Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Child and family health'
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1
Panico, L. "Family structure and child health." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1344075/.
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This inter-disciplinary project investigates the relationship between family structure and early child health. The two main aims are: (1) to determine whether family structure and changes in family structure are associated with children's physical health in the Millennium Cohort Study; (2) to explore potential pathways through which these associations operate. In spite of much public debate around families, marriage, and child outcomes, UK literature on this topic remains incomplete. This thesis aims to fill two gaps: first, testing whether there is a link with children's physical health, rather than more commonly reported outcomes such as cognitive function or education achievements. Physical health outcomes included are respiratory health, childhood growth, and unintentional injuries. Second, few studies use prospective, longitudinal data and methods. Cross sectional studies cannot examine the direction of the relationship, nor capture the dynamics of changes in family structure. Here, longitudinal techniques test a complex model made up of variables ordered a priori. In unadjusted analyses, family structure presented a consistent gradient in child health: cross-sectionally, children living with married parents had better health than those living with cohabiting parents, while those living with lone parents had the worst health. Longitudinally, those who experienced changes in family structure fared worse than those living with continuously married parents, with some important exceptions, such as those living with cohabiting parents who subsequently married. Socio-economic factors were important predictors of family structure and child health. Proximal pathways through which socio-economic characteristics and family structure affected child health varied according to health outcome. Maternal mental health appeared to be important across outcomes. Concluding, this work shows the importance of using nuanced definitions of family, particularly when it comes to capturing its fluidity over time. Children who experienced changes in family structure were a heterogeneous group with diverse backgrounds and outcomes. Socio-economic factors emerged as important antecedents to both family structure and child health.
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Costa, Ramón Ana. "Essays on child health and family economics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669948.
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This dissertation consists of three essays that investigate the
effect of children’s health shocks on children’s and parent’s wellbeing.
In the first chapter, we investigate the effect of C-sections
on newborn health. We use variation in the probability of unplanned
C-section by the time of day as an instrument for type of
delivery and find a small negative impact on neonatal health. In
the second chapter, we use a similar methodology to analyze the
long-term effects of C-sections. We find that unplanned C-sections
increase the risk of asthma, but do not affect other immunemediated
disorders previously associated with C-sections. In
the last chapter, I study the impact of a child’s adverse health
event on parental labor market outcomes. I do this by comparing
parents across families in similar parental and child age cohorts
whose children experienced a health shock at different ages. I
show that parental earnings suffer a substantial and persistent
decline after the event. I also find an impact on parents’ mental
well-being.Aquesta tesi està formada per tres assajos que investiguen l’efecte dels xocs en la salut dels infants, en el seu benestar i el de la seva família. Al primer capítol, investiguem l’efecte de néixer per cesària en la salut neonatal. Utilitzem variació en la probabilitat de cesària no planificada segons l’hora del dia com a instrument pel tipus de part i trobem un efecte negatiu, petit, en la salut neonatal. Al segon capítol, utilitzem una metodologia similar per analitzar l’efecte de néixer per cesària a llarg termini. Trobem que néixer per cesària no planificada augmenta el risc de patir asma, però no afecta altres malalties immunològiques que prèviament s’havien trobat associades amb la cesària. A l’ últim capítol estudio l’impacte que té que l’infant pateixi un xoc en la seva salut, al mercat laboral de les mares i pares. La meva estratègia d’identificació es basa a comparar progenitors amb la mateixa edat, amb fills de la mateixa edat, però que pateixen el xoc en diferents moments. Els ingressos de les mares i pares pateixen una caiguda substancial i persistent després de l’episodi. També trobo que aquest esdeveniment afecta la salut mental de les mares i pares.
Esta tesis está formada por tres ensayos que investigan el efecto de shocks en la salud de los niños y niñas, en su bienestar y el de su familia. En el primer capítulo, investigamos el efecto de nacer por cesárea en la salud neonatal. Utilizamos variación en la probabilidad de cesárea no planificada según la hora del día como instrumento para el tipo de parto, y encontramos un efecto negativo, pequeño, en la salud neonatal. En el segundo capítulo, utilizamos una metodología similar para analizar el efecto de nacer por cesárea a largo plazo. Encontramos que nacer por cesárea no planificada aumenta el riesgo de sufrir asma, pero no afecta otras enfermedades inmunológicas que previamente se asociaban con nacer por cesárea. En el último capítulo estudio el impacto de sufrir una hospitalización severa durante la infancia, en el mercado laboral de las madres y padres. Mi estrategia de identificación se basa en comparar progenitores con la misma edad, con hijos de la misma edad, pero que sufren el evento en diferentes momentos. Los ingresos de las madres y padres sufren una caída sustancial y persistente después del episodio. También encuentro que esto afecta a la salud mental de las madres y padres.
3
Ohaeri, Frances Ahunna. "Parental satisfaction with child mental health services." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3343.
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The purpose of this study was to identify to what degree specific factors influence the level of satisfaction experienced by foster parents whose foster children are recieving mental health services from agencies that they have been referred to by a Coming of Age Foster Family Agency.
4
Kennedy, Christina. "Feeding the family : exploration of mothers' experiences and practice." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4581/.
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A mother's practice of feeding the family is viewed as risk behaviour in published health literature where the dominant research interest lies in its pathogenic potential in the aetiology of Child Obesity. Mothers’ 'participative knowledge' of their practice, which is their lived experience as known and given meaning by them, is absent from this literature. The aim of the thesis is to address this gap in knowledge and reflect upon its significance for health promotion. The exploration of mothers’ family feeding practices was conducted by means of a Co-operative Inquiry (Heron, 1996) which I adapted as a community participatory research study with a core group of 13 volunteer mothers. This community of mothers from a former mining community in the NW of England became in time my co-researchers in the investigation of what feeding the family entailed and meant for them. There are two phases of the inquiry. In Phase 1, methods were developed to enable mothers to collect data and to engage in reflection and dialogue so as to describe and explain their practice. In Phase 2, the Inquiry process was directed towards empowering mothers to engage in transformative experiential learning. Findings at the end of Phase 1 highlighted that the mothers’ routine practices often exposed their children to risk factors linked to childhood obesity. It also identified that their reality and lived experience systematically exposed mothers to social injustice that had the potential to undermine their health. At the end of Phase 2 however, new insights into the potential meaning of their practice, led the mothers to make changes in family feeding; and to transform an alienating environment into an empowering experience of true community. The author reflects and discusses the inquiry and its findings by drawing upon theories of knowledge, practice and health; and empirical evidence of risk factors in health inequalities. This study extends the body of knowledge about family feeding with insights into the participative reality of mothers’ practice. The Author recommends health research should embrace new theoretical frameworks for inquiry with mothers to develop a more socially just knowledge of their practice that can empower both mothers and community.
