Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemistry of humic substances

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Chemistry of humic substances'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Steinberg, Christian E. W., Thomas Meinelt, Maxim A. Timofeyev, Michal Bittner, and Ralph Menzel. "Humic substances." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 15, no. 2 (July 3, 2007): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2007.07.434.

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McDonald, Suzanne, Andrea G. Bishop, Paul D. Prenzler, and Kevin Robards. "Analytical chemistry of freshwater humic substances." Analytica Chimica Acta 527, no. 2 (December 2004): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2004.10.011.

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Klavins, Maris, and Oskars Purmalis. "Humic substances as surfactants." Environmental Chemistry Letters 8, no. 4 (July 25, 2009): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-009-0232-z.

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Klavins, M., and L. Eglı̄te. "Immobilisation of humic substances." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 203, no. 1-3 (April 2002): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(01)01066-4.

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Perminova, Irina V. "From green chemistry and nature-like technologies towards ecoadaptive chemistry and technology." Pure and Applied Chemistry 91, no. 5 (May 27, 2019): 851–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-1110.

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Abstract Nature-like technologies can be considered as a logical development of green chemistry principles implemented to design novel materials and processes aimed at mimicking and reproducing natural life-sustaining mechanisms on molecular level. Humic substances which penetrate throughout the entire environment and represent from 50 to 90% of organic matter in soil and water ecosystems, play multiple life-sustaining functions on Earth. To name a few, HS regulate transport and availability of biogenic elements to plants, immobilize and mitigate toxicity of hazardous elements in the contaminated ecosystems, protect plants from non-specific abiotic stresses, play key role for fertility of soils determining water-retention and structure. Here we represent a novel platform for nature-inspired synthesis of soft and hybrid (nano)materials aimed at their use for soil and water clean up, carbon sequestration, soil fertility restoration. It is based on a smart use of natural hyperbranched polyelectrolytes – humic substances, which possess multiple functional groups including carboxyl, hydroxyl, amide, and others. Multiple functional groups of HS make them amenable both for classical chemical modification as well as for producing interpolyelectrolyte complexes. In this work, we present both approaches for manufacturing silicon-containing humic derivatives and supramolecular complexes with acquired new property – self-adhesion to both inorganic and bio-surfaces. The synthesis is conducted using humic materials from different sources and functional organosilanes. Self-assembly of the supramolecular silicon-humic systems occurs with formation of humic-silsesquioxane networks capable to adhere to mineral surfaces. This process is similar to immobilization of organic coatings to mineral surfaces. We have shown how this process can be realized in the ground waters for the purposes of the environmental clean up. We have also proposed to use the silicon-humic complexes for improving humus content of soils and for reconstructing soil restoration processes both in the lab and in the field. Another field of our research is synthesis of iron-containing humics-stabilized nanoparticles (NPs), which can be used as a source for plants nutrition instead of synthetic iron chelates. The idea is based on the natural phenomenon that in soils, water-stable sols of iron-containing NPs are formed due to complexing with HS, which can bind large amounts of poorly ordered iron (hydr)oxides providing for stabilization of colloidal iron in the form of NPs. It has been numerously shown that the presence of HS improves iron acquisition by plants in soils, but there was no systematic study so far with respect to a relationship between size and crystallinity of humics-stabilized iron-containing NPs and their availability to plants. We have conducted such a study and could establish conditions when humics-stabilized NPs could be taken up by plants with similar efficiency as FeEDTA. The presented data demonstrate good prospects for a use of green humics-based materials in nature-like technologies. We also hope that these studies will give rise to new branch of chemistry and technology which can be called ecoadaptive chemistry and technology.
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Jarukas, Laurynas, Liudas Ivanauskas, Giedre Kasparaviciene, Juste Baranauskaite, Mindaugas Marksa, and Jurga Bernatoniene. "Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102995.

