Academic literature on the topic 'Chemical impregnating agents'

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemical impregnating agents"

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Savelyev, Yuriy. "Polyurethane Functional Coatings for Protection of Different Surfaces from Aggressive Environmental Factors." Nauka ta innovacii 10, no. 3 (June 3, 2014): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scin10.03.028.

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New polyurethane compositions (PC) as multifunctional protective materials that can serve as coatings or binders or impregnating materials have been created. PC have high adhesion values and the PC-based materials are waterproof and resistant to aggressive biotic (abiotic) and technogenic factors (biocorrosion, UV radiation, chemical agents). Putting active compounds into the polymer macrochain prolongs the protection functions of the materials. This is their advantage to existing materials.
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Shrestha, Dibyashree. "Removal of Eosin Y Dye using Activated Carbons from Modified Wood Dust Powder of Dalbergia sisoo." Patan Pragya 8, no. 01 (December 31, 2021): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v8i01.42356.

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An agro-waste/wood-dust of Dalbergia sisoo (Sisau)derived activated carbons have been applied as a potential adsorbent to remove anionic dye “Eosin Y” from aqueous solution. The activated carbons were synthesized by carbonization technique. The chemical activation was done by impregnating with three different impregnating agents, i.e. acid, base and salt, namely phosphoric acid (H3PO4) , potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The prepared activated carbons were characterized by various instrumental techniques like TGA/DSC, XRD, Raman, FTIR, SEM and BET. The BET analysis gave the evidence of micropores and mesopores in the samples. The H3PO4 activated carbon sample revealed higher surface area than KOH and Na2CO3 activated samples. The amorphous nature of the sample was observed on the basis of XRD and Raman spectroscopy technique. The adsorption of dye was performed by varying the dye concentration, pH and sample dose. The maximum percent of dye removal by H3PO4 activated carbon (Dal-A) for Eosin Y was found to be 99.9 % at an aqueous solution of 20ppm, pH 3.5, adsorbent dose of 30 mg and 5 min of time as compared to KOH and Na2CO3 activated carbons; Dal-B and Dal-C respectively. This study proved to be highly successful in addressing the local problem of wastewater pollution of garment and textile industrial effluents using locally available wood dust of Dalbergia sisoo. Acidic pH environment was found to be more conducive in the removal of Eosin Y dye.
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Al-Asheh, Sameer, Fawzi Banat, and Asmahan Masad. "Use of Activated Oil Shale for the Removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenol from Aqueous Solutions." Water Quality Research Journal 40, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2005.024.

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Abstract Sorption of the phenolic compound 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by pyrolyzed and different forms of treated residue of Jordanian oil shale was examined. Pyrolyzed oil shale was prepared using a fluidized bed reactor at 520ºC in the presence of nitrogen. Physical activation was carried out by treating the resultant pyrolyzed oil shale with CO2 at 830ºC, while chemical activation of oil shale was carried out using KOH and ZnCl2 as impregnating agents. Uptake of 2,4-DCP onto the different types of sorbents increased in the order ZnCl2-OS > Pyr-OS > CO2-OS, with minimal uptake when KOH-OS was used. The process was found to be exothermic in nature. An increase in the initial pH of the solution negatively influenced the sorption of 2,4-DCP. The isotherm experimental data fitted reasonably to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Paterson models. According to kinetics studies, the rate of 2,4-DCP sorption onto ZnCl2-OS was faster than that by Pyr-OS. Three kinetics models, namely the Morris-Weber model, Lagergren model, and pseudo-second-order model (PSOM), were applied to represent the experimental results for both pyrolyzed and ZnCl2-oil shale sorbents.
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Stawowiak, Michał, Marcel Żołnierz, and Zenon Rożenek. "Research on the coefficient of friction of becorit K22 and K25SB linings." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0039.