5
Pierce, Jessica Lynne. "Family Functioning and Responsiveness in Family Child Care Providers." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502404892864807.
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Littles, Meghan. "Child and Family Factors Affecting Parent-Child Agreement on a Measure of Health-Related Quality of Life." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2802.
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Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a global construct identifying the physical, social, and psychological effects of health. Measurement of HRQOL within pediatric care settings has the potential to identify physical, mental, and social health problems in order to provide prevention and intervention services. While measures of pediatric HRQOL have been developed to distinguish between the needs of children across health status groups, their utilization within non-clinical populations is largely under-researched. Currently, measures of HRQOL can be administered to both children and proxy reporters (i.e., caregivers) in order to gain a better understanding of the child’s functioning. However, research on parent-child HRQOL agreement indicates that reports are largely discrepant across raters and domains of functioning (e.g., social, physical). Previous research in populations with chronic health conditions has identified several parent-specific, child-specific, and family-specific factors that may influence the agreement of parent-child dyads on measures of HRQOL. However, research on these constructs produced variable results and indicate the need for more research into specific characteristics such as child gender, child age, sibling health status, and family functioning, as well as their combined impact. The current study explored the relationship between specific child and family factors and parent-child agreement in a non-clinical sample. A total of 58 children between the ages of eight and eleven years and their parents were recruited to complete an online survey in order to address this gap within the literature. A final sample size of 25 children were included in the current analyses. Results indicated that parent-child agreement for social, school, and overall psychosocial functioning was fair while overall HRQOL, emotional, and physical functioning agreement were good. The specific child and family factors included in the model were not predictive of these discrepancies but did yield a small effect size. These data suggest that children in non-clinical populations demonstrate fair-to-good agreement with their parents on measures of HRQOL and that both family factors and child demographic factors may be important in understanding discrepancies between reporters. However, these data indicate the need for further research to better understand the factors that contribute to parent-child agreement on measures of HRQOL in larger non-clinical populations.
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Abewe, Christabell. "Investigating family social capital and child health: a case study of South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24988.
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The link between family social capital and child health has not been well investigated in developing countries. This study assessed socioeconomic inequalities in child health and in family social capital in South Africa. It also assessed the relationship between family social capital and child health. Four waves of the National Income Dynamics Study panel data were used to investigate the relationship between family social capital and child health. Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed using the concentration index. To assess the relationship between family social capital and child health, regressions models were fitted using a selected set of explanatory variables, including an index of family social capital. Child health in this study was operationalized to include: stunting, wasting, and parent-reported health of a child. Results showed that children from the poorest families bear the largest burden of stunting, wasting, and ill health. Similarly, children from poorer households possessed more family social capital when compared to children from more affluent families. Although family social capital was expected to improve child health, the study findings suggest that in South Africa, the socioeconomic status of a family has a greater effect on child health than family social capital.
8
Weselak, Mandy. "Pregnancy pesticide exposures, birth defects and child health outcomes in the Ontario Farm Family Health Study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26806.
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The use of pesticides has served to enhance the economies and health of nations around the world by amplifying crop production and reducing crop loss. At the same time, studies have linked pre- and post-natal pesticide exposures to certain childhood cancers, neurological deficits, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We explored the relationship between parental pesticide exposure during the pre-conception (3 months prior to conception) and post-conception (first trimester, entire pregnancy period) periods on specific child health outcomes. Our results suggest that pre-conception exposure to cyanazine and dicamba increase the risk of birth defects in male offspring. There is also evidence suggesting that hearing problems and allergies or hayfever are more common in male offspring who are exposed to pesticides during pregnancy. However, given the limited research in this area and the self-reported nature of the exposure and outcomes in this study, the present findings should be considered primarily as hypothesis generating.
9
El-Shal, Amira. "The effects of health sector reform interventions in Egypt on family planning and maternal and child health." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18120/.
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This thesis is composed of four essays that make empirical contributions to impact evaluations of health sector interventions in low- and middle-income countries, in light of the interventions introduced under Egypt's Health Sector Reform Program (HSRP) between 2000 and 2014. We are mainly interested in the effects on family planning and maternal and child health. Different methods are used in this context: difference-in-differences (DD), DD propensity score matching (PSM), fixed effects (FE), random effects (RE) and pooled ordinary least-squares (POLS). In chapter 3, we estimate the effect of improving the quality of health care through facility accreditation on the family planning, maternal health and child health outcomes that we expect to reflect the effect of compliance with quality standards, policies and procedures. We found that accreditation had multiple positive effects, especially on delivery care and child morbidity prevalence. No significant effects were observed, however, with respect to most antenatal care (ANC) outcomes. In chapter 4, we estimate the medium-term effect of introducing user fees on the utilization of family planning, ANC and delivery care services, women's access to health care, and child health status. With respect to ANC, we found that the positive effect of increased willingness to pay for an improved quality of service outweighed the negative effect of the price elasticity of demand. Introducing user fees was associated with a higher likelihood of receiving ANC by skilled health personnel, a higher likelihood of receiving at least four ANC visits and a higher likelihood of receiving iron supplements during pregnancy. However, the two effects offset each other with respect to the outcomes that reflect the utilization of family planning and delivery care services, women's access to health care, and child health status. No net effect at all was observed on these outcomes. Chapter 5 complements the analysis of chapter 4 by allowing us to estimate the net effect of combining user fees and two quality improvement interventions: facility accreditation and performance-based financing (PBF). Again, we observe positive effects on both the utilization and the quality of ANC services. More notably, a positive effect on access to care was observed during our first study period that is more likely to reflect the effect of quality improvements. These effects, however, were reversed during the second study period that is more likely to reflect the effect of user fee introduction. The positive effects reported in chapters 4 and 5 were mainly with respect to ANC. No effects were reported on the outcomes that reflect the utilization of family planning and delivery care services, and child health status. In chapter 6, we estimate the effect of discontinuing provider incentives on health outcomes that reflect the health services targeted by the PBF scheme as well as the quality of these services. We found that discontinuing the incentives had a negative effect on four out of seven health outcomes: knowledge of contraceptive methods, receiving ANC by skilled health personnel, receiving iron supplements during pregnancy, and more importantly, under-five child mortality. Our findings, first, suggest that improving the quality of care through facility accreditation could be particularly effective in improving delivery care and child health. However, a high level of commitment from the central government is indispensable to sustain the positive effects of quality improvement interventions. Second, introducing user fees will not necessarily have negative effects on access and utilization of family planning, maternal health and child health services. However, user fees are ineffective, in general, as a stand-alone policy. Third, negative effects of introducing user fees in low- and middle-income settings on the utilization of healthcare services can be mitigated by officially exempting the poor from any fees at the point of service. More importantly, this exemption should be known to the population. Fourth, combining quality improvement interventions with user fees will not necessarily add to the few positive effects obtained when user fees are introduced as a stand-alone policy. Finally, provider incentives should be introduced carefully in low- and middle-income countries as negative effects are observed when these incentives are discontinued.
