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Journal articles on the topic 'Child sexual abuse allegations'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

O'Donohue, William, Lorraine T. Benuto, and Olga Cirlugea. "Analyzing Child Sexual Abuse Allegations." Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice 13, no. 4 (July 2013): 296–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2013.822245.

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2

Freeman, John. "Sexual abuse: tackling allegations." Children and Young People Now 2014, no. 18 (September 2, 2014): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2014.18.10.

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3

Berkowitz, Carol D. "Child Sexual Abuse." Pediatrics In Review 13, no. 12 (December 1, 1992): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.13.12.443.

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Child sexual abuse has been recognized with increasing frequency since the early 1980s, a trend attributable to a number of factors. Increased public awareness has led to programs, particularly in schools, facilitating disclosure by children about abuse. Likewise, parents are more likely now than previously to believe allegations children make about being abused by trusted extrafamilial friends and advisors. Additionally, the medical community is more knowledgeable about both the behaviors that may indicate abuse and the possible physical changes in the anogenital area of sexually abused children. Definition Child sexual abuse is the involvement of children and adolescents in sexual activity that they do not understand and to which they cannot give consent by virtue of their developmental level. There is chronological and developmental asymmetry between the individuals, and the activity is for the sexual gratification of the older individual. Incest involves sexual activities between individuals in whom such activity is prohibited by virtue of societal taboos. These restrictions involve individuals related by blood or by marriage. Sometimes physical abuse may result in injuries in the genital area. Such injuries are not sexual in intent. Epidemiology More than 2 million cases of child abuse are reported annually. Approximately 40% of these cases involve sexual abuse.

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4

Mantell, David M. "Clarifying erroneous child sexual abuse allegations." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 58, no. 4 (1988): 618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1988.tb01627.x.

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5

Paradise, Jan E., Anthony L. Rostain, and Madelaine Nathanson. "Substantiation of Sexual Abuse Charges When Parents Dispute Custody or Visitation." Pediatrics 81, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.81.6.835.

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Recent news reports have implied that charges of sexual child abuse during parental separation or divorce are often deliberately falsified. Such a conclusion could be harmful if it biased practitioners faced with such allegations in clinical practice. To investigate this concern, sexual abuse cases in a hospital-based consecutive series and in one author's clinical practice were reviewed. Abuse allegations with and without a concomitant custody or visitation dispute were compared. A custody or visitation dispute occurred in 12 (39%) of 31 sexual abuse complaints lodged against a parent. Allegedly abused children whose parents contested custody or visitation were significantly younger than those for whom custody or visitation was not an issue (5.4 v 7.8 years, P = .02). Sexual abuse allegations were substantiated less frequently when there was concomitant parental conflict (67% v 95%, nonsignificant) but were nevertheless substantiated more than half of the time.

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6

O’Donohue, William, Lorraine T. Benuto, and Olga Cirlugea. "Analyzing Child Sexual Abuse Allegations: Further Considerations." Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice 14, no. 3 (May 27, 2014): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.918476.

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7

Elterman, Michael F., and Marion F. Ehrenberg. "Sexual abuse allegations in child custody disputes." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 14, no. 3 (January 1991): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-2527(91)90008-b.

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8

Awad, George A. "The Assessment of Custody and Access Disputes in Cases of Sexual Abuse Allegations*." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 7 (October 1987): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200707.

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Sexual abuse allegations directed at one parent can arise in the context of custody and access disputes. The role of the clinician, when such allegations occur, is to provide an assessment of the total situation, taking the allegations into account. To assess the probability that sexual abuse has occurred involves a thorough assessment of the accuser, the accused, the accusation, the child, and different family subsystems. Particular attention should be paid to interviewing the young child with detailed focus on the interviewing process, how the interviews are reported and what conclusions may be drawn from them. Following a thorough assessment, the clinician may reach one of three conclusions: that the sexual abuse has probably occurred, has probably not occurred, or is unsure. A strong caution is given against becoming entangled in an endless process of trying to find out whether the allegations are true or false. Whatever conclusions are reached are but one factor in the recommendation regarding custody and/or access. Ultimately the recommendation will be made according to the best interests of the child, taking into account the child's relationships and attachments, as well as the sexual abuse allegations.

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9

Susan Penfold, P. "Mendacious Moms or Devious Dads? Some Perplexing Issues in Child Custody/Sexual Abuse Allegation Disputes." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 6 (August 1995): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000610.

