Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Child behaviour'
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Lindquist, Jennifer Ella Lynn. "Family stress and child behaviour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34493.pdf.
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Swann, Margaret Alice. "Temperament, behaviour and mother-child interaction in child abusing families." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335962.
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Stadler, Sophia. "Child disruptive behaviour problems, problem perception and help-seeking behaviour." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26942.
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Disruptive behaviour problems in early childhood are found to be associated with many negative long-term outcomes, such as antisocial behaviour, adolescent delinquency, and substance abuse (Kellam, Werthamer-Larsson & Dolan (1991), as cited in Butler, 2005:1). Even after adolescence this arises, for, as Vogel (2008:16) states the 'frequency of behavioural problems or challenging behaviour among the youth of today often predicts the size of our future prison population'. These findings clearly highlight the importance of early identification of behavioural problems, adequate preventative intervention (Butler, 2005:1) and the necessity for early intervention to prevent their continuity, since behaviour problems are found to worsen without treatment (Loeber, 1982, cited in Butler, 2005:1). The goal of this study is to gain an understanding of disruptive behaviour in primary school learners. To achieve this goal, the objectives of this are to explore the nature of child disruptive behaviour problems; to explore parents and teachers' problem perception of child disruptive behaviour; to explore the problem threshold of parents and teachers toward child disruptive behaviour; and to explore their help-seeking behaviour. The study's aim, therefore, is to better understand and gain more insight in child disruptive behaviour problems before a threshold is reached by parents and teachers and help is sought from social service professionals. The study uses an exploratory qualitative research design to gain insight into child disruptive behaviour problems, problem perceptions and help-seeking behaviour in the Southern Cape Karoo District in the Western Cape. Child disruptive behaviour patterns were analysed along a three-point continuum (from less severe - 'preventative'; to moderate - 'early intervention'; and most severe - 'statutory') based, on problem perceptions of parents, teachers and social service professionals. In addition, the present study examines parents and teachers' problem thresholds to identify help-seeking behaviour and sources. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants according to appropriation and availability. Parents and teachers were contacted to participate voluntarily in the research from schools in the area - Acacia Primary School, Baartmansfontein Primary School, Buffelsriver Private Primary School and Matjiesfontein Primary School. The social service professionals who participated consisted of social workers, social auxiliary workers and police officials from the Department of Social Development, Child Welfare SA and the South African Police Service. The study consisted of a broad range of child ages and parental ages. Parent participants also included biological and foster parents. Data was gathered by means of a semi-structured interview schedule administered during 24 individual interviews. The schedule is based on information obtained from the literature review relevant to the models and theories selected. Previous research done by Jessica Hankinson in 2009 in America on child psychopathology, parental problem perception, and help-seeking behaviours was used as a reference for creating the data collection tool, since she also focused on child behavioural problems and used similar models in the theories. This tool was created in such a way as to be relevant to the South African context. The findings confirmed the serious nature of child disruptive behaviour amongst primary school learners, including abusive behaviour, assault, bullying, fighting, swearing, theft, criminal involvement, substance abuse, truancy and school dropouts. The participants were found to be able to perceive their child's problem behaviour and to perceive themselves to be competent parents in dealing with disruptive behaviour. Child disruptive behaviour was found to have a significant effect on classroom learning. Despite legislation banning this, the participants still resort to punitive corrective measures. Stigma related to professional services and the privacy of the family are found to be very relevant in help-seeking efforts. This lead to the conclusion that child disruptive behaviour may become a normal and acceptable phenomenon, and thus leads to late reporting - and social services being contacted only as a last resort. The most important recommendation resulting from the study indicates that there is a need for prevention and early intervention services for child disruptive behaviour. This should address the escalation of the behaviour that later results in the need for statutory services. The study further indicates that various sectors (social workers, teachers, community structures and the departments) need to collaborate and form partnerships in order to enhance the early reporting of children in need and the accessibility and availability of services rendered in rural areas. This could enhance the early identification, reporting and service delivery in order to find problem resolutions.
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Sacker, Amanda. "Longitudinal models of maladaptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361262.
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Tantam, Grace. "Directly observed parenting behaviours and their effect on child literacy and behaviour." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521764.
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Domoney, J. "Early father-child interactions and behaviour problems." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1406919/.
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Many development trajectories leading to maladaptive outcomes begin in infancy and toddlerhood. With more fathers caring for their children from a younger age there is a need to understand the associations between paternal behaviour and child development. This thesis will explore the relationship between father-child interaction and child outcomes in the early years. Part one is a review of the literature looking at the association between father-child interaction in the preschool years and child outcomes across social, behavioural, cognitive and linguistic domains. The key question addressed is, ‘Do father-child interactions in the preschool years predict later child outcomes?’ Part two of the thesis reports findings from a longitudinal cohort study looking at the associations between father-child interactions and child behaviour across the first two years. Specifically, it examines cross-sectional and longitudinal correlations between father-child interaction, infant temperament and externalizing behaviours, including exploring the direction of effects between fathers and their children. Part three is a critical appraisal of the research process which considers the issues that arise in translating complex family dynamics into quantifiable variables, including issues of measurement and researcher subjectivity.
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Lua, Sok Hong. "Children's temperament and mother-child interactions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259939.
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Lindquist, Barbro. "Hydrocephalus in children : cognition and behaviour /." Göteborg : Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/2557.
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Panter, David C. "Child social relations and gender." Thesis, Open University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235677.
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Lorenc, Diana. "An investigation of mothers' attributions and affective and behavioural responses to pre-school children's problem behaviour : a group comparative study." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57703/.