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Berry, Vashti Louise. "The relative contribution of family conflict to children's health and development." Thesis, University of Bath, 2008. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512283.
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Conflict is an inherent part of human relationships and is ubiquitous within families. These disputes are not in themselves harmful to children. Rather, it is the strategies used to resolve conflict that have a bearing on children’s health and development, notably whether family members employ aggressive or violent tactics. The study examines evidence from a sample of 161 children, selected to be representative of children living in Dublin, Ireland. It explores children’s responses to different methods of conflict resolution in two family relationships and seeks to expand the understanding of how social problems, such as child maltreatment and domestic violence, occur within normative family processes. The study shows that the use of psychological and minor physical aggression to resolve conflict in the parental relationship and the parent-child relationship is typical. It occurs in 90 per cent of families over a twelve-month period. Severe physical force or violence between family members is less common. The study finds that while there is considerable variation in children’s responses to conflict resolution strategies, children who experience aggression in both the inter-parental and parent-child relationship are at elevated risk for behavioural and emotional problems. The frequency and severity of the aggression explains some of the variance in child well-being but not all. The study lends support to Bronfrenbrenner’s (1979) ecological theory by demonstrating empirically how the individual, family, neighbourhood, and potentially societal, contexts moderate the transmission of poor conflict resolution strategies to children's health and development. The findings suggest that while the child's age and gender play a small role, family and neighbourhood contexts are strongly implicated in outcomes for children exposed to risky conflict resolution tactics in the home. In particular, parental mental health problems, low socio-economic status and poor peer relationships increase children’s vulnerability to the effects of aggressive conflict tactics. The relevance of the evidence for policy and practice are drawn out. A distinction can be drawn between responses to pathological behaviour by parents and normative, yet harmful, conflict resolution strategies. Public health approaches to promote reasoning within families as well as prevention and early intervention strategies that support all families, not just economically disadvantaged parents known to child protection and domestic violence agencies, are required. In addition, greater sensitivity to children's gender and stage of development and more attention to policies that reduce stress on families and violence within communities are advocated.
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Diaz, de Leon Cassandra, and de Leon Cassandra Diaz. "Toddler Mental Health Screening for the Nurse Family Partnership Program." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626649.
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Background: Research has shown that attachment has a powerful impact on the developing brain of a child (Lieberman, 2004). Prevention focusing on the earliest signs of mental illness has the greatest potential for decreasing the risk of mental issues in later life (Ammitzbell et al., 2016).
Purpose: The purpose of this project was to train nurses working at the Easter Seals Blake Foundation Nurse Family Partnership Program on the Child Behavior Checklist. The study focused on identification of children who are at risk of mental health problems, largely based on attachment problems, and provide early interventions.
Design: The initial step of this study consisted of training home visiting Nurses working at a Nurse Family Partnership Program site in Pima County on the Child Behavior Checklist. The Child Behavior Checklist was meant to be implemented into the program as a secondary mental health screening tool if a child who was 18- or 24-months old was found to be “at-risk” using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social and Emotional Tool. The Child Behavior Checklist, served as a more detailed screening tool if a child was found “at-risk.”
Results: During this project, a training on the Child Behavior Checklist was performed. Seven nurses participated in the initial survey, which assessed their thoughts on the current protocols at the Nurse Family Partnership Program. Then their client charts were reviewed to determine if the Child Behavior Checklist was utilized. Lastly, a post survey was sent out to inquire about their thoughts and potential for implementing the Child Behavior Checklist.
Implications: From the post survey, it was determined that most nurses thought the Child Behavior Checklist is a great, detailed tool to use if a child is found to be “at-risk.” However, most nurses also stated they did not need to use it due to lack of children having an “at-risk” score using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social and Emotional tool.
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Arsene, Camelia V. "The quality of parent-child relationship and health in later life." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3112/.
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Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that social and emotional support can protect against premature mortality and prevent illness. The longterm consequences of poor parent-child relationships on adult mental health have been a major focus of research. Much less attention has been directed towards the effects on physical health outcomes. Objective: Based on the life course model, this thesis assessed the extent to which child-parent relationships influence physical health in later life. Methods: The dissertation was based on a systematic review of longitudinal studies linking parent-child relationships and physical health in adulthood, and on secondary data-analyses of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. The role played by different confounders and mediators was discussed. The analyses were based on multivariate regression methods. Results: Most of the systematic review studies showed a positive association between poor parenting and health in later life. Supportive of the association were studies on general health relying on self-reports. Non-supportive were studies looking at mortality and rare diseases and relying on official records. Some of the studies presented their findings in relation to gender, girls being more likely to somatise in adolescence or in adulthood. An association was found for the Christchurch Health and Development Study between the quality of parent-child relationship and hospital admission or the number of doctor visits. These effects were more pronounced in females. Overall, adjusting for different confounders and mediators added some information, but did not replace the effect of the exposure variables on the outcomes. Conclusion: More research is required in understanding how the early behavioural, environmental and social factors work together in the development of long term health outcomes. Given the growing evidence of the long term effects of poor parent-child relationships, greater efforts are clearly needed in developing effective strategies for prevention and intervention.
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Toly, Valerie Boebel. "Normalization and Family Functioning in Families with a Child who is Technology Dependent." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238613023.
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Curtis, Lori. "The health status of mothers and children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/NQ42840.pdf.
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Turner, Karen Mary Thomas. "Parenting and family support in primary care settings /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17454.pdf.
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Shafie, Robert. "Healthy Attachment and Parent-Child Relationships." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687191.
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Relations between parents and children play an essential role across the life course. A vast number of studies provide empirical evidence for the link between parental attachment and the psychological well-being of children. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore how American and American Lebanese parents perceive the influence of parent-child relationships on their children’s well-being. Bowlby’s attachment theory provided the theoretical framework for the study. A qualitative descriptive design was used in which 100 parents were sampled to complete a mostly open-ended online questionnaire. Additionally, 12 parent participants were interviewed by phone. Questionnaire results were presented in percentages and summary format. Interview results were deductively summarized. Main codes for the first research question were parent/child bonding, reciprocal communication patterns and connectedness. Main codes for the second research question included barriers to parent/child relationships and changes that occurred in the relationship over time. Findings did not reveal culture significantly influenced parent/child relationships in this sample. In conclusion, the study identified that closeness and communication are related to family the parent/child relationship. Due to limited analysis strategy and limited variation in the sample, more research is recommended.
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Richardson, Joseph, and Amanda Stoltz. "Improving Resident Physician Understanding of Requirements for Well Child Examinations in an East Tennessee Family Medicine Primary Care Clinic." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/25.