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Black, brown, and light peat and sapropel were analyzed as natural sources of organic and humic substances. These specific substances are applicable in industry, agriculture, the environment, and biomedicine with well-known and novel approaches. Analysis of the organic compounds fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin in different peat and sapropel extracts from Lithuania was performed in this study. The dominant organic compound was bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) carbonate, which varied from 6.90% to 25.68% in peat extracts. The highest mass fraction of malonic acid amide was in the sapropel extract; it varied from 12.44% to 26.84%. Significant amounts of acetohydroxamic, lactic, and glycolic acid derivatives were identified in peat and sapropel extracts. Comparing the two extraction methods, it was concluded that active maceration was more efficient than ultrasound extraction in yielding higher amounts of organic compounds. The highest amounts of fulvic acid (1%) and humic acid and humin (15.3%) were determined in pure brown peat samples. This research on humic substances is useful to characterize the peat of different origins, to develop possible aspects of standardization, and to describe potential of the chemical constituents.
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Janoš, Pavel. "Separation methods in the chemistry of humic substances." Journal of Chromatography A 983, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01687-4.

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Anderson, H. A., A. Hepburn, J. D. Miller, M. Stewart, R. C. Ferrier, and T. A. B. Walker. "Humic substances of surface waters." Analytica Chimica Acta 232 (1990): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)81220-9.

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Kotzias, D., M. Herrmann, A. Zsolnay, R. Beyerle-Pfnür, H. Parlar, and F. Korte. "Photochemical aging of humic substances." Chemosphere 16, no. 7 (January 1987): 1463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(87)90086-5.

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Klavins, Maris, Linda Eglite, and Andris Zicmanis. "Immobilized humic substances as sorbents." Chemosphere 62, no. 9 (March 2006): 1500–1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.06.015.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Alotaibi, Yousef. "Chemistry of humic-like substances in the atmosphere." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405706.

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O'Loughlin, Edward John. "Association of organotin compounds with aquatic humic substances /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487946776023338.

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Kumke, Michael U., and Fritz Hartmann Frimmel. "Stationary and time-resolved fluorescence for humic substances characterization." Universität Potsdam, 2002. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1235/.

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Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence methods were applied to investigate the fluorescence properties of humic substances of different origins. Using standard 2D emission and total luminescence spectra, fluorescence maxima, the width of the fluorescence band and a relative fluorescence quantum efficiency were determined. Different trends for fulvic acids and humic acids were observed indicating differences in the heterogeneity of the sample fractions. The complexity of the fluorescence decay of humic substances is discussed and compared to simple model compounds. The effect of oxidation of humic substances on their fluorescence properties is discussed as well.
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Kim, Jong-Soo. "Characteristics of humic substances and their removal behavior in water treatment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21469.

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Scanlon, M. M. "Some aspects of the interaction of humic substances with metal ions." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9783/.

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Humic substances are the major organic constituents of soils and sediments. They are heterogeneous, polyfunctional, polydisperse, macromolecular and have no accurately known chemical structure. Their interactions with radionuclides are particularly important since they provide leaching mechanisms from disposal sites. The central theme to this research is the interaction of heavy metal actinide analogues with humic materials. Studies described focus on selected aspects of the characteristics and properties of humic substances. Some novel approaches to experiments and data analysis are pursued. Several humic substances are studied; all but one are humic acids, and those used most extensively were obtained commercially. Some routine characterisation techniques are applied to samples in the first instance. Humic substances are coloured, but their ultra-violet and visible absorption spectra are featureless. Yet, they fluoresce over a wide range of wavelengths. Enhanced fluorescence in the presence of luminescent europium(III) ions is explained by energy transfer from irradiated humic acid to the metal ion in a photophysical model. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is applied to the study of humic acids and their complexes with heavy metals. Proton and carbon-13 NMR provides some structural and functionality information; Paramagnetic lanthanide ions affect these spectra. Some heavy metals are studied as NMR nuclei, but measurements are restricted by their sensitivity. A humic acid is fractionated yielding a broad molecular weight distribution. Electrophoretic mobilities and particle radii determined by Laser doppler electrophoretic Light Scattering are sensitive to the conditions of the supporting media, and the concentration and particle size distribution of humic substances. In potentiometric titrations of humate dispersions, the organic matter responds slowly and the mineral acid addition is buffered. Proton concentration data is modelled and a mechanism is proposed involving two key stages, both resulting in proton release after some conformational changes.
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Hale, Kerry Anne. "The formation, synthesis and reactions of humic polymers in chemical and biological systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329937.

