Journal articles on the topic 'Chemical industry Australia Case studies'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Chemical industry Australia Case studies.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Chemical industry Australia Case studies.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Smart, RS, BG Baker, and PS Turner. "Invited Paper. Aspects of Surface Science in Australian Industry." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 2 (1990): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900241.
Full textAbstract:
Three techniques giving information on composition and chemical states of atoms in the first few monolayers of a surface are described: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Their application to industrial problem solving, optimization of process or materials, and long-term research and development is illustrated in three case studies. Analysis of the effectiveness of surface treatments for steel pipe before fusion-bonded epoxy application revealed thin phosphate layers and partial separation of chromate from silicate in passivation. Aluminosilicate layers on glacial quartz used for glass making were detected giving handling and melting difficulties. These problems were overcome by changes to process conditions resulting from the surface investigation and plant trials. Exploratory research has produced a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst effective in totally converting CO and H2 (H2/CO ≥ 1) into short-chain alkenes at 300°, with H2O and CO2 (H2O/CO2 = 2) as by-products. The catalyst is made from natural bauxite. Characterization of the surface properties by surface analysis and electron microscopy is described. Examples of other projects for Australian industry are summarized.
2
Mildwaters, Nyssa, and Danielle Measday. "Silcone-Based Solvents and Emulsions for Cleaning Natural Science Specimens: Case Studies from the Otago Museum and Museums Victoria." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26450.
Full textAbstract:
Developed by the cosmetics industry, silicone-based solvents such as Cyclomethicone D4 and D5 and emulsifiers Velevsil Plus and KSG 350Z have found useful applications in museum conservation after being pioneered by Richard Wolbers to safety clean acrylic paint films. These products’ unique properties are also applicable for cleaning of natural science specimens. Silicone solvents are volatile and will completely evaporate away from surfaces. They have very low polarity and cannot not solubilise fats or oils, such as natural preen oils found in feathers. Low viscosity gives them the ability to flood a porous surface, such as bone, protecting it from absorbing chemicals and soiling during cleaning. Velevsil Plus and KSG 350Z provide the desirable ability to form an emulsion with water, and or solvents in a silicone based solvent carrier, allowing for the strictly controlled application of water or solvent solutions to the surface of a specimen. This poster will present case studies from the Otago Museum (Dunedin, New Zealand) and Museums Victoria (Melbourne, Australia) investigating the use of these products in cleaning natural science specimens. The experiments include the removal of an aged wax and shellac coating from a Moa (Dinonris sp.) skeleton, the removal of acrylic coatings on extremely moisture sensitive pyritized fossils, and the cleaning of soiled feathers and fur. Issues around sourcing and shipping these specialised products to Australasia will also be discussed. The successful application of paintings conservation techniques to scientific specimens demonstrates the benefits of collaboration between specialisations in conservation for developing new techniques for caring for our collections.
3
Kohlmaier, Gundolf Hans. "The use of wood for construction and energy in the natural city: The case of Canada." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426234.
Full textAbstract:
The author received a Ph. D in physical chemistry from the University of Washington, Seattle, USA in 1962. At present he is Professor for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry at the Division Geo Sciences and Geography, Institute for the Atmosphere and the Environment, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany. His work ranges from the quantum mechanical description of molecules to the dynamics of global systems. In 1973 he introduced the first interdisciplinary course on "chemistry and environment; an ecological approach to chemical processes in nature and technology" at the University of Frankfurt. Later his emphasis focused on biogeochemical cycles, in particular, the "global carbon cycle, biosphere and climate." In cooperation with his co-workers he developed a world model for the CO2 exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, the "Frankfurt Biosphere Model, FBM." He was visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley, as well as Los Angeles and San Diego (Scripps Institution of Oceanography), University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Tropical Science Center of Costa Rica, University of Paris, Orsay, the National Australian University, Canberra, and most recently Stanford University, USA. He was director of the Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and of the former Center for Environmental Studies (Zentrum für Umweltforschung ZUF) of the University of Frankfurt. In 1991 he was awarded the Philip Morris Research Prize "Challenge Future" for his work on the carbon cycle connected with the development of the Frankfurt Biosphere Model. In 1998, following a workshop in Freising, Germany, he, together with his colleagues M. Weber and R.A. Houghton, published the Springer Book: Carbon Dioxide Mitigation in Forestry and Wood Industry. Professor Kohlmaier became a member of the World Society of Ekistics in 2001, returning to his roots as his father was an architect.
4
Gerali, Francesco, and Jenny Gregory. "Understanding and finding oil over the centuries: The case of the Wallachian Petroleum Company in Romania." Earth Sciences History 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6178-36.1.41.
Full textAbstract:
About four centuries passed between the first appearance of pamphlets in which the medical uses of petroleum were discussed (for example, the Tegernsee (southern Bavaria, 1430), Geneva (Swiss Confederacy, 1480), Nurnberg (northern Bavaria, 1500), and the Antwerp (Duchy of Brabant, today Flanders, 1540–1550) pamphlets), and Michael Faraday's discovery in 1825 of the chemical composition of benzene derived from bituminous oil as a compound of carbon and hydrogen. During this long time span, studies of oil, carried out between alchemy and chemistry, benefited from rapid advances and brilliant insights, much as they had moments of stagnation, and disappointing regressions. In 1855 the chemist Benjamin Silliman Jr., of Yale University, proved that crude oil could be decomposed through a process of fractional distillation into a range of fuels and lubricants cheaper than the oils, greases and waxes rendered by animal fats and vegetal matter (Silliman 1855; Forbes 1948 Forbes 1958). In the course of the early 1860s, oil became the main source of illumination first in North America, then in Europe and Australia. This transformation of oil from a substance of limited use into a commodity of mass consumption radically changed the pattern of oil finding and production. Crude was no longer collected just from natural springs or draining seepages, but was pumped out of the ground from wells drilled by machines using steam power. This was the first step toward the modern oil industry, and a breakthrough in the history of energy: the beginning of an oil society. The first part of this article provides an introduction to the early uses and production of petroleum in Europe, and advances in understanding the nature, the physical properties, and the composition of hydrocarbons. It provides a brief analysis of the interaction between technology, society and the environmental context in northwestern Pennsylvania, where, between 1858 and 1859, a new successful pattern developed to produce oil in commercial quantity. From 1861, that innovative process put the United States in the position to gain increasing shares in the young European mineral oil markets and, subsequently, to jeopardize the position of local oil (vegetal, animal and mineral) producers. The second part, using a national case study approach, explores the history of a British oil company operating in Romania since 1863, the Wallachian Oil Company. This venture by London stockholders—short, difficult, and abortive—is a mirror of the nature of the business implemented by emerging oil companies, not only from Europe, and therefore exemplifies the challenges of setting the modern oil sector in motion in the nineteenth century.
5
Bagheri, Mohammad B., and Matthias Raab. "Subsurface engineering of CCUS in Australia (case studies)." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18125.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS) is a rapidly emerging field in the Australian oil and gas industry to address carbon emissions while securing reliable energy. Although there are similarities with many aspects of the oil and gas industry, subsurface CO2 storage has some unique geology and geophysics, and reservoir engineering considerations, for which we have developed specific workflows. This paper explores the challenges and risks that a reservoir engineer might face during a field-scale CO2 injection project, and how to address them. We first explain some of the main concepts of reservoir engineering in CCUS and their synergy with oil and gas projects, followed by the required inputs for subsurface studies. We will subsequently discuss the importance of uncertainty analysis and how to de-risk a CCUS project from the subsurface point of view. Finally, two different case studies will be presented, showing how the CCUS industry should use reservoir engineering analysis, dynamic modelling and uncertainty analysis results, based on our experience in the Otway Basin. The first case study provides a summary of CO2CRC storage research injection results and how we used the dynamic models to history match the results and understand CO2 plume behaviour in the reservoir. The second case study shows how we used uncertainty analysis to improve confidence on the CO2 plume behaviour and to address regulatory requirements. An innovative workflow was developed for this purpose in CO2CRC to understand the influence of each uncertainty parameter on the objective functions and generate probabilistic results.
6
Murray, Virginia S. "Technological Change in the Postproduction Film Industry: Case Studies in Melbourne, Australia." International Journal of the Humanities: Annual Review 4, no. 7 (2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9508/cgp/v04i07/41967.