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An independent groups comparative design was used to investigate mothers' attributions and affective-behavioural responses in relation to their pre-school child's problem behaviour. Mothers' beliefs about the age at which children develop aspects of social understanding and skills was also investigated. One group involved mothers whose pre-school child was identified as presenting with a behaviour problem, a second group involved' mothers of a 'non-problem' pre-school child. A premise of the research, however, was that all young children will at times present their parents with behaviour management problems. Participants were recruited from a number of sources, predominantly within community settings. Twenty-one participants were assigned to each group. The main findings were that groups differed significantly in terms of the extent to which participants believed their child had misbehaved in order to deliberately upset them, with problem group participants rating their child as having acted more intentionally. There was some evidence that groups also differed in relation to the extent to which they believed their cnild had control over the causes of their misbehaviour, with non-problem group participants rating their child as having more control. No group differences were found in terms of mothers' estimates of the age at which children develop a range of skills and understanding. Groups were also found to differ significantly in the number of child misbehaviour incidents they resolved and the type of behaviour response strategies used. Participants in the non-problem group were more likely to use 'co-operative' responses than those in the problem group. There was also a suggestion of some differences between groups in terms of reported affective responses to child misbehaviour. Results are discussed in relation to previous research and relevant theoretical literature. Implications for clinical practice and directions for future research are suggested.
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Roberts, Siwan Mair. "Carer-child relationships and externalising behaviour in childhood." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589381.
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Looked after children (LAC) are more likely than peers to have experienced insecure or disorganised attachment relationships with their parents. They are at risk of developing mental health difficulties, and are seven times more likely than peers to meet criteria for conduct disorder (CD). Outcomes are poor for LAC in the UK. The literature review included an exploration of the extent to which externalising behaviour (EB) was associated with attachment security in childhood. EB was defined as behaviour that is anti-social, aggressive, oppositional or destructive. Three electronic databases were searched. Seven studies, from community settings, reached criteria and all were published since a recent meta-analysis. A clear link was found between children's attachment styles and rates of EBs. Mechanisms contributing to this link included children's ability to regulate emotions and to understand mental states, contextual adversity, and parental psychopathology. The empirical paper consisted of a report on a qualitative study conducted with foster carers about their perceptions of their looked after child's behaviours, and of their relationship with the child. Four main themes were extracted from interview transcripts: (i.) Children's current behavioural presentation, (ii.) Carers' skills and achievements, (iii.) Belonging, and (iv.) Feeling let down by services. Foster carers had a range of useful skills to manage children's' difficult behaviours, but were reporting to be in need of more effective support and training opportunities. It is recommended that the UK care system places more emphasis on forming authentic relationships with young people and their carers. Carers would appreciate services that are less risk averse, and with a common sense approach.
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Dave, Shreya. "Paternal depressed mood and child behaviour and development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/16647/.
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Introduction: Fathers are important to child development and behaviour. Maternal depression is associated with adverse child development and behaviour, but there is relatively little research on paternal depression and child outcome. Methods: A pilot phase assessed feasibility of recruiting fathers of young children via healthcare settings (N=194), and explored the association between paternal depressed mood and infant temperament (N=19). A cross-sectional study of biological fathers, mothers and 4-6 year old children assessed prevalence of a DSM IV paternal depressive syndrome (N=365); compared father and mother ratings of child behaviour on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (N=248); and assessed associations between a paternal depressive syndrome and child behaviour problems on the SDQ, and child consultations with health professionals for behaviour and developmental problems (N=248). Finally, a qualitative and observational study explored parenting attitudes and behaviours among fathers with and without depressed mood (N=22). Results: It was cost-effective to recruit fathers via primary care (41% response, cost £3 per father) and hospital postnatal wards (76% response, cost £8 per father). Paternal depressed mood was associated with a difficult/fussy infant temperament at six months postpartum (coefficient 3.96, SE 0.99, p=0.003). Fathers of 4-6 year old children had a 3.3% and 4.7% prevalence for a DSM IV major and other depressive syndrome respectively. On the SDQ there was higher parental agreement on normal/borderline compared with abnormal child behaviours, however overall agreement was fair. A major paternal depressive syndrome was associated with child prosocial behaviour problems (adjusted OR 8.29, 95% CI 0.98-70.04, p=0.052) and peer problems (adjusted OR 36.31, 95% CI 1.66-792.70, p=0.022), and enhanced child consultations for speech and language (adjusted OR 8.67, 95% CI 1.99-37.67, p=0.004) and externalising behaviour problems (adjusted OR 6.98, 95% CI 1.00-48.76, p=0.050) among 4-6 year olds. Fathers with major depressed mood reported negative, detached and potentially intrusive parenting behaviours. Conclusion: A larger longitudinal study is recommended to investigate the trajectory of the effects of paternal depression on child behaviour and development, elucidate causal mechanisms and assess the individual and cumulative effects of paternal and maternal depression on children.
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Piotrowska, Patrycja J. "Social inequalities in child and adolescent antisocial behaviour." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8121/.
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A number of studies have demonstrated a social gradient in antisocial behaviour, with children from low-socioeconomic backgrounds exhibiting more behavioural difficulties than those from high-socioeconomic families. However, this relationship has not always been reported and estimates of association vary in magnitude across the studies. Moreover, a range of studies have highlighted the indirect nature of this relationship and examined potential mediating variables. It remains unclear whether socioeconomic status (SES) presents similar associations with a range of heterogeneous forms of antisocial behaviour in terms of their gradient and underlying mechanisms. Three studies were conducted to address the nature of the relationship between family SES and children’s antisocial behaviour. In Study 1 (Chapter 2), an extensive systematic review and meta-analysis reported that SES can be considered a major correlate of broadly conceptualised antisocial behaviour and the strength of this relationship is a function of the type of informant and the construct under investigation; stronger relationships were found when antisocial behaviour was reported by parents or teachers, and when callous-unemotional traits were considered as an outcome. Study 2 (Chapter 3) investigated the level, direction, and homogeneity of the impact of household income upon different types of antisocial behaviour in a series of structural equation models using the B-CAMHS 2004 dataset. This study showed that income gradients are similar across a range of antisocial behaviours (such as irritability, aggressive behaviours, callous-unemotional traits), and that income may lead to greater behavioural differences in the mid-income range, and less variation at low- and high-income extremes. Study 3 (Chapter 4) concerns models delineating potential mechanisms indicating that unhealthy family functioning, neighbourhood disadvantage, stressful life events and children’s reading and spelling abilities mediate the relationship between income and antisocial behaviour. The findings arising from the three studies described and their collective contribution are considered in terms of current literature; further theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Williams, Deirdre. "Cognitive functioning in children with language impairment and/or hyperactivity." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320779.
