decision-making criteria. Efforts to work with this population need to address their lack of information about subsidies to increase the range of child care alternatives and quality and also to promote trusting relationships between social workers and welfare leavers. Specific recommendations include combining ongoing case management with education about child care alternatives and subsidies. However, child care information services should be separated from subsidies to promote trust in relationships with clients.
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MacPherson, Colleen. "Community Engagement, Child Welfare, and Domestic Violence Service Agencies." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 1, no. 3/4 (July 30, 2010): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs13/420102087.
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Although coordinated community responses to domestic violence are widely encouraged in the literature as a best practice approach, collaboration between multiple domestic violence response service agencies and government systems is often not achieved. Because of the fragmentation of domestic violence services, this literature review examines community engagement in general and the need for coordination between child welfare agencies and women serving anti-violence services in particular. The skills and strategies necessary for community engagement are explored along with the historical relationship between the two service streams. Also included is a review of the barriers to collaboration between child welfare and women serving agencies along with recommendations to overcome these hurdles. By way of summation, a discussion is provided on how information learned through this review process may be applied to practice for Child and Youth Care Practitioners and others who take up the difficult task of responding to the complex needs of families experiencing domestic violence.
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Connolly, Marie, Christopher Hall, Sue Peckover, and Sue White. "E-technology and information sharing in child welfare: Learning from the English experience." Children Australia 32, no. 4 (2007): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011718.
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The use of e-technology as a way of improving communication and collaboration across services in child welfare has generated significant interest in recent years. The Information Sharing and Assessment (ISA) is an e-technology initiative that has been introduced by the British Government as an attempt to promote better information sharing between professionals, early identification and multi-professional interventions. This article looks at one aspect of ISA, the introduction of the Common Assessment Framework (CAF). It considers some of the issues relating to the introduction and use of the CAF, and discusses some of the ways in which systems of child welfare may learn from the English experience. While acknowledging the potential for e-technology to strengthen practice developments in child welfare, it emphasises the need for careful scrutiny of new developments to ensure that they do not have negative, unintended consequences.
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Freundlich, Madelyn, and Erika London Bocknek. "Child Fatalities in New York City: An Assessment of Child Protective Service Practice." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 88, no. 4 (October 2007): 583–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3681.
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This article describes the results of two exploratory studies conducted in New York City that used reports of child fatality investigations conducted by the New York State Office of Children and Family Services. It describes the characteristics of children who died as a result of maltreatment and the quality of the child fatality investigations, risk and safety assessments, and protective services responses. Three groups are the focus: children who died while living with families not previously referred to the public child welfare agency; children who died while living with families previously referred to the public child welfare agency; and all children in foster care. The studies found that safety and risk assessments often were not conducted appropriately when children were initially reported to child protective services and when the safety of surviving siblings was at issue; there often was insufficient attention to the elevation of risk as a result of the presence of multiple risk factors in families; and foster parents often did not receive adequate information about health conditions that posed significant risks for children in their care. This article advances practice and policy recommendations for strengthening responses to families who are at high risk and identifies future research directions.
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Davidson, Beverly. "Service Needs of Relative Caregivers: A Qualitative Analysis." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 78, no. 5 (October 1997): 502–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.819.
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Research indicates that kinship care in the child welfare system is increasing each year. Most child welfare agencies, however, do not provide adequate services to relative caregivers. The needs assessment presented here analyzed the service needs of a representative sample of relative caregivers at Lucas County Children Services in Toledo, Ohio. Field interviews were used to gather qualitative data. Results indicated that relatives needed tangible items such as beds, food, and clothing in the initial stages of placement. Ongoing needs included information regarding case progress and system procedures, respite, day care, and counseling for the child. The relatives recommended developing a kinship advisory council to assist the agency in policymaking and a respite program for relative caregivers.
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Saepuddin, Encang, Edwin Rizal, and Agus Rusmana. "Posyandu Roles as Mothers and Child Health Information Center." Record and Library Journal 3, no. 2 (January 13, 2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/rlj.v3-i2.2017.201-208.
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This research studied on The Posyandu Roles as Mothers and Children Health Information Center in Narawita Village Cicalengka County Bandung Regency. With objectives to find out community perceptions toward the Posyandu (center of integrated health services) Programs, its roles in improving health quality of mothers and children, and the Posyandu as an information center for communities, this study used qualitative method and data are gathered through interviews, observations, focus group discussion, and a literature study. The respondents are Posyandu cadres, the Village PKK (family welfare program) cadres, medical practitioners, and the posyandu members. The results show that the communities perceptions toward Posyandu Programs are adequately positive, Posyandu has important roles in improving the health of mothers and children through health service processes, and Posyandu has became as a community health information center.
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Townsend, Michelle. "Educational outcomes of children on guardianship or custody orders: A pilot study: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare." Children Australia 32, no. 3 (2007): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011603.
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The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) has recently released a report on the educational outcomes for children and young people on guardianship or custody orders. This report, four years in the making, represents one of the first comprehensive Australian assessments based on educational performance data from multiple jurisdictions for children on guardianship or custody orders. Developed for the National Child Protection and Support Services data group, the study was funded by the Community and Disability Services Ministers’ Advisory Council (AIHW 2007).This pilot study examines how children on guardianship/custody orders are performing compared with all Australian children in education department-based testing for reading and numeracy in years 3, 5 and 7. Mean test scores were examined in addition to the achievement of national benchmarks for reading and numeracy. These nationally agreed benchmarks are designed to assess whether children have achieved the minimum standards for years 3, 5 and 7 (AIHW 2007). Data on 895 children on guardianship or custody orders were collected from five jurisdictions - Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory - for August 2003 (AIHW 2007). The data were linked through collaborative efforts by state and territory education and community services departments.