Full text
7
Murray, Virginia S. "Mothering in the Freelance Film Industry: Case Studies in the Postproduction Film Industry in Melbourne, Australia." International Journal of the Arts in Society: Annual Review 2, no. 2 (2007): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1866/cgp/v02i02/35379.
Full text
8
Kaino, Lorna. "The ‘Problem of Culture’: A Case Study of Some Arts Industries in Southwest Western Australia." Media International Australia 101, no. 1 (November 2001): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0110100114.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a case study of three glass art studios situated in the southwest of Western Australia. The study is designed to provide a model for a larger study of the arts industries that will contribute to a strategic analysis of cultural policies for arts industry development. Its purpose is to offer insights into why arts policy frameworks and arts development strategies in the southwest of Western Australia appear to have had limited outcomes consistent with their arts industry objectives. It proposes that one of the reasons — difficult to formalise in policy documents but a persistent theme in informal discussions I have had with arts practitioners all over the southwest region — is a conceptual problem related to instrumentalities charged with the responsibility of implementing arts policy and development. I propose that this is a ‘problem of culture ‘. I explore this proposition in relation to cultural policy planning and development at the regional level within a wider framework at the state and federal levels in Australia and internationally.
9
Nguyen, Thang Cong, Tan Ngoc Vu, Duc Hong Vo, and Michael McAleer. "Systematic Risk at the Industry Level: A Case Study of Australia." Risks 8, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks8020036.
Full textAbstract:
The cornerstone of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) lies with its beta. The question of whether or not beta is dead has attracted great attention from academics and practitioners in the last 50 years or so, and the debate is still ongoing. Many empirical studies have been conducted to test the validity of beta within the framework of CAPM. However, it is a claim of this paper that beta at the industry level has been largely ignored in the current literature. This study is conducted to examine if beta, proxied for a systematic risk, should be considered valid in the application of the CAPM at the industry level for Australia using daily data on 2200 stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from January 2007 to 31 December 2016. Various portfolio formations are utilized in this paper. General economic conditions such as interest rate, inflation, and GDP are examples of systematic risk. Findings from this study indicate that the selection of portfolio construction, estimation technique, and news about economic conditions significantly affects the view whether or not beta should be considered as a valid measure of systematic risk.
10
Ellabban, Omar, and Abdulrahman Alassi. "Optimal hybrid microgrid sizing framework for the mining industry with three case studies from Australia." IET Renewable Power Generation 15, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12038.
Full text
11
Bozarslan, G., S. K. Çelebi, and F. Sengül. "Characterization and treatability studies of cigarette industry wastewaters: a case study." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 2-3 (July 1, 1997): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0485.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the wastewater of one of the cigarette factories in Izmir was characterized and treatability studies were done. The characterization studies of the wastewater showed that the COD, and the pH changes drastically. The chemical treatability studies of the influent wastewater were done by using Ca(OH)2, FeCl3 and Fenton Reagent. The optimum dose of FeCI3 was determined by jar tests. When using Ca(OH)2, the best flocculation, settling behaviour, and the highest COD removal occurred around pH 11. The optimum doses of Fenton Reagent (FeSO4 and H2O2) were determined. The supernatants of the previously chemically treated wastewaters were used for biological treatment. According to total COD removal efficiencies and the amount of sludge production during chemical treatment, FeCl3 was found to be the most economical and effective coagulant. Chemical treatment units were designed for a batch and a continuous system. The batch system has more advantages than a continuous system in this case.
12
Hassan, Junaid, Faisal Khan, Paul Amyotte, and Refaul Ferdous. "Industry specific dust explosion likelihood assessment model with case studies." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 21, no. 2 (March 2014): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2013.11.005.
Full text
13
Goode, Peter. "World trends and innovations in production asset management—case studies from Australia and North America." APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09053.
Full textAbstract:
Australia is transitioning to become an energy superpower—the $43 billion Gorgon LNG project and the other comparably sized projects lining up behind the Gorgon project confirm this. There are predictions that around $80 billion of CAPEX on LNG projects will be approved for expenditure for the 2010 financial year with much more to be invested in the following years. And, we are on the cusp of further coal seam gas developments in Queensland, which could see annual production rise from 130 to more than 3,000 petajoules per annum once the infrastructure is in place. What are the skills needed to realise the true potential of these investments? An appropriate asset management plan is key. Asset management is more than the provision of maintenance services—it is about developing a systematic approach to managing an asset during its life and achieving the outputs required by the owner of the asset. Program and project management of brownfield capital works, maintenance services and infrastructure projects are also essential technical capabilities to help meet the demand of the burgeoning LNG and coal seam gas industries. These skills will determine who can deliver on schedule, or ahead of it. The other key capability will be mobilising, managing and retaining people. There is speculation that the Queensland coal seam gas industry alone will generate approximately 12,000 jobs. The industry needs to be prepared to be innovative in engaging, training and upskilling people. As the only true global resources and industrial provider in Australia, Transfield Services will share its key learnings on effectively managing assets, projects and people from its work with clients including Canada’s largest energy company, Suncor Energy.
14
Wang, Wenrui. "The Ways that Digital Technologies Inform Visitor's Engagement with Cultural Heritage Sites: Informal Learning in the Digital Era." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2022.10.4(3).
Full textAbstract:
1. Alivizatou, M. (2019). Digital intangible heritage: Inventories, virtual learning and participation. Heritage & Society, 12(2–3), 116–135. 2. Billett, S. (2009). Conceptualizing learning experiences: Contributions and mediations of the social, personal, and brute. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 16(1), 32–47. 3. Bonilla, C. M. (2014). Racial Counternarratives and L atina Epistemologies in Relational Organizing. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 45(4), 391–408. 4. Britain, T. (2007). How We Are: Photographing Britain. 5. Brodie, R. J., Hollebeek, L. D., Jurić, B., & Ilić, A. (2011). Customer Engagement: Conceptual Domain, Fundamental Propositions, and Implications for Research. Journal of Service Research, 14(3), 252–271. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670511411703 6. Budge, K. (2017). Objects in focus: Museum visitors and Instagram. Curator: The Museum Journal, 60(1), 67–85. 7. Budge, K., & Burness, A. (2018). Museum objects and Instagram: agency and communication in digital engagement. Continuum, 32(2), 137–150. 8. Callanan, M. A., & Oakes, L. M. (1992). Preschoolers’ questions and parents’ explanations: Causal thinking in everyday activity. Cognitive Development, 7(2), 213–233. 9. Callanan, M., Cervantes, C., & Loomis, M. (2011). Informal learning. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 2(6), 646–655. 10. Cameron, F. (2003). Digital Futures I: Museum collections, digital technologies, and the cultural construction of knowledge. Curator: The Museum Journal, 46(3), 325–340. 11. Cokley, J., Gilbert, L., Jovic, L., & Hanrick, P. (2016). Growth of ‘Long Tail’in Australian journalism supports new engaging approach to audiences. Continuum, 30(1), 58–74. 12. Cole, M., & Consortium, D. L. (2006). The fifth dimension: An after-school program built on diversity. Russell Sage Foundation. 13. European Commission. (2015). i-Treasures: intangible cultural heritage of the past available through advanced modern technologies. 14. Fitts, S., & McClure, G. (2015). Building Social Capital in Hightown: The Role of Confianza in L atina Immigrants’ Social Networks in the New South. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 46(3), 295–311. 15. Francesca, P. (2017). Final Report on User Requirements: Identification and Analysis. 16. Gade, R. (2009). Event Culture - The Museum and Its Staging (Kopenhagen, 6-7 Nov 09). 17. Gibbert, M., Ruigrok, W., & Wicki, B. (2008). What passes as a rigorous case study? Strategic Management Journal, 29(13), 1465–1474. 18. Gillard, P. (2002). Cruising through history wired. Museums and the Web 2002. 19. Goodwin, M. H. (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children (Vol. 618). Indiana University Press. 20. Hamma, K. (2004). The role of museums in online teaching, learning, and research. First Monday. 