Academic literature on the topic 'Chemical elicitation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemical elicitation"

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Wang, Soon-Joo, and Seongyong Yoon. "Chemical Response Emergency Medical Information System in Chemical Disaster." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19002267.

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Introduction:There are many database sets and websites which provide chemical information, but they do not perform an adequate role for emergency medical support in a chemical disaster.Aim:To make the basis of a chemical emergency medical information system.Methods:We reviewed the database sets, mobile applications and websites in the world which provide chemical database and emergency medical response information from a chemical accident or disaster site to hospitals. Also, we examined chemical accident cases which developed during disasters. A chemical database set for emergency medical response was proposed and the algorithm for elicitation of chemicals suitable for emergency medical response and information providing. We performed a survey about chemical emergency medical information system to related personnel.Results:By four steps of elicitation of chemicals, the number of chemicals more than 100,000 was decreased to less than 1,000. The standard of steps includes accident preparedness, toxicity and circulating amount and expert consultation. Algorithm for elicitation of chemicals was made and 82% of related personnel supported the chemical emergency response algorithm. The emergency medical real-time consultation system for chemical disaster was placed under control of the call center.Discussion:When mass exposure by toxic chemicals occurs, the chemical emergency medical information system will be helpful for acute identification of chemicals, protection of related personnel and emergency medical response. Also, it can be possible to guide citizens immediately in case of a chemical disaster.
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Sae-Lee, Napaporn, Orapin Kerdchoechuen, Natta Laohakunjit, Benjawan Thumthanaruk, Dipayan Sarkar, and Kalidas Shetty. "Improvement of Phenolic Antioxidant-linked Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity of Grape Cell Culture Elicited by Chitosan and Chemical Treatments." HortScience 52, no. 11 (November 2017): 1577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12248-17.

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Grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Pok Dum) is a rich source of health relevant phenolic antioxidants and can be targeted to mitigate chronic oxidative stress commonly associated with noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs), such as cancer. Furthermore, improving health relevant phenolic bioactives and associated antioxidant properties of fruits by using chemical elicitation strategy has significant merit. Based on this biochemical rationale, chitosan and other chemical elicitors potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), and aluminum sulphate [Al2(SO4)3] were targeted to improve phenolic bioactive profiles and associated antioxidant and anticancer properties of cultured grape cells grown for 28 days. After chemical elicitor treatments, phenolic content, resveratrol content, antioxidant activity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activity, and cytotoxicity (cell inhibition) against cancer cell lines of cultured grape cells were investigated using in vitro assay models. Overall, stimulation of phenolic bioactives and improvement in associated cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines were found in cultured grape cells after chemical elicitation treatments. Chitosan and other chemical elicitors resulted in lower growth of cultured grape cells; however, they enhanced phenolic biosynthesis on a cell weight basis when compared with the control. Chemical elicitor treatments, such as Na2SeO3 (50 mg·L−1 and 100 mg·L−1) and Al2(SO4)3 (50 mg·L−1), resulted in enhanced phenolic content at the end of 14 days of culture (1.7, 1.4, and 1.0-fold increase, respectively). Higher accumulation of resveratrol and higher antioxidant activity with Al2(SO4)3 (50 mg·L−1) and Na2SeO3 (100 mg·L−1) elicitation treatments were also observed. Enhanced phenolic bioactives in cultured grape cells in response to chemical elicitation treatment, such as Na2SeO3, also resulted in higher cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. Therefore, this study indicates that chemical elicitors, such as Na2SeO3 and Al2(SO4)3, as well as chitosan in select doses can be targeted to improve phenolic bioactives and associated antioxidant and anticancer properties in cultured grape cells and such strategy has relevance for wider applications with other phenolic antioxidant-enriched fruits.
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Salgado Chavez, Jose Alberto, Luz Stella Ramirez Aristizabal, and Oscar Marino Mosquera Martinez. "pomoea batatas(L.) Lam. (Convolvulaceae) as a source of polyphenols with antitumor activity and prospects for in vitro production using chemical elicitors -A Review." Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas, no. 2 (March 30, 2023): 156–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37360/blacpma.23.22.2.12.