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Malmstrom, P. E., T. Faherty, and P. Wagner. "Essential Nonmedical Perinatal Services for Multiple Birth Families." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 37, no. 2 (April 1988): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000004128.
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AbstractParents of multiples suffer unique stresses which can severely impair family health and welfare. Access to information, counseling, and community resources increase parents' abilities to cope, and reduce the risk of child and spousal abuse. Twinline, a social service agency in Califormia, provides a variety of free and low-cost nonmedical perinatal services to meet the needs of a heterogeneous population of over 1,000 multiple birth families and parents expecting multiples in the urban and rural counties of the San Francisco Bay Area.
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Bamblett, Muriel, and Peter Lewis. "Detoxifying the Child and Family Welfare System for Australian Indigenous Peoples: Self-determination, Rights and Culture as the Critical Tools." First Peoples Child & Family Review 3, no. 3 (May 19, 2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069396ar.
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The toxic environment that is colonized Australia has broken many of the traditional circles of care for Indigenous children and created a service system which waits for Indigenous families to become dysfunctional before there is any response. The Victorian Aboriginal Child Care Agency (VACCA) encourages an approach to Indigenous children and families which is culturally respectful, culturally appropriate and framed according to the need to respect self-determination and human rights. VACCA has developed early childhood and family welfare policies which identify how cultural-strengthening works as a preventative measure to address risk factors for Indigenous children. With the ongoing reforms to Child and Family Welfare arising from the Children, Youth and Families Act, the Victoria State Government in Australia has an historic opportunity to lead the nation in creating an Indigenous-led child and family service system which focuses on issues of prevention and early intervention. The new Act prioritizes cultural and community connection in the best interest principles for Indigenous children, recognizes self-determination and requires generalist children’s welfare services to be culturally competent. The only way to ensure that every Indigenous child is effectively cared for is by developing the capacity of Indigenous communities to look after their own by strengthening Indigenous organizations and agencies. It is Indigenous agencies who are best placed to deliver innovative programs which are culturally embedded and carefully targeted to restore the circles of care for Indigenous kids. Aculturally competent service system is what is needed to ensure better outcomes for Indigenous children.
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Morgan, Roger. "Inspection of children’s residential care." Educational and Child Psychology 14, no. 2 (1997): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.1997.14.2.13.
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AbstractChildren’s homes and boarding schools are mainly inspected under the provision of the Children Act, 1989. Monitoring may also include notifications of significant events, management visits and information from complaints and child protection investigations. Inspection comprises gathering, corroborating and evaluating information against declared welfare standards, leading to inspection reports, recommendations and, occasionally, enforcement action. Welfare provision is also significantly influenced by availability of known standards, establishments’ own review in preparation for inspections, cross-fertilization of inspectors’ ideas, and provision of advice by inspection units. Inspection uses a range of inspection methods, which may include the use of questionnaires for comparison with normative data, and assessments by lay persons. Inspections generally progress from general evaluation to consideration of particular emerging issues, balancing factual information and professional judgement, until the level of corroboration balances the amount of new issues in the information being gained. Key issues from inspections include: staff recruitment checks, bullying and its countermeasures, child protection, discipline, who children take personal problems to, and in special settings, restraint and therapeutic provision.Personal social services inspection is currently under national review. An inspection should be regarded as a spot-check, which contributes significantly to child welfare and protection, but cannot in itself ensure sound practice.
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Ainsworth, Frank, and John Berger. "Family Inclusive Child Protection Practice: The History of the Family Inclusion Network and Beyond." Children Australia 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.1.
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This article records briefly the history of the Family Inclusion Network as an organisation that promotes family inclusive child protection practice. Since its inception in Queensland in 2006, Family Inclusion Network organisations have been formed elsewhere and now exist in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. In 2010, developments at a national level saw the formation of the Family Inclusion Network Australia. Most organisations are incorporated and some have achieved charitable status. Each organisation endorses a common set of aims and objectives. There are, however, differences in terms of whether state or territory organisations accept government funding or not, are staffed by professionals or rely entirely on volunteer personnel, and have a capacity or otherwise to provide direct casework services to parents. Some state organisations focus on information and advice services, and legislative and policy reform efforts. All have telephone advice lines and a webpage presence. This article also focuses on a code of ethics for child protection practice and on the contribution parents can make to child protection services, and their rights to do so.
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Waechter, Randall L., Christine Wekerle, Bruce Leslie, Deborah Goodman, Nadine Wathen, and Brenda Moody. "Child Protective Services and University-Based Partnerships: A Participatory Action-Based Model for Creating and Sharing Knowledge." First Peoples Child & Family Review 4, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069335ar.
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This paper presents one model for building and sustaining a research partnership between researchers and professional staff in child protection (CPS) agencies. The Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathways (MAP) study was designed to assess the health and well-being of the population of adolescents involved in the child welfare system of a major urban area. The study involved the collaboration between university based researchers and a range of child welfare staff, from administration to front-line workers. A key factor supporting collaboration was reciprocity with expertise, with CPS practitioner knowledge yielding intervention-relevant study queries and constructs, and researcher knowledge on health content and best practices yielding tailored training opportunities and increased climate for knowledge uptake. The MAP study combined a Participatory Action Research (PAR) model with a traditional, scientific positivist model, including the scientific elements of standardized measures, explicit evaluation of the participatory process, and research impact on the community members. This study: 1) provides information on the process of creating effective researcher-CPC agency partnerships, 2) considers key ethics issues, such as the participant’s reactivity to research of child welfare- involved clients, and 3) examines the implications of implanting a PAR approach in research with Aboriginal CPS agencies, as per the required use of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Guidelines for Health Research Involving Aboriginal People for future community- university partnerships.
