Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Child identification'
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1
Pozzulo, Joanna D. "Increasing the identification accuracy of child eyewitnesses with identification procedures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ27850.pdf.
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Chaudhry, M. N. "The identification of child neglect in social work practice." Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/41619/.
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Statistics highlight child neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment within the United Kingdom. The research described here was an exploratory study which used the pragmatic approach of a survey design to explore how social workers identify child neglect. Social workers complete assessments of children in need of help and protection and this assessment process determines whether a referral should be responded to as a child in need of support (as per Section 17, Children Act 1989) or as a child in need of protection (as per Section 47, Children Act 1989). The definition of child neglect is provided by the Department for Education for use by social workers in its assessment. However, the usefulness of the definition of child neglect is questioned within the literature due to differences in the breath and scope of what is considered a basic need and differences in what are considered to be adequate standards of provision to meet them. The study used an online survey directed at members of the British Association of Social Workers (BASW) and social workers from one Local Authority in the North West of England. There were five sections in the online survey: information on participants’ demographics, the second category focussed on caseloads, identification of child neglect, resources to support the identification of child neglect resources and finally the health and wellbeing of social workers. The major findings were that factors relating to the child were most salient when assessing neglect. This is in clear contrast to previous studies using the same criteria which found that factors relating to the parent were the most significant. The definition of child neglect provided by the Department for Education was highlighted as being problematic with approximately two thirds of participants reporting that the definition was helpful but over a third of participants found it unhelpful. Challenges in defining child neglect appear to be exacerbated by a lack of agreement among professionals from the same group on the nature of neglect. Up to one third of participants reported that they did not feel equipped to work with families in cases of neglect, and approximately half of participants reported that they were not able to follow up on concerns due to their workload. The implication of the findings is that whilst neglect continues to be a primary reason for social work intervention, social work practitioners appear to be working with a definition which the majority find helpful yet acknowledge that there is much less consensus on the nature of neglect. This is a concerning matter as social work practitioners are working with ambiguity yet are agents of the state protecting children from harm when they are unclear about thresholds and level of need.
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Clark, Jessica Celeste. "Automated Identification of Adverbial Clauses in Child Language Samples." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2803.pdf.
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Brown, Brittany Cheree. "Automated Identification of Adverbial Clauses in Child Language Samples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3404.
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Adverbial clauses are grammatical constructions that are of relevance in both typical language development and impaired language development. In recent years, computer software has been used to assist in the automated analysis of clinical language samples. This software has attempted to accurately identify adverbial clauses with limited success. The present study investigated the accuracy of software for the automated identification of adverbial clauses. Two separate collections of language samples were used. One collection included 10 children with language impairment, with ages ranging from 7;6 to 11;1 (years;months), 10 age-matched peers,and 10 language-matched peers. A second collection contained 30 children ranging from 2;6 to 7;11 in age, with none considered to have language or speech impairments. Language sample utterances were manually coded for the presence of adverbial clauses (both finite and non-finite). Samples were then automatically tagged using the computer software. Results were tabulated and compared for accuracy. ANOVA revealed differences in frequencies of so-adverbial clauses whereas ANACOVA revealed differences in frequencies of both types of finite adverbial clauses. None of the structures were significantly correlated with age; however, frequencies of both types of finite adverbial clauses were correlated with mean length of utterance. Kappa levels revealed that agreement between manual and automated coding was high on both types of finite adverbial clauses.
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Michaelis, Hali Anne. "Automated Identification of Relative Clauses in Child Language Samples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1997.
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Previously existing computer analysis programs have been unable to correctly identify many complex syntactic structures thus requiring further manual analysis by the clinician. Complex structures, including the relative clause, are of interest in child language samples due to the difference in development between children with and without language impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess the comparability of results from a new automated program, Cx, to results from manual identification of relative clauses. On language samples from 10 children with language impairment (LI), 10 language matched peers (LA), and 10 chronologically age matched peers (CA), a computerized analysis based on probabilities of sequences of grammatical markers agreed with a manual analysis with a Kappa of 0.88.
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Ehlert, Erika E. "Automated Identification of Relative Clauses in Child Language Samples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3615.
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Relative clauses are grammatical constructions that are of relevance in both typical and impaired language development. Thus, the accurate identification of these structures in child language samples is clinically important. In recent years, computer software has been used to assist in the automated analysis of clinical language samples. However, this software has had only limited success when attempting to identify relative clauses. The present study explores the development and clinical importance of relative clauses and investigates the accuracy of the software used for automated identification of these structures. Two separate collections of language samples were used. The first collection included 10 children with language impairment, ranging in age from 7;6 to 11;1 (years;months), 10 age-matched peers, and 10 language-matched peers. A second collection contained 30 children considered to have typical speech and language skills and who ranged in age from 2;6 to 7;11. Language samples were manually coded for the presence of relative clauses (including those containing a relative pronoun, those without a relative pronoun and reduced relative clauses). These samples were then tagged using computer software and finally tabulated and compared for accuracy. ANACOVA revealed a significant difference in the frequency of relative clauses containing a relative pronoun but not for those without a relative pronoun nor for reduce relative clauses. None of the structures were significantly correlated with age; however, frequencies of both relative clauses with and without relative pronouns were correlated with mean length of utterance. Kappa levels revealed that agreement between manual and automated coding was relatively high for each relative clause type and highest for relative clauses containing relative pronouns.
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Little, Jane Kathryn. "The acquisition of gender stereotype component links." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28105.
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Deaux and Lewis (1984) have proposed that stereotypes be viewed as linked components, each encompassing specific content domains (such as beliefs about appearance, preferences, occupations and traits). Each component has a masculine and a feminine version. Adults are able to use the stereotyped associative links between items in the same component and those between items in different components to make judgments about individuals' behaviors and characteristics based on minimal information. The present study examined the acquisition of these associative connections in the gender stereotypes of 6 to 10 year olds. Seventy-six children (38 boys, 38 girls), aged 6, 8 and 10 years, were asked to make a number of judgments about an individual's clothing, occupational aspirations, toy preferences, and personality traits based on a single piece of cue information (a masculine or feminine item from a component). The types of associative links that children could use in making of interpersonal judgments changed with age. The 6-year-old children were able to make stereotyped judgments about both masculine and feminine items within the same component but were only able to make between-component stereotyped judgments when items of their own-sex typing (i.e. masculine items for boys, feminine items for girls) were presented as cues. The older children were be able to make within- and between-component stereotypic judgments about both masculine and feminine items. The results supported the propositions of schematic-processing theory (Martin & Halverson, 1981) and demonstrated the value of the Deaux and Lewis (1984) component-link model as a heuristic for the study of complex cognitive structures.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Hedengren, Mary L. "National Identity Transnational Identification: The City and the Child as Evidence of Identification Among the Poetic Elite." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3452.pdf.
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Stiles, Kathleen Ellis. "Identification of the Adlerian Life Style: Development of an Instrument for Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332676/.
