Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Child mental health – Ontario'
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Czincz, Jennifer M. "Examining How the Mental Health Needs of Children Who Have Experienced Maltreatment Are Identified and Addressed In Ontario: A Focus on Childhood Sexual Abuse." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20026.
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This two-study dissertation aimed to develop a comprehensive understanding of mental health need identification, service referral process, availability of services, and type of mental health services in Ontario for children who have experienced maltreatment with a specific focus on childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The first study was descriptive and involved an email questionnaire completed by Directors of Service in each of the 53 Ontario Children’s Aid Societies (CAS). While the primary purpose of study 1 was to inform the sample for study 2, it also provided information about the identification of mental health needs and the referral process to mental health services for children who have experienced maltreatment. Based on the finding that the majority of mental health service referrals are made to community-based psychologists (80%), study 2 was designed to assess the availability, type, and empirical support of treatments provided by Ontario psychologists and psychological associates to children who have experienced CSA. Through the first provincial census of child and adolescent psychology clinicians registered with the College of Psychologists of Ontario, this study addressed the following questions: (1) What are the demographic, work setting, and treatment provision characteristics of these clinicians? (2) Within this population, what is the proportion and distribution of clinicians who provide treatment to children who have experienced CSA?; (3) To what extent do these treatment services map onto empirically-supported treatments (ESTs) for children who have experienced CSA?; and (4) How do clinicians’ demographic, work setting, treatment provision characteristics, and attitudes toward ESTs predict their approach to intervention? Results indicated that clinicians who worked with children who have experienced CSA differed significantly from other clinicians in terms of age, work setting, self-reported theoretical orientation, and clients’ primary presenting problems. Moreover, clinician age, self-reported theoretical orientation, time devoted to clinical training activities, and general attitudes toward ESTs predicted the use of ESTs among clinicians who work with children who have experienced CSA. Limitations and implications for future research are addressed within each study.
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Moser, Michele R., T. Clark, and Andres Pumariega. "Mental Health Disparities in Child Welfare." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4973.
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Sears, Alan Carleton University Dissertation Anthropology. "Mental health, the state and labour-power; deinstitutionalization in Ontario 1959-1965." Ottawa, 1985.
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Ohaeri, Frances Ahunna. "Parental satisfaction with child mental health services." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3343.
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The purpose of this study was to identify to what degree specific factors influence the level of satisfaction experienced by foster parents whose foster children are recieving mental health services from agencies that they have been referred to by a Coming of Age Foster Family Agency.
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Thibault, Kathleen. "Smoke and mirrors : reflections of policy and practice for those with a mental illness and who are in conflict with the law." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84095.
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This study examined the use of language in the development and implementation of mental health policy. It focused on the current discourse of mental health reform in Ontario as it related to individuals with a mental illness and who are in conflict with the law. Using a qualitative design, informed by critical inquiry and a postmodern perspective, the researcher explored administrative perceptions of the accomplishments and challenges faced at different levels of the mental health and criminal justices systems in Ontario. The participants' understandings of the provincial mental health reform policy, Making it Happen, and the extent they felt that their organizations and related policies were able to create positive change in the lives of service users were also examined. While the language of mental health policy encompasses an empowerment, community integration approach to providing services, findings indicated that a biomedical-model, public safety discourse appear to inform both policy and practice. A number of questions and apparent inconsistencies in the manner in which the mental health and criminal justice systems deal with the needs of this population were also identified. This thesis concludes with recommendations for future research.
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Morelen, Diana M. "Infant Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2728.
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Locas, Lorraine. "Problèmes soulevés par le VIHSIDA en santé mentale au Québéc et en Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61181.
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HIV attacks the health of infected persons. Some of them will develop psychiatric illnesses.The first chapter examines two of the many possible consequences on mental health. First, an increased incidence of suicide on the part of infected persons and second, the influence of HIV/AIDS on their decisions concerning treatment, in particular when they are terminally ill.
Some mentally ill persons with HIV/AIDS will be involuntarily hospitalized. The second chapter compares the mental health law of Quebec and Ontario governing involuntary hospitalization.
The third chapter examines consent to or refusal of treatment by mentally ill persons with HIV/AIDS in particular with respect to their competence. It explores the law governing substitute decision-making for incompetent persons.
The last chapter considers what protections of the rights of mentally ill people with HIV/AIDS are provided under Quebec and Ontario human rights codes and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
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Jefferies, Natalie. "Young people moving on from child and adolescent mental health services to adult mental health services." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3715/.
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There is a sound evidence base on the effects of the therapeutic alliance on outcome in psychotherapy for adults. In comparison, there is a smaller amount of literature on the effects of the therapeutic alliance on outcomes for adolescents. Adolescents rarely are seen individually for therapy and instead are often seen by family therapists as part of a system with other members of the family. At present, it is uncertain what the effects of the therapeutic alliance on outcome for adolescents in family therapy are. This paper presents a systematic review that aims to investigate the effects of the therapeutic alliance on outcome in adolescents in family therapy and what factors influence the therapeutic alliance with adolescents in family therapy. A systematic review of electronic databases was carried out using a quality assurance checklist adapted from the American Academy of Neurology Clinical Practice Guidelines (2004). This checklist was used as it assessed aspects of the studies’ theoretical basis, design, measures, analysis and results. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The findings of this review suggest that the therapeutic alliance affects outcome for adolescents in family therapy. The presence of identifiable features of the therapeutic alliance, such as task, goal and bond can strengthen the therapeutic alliance with adolescents. Research into this area is still in its preliminary stages. However, important factors have been identified that affect outcome. Further research is necessary before more substantial claims of the therapeutic alliance on outcome can be made. The limitations of this review are presented, followed by clinical, training and supervision implications and suggestions for future research.
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Kakuma, Ritsuko. "Utilization of health services for depression and anxiety in Ontario: an eleven-year comparison of determinants." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19260.
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Introduction: The prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders is continuing to increase. Yet, over two thirds of people with mental disorders do not seek treatment. Various changes in the provision of mental health services in Ontario and the population profile makes assessment of the corresponding changes in the pattern and determinants of mental health service utilization timely. Objective: To examine and compare, between 1991 and 2002 in Ontario, the rate, patterns, and predictors of health services utilization between individuals with depression, anxiety, or comorbid depression and anxiety disorders. Individuals in these three mutually exclusive groups were examined to determine how the results compare between these three disorder types over an 11 year period. Methods: This thesis is based on data from two independent cross-sectional population health surveys: the Mental Health Supplement (1990/91) to the Ontario Health Survey (1990) and the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 1.2 Mental Health and Well-being (2002; Ontario subset). Results: The rate of service utilization during the preceding 12 months has increased from 32% in 1991 to 41% in 2002, with a greatest increase seen among individuals with anxiety (17% in 1991 vs. 28% in 2002). Multivariate regression modeling showed changes in the predictors of service utilization between 1991 and 2002. The use of antidepressants and anxiety-reducing medications increased from 2.2% to 7.7%, with the largest increase seen among respondents with anxiety (7% to 25%). The three most commonly sought service providers in both 1991 and 2002 were family physicians, psychiatrists, and social workers: 60%, 26%, and 23%, respectively in 1991 and 73%, 40%, and 30%, respectively in 2002. NIntroduction: La prévalence des troubles d'humeur et d'anxiété continue d'augmenter. Pourtant, plus que deux-tiers des individus avec des troubles mentaux ne cherchent pas des traitements. Divers changements dans l'offre des services de santé mentale dans l'Ontario et dans les profiles de la population rendre l'évaluation des changements correspondant aux modèles and déterminants d'utilisation de service santé mentale opportun. Objectif : Examiner et comparer, entre 1991 et 2002 en Ontario, les taux, profiles, et facteurs prédictifs d'utilisation de services de santé entre les individus avec dépression, anxiété, ou troubles comorbides de dépression et d'anxiété. Les individus de ces trois groupes exclusifs ont été examiné afin de déterminer comment les résultats se comparent entre ces trois catégories de troubles sur la période de 10 ans. Méthodes: Cette thèse est basée sur des données de deux enquêtes indépendantes de santé populationnelle : le Supplément de santé mentale (1990/91) à l'enquête sur la santé en Ontario (1990) et l'Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (ESCC) – Santé mentale et bien-être - Cycle 1.2 (2002; sous-échantillon d'Ontario). Résultats: Le taux d'utilisation des services durant les 12 mois précédant a augmenté de 32% en 1991 à 41% en 2002, avec la plus grande augmentation notée seulement parmi les individus avec l'anxiété (17% en 1991 contre 28% de 2002). Les résultats des analyses de régressions multi-variées ont démontrée des changements de déterminants d'utilisation des services entre 1991 et 2002. L'utilisation des médicaments psychotropes a augmenté de 2.2% à 7.7%, avec la plus grande augmentation notée parmi les individu
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Moser, Michele R. "Infant Mental Health 101." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5002.