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Alperin, Diane Elias. "Graduate and Undergraduate Field Placements in Child Welfare: Is There A Difference?" Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 2, no. 1 (October 1, 1996): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/1084-7219.2.1.109.
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A continuing theme in social work education has been on defining the educational continuum between BSW and MSW degrees. While some authors have focused on the existence of continuity or discontinuity in the curriculum, recent research studies have identified similarities and differences in graduate and undergraduate field placements. Both social work education and the profession of social work have recently focused their attention on the field of child welfare, in an effort to attract more professional social workers to the field. Part of this effort has resulted in a “New Partnership Initiative” between social service departments and social work educators to aid in the reprofessionalization of public social services. The current study was undertaken, in part, to gather information on undergraduate and graduate field placements in child welfare in one state with such a partnership agreement.
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Bywaters, Paul, Jonathan Scourfield, Chantel Jones, Tim Sparks, Martin Elliott, Jade Hooper, Claire McCartan, Marina Shapira, Lisa Bunting, and Brigid Daniel. "Child welfare inequalities in the four nations of the UK." Journal of Social Work 20, no. 2 (September 11, 2018): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017318793479.
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Comparative international data on patterns of inequality in child welfare interventions, for example, the proportion of children about whom there are substantiated child protection concerns or who are in out-of-home care, are far less developed than data about inequalities in health. Few countries collect reliable, comprehensive information and definitions, methods of data collection and analysis are rarely consistent. The four UK countries (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales) provide a potential ‘natural experiment’ for comparing intervention patterns. This study reports on a large quantitative, descriptive study focusing on children in contact with children’s services on a single date in 2015. It found that children’s chances of receiving a child protection intervention were related to family socio-economic circumstances, measured by neighbourhood deprivation, within all four countries. There was a strong social gradient which was significantly steeper in some countries than others. Ethnicity was another important factor underlying inequalities. While inequalities in patterns of intervention between the four countries were considerable, they did not mirror relative levels of deprivation in the child population. Inequalities in intervention rates result from a combination of demand and supply factors. The level and extent of inequity raise profound ethical, economic and practical challenges to those involved in child protection, the wider society and the state.
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Elgin, Dallas J., and David P. Carter. "Higher performance with increased risk of undesirable outcomes: the dilemma of U.S. child welfare services privatization." Public Management Review 22, no. 11 (July 9, 2019): 1603–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1637013.
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Drury-Hudson, Julie. "Maintaining links: Resource demands and social work attitudes in respect to parent–child access in a statutory child welfare agency." Children Australia 20, no. 1 (1995): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200004338.
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This paper investigates the demands on social work resources in the north east region of the Department For Family and Community Services in South Australia, and examines the attitudes of workers to the question of access. Twenty three social workers, working predominantly in Child and Family Teams, were interviewed. A two part questionnaire was devised. The initial data covered information relating to the frequency, duration and supervision of access visits. The second part of the questionnaire used a semi-structured, open-ended format in order to explore social workers' knowledge and values in respect to access. The results of these interviews are presented and the implications for policy and practice in relation to statutory social work are discussed.
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Albers, Bianca, Jessica Hateley-Browne, Thomas Steele, Vanessa Rose, Aron Shlonsky, and Robyn Mildon. "The Early Implementation of FFT-CW®, MST-Psychiatric®, and SafeCare® in Australia." Research on Social Work Practice 30, no. 6 (March 4, 2020): 658–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731520908326.
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Purpose: In 2017–2018, the state of Victoria, Australia, initiated the implementation of five family and parenting programs within family services. Three—SafeCare®, Functional Family Therapy-Child Welfare®, and Multisystemic Therapy-Psychiatric®—originated in the United States and were supported through overseas intermediary or purveyor organizations (IPOs). This study examines the challenges and barriers faced by service agencies and their staff during the initial implementation of these three research-supported interventions (RSIs). Method: Qualitative data collected among a purposive sample of implementers selected across provider agencies and IPOs were analyzed. Results: IPOs’ implementation specialists used a similarly composed sample of N = 31.2 implementation strategies. The early implementation stage was fragile and characterized by three distinct phases. Primary implementation challenges existed in the inner setting, intervention, and individual characteristics. Discussion: To balance the fragility of early implementation and sustain RSI implementation, it is important to immediately supplement overseas IPO support with strong local implementation capacities.
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Brown, Samantha M., Rebecca Orsi, and Pang Ching Bobby Chen. "Child, Family, and Case Characteristics Associated With Reentry Into Out-of-Home Care Among Children and Youth Involved With Child Protection Services." Child Maltreatment 25, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559519869395.
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Many children and youth with child protection services (CPS) involvement enter out-of-home care. The aims of this study were to examine rates of reentry and risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care among children and youth involved in the child protection (reported for abuse/neglect) and youth-in-conflict (reported for behavioral issues) programs. This study used administrative data from Colorado’s Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System, which contains information on all children and youth who enter Colorado’s CPS. Of the 14,461 children and youth in the child protection program and 2,353 children and youth in the youth-in-conflict program, 14.7% and 35.1%, respectively, reentered into out-of-home care. Families’ prior history of CPS involvement and current CPS case characteristics better explained reentry into out-of-home care than child and family demographic characteristics alone. Understanding risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care is critical to inform the prevention of child maltreatment recurrence and ensure the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and youth.
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Nilaweera, Irosha, Heather Rowe, Hau Nguyen, Joanna Burns, Frances Doran, and Jane Fisher. "Sri Lankan-born women who have given birth in Victoria: a survey of their primary postpartum health-care needs." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 2 (2016): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14067.