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Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology emphasizes the uniqueness of individuals and describes the life style, or personality, as the unique and characteristic pattern of coping with and solving problems and interacting with other people. The purpose of this study was the development of a similar instrument that would quantitatively identify life styles in children.
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Clark, James. "A politics of surfacing, an essay on child abuse, memory, and identification." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57982.pdf.
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Huneycutt, Dominique. "Young eyewitnesses : an examination of young children's response accuracy to target present and target absent lineup arrays following training procedures /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/311.
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Karlsen, Klaus. "Threatened child health through lack of immunization, identification of risk groups in Uganda." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21994.pdf.
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Young, Stuart Carter. "School social workers identification training and reporting of suspected child abuse and neglect." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/641.
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This study examined the relationship between child abuse and neglect identification training and the reporting of suspected cases of abuse and neglect by school social workers/visiting teachers and attendance workers in a twenty-two county area in middle Georgia. The State of Georgia's Department of Family and Children Services identifies the area as Region V. A 25-item questionnaire was distributed to the respondents to determine whether a positive relationship existed between training in child maltreatment identification and the number of reports made by respondents to Child Protective Services. The study examined three consecutive yearly time periods. Using the Pearson ‘r’ correlation, it was determined that a significant positive correlation existed for two of the three years under study (1985-86 and 1986-87 school years). Results from the 1987-88 school year did not reflect a significant relationship; however, an analysis of all three school years combined reflected significant results. Recommendations by the researcher for systematized training for school social workers/visiting teachers are made.
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O'Donoghue, Mary Therese. "Social worker identification of mother-child attachment in an ultra-high risk cohort." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10930.
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This study examined mother-infant attachment relationships as identified by a social work team working with a highly vulnerable cohort. Infants in the ultra-high risk population are most at risk of poor attachment styles. Mothers often have a history of childhood abuse and adversity, criminality, substance abuse, and poor mental health. When combined with socio-environmental aspects within families a high incidence of poor attachment is likely. This study investigated Social Workers’ identification of attachment issues using qualitative methodology in the form of document analysis of Social Worker case notes and semi-structured interviews with Social Workers. Results indicate that the accuracy and frequency of identifying attachment varied and that often the focus was on individual behaviours rather than the dynamic attachment processes of the mother-infant dyad. Disturbance in the attachment relationship was most clearly and accurately identified in cases that involved a major disruption to the mother-infant relationship. Attachment styles were identified as secure in almost every non-crisis case, particularly in the infant’s early years. Possible early manifestations of insecure attachment styles were not viewed through the lens of attachment theory, but rather in the context of behavioural and parenting problems. The potency of the Social Worker-mother relationship emerged as a factor that may in and of itself be crucial in helping mothers attach to their infants.
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Enebrink, Pia. "Antisocial behaviour in clinically referred boys : early identification and assessment procedures in child psychiatry /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-268-3/.
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Olsen-Rando, Robert A. "Parent-child relationship and college men's sexually aggressive attitudes and behaviors." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/862285.
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Forcible rapes continue to occur at a rate of 1.3 per minute (National Victim Center, 1992). With an estimated 12.1 million women having been raped in our country (National Victim Center, 1992) and with most victims knowing the rapist, the importance of understanding the underlying dynamics leading to sexually aggressive behavior becomes imperative.The purpose of this study was to further delineate a possible contributory factor in the predisposition for rape. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between the perceived quality of father-child relationship and those underlying motivational and attitudinal factors associated with men who perpetrate sexual aggression towards women. A sample of 264 male college students were given a series of instruments examining underlying power motivations, sex-role stereotyping beliefs, attitudes of hostility toward women, relationship with father, relationship with mother, and sexually aggressive behavior. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between parent-child relationship and sexually aggressive attitudes and behavior.The results revealed that, consistent with previously reported literature, one measure of relationship with father was found to account for a significant amount of variance in hostility toward women. Relationship with father was not found to be significantly related to any of the remaining criterion measures. Relationship with mother was found to be significantly related to sex-role stereotyping. All criterion measures were significantly correlated with each other as were all the predictor measures.The results are discussed in relation to the hypotheses and previous research findings.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Hartweg, Janine. "Identification and assessment of intentional physical injuries to hospitalised preschool children." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51793.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates the indicators, different role players and the assessment process of intentional physical injuries to children who are hospitalized. The basic premise for this research is the importance of professionals working with children in acquiring skills and knowledge on handling physically abused children. Physical abuse affects and requires the involvement of the entire family of the physically abused child. It is therefore necessary to consider the physically abused child as a part of the larger family system, and not assessed or treated in isolation. The purpose of this research is to broaden the theoretical knowledge of professionals working with children, and specifically social workers, in identifying and assessing physically abused children. This research report includes an investigation of risk factors, consequences and the adjustment process of physically abused children. Knowledge of these indicators of physical abuse will increase the awareness and the ability of the social worker or other professional to identify the injury as intentional. The assessment process by the multi-professional team in the hospital is also examined, focusing on the central role of the social worker in managing cases of physically abused children. The phases of the assessment process, the role of each team member, the various techniques applied as well as factors influencing assessment are described. The empirical research involved the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to explore the theoretical part of the research. This section can be divided into three phases. The first phase included setting up a profile, over a period of four months, of physically abused children under the age of five, who were admitted to the hospital and their families (N = 24). Of this sample, the characteristics and circumstances of four parents/perpetrators (n = 4) were investigated in the form of interviews, which formed part of the second phase of the empirical research. The third phase included conducting a survey with the social workers (n = 5) that assessed physically abused children in the hospital. This was done III the form of questionnaires, which included closed and open-ended questions. The findings and responses of the respondents were analyzed and compared with the findings from previous studies undertaken by various authors. The findings of this research can be used as guidelines for professionals in general who work with children, and more specifically social workers in a hospital that assess children presenting with intentional physical injuries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing ondersoek die aanduidende faktore, die rolspelers en die asseseringsproses van fisies mishandelde kinders wat gehospitaliseer word. Die uitgangspunt is die noodsaaklikheid van professionele persone wat met kinders werk, en veral maatskaplike werkers, om kennis en vaardighede te hê, ten einde kinders wat fisies mishandel is te kan hanteer. Omdat die hele gesin van die mishandelde kind geaffekteer word en betrokke is, is dit belangrik om die fisies mishandelde kind nie in isolasie, maar as deel van die familie sisteem te kan benader. Die navorsingsondersoek het ten doel om die teoretiese kennis basis van professionele persone wat met kinders werk, en spesifiek maatskaplike werkers, oor die identifisering en assesering van fisies mishandelde kinders uit te brei. Ten einde maatskaplike werkers se kennis van die probleem onders aandag uit te bou, vervat die navorsingsverslag 'n bespreking van die risiko faktore, gevolge en aanpassingsproses van die fisies mishandelde kind. Kennis van hierdie aanduiders sal die bewusdheid asook die vermoë van professionele persone om die fisiese mishandeling te identifiseer, verhoog. Die asseseringsproses deur die multiprofessionele span in die hospitaal word ook ondersoek, met fokus op die sentrale rol van die maatskaplike werker in die hantering van fisies mishandelde kinders. Die fases van die asseseringsproses, die rol van elke spanlid, verskeie tegnieke en faktore wat assesering beïnvloed, word bespreek. Die teoretiese doel van die verslag word uitgebrei in die empiriese ondersoek, deur 'n bespreking van die bevindinge wat deur veskeie metodes verkry is. Kwalitatiewe asook kwantitatiewe metodes is benut tydens die drie fases van die empiriese ondersoek. Die eerste fase was die opstel van 'n profiel wat oor 'n tydperk van vier maande geneem is, van fisies mishandelde kinders wat toegelaat is in die hospitaal en hul gesinne (N = 24). Vanuit hierdie streekproef, is die eienskappe en omstandighede van vier ouers/oortreders (n = 4) ondersoek deur middel van onderhoude, wat die tweede fase van die ondersoek bevat. Die derde fase was om 'n opname te doen met die maatskaplike werkers (n = 5) wat die fisies mishandelde kinders in die hospitaal asseseer. Die bevindinge en response van die respondente is geanaliseer en vergelyk met die bevindinge van vorige studies wat deur verskeie outeurs onderneem is. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing kan as 'n riglyn gebruik word deur professionele persone wat oor die algemeen met kinders werk, en meer spesifiek maatskaplike werkers wat fisies mishandelde kinders in 'n hospitaal asseseer.