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Connolly, John Francis. "Child and adolescent mental health : intervention and appropriate measurement." Thesis, Bangor University, 2017. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/child-and-adolescent-mental-health(7af6d0e5-6258-4c15-be7f-0f00faa87fe7).html.
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This thesis explores issues relating to intervention in, and measurement of, child mental health and well-being. The first chapter was a systematic review of Positive psychology interventions used to improve mental health and well-being outcomes. This identified 12 randomised controlled trials (n= 1668) in children and adolescents identifying a growing but generally weak evidence base. The array of outcomes and confounding variables assessed were identified alongside implementation issues. The second chapter explored psychometric properties of a ubiquitous tool for measuring these same outcomes, namely the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Factor structure, reliability, and measurement invariance were investigated and normative data developed. A 5-factor model was found to best fit the data in a large nationally representative sample. Omega (but not alpha) reliability coefficients revealed acceptable reliability and measurement invariance (configural, metric, scalar) was found for gender, parent status, and socio-economic status. Findings suggested that the method of analysis employed greatly affected subsequent interpretation. Normative analysis revealed current norms underestimate at risk children (by 1-2 points) and new norms were created. The clinical, theoretical, and research implications of these findings are presented in the final part of the thesis, alongside a series of recommendations.
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O'Connell, Christine. "Integrating physical and psychological wellbeing in child health." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15004/.
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Research shows that the integration of physical and mental healthcare in paediatric settings is beneficial in terms of clinical and cost effectiveness (Kahana, Drotar, & Frazier, 2008; Douglas & Benson 2008, Griffin & Christie, 2008). Due to the high rates of mental health problems within this population, several studies have shown that referral to paediatric psychology should be increased (e.g. Wagner & Smith, 2007). However, there are few studies investigating factors influencing healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour. The current study used theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1988; 1991) to develop a questionnaire which explores factors influencing the referral of children and families to paediatric psychology. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined. Findings indicate that the questionnaire holds good reliability and validity and that the main constructs of theory of planned behaviour are useful in predicting intention to refer to paediatric psychology. Specific beliefs about referral were also shown to influence intention to refer. Findings that individual referrer factors such as attitudes and beliefs can impact healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour indicates that multidisciplinary interventions and inter-professional education relating to the psychological aspects of illness are required. Recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Weselak, Mandy. "Pregnancy pesticide exposures, birth defects and child health outcomes in the Ontario Farm Family Health Study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26806.
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The use of pesticides has served to enhance the economies and health of nations around the world by amplifying crop production and reducing crop loss. At the same time, studies have linked pre- and post-natal pesticide exposures to certain childhood cancers, neurological deficits, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We explored the relationship between parental pesticide exposure during the pre-conception (3 months prior to conception) and post-conception (first trimester, entire pregnancy period) periods on specific child health outcomes. Our results suggest that pre-conception exposure to cyanazine and dicamba increase the risk of birth defects in male offspring. There is also evidence suggesting that hearing problems and allergies or hayfever are more common in male offspring who are exposed to pesticides during pregnancy. However, given the limited research in this area and the self-reported nature of the exposure and outcomes in this study, the present findings should be considered primarily as hypothesis generating.
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Riebe, Jason D. "The provision of mental health services in schools." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005riebej.pdf.
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Allen, Dawn. "Child and adolescent mental health : the strategic framework and its implementation in Wales." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/child-and-adolescent-mental-health(5d009658-a303-4cfe-bba6-18ba0f2276a3).html.
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This research comprises three linked projects stemming from the first project which aimed to define “long-term” pupil absence from school and discover the principal reasons for such absence. The second project focussed on the area of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), an issue emerging from the first project. The CAMHS 4-Tier Strategic Framework (or “CAMHS Concept”), including links between CAMHS providers were examined and referral pathways investigated and measured against published criteria. The third project explored the new CAMHS Strategic Framework and considered whether implementation problems were to blame for its lack of transformational impact.
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Cartwright, Mark E. "Psychoeducation among caregivers of children receiving mental health services." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1187029938.
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Andrews, Carly. "The Intersection Between Mining Contaminants and Hunting in Northeastern Ontario Communities." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37954.
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There is a plethora of research circulating in the academic word related to Indigenous hunters and how industrial development is affecting their traditional lifestyles; of particular concern are the toxic exposures derived from these industrial activities as well as the effects these are having on animal and human health. However, relatively little research exists on the ways in which non-Indigenous hunters are being impacted by and perceive the environmental risks posed by industrial activities (i.e., mining contaminants). The purpose of this study was two-fold: to investigate whether there is a relationship between hunting practices of non-Indigenous hunters and their health status and personal wellbeing as well as examining how the perception of environmental risk associated with mining contaminants might affect the hunting practices, health and wellbeing of non-Indigenous hunters living in northeastern Ontario communities. The study involved survey questionnaires that were distributed in four northeastern Ontario communities (Onaping Falls, Porcupine, Wawa, and Hearst) where a total of 390 hunters, non-hunters, and former hunters voluntarily participated. Findings from this study indicated a few relationships between hunting practice variables (discarding/giving away animals and hunting near mine or tailings sites) and general health, physical health, and physical health readiness variables but no relationships with personal wellbeing. Furthermore, significant associations were found between two hunting practice variables (hunting near mine tailings and discarding/giving away hunted animals) and the two risk perception variables. In addition, worrying about mining contaminants was significantly associated with reduced levels of mental health and personal wellbeing. Despite the significant associations, few hunters took actions as a result of their concern or worry over mining contaminants although it must be noted that only a minority of hunters always or very frequently hunted near mine or tailings sites. Either hunters did not perceive the risks as being high or they merely have a high risk tolerance. Further research is required to delve deeper into the issues explored in this research study.
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Downs, Jonathan Muir. "Big data approaches to investigating Child Mental Health disorder outcomes." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/big-data-approaches-to-investigating-child-mental-health-disorder-outcomes(44b87690-e546-473c-9d7c-31cd60fb3cd8).html.