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Aytac, Berna. "The mother-child relationship and child behaviour : a comparison of Turkish and English families." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47857/.
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The overarching goal of this thesis was to compare the mother-child relationship and child behaviour across cultures. The three articles in this thesis were part of a multi-method investigation comparing England (an individualistic culture) and Turkey (a collectivistic culture). Accounts from two children and their mothers were obtained from 218 two-parent families in total. Mothers completed questionnaires, children were interviewed using the Berkeley Puppet Interview, and observations recorded during various play tasks. The study was unique as it recorded the perspectives of mothers and young children aged from 4 to 8 in each family across cultures. Results showed that English mothers used more positive methods of discipline with their older children, and reported less conflict with both of their children compared to Turkish mothers. In contrast, English children reported more anger and hostility from their mothers than did their Turkish peers (Paper 1). Cultural differences in maternal values partially explained these differences in positive discipline and anger and hostility (Paper 1). Using structural equation modelling, partial cross-cultural measurement invariance for parenting and child adjustment was revealed (Paper 2), and a stronger association between parenting and child adjustment was found for the English versus Turkish families (Paper 2). Finally, multi-level modelling yielded significant prediction of children's adjustment from both family-wide and child-specific aspects of parenting (Paper 3). The implications of the findings include appreciating different perspectives of parenting when conducting cross-cultural research (Paper 1); the culturally distinct meanings of both parent and child adjustment should be considered when interpreting their association (Paper 2); and that differential parenting within families can also have distinct cultural meaning (Paper 3). Future research would benefit from exploring within-and between-cultural differences in parent-child relationships further, across multiple countries, over time and in larger samples.
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Lyons, Karen. "Expectations for parental and stepparental behaviour toward children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30856.
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This study examined participants' expectations for parental and stepparental responsibilities with respect to child care. Seventy-nine female and seventy-five male participants completed the Parenting Expectations Questionnaire. Participants read a brief scenario about a first married family; a stepmother/biological father family; or a stepfather/biological mother family. They then assigned responsibility for 38 child care tasks on a 5-point scale from "man always" to "woman always". The general findings were: 1) participants assigned less responsibility to stepparents (stepmothers and stepfathers) for child care than they assigned to biological parents; 2) there was less consensus about appropriate "parental" behaviour for stepparents as compared to that for first married parents; and 3) participants with stepfamily experience assigned less responsibility to stepparents than did participants from first married families.Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Hochbaum, Christine Valerie. "Child health status as a correlate of child behavioural outcomes : the mediating effect of parenting style." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2491.
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The purpose of this investigation is to test the mediational effect of parenting style on the association between child health status and child behavioural outcomes in children. Using cross-sectional data of children 4 and 5 years old from National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) Cycle 4 2000-2001 the paper explores the degree to which child health status is related to child behavioural outcomes. In addition, the present study investigates the extent to which child health status is linked to parenting style. Another aim of this study is to explore the association between parenting style and child behavioural outcomes. Child outcome measures assessed in this study include: hyperactivity-inattention, emotional-disorder anxiety, conduct disorder — physical aggression, and indirect aggression. Child health status is assessed using the Health Utility Index Mark 3. The Health Utility Index gives a description of an individual's overall functional health, founded on eight attributes that include: vision, hearing, speech, mobility, dexterity, cognition, emotion, pain and discomfort. Parenting style is measured using several parenting scales that consist of: positive interaction, hostile/ineffective parenting, consistent parenting, and rational (punitive/aversive) parenting. Statistical analysis was conducted using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and logistic regression to test the conceptual model and the significance of relationships between the variables of interest. There was partial support for the mediational model of parenting style on the association between child health status and children behavioural outcomes. Specifically, both ineffective and rational parenting each showed a mediational effect. Child health status and child behavioural outcomes were found to have a strong relationship to each other. However, ineffective parenting was more strongly related to child behavoiural outcomes than child health status. This suggests that children that are exposed to ineffective parenting are at greater risk for developing behavioural difficulties than children receiving other forms of parenting. Moreover, children who receive this type of parenting and have poorer health are at even greater risk for developing these behavioural problems. However, these conclusions are tentative as the directionality of these relationships is uncertain because of the cross-section design of this study.
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Karling, Mats. "Child behaviour and pain after hospitalization, surgery and anaesthesia." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-917.
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Walker, Lorraine. "Application of the integrative causal model of anti-social behaviour to the behaviour problems of pre-school children." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273340.
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Parkinson, Kathryn N. "Feeding behaviour in late infancy." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1055/.
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Smith, Colin A. "The child support payment behaviour of noncustodial fathers, and the impact of child support payments on the behaviour of British lone mothers : econometric analyses." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395098.
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Smith, David. "The politics of young children's behaviour." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387232.
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Leung, Nicola. "The relationship between social support, child behaviour and maternal depression /." Title page, summary and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsl653.pdf.
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Legge, Katherine. "Parental self-compassion, attributions of child behaviour and sensitive responding." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/13841.
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Background/aims. Self-compassion is an approach of kindness towards the self; encompassing self-kindness, common humanity and mindfulness (Neff, 2003b). It is thought to enable awareness that suffering is common within human experience, encouraging compassion for others. Parental sensitivity and attributions are considered to influence parent-child relationships and have been negatively associated with depression. This study aimed to explore associations between parent self-compassion, attributions of child behaviour and sensitive responding in recurrently depressed parents. Methods/participants. This was a correlational design using baseline data from a feasibility randomised controlled trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy. The 38 participants had experienced recurrent major depressive episodes, were in remission and had at least one child between two and six years old. Self-compassion was measured by the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003b). Parent attributions of child behaviour were assessed by semi-structured interviews and rated using the Attributions Measure (S. Scott & M. Dadds, personal communication, 2009). Sensitivity was assessed using a parent-child observation task and rated by the Coding of Attachment-Related Parenting (Matias, Scott & O’Connor, 2006). Results. Findings show significant correlations between higher SCS total scores and external attributions of positive or negative valence. The SCS subscale self-judgement was significantly negatively correlated with sensitivity. Conclusion. In conclusion, higher self-compassion was positively associated with external attributions of child behaviour in either situation. Parents with higher levels of self-compassion also showed positive associations with sensitivity. These associations support current theories suggesting self-compassion could be positively associated with parenting. Areas for future research and clinical implications are considered.