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Wazny, Kerri Ann. "Crowdsourcing and global health : strengthening current applications and identification of future uses." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29622.
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Introduction: Despite the method existing for centuries, uses of crowdsourcing have been rising rapidly since the term was coined a decade ago. Crowdsourcing refers to ‘outsourcing’ a problem or task to a large group of people (i.e., a crowd) rapidly and cheaply. Researchers debate over definitions of crowdsourcing, and it is often conflated with mHealth, web 2.0, or data mining. Due to the inexpensive and rapid nature of crowdsourcing, it may be particularly amenable to health research and practice, especially in a global health context, where health systems, human resources, and finances are often scarce. Indeed, one of the dominant methods of health research prioritization uses crowdsourcing, and in particular, wisdom of the crowds. This method, called the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method, employs researchers to generate and rank research options which are scored against pre-set criteria. Their scores are combined with weights for each criterion, set by a larger, diverse group of stakeholders, to create a ranked list of research options. Unfortunately, due to difficulties in defining and assembling a group of stakeholders that would be appropriate to each exercise, 75% of CHNRI exercises to-date did not involve stakeholders, and therefore presented unweighted ranks. Methods: First, a crowdsourcing was defined through a literature review. Benefits and challenges of crowdsourcing were explored, in addition to ethical issues with crowdsourcing. A second literature review was conducted to explore ways in which crowdsourcing has been already used in health and global health. As crowdsourcing could be a potential solution to data scarcity or act as a platform for intervention in global health settings, but its potential has never been systematically assessed, a CHNRI exercise was conducted to explore potential uses of crowdsourcing in global health and conflict. Experts from both global health and crowdsourcing participated in generation and scoring ideas. This CHNRI exercise was conducted in-line with previously described steps of the CHNRI method for setting health research priorities. As three quarters of CHNRI exercises have not utilized a larger reference group (LRG) of stakeholders, and the public was cited as the most difficult stakeholder group to involve, we conducted a survey using Amazon Mechanical Turk, an online crowdsourcing platform, that involved an international group of predominantly laypersons who, in essence, formed a public stakeholder group, scoring the most common CHNRI criteria using a 5-point Likert scale. The resulting means were converted to weights that can be used in upcoming exercises. Differences in geographic location, and whether the respondents were health stakeholders were assessed through the Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test, respectively. The influence of other demographic characteristics was explored through random-intercept modelling and logistic regression. Finally, an example of a national-level CHNRI exercise, which is the largest CHNRI conducted to-date, exploring research priorities in child health in India is described. Results: A comprehensive definition of crowdsourcing is given, along with its benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations for using crowdsourcing, based on a literature review. An overview of uses of crowdsourcing in health are discussed, and potential challenges and techniques for improving accuracy, such as introducing thresholds, qualifiers, introducing modular tasks and gamification. Crowdsourcing was frequently used as a diagnostics or surveillance tool. The CHNRI method was not identified in the second literature review. In re-weighting the CHNRI criteria using a public stakeholder group, we identified differences in relative importance of the criteria driven by geographic location and health status. When using random-intercept modelling to control for geographic location, we found differences due to health status in many criteria (n = 11), followed by gender (n = 10), ethnicity (n = 9), and religion (n = 8). We used the CHNRI method to explore potential uses of crowdsourcing in global health, and found that the majority of ideas were problem solving or data generation in nature. The top-ranked idea was to use crowdsourcing to generate more timely reports of future epidemics (such as in the case of Ebola), and other ideas relating to using crowdsourcing for the surveillance or control of communicable disease scored highly. Many ideas were related to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Finally, a national-level exercise to set research priorities in child health in India identified differential priorities for three regions (Empowered Action Group and North Eastern States, Northern States and Union Territories, and the Southern and Western States). The results will be very useful in developing targeted programmes for each region, enabling India to make progress towards SDG 3.2. Conclusion: Crowdsourcing has grown exponentially in the past decade. Integrating gamification, machine learning, simplifying tasks and introducing thresholds or trustworthiness scores increases accuracy of results. This research provides recommendations for improvements in the CHNRI method itself, and for crowdsourcing, generally. Crowdsourcing is a rapid, inexpensive tool for research, and thus, is a promising data collection method or intervention for health and global health.
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O'Donnell, Melissa. "Towards prevention - a population health approach to child abuse and neglect : health indicators and the identification of antecedent causal pathways." University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0029.
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[Truncated abstract] The primary aims of this thesis were to investigate health indicators of child maltreatment, as well as pathways into the child protection system using routinely collected government databases, enabling a preventative health approach to child abuse and neglect. This thesis aims to improve understanding of the trends in child maltreatment and the factors, at the child and family level, which increase or reduce vulnerability to child maltreatment so more effective prevention policies and practices can be developed. This project uses longitudinal de-identified population data from the Western Australian Government Departments of Child Protection, Health and Disability Services. These data contained information on demographic, clinical, social and child protection outcomes of children and their families. Record linkage of administrative data was undertaken to: investigate health indicators of abuse and neglect using Hospital Morbidity data to enable the monitoring of population trends in abuse and neglect; compare proportion of cases obtained using health indicators with the Department of Child Protection data, and describe the physical, psychological and social characteristics of abused and/or neglected children and families. Statistical techniques utilised include logistic and Cox regression to investigate risk of adverse child outcomes, taking into account potential confounding and time to event. The main findings include: There has been an increase in assault and maltreatment related hospital admissions over the last 25 years. ... There has been a marked increase in the birth prevalence of Neonatal Withdrawal Syndrome (NWS) in Western Australia over the last 25 years, from 1 per 10,000 live births in 1980, to 31 per 10,000 live births in 2005. Specific maternal characteristics associated with having a child with NWS are identified and these children have an increased risk of child protection involvement. A population level analysis of child and parental factors determined the estimated increase in risk of substantiated child maltreatment for child intellectual disability, parental admissions for mental health, substance use, and assault, as well as greater socio-economic disadvantage. Conclusions This is the first body of research which has extensively used longitudinal, population level linked health and child protection data to investigate health indicators of child abuse and neglect and antecedent causal pathways. Monitoring injuries and conditions associated with child abuse and neglect in routinely collected data and using multiple sources of ascertainment are important initiatives in child maltreatment surveillance. Health indicators of child abuse and neglect are not subject to the same definitional and policy issues as child protection data and therefore provide a more valid comparison over time and between jurisdictions. The identification of factors which increase vulnerability for children and families to child maltreatment is essential in the implementation of prevention strategies including universal public health approaches as well as the identification of at-risk families for targeted intervention.