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Objective To explore relevant literature about sexual abuse allegations arising in child custody disputes. Method A literature review of false allegations is given and the contribution of gender bias to this issue is discussed. The role a child psychiatrist may play in such cases is outlined. Results Contrary to much popular and professional opinion, sexual abuse allegations are found in only 2% of child custody disputes, and, of these, 8% to 16.5% are false. While false allegations arise for a variety of reasons, the word “false” can imply both erroneous and deceitful activities. This ambiguity, along with gender bias, may lead to disbelief of, and blame towards, parents who report sexual abuse in the context of a dispute about custody or access. Conclusion The child psychiatrist who testifies in such custody disputes should have caution, humility, and an open mind both in the courtroom and in dealing with other professionals working in this area.

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10

O’Donohue, William T., Ann N. Elliott, Mona Nickerson, and Susan Valentine. "Perceived Credibility of Children’s Sexual Abuse Allegations: Effects of Gender and Sexual Attitudes." Violence and Victims 7, no. 2 (January 1992): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.7.2.147.

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We investigated whether sex role stereotyping, adversarial sexual beliefs, acceptance of interpersonal violence, sex of the subject, characteristics of the child (age, sex), and characteristics of the alleged perpetrator (stranger, father) affect judgments of the credibility of children’s reports that they have been sexually abused. Two hundred and fifty-five college students in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement were given the Burt (1980) scales and asked to read a short vignette in which a child alleged that he/she was sexually abused and the accused male denied the abuse. Although the vast majority of subjects indicated that they believed the child was telling the truth, females rated the child’s credibility significantly higher than males F(l, 253) = 6.29, p = .01226. No other significant relationships were found. The results imply that the vast majority of individuals in a college sample tended to believe children’s sexual abuse allegations and that this credibility assessment is not influenced by characteristics of the child or perpetrator examined in this study. Implications of the truncated range of the dependent variable and of the Burt scales are discussed.

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11

Kilic, Serbulent, and Ayse Vural. "Delusional Disorder and False Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse: A Case Report." Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences and Forensic Medicine 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/boxu6438.

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Child sexual abuse is a public health problem worldwide. When a court carries out an investigation into cases of sexual abuse, they are likely to ask for a genital examination report from a forensic pathologist indicating whether they believe sexual abuse contact has occurred. Any suspicion about the sexual abuse of a child should be evaluated prudently. Nevertheless, the investigation of sexual abuse is sometimes undertaken according to misguided or unnecessary complaints from concerned parents suffering from mental illness.

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12

Baker, Justice Eric. "ASSESSING AND MANAGING ALLEGATIONS OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE." Family Court Review 35, no. 3 (March 15, 2005): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.174-1617.1997.tb00471.x.

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13

Toolan, James M. "True and False Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse." American Journal of Psychotherapy 50, no. 1 (January 1996): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1996.50.1.127.

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14

Hall, Kathryn. "Book Review: Assessing Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 26, no. 4 (December 1998): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318539802600408.

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15

Mareth, Thomas R., and Kamal K. Raisani. "Psychiatric Investigation of Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse." Military Medicine 159, no. 7 (July 1, 1994): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/159.7.487.

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16

Rapholo, Selelo Frank, and Jabulani Calvin Makhubele. "Forensic Interviewing Techniques in Child Sexual Abuse Allegations: Implications for the South African Context." Global Journal of Health Science 11, no. 6 (April 28, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n6p53.

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This paper aims to examine forensic interviewing techniques during child sexual abuse allegations using South African lenses. Forensic Social Work education and practice in South Africa is emerging as it has been adopted from the United States of America.  There are currently no guidelines for forensic social workers to inform the assessment of children who are alleged to be sexually abused which are in a South African context. For the protection of children, skillful forensic interviews must be conducted for perpetrators of child sexual abuse to be convicted. Forensic interviews help in eliciting accurate and complete report from the alleged child victim to determine if the child has been sexually abused and if so, by whom. The ecosystems theory is used to guide this paper. An extensive literature review was conducted to zoom into systems in South Africa which influence the effectiveness of the forensic interviewing techniques useful to facilitate the disclosure of sexual abuse amongst children.

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17

Mercado, Cynthia Calkins, Jennifer A. Tallon, and Karen J. Terry. "Persistent Sexual Abusers in the Catholic Church." Criminal Justice and Behavior 35, no. 5 (May 2008): 629–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854808314389.

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This study aims to enhance understanding of clergy offending patterns through a comparison of low-rate and high-rate clergy offenders. Data for these re-analyses are derived from 3,674 cases from the Nature and Scope of Child Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church. This article compares those clerics who had just one allegation with those who had a moderate (2 to 3), high (4 to 9), or exceptionally high (10-plus) number of allegations of sexual abuse. Findings reveal that the 3.7% ( n =137) who had 10 or more victims accounted for a disproportionate 24.8% of the abuse. Priests with the most victims began perpetrating offenses at an earlier age and were more likely to have male victims than those who abused fewer victims. The importance of research addressing the causes and situational correlates of sexual offending by priests, as well as the need for more refined management strategies, are discussed.