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Anker, Regine Angelika. "The association between early maternal responsiveness and later child behaviour." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/13322.
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A baby’s early experiences have a crucial effect on their later development and adjustment. Early maternal sensitivity is a concept which has been associated with a crucial influence on these later child outcomes, including behavioural outcomes. Results from large longitudinal population based studies have provided conflicting evidence in relation to early maternal sensitivity, particularly sensitivity to non-distress, and later child behaviour and a need for further research in this area exists. The current study investigated early maternal sensitivity and its association with later child behaviour in a UK based population sample using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The study used a subsample of 766 mother-infant pairs who had data on observed maternal responsiveness at 12 months and on child behavioural difficulties derived from the Revised Rutter Parent Scale for Preschool Children at 42 months. Data for a number of potentially confounding variables, including maternal and child-based variables were also included in the analysis. Hypotheses were tested regarding an association between lower maternal responsiveness and higher child behavioural difficulties as well as regarding associations with further behavioural subscales of the Rutter scale, including a prosocial behaviour subscale. Results were analysed using a linear regression model with adjustments for groups of confounding variables. There was no evidence to support a relationship between lower maternal responsiveness and higher behavioural difficulties at 42 months although there was suggestion of a trend in the expected direction. Similar results were found for the subscales of the Rutter scale. The conclusion is that maternal sensitivity measured in this way does not have a strong relationship with child behaviour. One interpretation of these results is that there is a need to distinguish between maternal sensitivity to non-distress and to distress and ensure that the appropriate aspect of maternal sensitivity in relation to child behavioural outcomes is assessed. Limitations of the study are discussed and the effects of potential improvements are considered.
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Pietersen, Marisa. "Child care workers' management of sexualised behaviour displayed by children in residential child and youth care centres." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1644.
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Children have been shown to respond differently to the hurt that they suffer at the hands of others. Some of these responses involve internalised behaviours (i.e., repression of feelings, bodily symptoms, etc.); whilst others hurt manifest as externalised behaviours, such as physical attacks on others. These may include sexualised behaviours. The latter is particularly common amongst (but not restricted to) children who have been sexually abused (The American Psychological Association, 2001). For the purposes of this study a distinction is made between developmentally appropriate sexual behaviour and non normative sexualised behaviour which evoke complaints from and discomfort in those involved in the behaviour. The manifestation of these sexualised behaviours is especially pronounced amongst children in institutional care; and hence, it calls for constructive and effective management by the child care workers who are primarily responsible for their safe care and behaviour modification whilst in the institution. This qualitative study – with an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design – served to explore how the child care workers’ effective management of such behaviours could be enhanced, so that the emotional wellbeing of both the “offender” and the “perpetrator” of this behaviour can be promoted. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit research participants from three different child and youth care centres in Port Elizabeth. A total number of 10 research participants were involved and data was collected up to the point of data saturation. Thematic content analysis was utilised for the analysis of the data and the necessary strategies were employed to enhance the trustworthiness of the data and to meet all the ethical requirements of the study. The main findings alert to the key requirements of Child and Youth Care Workers; it confirms the occurrence of sexualised behaviours; the urgent need for a consistent approach to the management of such behaviours; and for enhanced team work between the helping professionals in the team. The value of the study is embedded in the contributions it can make to practical interventions for children in institutional care, and to the sparse body of knowledge in this area.
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Greig, Anne Denise. "Communication at playgroup : a relationships approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385642.
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Petersmeyer, Claudia. "Adolescent risk behaviour as related to parenting styles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0003/NQ32763.pdf.
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Meins, Elizabeth. "The correlates and consequences of infant attachment behaviour." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260355.
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Gardner, F. "Observational study of preschool children with behaviour problems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376910.
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Arney, Fiona Marie. "A comparison of direct observation and self- report measures of parenting behaviour." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37713.
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The importance of parenting behaviour as a risk factor for the development and persistence of externalising behaviour problems, and as a focus for early interventions, has led to a desire for the accurate measurement of parenting attitudes and practices. Several methods of measuring parenting behaviour have been employed in theoretical research and program evaluation, including self-report and observational measures. Both of these methods have advantages and limitations, but a systematic comparison of self-reports and observations of parenting behaviour has not been conducted. This study compared self- reports and observations of parental responsiveness and control in a sample of 68 parents of preschool children in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. Videotaped observations of parents interacting with their children in four set tasks (free play, drawing, pack-up and no distraction) were interval-sampled using behavioural items that paralleled self- report items on the Parenting Scale and the Child-Rearing Practices Questionnaire. In addition, parents completed questionnaires about their child's behaviour and temperament, and factors associated with parenting behaviour including parental psychopathology, social support, marital adjustment, disagreements about child-rearing and demographic characteristics. Reports of children's behaviour at preschool were also obtained from teachers. When the correlations between corresponding behaviour domains on the self-report and observational measures were compared, the only significant correlation was for parental warmth. Observations of parental control practices (such as permissiveness, inconsistency and overreactivity) were not significantly associated with self-reports of these behaviours. The observational system used in this study yielded observations of permissive and inconsistent parenting that had good validity and reliability, whereas self-reports of harsh and overreactive parenting practices were more validly and reliably assessed using self-report methods. Self-reports and observations of responsive parenting practices demonstrated results that are more equivocal. Possible explanations for these results and the implications for the use of self-report and observational measures in parenting research are discussed.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Department of Psychiatry, 2005.
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Chalifoux, Mathieu. "The Contribution of Child Behaviour Problems to the Health of Caregivers." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32246.