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Liu, C. Y. J. "Facial identification from online images for use in the prevention of child trafficking and exploitation." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9901/.
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Every year, an estimated 1.2 million children are trafficked (International Labour Office, 2002). The National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC) received a 432% increase in child sexual abuse images for the purposes of identification between 2005 and 2009 (U.S. Department of Justice, 2010), and they assisted in the identification of 2,589 victims related to indecent images of children in 2015 (NCMEC, 2015a). In relation to the vast number of images received, machine-based facial recognition could help law enforcement and other organisations to match faces more efficiently. The use of facial recognition technology has become more popular within our society, but where rapid juvenile growth changes facial features recognition is challenging, especially for children under 15 years of age with changes to the outer contour of the face (Ramanathan and Chellappa, 2006). The challenge not only relates to the growth of the child's face, but also relates to face recognition in the wild with unconstrained images. This study aims to provide an open-access database of facial images, documenting the different stages of facial growth from numerous individuals from birth to 19 years of age. There are currently very limited longitudinal databases available for the research community, and the collection of this database will benefit all researchers who wish to study age progression and facial growth. Ferguson (2015) suggested that facial recognition algorithms can perform better than humans in the identification of faces of children. Experiment 1 of this research takes a further step to explore how the difference in age group and age gap can affect the recognition rate using various facial recognition software, and explores the possibilities of group tagging. Results indicated that the use of multiple images is beneficial for the facial identification of children. Experiment 2 explores whether age progression work could further improve the recognition rate of juvenile faces. This study documents the workflow of a new method for digital manual age progression using a combination of previously published methods. The proposed age progression method for children recorded satisfactory levels of repeatability with facial measurements at the Nasion (n) and Trichion (tr) showing the most inaccuracy. No previous studies have tested how different conditions (i.e. blurring, resolution reduction, cropping and black and white) can affect machine-based facial recognition nor have they explored the relationship between age progression images and facial recognition software. The study found that reduction of the resolution of an age progression image improves automated facial recognition for juvenile identification, and manual age progressions are no more useful than the original image for facial identification of missing children. The outcome of this research directly benefits those who practice facial identification in relation to children, especially for age progression casework.
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Graves, Carolyn Mary. "Comparing parents' and nurses' identification and prioritization of parental needs in the context of caring for children with chronic conditions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29728.
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Accurate assessment is the foundation on which effective nursing interventions rest. However, it is not known how accurately nurses identify and prioritize the needs of parents whose children have chronic conditions. When nurses proceed with interventions based on inaccurate assessments, the results can be unsuccessful interventions that neither meet parental needs nor provide optimal health care for this population of children.
This descriptive comparative study was conducted to 1) examine parental needs identified and prioritized by parents of children with chronic conditions and their respective nurse care-givers, and 2) identify similarities and differences between the two groups. Patterns that evolved from these similarities and differences provide us with information related to where nurses have expertise or difficulty identifying and prioritizing the needs of parents.
Kleinman's (1978) health care systems theory, which supports the premise that health care professionals and clients perceive health care episodes differently, provided the conceptual framework for this study. Study participants included 38 parents and 13 nurses who were affiliated with ten ambulatory programs in a Western Canadian pediatric hospital. Both groups completed the modified Family Needs Survey (Bailey & Simeonsson, 1988b) and socio-demographic tool developed by this investigator. Responses to the 35-item scale of the Family Needs Survey were described and ranked, in addition to being analyzed using inferential parametric statistics to determine differences between parents' and nurses' identification of parental needs. Responses to the open-ended question on the Survey were described and ranked.
Research findings revealed some similarities and a number of striking differences between the responses of parents and nurses. On the 35-item scale, parents and nurses
agreed that five parental needs were 1) information about current research, future services and treatments, 2) help locating competent regular or respite care providers, 3) reading material about other parents with a similar child, 4) opportunity to meet and talk with other parents, with a similar child, and 5) more time for self, spouse and other children. Both groups were consistent in their ranking of the first two needs as the most important needs in the information and community services subscales, respectively. However, nurses had generally higher responses on all subscales and identified eight more parental needs than did parents which were related to information, support, and family functioning. Parents and nurses repeated most of the above needs on the open-ended question, although nurses indicated that parents also had a number of needs related to psychosocial issues and family functioning. Nurses ranked counselling (child's condition, treatment, stress management) as the primary support need. Further, both groups differed in their prioritization of parental needs on the open-ended question. Where parents ranked information, community services, and support needs as the most important, nurses ranked support, information, and community services. The implications of these research findings for nursing practice and education are discussed and recommendations for future research are presented.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Kuperis, Stanley Ronald. "A qualitative analysis of native child welfare : an identification of the cultural and structural dimensions of proposed Musqueam Idnidan Band family and child services." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29699.
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The Musqueam Indian band has no formal child welfare agreement with the province of British Columbia. Recently the Musqueam Indian Band has expressed a desire to work towards developing community based child and family services on reserve. This research examines the historical factors as well as contemporary factors relating to child welfare at the Musqueam Indian Band. This research utilized a qualitative research paradigm to identify the specific community dimensions that would be the basis for autonomous family and child services at the band. This study identifies the importance of kinship, linguistic, geographic, religious, experimental and contemporary dimensions within the Musqueam community. This study goes on to provide policy and program recommendations for culturally specific family and child services at the band. This research will be incorporated into a funding proposal put forward to the provincial government for programs and services at the Musqueam Indian Band.Arts, Faculty of
Social Work, School of
Graduate
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Crawford, Michelle. "Projective identification as a form of communication in the therapeutic relationship: A case study." University of the Western Cape, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7087.
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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)This dissertation reviews the construct of projective identification and the ways in which it is used as a powerful form of communication by the patient within the therapeutic relationship. The particular model of projective identification explored in this dissertation is that of Bion (1962)_ who, through his model of containment, brought the subtle interactive processes between the mother and infant into the foreground. This has been used as a metaphor for the therapeutic relationship. Some of the theoretical constructs central to an understanding of projective identification are introduced and discussed. Clinical case material from psychodynamic child psychotherapy is used in an attempt to illustrate the patient's use of and therapist's experience of projective identification. The method used is the single case study and material is drawn from 14 sessions. Through an analysis of the therapist's experiences in the countertransference, with the help of ongoing supervision and personal psychotherapy, it is shown that patient's induce feelings and experiences in the therapist in an attempt to communicate aspects of their internal worlds. Self reflection and retrospective analysis has been highlighted with the hope that this may be useful to future neophyte psychotherapists working psychodynamically.
