Academic literature on the topic 'Charleville-Mézières (Ardennes)'

AbstractObjectiveVanishing viral RNA restricts our ability to detect ancient pathogens, so, we used paleo serological approaches to trace the dynamics of the Coronavirus in ancient populations.Materials and MethodsWe investigated 10 ancient dental calculus samples collected from a cemetery dated to the beginning of the 19th century and excavated in Charleville‐Mézières. After paleoserum samples were extracted from dental calculus, paleoserology using mini‐line‐blot incorporating one alpha‐Coronavirus (Coronavirus 229 E) and two beta‐Coronavirus (Coronavirus OC 43, SARS‐CoV‐2) antigens and controls was completed by an automated Western blotting assay.ResultsOnce appropriate controls had validated the data, mini‐line‐blot detected antibodies against the two beta‐Coronavirus antigens in individuals US1300 and US1339, automated Western blotting confirming one beta‐Coronavirus antigen for individual US1300 and an additional individual US1326.DiscussionCombing mini‐line blot and automated Western blot assays made it possible to detect immunoreactive immunoglobulin tracing circulation of Coronavirus in France at the very beginning of the 19th century.

Mettre en évidence l’existence de cultures familiales est le but de cette thèse : les cultures familiales peuvent être définies des pratiques sociales répétées sur plusieurs générations, spécifiques à une famille et révélant un ensemble de valeurs, voire une identité, transmis de parent à enfant. Le terrain d’observation est celui de la population à Charleville, petite ville du nord-est de la France, entre 1740 et 1890, et plus précisément un échantillon de 215 familles reconstruites sur au moins deux générations dans leur descendance masculine comme féminine. La famille est ici comprise comme un ensemble plus vaste que la famille nucléaire, composée du père, de la mère et des enfants : elle comprend également les oncles et tantes ainsi que les cousins. Cet échantillon de population est représentatif de toutes les franges de la société car la sélection a été faite à partir de la première lettre du patronyme de l’époux (B, G, M, N, P, R, et T). Les sources principales utilisées sont les registres paroissiaux et les actes d’état civil, en particulier les actes de mariage. Les indicateurs à partir desquels nous analysons les cultures familiales sont la capacité de signer des conjoints, la transmission de prénoms familiaux, le choix de cousins comme témoins de mariage, l’âge au premier mariage des femmes, les naissances illégitimes ainsi que les mariages entre parents consanguins ou affins (entre le 1er et le 4e degré). Cette méthode révèle des pratiques familiales transgénérationnelles qui varient au sein d’un même milieu économique et social, ce qui permet de rendre compte de l’importance de la notion de culture familiale pour comprendre l’histoire sociale
The main of this thesis is to bring out the existence of family cultures. Family cultures can be defined as social practices repeated over several generations, specific to a family and revealing a set of values, even an identity, transmitted from parent to child. The field of observation is the population in Charleville, a small town in northeastern France, between 1740 and 1890, and more precisely a sample of 215 families reconstructed over at least two generations, by their male and female descendance. The family is understood here as a whole larger than the nuclear family, made up of the father, the mother and the children: it also includes the uncles and aunts as well as the cousins. This population sample is representative of all segments of society because the selection was made from the first letter of the husband's surname (B, G, M, N, P, R, and T). The main sources used are parish registers and civil status documents, in particular marriage certificates. The indicators from which we analyse family cultures are the ability of spouses to sign, the transmission of family first names, the choice of cousins as marriage witnesses, the age at first marriage of women, illegitimate births as well as marriages between consanguineous or related parents (between the 1st and 4th degree). This method reveals transgenerational family practices that vary within the same economic and social environment, which makes it possible to account for the importance of the importance of the notion of family culture in understanding social history