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Well-Child Examinations are an integral part of monitoring growth and development for children. These visits allow for establishment of a therapeutic relationship between patient and caregiver, and provide opportunities to screen for underlying conditions while simultaneously following growth and development milestones. Well-child examinations provide opportunities for parents to voice concerns and help to identify those children at risk for delays or underlying medical conditions. When these conditions are identified early, they tend to have an improvement of outcomes. Since the core items to be included in wellness examinations vary by age, insurance provider, and risk factors, our aim is to measure and improve the knowledge and comprehension of examination components among a group of Family Medicine resident physicians that provide primary care to a pediatric population. Provider knowledge and understanding was measured by means of a set of multiple-choice questions prior to an educational session. A post-educational examination was then administered to assess recruitment and retention of information. There appeared to be an overall positive trend toward increased knowledge base following the education session, indicating and improvement of understanding and medical knowledge.
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Piper, Christine. "'Making-sense' of child neglect : an exploration of child welfare professionals' practice." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2013. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/20345/.
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This study aims to understand and critically analyse the knowledge and practices of child welfare professionals who play an important role in recognising, responding to and intervening in cases of child neglect. The study contributes towards a greater understanding of the complexities of the child welfare professionals’ (CWP) institutional practices when categorising cases as neglect. Three data collection methods were used; semi-structured interviews, an analysis of child protection case conference minutes and observation of social work practice. The complementary data sets produced revealed an understanding of CWP’s knowledge and practices which would not have been possible using a single method. The CWPs interviewed, from four professional groups, shared a typical image of a neglected child but this image did not coincide with all cases categorised as cases of neglect identified during the analysis of the Minutes and the observation of social workers’ practice. The exceptions to the typical image included young people, unborn children and children experiencing emotional neglect. The CWPs working in universal services talked about ‘building a picture’ of neglect since neglect was not always obvious. There were inter-professional differences around thresholds and the ‘level of neglect’ that warranted child protection intervention. The CWPs talked about their understanding of neglect being broader than the parents’, since their understanding included emotional neglect. This perceived difference in the CWPs’ understanding of neglect had implications for their interactions with parents and was seen as a challenging area of practice. The participant observation data showed that social workers used numerous features when carrying out assessments, including features relating to the parents, the children and the home environment. These features functioned in different ways depending on the context and which features co-existed. CWP practice was influenced by professional roles and personal values. Professional practice involved multiple interactions, and the crucial nature and impact of these interactions was key to understanding the process of categorising cases of neglect.
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Holt, Nicole, Arsham Alamian, Deborah L. Slawson, and Shimin Zheng. "Child, Family, and Community Factors and the Utilization of Oral Health Services in Early Childhood." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/119.
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Access to dental care is the leading unmet health need among American children. Early access to oral health care is critical in the prevention and treatment of early childhood caries, and any barriers perceived by parents can cause delay in seeking treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine child, family, and community factors associated with the utilization of oral health services among U.S. and HRSA region IV children aged 1-5 years. The data were obtained from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children’s Health. Descriptive statistical summaries were calculated for all independent variables grouped by child, family, and community. A caregiver was asked whether the child received dental care in the past 12 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis using an investigator driven stepwise selection methodology was conducted. Nearly half (46.7%) of caregivers in the national sample reported that their child had visited a dentist in the past 12 months, slightly fewer (46.0%; p
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Barnhart, Sheila. "Social Capital and Child Health: Does Maternal Social Capital Moderate the Relationship between Poverty and Early Child Health Outcomes among Single Mothers?" The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1491846638380667.
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Andersson, Jenny, and Sara Franzén. "BVC-sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta immigrerade familjer." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8670.
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Stinson, Kathryn Lee. "Coverage of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in Cape Town, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12644.
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Includes bibliographical references.The effectiveness of prevention of mother-to-child of HIV (PMTCT) programmes depends on the successful coverage of a series of interventions through pregnancy, intrapartum and postpartum. Routine monitoring systems based on service data and limited to women on the PMTCT programme may overestimate intervention coverage at multiple points along this cascade. Methods: Cord blood specimens with individually linked anonymous demographic and pregnancy data were collected from three delivery services in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, and screened for HIV. Seropositive specimens were tested for the presence of antiretrovirals.
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Larsen, Moen Øyfrid. "Everyday life in families with a child with ADHD and public health nurses’ conceptions of their role." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30940.
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ADHD is one of the most common behavioral disorders diagnosed in children. These children have difficulties regarding the regulation of emotions, maintaining attention and impulse control, all of which influence family and social life. The aim of this study was to describe and explore the everyday life of families with a child with ADHD and public health nurses’ role in relation to these families. The parents were contending with- and adapting to the parental role and social network. The family attempted to safeguard a functioning family in managing their everyday life, tuning themselves in on the child’s shifting moods, using strict boundaries and developing special skills. The family fought for acceptance and inclusion when interacting with their social network and professionals. Parents with ADHD and families with non-medicated children reported more problems in family functioning. Characteristics in parents and the child with ADHD, as well as support from the social network and community health services, all influenced family functioning. The PHNs described their role as both a peripheral and collaborating partner, asking for guidelines and multidisciplinary collaboration. The public health nurse is in a unique position to support and supervise these families.Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and explore everyday life in families with a child with ADHD and public health nurses’ role in relation to these families. Methods: An explorative and descriptive design with qualitative and quantitative methods was used. In Study I, data was collected with individual interviews with nine parents, and analyzed using phenomenology. In Study II, the data was collected with individual interviews with 17 family members, and analyzed with phenomenography. In Study III, data was collected with a questionnaire responded by 265 parents, and analyzed with statistics. In Study IV, data was collected with group- and individual interviews with 19 public health nurses, and analyzed with phenomenography. Main findings: The families’ everyday life was influenced by living in unpredictability, though they were striving for predictability. The experience of being a parent was described as contending and adapting every day, like windsurfing in unpredictable waters (I). The family tried to safeguard a functioning family in managing their everyday life and developing special skills, within the family and the society. They fought for acceptance and inclusion in relation to the social network and professionals (II). Parents’ sense of coherence, children’s behavior, support from social networks and community health services had all an impact on family functioning (III). The PHNs described their role as both a peripheral and a collaborating partner and they asked for guidelines and multidisciplinary collaboration (IV). Conclusions: Everyday life in families with ADHD is both demanding and giving. Acceptance and support from the social network and supervision from the professionals are essential. The public health nurse is in a unique position to support and supervise these families.
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Williams, Bryan L. "Physician utilization patterns and family characteristics of participants in the Comprehensive Health Investment Project." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01122010-020028/.
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Project (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1990.Questionnaires ([6] leaves) in pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-72). Also available via the Internet.
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Soto, Carol. "The Process of Mothering an Obese Child." Thesis, Adelphi University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663097.