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Ipomoea batatas has an enormous projection as functional food and it is an excellent source of anticancerous or chemopreventive substances. Plant tissue culture offers the possibility of inducing secondary metabolites production under controlled conditions and their projection for industrial purposes. To establish the state of knowledge regarding advances in polyphenols chemical elicitation from I. batatas and the possibility of producing potential anticancerous compounds in vitro culture systems, a bibliometric review and an analysis of information available until 2020 were made. Results showed that research field on which review was carried out is current and has a growing trend; however, sweet potato cell suspensions evaluation is scarce. Elicitation using compounds with hormonal effects represents a good alternative to increase phenolic acids production in this species. Advances in phenols elicitation from sweet potato cell suspensions will require search superior genotypes, and associating this knowledge with in vivo and in silico studies.
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Ryerson, Douglas E., and Michèle C. Heath. "Fungal elicitation of wall modifications in leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Pinto I. Attempts to mimic elicitation with chemical treatments." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 40, no. 4 (April 1992): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-5765(92)90077-9.

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Pimentel-Elardo, Sheila M., Dan Sørensen, Louis Ho, Mikaela Ziko, Stephanie A. Bueler, Stella Lu, Joe Tao, et al. "Activity-Independent Discovery of Secondary Metabolites Using Chemical Elicitation and Cheminformatic Inference." ACS Chemical Biology 10, no. 11 (September 18, 2015): 2616–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.5b00612.

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El-Hawary, Seham S., Marwa H. A. Hassan, Ahmed O. Hudhud, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, and Rabab Mohammed. "Elicitation for activation of the actinomycete genome's cryptic secondary metabolite gene clusters." RSC Advances 13, no. 9 (2023): 5778–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra08222e.

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Elicitation of secondary metabolites in actinomycetes: (TFD) Transcription Factor Decoys, (ORG) Overexpression of regulatory genes, (PRS) Promoter Replacement Strategy, (GRG) Global regulatory gene, (RGMS) Reporter-guided Mutant Selection.
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Yamano, Tetsuo, Mitsuru Shimizu, and Tsutomu Noda. "Relative Elicitation Potencies of Seven Chemical Allergens in the Guinea Pig Maximization Test." JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE 47, no. 2 (2001): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/jhs.47.123.

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Taghizadeh, Seyedeh Faezeh, Ramin Rezaee, Masoumeh Mehmandoust, Fatemeh Sadat Madarshahi, Aristidis Tsatsakis, and Gholamreza Karimi. "Coronatine elicitation alters chemical composition and biological properties of cumin seed essential oil." Microbial Pathogenesis 130 (May 2019): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.023.

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Kurata, Kazuo, Kazuma Fujimoto, Koji Fukagawa, Hiroshi Etoh, Yasufumi Okabe, and Toshiie Sakata. "Evaluation for chemical structure of glucose analogufs which affect feeding elicitation in rats." Neuroscience Research Supplements 3 (January 1986): S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8696(86)90039-3.

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Yuliani, Farida, Widyatmani Sih Dewi, Ahmad Yunus, and Usman Siswanto. "The Study of Artemisinin Content in Callus Artemisia annua L. Cultures Elicited with Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus sp." Molekul 13, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2018.13.2.459.