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Background: In the UK, administrative data resources continue to expand across publically funded youth-orientated health, education and social services. Despite attempts to capture these data in structured formats, which are more accessible for analysis, most health information is stored as free text entry in electronic records. Big data techniques which combine large scale data linkage and automatic information extraction from free text, using Natural Language Processing (NLP), have considerable potential for enhancing the depth of information available from routinely collected public service data. There are a very limited number of published studies which have applied these big data techniques to answer questions relevant to child and adolescent psychiatry. Methods: This thesis examined original and clinically relevant research questions using data from routinely collected electronic health records, enriched by NLP and linkages to external data sources. Five related studies were performed all using data obtained from the SLaM BRC Case Record Information Search (CRIS) extracted using a NLP approaches, with two studies using external linkages with routinely collected national electronic datasets (NHS Hospital Episode Statistics and DfE National Pupil Database, NPD). Results: Using these data resources, I provide empirical support for the hypothesis that neurodevelopmental comorbidities increase children and adolescents’ risk for potentially more harmful treatments, greater treatment complexity and worse clinical outcomes. The NLP methods employed overcame limitations of structured data extraction, providing better assessment of a diverse range of symptom types, severity and related impairments, including suicidal risk, negative symptoms, antipsychotic treatment failure, and self-harm. External data linkages with the NPD enabled population level analyses by nesting clinical samples within their source population. NPD linkage also permitted the inclusion of education performance data, which were not routinely available within electronic health records. Conclusion: The thesis illustrates how the legal, governance and technical challenges were surmountable to enable linkage between NHS and Department for Education public service data. Also, it demonstrated that NLP and data linkages of electronic health records, have a clear role in clinical epidemiological studies of child and adolescent mental health. These tools, combined with the continued digitisation of public service activity, can unlock huge and detailed data resources for population-based analyses. However, current approaches have deficiencies, including limitations in accuracy, construct validity, and restrictions in the data available, providing challenges for future research.
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Moser, Michele R., H. Taylor, and T. Chusac. "Infant Mental Health and Violence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4985.
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Smith, Sarah. "De)pathologizing Discourse: The Problematization of Trans and Gender-Nonconforming Mental Health in Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38072.
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The trans and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) community has a complex relationship with psychiatry. The need for access to transition-related medical services is complicated by an increasing amount of activism that refuses the pathologization of TGNC identities through the diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria and the rejection of the biomedical model of mental illness more broadly. TGNC activists have mobilized concepts from critical disability studies and Mad studies, namely the biomedical and social models of mental illness, to describe their aversion to, and proposals against pathologization. However, this binary relationship between the biomedical and social models is problematic, as it is increasingly evident that conceptualizing TGNC mental health within this binary does not account for the complex reality of the lives of trans and gender-nonconforming people who must navigate between fighting pathologization without sacrificing access to publicly funded transition-related medical procedures, counselling services, and disability benefits. Consequently, in this thesis, I seek to trouble the binary relationship between the biomedical and the social, pointing to the shortcomings of mainstream disability discourses within TGNC mental health policies and practices in Ontario, using Foucault’s notion of biopower and Pamela Moss’ perching model to trace both the consequences of, and alternatives to, these limiting conceptualizations.
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Fekadu, Wolde-Giorgis Daniel. "Child labour in Addis Ketema, Ethiopia : a study in mental health." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1922.
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Turner, Erlanger A. "Attitudes toward child mental health services: adaptation and development of an attitude scale." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4215.
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Research shows that a considerable number of children and adolescents suffer
needlessly from psychological problems and only about 50% of those receive the
necessary services. Considering the impact of untreated child psychological problems on
problems in adulthood, it is important to examine the influence of attitudes on seeking
mental health service for children. Currently, no known measure exists to measure
attitudes toward mental health services for children. Building on previous research, the
goal of the present study was to develop a measure of individuals' attitudes toward
mental health services for children. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the factor
structure was assessed using a sample of university students (N = 250). In addition,
several hypotheses were tested examining the influence of previous experience with
mental health services on attitudes towards psychological services and mental health
stigma. Finally, differences in child characteristics on intended help-seeking were
examined. The measure developed consists of 26-items scored from 0 (strongly
disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Overall, results indicated that the 3-factor structure of the
measure developed was valid and reliable. Also, consistent with previous research on mental health services results supported the hypotheses of the current study. Future
research will examine whether the 3-factor structure is replicated using a sample of
parents.
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Domingue, Jean-Laurent. "Exploring the Production of “Dangerous Persons” in Forensic Psychiatry: A Critical Ethnography of the Ontario Review Board (ORB)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42688.
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Forensic psychiatric nursing is a specialty at the junction of two well-researched intersecting systems with two different mandates: criminal justice (public protection) and health care (public good). Nurses’ involvement at one of the systems’ points of juncture, review board (RB) hearings, has largely been left unexplored. At RB hearings, a panel of legal and health care professionals determines if persons unfit to stand trial (UST) or not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) represent significant threats to the safety of the public, and orders conditions aimed at keeping the community safe. The aim of this research project was to explore how psychiatric and public safety discourses construct the identity of persons UST or NCRMD during RB hearings, and nurses’ contribution to such identity construction. Critical ethnography methodology was employed, mobilizing three data sources: interviews with forensic psychiatric nurses, observations of RB hearings, and RB documentary artifacts. A poststructuralist lens was used to discern how RB culture produces truths about persons UST or NCRMD that sustain the hegemony of public safety and psychiatric discourses. The main finding was that the forensic psychiatric structure leverages therapeutic nursing interventions and documentation as evidence of deviancy, so that persons UST or NCRMD can be objectified and produced as dangerous, prior to socially rehabilitating them. Discursive structures sustaining the forensic psychiatric system inscribe nursing care within a disciplinary scheme, rendering it coercive and punitive. Thus, a care-and-custody dichotomy is insufficient to explain the complex processes at play in forensic psychiatry. These findings have implications for research, practice, and education in forensic psychiatric nursing, nursing ethics, and other nursing specialties on the medico-legal borderland.
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Plant, Dominic. "When one childhood meets another : maternal child maltreatment and offspring child psychopathology." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15001/.
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Studies have shown that a mother’s history of child maltreatment is associated with her child’s experience of internalising and externalising difficulties. This study aimed to characterise the mediating pathways that may underpin this association. Data on a mother’s history of child maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, depression after birth, maladaptive parenting practices and her child’s experience of maltreatment and preadolescent internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in a sample of 9,397 mother-child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to child age 13. The results showed that maternal history of child maltreatment was significantly associated with child internalising and externalising difficulties in preadolescence. Maternal antenatal depression, post-birth depression, maladaptive parenting and child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association. The study concluded that psychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and improving parenting skills, could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood experiences to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
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Harrap, Catrin. "Primary school teachers and child mental health : developing knowledge and understanding." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/94703/.
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Research estimates that around ten per cent of children in the UK between 5 and 16 years of age are diagnosed with a mental health disorder (MHD) (Green et al., 2005). The review of the literature suggests that teachers are not receiving specific training about child mental health (CMH) and lack confidence in their ability to respond to children’s mental health needs effectively (Trudgen and Lawn, 2011; Rothi, Leavey and Best, 2008). The reduced capacity of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and increasing focus on early intervention has shifted government attention from clinical to community settings, such as schools (Stallard et al., 2012). Therefore, teachers are identified as ideally placed to promote CMH from an early stage and identify and respond appropriately to early indications of mental health issues (MHIs) (DfE, 2014b). This mixed methods study aimed to extend the research literature by exploring primary school teachers’ (PSTs’) current understanding of child mental health issues (CMHIs); their awareness and previous use of MH resources; and their perceptions of how they could best be supported to develop their knowledge. A questionnaire and semi-structured interview were designed to collect quantitative and qualitative data, which were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the majority of PSTs had not received specific training about CMH and reported general uncertainty and confusion about the concept. The PSTs’ awareness and previous use of professional agencies were higher than their awareness and previous use of digital and literary resources. They requested opportunities for context-specific learning and ‘expert’ support, similar to mentoring and coaching models, in order to learn about CMH. The strengths, limitations and implications for educational psychology are discussed.
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Day, Crispin Stuart Mark. "An evaluation of a needs-based community child mental health service." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406747.
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Hall-Sterling, S. "Parenting and social capital : promoting child mental health as a community." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17764/.