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Kwon, Deokhyeon. "Optical and physicochemical properties of secondary organic aerosol and aerosol generated from humic substances." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6455.

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A great deal of attention has been paid to brown carbon aerosol in the troposphere because it can both scatter and absorb solar radiation, thus affecting the Earth’s climate. However, knowledge of the optical and chemical properties of brown carbon aerosol is still limited. In this thesis, we have investigated different aspects of the optical and physicochemical properties of various brown carbon aerosol samples of potential atmospheric importance. First, reactions involving the di-carbonyl species methylglyoxal (MG) have been previously suggested as an important pathway for the production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the atmosphere. Reaction in an aqueous inorganic salt solution, such as ammonium sulfate (AS), leads to the formation of light-absorbing brown carbon (BrC) product. In this thesis work, we employed a variety of experimental approaches to investigate the optical and physicochemical properties of BrC aerosol generated from this AS-MG reaction (BrC (AS/MG)). Optical properties of the dried BrC (AS/MG) aerosol particles were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) extinction spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region, cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) at 403 nm in the visible, and by measuring the light scattering phase function and polarization profiles at two different visible wavelengths, 532 and 402 nm. In addition, we used UV−vis spectroscopy to measure the mass absorption coefficient (MAC) of the solution-phase reaction products. The different optical properties were measured as a function of reaction time for a period of up to 22 days. The UV-vis absorption spectra showed a clear increase in measured MAC in the visible and near UV as the solution aged. However, analysis of the light scattering data showed no significant differences between AS and BrC aerosol in the derived refractive indices at either 532 or 402 nm, even for the longest reaction times. The FTIR extinction spectra was modeled in a Mie theory simulation to derive the complex refractive index in the mid-IR range (7000-800 cm−1); the results showed no significant changes in either the real or the imaginary parts of the refractive indices for BrC (AS/MG) aerosol particles when compared to unreacted AS aerosol. From the CRDS extinction data, the optical constants for BrC (AS/MG) particles at 403 nm were also determined through a Mie theory based analysis. The retrieved real index of refraction at 403 nm is n = 1.551 ± 0.005, with an imaginary index value of k = 0.000 ± 0.002; these values do not appear to change significantly with aging time over the course of 22 days and are not markedly different from the AS aerosol values. The small imaginary index value suggests that BrC (AS/MG) aerosol formed from this pathway may not significantly contribute to warming. In addition, CRDS measurements of the BrC (AS/MG) aerosol extinction at 403 nm as a function of particle size show a significant deviation from Mie theory simulations for particles with diameters of ≳500 nm, probably as a result of non-spherical particle shape effects. We also employed atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based IR spectroscopy to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of single SOA particles. AFM analysis of the particle morphology shows that a significant fraction of BrC (AS/MG) particles with diameters of ≳500 nm are non-spherical in shape, consistent with our observed breakdown in the applicability of Mie theory for larger particles. In addition to these measurements, we have characterized additional physicochemical properties of the BrC (AS/MG) aerosol particles including hygroscopic growth using a tandem-differential mobility analyzer. Compared to AS, BrC aerosol particles are found to have lower deliquescence relative humidity (DRH), efflorescence relative humidity (ERH), and hygroscopic growth at the same relative humidity values. Second, we investigated the optical properties of the water soluble products of limonene BrC generated from ozonolysis of d-limonene with further aging by AS. Optical constants for the dried limonene BrC aerosol product were measured at 403 nm by CRDS over the course of 9 days of aging. While the fresh limonene BrC aerosol showed a significant non-zero absorption index, the aged samples showed absorption index values consistent with zero. This result was somewhat unexpected because UV-vis absorption spectra of the bulk reaction solution showed a continued increase in absorption as the solution aged. One possible explanation for this result is that there could be an increase in the fraction of volatile chromophores as the solution ages, that are then removed in the aerosol drying process. Third, we investigated optical properties and chemical compositions of several humic substance (HS) reference samples including humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) standards by CRDS, UV-vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Measurements of the optical properties of HS is important in atmospheric science, because it is thought that HS samples have similar optical properties to organic materials, such as HUmic-Like Substances (HULIS), that exist in clouds, fogs, rainwater, and atmospheric aerosol. The humic acid aerosol samples generally showed higher absorption index values than the fulvic acid aerosol samples. We also found a correlation between the absorption index and chemical composition, with the value for k generally increasing with both increasing carbon-to-oxygen atomic ratio and sample aromaticity. In addition, we compared our measured optical constants for the HS aerosol samples with results from previous studies of field collected HULIS. The absorption index values for the fulvic acid aerosol samples give a better match than the humic acid samples when compared to the results from the field collected samples. Overall, these studies provide new details of the optical and physicochemical properties of a class of brown carbon organic aerosol which may have important implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate.
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Kumke, Michael U., and Sascha Eidner. "Fluorescence and energy transfer processes of humic substances and related model compounds in terbium complexes." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1225/.

