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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemistry of bitter substances

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chemistry of bitter substances'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

1

Hoffmann, Krystyna, Józef Hoffmann, Marta Huculak-Mączka, and Jakub Skut. "Investigation of applying calcium oxide for the removal of bitter substances from hop wastes." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-011-0007-8.

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Investigation of applying calcium oxide for the removal of bitter substances from hop wastes Utilization of brewery wastes is one of the solutions for the production of the fodder supplements containing biogenic nutrients. The condition of such application is to meet the requirements included in the regulations regarding animal feeding, particularly removing a bitter taste. The aim of the performed investigations was the removal of bitter acids from the post-extraction hop waste using the calcium oxide addition. For the examination hop wastes obtained as a by-product from the CO2 plant extraction in supercritical conditions, were applied. Physicochemical properties of the waste samples collected for the investigations were determined by applying the available standard analytical techniques. The analyses of the determination of bitter acids were carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method. During the experiments very good effects of bitter acids removal from hop wastes, were obtained by using CaO suspensions in water. The investigations on the influence of the CaO concentration in suspension on the efficiency of bitter acids removal indicate the possibility of applying suspensions by 2 wt% for this purpose.

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2

Yoshimatsu, Jumpei, Kiyoshi Toko, Yusuke Tahara, Misaki Ishida, Masaaki Habara, Hidekazu Ikezaki, Honami Kojima, Saeri Ikegami, Miyako Yoshida, and Takahiro Uchida. "Development of Taste Sensor to Detect Non-Charged Bitter Substances." Sensors 20, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 3455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123455.

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A taste sensor with lipid/polymer membranes is one of the devices that can evaluate taste objectively. However, the conventional taste sensor cannot measure non-charged bitter substances, such as caffeine contained in coffee, because the taste sensor uses the potentiometric measurement based mainly on change in surface electric charge density of the membrane. In this study, we aimed at the detection of typical non-charged bitter substances such as caffeine, theophylline and theobromine included in beverages and pharmaceutical products. The developed sensor is designed to detect the change in the membrane potential by using a kind of allosteric mechanism of breaking an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the carboxy group and hydroxy group of aromatic carboxylic acid (i.e., hydroxy-, dihydroxy-, and trihydroxybenzoic acids) when non-charged bitter substances are bound to the hydroxy group. As a result of surface modification by immersing the sensor electrode in a modification solution in which 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid was dissolved, it was confirmed that the sensor response increased with the concentration of caffeine as well as allied substances. The threshold and increase tendency were consistent with those of human senses. The detection mechanism is discussed by taking into account intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which cause allostery. These findings suggest that it is possible to evaluate bitterness caused by non-charged bitter substances objectively by using the taste sensor with allosteric mechanism.

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Rhyu, Mee-Ra, Yiseul Kim, and Takumi Misaka. "Suppression of hTAS2R16 Signaling by Umami Substances." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 7045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197045.

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Interaction between umami and bitter taste has long been observed in human sensory studies and in neural responses in animal models, however, the molecular mechanism for their action has not been delineated. Humans detect diverse bitter compounds using 25-30 members of the type 2 taste receptor (TAS2R) family of G protein-coupled receptor. In this study, we investigated the putative mechanism of antagonism by umami substances using HEK293T cells expressing hTAS2R16 and two known probenecid-insensitive mutant receptors, hTAS2R16 N96T and P44T. In wild type receptor, Glu-Glu, inosine monophosphate (IMP), and l-theanine behave as partial insurmountable antagonists, and monosodium glutamate (MSG) acts as a surmountable antagonist in comparison with probenecid as a full insurmountable antagonist. The synergism with IMP of umami substances still stands in the suppression of hTAS2R16 signaling. In mutagenesis analysis, we found that Glu-Glu, MSG, and l-theanine share at least one critical binding site on N96 and P44 with probenecid. These results provide the first evidence for a direct binding of umami substances to the hTAS2R16 through the probenecid binding pocket on the receptor, resulting in the suppression of bitterness.