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There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that parental social capital may be beneficial for the mental wellbeing of children. While the mechanisms underlying this association may not yet be clearly established, the strong association alone presents an argument for building parental social capital as a way of preventing and/or overcoming difficulties with their children’s mental health. However, in order to encourage the building of parental social capital, an understanding of the building process and what might contribute to its formation is required. This study explores the processes involved in building social capital amongst parents attending a peer-led parenting intervention group. Participants were 14 mothers who each attended the inner city-based group for parents of children aged 2-11 years. The mothers were interviewed about their experiences of attending the parenting group, and a critical realist grounded theory approach was used to develop a framework for understanding the process of building social capital within this context. Findings suggested that the following key processes were associated with building social capital: Personal Development, Making Connections, Feeling Safe, and Overcoming Differences. Each of these processes was facilitated by aspects of the intervention, as well as participant and facilitator attributes. These findings are described in detail, followed by suggestions for future research and implications for clinical intervention.
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Donnelly, Katherine. "Emotion recognition in parents attending Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18151.
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Objectives: This study sought to determine whether a computerised cognitive bias modification programme could be effective within a waiting-room setting for parents accompanying their children to CAMHS appointments. The primary objectives were to determine whether detectable changes to participants' emotion recognition could be observed in this setting, and whether this approach would be acceptable to the population. Secondary measures investigated whether the programme would lead to changes in participants' affect or changes in parents' appraisals of difficulties with children. Methods: A computerised emotion recognition training task was delivered to all participants during four weekly sessions. Participants in the experimental condition (n=17) received feedback aiming to shift their detection of positive facial emotions, while those in the control condition (n=14) received feedback which was not designed to elicit any shift in emotion detection. Results: Positive shifts in emotion recognition were observed in the experimental group, although no changes were observed in secondary measures in either control or experimental groups. Qualitative data indicated that the programme was acceptable and appropriately constructed. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that cognitive bias modification is possible within a waiting-room setting, although the extent to which this can lead to clinically significant improvements in mood or relationships remains uncertain. This work has implications for emotion recognition interventions for clinical populations known to present with negative emotional biases (e.g. anxiety and depression) and represents an important first research step towards developing interventions to improve parent-child relationships.
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Ducharme, Simon. "Neuroanatomical correlates of Child Behavior Checklist Aggressive Behavior scores in typically developing children." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104779.
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Background: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and basal ganglia have been implicated in the neurobiology of pathological aggression. They are thought to be the structures involved in top-down regulation of impulses from the limbic system. This study aimed at identifying neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive aggression in healthy children. Methods: Data from 193 representative 6-18 year-old healthy children were obtained from the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development after a blinded quality control (1). Cortical thickness and subcortical volumes were obtained with automated software. Aggression levels were measured with the Aggressive Behavior scale (AGG) of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). AGG scores were regressed against cortical thickness and basal ganglia volumes using first and second-order linear models while controlling for age, gender, scanner site and total brain volume. 'Gender by AGG' interactions were analyzed. Whole brain random field theory corrections for multiple comparisons were implemented.Results: There were positive associations between bilateral striatal volumes and AGG scores (right: r=0.238, p=0.001; left: r=0.188, p=0.01). A significant association was found with right ACC and subgenual ACC cortical thickness in a second-order linear model (p < 0.05, corrected). High AGG scores were associated with a relatively thin right ACC cortex. An 'AGG by gender' interaction trend was found in bilateral OFC and ACC associations with AGG scores. Conclusion: This study shows the existence of relationships between impulsive aggression in healthy children and the structure of the striatum and right ACC. It also suggests the existence of gender specific patterns of association in OFC/ACC grey matter. These results may guide research on oppositional-defiant and conduct disorders.KEYWORDS: Aggression, Cortical Thickness, Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Orbito-Frontal Cortex, Striatum, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Contexte: Le cortex cingulaire antérieur (CCA), le cortex orbito-frontal (COF) et les noyaux gris centraux ont été identifiés dans les recherches sur la neurobiologie de l'agressivité pathologique. Ces structures seraient impliquées dans la régulation 'top-down' des impulsions produites dans le système limbique. Le but de cette étude était d'identifier les corrélations neuroanatomiques de l'agressivité impulsive chez les enfants en santé ayant un développement normal. Méthodologie: Les données de 193 sujets de 6 à 18 ans ont été obtenues de l'étude NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development après un contrôle visuel de qualité des données (1). L'épaisseur corticale et les volumes sous-corticaux ont été obtenus avec des programmes automatisés. Le niveau d'agressivité a été mesuré avec l'échelle de comportements agressifs (AGG) obtenue du questionnaire Child Behavior Checklist. Les scores de AGG ont été analysés en régression linéaire avec l'épaisseur corticale et le volume des noyaux gris centraux en utilisant des modèles de premier et de deuxième ordre, et en contrôlant pour les effets de l'âge, du sexe, du numéro de scanner et du volume cérébral total. L'interaction 'AGG X sexe' a aussi été analysée. Une correction statistique de type random field theory pour comparaisons multiples a été appliquée aux résultats.Résultats: Une association positive a été trouvée entre les scores de AGG et le volume du striatum bilatéralement (droite: r=0.238, p=0.001; gauche: r=0.188, p=0.01). Une association significative était aussi présente entre AGG et l'épaisseur corticale du CCA droit et du CCA sous-géniculé droit dans un modèle linéaire de deuxième ordre (p < 0.05, corrigé). Les scores AGG élevés étaient associés à un CCA droit relativement mince. Une tendance d'association entre l'épaisseur corticale et l'interaction 'AGG X sexe' a aussi été trouvée dans le COF et le CCA bilatéralement. Conclusion: Cette étude démontre l'existence d'une relation entre l'agressivité impulsive chez les enfants en santé et la structure anatomique du striatum, ainsi que du CCA droit. Elle suggère également l'existence de patterns d'associations spécifiques au sexe dans la matière grise du COF et du CCA. Ces résultats pourraient guider la recherche clinique sur le trouble oppositionnel avec provocation et le trouble des conduites. MOTS CLÉS: Agressivité, Épaisseur corticale, Cortex cingulaire antérieur, Cortex orbito-frontal, Striatum, Imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM)
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Chan, Kit-bing Sumee. "Conceptions of psychopathology among children from a developmental perspective: an exploratory study among thewell and the afflicted." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29648087.
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Mihailescu, Mara. "How Early-Career Female Physicians Experience Workplace Mental Health and Leaves of Absence In Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42384.
Full textAbstract:
The intersection of gender and early-career stage on the mental health of physicians is emerging and evident. This qualitative, interview-based study explores the perspectives of early-career female physicians regarding their mental health in the context of their work, their experiences with taking a leave of absence from work, and promising practices and supports that can support early-career female physicians in the workplace with regards to mental health and leaves of absence. Nine interviews with female physicians in the first ten years of practice in Ontario were conducted and analyzed thematically. A conceptual framework borrowed from the Healthy Professional Worker (HPW) Partnership was employed and revised based on the findings. The findings suggest that increased awareness of the challenges faced by early-career female physicians may contribute to the destigmatization of mental health and leaves of absence and foster supports at work. Policy makers and regulatory bodies should consider developing equitable leave of absence policies for physicians and reframing how seeking mental health care is viewed to contribute to positive culture change.
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Saadat, Mehr Farzaneh. "Addressing Factors Related to Depression and Mental Health in Elderly Chinese Immigrant Women in Ontario." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23621.