21. Henchman, M. (2000). Bringing the object to the viewer: Multimedia techniques for the scientific study of art. 22. Herrgott, C. (2016). Cantu in paghjella: Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel et nouvelles technologies dans le projet I-Treasures. Port Acadie: Revue Interdisciplinaire En Études Acadiennes/Port Acadie: An Interdisciplinary Review in Acadian Studies, 30, 91–113. 23. Howell, R., & Chilcott, M. (2013). A sense of place: re-purposing and impacting historical research evidence through digital heritage and interpretation practice. International Journal of Intangible Heritage, 8, 165–177. 24. King, L., Stark, J. F., & Cooke, P. (2016). Experiencing the digital world: The cultural value of digital engagement with heritage. Heritage & Society, 9(1), 76–101. 25. Lomb, N. (2009). Dip circle used to study the earth’s magnetic field at Parramatta Observatory. 26. Majors, Y. J. (2015). Shoptalk: Lessons in teaching from an African American hair salon. Teachers College Press. 27. Marty, P. F. (2008). Museum websites and museum visitors: digital museum resources and their use. Museum Management and Curatorship, 23(1), 81–99. 28. Moqtaderi, H. (2019). Citizen curators: Crowdsourcing to bridge the academic/public divide. University Museums and Collections Journal, 11(2), 204–210. 29. Müller, K. (2013). Museums and virtuality. In Museums in a digital age (pp. 295–305). Routledge. 30. Nasir, N. S., Rosebery, A. S., Warren, B., & Lee, C. D. (2006). Learning as a cultural process: Achieving equity through diversity. 31. O’Brien, H. L., & Toms, E. G. (2008). What is user engagement? A conceptual framework for defining user engagement with technology. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(6), 938–955. 32. O’Neill, R. (2017). The Rise of the Citizen Curator: Participation as Curation on the Web. University of Hull. 33. Opie, I., & Opie, P. (2000). The lore and language of schoolchildren. New York Review of Books. 34. Pallud, J. (2017). Impact of interactive technologies on stimulating learning experiences in a museum. Information & Management, 54(4), 465–478. 35. Pallud, J., & Straub, D. W. (2014). Effective website design for experience-influenced environments: The case of high culture museums. Information & Management, 51(3), 359–373. 36. Pozzi, F. (2017). Final Report on User Requirements: Identification and Analysis. Unpublished I-Treasures Project Report. 37. Proctor, N. (2010). Digital: Museum as platform, curator as champion, in the age of social media. Curator: The Museum Journal, 53(1), 35. 38. Rogoff, B., Callanan, M., Gutiérrez, K. D., & Erickson, F. (2016). The organization of informal learning. Review of Research in Education, 40(1), 356–401. 39. Schugurensky, D. (2000). The forms of informal learning: Towards a conceptualization of the field. 40. Scribner, S., & Cole, M. (1973). Cognitive Consequences of Formal and Informal Education: New accommodations are needed between school-based learning and learning experiences of everyday life. Science, 182(4112), 553–559. 41. Song, M., Elias, T., Martinovic, I., Mueller-Wittig, W., & Chan, T. K. Y. (2004). Digital heritage application as an edutainment tool. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry, 163–167. 42. Taheri, B., Jafari, A., & O’Gorman, K. (2014). Keeping your audience: Presenting a visitor engagement scale. Tourism Management, 42, 321–329. 43. Tan, B.-K., & Rahaman, H. (2009). Virtual heritage: Reality and criticism. 44. Tarlowski, A. (2006). If it’s an animal it has axons: Experience and culture in preschool children’s reasoning about animates. Cognitive Development, 21(3), 249–265. 45. Tate. (2007). How We Are Now at Tate Britain Museum. 46. Taylor, J., & Gibson, L. K. (2017). Digitisation, digital interaction and social media: embedded barriers to democratic heritage. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23(5), 408–420. 47. UNESCO. (2011). What is Intangible Cultural Heritage? 48. Vygotsky, L. S. (2012). Thought and language. MIT press. 49. Wenger-Trayner, E., Wenger-Trayner, B., & W.-T. (2015). Communities of practice: A brief introduction. 50. Wenger, E. (1999). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge university press. 51. Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). sage.
15
Teixeira, S. R., S. Chamala, R. T. Cowan, and M. Western. "Participatory approach for the identification of dairy industry needs inthe design of research, development and extension actions: Australianand Brazilian case studies." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 6 (2004): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01187.
Full textAbstract:
In both Australia and Brazil there are rapid changes occurring in the macroenvironment of the dairy industry. These changes are sometimes not noticed in the microenvironment of the farm, due to the labour-intensive nature of family farms, and the traditionally weak links between production and marketing. Trends in the external environment need to be discussed in a cooperative framework, to plan integrated actions for the dairy community as a whole and to demand actions from research, development and extension (R, D & E). This paper reviews the evolution of R, D & E in terms of paradigms and approaches, the present strategies used to identify dairy industry needs in Australia and Brazil, and presents a participatory strategy to design R, D & E actions for both countries. The strategy incorporates an integration of the opinions of key industry actors (defined as members of the dairy and associated communities), especially farm suppliers (input market), farmers, R, D & E people, milk processors and credit providers. The strategy also uses case studies with farm stays, snowball interviewing techniques, semi-structured interviews, content analysis, focus group meetings, and feedback analysis, to refine the priorities for R, D & E actions in the region.
16
Francis, Ben, Tyron Venn, Tom Lewis, and Jeremy Brawner. "Case Studies of the Financial Performance of Silvopastoral Systems in Southern Queensland, Australia." Forests 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020186.
Full textAbstract:
There is considerable uncertainty surrounding the future availability of hardwood timber from state-owned native forests in southern Queensland. The timber industry is becoming increasingly reliant on private native forests, where much is on properties primarily managed for beef cattle grazing. Historically, these forests have been periodically high-grade harvested without silvicultural treatment or cleared to increase pasture production where landholders have the right to do so. This study compares these traditional forest management practices at four case study properties against silvopastoral system alternatives. Merchantable timber, pasture and cattle production was estimated for each management scenario with a native forest silvicultural treatment response model. The net present value of each scenario was estimated over a 20-year management period. For all case study properties, the worst-performing forest management scenario was to clear forest for grazing. Investment in silvopastoral systems in southern Queensland was found to be financially attractive, particularly when silvicultural treatments were implemented in year zero to increase timber production. Silvicultural treatments increased the mean annual increment of merchantable timber over 20 years by an average of 1.3 m3/ha/year relative to the scenario where no management was performed in year zero. Forest management scenarios with silvicultural treatments had better financial performance than scenarios without silvicultural treatment. However, long payback periods and sovereign risk are serious impediments to silvopastoral system adoption in southern Queensland. If these concerns can be overcome, private native forests have the potential to be sustainably managed to improve the financial performance of farms, improve regional employment and income generation, supply Queensland’s future hardwood timber needs, and increase carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation on private land.
17
Juzsakova, Tatjána, Noor Al-Jammal, Igor Cretescu, Viktor Sebestyén, Cuong Le Phuoc, Endre Domokos, Ákos Rédey, and Catalina Stan. "Case Studies for Clean Technology Development in the Chemical Industry Using Zeolite Based Catalysts." Minerals 8, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8100462.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the practical implementation of cleaner technologies in the chemical industry, using two case studies as an illustration. The first case study deals with the removal of NOx and N2O gases over an iron-doped ZSM-5 catalyst developed for tail gas treatment in nitric acid manufacturing. The aim for this case study was to investigate the efficiency of the zeolitic catalyst in the DeNOx process and to compare its catalytic activity with the conventional vanadia-titania. By the experiments carried out, it can be concluded that the new technological developments could significantly contribute to a decrease in environmental pollution. The second case study focuses on zeolite-based catalysts prepared from zeolitic tuff by the impregnation method, for biodiesel production from waste sunflower vegetable oil. The effects of operating and processing variables such as reaction temperature and time were investigated. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was 96.7% at an 11.5 MeOH/oil molar ratio, in the presence of 6.4 wt % catalyst at a 50 °C reaction temperature and reaction time of 2 h. The properties of the biodiesel that was produced, such as the viscosity, meet the required specifications of standard JUS EN14214. The common feature of the two different case studies is that both technologies use zeolite catalysts, namely naturally-occurring zeolitic tuff and synthetic ZSM type zeolite catalyst. The examples shown emphasize the importance of the zeolites in clean chemical technologies, which contribute to the protection of the environment.