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Sincar, Cerasela Dorina, Camelia Ana Grigore, Silvia Martu, Liliana Lacramioara Pavel, Alina Calin, Alina Plesea Condratovici, and Bianca Ioana Chesaru. "Chemical Senses Taste Sensation and Chemical Composition." Materiale Plastice 54, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.17.1.4810.

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Taste and smell are chemical senses, which means that the receptors (chemoreceptors) of these senses respond to chemical stimuli. In order for a substance to produce a taste sensation, it should be ingested in a solution or subsequently dissolved in saliva; a solid substance put in the mouth perfectly dry is tasteless. Therefore, taste receptors or taste buds occur only on wet surfaces, more precisely in the oral cavity in land vertebrates; however, in aquatic animals, these receptors are scattered all over the body. There are functionally different types of receptors for each of the primary tastes and the distribution of each type is not even on the surface of the tongue mucosa. The sweet and sour sensitive buds are located mainly on the tip of the tongue, those sensitive to acids are located on the sides of the tongue and those stimulated by the bitter taste are located towards the back of the tongue and in the epiglottis area. Taste may be generated by substances which touch the taste buds through the blood; thus, histamine injected intravenously causes a metallic taste, glucin a sweet taste, whereas jaundice may trigger a bitter taste due to the big concentration of gallbladder constituents in the blood.

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Khamidov, Arifjon Zhakhongirovich, Hakim Rakhmanovich Tukhtaev, Sabirjan Nigmatovich Aminov, and Bakhtigul Zhavli Kizi Azimova. "PROCESSING OF BITTER ALMOND KERNELS AND OBTAINING EXTRACTS BASED ON THEM." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021027775.

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Mountain almond kernels (seed) processing products are of practical interest as fungicidal, antimicrobial and antiviral substances, and also find application in medicine and cosmetics for various purposes. The composition and some technological properties of seeds of mountain almond seed (Amygdalus communis L. varietas amara DC.). Cultivated in the mountain zones (Bostanlyq) of Uzbekistan were studied. To obtain seeds from cold pressing, fatty oil was separated. The cake was degreased with organic solvents, the residues were dried and ground. Using gas-liquid chromatography, the presence of 3.24% amygdalin in the composition of crushed powder of bitter almonds was established. Spectral analysis of bitter almond powder showed the presence of Mg, P, Ca, K, Si, Sr, Fe, Mn, B, Cu and other elements. The nitrogen content of the powder determined by the Dume method was 5.72 (±0.2)%. Aqueous and ethanol extracts were obtained from bitter almond powder with a yield of 10.5 and 13.2%. Chromatographic analysis of the composition of the extracts showed the presence of 0.0029% amygdalin in aqueous and 27.2% in ethanol extracts. Protein with a yield of 35.25±0.2% was isolated from the studied powder of bitter almonds. The protein is purified by dialysis, centrifugation and identified by IR spectroscopy. The amino acid analysis of the composition of the hydrolyzate protein of bitter almonds showed the presence of glycine, aspartic acid, arginine, glutamine, alanine and other amino acids. Bitter almond seed powder, extracts and protein isolated from it are of practical interest for cosmetology practice.

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Margolskee, Robert F. "Molecular mechanisms of taste transduction." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 7 (January 1, 2002): 1125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274071125.

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Taste transduction is a specialized form of signal transduction by which taste receptor cells (TRCs) encode at the cellular level information about chemical substances encountered in the oral environment (so-called tastants). Bitter and sweet taste transduction pathways convert chemical information into a cellular second messenger code utilizing cyclic nucleotides, inositol trisphosphate, and/or diacyl glycerol. These messengers are components of signaling cascades that lead to TRC depolarization and Ca++ release. Bitter and sweet taste transduction pathways typically utilize taste-specific or taste-selective seven transmembrane-helix receptors, G proteins, effector enzymes, second messengers, and ion channels. The structural and chemical diversity of tastants has led to the need for multiple transduction mechanisms. Through molecular cloning and data mining, many of the receptors, G proteins, and effector enzymes involved in transducing responses to bitter and sweet compounds are now known. New insights into taste transduction and taste coding underlying sweet and bitter taste qualities have been gained from molecular cloning of the transduction elements, biochemical elucidation of the transduction pathways, electrophysiological analysis of the function of taste cell ion channels, and behavioral analysis of transgenic and knockout models.