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Women who migrate are vulnerable after giving birth. Normal postpartum adaptive challenges are heightened by separation from family and lack of familiarity with local services. The aim was to investigate primary care needs among Sri Lankan-born women with at least one Victorian-born child aged under 2 years. Health care, information and support needs and unmet needs were assessed in a structured Sinhala or English survey offered in print, online or by telephone. Fifty women provided data. Most (80%) had at least one relative from Sri Lanka to stay for postpartum support. Despite this, many had difficulties settling (62%), feeding (58%) and soothing (42%) their babies. They used significantly fewer health services on average (2.3) than mothers in the general community (2.8) (P < 0.004). Only 32% of primiparous women attended at least one First-Time Parents’ group session. Of women experiencing infant care difficulties, only two-thirds accessed care from a Maternal and Child Health Nurse and only one-third from a General Practitioner. Sri Lankan-born mothers have significant unmet needs for primary care, which are not reduced by informal support. A two-pronged approach is indicated in which women are informed about primary care availability, and the cultural competence and client friendliness of services is strengthened.
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Penne, Tess, Tine Hufkens, Tim Goedemé, and Bérénice Storms. "To what extent do welfare states compensate for the cost of children? The joint impact of taxes, benefits and public goods and services." Journal of European Social Policy 30, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928719868458.
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In order to alleviate child poverty, contemporary European welfare states have shifted their focus increasingly towards child-centred investment strategies. However, studies examining the generosity of welfare states to families with children focus mainly on cash benefit packages, or on government expenditure, while not taking into account the actual out-of-pocket costs families have to make to fulfil their needs. This article aims at contributing to existing studies by: (1) empirically assessing the needs and costs of children across welfare states by making use of cross-nationally comparable reference budgets, while taking into account publicly provided or subsidised services; (2) simulating the cash benefits and taxes that affect households with children through the tax–benefit system, by making use of the new Hypothetical Household Tool (HHoT) in EUROMOD; and (3) combining both types of information in order to compare the essential out-of-pocket costs for children between 6 and 18 years old with the simulated cash benefit packages. We propose a new indicator that can be used to assess welfare state generosity to families with children: the child cost compensation indicator. The use of the indicator is empirically illustrated by comparing six European welfare states: Belgium, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Spain. The article shows that, even though with important cross-national variation, cash transfers generally amount to less than 60 percent of the cost of children. Although in five out of six countries support for families is higher at the lower end of the income distribution, for households living on a low gross wage, the income of a family with children is less adequate compared to a similar childless family and is in many cases insufficient to participate adequately in society.
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Tonmyr,, L., and A. Gonzalez. "Correlates of joint child protection and police child sexual abuse investigations: results from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect–2008." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 35, no. 8/9 (November 2015): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.35.8/9.03.
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Introduction Our study examines the frequency of joint investigations by child protection workers and the police in sexual abuse investigations compared to other maltreatment types and the association of child-, caregiver-, maltreatment- and investigation-related characteristics in joint investigations, focussing specifically on investigations involving sexual abuse. Methods We analyzed data from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect–2008 using logistic regression. Results The data suggest that sexual abuse (55%), and then physical abuse, neglect and emotional maltreatment, are most often co-investigated. Substantiation of maltreatment, severity of maltreatment, placement in out-of-home care, child welfare court involvement and referral of a family member to specialized services was more likely when the police were involved in an investigation. Conclusion This study adds to the limited information on correlates of joint child protection agency and police investigations. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of these joint investigations.
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Jørgensen, Andreas Møller, and Maria Appel Nissen. "Making sense of decision support systems: Rationales, translations and potentials for critical reflections on the reality of child protection." Big Data & Society 9, no. 2 (July 2022): 205395172211251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20539517221125163.
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Decision support systems, which incorporate artificial intelligence and big data, are receiving significant attention in the public sector. Decision support systems are sociocultural artefacts that are subject to a mix of technical and political choices, and critical investigation of these choices and the rationales they reflect are paramount since they are inscribed into and may cause harm, violate fundamental rights and reproduce negative social patterns. Applying and merging the concepts of sense-making and translation, this article investigates the rationales, translations and critical reflections that shape the development of a decision support system to support social workers assessing referrals concerning child neglect. It presents findings from a qualitative case study conducted in 2019–2020 at the Citizen Centre Children and Young People, Copenhagen Municipality, Denmark. The analysis shows how key actors through processes of translation construct, negotiate and readjust problem definitions, roles, interests, responsibilities and ideas of ambiguity and accountability. Although technological solutionism is present in these processes, it is not the only rationale invested. Rather, technological and data-driven rationales are adjusted to and merged with rationales of efficiency, return on investment and child welfare. Through continuous renegotiation of roles, responsibilities and problems according to these rationales, the key actors attempt to orchestrate ways of managing the complexity facing child welfare services by projecting images of future potentials of the decision support system that are yet to be realised.
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Lucas, Steven, and Philip John Archard. "Early help and children’s services: exploring provision and practice across English local authoritiesIntroduction." Journal of Children's Services 16, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-03-2020-0006.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore early help provision to children and families not reaching the Children Act (1989) child in need threshold, across all 152 English local authorities in 2017. Design/methodology/approach A freedom of information request was used, in September 2017, to obtain information regarding recorded numbers, attributes and referral reasons for Early Help cases, case categorisation, professional groups involved in this provision and models of practice. Findings Responses revealed there are no common protocols categorising referrals and identified needs of children and young people. Child behavioural issues were the most frequently occurring category followed by parenting issues and child emotional well-being. The numbers of children engaged by Early Help services varied with a range between Barnsley with 7.8% of children under 18 years old and Richmond on Thames with 0.33% and only exceeded children in need in a 7 out of 71 reporting authorities. Models of practice used were most commonly based on the assessment framework, which operates at all social work thresholds including child protection. The enquiry found a diverse workforce involved in Early Help and sets it within a context of local thresholds for dealing with large increases in referral rates to children’s services departments in recent years. Originality/value The study provides a unique insight into the nature and scope of Early Help provision across England. The relationship between existing thresholds of intervention in the child welfare system is underexplored in the social work literature.