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Maternal influence has been identified as a crucial factor in identifying and predicting if a child will be obese and can influence children's future comorbidities if they are obese. There is a dearth of research focused literature on the mothers' perspectives in caring for a child with obesity. The purpose of this grounded theory study (Glaser & Strauss (1967)) was to identify a process of mothering an obese child. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 mothers. The transcripts of the interviews were coded, and coded data were then categorized and further analyzed to conceptualize a process. Three final phases, realizing, limiting and eliminating, and doing something, each with subcategories, explained the process of mothering an obese child. Limiting and Eliminating emerged as the core variable for this process. That is, mothers primarily used limiting and eliminating foods for their child, a strategy well known today to be ineffective for weight loss in children. Moreover, the mothers were not aware of many of the contemporary strategies for obesity intervention for children. This study's findings will inform health care professionals who work in both prevention and intervention settings with mothers of obese children and those at risk for developing obesity.
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Rehm, Roberta S. "Mexican American family experiences with chronic childhood illness /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7327.
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Swanepoel, Monique (Marais). "The psychosocial influences on the family of a child diagnosed with cancer." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46181.
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Cancer affects everyone; it does not distinguish between age, race, gender or social background. When a child is diagnosed with cancer, it does not only affect the child, but also the family system as a whole. The focus of this study was on the psychosocial aspects that are affected in the family system once a child diagnosed with cancer. These psychosocial aspects included the emotional impact, the spousal impact, the role changes that occur in the family system, the financial impact, the impact on siblings as well as the impact on religion and spirituality. These aspects were investigated by the researcher during the applied study.
This applied study used a qualitative approach with a collective case study research design. The research population of this study included families who have a child diagnosed with cancer, who was treated at Nicus Lodge Cancer Treatment Centre in Pretoria which is a CANSA affiliate. The staff at Nicus Lodge selected participants who met the criteria based on purposive sampling, on behalf of the researcher. The researcher used semi-structured interviews and an interview schedule in order to obtain the participants’ experiences of their child diagnosed with cancer and the psychosocial effects it had on them as a family system. Nine participants participated in the study. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the participants and then later transcribed. Creswell’s steps for qualitative data analysis were implemented. By utilizing these measures and tools, the researcher was able to formulate findings from which conclusions and recommendations could be made. From the findings, the following themes and sub-themes were identified, demonstrating the psychosocial effect that a child diagnosed with cancer has on the family system and answering the research question: Theme 1: Protective measures with the sub-themes of religion, support structures and personality. Theme 2: Restrictive measures with the sub-themes of role changes, single parent, multiple children and date of diagnosis. Theme 3: Financial related aspects with the sub-themes of employment/unemployment, supportive employer, transport and medical aid. The findings demonstrated that many different aspects of a family system are affected when a child is diagnosed with cancer. It also demonstrated that a family system that had the necessary protective measures, were able to cope more effectively and maintain their quality of life when their child was diagnosed with cancer. The findings furthermore showed specific focus areas that a social worker in the health care setting, specifically in the oncology field, should focus on which hinder family systems from coping effectively. These focus areas enable the social workers to provide adequate supportive services to the families of a child diagnosed with cancer.
Supportive services are imperative when dealing with a family of a child diagnosed with cancer, and this is one of the recommendations of the study and a focus area for future studies. Recommendations from this study can be used by social workers in the health care field to better understand the challenges that families of a child diagnosed with cancer experience and how to effectively address their needs. Social workers can also utilize the recommendations to find ways to make their services known to the communities and improve their intervention and supportive services to these families. It is important for social workers to improve awareness in the community and to provide them with the necessary resources to cope better with the situation. To better understand this paper, certain key terms were used by the researcher.Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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Social Work and Criminology
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Wood, David L. "Child And Family Poverty: Its Impact On Children And Youth And What We Can Do About It." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5146.
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Book Summary: While much needs to be done in order to minimize the suicide attempts and suicides of adolescents, the work of Stop Youth Suicide (SYS) campaign and the comprehensive grassroots' approach is showing signs of success in the state of Kentucky. The 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) showed that for the first time, indicators of youth suicide in the state are at or below the national average, where they were previously always above. In the three rural counties where the school systems have partnered with SYS and the Division of Adolescent Medicine in Lexington, there is an actual absence of completed suicides compared to the average of three per year prior to this partnership. In order to maintain and improve that statistic, we must ensure that students do not have easy access to weapons, guns and drugs by ensuring that these items are properly stored in homes where children are present. Kentucky's educators must continue to develop ways to provide safe and supportive school environments. In this book, the authors have gathered presentations from the 2017 Annual Stop Youth Suicide Campaign Conference, which we hope will be of interest and help to the readers.
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Walters, Jennifer Daphne. "Fathers' involvement in families with a child attending family and child psychiatry clinics : the relevance of childhood experience, mental health, and current relationships." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313479.
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Fathers' involvement in families with a child attending Family and Child Psychiatry clinics: the relevance of childhood experience, mental health, and current relationships. There is now an ample literature on fathering and fathers participation in family life. Recent work has emphasised the importance of intergenerational attachment patterns, mental health, and parenting style and their effects on psychopathology in children. This research examines the parenting of fathers where children are attending a Family and Child Psychiatry Clinic. Fathers whose children attend such services are compared with fathers of non-referred children on a number of dimensions to advance our knowledge of the relationship between paternal characteristics and children's psychopathology. Factors relevant to fathers' level of attendance are also examined. Two groups of fathers, a clinic group recruited from two Family and Child Psychiatry services in London's East End and a non-clinic group recruited from the community, each comprising forty fathers of children aged 3-9 years, were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule regarding their children, aspects of current parenting and the parenting they received from their own parents. Both fathers, and each child's mother, were asked to complete standardised questionnaires on the child's behaviour, parenting stress, mental health and depression, attachment style, marital satisfaction, and perceptions of parenting by their own parents. Statistical analyses of the data revealed that the behaviour and psychopathology of the children of the fathers in the clinic group was more severe and that those fathers were more likely to report depressive symptoms, parenting stress, and insecure attachment styles than were the fathers in the non-clinic group. A profile of poor childhood care from their own fathers was linked with higher levels of depressive symptoms and insecure attachment in both groups of fathers. In the clinic group a key factor regarding high levels of attendance for their child's appointment was the father's reported quality of relationship with his own father. The results are discussed with regard to implications for clinical work with fathers whose children are attending Family and Child Psychiatry clinics. It is suggested that clinicians become cognisant of the relevance of fathers' attachment styles and history of relationships with their own parents, especially their fathers, in order to facilitate the father's engagement in family sessions.
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Huist, Melissa Ellen. "The Potential Benefit of Child Life Servicies for U.S. Army Soldiers and Their Families." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1282268571.
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Dempster, Katherine W. "Associations Between Expressed Emotion, Mental Health, and Functioning in Families: Child Asthma Status as a Moderator." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6050.