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Sip, Makenzie. "Training Parents in Descriptive Assessment and Function Identification." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6340.
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It is often difficult for parents to address their child’s problem behavior. Children with special needs can display more frequent and intense problem behavior. Therefore, professionals need to help parents of children with special needs identify how to decrease their child’s problem behavior. Professionals help to decrease problem behavior by performing assessments called descriptive assessments to identify why the problem behavior is happening, and then using these assessments to create an appropriate plan of how to prevent and respond to the problem behavior. We examined if parents could be taught the skills necessary to perform descriptive assessments and then use these assessments to choose appropriate ways to treat the problem behavior. Parents included four parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Video vignettes of child actors displaying various problem behaviors were used to assess the parents’ ability to perform a descriptive assessment, figure out why the problem behavior was happening, and then use this assessment to choose appropriate ways to get the problem behavior to decrease. These skills were assessed prior to a training class and then following a training class where the parents were taught how to perform the skills. In order for parents to be able to use these skills in their everyday lives, it is important that they can apply the skills to their own children. Therefore, a video vignette of each parents’ child displaying problem behavior was used to see if the parents could apply what they had learned in the training class to their own child. Results varied for participants. Therefore, it is unknown whether the training class in the current study helped parents to learn to perform a descriptive assessment to figure out why a problem behavior is happening and then use the assessment to identify ways to decrease the problem behavior. More research is needed to teach parents to apply these skills to their own children.
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Chaane, Sylvia Thandi. "Implementation of the perinatal problem identification programme at public health facilities in the Emfuleni sub-district of Gauteng Province." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10222.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-76).The aim of this study is to implement Perinatal Problem Identification Programme (PPIP) at public health facilities in the Emfuleni Sub-district, this will document the medical conditions that led to perinatal deaths and describe the avoidable factors, missed opportunities and sub-standard care.
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Toran, Hasnah. "Early identification of social-emotional competence among young children in Malaysia /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1335363481&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-159). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Powell, Catherine. "The identification of early indicators of child abuse and neglect : a multi-professional modified Delphi Survey." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/50626/.
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Through the application of the Delphi technique, this study draws on the expertise of British child protection academics and practitioners from a wide range of disciplines in seeking to develop a consensus opinion on possible early indicators of child abuse and neglect. Underpinned by children's rights theory the study reflects an ideologically oriented mode of inquiry. The literature on childhood and research findings from work undertaken with adult survivors of abuse forms an important part of the background. The search for early indicators is described in the context of a secondary preventative approach to the problem of child maltreatment. The Delphi study was conducted through three rounds of data collection. Consensus was defined as 75% or more of the panel agreeing (or 75% or more disagreeing) that an item was a possible early indicator of child abuse and neglect. A total of 73 items were generated. Of these 46 reached a consensus of agreement, four reached a consensus of disagreement and the remaining 23 items failed to reach consensus. The findings from the Delphi study were then examined in the context of a retrospective case-notes review of 20 families known to have had a child protection concern. Although, it is well recognised that inter-agency working is a crucial component of child protection practice, secondary analysis of the Delphi data suggested a number of significant differences in the strength and extent of inter-agency agreement on a number of the possible early indicators. The implications of this finding are discussed in light of contemporary policy and practice. A very tentative conclusion arising from the study is that the early indicators of child abuse and neglect that achieved consensus of agreement may help in diagnosing child abuse and neglect at an earlier stage, although they are not necessarily diagnostic. Alternative explanations, differential diagnoses and information gathering are paramount, as is a willingness and ability to act on concerns. Although great caution is urged, it is suggested that the findings from the study are credible and of interest to those who are working towards more timely recognition and referral of abused and neglected children. Possible applications of the findings in practice, education and further research are suggested.
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Grenier, Marcella Evan. "Patterns of sibling deidentification and parent identification in families with gifted children." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75353.
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This study examines whether pairs of same-sex siblings labeled differently (one "gifted", one "not gifted") deidentify more than pairs of same-sex siblings who are labeled the same (both "gifted"). It further investigates patterns of perceived similarity between the siblings and patterns of parent identification to establish how these influence parents' perceptions of their children as "gifted" or "not gifted".Deidentification did not appear to vary depending on whether children were labeled the same or differently. However, females produced higher measures of deidentification than males--with girls labeled the same producing the highest scores of all.
All parents tended to see siblings as contrasting. They also showed a tendency to split parent identify with their children--each parent identified with a different child. In 39 out of 40 cases if parents perceived themselves as having been gifted students, then the children they identified with were labeled as "gifted". This parental labeling seemed to occur well before any formal identification and was maintained in the face of contrary evidence.
For this group different labeling was not associated with poor sibling interaction. Poor sibling relationships appear to co-occur with poor marital relationships.
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Clover, Robert Paul. "The moral development of the child in an active alcoholic home self-identification and formation of conscience /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.
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Dempster, Robert M. "The Role of Parenting Factors in Pediatrician Identification of Children with Psychosocial Problems." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1227714265.
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Reese, Jill Alyse. "Adult Identification of Meaningful and Intentional Music Behaviors Demonstrated by Young Children." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/148944.
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Music EducationPh.D.
The purpose of this research was to investigate how adults identify music behaviors of young children in play-based early childhood settings. The research questions were (1) Are there statistically significant effects of training, parental status, or direction condition on the number of individual musical acts identified by adults? (2) How does response latency vary based on training, parental status, and direction condition? (3) Of the music acts identified by the subjects, what types of music acts are identified as consensus acts (those identified by 75% of subjects or more within any three-second window)? and, (4) How do consensus acts differ with regard to type, frequency, and difficulty? Seventy-two adults (24 child development teachers, 24 early childhood music teachers, and 24 musicians) participated in the study. Of the 24 subjects in each group, half were parents, and half were nonparents. Subjects were randomly assigned equally to two direction conditions: Meaningful Direction Condition and Intentional Direction Condition. Subjects watched video of young children (five to fifteen months old) and adults interacting musically in a play-based early childhood setting. Subjects in the Meaningful Direction Condition pressed the space bar on a computer when they thought any child in the video demonstrated a meaningfully musical behavior; subjects in the Intentional Direction Condition pressed the space bar when they thought any child in the video demonstrated an intentionally musical behavior. When each subject pressed the space bar, a computer program recorded time stamp data. Subjects in the Early Childhood Music Teacher (ECMT) group identified significantly more music behaviors than subjects in the Child Development Teacher (CDT) group and the Musician group. There were no significant differences in the total number of music behaviors identified according to parental status or direction condition. Subjects in the ECMT group agreed statistically significantly more often than adults in the CDT group and the Musician group that behaviors demonstrated by children in the video were music behaviors. Adults in the Parent group agreed statistically significantly more often than adults in the Nonparent group that behaviors demonstrated by children in the video were music behaviors. When adults identify consensus acts, young children's music behaviors contain common features: beat-related movements and vocalizations. Adults in the ECMT group agreed significantly more often than adults in the CDT group and the Musician group that vocalizations demonstrated by young children were music behaviors. Adult ability to identify music behaviors as measured in this study is dependent upon musical training and experience, but not solely. Specialized early childhood music pedagogy may help adults identify behaviors (especially vocalizations) demonstrated by young children as music.