18
Gharaie, Ehsan, Ron Wakefield, and Nick Blismas. "Explaining the Increase in the Australian Average House Completion Time:Activity-based versus Workflow-based Approach." Construction Economics and Building 10, no. 4 (December 16, 2010): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v10i4.1688.
Full textAbstract:
The Australian house building industry has been facing an increase in the average house completion time in the last decade. This increase in some states is quite dramatic. For instance, Western Australia has faced a 70 percent increase in the average house completion time during this period. This paper uses two planning approaches to explain this; i) the activity-based planning methods and ii) the workflow-based planning methods. In addition, this research investigates the strengths and weaknesses of these two planning approaches in explaining the behaviour of the house building industry. For this purpose, a national case study and five state case studies including Victoria, Western Australia, New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia have been used. The data related to the key parameters have been collected and their correlation with the average house completion time has been investigated. These key parameters include the average house floor area, the number of house completions and the number of houses under construction. The reasons for the increasing trend of the average house completion time have been postulated in all case studies. According to this research, the increase in the average house completion time cannot be explained using activity-based planning methods. In contrast, by using workflow-based planning methods, it has been shown that the average house completion time is correlated with the number of houses under construction. This paper shows that the average completion time is influenced directly by the workflow in the house building industry and that workflow planning should be the basis for the house building industry planning.
19
Ellis, Katie. "Television's Transition to the Internet: Disability Accessibility and Broadband-Based TV in Australia." Media International Australia 153, no. 1 (November 2014): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415300107.
Full textAbstract:
Whereas entertainment has featured negatively in the broader NBN debate currently occurring in Australia, within the disability sector it has been recognised as revolutionary. Government, industry and technical analysts describe digital television, particularly that delivered via broadband, as potentially enabling to people with vision and hearing impairments through the more widespread provision of accessibility features such as audio description and closed captions. This article interrogates the approach to accessibility taken by two case studies of broadband-based television: Netflix and catch-up TV. Netflix, which is not officially available in Australia, is often presented as the future of television, while catch-up services provide an example of the current broadband-based television paradigm in this country. Although accessibility features may be available on broadcast television or DVD release, each of these forms of broadband-based television has either previously (Netflix) or currently (catch-up) stripped accessible functions to stream online. The discussion reflects on both activist interventions of people with disability and the industry standards.
20
Cuff, Wilfred R., J. M. Hardman, and M. K. Mukerji. "RESEARCH PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: TWO CASE STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF THE WHEAT INDUSTRY." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 120, S143 (1988): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm120143019-1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTwo research programs in support of the wheat industry provide insights into mechanisms that can be used in research planning and in technology transfer. Modelling was pivotal in both: in Australia since 1973 in efforts against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L., infestations of stored wheat and in Canada since 1970 against grasshopper infestations of wheat fields. The research studies, described in published papers, were designed by the scientists within broad research objectives defined by the employing organizations. A mixture of technical and human considerations determined the direction of the research: the talents of scientific staff combined to capitalize on fortuitous events or situations. Serendipity improved the response to uncertainty in both research and industrial environments. The nature and amount of effort needed to get scientific insights applied varied with the specifics of the scientific insight. A general analysis of technology transfer suggests that, in some cases, application requires the involvement of a variety of nonscientific specialists and that research managers are well positioned to coordinate the efforts. Taken together, the conclusions show that satisfying a need or solving a problem is a task within which research is only one part. Success requires effective communication and compromises among very different people.
21
Chanan, A., S. Vigneswaran, and J. Kandasamy. "Valuing stormwater, rainwater and wastewater in the soft path for water management: Australian case studies." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 2854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.544.
Full textAbstract:
A Water Sensitive City is now commonly acknowledged best practice for designing the cities of the future. In Australia, the National Water Initiative has allocated high priority towards offering insight into successful water sensitive urban development projects, to facilitate capacity building within the industry. This paper shares innovative water sensitive projects implemented at Kogarah City Council, in Sydney. Four key projects are discussed, demonstrating how stormwater, rainwater and wastewater can be incorporated into decentralised water systems to offer sustainable water management of the future. The case studies included in the paper highlight Kogarah's journey towards the Soft Path for Water Management.
22
Hammond, M., and D. C. Sanders. "MAXIMISING INDIGENOUS EMPLOYMENT IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 46, no. 1 (2006): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05040.
Full textAbstract:
The skilled labour shortage facing the upstream oil and gas industry is encouraging companies who have already begun to examine ways of increasing the number of indigenous people in their workforce.It is common practice for companies to use fly-in flyout solutions to build a stable workforce in remote areas. While this suits many workers and operations, a simpler solution arguably would be to have a skilled workforce who works in their home region. Many resource companies are now placing a renewed emphasis on training indigenous people to take on roles in the oil and gas industry. A highly skilled local workforce will have benefits for industry with a reduction in logistical costs and an increase in retention rates.This paper describes the challenges facing companies which elect to develop those skills in a largely technically unskilled indigenous community. The paper uses a range of case studies drawn from company experience. It further showcases some success stories and describes where the industry might need to focus its efforts in order to achieve a more equitable training and employment outcome for Australia’s indigenous communities.
23
Bodmann, Kerstin, and Roger Marti. "12. Freiburger Symposium 2015: Smart Solutions in the Chemical Process & Product Development – Case Studies from the Chemical Industry." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 69, no. 11 (November 25, 2015): 698–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2015.698.
Full text
24
Lambert, Rob, and Edward Webster. "Searching for Security: Case Studies of the Impact of Work Restructuring on Households in South Korea, South Africa and Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 52, no. 5 (November 2010): 595–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185610381672.
Full textAbstract:
The reconfiguration of the employment relationship — through the growing intensification, informalization and casualization of work, downsizing and retrenchments — impacts directly on workers’ households and the communities within which they are embedded. To understand these responses, we need to rethink the way we study the changing employment relationship. Employment relations should not only analyse the workplace: we need to research workers in the totality of their lives. To comprehend these processes we surveyed and interviewed workers in the workplace and in their households and communities. Through following workers into their homes and communities in South Africa, Australia and South Korea, the differential impact of the global restructuring of one industry, the white goods industry, on the non-working life of working people emerged. Two types of responses were identified: on the one hand, a retreat from, or an adaptation to, rapid market liberalization; on the other, mobilization to challenge the market. All three research sites evidenced innovative attempts at the local level to search for security. However, these responses lacked an overall vision of alternative possibilities to the realities of the free market paradigm of globalization.
25
Bury, S. J., C. K. Groot, C. Huth, and N. Hardt. "Dynamic simulation of chemical industry wastewater treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 4-5 (February 1, 2002): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0623.
Full textAbstract:
High variability, stringent effluent permits, and often extreme operating conditions define the practice of wastewater treatment in the chemical industry. This paper reviews the benefits and challenges of applying dynamic simulation to chemical-industry wastewater treatment plants by describing case studies at full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The applications range from process troubleshooting to optimization and control. The applications have been valuable and useful in developing a deeper understanding of the plants as integrated systems. However there still remains substantial work to implement the dynamic simulations for daily real-time use by plant engineers and operators. This opportunity to improve plant operations is still largely untapped and will remain so until dynamic state estimation and data reconciliation are incorporated into simulation packages for use in developing the on-line simulations.
26
Fonade, C., J. L. Rols, G. Goma, N. Doubrovine, M. Bermejo, and J. P. Grasa. "Improvement of industrial wastewater treatment by aerated lagoon: case studies." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 5-6 (September 1, 2000): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0514.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the aerobic biological treatment of industrial wastewaters by aerated lagoons, when high flowrates are involved. A methodology is developed which gives the best fit between the biological reactions and the ideal hydrodynamic behaviour of the lagoon. This analysis, based on the real kinetics of the degradation process, leads to the minimum volume and the ideal behaviour of the lagoon needed to reach the degree of conversion required to respect the discharge regulations. Because the flow field of a lagoon is of “shallow waters” type, appropriate technologies have been designed in order to achieve the mixing (by fluidic deviator) and the aeration (by hydroejector) in such a lagoon. Some applications of these methodologies and technologies to industrial problems in the chemical industry (pulp and paper) and food industry (sugar) are presented. This original approach is suitable for modifying existing aerated lagoons, or for upgrading natural lagoons to aerated lagoons, to successfully meet the new legislation on effluent quality.