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Caregivers of children with health problems have been demonstrated to show poorer physical and psychological health than caregivers of healthy children. It has been suggested that child behavioural problems are key and account for a large proportion of the variance in caregiver health. Currently, the relation between behaviour problems and caregiver health remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis and a secondary data analysis using national data to describe and compare the associations between internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems and caregiver health. Meta-analytical results suggest an association between child behaviour problems and parental stress, depression, and presence of psychiatric symptoms. National data analyses suggested an important association between child behaviour problems, particularly externalizing behaviour problems, and caregiver physical and psychological health when accounting for socioeconomic variables. Results suggest mothers may be more impacted than fathers, and that externalizing behaviour problems may contribute to bigger caregiver health effects than internalizing behaviour problems.
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Kelly, Louise A. "Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in young children." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1521/.
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Study 1: Aims: Compare the uniaxial MTI/CSA accelerometer and the biaxial Actiwatch accelerometer against direct observation of total physical activity and minute-by-minute physical activity in 3-4 year olds. Methods: MTI/CSA-7164 and Actiwatch accelerometers simultaneously measured activity during 35-45 minute sessions of structured play in 78, 3-4 year olds. Rank order correlations between accelerometry and direct observation were used to assess the ability of the accelerometers to assess total activity. Within-child minute-by-minute correlations were calculated between accelerometry output and direct observation. Results: For assessment of total activity MTI/CSA output was significantly positively correlated with direct observation (r 0.72, p<0.001), Actiwatch was not (r 0.16, p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study suggests that for epidemiological assessment of total physical activity in young children the MTI/CSA-7164 provides greater accuracy than the Actiwatch. Study 2: Aim: To cross-validate the 1100 counts/ minute cut-off for the assessment of sedentary behaviour in an independent sample of young children using the MTI/CSA accelerometer. Methods: A previously developed cut-off for MTI-CSA accelerometry output (validation study) in 30 healthy Scottish 3-4 year olds, was cross-validated against direct observation in an independent sample of (n = 52) healthy Scottish 3-4 year olds. Results: In the cross-validation study sensitivity was 83%: 438/528 inactive minutes were correctly classified. Specificity was 82%: 1251/1526 non-inactive minutes were correctly classified using this cut-off. Conclusion: Sedentary behaviour can be quantified objectively in young children using accelerometry.
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Heath, Fiona. "Attachment style as a predictor of maternal report of child behaviour /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19065.pdf.
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Antwi, William Kwadwo. "Child protection in Ghana : exploring the perception and behaviour of radiographers." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.713518.
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Aim: This study, which was in two Phases, sought to explore the cultural understanding amongst Ghanaian radiographers of the concepts of child abuse and child protection (Phase 1) and how they perceived and participated in child protection within the health system in Ghana (Phase 2). Methods: Data was collected using phenomenological methodology. Open ended questionnaires were used in Phase 1 and semi-structured interviews in Phase 2. Participants were radiographers who were selected using purposive sampling. Data was thematically analysed and managed with NVivo Version 10. Themes developed formed the basis of the discussion. Results: Results showed that participants understood the concepts of child abuse and child protection differently. The majority of participants sought further information through history taking to gain insight into child’s diagnosis. Participants were found to trade their professional values against their behavioural beliefs in culture and superstition by indicating the fear of spiritual attacks when they intervened to help a child. Participants reported barriers such as training deficits, lack of knowledge in reporting regulations, and the absence of a framework or structures in place to guide child physical abuse management. The results showed that the majority of participants were ignorant of the role of the social worker in identified child physical abuse. Additionally, there was no teamwork in the majority of the hospitals in the management of child physical abuse. Conclusions: From the various findings, this study argues that the apparent unanimity of child abuse definition was inconclusive in this setting. The meanings assigned to child protection by participants contradicted their behaviour towards child protection. Participants’ behaviour towards child protection was congruent with the theory of panned behaviour and social exchange theory. Fear, lack of direction and collaboration characterised the management of child physical abuse.
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Nyarko, Philomena Efua. "Child survival in Ghana : current determinants and relationships with fertility behaviour." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299415.
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Porter, Tara J. A. "The prevention of child sexual abuse : mothers' knowledge, feelings and behaviour." Thesis, University of East London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532414.
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The focus in child sexual abuse work has been on the identification and treatment of the victim. Less emphasis has been placed, in Clinical Psychology generally and in relation to child sexual abuse particularly, on prevention. This is not true of the United States, where there is an extensive policy of school education / prevention programmes. The utility of these can be questioned and there has been a move to engage parents as the primary educator of children about sexual abuse. However, this can only go ahead if the knowledge and behaviours of parents are understood. In this present study, the aim was to explore the knowledge, feelings and attitudes of British sample of mothers to child sexual abuse and it's prevention. To the achievement of this broad aim, quantitative and qualitative methodologies were employed in parallel, by the use of a questionnairea nd focus groups. The results suggested that this sample of mothers were relatively knowledgeable about the sexual abuse, and that although they saw it having serious consequences did not worry about it too much. Mothers' preventive behaviours were focused in the areas of talking to their children, checking out situations where abuse may occur, supervising their children, and watching out for the signs of sexual abuse. However, there did not seem to be any direct or simple relationship between the mothers knowledge and their behaviour, in that facts such as perpetrators are generally known to children are not taken into account when the mothers are protecting their children. The reasons for this are considered in relation to psychologicaltheory. It is clear that there is an absence of constructive strategies which mothers can employ to protect their children, and choices may be being limited by the absence of a popular, nonfearful discourse about sexual abuse. Communication around sexual abuse should be an aim for prevention of sexual abuse, both to break the fear, secrecy and blame that currently exists, and to challenge the status quo in which interventions are focused on the victim rather than the perpetrator. This research is critically evaluated, and the directions for future research are outlined
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Badham, Rachel. "The impact of inflated responsibility and maternal reassurance on child behaviour." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47882/.