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Artemisinin, is a sesquiterpene lactone which is originally extracted from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua L. Artemisinin is a very effective antimalarial agent, however it is produced in very low amounts in plants. Chemical synthesis of artemisinin is complicated and not economically feasible. Researchers often use elicitation methods to increase artemisinin content in a laboratory scale with biotic or abiotic elicitor. This study examined the effect of elicitation using endophytic fungi Aspergillus sp on artemisinin content of callus A. annua cultures. Observations were made on its growth, texture and color, chlorophyll content and dry weight. Fungi were isolated from the stem tissue of A. annua and callus were grown on Murashige and Skoog medium. After 3 weeks of incubation, callus treated with four different elicitors concentration (0, 2, 4, 6 mg/mL). There were significant alterations on callus culture in terms of growth, texture, color and chlorophyll content after elicitation. The results clearly demonstrated that the endophytic fungal elicitor Aspergillus sp could increase artemisinin content but did not affect the callus dry weight of A. annua. The treatment of 4 mg/mL elicitor produced the highest artemisinin content, that increased 7.6 times compared to the control, from 0.0036% to 0.0275%.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemical elicitation"

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Zabaras, Dimitrios, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Determination of induced changes in foliar emissions of terpene-accumulating plants." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Zabaras_D.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/809.

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Stress-induced changes in the emissions of volatiles from many economically-important plants have been demonstrated in studies over the past decade. Plants such as cotton and corn change both the composition and concentration of their emissions when subjected to wounding, herbivory and pathogen attack. Terpene-accumulating plants have been overlooked as potential objects of such studies although work on conifers has shown that species rich in constitutive defences can also exhibit induced responses. The aim of this study was to investigate whether terpene-accumulating plants respond to stress by altering their foliar emissions qualitatively and/or quantitatively. Species examined included Salvia officinalis (common sage), Melaleuca alternifolia (Australian tea tree) and Ocimum minimum (Bush basil). An experimental design was developed to eliminate factors such as leaf ontogeny that can affect the obtained results and complicate their interpretation. Small-scale solvent extraction and HS-SPME-based techniques were also developed; they enabled the quantitative determination of treatment-induced changes over periods ranging from 10 minutes to 6 months. Treatment of plants included mechanical wounding, herbivory, pathogen attack and chemical elicitation. Overall, statistically significant induced-changes were observed for both leaf-oil composition and concentration. The response of the different species used varied. O. minimum exhibited the greatest compositional changes whilst M. alternifolia was the only species for which oil-concentration changes were observed. The demonstrated changes were not as great as those reported in similar studies with non-terpene producing plants. The results indicate that the high metabolic costs associated with the production and storage of constitutive defences may be responsible for the limited induction of further defensive responses
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Zabaras, Dimitrios. "Determination of induced changes in foliar emissions of terpene-accumulating plants." Thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/809.

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Stress-induced changes in the emissions of volatiles from many economically-important plants have been demonstrated in studies over the past decade. Plants such as cotton and corn change both the composition and concentration of their emissions when subjected to wounding, herbivory and pathogen attack. Terpene-accumulating plants have been overlooked as potential objects of such studies although work on conifers has shown that species rich in constitutive defences can also exhibit induced responses. The aim of this study was to investigate whether terpene-accumulating plants respond to stress by altering their foliar emissions qualitatively and/or quantitatively. Species examined included Salvia officinalis (common sage), Melaleuca alternifolia (Australian tea tree) and Ocimum minimum (Bush basil). An experimental design was developed to eliminate factors such as leaf ontogeny that can affect the obtained results and complicate their interpretation. Small-scale solvent extraction and HS-SPME-based techniques were also developed; they enabled the quantitative determination of treatment-induced changes over periods ranging from 10 minutes to 6 months. Treatment of plants included mechanical wounding, herbivory, pathogen attack and chemical elicitation. Overall, statistically significant induced-changes were observed for both leaf-oil composition and concentration. The response of the different species used varied. O. minimum exhibited the greatest compositional changes whilst M. alternifolia was the only species for which oil-concentration changes were observed. The demonstrated changes were not as great as those reported in similar studies with non-terpene producing plants. The results indicate that the high metabolic costs associated with the production and storage of constitutive defences may be responsible for the limited induction of further defensive responses
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Book chapters on the topic "Chemical elicitation"

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Gorelick, Jonathan, and Nirit Bernstein. "Chemical and Physical Elicitation for Enhanced Cannabinoid Production in Cannabis." In Cannabis sativa L. - Botany and Biotechnology, 439–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54564-6_21.