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Raišienė, Agota Giedrė, and Laura Gardziulevičienė. "Availability of social services for families with disabled children in the context of the welfare state." Socialiniai tyrimai 44, no. 2 (August 12, 2021): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/soctyr.44.2.2.
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The phenomenon of the welfare state is characterized by complexity of indicators. To determine in which areas the country is closer to the welfare state, various areas of social policy are analysed. In this article, we set out to investigate one of them, i.e., the accessibility of social services for children with disabilities.
The European Union ensures the basic preconditions for the well-being of children with disabilities and emphasizes the compatibility of health, social and educational services (European Commission, 2021). In addition, Member States are free to introduce specific measures for social inclusion (COM, 2021). The well-being of children with disabilities is inseparable from that of adults, usually the family in which the children live. Depending on the child’s disability, the family has to devote time to the child’s special needs, so opportunities to function in society, such as working and earning an income, become dependent on the social assistance received for the disabled child. Research shows that participation in labour market processes reduces the social exclusion of families with children with disabilities and improves quality of life indicators in general (Stefanidis & Strogilos 2020). However, analysis of good practice is more common, while information about the lack of services that parents face difficulties remains overboard. Thus, our research contributes to a better understanding of how families raising children with disabilities use state-provided social services and what solutions and measures are needed to improve the quality of life of children with disabilities and their relatives. The practical implications of our article are revealed through the possibility of more confidently shaping the decisions and measures of the welfare state.The article presents results of a survey of 68 families with disabled children. Our research was conducted in Druskininkai municipality which has typical infrastructure of social services for the disabled and their families in Lithuania.Our study has shown that social services in Lithuania poorly meet needs of families with disabled children. Though social inclusion is one of the most important features of the welfare state, the provision of social services to disabled and their families goes beyond the concept in Druskininkai municipality at least. Families have little information about social guarantees and support provided by the state and municipality. The families are limited to services reported by health care and education institutions. Moreover, the most significant problem hindering social integration of disabled and their families is a small portion of disabled children using services of day care centre. As a result, children suffer at risk of social exclusion while disabled children’s parents lack of opportunities to fully participate in the labour market.Based on the results of the study we state that increasing the availability of social services that meet the needs of families with disabled children is a necessary social policy solution, without which the development of a welfare state in Lithuania is hardly possible.
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Szwarc, Barbara. "Give them a break: A study of families’ perceptions of the supports available in the community for families with a child with a life-threatening illness." Children Australia 23, no. 2 (1998): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200008592.
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The effectiveness of current support services for families who have a child with a progressive life-threatening illness seems to be a frequently overlooked issue. This paper, which is based on the findings of a recently conducted study, attempts to elucidate the critical issues in supporting this unique group of families. The study examined the perceptions of families regarding the value and effectiveness of the social supports available in the community for families caring for a child with a life-threatening illness in Victoria. Attention has been drawn to perceived gaps in support for these families. Also considered is the effectiveness of supports available for bereaved families who have lost children with life-threatening illnesses. The study was based on information provided by families who had been involved with a family support agency known as Very Special Kids.
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Fleshman, C., A. Wolfson, C. H. Ripple, K. Bonuck, L. Hale, I. Donskoy, R. Robbins, E. McGlinchey, G. Jean-Louis, and J. Owens. "1181 Community-based Organizations Seek Sleep Health Education." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1175.
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Abstract Introduction Increasing attention to the importance of sleep among children raises questions about how to implement accessible, effective interventions. Part of answering those questions rests in determining interest in and demand for programming. Pajama Program (PJP), a 501(c)(3), works with nearly 4,000 community-based organizations (CBOs) nationally that work with children exposed to adversity, including: foster care/child welfare; shelters; low-income schools, after-school, and early care and education programs; and social-service providers. Anticipating its launch of sleep health education programs, PJP and its Good Night Advisory Council of sleep experts designed a CBO needs assessment. Methods The survey was distributed electronically to staff at 3,911 CBOs; 1,635 organizations responded (42%). Results Across respondents, 65% work with children birth to 18 in settings that were non-residential (39%), residential (18%), or both (43%); most (91%) worked with participants for over one month. CBOs included child welfare/foster care (20.6% of respondents); transitional housing/shelter (20.5%); social services (15.6%); and early care and education (12.7%). Interest in sleep health education was high across all program types: 80 to 89% of programs within each type wanted information for staff and/or caregivers, specifically handouts (among 93% of programs), articles (88%), videos (85%), and workshops (70%). At least 90% of respondents who provided early care and education, parenting, and crisis services were interested in sleep health education for program staff. These program types also had high interest in sleep health education for caregivers, as did child welfare/foster care, school/after school, and shelters (all at least 90% of respondents). Conclusion The CBOs in this sample recognize sleep is an issue among the children they serve, but most did not have access to information on sleep health. These results establish the need for sleep health education and suggest preferred modalities. The project is a model for partnerships involving researchers, nonprofits, and community-based organizations. Support Funding for this project was provided by Pajama Program, a national 501(c)(3) non-profit.
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Eva Oktasari and Titin Eka Sugiatini. "Analysis Of Factors Related To Antenatal Care (Anc) Services In Pregnant Women At Waringinkurung Public Health Center." International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) 2, no. 4 (August 7, 2022): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v2i4.89.