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Background: Cognitive models of OCD propose that cognitions such as ‘inflated responsibility’ have a causal role in the persistence of OCD symptoms. Research is mounting to support the applicability of these models to children, although the models do not take into account family context. Parents are often involved in accommodating their child’s OCD through the provision of reassurance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal inflated responsibility and maternal reassurance and secondly, the relationship between maternal reassurance and child OCD-behaviours. Method: Sixty children and their mothers were recruited from schools and the children completed a sweet sorting task in which their responsibility was inflated. Maternal responsibility was manipulated across three conditions; ‘high inflation’, ‘low inflation’ and ‘control’ (where mothers were not present during the sorting task). Child and maternal behaviours were examined from video-recordings of the task. It was hypothesised that mothers whose responsibility was inflated would offer more reassurance to their children and furthermore, their children would seek more reassurance and engage in more OCD-type behaviours. Results: The findings did not support the hypotheses as the manipulation did not have a significant effect on maternal reassurance giving. Contrary to the hypothesis, there was a trend for mothers in the ‘low’ group to offer more reassurance to their child than mothers in the ‘high’ group. No differences were found between groups for child behaviours. Children in the control group took significantly longer to complete the task than the others. Conclusions: The study was not able to provide support for a causal role of maternal reassurance in relation to their child’s behaviour. Limitations of the manipulation that may account for these findings are identified and suggestions are made for methodological improvements. Successfully demonstrating causal mechanisms between parental behaviours and child OCD-behaviours would have significant implications for the prevention and treatment of childhood OCD.
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Wator, Jagoda. "Inflated responsibility and maternal reassurance : impact on child and mother behaviour." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/24515/.
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Syce, Sondré Chrishana. "Exploring caregiver-child communication about risky sexual behaviour in Cape Town." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5002.
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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)The effects of risky sexual behaviour (RSB) amongst adolescents are devastating in South Africa. Recent studies show that parent-child (PC) communication about RSB is associated with positive outcomes such as delayed sexual debut and increased autonomy among adolescents. There are however challenges on how to define caregivers within the South African context due the historical background of South Africa such as Apartheid and labour migration. For the purposes of this study, caregivers would be regarded as individuals who the have sole responsibility of caring for a child. The aim of this study was to explore caregiver-child communication in relation to RSB to gain an in-depth and contextualized understanding of how South African families interact, feel and experience their communication and the challenges they face, it therefore uses a qualitative approach. These aims translate into the following objectives a) exploring the process of communication i.e. how they communicate in terms of style, content, timing and frequency b) exploring the experiences of communication of RSB for both caregivers and children in terms of their thoughts and feelings as well as the challenges faced. Conducting focus group discussions and individual interviews was the method of data collection. Four focus groups (two focus groups with male adolescents and two focus groups with female adolescents) were conducted as well as three individual interviews with caregivers a total of 23 participants were used. Both groups of participants are of mixed racial backgrounds and from the Northern sub district of Cape Town. The data was analyzed by using thematic analysis. All ethical principles were adhered to. This study found mothers to be an influential source of sexual communication with their children and this communication hinged more on the health risks of early sexual debut and negative social outcomes. Caregivers highlight the barriers to communication with their adolescents which create caregiver anxiety and avoidance of sexual communication. School has also been identified as highly influential to both caregivers and adolescents especially with regards to the biological and physiological aspects of sex education. Two types ‘educational systems’ have been identified within the South African context. The impact of these systems on the quality of education and nature of the resources provided to both caregivers and learners are discussed in relation to sexual education and communication. The community and extended family of the participants are very involved in the socialisation of the adolescents in this study and often assist caregivers. Caregiver monitoring is the most utilized strategy used to ensure that adolescent whereabouts and activities are known at all times. Possible interventions such as additional strategies for caregivers to consider and communication workshops for caregivers and educators are discussed. The limitations of this study such as the limited amount of caregivers interviewed and the lack of male caregiver insight were identified and recommendations for future studies are provided.
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Gervis, Misia. "An investigation into the emotional responses of child athletes to their coach's behaviour from a child maltreatment perspective." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6560.
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Millions of children participate in sport and through their participation come into contact with coaches who are there to guide and support them. However, it has been observed that not all children’s relationships with their coaches have been positive ones, and concerns have been raised about the nature of the child-athlete relationship within the sports context. This research sought to use theory from child maltreatment research and apply it within a sports context to investigate perceived child athlete experiences. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to investigate retrospectively athletes’ perceptions of, and emotional responses to their coach’s behaviour. The initial study used qualitative method to establish if key theoretical frameworks from outside sport had a resonance and relevance within a sports context. Twelve elite athletes, all of whom had been identified as ‘elite’ when children reported that they had experienced negative coaching behaviour on a frequent basis they also reported negative emotional responses to this behaviour, and emotional problems as a consequence of how they were coached when they were children. Study Two (n=229), focused on broadening the research to access a larger population of athletes in order to examine their perceptions and experiences of being coached. In order to achieve this aim a new questionnaire, the Sport Emotional Response Questionnaire (SER-Q), was developed. The SER-Q was grounded in the real-life experiences of those athletes in Study One, and as such represented their expert opinions of their coaches’ behaviour. Through factor analysis, a 22-item questionnaire was established which measured frequency of negative (i.e. emotionally abusive) coach behaviour, athletes’ emotional response and perceived effect on performance. Results from this study showed that frequency of negative coach behaviour and emotional response were significantly and negatively correlated such that, as the frequency increased so did the negative emotional response. Study Three (n=314), was a confirmatory study, and found similar results to Study Two. Study Four (n=543), sought to investigate, through the SER-Q, specific questions in relation to: competitive level, athlete gender, and type of sport (either team or individual) and gender of the coach. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between athlete gender, type of sport and coach gender. However, significant results were found in relation to competitive level. Elite athletes (international-level and national-level) reported experiencing significantly more frequent negative coach behaviour: they also reported a greater negative emotional response to it than any of the non-elite (recreational-level, club-level and regional-level) groups. Finally, Study Five examined the perceived performance effect, and found a significant negative relationship with frequency, such that has the frequency increased so did the perceived negative performance effect; and a significant positive relationship with emotional response. Further results from this Study Five also found that there were only significant differences in relation to competitive level. Again elite athletes reported significantly greater detriments to their perceived performance resulting from their coach’s behaviour than did non-elite athletes. A consistent finding across all the studies was that when athletes reported ‘never’ having experienced emotionally abusive behaviour from their coach, they always reported ‘no emotional response’, and no effect on their performance. Therefore, the SER-Q was able to discriminate between these two populations of athletes. Overall, the findings from these studies have contributed to the development of a theoretical model that describes the process of emotional abuse from a child athlete perspective. Secondly, the findings reveal that elite athletes report different experiences of being coached when children than non-elite athletes. Furthermore, these studies found that theories anchored in family settings can be used to explore issues within a sports setting, and thus the child maltreatment perspective has relevance in developing sports specific theory in relation to the coach-child athlete relationship. A consistent finding across all the studies was that when athletes reported ‘never’ having experienced emotionally abusive behaviour from their coach, they always reported ‘no emotional response’, and no effect on their performance. Therefore, the SER-Q was able to discriminate between these two populations of athletes. Overall, the findings from these studies have contributed to the development of a theoretical model that describes the process of emotional abuse from a child athlete perspective. Secondly, the findings reveal that elite athletes report different experiences of being coached when children than non-elite athletes. Furthermore, these studies found that theories anchored in family settings can be used to explore issues within a sports setting, and thus the child maltreatment perspective has relevance in developing sports specific theory in relation to the coach-child athlete relationship.