27
Zhang, Wei, and Wenrui Zhang. "Knowledge creation through industry chain in resource-based industry: case study on phosphorus chemical industry chain in western Guizhou of China." Journal of Knowledge Management 22, no. 5 (June 11, 2018): 1037–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-02-2017-0061.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis paper aims to provide a theoretical frame and practical experience for understanding and improving knowledge creation in the RIC. This paper proved through an empirical study that knowledge transfer, knowledge assimilation and knowledge sharing between firms in a resource-based industry chain (RIC) have positive influence on knowledge creation.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical model covering knowledge transfer, knowledge assimilation, knowledge sharing and knowledge creation is established in this paper. The research object is the phosphorus chemical industry chain in central Guizhou.FindingsThe findings of this paper provide a theoretical frame and practical experience for understanding and improving knowledge creation in the RIC.Research limitations/implicationsThe subjective measures of knowledge capacities present a serious limitation. Another limitation is that the authors examined knowledge creation within the context of RIC. The cross-sectional design prevented the authors from studying causal relationships among the variables.Originality/valueFirst, it contributes to the knowledge creation of inter-organization literature. Second, it contributes to the studies of knowledge creation in supply chains. Third, this study demonstrates the importance of investigating the strong network embeddedness and industry property of RIC, which have a critic effect on the capabilities of knowledge sharing, transfer and assimilation.
28
O'Dea, Molly, Amy Cosby, Jaime Manning, Nicole McDonald, and Bobby Harreveld. "Industry perspectives of industry school partnerships: What can agriculture learn?" Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 32, no. 3 (November 18, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v32i3.334.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to identify and synthesise research related to industry perspectives of industry school partnerships (ISPs) with primary and secondary students globally. A systematic review of ISP studies published between 2001 and 2021 that included industry perspectives was undertaken in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. This focused systematically ordered review of industry perspectives of ISPs elicited four key findings: Limited research specifically focusing on industry participants’ perceptions of career and knowledge sharing ISPs exist. The most common reasons for participation included promoting careers and/or their industry, and enhancing community goodwill. The most common barriers or challenges in participating included time, budget and process constraints, and understanding the partnership’s impact. Communication, trust, relationships, and setting clear goals are often important features highlighted for successful partnerships. The recommendations from this review will be used to design, deliver and evaluate ISPs which aim to benefit agricultural industry participants. Future research will apply the findings from this review to a rural case site in Victoria, Australia, focused on agricultural ISPs aimed at increasing students’ aspirations for a career in the sector. This is vital as agriculture is an important industry in this region, yet many students are unaware of the range of career opportunities available to them.
29
Langston, Craig, and Weiwei Zhang. "DfMA: Towards an Integrated Strategy for a More Productive and Sustainable Construction Industry in Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169219.
Full textAbstract:
Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) is an important part of the future of the construction industry due to the promise of speed of project delivery, quality control, worker safety, and waste minimization onsite via the purposeful design for manufacture and assembly offsite. However, the adoption of DfMA in Australia has been slow. This paper investigates the barriers prohibiting widespread uptake and how digital construction will be a catalyst for improving use on commercial-scale projects. A total of six leading experts were interviewed to elicit their opinions, and seven recent case studies of high-rise modular apartment and hotel buildings constructed by Hickory were cross-referenced as evidence of DfMA capability. The experts suggested that the reasons for slow adoption in Australia were community mindset, government regulations and incentives, planning and building codes, unionization and business politics, finance, and supply chain management. The case studies suggest that compatible building type and transportation distance are also factors. These barriers can be addressed by the clever integration of building information modelling tools with lean construction processes as part of a proposed strategy leading to smarter (more productive) and better (more sustainable) outcomes predicated on growth in digital construction practices. The paper concludes with a proposed framework for change that conceptualizes the ‘ecosystem’ needed to support widespread DfMA in the Australian context, including the paradigm shift from building to manufacturing/assembly, the displacement of workers from onsite to offsite activity, and the expansion of interdisciplinary design and construct collaboration.
30
Gagnon, M. M., K. Grice, and R. I. Kagi. "BIOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH ASSESSMENTS ADAPTED TO THE AUSTRALIAN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98038.
Full textAbstract:
Field assessments using biochemical and chemical markers in marine organisms will be necessary to provide the Australian Petroleum Industry with a realistic evaluation of the impact of their activities on the marine environment. In field investigations, wild or caged animals are sacrificed and their organs are collected in order to assess if industrial activities do have a significant adverse impact on the organisms' health. Biochemical markers of chronic exposure to contamination may include reversible effects such as induction of a detoxification system, or permanent effects such as damage to nuclear DN A. Studies of sentinel species using biochemical markers of exposure, complemented by chemical analyses provide a realistic holistic method for assessment of environmental health. This multidisciplinary approach has proven valuable in Europe and North America.This paper outlines the need for biochemical and chemical markers to assess environmental health in a dynamic milieu such as the North West Shelf of Australia. Selected biochemical markers for use by the oil and gas industry in field monitoring of ecological health, and the complementary chemical measurements focussed on persistent contaminants such as poly eye lie aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are described. The biological and ecotoxicological significance of the biochemical markers applied in sentinel marine organisms is reviewed, and some limitations regarding their interpretation are stated. It is suggested that biochemical monitoring of the environment complemented with sophisticated chemical measurements can provide environmental managers working within the oil and gas industry with a system for ecotoxicological monitoring programs in offshore Australia.
31
Anderson, J. "The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse." Water Supply 3, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0041.
Full textAbstract:
The world's supply of fresh water is finite and is threatened by pollution. Rising demands for water to supply agriculture, industry and cities are leading to competition over the allocation of limited fresh water resources. This paper examines how water reuse increases the available supply of water and enables human needs to be met with less fresh water. The paper is illustrated with water reuse case studies in agriculture, urban areas, industry and water resource supplementation in Australia and other countries. The links between water reuse and sustainable water management are examined. Water conservation and water reuse produce substantial environmental benefits, arising from reductions in water diversions, and reductions in the impacts of wastewater discharges on environmental water quality. Some examples are presented demonstrating the environmental benefits in quantitative terms. The paper also describes the economic and environmental benefits identified in a number of recent integrated water cycle planning studies in Australia.
32
Thwaite, Anne. "Inclusive and Empowering Discourse in an Early Childhood Literacy Classroom with Indigenous Students." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 36, no. 1 (2007): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100004385.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the classroom discourse and strategies of Marcia, an early childhood teacher of a class with a high percentage of Indigenous Australian students. These students have been demonstrably successful on standardised literacy tests, which is not the case for Indigenous students in general in Australia (e.g., MCEETYA, 200). It will be suggested here that Marcia’s approach and relationships with the students, as constructed in her discourse, have been a large contributing factor in this success. Marcia’s discourse can be described as both inclusive and empowering and, as such, it will be proposed that awareness of her techniques may be of benefit to teachers who are working with groups whom education systems tend to marginalise and disempower. Marcia’s lessons were observed as part of the project, “Teaching Indigenous Students with Conductive Hearing Loss in Remote and Urban Schools of Western Australia”. This project was based in Kurongkurl Katitjin, School of Indigenous Studies, at Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, and was funded by an Australian Research Council Strategic Partnerships with Industry [SPIRT] Grant and the industry partners: Department of Education of Western Australia, Catholic Education Commission of Western Australia and Aboriginal Independent Community Schools, Western Australia.
33
Mahapatra, Polly. "The future energy leader: a millennial dilemma." APPEA Journal 62, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): S302—S305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21028.