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This is a qualitative research centred on factors related to depressing and mental health among elderly Chinese immigrant women living in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to examine those social factors that affect or contribute to depression or other forms of mental illness among elderly Chinese immigrant women. Qualitative content analysis was used. Reports of organisations concerned with elderly Chinese immigrants, qualitative research articles on elderly Chinese immigrant women, and government reports and publications were analysed based on their content. From the data, three main categories were developed. These are pre-migration, settlement experiences and health promotion. Some of the themes or sub –categories under these three main categories include the following: separation, isolation and loneliness, family and economic dependence, communication barriers, physical and psychological illness, transportation and food challenges, and empowerment. These themes or sub-categories were presented alongside the general conditions affecting elderly immigrant women as reported by other literature. From these findings several recommendations with regards to feminist health promotion were discussed. These include empowerment, making health social support accessible, family connectedness and others.
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Moser, Michele R., and Janet Todd. "Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4982.
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Ahmed, Nabeelah. "Mental Health Experiences, Resources, and Challenges in Post-Graduate Medical Education: A Case Study of Resident Physicians in Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40583.
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Physician health is a growing issue, garnering recognition by virtue and for potential negative impact on patient care. The state of physician mental health is troubling with above average prevalence of burnout, depression, and suicidal ideation across career stages. Well-being in resident physicians requires special consideration, given their dual role as trainees and physicians.
The objectives of this study were to: (1) elucidate the mental health experiences of Ontario resident physicians, characterizing help-seeking behaviours in relation to awareness and utilization of available local and provincial services; and (2) generate knowledge that guides the development of resident-focused mental health services, informing wellness directives at the educational and organizational levels.
A provincially focused study included an environmental scan of physician health programs and services at six postgraduate faculties of medicine, as well as in-depth, experiential interviews with residents on key trends across different residency contexts, the specific circumstances facing Ontario residents, their help-seeking behaviours, and experiences with physician health services. A total of 40 interviews were conducted with resident physicians across the province of Ontario, from which a subset of 12 was selected for in-depth analysis.
This study found that resident physicians in Ontario were aware of resources for supporting their mental health but there were a number of challenges to seeking support. Barriers such as time, confidentiality, helpfulness, and impact on professional development and career trajectory were cited by participants. Factors that facilitated the use of resources included the accessibility and mode of delivery of services.
This research offers insight towards the development and dissemination of resident-specific services and wellness resources. Furthermore, the findings of this study inform strategies and interventions to improve physician well-being through medical education in the postgraduate setting in addition to health and wellness directives at the organizational level.
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Edwards, David John. "A comparative evaluation of child and adolescent mental health interventions in the United Kingdom and South Africa." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1241.
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A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a PhD in Community Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012.Ongoing global crises impact negatively on human health. International comparison studies may improve health promotion. A community psychology, appreciative inquiry was conducted into local staff perceptions of selected child and adolescent mental health interventions in the Kent and Zululand regions of the United Kingdom and South Africa respectively. The Kent findings, supported by a quasi-experimental investigation, indicated that intervention was beneficial, the mental health practitioner role had value and additional mental health practitioners should be employed. The Zululand findings, complemented by a single client case study, suggested that intervention provided a valuable people focused programme, and that additional emphasis should be placed on promoting the intervention, its structure and staffing. Evaluative comparisons thus illustrated the differential effectiveness of the respective interventions. The Kent service could learn from the way in which the Zululand intervention was people orientated and the Zululand programme could learn from the way in which the Kent intervention was structured and organized. Findings highlighted the ongoing need to evaluate existing models of community psychology, create new models, and the temporal and contextual nature of any such models.
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Nabhan, Inshirah Nimer. "Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Disorder of Extreme Stress Not Otherwise Specified among Palestinian Child Ex-Detainees." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84259/.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the variations in the type of trauma (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and disorder of extreme stress not otherwise specified (DESNOS) resulting first from group membership, and second from variations in socioeconomic status, and last, from exposure to physical and psychological methods of interrogation due to imprisonment. I use a diverse sample of 202 child ex-detainees who served sentences in Israeli prisons and were 17 years of age or less at the time of arrest. Various regression techniques were utilized to determine the most parsimonious way to distinguish between the three groups in their trauma responses. The key finding in this study is that child refugee ex-detainees living in refugee camps, in general, did not report PTSD or DESNOS reactions compared to their counterparts. Continuing PTSD and DESNOS symptoms were more prevalent among the group of refugees living outside the camps. However, there is at least one finding that supported what I hypothesized: refugees living in camps were more likely to experience elevated levels of alterations in attention or consciousness (DESNOS2). For refugees in camps, the DESNOS absence tells us that the volatile childhood these children experienced was not associated with severe pathological reactions or heightened sensitization to trauma. In contrast, refugees living outside camps suffer from alterations in self-perception DESNOS4 symptomology, in addition, to elevated levels of complex trauma DESNOS and they qualified for the DESNOS diagnosis more than the other two groups of children. Refugees living outside camps were the only group subjected to interpersonal stressors.
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Newlove-Delgado, Tamsin Victoria. "Service use and unmet mental health need in children and young adults : analysis of three years of follow up from the 2004 British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey & description of primary care psychotropic prescribing & transition in young adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21211.
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This thesis aimed to examine service contact among children and young people with mental health problems, and has three complementary parts. The first is a secondary analysis of data from the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey (BCAMHS) 2004, which explored mental health related service contact in relation to psychopathology over three years. The second and third parts focussed on young people with ADHD in transition from child services, which is a particularly challenging time. This involved a qualitative interview study of young peoples’ experiences, and an analysis of primary care prescribing of ADHD medication over the transition period using a cohort from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 2005-2013. Less than a third of children with a psychiatric disorder in BCAMHS reported contact with child mental health services. Instead, teachers were the most frequently used service, with two-thirds reporting mental health related contact. Interviews with young people with ADHD highlighted themes including concerns around medication management post transition and need for information. The prescribing analysis found that the majority of adolescents on ADHD medication at age 16 stopped during the transition period. This continuing disparity between estimates of symptom persistence and medication persistence suggests that many may be stopping medication from which they could still benefit; as various barriers have been identified to ongoing prescribing. In summary, the findings of these three linked studies suggest common themes in terms of unmet needs and gaps between policy and practice in mental health services for children and young people. One of the chief implications is the need for oversight and policy levers to ensure the implementation of best practice, accompanied by complementary efforts to better understand and overcome other barriers to providing optimal care, including research into knowledge and attitudes of different groups and the provision of targeted training.
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Mazza, Jessica. "Organizational culture in children's mental health systems of care." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002351.
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Nguyen, Huong Thanh. "Child maltreatment in Vietnam : prevalence and associated mental and physical health problems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16331/1/Huong_Thanh_Nguyen_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Child maltreatment is not a new issue. It has existed in various forms in every society since the early days in history. However, it is only in the past four decades that abuse and neglect of children has attracted widespread interest among health professionals and the general public. There is now a large body of evidence that identifies four main maltreatment forms: physical, sexual, emotional maltreatment and neglect. Child maltreatment is a substantial public health problem, as it is associated with immediate and long-term health problems.
Most research into child maltreatment has been conducted in English-speaking, developed countries. Although there has been a small but steady increase in the number of studies from less developed countries over the past decade, there remains a relative dearth of research in these populations, especially in Asia. Over the years, most research projects around the world tend to be focused on only one type of child maltreatment (usually either child sexual abuse or child physical maltreatment), and many studies do not examine risk factors in depth, or address the possible outcomes of various forms of maltreatment.
Children have always held a very important place in the culture and traditions in Vietnam. In 1989, Vietnam was the first Asian country and the second country in the world to sign and ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Since then Vietnam has adopted various measures to promote children's rights and particularly children's rights to be protected from abuse and exploitation. Despite strong political support for the rights of children, there is little formal research into child maltreatment. From the small amount of available evidence and media reports, it appears that children in Vietnam are vulnerable to maltreatment, just as they are all over the world. It is clear that information about the extent and health consequences of different forms of child maltreatment from scientifically sound studies is still far from sufficient. Thus, more research is essential to ensure effective and culturally appropriate responses to protect children from maltreatment.