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Antwi-Anyimadu, Kofi. "Sexual behaviour of grade eleven students in Cofimvaba, Eastern Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10053.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-82).This study deals with sexual behaviour of adolescents in a rural area of South Africa. The primary objective is to explore the sexual behaviour of rural adolescents, specifically with regard to the first time they engage in sexual intercourse, the number of sexual partners, their use of contraceptives and their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and how this influences their sexual activity. This study also examines how alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, drug and substance use affect adolescent sexuality. Lastly, it explores the influence of religion and family connectedness on adolescent sexuality.
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Alves, Joseneide Lira. "Exploration in the strange situation : an alternative measure of attachment security." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318187.
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Benova, L. "Bad behaviour or 'poor' behaviour? : mechanisms underlying socio-economic inequalities in maternal and child health-seeking in Egypt." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2212898/.
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Background: Health-seeking behaviour is a key contributor to the widespread and unfair inequalities in health outcomes related to socio-economic position. This thesis compared the levels and determinants of maternal and child health-seeking between a national sample and the rural poor in Egypt, and examined whether existing inequalities could be explained by socio-cultural characteristics or ability to afford care. Methods: This quantitative analysis relied on two datasets: the Egypt Demographic and Health Survey from 2008 and a 2010/11 survey of households below the poverty line in rural Upper Egypt. Latent variables capturing several dimensions of socio-economic position were constructed and used in multivariable regression models to predict several dimensions of maternal (antenatal and delivery care) and child (diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection) health-seeking. Results: Latent constructs capturing socio-cultural and economic resources were identified in both datasets. Two further dimensions of socio-economic position in the Upper Egypt sample included dwelling quality and woman’s status. DHS analysis showed that sociocultural and economic capital were independently positively associated with seeking antenatal and delivery care among women, and with seeking timely and private child illness treatment. Free-of-charge public maternal care was not effectively targeted to poorest women. Poor households in Upper Egypt showed lower maternal healthseeking levels than nationally; both socio-cultural and economic resourcefulness positively predicted maternal health-seeking, dwelling quality was positively associated with private provider use, while women’s status was not associated with any dimension of maternal health-seeking behaviour. Conclusion: A better understanding of perceived and objective quality of care in both public and private sectors is required to reduce existing inequalities in the coverage of essential maternal and child health interventions. Improvement in free public care targeting is required to prevent catastrophically high expenditures for basic care among poor households.
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O'Dwyer, Mareesa Vincentia. "Active play and sedentary behaviour in preschool children : from patterns to intervention." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2012. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6118/.
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Physical activity (PA) and reducing the time spent sedentary can favourably impact the health and wellbeing of preschool aged children. Despite the importance of regular P A, objective monitoring studies suggest that young children do not accumulate enough P A to benefit their health. Furthermore, relatively few interventions to promote PA in children under 5 have been rigorously evaluated and intervention studies to date have generated mixed results. The aims of this thesis were to a) assess within-day variability of objectively measured moderate-to- vigorous physical activity (MVP A) during weekdays and weekend days among preschool children; b) investigate the effect of a curricular Active Play intervention on children's sedentary and P A behaviours; and, c) investigate the effect of a family focused Active Play intervention on children's weekday and weekend day sedentary time and total P A. Study 1 Background: Identifying periods of the day which are susceptible to varying levels of P A may help identify key times to intervene and potentially change preschool children's PA behaviours. This study assessed variability of objectively measured MVP A during weekdays and weekend days among preschool children. Method: One hundred and eighty-eight children (aged 3-5 years; 53.2% boys) from a northwest English city wore uni-axial accelerometers for 7 consecutive days. Results: Higher levels of MVP A were recorded in boys, particularly those who attended preschool for a half day. Children who attended preschool for a full day engaged in 11.1 minutes less MVPA than children who attended for a half day. After-school hours were characterised by a decrease in activity for all groups. Patterns of activity during the weekend were smoother with less variability. Conclusion: This study identified discrete segments of the week, specifically afterschool and during the weekend, when preschoolers engage in low levels of PA. Higher levels of MVPA among children who attended preschool for less time each day suggests that the structured preschool environment is related to decreased activity. Consequently, there is a need for interventions in young children to focus on school and home environments. - Study 2 Background: Early childhood is a critical time for the promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviours such as physical activity. Cross-sectional studies suggest that preschool children are not sufficiently active to benefit their health. Few studies have investigated the effect of interventions on physical activity levels and time spent being sedentary in this population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a school-based active play intervention on preschool children's physical activity and sedentary time. Method: Two hundred and forty children were recruited from 12 randomly selected preschools in the North West of England. Six schools were randomly assigned to either an intervention (n=6) or a current practice comparison group (n=6). One teacher in each intervention school received training in the delivery of a 6-week active play programme including active play resources. The training programme was delivered by experienced active play professionals. Comparison schools received the active play resources (but not the training) and were asked to deliver their usual active play provision. Children wore a uni-axial accelerometer for 7 days at baseline, post-test and at 6 months follow up. Whole week sedentary time and physical activity adjusted for pupil- and school- level covariates were analysed using multilevel analyses. Results: No significant intervention effects were observed for sedentary time or physical activity. Sex and hours spent at school were significant predictors of physical activity in this age group, with boys engaging in less sedentary time and more light intensity activity than girls. Children who spent fewer hours at school were significantly more active than those who spent more time at school. BMI, maternal