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18

O'Donohue, William, and Elizabeth O'Hare. "The credibility of sexual abuse allegations: Child sexual abuse, adult rape, and sexual harassment." Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 19, no. 4 (December 1997): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02229021.

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19

Haskett, Mary E., Kathleen Wayland, James S. Hutcheson, and Tiersa Tavana. "Substantiation of Sexual Abuse Allegations." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 4, no. 2 (September 1995): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j070v04n02_02.

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20

Paradise, Jan E., Anthony L. Rostain, and Madelaine Nathanson. "Letter to the Editor." Pediatrics 86, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.3.489.

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We appreciate Dr Fay's interest in our report. However, our data do not support his assertion that "incorrect" allegations of sexual abuse when parents dispute child custody or visitation are "exceedingly common." The outcome measure we assessed was not truth but rather substantiation of cases by a child protection agency. Other observers have found higher rates than we did of "fictitious" sexual abuse allegations; but, as we noted in our discussion, bias in their selection of cases limits the generalizability of their findings.

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21

Rumney, Philip NS, and Kieran F. McCartan. "Purported False Allegations of Rape, Child Abuse and Non-Sexual Violence." Journal of Criminal Law 81, no. 6 (December 2017): 497–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018317746789.

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The subject of false rape allegations is shrouded in anxiety, confusion and misunderstanding. Despite a growing body of quality research, there continue to be significant gaps in our knowledge about the topic, including the phenomenon of false allegations beyond rape and other sexual offences. The purpose of this article is to seek to deepen our understanding by examining a unique data set comprising 701 cases involving individuals who purport to have been the subject of false accusations of rape, child sexual abuse, child abuse/neglect and other forms of wrongdoing. This article aims to provide an insight into the nature and characteristics of these allegations and explore the implications of the data for several research and policy questions. It will also critically examine some of the current literature and scholarly claims in this area, particularly around the prevalence of false allegations and critique claims that discussion of this topic is dangerous and best avoided. Finally, the article sets out a future research agenda in which the complex issues raised by false allegations can be carefully considered, and the scale, impact and pathways to accusation can be better understood.

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22

CHEUNG, MONIT. "CRITICAL ISSUES IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE ALLEGATION INVESTIGATIONS." Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 35, no. 01n02 (January 2001): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246201000031.

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During the past ten years, research in the area of investigative interviews of child sexual abuse has focused on the child victim. Current literature in this area can be grouped into eight interrelated categories: (1) the developmental aspects of memory recall, (2) understanding children's language, (3) avoidance of repeated questioning, (4) validation and children's credibility, (5) false allegations, (6) videotaping interviews, (7) using anatomical dolls, and (8) interviewing techniques. A growing concern is the use of developmentally appropriate techniques to avoid false allegations. A dual-focus approach in conducting an investigative interview and 12 guiding principles are recommended for improving social workers' knowledge, skills and attitude.

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23

Byrne, Peter, and Noel Sheppard. "Allegations of child sexual abuse: delayed reporting and false memory." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 12, no. 3 (September 1995): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700014531.

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AbstractEleven case histories, including diagnoses and outcome, are presented of patients who made, or were the subject of, allegations of sexual abuse, but where these allegations were subsequently withdrawn or disproved. How such situations come about is discussed, with special reference to the false memory syndrome, a term made popular by recent media coverage. Given the complexity of this ‘syndrome’, an argument is put forward that diagnostic guidelines be established so that direct studies of its natural history and treatments may be undertaken.

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24

Lyon, Thomas D. "False allegations and false denials in child sexual abuse." Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 1, no. 2 (June 1995): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.1.2.429.

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25

McGraw, J. Melbourne, and Holly A. Smith. "Child Sexual Abuse Allegations Amidst Divorce and Custody Proceedings." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 1, no. 1 (August 12, 1992): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j070v01n01_04.

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26

Bow, James N., Francella A. Quinnell, Mark Zaroff, and Amy Assemany. "Assessment of sexual abuse allegations in child custody cases." Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 33, no. 6 (2002): 566–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.33.6.566.

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27

LINDBLAD, FRANK. "Child Sexual Abuse: Evaluation of Allegations—A Hermeneutical Approach." Acta Paediatrica 78, s358 (September 1989): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11272.x.

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28

Faller, Kathleen Coulborn. "Possible explanations for child sexual abuse allegations in divorce." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 61, no. 1 (1991): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079227.