Full textAbstract:
Undoubtedly, there is an industry-wide urgent need to build a strong talent pipeline for the future, especially in the face of climate change. The future energy leader must be multi-faceted and exceptionally skilled, with the further challenge to be able to humanise the industry. They must balance the need for energy affordability and security alongside climate neutrality and articulate this complex industry to those outside of it. While there is a general industry consensus that finding appropriate talent to plug these gaps is becoming increasingly difficult, little work has been done in the space of practical, implementable solutions to solve this issue. With current data suggesting an aging workforce and high percentage of industry retirements at our doorstep, the time is appropriate for research into the problem at hand. This paper methodically outlines the current dilemma being faced in the recruitment and retention of young professionals, with particular emphasis on the data trends and higher education statistics as relevant to the local demographic of Perth, Western Australia. The paper will also suggest what future skills should be prioritised in order to progress industry goals. This paper outlines the strategies that Chevron Australia has leveraged in order to tackle this issue including, but not limited to, industry engagement, university engagement, human capital trends and predictive analytics. This paper includes example case studies from within Chevron Australia used to tackle this issue with an aim to apply the strategies on an industry-wide scale to come to a collective resolution.
34
Jin, Ruoyu, Patrick Xiaowei Zou, Bo Li, Poorang Piroozfar, and Noel Painting. "Comparisons of students’ perceptions on BIM practice among Australia, China and UK." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 9 (October 21, 2019): 1899–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2018-0275.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose University students are the future driving forces in and leaders of the architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) industry advancement. Although BIM pedagogical studies have been performed in different institutions, there has not been sufficient research providing a global perspective of BIM education and students’ perceptions toward BIM practice and application following their learning progress. The purpose of this paper is to adopt student samples from Swinburne University of Technology (SUT, Australia), Wenzhou University (WZU, China) and University of Brighton (UK) as three case studies to investigate the BIM practice and application-related perceptions and motivations. Design/methodology/approach Based on the thorough understanding of the BIM pedagogical delivery including teaching contents and assessment methods among the three institutions, a questionnaire survey approach was adopted to collect AEC students’ perceptions of BIM. Within each selected case, statistical analysis was conducted to investigate both the overall sample and subgroup differences regarding students’ opinions on BIM’s functions (e.g. as a 3D visualization tool) and BIM usefulness in various industry professions, their motivation in BIM-related jobs and their perceptions of challenges encountered in BIM practice and application. Multiple factors influencing BIM learners’ perceptions were discussed, such as pedagogical assessment approach, and individual factors (e.g. disciplines). Findings The results showed that students were able to discern the latest industry practices and critical thinking in BIM movements. For example, SUT students perceived more challenges from the government legislation or incentive policies, which was consistent with Australia’s BIM policy movement. WZU students tended to have less positive views on BIM usefulness. The results also indicated fewer differences regarding perceived challenges among students from these three institutions. Originality/value This study contributed to the body of knowledge in managerial BIM by focusing on learners’ perceptions from the perspective of students’ understanding, motivation and individual views of BIM, which were insightful to both BIM educators and employers. By initiating the framework of BIM learning process and its influence factors, the current study serves as a point of reference to continue the future work in strengthening the connection between institutional BIM education and industry practical needs worldwide.
35
Teare, Sheldon, and Danielle Measday. "Pyrite Rehousing – Recent Case Studies at Two Australian Museums." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26343.
Full textAbstract:
Two major collecting institutions in Australia, the Australian Museum (Sydney) and Museums Victoria (Melbourne), are currently undertaking large-scale anoxic rehousing projects in their collections to control conservation issues caused by pyrite oxidation. This paper will highlight the successes and challenges of the rehousing projects at both institutions, which have collaborated on developing strategies to mitigate loss to their collections. In 2017, Museums Victoria Conservation undertook a survey with an Oxybaby M+ Gas Analyser to assess the oxygen levels in all their existing anoxic microclimates before launching a program to replace failed microclimates and expand the number of specimens housed in anoxic storage. This project included a literature review of current conservation materials and techniques associated with anoxic storage, and informed the selection of the RP System oxygen scavenger and Escal Neo barrier film from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company as the best-practice products to use for this application. Conservation at the Australian Museum in Sydney was notified of wide-scale pyrite decay in the Palaeontology and Mineral collections. It was noted that many of the old high-barrier film enclosures, done more than ten years ago, were showing signs of failing. None of the Palaeontology specimens had ever been placed in microclimates. After consultation with Museums Victoria and Collection staff, a similar pathway used by Museums Victoria was adopted. Because of the scale of the rehousing project, standardized custom boxes were made, making the construction of hundreds of boxes easier. It is hoped that new products, like the tube-style Escal film, will extend the life of this rehousing project. Enclosures are being tested at the Australian Museum with a digital oxygen meter. Pyrite rehousing projects highlight the loss of Collection materials and data brought about by the inherent properties of some specimens. The steps undertaken to mitigate or reduce the levels of corrosion are linked to the preservation of both the specimens and the data kept with them (paper labels). These projects benefited from the collaboration of Natural Sciences conservators in Australia with Geosciences collections staff. Natural Science is a relatively recent specialization for the Australian conservation profession and it is important to build resources and capacity for conservators to care for these collections. This applied knowledge has already been passed on to other regions in Australia.
36
Smith, Peter, and Iain Paton. "From wells to decisions—data management for coal seam gas operators in Australia as compared to conventional oil and gas operators." APPEA Journal 51, no. 2 (2011): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10096.
Full textAbstract:
The large number of wells associated with typical coal seam gas (CSG) developments in Australia has changed the paradigm for field management and optimisation. Real time data access, automation and optimisation—which have been previously considered luxuries in conventional resources—are key to the development and operation of fields, which can easily reach more than 1,000 wells. The particular issue in Australia of the shortage of skilled labour and operators has increased pressure to automate field operations. This extended abstract outlines established best practices for gathering the numerous data types associated with wells and surface equipment, and converting that data into information that can inform the decision processes of engineers and managers alike. There will be analysis made of the existing standard, tools, software and data management systems from the conventional oil and gas industry, as well as how some of these can be ported to the CSG fields. The need to define industry standards that are similar to those developed over many years in the conventional oil and gas industry will be discussed. Case studies from Australia and wider international CSG operations will highlight the innovative solutions that can be realised through an integrated project from downhole to office, and how commercial off the shelf solutions have advantages over customised one-off systems. Furthermore, case studies will be presented from both CSG and conventional fields on how these enabling technologies translate into increased production, efficiencies and lift optimisation and move towards the goal of allowing engineers to make informed decisions as quickly as possible. Unique aspects of CSG operations, which require similarly unique and innovative solutions, will be highlighted in contrast to conventional oil and gas.
37
Turnbull, C., W. Sher, and L. Tang. "How Can Blockchain Benefit Payment Systems in Smart Construction Contracts: A Brief Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 9 (November 1, 2022): 092037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/9/092037.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Construction industry professionals suffer regularly from poor cash-flow which reflects non-payment or payment delays down the hierarchical chain. This issue is important as the construction industry has the highest rates of insolvency in Australia, the UK and many other countries. Payment conditions under current construction contracts have proven to be inefficient in delivering timely payments as human interference has control over processing claims. This paper investigated the status of contracts and contract law in Australia and the potential of smart contract technology in improving payment issues in the industry. Qualitative data was collected from secondary literature sources which included observations from industry professionals, real case studies, secondary research and government surveys. It was found that smart contracts feature self-executing digital contracts, immutable data, require no intermediaries and provide transparency on all levels. Although these features are fit for purpose in resolving current contractual issues, smart contracts are not yet available in the construction industry. It was also found that smart contracts do have the potential to provide a trusted and reliable payment system in the construction industry, although there are some aspects it is unlikely to replace such as human performance. Research limitations and future research directions are also provided.
38
Keywood, Melita, Mark F. Hibberd, Paul W. Selleck, Maximilien Desservettaz, David D. Cohen, Edward Stelcer, Armand J. Atanacio, Yvonne Scorgie, and Lisa Tzu-Chi Chang. "Sources of Particulate Matter in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia." Atmosphere 11, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11010004.