education, child's ethnicity and accelerometer wear time were not associated with activity levels. Conclusion: Physical activity during intervention classes was high. However the six teacher training intervention sessions did not increase physical activity or decrease sedentary time over a week. Specific covariates were identified as having a significant effect on the outcome measures. Moreover, children who spend more time at pre-school were less active suggesting that this setting was not as conducive to physical activity engagement as other environments. Study 3 Background: Early childhood provides a window of opportunity for the promotion of physical activity. Given the limited effectiveness of interventions to date, new approaches are needed. Socio-ecological models suggest that involving parents as intervention targets may be effective in fostering healthier lifestyles in children. This study describes the effectiveness of a family-focused' Active Play' intervention in decreasing sedentary time and increasing total physical activity in preschool children. Method: Seventy-seven families were recruited from 8 randomly selected SureStart children's centres in the North West of England. Centres were randomly assigned to either an intervention (n=4) or a comparison group (n=4). Parents and children in the - intervention group received a IOeweek active play programme delivered by trained active play professionals; this included an activity and educational component. Families in the comparison group were asked to maintain their usual routine. Each participating parent and child wore a uni-axial accelerometer for 7 days at baseline and post-test. Week and weekend day sedentary time and total physical activity adjusted for child- and home- level covariates were analysed using multilevel analyses. Results: Significant intervention effects were observed for sedentary time and physical activity for both week and weekend days. Children in the intervention group engaged in 1.5% and 4.3% less sedentary time during week and weekend days, respectively and 4.5% and 13.1 % more physical activity during week and weekend days, respectively than children in the comparison group. Parent's participation in sport and their physical activity levels, child's sex, availability of media in the home and attendance at organised activities were significant predictors of sedentary time and physical activity in this age group. Conclusion: A 10-week family focused active play intervention produced positive changes in sedentary time and total physical activity levels in preschool children. Specific covariates were identified as having a significant effect on the outcome measures. Moreover, children whose parents were active engaged in less sedentary time and more physical activity suggesting that parent's activity habits are mediators of physical activity engagement in this age group.
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Turner, Patricia Jane. "Relationships in playgroups : an attachment perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238219.
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Nixon, Julie. "Individual differences in the timing of the acquisition of 'theory of mind'." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320819.
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Nixon, Hayley. "Families, parenting and asthma." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/families-parenting-and-asthma(ec22c654-4909-48da-8e76-db297a4917cf).html.
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This thesis follows the paper based format in that Papers One and Two are stand-alone papers prepared for submission for Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review and the Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology respectively. The relevant submission guidelines are included in the appendix (Appendix 1). Asthma is the most common childhood chronic illness affecting an estimated 1.1 million children in the UK. A substantial body of research has shown that asthma prevalence and morbidity rates are associated not only with physiological factors but also with environmental and psychosocial factors. Identifying modifiable psychosocial variables involved in the expression and outcome of asthma in children enables identification of how and where interventions could be targeted. Two papers are presented in this thesis, which aims at contribute to research in this area followed by a critical evaluation of the research process, relevance and implications of the presented papers.Paper One is a review of the literature highlighting the biopsychosocial variables involved in the onset and development of childhood asthma. A model is proposed which aims at demonstrate the bidirectional influence of many variables thought to be involved in paediatric asthma expression. One significant area within the literature highlights the extent to which behaviour problems are elevated in asthmatic children. The prognosis for children who develop significant behaviour difficulties is poor.Research has shown that the quality of parenting a child receives has a significant impact on both the child's well-being and development. Literature included in Paper One highlights the relationship between asthma and parenting. Caregivers of asthmatic children have been shown to be more hostile and critical compared with caregivers of non-asthmatic children.Intervening early with families to promote warm, consistent and positive parenting is considered one of the most effective ways to treat behaviour difficulties. Parent training programmes have emerged as the most efficacious method of intervening with and treating child behaviour difficulties and enhancing parenting skills. In spite of their demonstrated effectiveness, engagement with programmes is often poor. As a result researchers have developed self-directed and web-based interventions. Despite their apparent benefits, uptake and continued engagement remains low.Paper Two aimed at examine whether providing asthma specific information enhanced engagement with a Triple P web-based intervention and identify any pre-treatment variables that predicted engagement. The final section, the Critical Evaluation, aimed at place the research in the wider context, consider the findings from both papers, highlight additional and unexpected outcomes and discuss the implications for future studies and limitations of the thesis.
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Clarkson, Emma Louise. "The relationship between sleep and daytime behaviour in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6962/.
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This thesis presents the work completed over the course of the author’s doctorate of clinical psychology, and consists of two volumes. The first volume includes three chapters, the first of which is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of insomnia in clinical and non-clinical populations of children and adolescents. The second chapter is an empirical paper exploring the relationship between sleep problems and daytime challenging behaviour in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The final chapter is a document summarising chapters one and two for the purpose of public dissemination. The second volume constitutes each of the five clinical practice reports completed over the course of the doctoral training and will be available online in December 2026.
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Hall, Scott Stuart. "The early development of self-injurious behaviour in children with developmental disabilities." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-early-development-of-selfinjurious-behaviour-in-children-with-developmental-disabilities(a75d5025-1581-480b-b2d1-b4622833f811).html.
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