The primary aim of this research was to examine the nature and co-occurrence of four forms of child maltreatment including sexual, physical, emotional maltreatment and neglect among Vietnamese secondary and high school adolescents in both urban and rural settings, and determine the extent to which such adverse experiences impact on self-reported health risk behaviours and physical and mental health.
A mixed methods design including qualitative interviews and focus group discussions, and a cross-sectional survey was employed in this study. Incorporation of qualitative inquiry added a cultural dimension on child maltreatment and informed to develop appropriate quantitative measures.
Following 8 focus group discussions and 16 in-depth interviews as well as a pilot study of 299 adolescents in Vietnamese schools, a cross-sectional survey of 2,591 adolescents randomly selected from eight secondary and high schools in one urban district and one rural district was undertaken between 2004 and 2005. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires in class rooms. Key information included demographics, family characteristics and environment, and four scales measuring sexual abuse, emotional and physical maltreatment and neglect as well as standard brief assessments of health related risk behaviours, mental and general physical health.
The study clearly revealed that experiences of different forms and co-occurrence of child maltreatment among school adolescents were prevalent in Vietnam. The prevalence estimates of at least one type of physical and emotional maltreatment, neglect and sexual abuse were 47.5%, 39.5%, 29.3% and 19.7% respectively. A significant proportion of respondents (41.6%) was exposed to more than one form of child maltreatment, of which 14.5% and 6.3% experienced three or four maltreatment forms.
Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of child physical and emotional maltreatment and neglect among adolescents was not statistically different between urban and rural districts. However, children from rural schools were more likely to report unwanted sexual experiences than their counterparts in urban schools. There was no significant gender difference in reports of adverse sexual experiences. In contrast, girls were more likely to report emotional maltreatment and neglect whereas boys were more likely to experience physical maltreatment. Furthermore, family environment assessed by parental quarrelling, fighting, perceived quality of parental relationship and emotional support appeared to be the most consistent factors significantly predicting each form of child maltreatment.
After controlling for a wide range of potential confounding factors, many significant correlates between each type of maltreatment, each level of maltreatment co-occurrence and each health risk behaviour were found. In general, the pattern of correlations between child maltreatment and health risk behaviours was similar for females and males. Emotional maltreatment significantly correlated with most behaviours examined. Physical maltreatment seems more likely to be associated with involvement in physical fights and being threatened. Sexual abuse was significantly related to smoking, drinking, being drunk, and involvement in fighting. Statistically significant associations between neglect and self-harm such as involvement in fighting, feeling sad and hopeless, suicidal thoughts and attempts were found. Clearly, co-occurrence of child maltreatment was significantly associated with almost all examined health risk behaviours and a dose-response relationship was observed in most of the dependent variables.
Regarding continuous measures of mental and physical health, multivariate regression analyses revealed that presence of four types of child maltreatment explained a small but significant proportion of variance (from 5% to 9%), controlling for a wide range of background variables. Additionally, while each form of child maltreatment had independent effects on depression, anxiety problems, low self-esteem and poor physical health emotional maltreatment appeared to be the strongest influence on mental and physical health of both female and male adolescents. Analysis of variance also clearly suggested that exposure to increasing numbers of maltreatment forms significantly increased the risk of mental and physical health problems in a dose-response fashion.
The present study extends a small body of previous research examining poly-victimization in developed nations to an Asian country. The data contribute new knowledge on cross-cultural child maltreatment problems. Considerable commonalities as well as some differences in the findings in Vietnam compared with earlier research were found. One important conclusion concerns the significant independent associations between various types of child maltreatment, as well as the cumulative effects of poly-victimization on a wide range of health risk behaviours, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and general physical health. This pioneering research in Vietnam provides timely and substantial evidence that can be used to raise public awareness of the nature of child maltreatment and the harmful effects of not only sexual and physical abuse but also other forms of emotional maltreatment and neglect which have not received attention before. These results from a community-based sample have demonstrated the urgent need for prevention programs. The current study provides an impetus for more comprehensive research in this sensitive area in the near future so that culturally and politically relevant evidence-based responses to child maltreatment can be developed in Vietnam.
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Nguyen, Huong Thanh. "Child maltreatment in Vietnam : prevalence and associated mental and physical health problems." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16331/.
Full textAbstract:
Child maltreatment is not a new issue. It has existed in various forms in every society since the early days in history. However, it is only in the past four decades that abuse and neglect of children has attracted widespread interest among health professionals and the general public. There is now a large body of evidence that identifies four main maltreatment forms: physical, sexual, emotional maltreatment and neglect. Child maltreatment is a substantial public health problem, as it is associated with immediate and long-term health problems. Most research into child maltreatment has been conducted in English-speaking, developed countries. Although there has been a small but steady increase in the number of studies from less developed countries over the past decade, there remains a relative dearth of research in these populations, especially in Asia. Over the years, most research projects around the world tend to be focused on only one type of child maltreatment (usually either child sexual abuse or child physical maltreatment), and many studies do not examine risk factors in depth, or address the possible outcomes of various forms of maltreatment. Children have always held a very important place in the culture and traditions in Vietnam. In 1989, Vietnam was the first Asian country and the second country in the world to sign and ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Since then Vietnam has adopted various measures to promote children's rights and particularly children's rights to be protected from abuse and exploitation. Despite strong political support for the rights of children, there is little formal research into child maltreatment. From the small amount of available evidence and media reports, it appears that children in Vietnam are vulnerable to maltreatment, just as they are all over the world. It is clear that information about the extent and health consequences of different forms of child maltreatment from scientifically sound studies is still far from sufficient. Thus, more research is essential to ensure effective and culturally appropriate responses to protect children from maltreatment. The primary aim of this research was to examine the nature and co-occurrence of four forms of child maltreatment including sexual, physical, emotional maltreatment and neglect among Vietnamese secondary and high school adolescents in both urban and rural settings, and determine the extent to which such adverse experiences impact on self-reported health risk behaviours and physical and mental health. A mixed methods design including qualitative interviews and focus group discussions, and a cross-sectional survey was employed in this study. Incorporation of qualitative inquiry added a cultural dimension on child maltreatment and informed to develop appropriate quantitative measures. Following 8 focus group discussions and 16 in-depth interviews as well as a pilot study of 299 adolescents in Vietnamese schools, a cross-sectional survey of 2,591 adolescents randomly selected from eight secondary and high schools in one urban district and one rural district was undertaken between 2004 and 2005. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires in class rooms. Key information included demographics, family characteristics and environment, and four scales measuring sexual abuse, emotional and physical maltreatment and neglect as well as standard brief assessments of health related risk behaviours, mental and general physical health. The study clearly revealed that experiences of different forms and co-occurrence of child maltreatment among school adolescents were prevalent in Vietnam. The prevalence estimates of at least one type of physical and emotional maltreatment, neglect and sexual abuse were 47.5%, 39.5%, 29.3% and 19.7% respectively. A significant proportion of respondents (41.6%) was exposed to more than one form of child maltreatment, of which 14.5% and 6.3% experienced three or four maltreatment forms. Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of child physical and emotional maltreatment and neglect among adolescents was not statistically different between urban and rural districts. However, children from rural schools were more likely to report unwanted sexual experiences than their counterparts in urban schools. There was no significant gender difference in reports of adverse sexual experiences. In contrast, girls were more likely to report emotional maltreatment and neglect whereas boys were more likely to experience physical maltreatment. Furthermore, family environment assessed by parental quarrelling, fighting, perceived quality of parental relationship and emotional support appeared to be the most consistent factors significantly predicting each form of child maltreatment. After controlling for a wide range of potential confounding factors, many significant correlates between each type of maltreatment, each level of maltreatment co-occurrence and each health risk behaviour were found. In general, the pattern of correlations between child maltreatment and health risk behaviours was similar for females and males. Emotional maltreatment significantly correlated with most behaviours examined. Physical maltreatment seems more likely to be associated with involvement in physical fights and being threatened. Sexual abuse was significantly related to smoking, drinking, being drunk, and involvement in fighting. Statistically significant associations between neglect and self-harm such as involvement in fighting, feeling sad and hopeless, suicidal thoughts and attempts were found. Clearly, co-occurrence of child maltreatment was significantly associated with almost all examined health risk behaviours and a dose-response relationship was observed in most of the dependent variables. Regarding continuous measures of mental and physical health, multivariate regression analyses revealed that presence of four types of child maltreatment explained a small but significant proportion of variance (from 5% to 9%), controlling for a wide range of background variables. Additionally, while each form of child maltreatment had independent effects on depression, anxiety problems, low self-esteem and poor physical health emotional maltreatment appeared to be the strongest influence on mental and physical health of both female and male adolescents. Analysis of variance also clearly suggested that exposure to increasing numbers of maltreatment forms significantly increased the risk of mental and physical health problems in a dose-response fashion. The present study extends a small body of previous research examining poly-victimization in developed nations to an Asian country. The data contribute new knowledge on cross-cultural child maltreatment problems. Considerable commonalities as well as some differences in the findings in Vietnam compared with earlier research were found. One important conclusion concerns the significant independent associations between various types of child maltreatment, as well as the cumulative effects of poly-victimization on a wide range of health risk behaviours, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and general physical health. This pioneering research in Vietnam provides timely and substantial evidence that can be used to raise public awareness of the nature of child maltreatment and the harmful effects of not only sexual and physical abuse but also other forms of emotional maltreatment and neglect which have not received attention before. These results from a community-based sample have demonstrated the urgent need for prevention programs. The current study provides an impetus for more comprehensive research in this sensitive area in the near future so that culturally and politically relevant evidence-based responses to child maltreatment can be developed in Vietnam.