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The fluorescence properties and the fluorescence quenching by Tb3+ of substituted benzoic acid were investigated in solution at different pH. The substituted benzoic acids were used as simple model compounds for chromophores present in humic substances (HS). It is shown that the fluorescence properties of the model compounds resemble fluorescence of HS quite well. A major factor determining the fluorescence of model compounds are proton transfer reactions in the electronically excited state. It is intriguing that the fluorescence of the model compounds was almost not quenched by Tb3+ while the HS fluorescence was decreased very effectively. From our results we concluded that proton transfer reactions as well as conformational reorientation processes play an important role in the fluorescence of HS. The luminescence of bound Tb3+ was sensitized by an energy transfer step upon excitation of the model compounds and of HS, respectively. For HS the observed sensitization was dependent on its origin indicating differences 1) in the connection between chromophores and binding sites and 2) in the energy levels of the chromophore triplet states. Hence, the observed sensitization of the Tb3+ luminescence could be useful to characterize structural differences of HS in solution. Interlanthanide energy transfer between Tb3+ and Nd3+ was used to determine the average distance R between both ions using the well-known formalism of luminescence resonance energy transfer. R was dependent on the origin of the HS reflecting the difference in structure. The value of Rmin seemed to be a unique feature of the HS. It was further found that upon variation of the pH R also changed. This demonstrates that the measurement of interlanthanide energy transfer can be used as a direct method to monitor conformational changes in HS.
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Gonzalez, Raymat Hansell. "Unrefined Humic Substances as a Potential Low-cost Remediation Method for Groundwater Contaminated with Uranium in Acidic Conditions." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3864.