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Abstract The article presents the method and results of experimental tests of the coefficient of friction between a steel rope and friction lining. The BECORIT K22 and BECORIT K25SB floor coverings were tested. The tests were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the new German standard: DIN 21258 – Lubricants and impregnating agents for drive discs and transport ropes in mining – safety and testing requirements. The authors in this article emphasize that the Becorit K22 and K25SB linings are used for the wheels of propeller drums of mining machines. Characterized by high coefficients of friction (μ ≥ 0.25), also in cases of extreme weather conditions on the surface. The chemical properties of BECORIT linings ensure their resistance to swelling in the event of different oils and lubricants as well as mine waters. The material of which the claddings are made ensures very good machinability during rolling of rope grooves with the use of turning or milling tools. BECORIT K22 plastic cladding is particularly suitable for use in hoisting machines, where the rope base forms a large overlap angle on the wheel grooves (max 1°31'), which causes its lateral wear faster. BECORIT K22 material in this case provides a higher service life compared to other materials. Due to the way they are mounted on the wheel, they are made as 1-piece (monolith) or bipartite. In this article, moreover, the structure and principle of operation of the measuring station on which the tests were carried out are presented in great detail.
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de Bilbao, Emmanuel, Mathieu Dombrowski, Nicolas Traon, Thorsten Tonnesen, Jacques Poirier, and Eric Blond. "Study of Reactive Impregnation and Phase Transformations during the Corrosion of High Alumina Refractories by Al2O3-CaO Slag." Advances in Science and Technology 92 (October 2014): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.92.264.

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Corrosion of refractories results from reactive transport namely, transport of agents and chemical reactions of these agents with impregnated medium. On one hand, the transport involves either diffusion or impregnation depending on the state of the corrosive agents and the microstructure of the host media. On the other hand, chemical reactions may be very numerous and complex. This study focused on the reactive impregnation of Al2O3-CaO slag into porous high alumina refractory.Transport properties of the porous media have been assessed by performing wicking test. Chemical reactions between the solid high alumina skeleton and Al2O3-CaO slag involve successive dissolution/precipitation mechanisms forming aluminates of lime. Contrary to the thermodynamic properties of the binary system, the kinetics of these solid/liquid reactions is not well known. Corrosion tests associated with quenching method, XRD and high temperature XRD were performed for a better understanding of the kinetics.
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Zhang, Lingxia, Jianlin Shi, Jiangtian Li, Zile Hua, and Meiling Ruan. "Carbon nanostructures formed on mesoporous silica by catalytic chemical vapor deposition of ethene." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 2 (February 2008): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0047.

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Three different strategies, wet impregnation, in situ reduction, and grafting with silane coupling agents, have been used to introduce CoNi nanoparticles with different existing forms into mesoporous silica. These composites were used as catalysts to grow nanostructured carbons by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using ethene. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different inner diameters can grow out of mesoporous silica particles incorporated with CoNi nanoclusters. Many fewer CNTs could be found in the pore channels of the sample prepared by using silane coupling agents than in those of the sample synthesized via wet impregnation. No CNTs formed in the pore channels of the sample prepared by in situ reduction. After the removal of silica, different carbon nanostructures have been obtained in the pore channels. Ordered graphite carbon mesostructure was obtained from the sample prepared by in situ reduction. Highly dispersed metal catalysts inside mesopore channels are favorable for the formation of graphite carbons with ordered mesostructures.
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Mohd Alias, Mohd Zazmiezi, Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi, Nik Raihan Nik Yusoff, and Mohd Hafiz Jamaludin. "Effect of Activation Agents on COD Reduction Using Activated Carbon from Agricultural Residue." Materials Science Forum 1010 (September 2020): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1010.453.