Full textAbstract:
Exposure to particulate matter results in adverse health outcomes, especially in sensitive members of the community. Many communities that co-exist with industry are concerned about the perceived impact of emissions from that industry on their health. Such concerns have resulted in two studies in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia. The chemical composition of samples of particulate matter, collected over two 12-month sampling periods (2012 and 2014–2015) at six sites in the Hunter Valley and across two size fractions (PM2.5 and PM2.5–10) were input to a receptor model to determine the source of particulate matter influencing particle composition at the sites. Fourteen factors were found to contribute to particle mass. Of these, three source profiles common to all sites, size fractions, and sampling periods were sea salt, industry-aged sea salt and soil. Four source profiles were common across all sites for PM2.5 including secondary sulphate, secondary nitrate, mixed industry/vehicles, and woodsmoke. One source profile (other biomass smoke) was only identified in PM2.5 at Singleton and Muswellbrook, two source profiles (mixed industry/shipping and vehicles) were only identified in PM2.5 at Newcastle, Beresfield, Mayfield, and Stockton, and one source (primary nitrate) was only identified at Stockton in PM2.5. Three sources (bioaerosol, light absorbing particles (coal dust), and industry) were only identified in the PM2.5–10 size fraction at Mayfield and Stockton. The contribution of the soil factor to PM2.5 mass was consistent across the sites, while the fresh sea salt factor decreased with distance from the coast from 23% at Stockton to 3% at Muswellbrook, and smoke increased with distance from the coast. Primary industry was greatest at Stockton (due to the influence of ammonium nitrate emitted from a prilling tower) and lowest inland at Muswellbrook. In general, primary emissions across the sites accounted for 30% of the industry sources. The largest contribution to PM2.5 was from secondary sources at all sites except at Muswellbrook, where woodsmoke and industry sources each made an equal contribution of 40%. In general, secondary reactions accounted for approximately 70% of the industry source, although at Stockton, with the presence of the prilling tower, this split was 50% primary and 50% secondary and at Muswellbrook, the split was 20% primary and 80% secondary. These findings add to the evidence base required to inform policies and programs that will improve air quality in the Hunter Valley.
39
du Plessis, P., and J. P. Maree. "Neutralisation of Acid Water in the Chemical Industry with Limestone." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 8 (April 1, 1994): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0389.
Full textAbstract:
The replacement of lime with limestone for the neutralisation of acid water was investigated through batch and semi-continuous studies. A fluidised-bed reactor with multiple stages of increasing diameters is preferred for the limestone neutralisation process as it allows fluidisation of the bigger particles but also prevents washout of the smaller particles in the case where ungraded particle size limestone is used. It was determined that the rate of neutralisation is influenced by the particle size of limestone and the type of metal in solution. Sulphate is removed as gypsum to the level where the water is saturated with calcium sulphate, while CO2 is produced as a by-product.
40
Ikediashi, Cornelius, and Bassam Bjeirmi. "Oil and gas project management and success: a critical evaluation of oil and gas project management success in Australia." APPEA Journal 59, no. 1 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18056.
Full textAbstract:
Australia remains in pole position to become the world’s leading exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and the number one exporter in the future. Maintaining this trajectory will require the oil and gas industry in Australia to remain competitive in project delivery to continue to attract investments. Yet, the Australian project delivery environment poses a big threat to this trajectory. Several research studies, organisations and institutions have come up with a long list of generic factors contributing to project management success and failure. The aim of this study is to examine oil and gas projects in Australia with a view to ascertain their success or otherwise and the specific contributing factors. This study has used a qualitative method of research by examining secondary sources of information on four recent Western Australia LNG projects (Gorgon, Wheatstone, Prelude and Ichthys) and presenting them as case studies. Specifically, the research has used mostly online sources that are either independent reports or information sourced from company websites. The key findings suggest that major oil and gas projects in Australia fail, and that failure or success is determined by the ability of the project management team to deliver the project on budget and on schedule. This is exemplified by the projects examined in this study, which have all shown cost and schedule overruns. Six critical factors are observed as contributing to cost and schedule overrun: project location, high cost of executing projects in Australia versus overseas, skills shortages, overseas manufacturing, project complexity and cultural and environment issues. Innovation, collaboration and standardisation, as adopted from other regions, are the initial practices suggested for the Australian industry to overcome all six factors and encourage further investment.
41
Carr, Robert Anthony. "Political Economy and the Australian Government’s CCTV Programme: An Exploration of State-Sponsored Street Cameras and the Cultivation of Consent and Business in Local Communities." Surveillance & Society 14, no. 1 (May 9, 2016): 90–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v14i1.5372.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the political economy of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in Australia, providing new insights into the relationship between government policy and its economic implications. I have rationalised state-sponsored street cameras as a component in the cultivation of consent between the state and local communities; a mechanism for government to facilitate the flow of public funds to business through arrangements that are virtually unchecked and non-evidence based; a mechanism for government to facilitate profitable opportunities in and beyond the security technologies industry; and, a mechanism to normalise hegemonic social and political relations at the level of discourse. This article explores how government has assisted growth in the security industry in Australia. I draw on a case study about Kiama Municipal Council’s decision in 2014 to accept funding from the Abbott Government to install CCTV cameras through the Safer Streets Programme. This is despite historically low crime rates in Kiama and an inability to demonstrate broad support for the programme in the local community. This study reveals how politicians have cultivated support for CCTV at the local level and pressured councils to install these systems despite a lack of evidence they reduce, deter or prevent crime. Examined is how the footage captured on local council CCTV has been distributed and its meanings mediated by political and commercial groups. I argue that the politics of CCTV dissemination in Australia is entwined with the imperatives of electoral success and commercial opportunity—a coalescent relationship evident in the Safer Streets Programme. Furthermore, the efficacy of CCTV as an electoral tool in Australia is explained via the proposition that street cameras perform a central role in the discourses and political economy of the state.
42
Diamond, Tara. "Constructivism: an answer to activism." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18241.
Full textAbstract:
The rise of activism is impacting the future of the Australian resources and energy industry. New projects suffer delays on a myriad of regulatory fronts, and fall victim to coordinated activist campaigns seeking to undermine their social licence to operate. Public trust in the natural gas industry is declining more rapidly in Australia than any other country, followed closely by the United States. In Australia, the industry is looking internationally for best practice approaches to turning this issue of perceptions around. In this paper I have drawn on the latest research and practical case studies from the United States to argue that harnessing the power of the workforce is the key to a strong, constructive response to activism and shifting community perceptions of the industry. I articulate the concept of constructivism in support of the resources and energy industries as an answer to activism, outlining strategies for successful constructivist campaigns, ultimately led by highly engaged Australian workforces. The method involves applying this constructivist approach to ‘Industry Employee Engagement’, creating a clear sense of purpose and emotional bond between your employees, their work and the industry. This sees employees motivated to take action and, when equipped with the appropriate knowledge and skills, discuss and promote the industry within their own community networks. Success will provide an aligned and unified approach to turning around perceptions of the industry and ensuring all Australians are fully informed and behind the role the industry will play in our nation’s future.
43
Owen, Ceridwen. "Regenerative Tourism: A Case Study of the Resort Town Yulara." Open House International 32, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2007-b0005.
Full textAbstract:
Ecotourism is a burgeoning sector of the tourism industry offering a relatively guilt-free environment in which to satisfy the desire for travel and adventure. The discourse is firmly entrenched within the dominant conception of sustainability where nature is seen as a privileged ‘other’, untouched by humans. This ideology is also prevalent in the design of ecotourism facilities, which are generally predicated on a model of minimal intervention. This low-impact approach is not problematic in itself, but it misses the opportunity to engage in a more productive and ‘regenerative’ relationship with place. Conversely, Philip Cox Richardson Taylor's design for the resort town of Yulara in central Australia sought a more constructive relationship with place and questioned the conventional notion of ‘resort’. Although this resort, constructed in 1984, predates the current ecotourism industry and certification programs, it remains an early exemplar of innovations in this area and offers the benefits of hindsight. Through an exploration of the ideals and realities of the design and subsequent occupation of Yulara, this paper questions the potential challenges and opportunities of the design of ecotourism facilities to engage in a more ‘regenerative’ agenda. In particular, it identifies the social context and consideration of spatial practice as a key area of opportunity for the built environment to contribute to the ecotourism goal of interpretation and education through a more reflexive form of environmental awareness.