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Jeruzal-Świątecka, Joanna, Wojciech Fendler, and Wioletta Pietruszewska. "Clinical Role of Extraoral Bitter Taste Receptors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (July 21, 2020): 5156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145156.

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Humans can recognise five basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. Sour and salty substances are linked to ion channels, while sweet, bitter and umami flavours are transmitted through receptors linked to the G protein (G protein-coupled receptors; GPCRs). There are two main types of GPCRs that transmit information about sweet, umami and bitter tastes—the Tas1r and TAS2R families. There are about 25 functional TAS2R genes coding bitter taste receptor proteins. They are found not only in the mouth and throat, but also in the intestines, brain, bladder and lower and upper respiratory tract. The determination of their purpose in these locations has become an inspiration for much research. Their presence has also been confirmed in breast cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells and neuroblastoma, revealing a promising new oncological marker. Polymorphisms of TAS2R38 have been proven to have an influence on the course of chronic rhinosinusitis and upper airway defensive mechanisms. TAS2R receptors mediate the bronchodilatory effect in human airway smooth muscle, which may lead to the creation of another medicine group used in asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The discovery that functionally compromised TAS2R receptors negatively impact glucose homeostasis has produced a new area of diabetes research. In this article, we would like to focus on what facts have been already established in the matter of extraoral TAS2R receptors in humans.

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Wu, Xiao, Takeshi Shiino, Yusuke Tahara, Hidekazu Ikezaki, and Kiyoshi Toko. "Quantification of Pharmaceutical Bitterness Using a Membrane Electrode Based on a Hydrophobic Tetrakis [3,5-Bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] Borate." Chemosensors 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9020028.

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Technologies for quantifying bitterness are essential for classifying medicines. As previously reported, taste sensors with lipid polymer membranes can respond to bitter hydrochloride substances in pharmaceuticals. However, the acid hydrolysis reaction between the lipid phosphoric acid di-n-decyl ester (PADE) and the plasticizer tributyl o-acetylcitrate (TDAB) led to a deterioration in sensor responses during storage. Given the cost of transportation and preservation for commercialization, membrane components that maintain physical and chemical stability during long-term storage are needed. Here we present a membrane electrode based on hydrophobic tetrakis [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] borate (TFPB) and a plasticizer 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) for the quantification of pharmaceutical bitterness; they maintain a stable response before and after accelerated deterioration, as well as high selectivity and sensitivity. It is a first attempt to use a completely dissociative substance to replace non-completely dissociative lipids. Our work offsets the long-term stability issue of a bitterness sensor with a negatively charged hydrophobic membrane. Meanwhile, we provide the opportunity to select surface charge modifiers for a membrane surface using ester plasticizers containing oppositely charged impurities.

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Sakurai, Takanobu, Takumi Misaka, Toshitada Nagai, Yoshiro Ishimaru, Shinji Matsuo, Tomiko Asakura, and Keiko Abe. "pH-Dependent Inhibition of the Human Bitter Taste Receptor hTAS2R16 by a Variety of Acidic Substances." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, no. 6 (March 25, 2009): 2508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf8040148.

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Gzyra-Jagieła, Karolina, Monika Owczarek, Monika Szkopiecka, Sylwia Jagodzińska, Marzena Dymel, Patrycja Kudra-Miros, and Michał Kudra. "BIODEGRADABLE NONWOVEN ACTIVATED POLYESTER WITH CHITOSAN: POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXV (September 30, 2020): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.25.007.