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Expressed emotion (EE), the affective attitudes and behaviors of one toward another, can affect caregivers’ behaviors toward their child. Research examining associations between EE and child/family outcomes is mixed; these associations may be affected by other influences such as the presence of a chronic disease or parent mental health. In this study of families living in an urban area, we examined associations between EE and child outcomes (anxiety/depressive symptoms) and family functioning, with parent anxiety as a covariate. We evaluated child asthma status as a moderator as the presence of a chronic illness may strengthen the association between EE and child/family outcomes. Ninety-four children (mean±SD age=8.83±2.03 years, 48.9% female, 92.6% African American; 47 with asthma) and their parents (81.3% annual household income less than $25,000) completed an observational study including interviews and questionnaires. Measures included the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), Children’s Depressive Symptoms Inventory (CDI), Self-Report Family Inventory (SFI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) coded for EE. To examine study aims, regression analyses were conducted using PROCESS macro version 3.4. Asthma status (yes/no) was examined as a moderator. EE was associated with child anxiety symptoms, controlling for parent anxiety symptoms (F(1,70) =7.67, p=0.007). Criticism was also positively associated with asthma control (F(1,39)=4.33, p=.04, R2=.08). Asthma status did not moderate any of the associations. Results suggested that high levels of caregiver EE were associated with child anxiety symptoms, but asthma status did not moderate associations. It is possible that regardless of additional family demands related to asthma, EE is associated with child anxiety. Further examination into other systemic stressors (e.g., poverty, access to care) that may moderate these associations is warranted, as well as the impact that minimizing parent anxiety might have on overall EE.
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Shrestha, Ranjan. "Family planning, community health interventions and the mortality risk of children in Indonesia." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1187119287.
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Neill, Sarah. "Family management of acute childhood illness at home : a grounded theory study." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.684865.
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Samuelsson, Jonas. "Partner age gap and child health in Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-186304.
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This thesis explores the association between the age gap between parents and health outcomes for children in Sub-Saharan Africa. An average man-older age gap between partners has been observed all over the world and is the largest in many Sub-Saharan African countries. A large age gap is common in patriarchal societies and has been associated with less female autonomy and impeded decision-making for the couple, resulting in less contraceptive use and a possible higher risk of interpersonal violence. This thesis examines another association with age gaps by focusing on the health outcomes for children in families with large and small age gaps between the mother and her partner. It is hypothesized that children will have worse health outcomes in families where the age gap between the mother’s partner and the mother herself is larger than average. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), multilevel logistic regression is run to test the association between three health indicators while controlling for confounding variables such as mother’s age, education level and wealth. The health indicators are treatment of fevers, vaccination against measles and underweight. The results show some statistically significant associations, with all three variables supporting the hypothesis that children in age heterogamous families are doing worse. Children of couples with a larger than average age gap have lower likelihood of being treated for fever or cough, and a higher likelihood of being underweight, and children of couples with a smaller than average age gap have a higher likelihood of having received the first measles vaccination. The results show that the age gap between parents is a factor to take into consideration when studying child health and family structures in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Okonya, Ramona. "The Role of Family Structure in the Abuse of Children." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5240.
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Every year, about 1 million children are abused in the United States and an average of 4.5 of those children die daily at the hands of caretakers, parents, relatives, or friends. Using the ecological model as a guide, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family structure and specific types of child maltreatment utilizing cases from an agency in Montgomery, Alabama, in 2012-2013. Approximately 727 cases of child maltreatment were reviewed. Logistic regression results indicate married and common law families' children are 1.83 times more likely to experience sexual abuse than the reference category (single) (OR= 1.834, 95% CI:1.19, 2.81). As it relates to relationship to the offender, children are 2.1 times more likely to experience sexual abuse from an acquaintance; someone who is known by the child but is a non-family member, compared to the reference level (stranger) (OR= 2.1, 95% CI:1.20, 3.65). This research can promote positive social change by providing awareness to the local community about child maltreatment; the findings provide policymakers, public health departments, healthcare officials, health advocates, and communities needed information on the child maltreatment and the specific family structures that are associated.
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Ebdon, Rosamund. "Community based health care the NGO way : an anthropological study of a maternal-child health and family planning programme in rural Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20492.
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This is an anthropological study of a rural Maternal-Child Health and Family Planning (MCH-FP) project and the community in which it worked, in Bangladesh. It analyses the Non-Government Organisation's (NGO's) approach to rural community-based health care and integrated development, using the health programme as a framework. Beginning with an examination of the NGO's relationships with its donor-funding and technical support organisations, it moves on to a critique of population policy from a socio-cultural perspective, focusing on issues of gender and poverty. The main conclusions call for an expansion of the MCH agenda to adopt a more holistic perspective on the social context of women's health. This involves recognising the role of men in women's health care and actively including them in programmes. It also necessitates recognising the heterogeneity of female needs, beyond those of the conventional MCH reproductory focus, and the recognition of domestic violence as a significant cause of female morbidity and mortality. The principal conclusion is, therefore, the need for a gender perspective in the formulation of health policy and the design and implementation of health programmes, and more active participation in these processes, not only of women, but all members of the community, particularly men and influential leaders. Finally, a comparison is made between the ethnography of this and other anthropological works on Bangladesh, placing the study in the context of existing literature.
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Mendenhall, Amy Naca. "Patterns and predictors of service utilization of children with mood disorders effects of a multi-family psychoeducation program /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1196271824.
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Skafida, Valeria. "Habits of a lifetime? : babies' and toddlers' diets and family life in Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9521.