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Anthropogenic activities such as uranium mining and milling, nuclear weapons production, and nuclear reprocessing have left a legacy of groundwater and soil contaminated with uranium that needs to be addressed. Therefore, developing new remediation technologies to sequester uranium in situ is crucial. The objective of the study was to determine if low-cost commercially available unrefined humic substances, such as Huma-K, can be used to facilitate uranium sorption to minerals in soil and sediment. Sediments from the saturated zone beneath the F-Area seepage basins at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina were used for the present study. The SRS site is analogous to many contaminated locations where groundwater acidity enhances uranium and other contaminants mobility. First, a variety of techniques were applied to characterize Huma-K and SRS sediment. Characterization studies showed that Huma-K possesses functional groups that have an acidic nature such as carboxyl and phenol groups. For SRS sediment, a mineral composition of mainly quartz (93.2%), kaolinite (5.1%), and goethite (1.1%) was identified. Second, the interactions between Huma-K and SRS sediment were investigated through batch experiments. Sorption, homogeneous precipitation, and surfaced-induced precipitation were observed to be enhanced at pH 4. However, Huma-K removal from solution decreased with an increase of pH. The sorption behavior was not able to be described by any of the models employed (pseudo-first, pseudo-second, Langmuir, and Freundlich). Third, the interactions between uranium and SRS sediment with and without Huma-K amendment were investigated. In acidic conditions (pH 3-5), the sorption capacity of SRS sediment amended with Huma-K was significantly increased compared to plain sediment. At circumneutral conditions, uranium removal from solution decreased for SRS sediment amended with Huma-K, compared with plain sediments, likely as a result of the formation of aqueous uranium-humic complexes. In summary, the results from the present study suggest that Huma-K, and likely other unrefined humate products, has the characteristics and effects necessary to be suitable for subsurface injection to remediate uranium in acidic groundwater conditions. The treatment zone will persist as long as the pH does not increase sufficiently to cause soil-bound Huma-K to be released, remobilizing uranium.
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Davis, Christina Clarkson. "Aqueous Silica in the Environment: Effects on Iron Hydroxide Surface Chemistry and Implications for Natural and Engineered Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33948.

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Aqueous silica is present in all natural waters and exhibits a high affinity for the surfaces of iron oxides. Therefore, it is expected to play an important role in environmental systems. Experiments were conducted to investigate the fundamentals of silica sorption onto pre-formed ferric hydroxide at pH 5.0-9.5 and silica concentrations of 0-200 mg/L as SiO2. Over the entire pH range studied, sorption densities exceeding monolayer sorption were observed at silica levels typical of natural waters. Under some circumstances, sorption exceeded a monolayer while the particle zeta potential remained positive, a phenomenon which is inconsistent with available models. To address this deficiency, an extended surface complexation model was formulated in which soluble dimeric silica sorbs directly to iron surface sites. This model fits sorption density data up to 0.40 mol SiO2/mol Fe, and it accurately predicts trends in zeta potential and the observed H+ release during silica sorption to ferric hydroxide at pH 5.0 and 6.0.

A second phase of research was aimed at identifying the practical implications of silica sorption to iron hydroxide in natural and engineered systems. Two types of surfaces were prepared by exposing pre-formed Fe(OH)3 to aqueous silica (0-200 mg/L as SiO2) for periods of 1.5 hours or 50 days. The concentration of pre-formed iron passing through a 0.45 micron pore size filter at pH 6.0-9.5 increased as the solids aged in the presence of silica. Consistent with formation of small, stable colloids, "soluble" iron concentrations exceeded 0.2 mg/L only at zeta potentials < -15 mV. When arsenate was added to iron hydroxide particles equilibrated with silica for 1.5 hours, percentage arsenate removals were high. In contrast, arsenate removals decreased markedly as pH and silica concentrations increased if silica was pre-equilibrated with the iron for 50 days. Trends in percentage removal of humic substances were similar. Competition for sorption sites was the main cause of hindered anionic contaminant removal. However, interference with hydrolysis and precipitation are expected to be important under some circumstances, particularly during water treatment.
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Books on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Zaujec, Anton, Slawomir S. Gonet, and Pavol Bielek. Humic substances in ecosystems. Bratislava: Soil Science and Conservation Reseach Institute, 1998.

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A, Ghabbour Elham, Davies Geoffrey 1942-, and Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), eds. Humic substances: Structures, models and functions. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2001.

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Krishnamurthy, S. Humic substances and contaminant transport: A review. [Washington, D.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992.