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Textile products enriched with natural substances, e.g. hyaluronic acid, plant hydrolates, collagen and chitosan, may find wide application in cosmetics because of increasing consumer interest in natural products. Furthermore, in view of global environmental pollution, products that are produced through biochemical changes as a result of composting are sought. This makes it possible to enter such designed cosmetic products into the scheme of the currently desired circular economy. Compostable textiles are an ecological alternative to product backlogs and polluting the environment in the form of post-consumer waste. Therefore, this research work developed a technology for applying natural substances on a biodegradable polyester fibrous substrate. This study developed the optimal composition of a mixture consisting of natural substances with properties applicable to the cosmetic industry, for applications such as cosmetic masks to improve the appearance of the skin. The composition of active substances that have beneficial effects on the skin, e.g. moisturizing, regenerating, antibacterial and caring, was determined. The mixture was effectively applied on a spunbound nonwoven substrate of made from aliphatic-aromatic copolyester by impregnation. The employed polymer degraded in a compost environment and its modifiers additionally supported this process. The unique composition of the applied coating layer consisted of a mixture of sodium hyaluronate, collagen, bitter orange blossom hydrolate (Neroli) and chitosan lactate. The coated nonwoven fabric was subjected to physical, mechanical, microbiological as well as chemical purity and structural tests (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) and degree of degradation in a compost environment was assessed on the basis of its weight loss.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

1

Lawson, David R. "Chemistry and biochemistry of Solanum chacoense, bitter steroidal alkaloids /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487843688958887.

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Mirzaee, Mehrdad. "Development of diagnostic tools to predict incidence of bitter pit during apple storage." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2015. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/18210/.

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Bitter pit is an important physiological disorder of many apple cultivars where the low uptake and poor distribution of calcium within the cortex of apples pervades. Controlled atmosphere storage and application of 1-MCP (SmartFreshSM) can delay the onset of bitter pit symptoms by delaying maturity and senescence; however, significant losses may occur in long-term stored apples. It is hard to detect internal bitter pit using external examination alone. Previous studies have focused on improving pre-harvest prediction and curative treatments before harvest. Present prediction models are based on history of orchards, mineral analysis 2-3 weeks before harvest and quality assessments and monitoring over storage time. This study aimed to identify a greater understanding of the storage potential of fruit based on destructive standard quality assessments, biochemical and molecular analysis, also a non-destructive monitoring method by chlorophyll fluorescence at the point of harvest and monitoring during storage for developing more reliable prediction models to improve storage management. The role of free and conjugated calcium in maintaining cellular integrity and the relationship between biochemical and fluorescence changes and development of bitter pit were investigated. A diagnostic model based on comparison of changes of ascorbic acid during storage was developed. Another diagnostic model based on changes in the proportion of calcium oxalate content during storage in comparison with harvest was developed to identify samples with higher propensity to bitter pit. Also chlorophyll fluorescence was investigated as a non-destructive method for monitoring fruit during storage and prediction models for detecting changes in the maturity of fruit and developing bitter pit and reduction of fluorescence during storage as an alert to identify incidence of bitter pit were developed. Furthermore, changes in gene expression profiles of a limited number of genes like calmodulin showed the differences in patterns of transcripts between apples suffering from bitter pit and healthy apples. All the suggested methods have potential of being commercialised and applied practically to improve apple fruit store management. It would be possible to build a multi variate model for predicting the onset of bitter pit development in apple by combination of two or more suggested diagnostic tools.

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Alotaibi, Yousef. "Chemistry of humic-like substances in the atmosphere." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405706.

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Chiwona-Karltun, Linley. "A reason to be bitter : cassava classification from the farmers' perspective /." Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-7349-078-4/.

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Bostanian, Levon Artine. "Novel drug delivery systems for relatively insoluble substances /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14878617968179.

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O'Loughlin, Edward John. "Association of organotin compounds with aquatic humic substances /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487946776023338.

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Lacroix, Pauline M. "Methods for total drug and related substances in pindolol." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7885.

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A liquid chromatographic method for the assay of pindolol and related compounds in the bulk drug was developed. The method resolves six known and several unknown impurities from the drug and each other using a nitrile column, a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-sodium acetate buffer (35:65), and a UV detector set at 219 nm. Minimum quantifiable amounts of impurities are 0.02% or less relative to the drug. Ten lots of pindolol raw material were evaluated for purity and drug content. Total levels of impurities in these samples, quantitated against pindolol, ranged from about 0.03% to 0.24%. Assay results were within the range of 98.5% to 101.5%.