Temple University--Theses
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Abad, Neetu Suresh. "The influence of paternal autonomy-support upon ethnic culture identification among second-generation immigrants." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4949.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 22, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Reeder, Sean. "Response to Intervention and Specific Learning Disability Identification Practices in Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1365.
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Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) have historically been difficult to define and measure which has led to uncertainty and controversy. The current study explored the practices of identifying specific learning disabilities in Kentucky by surveying school psychologist practitioners in the state. Information was obtained about current practices with regard to RTI implementation and methods and data used for SLD identification as well as the roles that school psychologists take in the response to intervention (RTI) process. The sample consisted of 97 current or recently (within the past year) practicing school psychologists from 45 districts across the state. It was predicted that the use of RTI data for SLD identification would be associated with the length of time a district had been implementing RTI. The data did not support such a relationship. The majority of the districts represented by respondents were noted to be beyond an initial implementation of RTI practices. Responses to questions regarding the implementation of core features of RTI were grouped into High Implementation (HI; n = 45) and Low Implementation (LI; n = 41) groups. An independent samples t-test found a significant difference between the HI and LI groups for the quality of implementation. The HI group evidenced higher quality ratings than the LI. The use of RTI data as the most frequent method for SLD determination was noted for 30.9% of respondents as opposed to 0% prior to 2007. However, severe discrepancy was the most preferred method (59.3%) used for determining placement followed by RTI (28.4%) and a pattern of strengths and weaknesses (4.9%). Districts were also not likely to utilize non-preferred types of data if a student transferred into their district with that non-preferred data. Finally, the roles of school psychologists in the RTI process were explored. Great variability was found across practitioners with regard to the roles they actively have in the RTI process; however, practitioners in the HI group generally were more involved in the RTI process than those in the LI group. The findings are discussed with regard to the current national SLD identification practices and the limitations of the current findings.
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Hall, Gerald William. "Identification, Diagnosis, Counseling, and Referral of Overweight Military Dependent Children to Reverse Early Childhood Obesity." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3685.
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Since 1980, the obesity rate in children 5 to 11 years of age has increased from 7% to 18%. The lack of structured physical activity and poor dietary habits childhood are primary risk factors for obesity related comorbidities in adulthood. Guided by primary care providers, families can reverse childhood obesity by implementing healthy dietary habits and engaging in structured physical activity. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop an evidenced-based policy with procedures to standardize the timely and consistent identification of overweight children at a primary care clinic serving military families. With an emphasis on obesity prevention within families through primary care interventions, the revised health belief model guided the project design. A literature review was conducted in a systematic manner to identify effective strategies and interventions to inform the policy development. Then, the Delphi technique guided a 12-member expert panel to evaluate the policy and procedures in terms of the level of evidence and the implementation plan with the goal of achieving consensus with recommendations for revisions. Consensus was achieved with multiple revisions following the completion of two Delphi rounds. The first panel session (n=12) concluded with a 70% consensus, including recommended revisions to improve the policy implementation. The second panel session (n=12) concluded with 100% consensus for the revised policy. The final policy and procedures addressed the clinical practice gap with a robust process to identify, counsel, and refer overweight children to external specialty programs for obesity management. By intervening to reverse the progression of childhood obesity, this project achieved positive social change at an organization level.
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Caldeira, Johanne Lia Emonts. "How misleading information interferes with child eyewitness identification : effect of lineup type and age in target absent trials." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14160.
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Mestrado em Psicologia ForenseExisting literature on eyewitness testimony indicates that there is a wide range of variables which interfere with the reliability of eyewitness identifications (e.g., eyewitness’ age, target presence in the lineup, presence of misleading information and the entity that delivers it, lineup type). The present study focused on the efficency of simultaneous versus sequential lineups in children eyewitness testimonies in the case of target absent lineups, with the insertion of misleading information. The effect of children’s age was also investigated. Hence, 55 children of two different age groups (4-5 years-old and 8-10 years-old), divided into two lineup type conditions, viewed four videos of fake CCTV footage that depicted minor thefts. After a brief interference task, the children were asked to identify the suspect seen in the video, if they believed that he was amongst lineup members. Answers were registered according to the lineup member chosen, and could be of four different types: correct (no lineup member was chosen), dummy (the filler with the misinformation described features was chosen), pseudo-target (the filler with highest resemblance to the suspect in the video was chosen) and other (any of the other four lineup members was chosen). Results showed that younger children identify more frequently the dummy in the lineups than older children, evidencing a greater suggestibility. Additionally, results showed that participants identified significantly more “other” lineup members in the sequential lineup than in the simultaneous one, possibly because of not being able to exclude these members from their choice as easily as in the simultaneous lineup, which permits a relative judgment. This study has the potential to aid forensic investigations envolving child eyewitnesses, in an effort to understand and improve testimony and lineup methodology.
A literatura tem vindo a demonstrar que existe uma diversidade de variáveis que interferem com a fiabilidade da identificações por testemunha ocular (e.g., idade da testemunha, se o é alvo ausente ou presente, presença de informação errónea e entidade que a introduz, tipo de alinhamento utilizado). O presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a eficácia do tipo de alinhamento utilizado (simultâneo ou sequencial), face à introdução de um enviesamento de memória, em crianças como testemunhas oculares perante alinhamentos de alvo ausente. Para tal, 55 crianças de faixas etárias diferentes (4-5 anos e 8-10 anos), separadas em dois grupos por tipo de alinhamento, visualizaram quatro vídeos que mimicavam metragens de câmaras de vigilância e retratavam um furto. Após uma breve tarefa de interferência foi pedido que identificassem o suspeito que tinham visto no vídeo, caso achassem que este se encontrava entre os membros do alinhamento. As suas respostas foram registadas de acordo com o sujeito que escolhiam ou não e podiam pertencer a um de quatro tipos: acerto (não escolher ninguém do alinhamento), dummy (escolher o membro com as características erróneas descritas), pseudo-alvo (escolher o membro com maior nível de semelhança ao perpetrador) e outro (escolher qualquer um dos restantes quatro membros do alinhamento). Os resultados demonstraram que as crianças mais novas identificaram um maior número de vezes o “dummy” do que as crianças mais velhas, demonstrando uma maior sugestionabilidade. Verificou-se ainda uma correlação significativa entre o alinhamento sequencial e a probabilidade de escolherem um dos outro quatro membros do alinhamento, possivelmente dado a não poderem utilizar um julgamento relativo como no alinhamento simultâneo de modo a excluir mais facilmente estes membros das suas escolhas. Este estudo tem o potencial de auxiliar investigações criminais relacionadas com testemunhas oculares menores de idade, no sentido de ajudar a compreender os erros e aperfeiçoar as técnicas de procedimento aquando do reconhecimento e identificação de suspeitos em alinhamentos.