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Scotland has the highest rates of child obesity in Europe with more than 1 in every 4 children aged between 2 and 15 being overweight or obese in 2008. The need to curb the nation’s unhealthy eating habits through Scottish public health policy has been acknowledged, although there remains a shortage of policy addressing the eating habits of infants and young children as they develop in the context of family life. This is matched by a shortage of empirical research which uses nationally representative longitudinal data on Scottish children, to look at how diets of children under five develop within the home. This doctoral research seeks to explain how children’s nutritional trajectories develop from birth through infancy and into early childhood in contemporary Scotland within the context of maternal resources, maternal use of nutrition advice, and family meal habits. Theoretical concepts pertaining to social constructionism and the symbolic meaning of meal rituals, as well as theories of risk and responsibilisation, human capital and health behaviours, and discussions about agency and structure, frame the research questions and the interpretation of results. The research draws on the first three annual sweeps of the Growing Up in Scotland nationally representative, longitudinal survey of families and young children. The analysis is based on multivariate proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models. The empirical analysis shows that maternal education is a consistently superior predictor of children’s nutritional outcomes, when compared to maternal occupational classification and household income, and that children of more educated mothers have healthier diets throughout infancy and childhood. This points to the utility of human capital theories which stress the importance of education, rather than income, and also reflects on the need for policy to recognise the structural nature of nutritional inequalities. More educated mothers are also more likely to be proactive in using healthy eating advice, resonating with theories of risk awareness and medicalised childhoods. Surprisingly, mothers from disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to use advice from health professionals, possibly as a result of health professionals actively targeting their support to more ‘at risk’ families. Yet these mothers are also more apprehensive about the interference of health professionals in aspects of childrearing. Relevant policy reflections pointed to the need to identify how support for mothers from more disadvantaged backgrounds can be provided in formats which help to overcome the culture of mistrust towards health professionals prevalent among disadvantaged parents. Nevertheless, positive associations between infant diet and maternal use of breastfeeding advice from health professionals are found, in line with theories of power-knowledge, lending support to information-based policy initiatives as a tool for improving infant nutrition. The analysis also indicates that children who are breastfed, and children who are weaned later have healthier diets in their toddler years, which contributes to the proposal of a theoretical typology explaining how young children’s nutritional trajectories evolve from the pre-partum period through infancy and childhood. Finally, the analysis suggests that communal patterns of eating play an important role in children’s dietary quality, attesting to the importance of the meal ritual as a vehicle for socialising children into developing particular tastes for food. Thus, there seems to be room for policy initiatives which address not only what children eat, but how young children and families eat in the context of everyday family life.
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Wood, David L. "Family Poverty and Its Impact on Children and Youth." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5166.
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Wood, David L. "Family Poverty and Its Impact on Children and Youth." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5176.
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Ku, Seulki. "The Development of Executive Function in the Family Context during Early and Middle Childhood." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1513255143917616.
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Kull, Melissa. "Early Physical Health Problems as Developmental Liabilities for School Readiness: Associations with Early Learning Contexts and Family Socioeconomic Status." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104143.
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Thesis advisor: Rebekah Levine ColeyEmerging research suggests that children's physical health may account for some of the variability in developmental competencies at school entry, which are the cognitive, learning, and behavioral skills necessary for long-term academic achievement. Most studies on children's health find that neonatal risks, like low birth weight and premature birth, impair children's early functioning, but little is known about other domains of children's health, like global health or acute and chronic conditions, which may be associated with functioning at school entry. Moreover, it is unclear what role physical health may play in children's access to and engagement in home and early childhood education center-based learning contexts, which may function as pathways linking early health disparities with later development. This dissertation tested direct associations between a range of childhood health problems and school readiness skills at kindergarten entry, as well as indirect and interacted associations with early learning contexts. Given the well-established socioeconomic gradient in both health and development, analyses also explored whether associations linking health and development were conditional on family socioeconomic status. Data were drawn from the nationally representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (Birth Cohort; N = 5,900), which follows a cohort of children born in 2001 from infancy through kindergarten entry. Linear regressions and path analyses revealed that four of five health conditions were associated with lower school readiness skills, most consistently in the domains of cognitive and learning skills. Neonatal risks, poor health, and hospitalization functioned directly to predict lower cognitive and learning skills, where as asthma diagnosis predicted heightened learning skills. Only poor health functioned indirectly through more restricted home learning activities. Children's time in ECE functioned in a compensatory role to attenuate associations between hospitalization and lower school readiness skills. Across all models, there was no evidence that measured associations varied across the family socioeconomic spectrum. Findings highlight the importance of interdisciplinary research on child well-being and draw attention to potential avenues for prevention and intervention
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
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Wood, David L., and T. Staton. "Healthy Children and Families Workgroup Report." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5149.
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Moosa, Sulaiman Essa Ismail. "An evaluation of parental knowledge of childhood asthma in a Family Practice setting." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25795.
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The purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate parental knowledge and misconceptions with regard to asthma and its treatment, to identify parental concerns with regard to the disease and its effects on their children, and to identify selected socio-demographic and medical correlates of the above. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 54 families with a child with asthma. The sample comprised all the parents of a consecutive series of asthmatic patients between the ages of two to eighteen years attending a family practice in Mandalay on the Cape Flats. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire administered to 52 mothers and 48 fathers, reflecting a 95.2 per cent response rate. Respondents completed the questionnaire in their homes. A 55 item Asthma Knowledge Test was developed and validated to assess medical knowledge. Parents obtained an average score of 72%. Scores of over 70% were obtained in the sub-sections of aetiology, symptomatology, pathophysiology, precipitants and environmental control. Parents were less informed in the sub-sections of asthma prognosis, general medical knowledge and asthma therapy. Misconceptions and deficiencies in asthma knowledge which could lead to inadvertent non-compliance were identified. The following misconceptions were shared by a significant number of parents: inhaler therapy weakens the heart, regular administration of medication leads to addiction and medicines becoming ineffective, and folk remedies are effective in asthma therapy. Parental educational status was the only significant correlate with performance on the Asthma Knowledge Test. There was no significant difference in the performances of mothers and fathers. 47% of parents smoked but there was no significant difference in the scores of smokers and non-smokers. Parental concerns centred predominantly on their lack of confidence to manage acute asthma attacks, followed by concern as to whether their children will outgrow asthma. Dependence on asthma medication and its perceived harmful effect on the heart and lungs were other concerns. The findings suggest the need for systematic asthma education especially with regard to acute attack management and preventive medications. The aims of such education should be to increase asthma knowledge, develop skills, improve attitudes, and develop positive expectations toward the outcome and effectiveness of treatment. An effort should be undertaken to discourage parental smoking in asthmatic families. Attention should be given to dispel misconceptions during educational programmes. The increased information needs of parents with a lower education should be addressed by health professionals. Parents should receive adequate information during the early stages of the disease to minimise their insecurity in coping with the illness and prevent the development of misconceptions that undermine their confidence in medications and care givers.
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Kaylor, Barbara J. "Child abuse has Healthy Start made a difference in Oregon? /." Related resources; Click on: Programs & Initiatives > Healthy Start, 2002. http://www.ccf.state.or.us/pageoccfsitemap.html.
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Brindle, Jillian. "A study of family perceived needs and interventions provided by the Comprehensive Health Investment Project." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45000.
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The demographics and perceived needs of the Comprehensive Health Investment Project participants were studied along with the interventions provided by the CHIP staff. Demographic information and perceived needs were calculated on 397 household heads. These families were followed for a year and the interventions provided to them during that year were recorded. Intervention records were collected quarterly and analyzed for comparisons with the family profile grid.Results show a unique demographic makeup of CHIP participants. Sixty percent of household heads had one or more years of college; 66 percent were employed at the time of the study; 73 percent were receiving federal financial assistance of some kind. Health and nutrition of the family were the main concerns of the clients. Other needs included financial assistance, employment, and housing. Eleven percent of interventions provided by CHIP throughout the study year were directed towards financial assistance. Ten percent of services were employment oriented. CHIP participants were also shown to use physicians during well times - not just during emergencies. Results and conclusions are discussed in detail.Master of Science
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Tesfu, Solomon T. "Essays on the Effects of Early Childhood Malnutrition, Family Preferences and Personal Choices on Child Health and Schooling." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/econ_diss/59.