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Kim, Jong-Soo. "Characteristics of humic substances and their removal behavior in water treatment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21469.

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Gude, Michael Thomas. "Critical properties of homologous series of substances." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11205.

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Kumke, Michael U., and Fritz Hartmann Frimmel. "Stationary and time-resolved fluorescence for humic substances characterization." Universität Potsdam, 2002. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1235/.

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Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence methods were applied to investigate the fluorescence properties of humic substances of different origins. Using standard 2D emission and total luminescence spectra, fluorescence maxima, the width of the fluorescence band and a relative fluorescence quantum efficiency were determined. Different trends for fulvic acids and humic acids were observed indicating differences in the heterogeneity of the sample fractions. The complexity of the fluorescence decay of humic substances is discussed and compared to simple model compounds. The effect of oxidation of humic substances on their fluorescence properties is discussed as well.

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Books on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

1

Bitter Nemesis. London: Taylor and Francis, 2007.

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Teisseire, Paul José. Chemistry of fragrant substances. New York: VCH, 1994.

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Sanderson, R. T. Simple inorganic substances. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1989.

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Hazardous materials chemistry. 2nd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning, 2006.

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Manahan, Stanley E. Toxicological chemistry: A guide to toxic substances in chemistry. Chelsea, Mich: Lewis Publishers, 1989.

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Zaujec, Anton, Slawomir S. Gonet, and Pavol Bielek. Humic substances in ecosystems. Bratislava: Soil Science and Conservation Reseach Institute, 1998.

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Petr, Novotný, ed. Densities of aqueous solutions of inorganic substances. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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Rohrig, Brian. 150 captivating chemistry experiments using household substances. Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio (2333 10th Street, Cuyahoga Falls 44221): B. Rohrig, 1997.

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1943-, De Keukeleire Denis, ed. Chemistry and analysis of hop and beer bitter acids. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Levy, Jill Meryl. The hazmat chemistry mini review. Campbell, Calif: Firebelle Productions, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

1

Belitz, H. D., and W. Grosch. "Aroma Substances." In Food Chemistry, 319–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07281-3_6.

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Elkins, Kelly M. "Controlled substances." In Introduction to Forensic Chemistry, 129–51. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2019]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429454530-8.

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Li, Shiming. "Synthetic Bioactive Substances." In Handbook of Food Chemistry, 1–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41609-5_16-1.

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Li, Shiming. "Synthetic Bioactive Substances." In Handbook of Food Chemistry, 1061–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36605-5_16.

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Ma, Liyan, and Jingming Li. "Food Flavor Substances." In Essentials of Food Chemistry, 433–509. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0610-6_10.

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Christian, Donnell. "Forensic Chemistry/Controlled Substances." In The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice, 51–103. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-872-0_3.

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Khan, JaVed I., Thomas J. Kennedy, and Donnell R. Christian. "Miscellaneous Controlled Substances." In Basic Principles of Forensic Chemistry, 223–37. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-437-7_17.

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Polonsky, Judith. "Quassinoid Bitter Principles II." In Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, 221–64. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8790-6_4.

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Job, Georg, and Regina Rüffler. "Spreading of Substances." In Physical Chemistry from a Different Angle, 313–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15666-8_12.

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Carpenter, Guy H. "Do Salivary Proteins Play a Role in Tasting Bitter Substances?" In ACS Symposium Series, 183–95. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1191.ch014.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

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Aires, Ana, Diana Gomes Moreira, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, and Miguel Oliveira. "Effect of cytostatic substances in zebrafish embryos." In 6th International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc2020-07500.

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Antsupova, T. P., and E. B. Bitueva. "Phytochemical study of pasture plants in Northern Mongolia." In Problems of studying the vegetation cover of Siberia. TSU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-927-3-2020-3.

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The article presents the results of a qualitative and quantitative determination of toxic and bitter substances in 8 species of plants of Northern Mongolia that are not eaten by cattle. Significant amounts of alkaloids were found in 6 species, tannins in 2 species.