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Davidson, Kamila. "Early identification of childhood overweight and obesity: The wicked problem in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206180/1/Kamila_Davidson_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis investigated how to improve early identification of childhood overweight and obesity in Australia. In a series of three studies, this research applied behavioural change theory to examine determinants to assessing children’s weight status in primary health care. The recommendations provided in this thesis aim to affect policy and practice so that children can be better supported in maintaining and improving their health and wellbeing.
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Dabney, Jonathan Dickinson. "Identifying Victims of Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking in a Juvenile Custody Setting." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/305.
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Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) is a severe form of child sexual exploitation. Thus far, DMST studies have been qualitative or relied on secondary data. There has been no quantitative attempt to directly identify victims in a methodical way in order to determine the prevalence of DMST at a local level or the nature and strengths of its correlates. The present study used a three-tiered screening process to identify victims of DMST in a juvenile detention center. All youth taken into custody over a three and a half month period (N = 738) received a short assessment to identify those most at risk and in need of additional screening. During the study, six youth were identified as DMST victims and statistically significant differences were found between youth referred for additional screening (N = 47) and youth who were not. The results suggest that detention and probation staff identified the presence of DMST risk factors in youth screen interviews and were making referral decisions based on the presence of those risk factors. Practical implications of the findings are discussed along with suggestions for future research.
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Roulstone, Susan Elizabeth. "The child, the process & the expertise : identification of priority children from preschool referrals to speech and language therapy." Thesis, Brunel University, 1995. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5450.
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This study concerns the decisions and expertise of speech and language therapists (sits) working with preschool children, in particular, the selection and prioritisation of newly referred youngsters for therapy. The literature review covers three aspects: the difficulties of identifying communication disorders in preschool children; the nature of speech & language therapy knowledge; the nature of the selection and prioritisation task. These three aspects provide the theoretical foundations of the study and gave rise to the selection of a multimethod and predominantly qualitative methodology. Using a series of knowledge elicitation tasks, the selection and prioritisation decision was explored. A small group of expert slts participated in semistructured interviews, case history analyses, focus group discussions and card sorting exercises. The results are summarised under three headings: the child, the process and the expertise. The study identifies areas considered significant in the discrimination of priority children. In particular, the co-consideration of the child's communication skills and the supporting communicative context emerged as the key categories. Features within these categories associated with priority and nonpriority children were identified. The process emerged as one whereby sits collected and evaluated baseline descriptions of the child and context. As these findings accumulated, they were judged as to their diagnostic and prognostic significance, as evidence of progress and as potential causes for sit concern. Substantial consensus was demonstrated between sits suggesting that the knowledge elicited emanated from a body of knowledge rather than being idiosyncratic. Even where variation occurred, patterns were evident, reflecting the possible existence of theories-of-action related to differing working contexts. The results are presented as theories-of-action which underpin slts decisions. As such they will be of support to junior sits in their understanding of the selection and prioritisation task and to more experienced slts in making their own decisions explicit.
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Karlsson, Birgitta, and Svantesson Marie Ågestedt. "Skolsköterskans möjlighet att identifiera barnmisshandel : en litteraturgranskning." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4421.
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Barnmisshandel kan förekomma i alla samhällsklasser, trots att det enligt lag är förbjudet att slå sitt barn. Barnmisshandel brukar delas in i fysisk-, psykisk- och sexuell misshandel. För att kunna identifiera barnmisshandel måste skolsköterskan ha kunskap inom området, vilket saknas idag. Syftet med studien är att beskriva skolsköterskors kunskap och roll i att identifiera barnmisshandel. Studien utfördes som en litteraturgranskning och belyser flera tecken som skolsköterskan bör observera vid misstänkt barnmisshandel. Att det råder kunskapsbrist inom området, både då det gäller att upptäcka, identifiera och rapportera barnmisshandel framkom tydligt i studien. Skolsköterskan är i en bra position för att upptäcka barnmisshandel och hjälpa utsatta barn. Genom hälsosamtalet kan skolsköterskan uppmärksamma barn som kan vara utsatta för våld; begreppet KASAM är angeläget att ha med sig i det hälsofrämjande arbetet. I samtalet med barnet är det viktigt med en bra samtalsmetod. För att i ett tidigt skede uppmärksamma barn som utsätts för misshandel behövs tydliga riktlinjer och rutiner, kontinuerlig och fortlöpande utbildning inom området för att överbrygga den kunskapsbrist som finns.Child abuse can occur in all social classes, even if it´s forbidden to hit the child according to the law. Child abuse usually divides in physical-, psychic- and sexual abuse. To identify maltreatment the school nurse needs knowledge about this field, which is missing today. The aim of the study is to describe school nurses knowledge and function to identify child abuse. The study is a literature review and it illuminates several signs that a school nurse should observe at suspected child abuse. It counsels lack of knowledge about maltreatment, both to describe, identify and report child abuse. The school nurse is in a good position to recognize child abuse and to help exposed children. Through the health conversation the school nurse can observe children that can be exposed to violence; the concept SOC is important in the health promotion. In the conversation with the child it´s important to have good method of conversation. To early observe children that have been exposed for maltreatment it´s a need of clear guidelines and routines, continuous education inside the subject child abuse in able to over bridge the lack of knowledge.
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Lee, Tzu-Min. "Validation of a preliminary screening procedure for the identification of nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) in schools a parent rating scale /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/780.
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Katangoori, Divya Reddy. "Development and calibration of the new large omnidirectional child anthropomorphic ATD head-neck complex finite element model." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595510952409428.
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Cook, Arica B. "The Effect that Child Neglect has on the Trafficking of Minors: An Exploration into the Gaps Between Victim Identification and Precursory Events." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1620329807410116.
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Dadgar, Majid. "Pattern Language: Identification of design opportunities for the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to develop his/her social skills." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313619497.
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Dolan, Mary S. "The MMPI : a subscale (Ic) for the identification of male incest offenders." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3406.
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The MMPI has been used extensively for the clinical assessment of deviancy among sexual offenders. In order to derive a diagnostic scale for the specific identification of male incest offenders, an item analysis, using MMPI data from offenders, compared MMPI data from a nonoffending control sample. The item analysis results were cross validated with MMPI data from a separate sample of incest offenders. Eleven MMPI items were found to be critical in discriminating male incest offenders from nonoffenders, and these items comprise the Ic experimental scale. On the basis of the Ic scale, male incest offenders evidence characterological disturbances in the form of pervasive feelings of psychological and social inadequacy.
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Nyman, Linda, and Caroline Skogh. "Tecken på barnmisshandel samt sjuksköterskans upplevelser i samband med identifiering av barnmisshandel - en litteraturstudie." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-377.