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29

Deblinger, Esther, Julie Lippmann, Lori Stauffer, and Martin Finkel. "Personal versus professional responses to child sexual abuse allegations." Child Abuse & Neglect 18, no. 8 (August 1994): 679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(94)90017-5.

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30

Schetky, Diane H. "FALSE ALLEGATIONS AND FAULTY ASSESSMENT OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE." Pediatric Emergency Care 5, no. 4 (December 1989): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-198912000-00086.

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31

MALLOY, LINDSAY C., THOMAS D. LYON, and JODI A. QUAS. "Filial Dependency and Recantation of Child Sexual Abuse Allegations." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 46, no. 2 (February 2007): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000246067.77953.f7.

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32

Sarles, R. M. "Filial Dependency and Recantation of Child Sexual Abuse Allegations." Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health 2008 (January 2008): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0084-3970(08)70635-2.

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33

Jackson, Helene, and Ronald Nuttall. "Clinician responses to sexual abuse allegations." Child Abuse & Neglect 17, no. 1 (January 1993): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(93)90013-u.

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34

Kuehnle, Kathryn, and H. D. Kirkpatrick. "Evaluating Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse Within Complex Child Custody Cases." Journal of Child Custody 2, no. 3 (October 25, 2005): 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j190v02n03_02.

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35

Faller, Kathleen Coulborn, and Ellen DeVoe. "Allegations of Sexual Abuse in Divorce." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 4, no. 4 (January 1, 1996): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j070v04n04_01.

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36

Kurz, R. "From Hampstead to Norwich: Ritual violence or coaching?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.273.

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IntroductionVideo-recorded disclosures of two siblings emerged describing ritual violence activities in a Hampstead “cult” including human sacrifice murder. The UK court processes judged that the mother “coached” the children to make false allegations. In parallel, Marie Black, Jason Adams and Michael Roger were found guilty of child sexual abuse purely based on historical accounts of five children.ObjectivesThe presentation outlines two cases that illustrate the “unbelievable” nature of organized child abuse and what aspects make court rulings “unsafe”.AimsThe presentation aims to compare the Hampstead where the videos were watched by 4 million individuals world-wide with the little that is known about the “Norwich Three” case due to court reporting restrictions.MethodsMaterials posted on websites, books and videos were reviewed alongside discussions with whistle-blowers, relatives and friends of people involved.ResultsThe disclosures in the Hampstead case were very extreme but similar accounts can be found in books by Sara Scott (UK) and De Camp (US). Those accused of sexual abuse claim that the children have been coached by their mother to make these allegations–the view that the judge adopted. In the Norfolk case, 7 of the 10 defendants were cleared of child sexual abuse allegations but three individuals were found guilty. It remains unclear what the basis was for the conviction as the disclosures could have been classed as the result of “coaching”.ConclusionsAnyone operating in forensic settings should familiarise themselves with the “hall of mirrors” that cases involving child sexual abuse routinely constitute.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

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37

Tadei, Alessandro, Johan Pensar, Jukka Corander, Katarina Finnilä, Pekka Santtila, and Jan Antfolk. "A Bayesian Decision-Support Tool for Child Sexual Abuse Assessment and Investigation." Sexual Abuse 31, no. 4 (September 21, 2017): 374–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063217732791.

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In assessments of child sexual abuse (CSA) allegations, informative background information is often overlooked or not used properly. We therefore created and tested an instrument that uses accessible background information to calculate the probability of a child being a CSA victim that can be used as a starting point in the following investigation. Studying 903 demographic and socioeconomic variables from over 11,000 Finnish children, we identified 42 features related to CSA. Using Bayesian logic to calculate the probability of abuse, our instrument—the Finnish Investigative Instrument of Child Sexual Abuse (FICSA)—has two separate profiles for boys and girls. A cross-validation procedure suggested excellent diagnostic utility (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.97 for boys and AUC = 0.88 for girls). We conclude that the presented method can be useful in forensic assessments of CSA allegations by adding a reliable statistical approach to considering background information, and to support clinical decision making and guide investigative efforts.

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38

Freyd, Pamela, and Roger Scotford. "Allegations of child sexual abuse: delayed reporting and false memory." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 12, no. 4 (December 1995): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700014324.

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39

Byrne, Peter, and Noel Sheppard. "Allegations of child sexual abuse: delayed reporting and false memory." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 12, no. 4 (December 1995): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700014336.

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40

Anson, David A., Stephen L. Golding, and Kevin J. Gully. "Child sexual abuse allegations: Reliability of criteria-based content analysis." Law and Human Behavior 17, no. 3 (1993): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01044512.