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Lesina, Emilija, and Sandra Kalnina. "THE ROLE OF GAME ELEMENTS IN CHEMISTRY ACQUIREMENT." In 1st International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education. Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2015.68.

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The method of a game as a tool in teaching Chemistry is described in the paper. The example is given based on a lesson fragment where the elements of a game are used by elementary school pupils who can acquire the skills of using solubility table by learning to compose the formulas of chemical substances. The method allows pupils to understand the structure of substances and secure their skills to use the solubility table practically. Therefore, it is easier to learn Chemistry in the future. Key words: chemistry, game as a tool, solubility table, formulas of chemical substances.

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Lengers, Isabelle, Zoya Orlando, Matthias Melzig, Armin Buschauer, Andreas Hensel, and Joachim Jose. "Inhibition of the cancer target human hyaluronidase Hyal‑1 by natural substances." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc-1-a014.

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Poroikov, Vladimir. "Prediction of Biological Activity Spectra for Substances: in House Applications and Internet Feasibility." In The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-2-01706.

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Taufikurohmah, Titik, Siti Tjahjani, I. Gusti Made Sanjaya, Andika Pramudya Wardana, Hans Lumintang, Tjandrakira Tjandrakira, Afaf Baktir, Achmad Syahrani, and Adi Soeprijanto. "Analysis of the Clinical Volunteer Complaint Relation with Dangerous Substances in Cosmetic Formula Used)." In Seminar Nasional Kimia - National Seminar on Chemistry (SNK 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/snk-18.2018.5.

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Bybyk, Elena, and Darya Vaylenko. "Research on Prospective Pharmacorrection Medications for First-degree Obesity Treatment among Non-natural Substances Containing Chalcogenamido Groups." In 3rd International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc-3-04683.

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P’yanova, L. G., N. V. Kornienko, and A. V. Lavrenov. "Synthesis and study of the physicochemical properties of a carbon sorbent modified by biologically active substances." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF COMBUSTION AND PROCESSES IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS (COMPHYSCHEM’20-21) and VI INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL “MODERN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY METHODS IN APPLICATIONS”. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0033021.

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Aksenov, Alexander, Nicolai Aksenov, Dmitrii Aksenov, and Michael Rubina. "SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTANCES WITH HIGH ANTI-CANCER AND ANTI-PARASITIC ACTIVITY BASED ON THE NEW TYPE OF REACTIVITY OF ALIPHATIC NITROCOMPOUNDS." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m714.aks-2019/22-23.

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Polyakov, A. Yu, M. T. Cieschi, T. A. Sorkina, M. M. Zimbovskaya, V. A. Lebedev, D. S. Volkov, D. A. Pankratov, N. A. Kulikova, and I. V. Perminova. "Design of humic-based iron nanofertilizers: iron (hydr)oxide chemistry, nanoscale benefits, and multilevel impact of humic substances." In Fifth International Conference of CIS IHSS on Humic Innovative Technologies «Humic substances and living systems». CLUB PRINT ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2019.polyakov.124.

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Reports on the topic "Chemistry of bitter substances"

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.

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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois: Appendices. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-007.

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This report presents detailed histograms of data from the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). RSL data are provided for state and IDOT region, IDOT district, and county spatial subsets to examine the spatial variability and its relationship to thresholds defining natural background concentrations. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way (ROW) subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this report: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications.

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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-006.

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This report presents a statistical analysis of the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. The 3.7-million-record RSL database is compared with four independent studies of inorganic soil constituents of naturally occurring soils in Illinois. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this study: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications. The RSL database at a 95% confidence level is compared with current and proposed thresholds for defining naturally occurring soil concentrations for the selected analytes. The revised thresholds proposed by Cahill in 2017 are predominantly larger than the current standards found in the Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives rules and are in better agreement with observed distributions of soil concentrations for both naturally occurring and RSL soils. A notable exception is antimony (Sb), for which Cahill proposed a reduced threshold similar in magnitude to the median for many Illinois Department of Transportation districts.

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