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Antenatal Consideration (ANC) assessment is an effort that saves pregnant women and young people from the causes of gloom and death. The purpose of the ANC is to plan as meticulously and intellectually as possible in order to keep the mom and newborn child pregnant. The requirements related to the contribution of ANC for pregnant women in the Waringinkurung welfare focus strategy were investigated:In the Waringinkurung welfare focus strategy, the described factor is the ANC contribution to pregnant women. Tutoring, data, age, calling, and data sources are all unbiased factors. The survey was used to determine the number of tests from the Slovin section to 83 people. After the facts have been gathered and handled, they will be examined. Results: The study found that the factors associated with providing ANC to young pregnant women at the Waringinkurung polyclinic were ANC contribution (p cost = 0.001), tutoring (p cost = 0.048), information (p cost = 0.030), age (p cost = zero,039), movement (p cost = 0.030), but also source of information (p cost = zero,0.5). The average number of antenatal care visits is several.with the goal of appropriately improving the mother's ability Tips: It is best for pregnant women to have routine pregnancy checks once a month to determine the condition of the mother and baby in the stomach. important phrases: Administration of Ante Natalcare (ANC), preparation, grasp, age, call, and data source.
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Zhao, Fang, Ning Zhu, and Juha Hämäläinen. "Protection of Children in Difficulty in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010279.
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This study investigated the resilience of the Chinese child protection system in responding to the special needs of children in difficulty under the specific circumstances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied qualitative document analysis of child protection administrative documents, in-depth interviews with 13 child protection professionals, and an in-depth case study of 14 children living in difficulty, complemented by relevant information available in the media. The results indicate that there are good policies in China’s child protection services but the organizational and functional fragmentation complicates implementation, suggesting a need for the development of bottom-up practices. The essential conclusion supported by these results is that the child protection system should be regarded and developed as a systematic project combining the legal, policymaking, and professional systems of child welfare services as well as governmental and non-governmental forces. As the COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of the need to develop the field of child protection holistically as an integrated system in terms of social sustainability in China, an international literature-based comparison indicates that the pandemic has also raised similar political awareness in other countries.
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Fong, Kelley. "Getting Eyes in the Home: Child Protective Services Investigations and State Surveillance of Family Life." American Sociological Review 85, no. 4 (August 2020): 610–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122420938460.
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Each year, U.S. child protection authorities investigate millions of families, disproportionately poor families and families of color. These investigations involve multiple home visits to collect information across numerous personal domains. How does the state gain such widespread entrée into the intimate, domestic lives of marginalized families? Predominant theories of surveillance offer little insight into this process and its implications. Analyzing observations of child maltreatment investigations in Connecticut and interviews with professionals reporting maltreatment, state investigators, and investigated mothers, this article argues that coupling assistance with coercive authority—a hallmark of contemporary poverty governance—generates an expansive surveillance of U.S. families by attracting referrals from adjacent systems. Educational, medical, and other professionals invite investigations of families far beyond those ultimately deemed maltreating, with the hope that child protection authorities’ dual therapeutic and coercive capacities can rehabilitate families, especially marginalized families. Yet even when investigations close, this arrangement, in which service systems channel families to an entity with coercive power, fosters apprehension among families and thwarts their institutional engagement. These findings demonstrate how, in an era of welfare retrenchment, rehabilitative poverty governance renders marginalized populations hyper-visible to the state in ways that may reinforce inequality and marginality.
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Kamerman, Sheila B. "International Perspectives on Child Care Policies and Programs." Pediatrics 91, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.1.248.
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Child development research is more extensive and more sophisticated in the United States than in any other country in the world. US policy makers have access to more and better information about the factors known to enhance or impede good child development than those in almost any other country. Nonetheless, the United States lags far behind almost all the major advanced industrialized countries with regard to supply, quality, and affordability of out-of-home child care services for children under the age at which compulsory school begins (5, 6, or 7 years). This paper provides a brief overview of child care internationally, primarily in northern and western Europe, the leaders in this field. The objective is to document the availability and quality of child care services and related policies in these countries. The paper begins by defining the terms that will be used in discussing child care internationally. The major focus is on identifying and describing the policy choices that the advanced, industrialized, western countries have made regarding child care for young children of different ages (preschoolers and infants). DEFINING THE TERMS The child care programs I will describe include preschools (kindergartens, prekindergartens, compensatory early-education programs, nursery schools); day-care centers (nurseries, creches); and family-day-care-homes (both regulated and unregulated). Relative care, occasional baby-sitting, and care provided within a child's own home are not included in this discussion, nor are programs for children with special needs (handicapped children). Nor, because of space limitations, are before- and after-school programs covered. The major cross-national differences have to do with the financing of services and the extent of the role of the public sector; the predominance of the education, health, or social welfare system in delivering the services; the proportion of children of different ages served by these programs; whether services are limited to the children of working mothers; and the quality of the care provided.
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Morrison, Penelope K., Kelley Jones, Elizabeth Miller, Patricia A. Cluss, Donna George, Rhonda Fleming, Lynn Hawker, Terry Bicehouse, and Judy C. Chang. "Human Services Utilization Among Male IPV Perpetrators: Relationship to Timing and Completion of Batterer Intervention Programs." Violence and Victims 34, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 635–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-18-00001.
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Limited information exists on the extent to which male perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) are engaged in the use of human services for co-occuringpsychosocial and health issues. The current analysis uses administrative data from one batterer intervention program (BIP) and data from the local Department of Human Services to explore perpetrators' engagement with human services, and the relationship of that use to timing and completion of the BIP. Data for 330 adult male clients referred to the participating BIP from 2010 to 2015 were collected. A majority (63%) had engaged in at least one human service program. The most common kind of service was mental health (46%). The most specific service engagement was child welfare as a parent (41%). Engagement largely concluded prior to beginning the BIP. BIP completers had less service use overall. Future work should explore how these services could be utilized to improve the success of BIPs and reduce perpetration.