44
Franklin, Adrian. "Human-Nonhuman Animal Relationships in Australia: An Overview of Results from the First National Survey and Follow-up Case Studies 2000-2004." Society & Animals 15, no. 1 (2007): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x169315.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper provides an overview of results from an Australian Research Council-funded project "Sentiments and Risks: The Changing Nature of Human-Animal Relations in Australia." The data discussed come from a survey of 2000 representative Australians at the capital city, state, and rural regional level. It provides both a snapshot of the state of involvement of Australians with nonhuman animals and their views on critical issues: ethics, rights, animals as food, risk from animals, native versus introduced animals, hunting, fishing, and companionate relations with animals. Its data point to key trends and change. The changing position of animals in Australian society is critical to understand, given its historic export markets in meat and livestock, emerging tourism industry with its strong wildlife focus, native animals' place in discourses of nation, and the centrality of animal foods in the national diet. New anxieties about risk from animal-sourced foods and the endangerment of native animals from development and introduced species, together with tensions between animals' rights and the privileging of native species, contribute to the growth of a strongly contested animal politics in Australia.
45
Tatnall, Arthur, and Stephen Burgess. "Portals Then and Now." International Journal of Web Portals 1, no. 4 (October 2009): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jwp.2009071302.
Full textAbstract:
This article investigates the evolution of two different types of Web portals, one in Bangladesh and the other in Australia. The initial data collection was conducted in the early 2000s and revisited in 2009. The idea of a Web portal is not new, but in the last few years the portal concept has gained considerably in importance as new types of portal are developed and new uses found for portal technology. The article begins with a brief classification of the types of portals in use today and then considers some of the advantages conferred on a business in using portal technology. Developed and developing countries have different problems in making use of e-commerce and see the advantages and problems of using portals rather differently. In the article the authors examine and compare case studies of a Horizontal B-B Industry Portal in Melbourne, Australia, and a Vertical Industry Portal in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
46
Galbreath, Jeremy, Daniel Tisch, Mohammed Quaddus, and Fazlul Rabbanee. "The impact of climate change on firm adaptation: the case of the wine industry." International Journal of Wine Business Research 32, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwbr-07-2019-0045.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this study was to test the effects of climate change, as manifested in both temperature and rainfall changes, on adaptive practices in a sample of wine firms operating in South Australia. Given that firms’ adaptation to the external environment can be advanced through effective internal learning systems, a further purpose was to explore the moderating effect of absorptive capacity. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a survey as well as secondary sources to collect data. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. To test the robustness of the results, alternative measures of temperature and rainfall changes were used. Findings By studying 207 wine firms, the analysis suggests that climate change is significantly and positively associated with adaptive practices. Further, as hypothesized, absorptive capacity positively moderates both relationships. Research limitations/implications The use of a single industry in a specific location limits the generalizability of the results. Implications suggest that when the effects of climate change are considered the natural environment might be accorded salient stakeholder status. Further, when absorptive capacity is high, firms appear to adapt to climate change at a greater rate, suggesting that internal learning systems are important. Originality/value This is one the few studies in the business literature that considers the effects of actual physical changes in the natural environment on firm behaviour. Further, the paper is one of the few to incorporate natural stakeholder-based theory as a means of exploring climate change. The research paves the way for future studies of responses to such changes.
47
RACE, DIGBY, IRENE GUIJT, and PETER KANOWSKI. "Australian experiences of farm forestry." Environmental Conservation 25, no. 3 (September 1998): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892998000290.
Full textAbstract:
Farm forestry is increasingly promoted in many countries as a land-use option which is likely to provide benefits in terms of improving the viability of agriculture, developing additional timber resources for industry, and enhancing regional development. This paper draws upon experiences of farm forestry in Australia to identify some lessons for its development that may be relevant to other countries. The paper provides an overview of farm forestry in the Australian context and reports on a recent review of leading case studies to provide some insights into means of future development. Three case studies are included to illustrate the diverse nature, and multiple benefits sought, of farm forestry. The important requirements of landholders pioneering farm forestry relate to: managing risks, participating in research and development, contributing to information exchange, addressing key farm issues, developing in-depth farm knowledge, establishing links with government and/or industry, and contributing to long-term community values.
48
Corral de Zubielqui, Graciela, Janice Jones, Pi-Shen Seet, and Noel Lindsay. "Knowledge transfer between actors in the innovation system: a study of higher education institutions (HEIS) and SMES." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 3/4 (May 1, 2015): 436–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-07-2013-0152.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand how and why small to medium enterprises (SMEs) access knowledge from external actors in general and from higher education institutions (HEIs) in particular and what is the extent to which these knowledge access pathways affect SME innovativeness. Design/methodology/approach – The paper involved both quantitative and qualitative approaches: a survey of 1,226 SMEs and a mini case study to follow-up on issues arising from the survey analysis. Survey data were analysed using both non-parametric and multivariate Poisson regression analysis. The case study was based on a medium-sized manufacturing firm in South Australia. Findings – While there are significant differences between the micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, the evidence suggests that SMEs generally use “generic” university–industry knowledge transfer pathways (e.g. published research results) rather than university–industry links with high “relational” involvement. More significantly, the results indicate that SMEs are more likely to rely on organisations other than universities and related R&D enterprises for knowledge acquisition like clients/customers or suppliers. While collaboration is most likely to occur within the same state/territory, or Australia, many SMEs also collaborate internationally, usually as part of normal supplier–customer relationships, reinforcing knowledge acquisition from organisationally proximate partners. These findings are also supported by the case study. Research limitations/implications – This research was limited to surveying SMEs in one geographic (metropolitan) region in Australia. It also does not account for the different patterns of HEI–SME interactions in different industry sectors. There is also only one case study. Originality/value – First, the research adds to the few field studies that have investigated accessing knowledge for innovation among SMEs. Specifically, the research contributes to an understanding of the heterogeneous roles that different actors play in facilitating knowledge access for improving innovative SMEs outcomes. Second, the research does not treat all SMEs similarly in terms of size effects but instead accounts for differing SME sizes and how this affects their selection of knowledge access pathways. Third, the research contributes to a small number of studies that attempt to understand how HEIs and SMEs can work better together in the context of a regional innovation system, especially one that is relatively less competitive to the larger economy.
49
Moss, Wesley M., Andrew L. Guzzomi, Kevin J. Foster, Megan H. Ryan, and Phillip G. H. Nichols. "Harvesting subterranean clover seed – current practices, technology and issues." Crop and Pasture Science 72, no. 3 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20269.
Full textAbstract:
Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is Australia’s most widely sown annual pasture legume. Its widespread use as a pasture plant requires a well-functioning seed production industry, and Australia is the only significant producer of subterranean clover seed globally. However, the sustainability of this industry is under threat due to its reliance on ageing harvest equipment and the resultant environmental impacts. In order to evaluate seed harvesting practices, technology, and issues, we report on case studies, workshops, and a survey of seed producers across southern Australia. The Horwood Bagshaw Clover Harvester, designed in the 1950s, remains the most popular subterranean clover seed harvester. We discuss its use and modifications, and document several contemporary issues facing the seed production industry. Issues are primarily soil erosion and degradation; the expensive, slow and labour-intensive harvest process; and poor reliability and maintainability of harvesters that are now at least 30 years old. We conclude the root cause of these issues is the suction harvest technology utilised by the Horwood Bagshaw Clover Harvester. Analysis of the current harvest system is provided to support the development of new approaches to harvest subterranean clover seeds.
50
Costa, Olga, João Matias, and Carina Pimentel. "Occupational health and safety in construction projects: a case study on chemical industry sector." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2184-0954_005.002_0002.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This study was conducted to demonstrate the importance of occupational health and safety (OHS) management in construction project environments, taking into account the successful development of those projects. The associated problems in OHS management projects were also studied, as substantial empirical research has shown this is a complex theme with a large number of associated factors. Methods: In this study three projects developed in the Portuguese petrochemical industry were analysed using documentary analysis, on-going interaction with workers and direct observations of work activity. A systematic literature review was also carried out. Results: Strengths and weaknesses related to OHS management of the three analysed projects were identified. Grounded on the case studies results a proposal of OHS management in construction projects, in a recommendations format, is also presented. Conclusion: Good results from OHS management in projects can be obtained as long as it is focused on success factors such as: top management commitment; line responsibility; involvement of all employees and, mainly, of direct and indirect managers. Well-defined OHS responsibilities; a well sized and structured organization and the creation of an honest, healthy, motivating and useful OHS environment team with a competent and dynamic coordinator leader are also important success factors.