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Anckaert, Adrien, Anthony Arguelles Arias, Grégory Hoff, Maryline Calonne-Salmon, Stéphane Declerck, and Marc Ongena. "The use of Bacillus spp. as bacterial biocontrol agents to control plant diseases." In Microbial bioprotectants for plant disease management. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0093.10.

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Biocontrol agents (BCAs) based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria have recently been developed as alternatives to chemical pesticides. Among those beneficial bacteria, Bacillus spp. are one of the most promising BCAs. A wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites (BSMs) are involved in biocontrol via antibiosis to phytopathogens and/or via elicitation of systemic resistance in their host plants. This chapter illustrates the diversity of pathosystems in which BCA based on Bacillus spp. have proved effective. It describes the mechanisms underpinning this biocontrol activity via production of a wide range of enzymes, proteins and small-size BSMs. As these BSMs are clearly involved in pathogen control, we emphasise the importance of understanding the ecological factors influencing their production. In the last part of the chapter, we highlight the potential interactions between Bacillus spp. and other soil microorganisms in developing consortia of biocontrol agents combining species with synergistic activities for plant health improvement.
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M. Hassanein, Ahmed. "Application of Tissue Culture Techniques to Improve the Productivity of Medicinal Secondary Products from Medicinal Plants." In Plant Breeding - New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105193.

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The plant kingdom is considered the most important source of medicinal chemicals. In vitro culture techniques are being considered a promising alternative to traditional agricultural processes to improve medicinal plants multiplication and their production of pharmaceutical compounds. In this chapter, several in vitro culture strategies are discussed to improve secondary metabolites production, including (1) plant kingdom as a source of medicinal chemicals, (2) in vitro culture of medicinal plants, (3) culture media optimization, (4) application of suspension cell culture for production of secondary metabolites, (5) elicitation to enhance the productivity of the culture, (6) precursor intermediates feeding, (7) selection of high-yielding cell lines, (8) overexpression of genes that control the production of bioactive compounds, and (9) scale-up production. Also, challenges that hinder the in vitro culture of medicinal plants using different techniques and the use of those techniques to produce pharmaceutical compounds are discussed in this chapter, including (a) secondary metabolites toxicity, (b) low growth rate, (c) culture browning, (d) limitation in the application of transformation, (e) somaclonal variation, and (f) vitrification. Therefore, the principal objective of the current chapter was to shed light on the studies on some medicinal plants and the used protocols to overcome some difficulties in terms of in vitro propagation that maximize their economic values.
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Conference papers on the topic "Chemical elicitation"

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Gakuubi, MM, K. C. Ching, M. Munusamy, M. Wibowo, Z.-X. Liang, Y. Kanagasundaram, and S. B. Ng. "Discovery of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophytes Using Chemical Elicitation and Variation of Fermentation Media." In GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759003.

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Cooke, Roger, and Margaret MacDonell. "Risk Newsboy: Approach for Addressing Uncertainty in Developing Action Levels and Cleanup Limits." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7324.

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Site cleanup decisions involve developing action levels and residual limits for key contaminants, to assure health protection during the cleanup period and into the long term. Uncertainty is inherent in the toxicity information used to define these levels, based on incomplete scientific knowledge regarding dose-response relationships across various hazards and exposures at environmentally relevant levels. This problem can be addressed by applying principles used to manage uncertainty in operations research, as illustrated by the newsboy dilemma. Each day a newsboy must balance the risk of buying more papers than he can sell against the risk of not buying enough. Setting action levels and cleanup limits involves a similar concept of balancing and distributing risks and benefits in the face of uncertainty. The newsboy approach can be applied to develop health-based target concentrations for both radiological and chemical contaminants, with stakeholder input being crucial to assessing “regret” levels. Associated tools include structured expert judgment elicitation to quantify uncertainty in the dose-response relationship, and mathematical techniques such as probabilistic inversion and iterative proportional fitting.
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