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Boroumand, Suzanne, Anna Karwowska, Michelle Ward, Louise Murray, and Torrey Parker. "98 10 year prospective healthcare data on child maltreatment cases assessed at a tertiary care pediatric centre in Canada." Paediatrics & Child Health 25, Supplement_2 (August 2020): e41-e41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxaa068.097.
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Abstract Background Child maltreatment is common with a reported prevalence of 32.1%. Physical abuse (PA), sexual abuse (SA), and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) are reported by 26%, 10%, and 7.9% of Canadian adults, respectively. While many child maltreatment cases require health evaluation, there is little data on the medical assessment of these cases. The Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS-2008) reviewed child welfare cases but not data on their medical aspects, despite 5% of substantiated PA cases being sufficiently severe to require need for medical assessment. There is no published data describing the type, breadth, or outcomes of cases seen in the Canadian healthcare system. Objectives 1 - To describe 10 years of institutional data of children and youth seen for concerns of maltreatment. 2- To use this information to provide recommendations for resource allocation and highlight need for services. Design/Methods Secondary data was analyzed using descriptive statistics from a preexisting quality improvement database where information was collected from the CHEO Child and Youth Protection Review Committee (CYP RC) over 10 years (April 2009-April 2019). The project was approved by the CHEO REB. Results There were a total of 2651 cases reviewed at the CYP RC. Fifty-seven percent (n=1658) of child maltreatment cases were substantiated. The most common types of substantiated child maltreatment were caregiver capacity 29% (n=481), emotional abuse 19% (n=321), PA 18% (n=304), neglect 16% (n=259), SA 14% (n=227), sexual assault with CYP concerns 2% (n=36), and abandonment 2% (n=30). For PA, soft tissue injuries (e.g., bruising) and fractures were the most common injuries seen in medical evaluations for maltreatment. The most frequently ordered tests are skeletal survey, coagulation screening blood work, and CT head. In SA, most cases of substantiated sexual abuse cases were intra-familial (75%). Most physical examinations in SA cases were normal (83%). Forty one percent (1100/2651) of cases were alerted in the medical record for child protection purposes. Conclusion Our findings expand our knowledge of the different types of child maltreatment by linking child welfare and medical assessment information. In cases identified and/or assessed by hospital staff for child maltreatment, 54% were substantiated by child welfare and 41% were “alerted” in the electronic medical record (EMR). The most common type of child maltreatment was “concern for caregiver capacity” which highlights the need for parental education and supports.
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Burke, Susan. "SUPPORTING INDIGENOUS SOCIAL WORKERS IN FRONT-LINE PRACTICE." Canadian Social Work Review 35, no. 1 (September 4, 2018): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051100ar.
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Indigenous peoples have been reclaiming jurisdiction over their child welfare services and Western society has been increasingly acknowledging that Indigenous peoples are in the best position to provide these services. While the number of Indigenous social workers has historically been low, especially when compared to the population they serve, their numbers seem to be on the rise. In spite of that reality, most social service organizations continue to operate from a Western perspective, with little attention paid to the ways in which they must change in order to provide space for the Indigenous social workers they employ. This study explores the experiences of nine First Nations and Métis social workers in British Columbia (BC). The researcher, a Métis scholar and former child welfare social worker, conducted data collection and analysis through a Métissage framework, using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed nine themes, including the need for (1) Knowledgeable leadership that supports autonomy; (2) Flexibility in practice; (3) Policy that fits both Indigenous and Western paradigms; (4) Relationships with other supportive social workers; (5) Support to navigate overlap between the personal and the professional; (6) Set standards/experienced co-workers; (7) Equitable workplace resources; (8) Respect regarding Indigenous identity, and; (9) Supports to maintain wellness. Recommendations suggest how this information can be used by organizations to better support the Indigenous social workers they employ.
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Panngam, Nittaya, and Khanitta Nuntaboot. "Mothers and Children Right and Need for Essential Services Accessibility in Communities." Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science 2, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 8–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v2i1.3976.
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Community play important role to enhance the accessibility to essential rights and services of mothers and children in community. This study utilizes the rapid ethnographic community assessment process (RECAP) to explore community potential for managing accessibility to rights and services of mothers and children in communities. The study was conducted in 8 sub-districts of 8 provinces in 4 regions nationwide. There are 146 informants recruited from purposive sampling include family members, community leaders, local leaders, health care providers, and social groups. Data were collected by the participated observation, in-depth interview, focus group discussion, as well as consultation using interview and focus group guidelines. Data were analyzed using content analysis and thematic analysis. The results reveal two parts include 1) sociocultural context of mothers and children which demonstrate need and way of life of pregnant women and child rearing; and 2) community managing to enhance essential right and service accessibility of mothers and children includes (1) managing fundamental right and services; (2) health services; (3) social welfare and community funds; (4) development safe and learning-enhanced environment; (5) educational services; (6) managing sources of information; and (7) caring based on cultural and traditional way. Based on this findings, national policy makers and relevant stakeholders could be utilizing for improvement prospective development and national policy to reinforce and strengthen community organizations contributing to health development of mothers and children. Keywords: Rapid Ethnographic Community Assessment Process, Maternal Rights, Child Rights, Services for Mother and Child, Service Accessibility, Community Management
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Hay, D. A., C. Gleeson, C. Davies, B. Lorden, D. Mitchell, and L. Paton. "What Information Should the Multiple Birth Family Receive Before, During and After the Birth?" Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 39, no. 2 (April 1990): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000005481.