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Moser, Michele R., and L. Lucinski. "Infant Mental Health in Tennessee: Our Journey." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4990.
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Lee, Victoria. "The organisation of access in child mental health assessments : a conversation analysis of initial assessment appointments at a child and adolescent mental service." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42786.
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Initial child mental health assessment appointments are an under researched area of interaction. Within the appointment, parents and children work to present a case to the clinicians of the child’s difficulties which situates their cause as legitimate, doctorable, and as requiring specialist services. The clinicians establish the reason for the child’s attendance, build an understanding of the difficulties the child is facing, and formulate and communicate a decision about whether there is a mental health related concern. The objective of this research was to explore the sequences of interaction between clinicians, parents, and the children in order to understand the social actions that are being accomplished through the participants talk. A conversation analytic framework was utilised to explore the interactions at a child and adolescent mental health service within 15 video recorded initial assessment appointments. Access to mental health services is organised through the construction of each participant’s turns in the interaction. Clinician’s question design elicits certain responses from the child, which then further orient to their perceived right to knowledge. Parents work to build a case for their child’s difficulties using a variety of rhetorical devices such as extreme case formulations and contrast devices that legitimise their need for specialist intervention. Clinicians deliver their decision about the child’s difficulties in such a way that asserts their authority and accountability in the relationship, whilst parents’ responses maintains this asymmetry. In conclusion, through their turns at talk, all parties in the interaction perform and accomplish different tasks which impact on the shape of the remainder of the appointment as well as the clinician-patient relationship and the child centeredness of the interaction. Conversation analysis proves a valuable and appropriate resource for researching child mental health appointments; a communication centred methodology for a communication based service.
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Holbrook, Hannah Mead. "Referral Patterns and Service Provision in Child Protective Services: Child, Caregiver, and Case Predictors." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/921.
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Child maltreatment, and recurrent maltreatment in particular, occurs at an alarmingly high rate. Frequency of reports to Child Protective Services (CPS) is associated with negative psychological outcomes, and children whose reports are unsubstantiated experience similar risk of behavioral, emotional, and substance use disorders as those whose reports are substantiated. Prior research has demonstrated that children with no CPS reports and children with one CPS report showed no significant differences in rates of maltreatment perpetration or substance use in adulthood, suggesting that prevention efforts after one report may have strong merit in reducing negative outcomes in adulthood. However, patterns and risk factors of unsubstantiated reports have been only minimally explored thus far, despite having been found to predict subsequent maltreatment. The current study extends upon previous research by (a) examining both substantiated and unsubstantiated reports to identify longitudinal patterns of timing and recurrence and (b) assessing the extent to which service provision mediates long-term recurrence after each type of report. Analyses were conducted using subsamples of a longitudinal national dataset from 2011-2015 containing data from CPS reports for 3,655,951 children. Measures included child, caregiver, and CPS case characteristics obtained at the time of first report in 2011. Latent class analysis of referral patterns indicated four classes of recurrence patterns: (1) 2011 unsubstantiation followed by moderate recurrence, (2) 2011 unsubstantiation followed by low recurrence, (3) 2011 substantiation followed by moderate recurrence, and (4) 2011 substantiation followed by low recurrence. Multinomial logistic regression with most likely class membership as the outcome variable indicated that domestic violence, caregiver substance abuse, and poverty were better predictors of initial substantiation status than of long-term recurrence. Prior victimization was predictive of initial substantiation status as well as long-term recurrence. Asian American race predicted low rates of recurrence. Latent class analysis of service provision revealed only two classes: a class of children who received services and a class of children who did not. Service provision partially mediated associations between initial substantiation status and five-year maltreatment recurrence, as measured by number of subsequent reports, number of subsequent substantiated reports, and number of subsequent years in foster care. Limitations are considered and implications of using predictive modeling to drive service prioritization are discussed.
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Baldwin, Laurence James. "The discourse of professional identity in child and adolescent mental health services." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10504/.
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Background: Child and adolescent mental health teams have traditionally been constructed using multidisciplinary teams of different professions. Current workforce policy in mental health, however, stresses team function and the skills and competences required to fulfil that function which leads to a questioning of professional identity within those teams. Aims: This study aims therefore to define how professional identity is constructed in the policy discourse and amongst a sample of current practitioners in mental health teams. Methodology: This study uses a linguistic method, Critical Discourse Analysis, to question whether functional approaches based on role theory are appropriate when identity work discourse has overtaken role theory as a way of thinking about professional working. It uses elements of role theory and identity work thinking, informed by postmodernist theorists such as Pierre Bourdieu, to look at the need for the underlying conceptual frameworks that professional training and socialisation bring. Findings: By analysing the current policy discourse, and a sample of practitioner discourse on the subject, the study shows that there is a need for the professional identity of individuals to be better addressed and understood. It examines the importance of the underlying conceptual frameworks that inform the skills and competences and what these frameworks bring to team functioning. The study also questions the way in which policy uses linguistic capital as a change agent to bring about workforce modernisation in child and adolescent mental health teams. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for professional groups to maintain their professional identity by being better able to articulate the contribution they make to team functioning by virtue of their conceptual frameworks. These are shown to inform the way in which individuals use their skills and competences to care for service users and their carers.
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Page, Helen. "Black African mothers experiences of a child and adolescent mental health services." Thesis, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589458.