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This study investigated the effect of activating agent on activated carbon preparation and potential chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction using activated carbons (AC) prepared. Zinc chloride, phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide were utilized in impregnation of bamboo and rice husk. Result of SEM-EDX, FTIR as well as COD reduction were compared and discussed. The SEM displayed highest porosity in AC using KOH activation. FTIR analysis displayed obvious difference for each activation. AC using KOH activation obtained highest COD reduction.
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Amran, Fadina, and Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini. "Effects of chemical activating agents on physical properties of activated carbons – a commentary." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 4 (October 17, 2020): 863–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.094.

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Abstract Well-developed surface areas and porous structures that render high adsorption capacity are necessary for pollutant removal from wastewater by activated carbons. Activated carbons from natural resources, and agricultural and industrial waste materials are produced using chemical agents, including KOH, H3PO4, K2CO3, ZnCl2 and NaOH. This study is intended to highlight the effects of those agents on the physical properties of the activated carbons. The operating conditions, i.e., temperature, time and ratio, show an interplay towards the physical properties at varying degree. The yield, pore size, mesoporosity and surface area of activated carbons derived using different chemical agents correlate well with the impregnation ratio. Generally, the pore size, mesoporosity and surface area increase, while the yield decreases with increasing ratio (over a given range). Higher ratio and temperature are recommended for KOH, K2CO3 and NaOH activation, to endow activated carbons with greater surface area.
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Suhdi and Sheng-Chang Wang. "Fine Activated Carbon from Rubber Fruit Shell Prepared by Using ZnCl2 and KOH Activation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 3994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093994.

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Fine activated carbon (FAC) is prepared from rubber fruit shells (RFS) using two chemical activating agents (ZnCl2 and KOH) and three impregnation ratios (1:3, 1:4, and 1:5). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) results show that for a constant impregnation ratio, the ZnCl2 activating agent yields a higher specific surface area than the KOH agent. In particular, for the maximum impregnation ratio of 1:5, the FAC prepared using ZnCl2 has a BET surface area of 456 m2/g, a nitrogen absorption capacity of 150.38 cm3/g, and an average pore size of 3.44 nm. Moreover, the FAC structure consists of 70.1% mesopores and has a carbon content of 80.05 at.%. Overall, the results confirm that RFS, activated using an appropriate quantity of ZnCl2, provides a cheap, abundant, and highly promising precursor material for the preparation of activated carbon with high carbon content and good adsorption properties
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Woo, Tae Gyun, Byeong Jun Cha, Young Dok Kim, and Hyun Ook Seo. "Positive Effects of Impregnation of Fe-oxide in Mesoporous Al-Oxides on the Decontamination of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate." Catalysts 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9110898.

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Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) is an important simulant of organophosphates pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. Here, we investigated the catalytic decontamination of DMMP on Fe-oxide impregnated mesoporous Al2O3. Fe-oxide/Al2O3 sample was prepared via the temperature regulated chemical vapor deposition of Fe-oxide on mesoporous Al2O3 and post-annealing at 750 °C. The Fe-oxide/Al2O3 and bare Al2O3 samples were exposed to DMMP-containing dry air at room temperature to study the effects of Fe-oxide impregnation on the reactive adsorption of DMMP. The facilitation of DMMP degradation into CO2 and methanol at room temperature in the presence of nano-dispersed Fe-oxide was evidenced by gas-chromatograph and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) absorption spectroscopy. In addition, temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) experiments and gas chromatography (Agilent, 6890) equipped with mass spectrometer (Agilent, 5973N) (GC/MS) analyses revealed that the minimum temperature that was required for total oxidation of DMMP into CO2 can also be lowered by Fe-oxide impregnation in mesoporous Al2O3.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemical impregnating agents"

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Шамрай, Володимир Ігорович. "Управління декоративними властивостями гірських порід на основі фактурної обробки." Doctoral thesis, Житомир, 2017. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/19320.