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This dissertation consists of three essays investigating the role of early life events, family environment and personal choices in shaping a child’s chances for human capital accumulation. The first essay examines how physical stature of a child measured in terms of age standardized height influences his/her selection for family labor activities vs. schooling in rural Ethiopia using malnutrition caused by exposure to significant weather shocks in early childhood as sources of identification for the child’s physical stature. We find no evidence that better physical stature of the child leads to his/her positive selection for full-time child labor activities. On the other hand we found reasonably strong and consistent evidence that physically more robust children are more likely to combine child labor and schooling than physically weaker children. The findings indicate that, although better early childhood nutrition leads to higher chances of attending school, it may also put the child at additional pressure to participate in family labor activities which may be reflected in poor performance in schooling.
The second essay empirically investigates whether the quantity deficit in the children of the mother’s preferred gender is compensated through their favorable treatment in terms of investment in schooling and nutrition (referred to as compensating hypothesis) and to what extent the mother uses her bargaining power in the family to influence this process. We use data from siblings and twins in two rounds of the demographic and health surveys of Ethiopia with robustness checks using a similar but larger data set from India. We find the mother’s bargaining power working in the opposite direction to that of the compensating hypothesis in the case of child schooling and having no substantive role in the case of child nutritional health. Our findings for child schooling imply that mother’s empowerment could turn out to be unfavorable to a child’s attendance of schooling in the circumstances where the child is needed to help out with family activities.
In the third essay we use date from the 1997 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of the Youth (NLSY97) to examine the extent to which high school completion (and to a limited extent college enrollment) are influenced by the choice teenagers make as to when to start dating and/or engage in sex, how many dating and/or sex partners to maintain, and how frequently to engage in sexual and/or dating activities. We use indicators of parental and peer religiosity as instruments for teenager’s involvement in sex and dating activities. While our results for teenage dating are generally weaker than those for teenage sex, the overall pattern of our estimates suggests that teenage sex and dating could have significant effects not only on high school completion but also the subsequent enrollment in a college.
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Austin, Katie. "The concept of recovery within child and adolescent mental health : is family recovery relevant? : a grounded theory approach." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600021.
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The principles of Recovery have become prominent in shaping UK health care policy across the lifespan. However there has been little research conducted to determine Recovery's applicability to young people or their families. This study therefore aimed to explore whether a Recovery concept was relevant to the family's experience of childhood mental illness. Method A qualitative methodology was applied to the study. 11 participants took part in semi-structured interviews. A social constructionist position was adopted and Abbreviated Grounded Theory was used to analyse the transcripts. Results Four related categories were constructed from the data, including "Experiencing Distress". "Family Reactivity, "Gaining Control as Individuals" and "Adjusting the Status Quo". Individuals' search for containment and connection resonated as core processes across categories. Conclusions The constructed model was compared against the current literature on Recovery. Whilst the data did not support the notion of a collective Family Recovery, similarities with the Recovery literature supported an argument for the presence of a Family Member Recovery process. However, a direct transfer from the adult literature could not be supported in the data, with clear differences identified between the current conceptualisation and the themes within the adult Family Recovery literature. A critique of the study was considered and implications of the results for policy, practise and research development were discussed.
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Holt, Nicole. "An Investigation of the Relationship Between Child, Family, and Community Factors and Early Childhood Oral Health and the Utilization of Dental Health Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3242.
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Background / Objective: Children under the age of 5 years bear a disproportionate burden of oral disease. The aim of this study is to investigate how child, family, and community determinants impact dental care utilization, and parental report of child’s oral health. Methods: Data for this study came from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children’s Health for children aged 1 to 5 years old. Dependent variables evaluated were if the child had an oral health problem, been to a dentist in the past year, and parents description of the child’s teeth. Independent variables were selected from child, family, and community levels. Binary logistic methods were applied to each outcome and predictor variable. Stepwise logistic regression models were constructed for child, family, and community variables. Additionally the mediating effect of oral health services utilization in the association between child, family and community factors and parental perception of child’s oral health was evaluated. National results and Health Resource Service Area (HRSA) region IV results were compared.
Results: In the national (n=24,875) and HRSA region IV sample (n=4,017) 9.7% and 10.2% of caregivers, reported that the child had an oral health problem in the past 12 months. Fewer than half (46.7%) of caregivers reported that their child had visited a dentist in the past 12 months. Absence of neighborhood cohesion, neighborhood amenities, and residence in metropolitan statistical area all had positive significant effects on children seeing a dentist. There was a mediating effect by utilization of oral health services between child with special health care needs (p=0.005), number of children (p=0.045) and adults (p=0.046) in the household, and tobacco use (p=0.018) and parents perception of oral health in the HRSA region IV population.
Conclusion: This study identified several factors as correlates of poor oral health outcomes. Our results expand our knowledge of early childhood oral health by studying how oral health is impacted not only by child factors but also the family and community at large. Our results begin identifying the unique constellation of risk factors that contribute to early childhood oral health.
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McClintock, Damian Gearld. "The Effectiveness of Child Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT) for Fathers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609171/.
Full textAbstract:
High levels of quality father involvement in childhood are associated with children's socio-emotional, cognitive, and behavioral wellbeing. However, fathers can experience difficulty in building positive relationships with their kids due to work-life balance, lack of relational experience, and other life stressors. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of child-parent relationship therapy (CPRT) on fathers' parental empathy, parental stress, and child behavior problems. Though an abundance of literature exists to support the efficacy of CPRT, this was the first study to include a randomized controlled design with an all-male sample. This was also the first CPRT study to include both English and Spanish speaking fathers with intervention offered in both languages. Participants were 30 fathers (22 English, 8 Spanish; 53% Latino, 40% Caucasian, 7% Asian) with children between the ages of 3 and 10 (60% male, 40% female; 57% Latino/a, 37% Caucasian, 6% Asian). Fathers were randomly assigned to the experimental group (CPRT) (n = 14) or waitlist control group (n = 16). Results from 2 (Group) by 2 (Time) repeated measures ANOVAs did not yield statistically significant interaction effects on the dependent variables. However, results indicated a statistically significant main effect for time on each dependent variable with large effect sizes. Results of the paired samples t-test post hoc analyses indicated a statistically significant change over time for the experimental (CPRT) group and a non-statistically significant change over time for the control group on all dependent variables. Findings of this study support previous studies on the effectiveness of CPRT, but also indicate a need for future research to more accurately determine the effectiveness of CPRT for fathers compared to a waitlist control group.