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Humic Substances Seminar (2nd 1998 Northeastern University). Humic substances: Structures, properties and uses. Cambridge: RSC, 1998.

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Orlov, D. S. Humic substances of soils and general theory of humification. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1995.

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H, Frimmel F., Christman R. F. 1936-, Bracewell J. M, Berlin (Germany : West). Senat., and Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft., eds. Humic substances and their role in the environment: Report of the Dahlem Workshop on Humic Substances and Their Role in the Environment, Berlin 1987, March 29-April 3. Chichester [West Sussex]: Wiley, 1988.

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Substancje humusowe i ich rola w funkcjonowaniu ekosystemów słodkowodnych. Białystok: Dział Wydawnictw Filii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego w Białymstoku, 1996.

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Ziechmann, Wolfgang. Humic substances. Mannheim: Wissenschaftsverlag, 1994.

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Ghabbour, E. A., and G. Davies, eds. Humic Substances. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551085.

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Hessen, Dag O., and Lars J. Tranvik, eds. Aquatic Humic Substances. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03736-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Perdue, E. Michael. "Effects of Humic Substances on Metal Speciation." In Advances in Chemistry, 281–95. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch019.

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Mallevialle, J., C. Anselme, and O. Marsigny. "Effects of Humic Substances on Membrane Processes." In Advances in Chemistry, 749–67. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch041.

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Ødegaard, Hallvard, and Thor Thorsen. "Removal of Humic Substances by Membrane Processes." In Advances in Chemistry, 769–82. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch042.

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Ødegaard, Hallvard, Helge Brattebø, and Ola Halle. "Removal of Humic Substances by Ion Exchange." In Advances in Chemistry, 813–34. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch045.

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Bollag, Jean-Marc, and Jerzy Dec. "Incorporation of halogenated substances into humic material." In Environment & Chemistry, 161–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0061-8_13.

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Sonnenberg, L. B., J. D. Johnson, and R. F. Christman. "Chemical Degradation of Humic Substances for Structural Characterization." In Advances in Chemistry, 3–23. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch001.

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Manahan, Stanley E. "Interactions of Hazardous-Waste Chemicals with Humic Substances." In Advances in Chemistry, 83–92. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch006.

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Bailey, George W., Leonid G. Akim, and Sergey M. Shevchenko. "Predicting Chemical Reactivity of Humic Substances for Minerals and Xenobiotics: Use of Computational Chemistry, Scanning Probe Microscopy, and Virtual Reality." In Humic Substances and Chemical Contaminants, 41–72. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/2001.humicsubstances.c3.

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Beckett, Ronald, James C. Bigelow, Zhang Jue, and J. Calvin Giddings. "Analysis of Humic Substances Using Flow Field-Flow Fractionation." In Advances in Chemistry, 65–80. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1988-0219.ch005.

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Ephraim, James H., Michael M. Reddy, and Jacob A. Marinsky. "Ion binding by humic substances: Considerations based on the solution chemistry and heterogeneity of humic substances." In Humic Substances in the Aquatic and Terrestrial Environment, 261–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0010478.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Polyakov, A. Yu, M. T. Cieschi, T. A. Sorkina, M. M. Zimbovskaya, V. A. Lebedev, D. S. Volkov, D. A. Pankratov, N. A. Kulikova, and I. V. Perminova. "Design of humic-based iron nanofertilizers: iron (hydr)oxide chemistry, nanoscale benefits, and multilevel impact of humic substances." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.polyakov.124.

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Burlakovs, Juris, Jovita Pilecka, Inga Grinfelde, and Ruta Ozola-Davidane. "Clay minerals and humic substances as landfill closure covering material constituents: first studies." In Research for Rural Development 2020. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.26.2020.032.