Full textAbstract:
Evidence indicates disparities in the help-seeking experiences of Black African families engaging with Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). UK health policy aims to reduce these inequalities and ensure that services are appropriate in meeting the needs of a multicultural society. Literature exploring the reasons for service use disparities has identified numerous correlates of service engagement, however the experience and operation of these correlates is less well understood. As such, clinicians lack a depth of knowledge that could facilitate their work. Help-seeking research has highlighted that service engagement is a dynamic and social process shaped by cultural context. As such, qualitative research methods have been advocated to explore the individual's understanding of this experience. This study sought to develop a qualitative and in-depth understanding of the experience of Black African mothers attending a CAMHS and explore how cultural values and perceptions contribute to this experience. Six Black African mothers were interviewed regarding their experiences of attending CAMHS. Semi-structured interviews explored how participants understood their experience and how their cultural background may relate to their experience. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes were identified concerning the experiences of 'parenting in a new context', 'the problem' and 'power and acceptability'. Participants' experiences 3 of CAMHS occurred in the context of raising a child in a new cultural context associated with various changes. This context contributed to the experience of defining a problem and understanding the responses taken. The experience challenged participants' existing understanding and introduced alternatives that were acceptable to different degrees across the sample. The findings indicate that culturally shaped beliefs regarding parenting, childhood behaviour and help-seeking are important in understanding the engagement of Black African families. Recommendations are made that aim to consider the world view of the client and service in order to deliver acceptable and appropriate services.
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Simpson, Emma. "The experiences of administrative staff working in Child and Adolescent Mental Health." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525333.
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Fang, Wing-yee, and 方頴怡. "A review of child and adolescent mental health services in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48423142.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives
The prevalence of child and adolescents mental health problems has been increasing in Hong Kong and is comparable to that of the world. It is estimated that the mental health problems of the future generations would account for 15% to 30% of their disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and become a healthcare burden on societies in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to address their mental healthcare needs now. The objective of the project is to review how the mental health services for children and adolescents have been changing in Hong Kong throughout the past few decades and to assess whether the local services have improved. While the service advancement in adult and old age (for example dementia) psychiatry has been significant, the children and adolescent mental health services would be reviewed by using the Donabedian framework. Based on some local and western models, the project will also address what the local healthcare providers can do for the children and adolescents with the capacity of developing multi-disciplinary and community-based integrated care as well as primary care and prevention. Service gap and areas of improvement on addressing the healthcare needs would be identified for the consideration of policymakers.
Methods
This project is a literature review. Archives of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists and Paediatricians, PubMed, PsycInfo, World Psychiatry, Lancet, etc have been searched with keywords including “children”, “adolescents”, “mental health services”, “child psychiatry” and “Hong Kong”. Journals from 1991 to 2011 have been retrieved. Publications and official sites of Hospital Authority and government organizations have also been searched.
52 journals, articles and online sources have been searched. 38 papers are identified and 19 are providing relevant materials. Studies with aggregated population level data rather than clinical studies which focus on symptoms and treatment of individuals are much more useful and providing more relevant information to this project.
Results
Secondary and tertiary care, in terms of screening, detection, in-patient and out-patient setting and rehabilitation services have been developed in Hong Kong since the 1980s whilst there are rooms for further development on primary care and prevention. An integrated approach, which emphasizes early identification and treatment by specialists-led multi-disciplinary professionals, has been more prominent. The stigmatization, which would result in reluctance of treatment, should also be addressed by enhancing the public understanding and awareness on the mental healthcare needs of children and teenagers.
Conclusions
It is necessary to work on the improvement of child and adolescent mental health in the primary, secondary and tertiary care in Hong Kong at present. Policymakers shall consider strengthening the support for child and adolescent psychiatry services in addition to the adults’.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Diggins, Marie. "What works : researching success in parental mental health and child welfare work." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2013. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/346870/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates success in parental mental health and child welfare work. Research has established the potential direct and indirect impacts of mental illness on parenting, the parent–child relationship, and the child, and the extent to which this poses a public health challenge. Problems with how adult and children’s services understand and deliver support to parents with mental health problems and their children have also been identified. In contrast, there has been little research about how parents with mental health difficulties and their children can be supported successfully. ‘What works’, or what constitutes success in parental mental health and child welfare work is missing from the literature. This study aims to begin to address this gap by providing an original contribution to conceptualising and evaluating success in parental mental health and child welfare work. This is an exploratory study, and as such covers a diverse population, i.e. different family members, different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, parents with different diagnoses, and statutory and voluntary sector agencies. The main issue here is to cover diversity; in terms of exploring different opinions of success – both in outcomes and processes – rather than to ensure applicability of the findings to all families in which there are parents experiencing mental illness. An interpretative approach was chosen for the study (within that data) to explore these issues. This was obtained by undertaking a multiple embedded case study methodology (Yin, 2003) with 12 families and their key workers from community mental health, children’s social care and the voluntary sector. Data collection was undertaken in three stages: individual interviews with parents, children and the professionals who support them; a review of the agency case files kept about the same families; and three focus groups. Participants were asked to identify successful situations that had occurred in each case study family during the 18 months prior to interview and give details about why these situations worked out well. The focus groups were convened to discuss the emerging findings from the first two phases of data collection. An examination of emerging themes, and the interplay between themes, gives insight into the shared ideas about what works and the shared methods and practices that are associated with successful outcomes. On the basis of these similarities, the findings offer a contribution to knowledge and practice about a mode of working which seems to make it possible to succeed in helping families previously considered beyond help. What is more, the practitioners also benefit from the helping relationship in this context.
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Diggins, Marie. "What works: Researching success in parental mental health and child welfare work." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2013. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/346870/1/Thesis%20Final%20MARIE%20DIGGINS.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates success in parental mental health and child welfare work. Research has established the potential direct and indirect impacts of mental illness on parenting, the parent–child relationship, and the child, and the extent to which this poses a public health challenge. Problems with how adult and children’s services understand and deliver support to parents with mental health problems and their children have also been identified. In contrast, there has been little research about how parents with mental health difficulties and their children can be supported successfully. ‘What works’, or what constitutes success in parental mental health and child welfare work is missing from the literature. This study aims to begin to address this gap by providing an original contribution to conceptualising and evaluating success in parental mental health and child welfare work.
This is an exploratory study, and as such covers a diverse population, i.e. different family members, different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, parents with different diagnoses, and statutory and voluntary sector agencies. The main issue here is to cover diversity; in terms of exploring different opinions of success – both in outcomes and processes – rather than to ensure applicability of the findings to all families in which there are parents experiencing mental illness.
An interpretative approach was chosen for the study (within that data) to explore these issues. This was obtained by undertaking a multiple embedded case study methodology (Yin, 2003) with 12 families and their key workers from community mental health, children’s social care and the voluntary sector. Data collection was undertaken in three stages: individual interviews with parents, children and the professionals who support them; a review of the agency case files kept about the same families; and three focus groups. Participants were asked to identify successful situations that had occurred in each case study family during the 18 months prior to interview and give details about why these situations worked out well. The focus groups were convened to discuss the emerging findings from the first two phases of data collection.
An examination of emerging themes, and the interplay between themes, gives insight into the shared ideas about what works and the shared methods and practices that are associated with successful outcomes. On the basis of these similarities, the findings offer a contribution to knowledge and practice about a mode of working which seems to make it possible to succeed in helping families previously considered beyond help. What is more, the practitioners also benefit from the helping relationship in this context.
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Finn, Natalie K. "Identifying Targets for Quality Improvement in a Community Child Mental Health Agency." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6107.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of evidence-based practices has great potential to improve the quality of children’s services; however, with a large variety of available practices, it can be challenging to select targets for quality improvement in community-based treatment. This study used a method called relevance mapping to identify how thoroughly evidence-based programs could cover a specific population of children seeking services at a large public agency and identify practice elements relevant to these clients. A therapist survey was used to examine current practice at the agency. Eight therapists at the agency reported on their practice delivery for 141 clients. Results from relevance mapping and therapist surveys were combined to create practice profiles for two predominant diagnostic categories seen at the agency: substance use and depression. These practice profiles were used to identify three areas of interest for agency quality improvement with regard to practice element delivery: Agency Strengths, Opportunities, and Weaknesses. Results demonstrate a potential blueprint for tailoring specific feedback to an agency for use in quality improvement efforts.