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Дисертаційна робота присвячена дослідженню декоративних властивостей гірських порід при видобуванні та обробці природного облицювального каменю за допомогою цифрової обробки зображень для визначення оптимального напрямку ведення гірничих робіт для різних за кольоровим тоном ділянок родовища природного каменю. У роботі досліджено та встановлено чинники, які впливають на декоративні показники природного облицювального каменю при його видобуванні та обробці. На основі отриманих показників та залежностей розроблено методику управління декоративними властивостями природного облицювального каменю при його видобуванні та фактурній обробці. Розроблено класифікацію Покостівського гранодіориту за кольоровим тоном при його видобуванні та фактурній обробці. Для виконання досліджень було розроблено методику визначення різних типів необроблених блоків з природного облицювального каменю за кольоровим тоном за допомогою цифрової обробки зображень при розробці родовищ корисних копалин. Проведено геометризацію родовища природного облицювального каменю. Було підраховано запаси різних типів декоративного каменю за кольоровим тоном та визначені ділянки родовища за різними декоративними показниками. На основі розрахункових коефіцієнтів виходу блоків визначено оптимальний напрям ведення гірничих робіт.
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Book chapters on the topic "Chemical impregnating agents"

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Martín, Carlos, Mats Galbe, Nils-Olof Nilvebrant, and Leif J. Jönsson. "Comparison of the Fermentability of Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreated by Steam Explosion Using Different Impregnating Agents." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 699–716. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0119-9_57.

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Soloviev, Sergiy O., Pavlo I. Kyriienko, Olga V. Larina, Nataliia V. Hudzenko, Vitaly P. Boiko, and Vladimir K. Grishchenko. "Development of the new generation catalysts for the process of bioethanol conversion into 1,3-butadiene for further synthesis of reactive oligomers as the binding agents for high-energy compositions." In NEW FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, 268–79. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.444.268.

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The influence of composition of ZnO(Cu)/MgO-SiO2 and ZnO(Cu)/ZrO2-SiO2 catalysts on their catalytic performance in the 1,3-butadiene production process from rectified ethanol and ethanol-aqueous mixtures has been studied. The ZnO/MgO-SiO2 catalyst that contains equivalent amounts of MgO and SiO2, is characterized by the highest activity and selectivity for 1,3-butadiene among ZnO/MgO-SiO2 systems, due to the optimal ratio of acid and basic surface sites. It is shown that highly active MgO-SiO2-based catalysts can be obtained by wet-kneading of magnesium oxide/hydroxide and freshly precipitated silicate material, due to which it is possible to obtain a high concentration of LAS in interface of the components. Catalysts ZnO/ZrO2-SiO2 prepared by wet-kneading of ZnO nanoparticles and ZrO2-SiO2 has shown higher activity and selectivity in the conversion of ethanol-water mixtures into 1,3-butadiene compared to those prepared by impregnation. It has been shown that the radical polymerization of the C4 fraction obtained by the catalytic conversion of ethanol/ethanol-aqueous mixtures makes it possible to obtain functionalized liquid rubbers that can be used as binders in the creation of high-energy compositions for various purposes.
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Conference papers on the topic "Chemical impregnating agents"

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Jia, Rong-Li, Cheng-Yang Wang, and Bin Zhu. "Preparation of Platinum Supported on Carbon Blacks With Different Surface Chemical Characteristics." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74138.

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In a study of the preparation of Pt/C eletrocatalysts, a set of modified Vulcan XC-72R carbon black supports have been prepared by nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide oxidation, or thermal treatment in nitrogen flow. The supports obtained by these methods had largely identical pore structure, but different from the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups. The physical and surface chemical nature of the supports was characterized by XPS, BET, FTIR and acid-base titration. The above pre-treatment-carbon supported platinum catalysts were prepared by impregnation-reduction method with formaldehyde as the reducing agent, H2PtCl6 as precursor. The effect of the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups of Vulcan XC-72R carbon black on Pt/C catalysts dispersion was studied by the characterization with XRD and TEM. It has been found that decreasing the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups on carbon supports favored the platinum dispersion on the Pt/C catalysts.
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