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AbstractAdvances in the management of the multiple pregnancy and delivery must be accompanied by corresponding improvements in service access outside key centres and especially in the information families receive about what may happen during or after the pregnancy. A major review of birthing services in Victoria has focussed attention on four areas where the quality of information is often inadequate. 1) Prepregnancy and the standard of counselling about the incidence of multiples as a result of fertility drugs and in vitro fertilization procedures and about problems which may accompany a multiple birth. 2) Antenatal: At what stage of the pregnancy should parents be told of the multiple pregnancy and how should monitoring of the mother and procedures such as bedrest take into account what are often conflicting demands within the family? 3) Perinatal: Families are frequently illprepared for a cesarean delivery and for the procedures for premature multiples. The problem is often compounded by separation of the mother from one or both twins. While bereavement services are improving, much still needs to be learned about handling congenital abnormalities in one or more multiples. 4) Postnatal: Irrespective of the level of prenatal advice, families greatly underestimate the workload with multiples. The resulting stress contributes to the incidence of postnatal depression, child abuse and divorce now being reported from multiple birth families. Some suggestions are made from social psychology and genetic counselling about how families can best handle risk information to achieve the goal of neither under- nor overestimating the risks at these different stages of the multiple pregnancy.
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Størksen, Hege Therese, Silje Marie Haga, Kari Slinning, and Filip Drozd. "Health Personnel’s Perceived Usefulness of Internet-Based Interventions for Parents of Children Younger Than 5 Years: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study." JMIR Mental Health 7, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): e15149. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15149.
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Background Approximately 10%-15% of children struggle with different socioemotional and psychological difficulties in infancy and early childhood. Thus, health service providers should have access to mental health interventions that can reach more parents than traditional face-to-face interventions. However, despite increasing evidence on the efficacy of internet-based mental health interventions, the pace in transferring such interventions to health care has been slow. One of the major suggested barriers to this may be the health personnel’s attitudes to perceived usefulness of internet-based interventions. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine health professionals’ perceived usefulness of internet-based mental health interventions and to identify the key areas that they consider new internet-based services to be useful. Methods Between May and September 2018, 2884 leaders and practitioners of infant and child health services were recruited to a cross-sectional web-based survey through the following channels: (1) existing email addresses from the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, course database, (2) an official mailing list to infant and child health services, (3) social media, or (4) other recruitment channels. Respondents filled in background information and were asked to rate the usefulness of internet-based interventions for 12 different infant and child mental health problem areas based on the broad categories from the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood (DC:0-5). Perceived usefulness was assessed with 1 global item: “How often do you think internet-based self-help programs can be useful for following infant and child mental health problems in your line of work?” The answers were scored on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (never) to 3 (often). Results The participants reported that they sometimes or often perceived internet-based interventions as useful for different infant and child mental health problems (scale of 0-3, all means>1.61). Usefulness of internet-based interventions was rated acceptable for sleep problems (mean 2.22), anxiety (mean 2.09), and social withdrawal and shyness (mean 2.07), whereas internet-based interventions were rated as less useful for psychiatric problems such as obsessive behaviors (mean 1.89), developmental disorders (mean 1.91), or trauma (mean 1.61). Further, there were a few but small differences in perceived usefulness between service leaders and practitioners (all effect sizes<0.32, all P<.02) and small-to-moderate differences among daycare centers, well-baby clinics, municipal child welfare services, and child and adolescent mental health clinics (all effect sizes<0.69, all P<.006). Conclusions Internet-based interventions for different infant and child mental health problems within services such as daycare centers, well-baby clinics, municipal child welfare services, and child and adolescent mental health clinics are sometimes or often perceived as useful. These encouraging findings can support the continued exploration of internet-based mental health interventions as a way to improve parental support.
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Dahlberg, Hanna, Evelyn Khoo, and Viktoria Skoog. "Making Sense of Mandatory Reporting: A Qualitative Study of Reporting Practices from the Perspectives of Schools and Child Welfare Services in Sweden." Social Sciences 11, no. 7 (June 24, 2022): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070273.
Full textAbstract:
Schools play an important role in ensuring the well-being of children, although the process of mandatory reporting of concern for children is not widely understood. This qualitative focus group study investigated the process from the perspectives of school and child welfare service professionals. Using theories of human service organizations and professional discretion, we analyzed viewpoints on an individual duty being handled by an organization. We investigated the expectations that a report be simultaneously simple and value-free, while providing depth and clear examples of concerns. Finally, we investigated the views of the supportive and protective functions supposedly underlying the duty to report. The results indicated problems associated with a collective reporting process. Ambiguity in how information in a report is communicated may also contribute to a more problematic reporting process from schools and then in interpretations and the follow up reports made by social workers.
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Thornton, Katherine, Susan Webster, and Meredith Temple-Smith. "Is immunisation for children and young people in statutory care in Victoria 'all too hard'? A qualitative study with health professionals." Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no. 2 (2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18096.
Full textAbstract:
This formative study aimed to identify health professionals’ perspectives on vaccination issues among children in statutory out-of-home care in Victoria. Eight health professionals, drawn from a purposive Victorian sample known to be proactive in addressing the vaccination needs of children in out-of-home care, took part in semi-structured interviews. Questions addressed participants’ views about roles and responsibilities, barriers and enabling factors affecting vaccination, and ideas about systems improvements. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically. The main themes that emerged were health professionals’ observations about vaccine hesitancy among significant adults in the out-of-home care sector, the paucity of child medical history information available and diffuse responsibility for the provision of legal consent to vaccination. More accurate immunisation status monitoring appears warranted for children in out-of-home care. Unless the collection and maintenance of child medical records improves and vaccination consent processes are streamlined, health professionals will be limited in their capacity to provide efficient vaccination services to these children. Research on vaccine hesitancy among staff and carers in the statutory care sector may be of value. This study supports other Australian research that indicates these children may require more targeted, inter-sectoral immunisation approaches.