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41

Robbins, Susan P. "Child Sex Abuse and Recovered Memories of Abuse: Looking Back, Looking Ahead." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 100, no. 4 (October 2019): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389419879590.

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Sexual abuse of children has garnered a substantial amount of empirical research, state and federal legislation, and media coverage in the past several decades. This article briefly examines the history of child maltreatment and child sexual abuse (CSA) and societal responses to it. A review of selected articles on CSA that were published since the inception of Families in Society reveals how our knowledge of and ideas about sexual abuse, the perpetrators, responses to abuse allegations, and the Freudian concept of repression have changed over time. The phenomenon of repressed and recovered memories of abuse is also discussed, including the articles that were published in the journal. Despite continued disagreement in the field between researchers and clinicians, a summary is provided detailing points of consensus related to CSA and recovered memories.

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42

Bates, Frank. "Evidence and Child Sexual Abuse - Obfuscation or illumination?" Children Australia 18, no. 3 (1993): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003503.

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In an earlier article in this journal (Bates, 1992), I suggested that, ‘Legislation and traditional legal principle seems to have been used to obfuscate, rather than enhance, the fact finding process.’ The cases discussed in that article (Minister of Community Welfare v B.Y. and L.F. (1988) F.L.C. 91-973; In the Marriage of Y and F (1990) F.L.C. 92-141; In the Marriage of D and B (1991) F.L.C. 92-226) documented that administrative processes were far from satisfactory in the way in which they dealt with allegations of child sexual abuse and so, perhaps, was the way in which the courts viewed expert evidence. Unfortunately, the process does seem to be continuing and must, therefore, be appropriately documented.

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43

Blake, Garth. "The Anglican Diocese of Grafton's Response to Child Sexual Abuse at the North Coast Children's Home." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 18, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x16000090.

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In January 2013 the Australian Government established the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. The terms of reference require the Royal Commission to inquire as what should be done to eliminate or reduce impediments that currently exist for responding appropriately to child sexual abuse and related matters in institutional contexts, including addressing failures in, and impediments to, reporting, investigating and responding to allegations and incidents of abuse. Further, the Commission is directed to focus on systemic issues and to be informed by an understanding of individual cases. In November 2013 the Royal Commission held a public hearing into the Anglican Diocese of Grafton's response to child sexual abuse at the North Coast Children's Home and in October 2014 published its Report.

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44

Sabatello, Ugo, and Renzo Di Cori. "Note a margine delle denunce a reticolo." MALTRATTAMENTO E ABUSO ALL'INFANZIA, no. 3 (September 2009): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mal2009-003009.

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- This article aims to analyse the specific characteristics of latticed allegations. This particular sort of allegation, which often involves large numbers of children from a small, restricted community have a number of characteristics which are to be found time and time again and which can render the evaluations of an expert witness extremely complex. Phenomena of mass suggestion and amplification of the episode can, on the one hand, lead to the creation of facts which have never happened but also, on the other, sometimes to the concealment of a very real form of abuse. The authors, after making an exhaustive study of the specific nature of the problems involved, propose a form of detailed investigation which takes into account the particular nature of this type of allegation as well as the cognitive and psychological characteristics of the child. The aim is to help the methodology of the expert witness to acquire a greater epistemological coherence and to guarantee a greater respect for the scientific rules which should form the basis for any medico-legal investigation.Key words: latticed allegations, methodology of expert witness, children's competence, child sexual abuse.Parole chiave: denunce a reticolo, metodologia dell'indagine peritale, competenza del bambino, abuso sessuale infantile.

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45

Faller, Kathleen Coulborn. "POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS FOR SEXUAL ABUSE ALLEGATIONS IN DIVORCE." Pediatric Emergency Care 7, no. 5 (October 1991): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199110000-00049.

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46

Charlene Lubaale, Emma. "Taking the incidence of false child sexual abuse allegations more seriously." De Jure 49, no. 1 (2016): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2225-7160/2016/v49n1a5.

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47

Levine, Murray, Howard J. Doueck, Jennifer B. Freeman, and Cheryl Compaan. "Rush to judgment?: Child protective services and allegations of sexual abuse." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 68, no. 1 (1998): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0080274.

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48

GREEN, ARTHUR H. "True and False Allegations of Sexual Abuse in Child Custody Disputes." Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 25, no. 4 (July 1986): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-7138(10)60001-5.

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Heiman, Marsha L. "Annotation: Putting the Puzzle Together: Validating Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 33, no. 2 (February 1992): 311–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00869.x.

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Mart, Eric G. "Common Errors in the Assessment of Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 38, no. 3 (September 2010): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318531003800306.

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