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Soil and groundwater as the leachate may contaminate surrounding watersheds, thus different pollutants from closed dumps and landfills pose significant risks to human health and ecology. Pollution may lead to soil and water degradation however it might be diminished through sustainable dump site closure projects and processual management. Several decades of clays and clay minerals studies lead to modified clay composites concept that is one of the potential promising solutions for building the landfill covering material and serve as capping biocover layer at the same time. As humic substances are constituents of soil organic matter, pollutants can be sorbed on the surfaces of complex molecules. This kind of humic acid-clay mineral composite materials thus might become as low cost building material component - covering material. Construction of such layer are to be performed as a combination of clay-humic composites and landfill mined fine fraction of waste with small amendment of natural soil. Several hypotheses that are already proven has to be mentioned: a) Clay minerals produce composites with humic substances; 2) Clay-humic complexes reduce through sorption both organic and inorganic pollutants; 3) Low risk of toxic byproducts from landfill mined waste fine fraction can be the problem; 4) Such composites mostly would trap toxic contaminants (e.g., pharmaceuticals) found in reworked fine fraction of waste. The aim of the work is to provide alternative solution for landfill closure by giving theoretical considerations from multidisciplinary knowledge of environmental engineering, chemistry and waste management.
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"Molecular composition - inhibition activity relationships for humic substances narrow fractions sets obtained by solid-phase extraction." In Sixth International Conference on Humic Innovative Technologies "Humic Substances and Eco-Adaptive Technologies ”(HIT – 2021). Non-Commercial Partnership "Center for Biogenic Resources "Humus Sapiens" (NP CBR "Humus Sapiens"), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2021.mikhnevich.001.

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Humic substances (HS) have a wide spectrum of biological activity including inhibitory activity against β-lactamases.1 The latter are capable of hydrolyzing beta-lactam antibiotics and represent one of the main pathways of bacterial antibiotic resistance. HS are characterized by low toxicity and good solubility in water. A use of HS for therapeutic purposes is hindered by extreme molecular heterogeneity and high level of isomeric complexity. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) fractionation in combination with ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) is a promising method to simplify this molecular system and isolate the most active components of HS. The aim of this work was to test various SPE fractionation schemes as an approach to directed isolation of the components with the given activity from HS. The sample of coal humic acids (CHA-G) was isolated from the commercial sodium humate “Genesis” and separated using SPE cartridge according to gradients in polarity1 and acidity2 inherent within the molecular components of HS. Inhibitory activity against β- lactamase TEM-1 and its mutants was measured using chromogenic substrate CENTA. Molecular composition of fractions was determined using FTICR mass spectrometer 15 T solariX (Bruker Daltonics) located at the Collective Use Center of Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of RAS. Molecular assignments were plotted into van Krevelen diagrams. The diagrams were binned into 20 cells are assigned to seven chemotypes, and occupational densities for each chemotype were calculated after Perminova.3 For the fractions separated by polarity, a substantial difference in the molecular composition was observed. Inhibitory activity grew along with an increase in hydrophobicity. The HS activity increased along with an increase in contribution of condensed tannins and phenylisopropanoids (O/C <0.5, H/C <1.4) and decreased along with contribution of hydrolyzed tannins (O/C> 0.5, H/C <1.4). The similar analysis was conducted for the fractions separated with regard to pKa value of the dominating functional groups. The most isomeric complex molecular components were defined, which can be found in different HS fractions, but they are identical in elemental composition. The data obtained make it possible to choose the most efficient fractionation method that effectively lowers the molecular complexity of HS and makes it possible to isolate the most active HS fractions. SPE-fractionation in combination with 2D chromatography is going to be used in our future studies to achieve high resolution separation and more reliable “molecular composition-activity” relationships. Further research might bring substantial advance in the field of directed design of biologically active humic-based materials and compositions. Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation no 21-73-20202. The center of collective use of the Zelinsky IOC RAS is appreciated. The research was conducted in the framework of the Scientific-Educational School of the Lomonosov MSU “Future of the plant and global environmental change”. References 1. Mikhnevich et al., ACS Omega, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02841 2. Zherebker et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 2667−2677 3. Perminova, I. V. PAC, 2019, 91(5), 851
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Chukov, S. N. "Molecular mechanisms of humic substances stabilization." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.chukov.025.