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Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva vilka tecken en sjuksköterska bör vara vaksam på för att kunna identifiera barnmisshandel. Författarna hade även som syfte att beskriva hur sjuksköterskan upplever identifieringen av misshandlade barn. Litteratursökning gjordes i Medline via PubMed samt manuellt. Totalt valdes 20 artiklar till resultatet. Av resultatet i litteraturstudien framkom att misshandlade barn i stor utsträckning uppvisar både fysiska och psykiska tecken. De vanligaste fysiska tecknen var enligt föreliggande studie multipla blåmärken och frakturer. Psykiska tecken kunde yttra sig i att barnet uppvisar samarbets- och koncentrationssvårigheter samt att det genom kroppsspråket uppvisar rädsla, aggressivitet och passivitet. Avvikelser i familjens beteende kunde göra sjuksköterskan uppmärksam på att något inte står rätt till. Detta kunde yttra sig i att familjen beskriver tillvaron som bättre än vad den är. Brister i interaktionen mellan barn och föräldrar förekom i form av att barnet på olika sätt förtrycks och inte tillåts vara ett barn. Vanligt förekommande var också att föräldrarnas beskrivning av händelsen inte stämmer överens med barnets skador.
Genom föreliggande studie framkom ett flertal socioekonomiska riskfaktorer för barnmisshandel, till exempel kort utbildning, arbetslöshet och finansiella problem. Vad det avsåg sjuksköterskans upplevelser i mötet med barn som misshandlats visar studien att svårigheter förekommer i form av osäkerhet kring anmälan och identifiering, grundat på brister i utbildning och kunskap. Vid identifiering av barnmisshandel använde sig sjuksköterskan av sin erfarenhet och sina färdigheter inom observation och interaktion.
The purpose of this literature review was to describe which signs that should draw the nurse’s attention in order for her to be able to identify child abuse. The writer’s second purpose was to describe how the nurse experiences the identification of an abused child. Literature search was done in Medline via PubMed as well as manually. In total a number of 20 articles were chosen. Through the literature review it appeared that abused children prove to have both physical and mental signs. The most common physical signs were multiple bruises and fractures. Mentally, child abuse could express itself through the child showing lack of cooperation and concentration as well as showing fear, aggression and passivity. Deviations in the behaviour of the family could make the nurse observant. This could express itself through the family describing their situation as much better than it is. Failure in interaction between children and parents could occur through oppressing actions and not allowing the child to act their age. Commonly occurring was also that there is an inconsistency between the history of the event and the injury. A number of socio-economic risk factors for child abuse did appear, for example low education, unemployment and financial difficulties. As it regards the nurse’s experiences in meeting abused children the study showed that difficulties may occur in forms of uncertainty surrounding reporting and identification, based on lack of education and knowledge. When identifying child abuse the nurse was using her experiences and her skills through observation and interaction.
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Idengren, Camilla, and Evelina Johannesson. "Ett tyst rop på hjälp : en litteraturstudie om hur sjuksköterskan kan identifiera barnmisshandel." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för vårdvetenskap på grundnivå, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-5118.
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Background: Corporal punishment has been banned in Sweden since 1979. Child abuse is known to exist in all cultures and social classes in our society. Therefore the nurse must be aware of this working with children. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how nurses' can identify signs and symptoms of child abuse. Method: A literature review of ten articles containing six quantitative and four qualitative studies published between the years of 2000 and 2012. A content analysis was performed where similarities emerged in themes and subthemes. Results: The findings were signs and symptoms which concerns physical, psychological and social behaviors seen in child abuse. Additional findings were; an insecurity and lack of knowledge among nurses working with children. Experienced nurses believed to be more confident than less experienced nurses in identifying abused children and adolescents. Conclusion: Nurses' ought to have a holistic and ethical approach towards evaluating child abuse. It's important to have in mind that child abuse appears in great variety in physical, physiological and social aspects. Nurses' expressed the need of clearer guidelines in how to identify child abuse and common risk factors.
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Paillard, Alise M. Berg. "Validity and utility of a child-find system for the early identification and referral of young children at risk for mental health disabilities /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113021.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 215-234). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Lenhardt, Thomas T. "An investigation of weapon focus : the influence of schema roles on children's and adults' eyewitness memory." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1313637.
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Previous research on the weapon focus effect indicates that schematic knowledge plays a large role in adult witnesses' ability to recall details of a crime. This study investigated whether the weapon focus effect would be found in young children (4- and 5- year-olds), whose schemas are less developed than those of adults. An experiment was conducted in which adults and children viewed a videotape depicting a male target stealing money from a woman's purse. In the four conditions, the target's apparent occupation and the objects that he held were manipulated, so that only one condition depicted a schema inconsistency between his occupation and the object. After watching the videotape, the participants were interviewed for details regarding the target's physical appearance and the object. As predicted, the schema inconsistency resulted in decreased recall accuracy for both children and adults. These results suggest that the weapon focus effect can be generalized to young children and that their eyewitness accounts are similar to those of adults. Additionally, adults recalled a significantly greater number of details than did the children, which was also predicted. It was interesting and unexpected to find that overall. adults recalled significantly more accurate descriptions than the children. This finding was contradictory to the results of some previous studies on eyewitness memory.Department of Psychological Science
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Jameson, Molly M. "The effect of a weapon on children's and adult's eyewitness memory." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318617.
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The effect of a weapon on memory accuracy for children and adults was examined. One-hundred eighty-six participants (87 7- and 8-year-old children and 99 college undergraduates) viewed one of four videotaped scenes in which a target individual committed a crime while carrying either a weapon that was consistent or inconsistent with his schema role or a neutral non-weapon that was consistent with his role. Participants were individually interviewed about the target's physical appearance. The results indicated that participants of both age groups were less accurate when the target individual carried a weapon that was inconsistent rather than consistent with his schema role. The results also indicated that adults were more accurate overall than children. These findings are consistent with previous findings on weapon focus effect and add to our knowledge of the development of memory.Department of Psychological Science
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Heath, Robert Steven. "Perceived Parental Nurturance, Parent Identification and Sex-Role Orientation for Female Victims of Sexual Abuse." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332027/.
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This study examined the perception of parental nurturance, the parental identification, and the sex-role orientation of women who had been sexually abused as children. Its purpose was to explore these aspects of a woman's relationship with her parents and the subsequent sex role development, as it relates to the presence or absence of sexual abuse in the relationship. Eighty women averaging 31 years of age volunteered to participate in the study. The women represented three distinct populations with respect to the question of sexual abuse. The first group reported never having been sexually abused (Nonabused). The second group reported having been sexually abused by their father or stepfather (Father Abused). The third group reported having been sexually abused by someone other than their father or stepfather (Other Abused). As predicted, perceived parental nurturance was significantly lower for members of the Father Abused group than for the remaining two groups. In addition, the Nonabused group reported the highest nurturance scores of the three groups. Contrary to expectation, there was no difference between the parent identification patterns of the three groups. Support was provided for the prediction that women who had been sexually abused by their fathers were more likely to express undifferentiated sex roles than androgynous ones. Women not abused by their fathers were more likely to express androgynous sex roles than undifferentiated ones. Limitations of the study and implications of the results were discussed.