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Mirza, M. A. "Humic substances in the healthcare industry." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.mirza.014.

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Avvakumova, N. P., O. V. Shurygina, M. A. Krivopalova, D. A. Rusakov, Yu V. Zhernov, M. N. Glubokova, and E. E. Katunina. "Humic substances of peloid as natural adaptogens." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.avvakumova.087.

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Kudryasheva, N. S., E. S. Kovel, A. S. Sachkova, and T. V. Rozhko. "Peculiarities of antioxidant activity of humic substances." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.kudryasheva.072.

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Dudare, Diana. "PEAT HUMIC SUBSTANCES AS SORBENT FOR NANOMATERIALS." In 13th SGEM GeoConference NANO, BIO AND GREEN � TECHNOLOGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/bf6/s24.009.

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Sirbu, Carmen. "HUMIC SUBSTANCES HOLDUP ON BIO POLYMERIC STRUCTURES." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/s13.030.

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Golovach, Anna P., Alexander S. Kozlovski, Ivan I. Lishtvan, Nicolai A. Nemkovich, and Anatoly N. Rubinov. "Conformational transformation of humic substances in water." In Laser Applications in Life Sciences: 5th International Conference, edited by Pavel A. Apanasevich, Nikolai I. Koroteev, Sergei G. Kruglik, and Victor N. Zadkov. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.197415.

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Reports on the topic "Chemistry of humic substances"

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Schutt, Timothy C., and Manoj K. Shukla. Computational Investigation on Interactions Between Some Munitions Compounds and Humic Substances. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39703.

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Humic acid substances (HAs) in natural soil and sediment environments effect the retention and degradation of insensitive munitions compounds and legacy high explosives (MCs): DNAN, DNi- NH4+, nMNA, NQ, NTO (neutral and anionic forms), TNT, and RDX.A humic acid model compound has been considered using molecular dynamics, thermodynamic integration, and density functional theory to characterize the munition binding ability, ionization potential, and electron affinity compared to that in the water solution. Humic acids bind most compounds and act as both a sink and source for electrons. Ionization potentials suggest HAs are more susceptible to oxidation than the MCs studied. The electron affinity of HAs are very conformation-dependent and spans the same range as the munition compounds. When HAs and MCs are complexed the HAs tend to radicalize first thus buffering MCs against reductive as well as oxidative attacks.
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Boggs, S. Jr, D. Livermore, and M. G. Seitz. Humic substances in natural waters and their complexation with trace metals and radionuclides: a review. [129 references]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5569909.

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois: Appendices. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-007.

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This report presents detailed histograms of data from the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). RSL data are provided for state and IDOT region, IDOT district, and county spatial subsets to examine the spatial variability and its relationship to thresholds defining natural background concentrations. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way (ROW) subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this report: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications.
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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-006.

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This report presents a statistical analysis of the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. The 3.7-million-record RSL database is compared with four independent studies of inorganic soil constituents of naturally occurring soils in Illinois. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this study: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications. The RSL database at a 95% confidence level is compared with current and proposed thresholds for defining naturally occurring soil concentrations for the selected analytes. The revised thresholds proposed by Cahill in 2017 are predominantly larger than the current standards found in the Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives rules and are in better agreement with observed distributions of soil concentrations for both naturally occurring and RSL soils. A notable exception is antimony (Sb), for which Cahill proposed a reduced threshold similar in magnitude to the median for many Illinois Department of Transportation districts.
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Humic substances in the Suwannee River, Georgia: Interactions, properties, and proposed structures. US Geological Survey, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wsp2373.

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Characterization of the International Humic Substances Society standard and reference fulvic and humic acids by solution state carbon-13 (13C) and hydrogen-1 (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. US Geological Survey, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri894196.

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