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Journal articles on the topic 'Charities – Great Britain – History'

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1

Lagneau-Ymonet, Paul, and Bénédicte Reynaud. "The making of a category of economic understanding in Great Britain (1880–1931): ‘the unemployed’." Cambridge Journal of Economics 44, no. 6 (July 13, 2020): 1181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/beaa018.

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Abstract Evidence-based policy relies on measurement to trigger actions and to manage and evaluate programmes. Yet measurement requires classification: the making of categories of understanding that approximate or represent collective phenomena. In 1931, two decades after implementing the first compulsory unemployment benefits in 1911, the British Government began to carry out a census of out-of-work individuals. Why such an inversion, at odds with the exercise of rational-legal authority, and unlike to its French or German counterparts? To solve this puzzle, we document the making of ‘the unemployed’ as a category of scientific analysis and of public policy in nineteenth-century Great Britain. Our circumscribed contribution to the history of economic thought and methodology informs today’s controversies on the future of work, the weakening of wage labour through the rise in the number of part-time contracts and self-employed workers, as well as the rivalry between the welfare state and private charities with regard to providing impoverished people with some kind of relief.
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2

Trevor-Roper, Hugh. "Pietro Giannone and Great Britain." Historical Journal 39, no. 3 (September 1996): 657–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00024481.

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ABSTRACTPietro Giannone was a revolutionary thinker who sought in the early decades of the eighteenth century to free Italy from the inveterate, legally entrenched feudal power of the church and then to free Christianity itself from the stifling and corrupting embrace of the political church. This essay tells the improbable story of how his writings were taken up and disseminated in Britain by the non-juring bishop and antiquary Richard Rawlinson, the learned but morally unsound Scottish journalist Archibald Bower, and an odd crew of Jacobites. It is shown that the translations of Giannone got into some very influential hands and represent part of an undervalued Jacobite contribution to the origins of the Scottish Enlightenment and to the thought of Edward Gibbon.
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3

Stewart Weaver. "Great Britain and the World." Reviews in American History 37, no. 3 (2009): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.0.0112.

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4

Richards, Stephen. "The SS Great Britain (review)." Technology and Culture 49, no. 1 (2007): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2008.0017.

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5

Mitton, D., and R. Ackroyd. "History of photodynamic therapy in Great Britain." Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2, no. 4 (December 2005): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-1000(05)00111-0.

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6

Fisher, Patty. "History of School Meals in Great Britain." Nutrition and Health 4, no. 4 (January 1987): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010608700400402.

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This paper describes the early origins of the school meals service, their rapid growth in the second world war, their post war development and their recent retrenchment. The factors contributing to their early success and the problems to be overcome are discussed.
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7

Lowry, Bullitt, and J. M. Bourne. "Britain and the Great War, 1914-1918." Journal of Military History 55, no. 1 (January 1991): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1986146.

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8

Goldstein, Erik. "Great Britain and Greater Greece 1917–1920." Historical Journal 32, no. 2 (June 1989): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00012188.

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The First World War saw the collapse of the old order in the Eastern Mediterranean with the disintegration of the Ottoman empire, an event which threatened to create a dangerous power vacuum. Great Britain for the pastcentury had attempted to prevent just such a crisis by supporting the maintenance of the territorial integrity of the Ottoman state. Britain had a number of crucial strategic concerns in the Eastern Mediterranean, in particular the Suez Canal and the Straits. The former was the more critical interest and Britain was determined to keep this essential link to its Indian empire firmly under its own control. As to the Straits Britain, which was concerned about over-extending its strategic capabilities, was content to see this critical waterway dominated by a friendly state. The question inevitably arose therefore as to what would replace the Ottoman empire. One alternative was Greece, a possibility which became increasingly attractive with the emergence of the supposedly pro-British Eleftherios Venizelos as the Greek leader in early 1917.
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9

Wallace, Ian. "GDR Studies in Great Britain." East Central Europe 14, no. 1 (1987): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633087x00025.

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10

Pichkov, O. B. "HISTORY OF POVERTY REDUCTION INITIATIVES IN GREAT BRITAIN." RUDN Journal of Economics 25, no. 2 (2017): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2017-25-2-199-208.

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11

Costu, Mehmet Davut. "Little Turkey in Great Britain." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 46, no. 1 (September 23, 2018): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2018.1507434.

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12

Kiernan, Kathleen E. "Transitions in Young Adulthood in Great Britain." Population Studies 45, no. 1 (March 1991): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000145916.

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13

Cronin, James E., and Charles Tilly. "Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1758-1834." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 28, no. 1 (1997): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206176.

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14

Buick, A. "The Socialist Party of Great Britain Centenary." History Workshop Journal 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbi029.

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15

Carr, W. "Exile in Great Britain. Refugees from Hitler's Germany." German History 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/2.1.67.

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16

Dunkley, Peter, and Charles Tilly. "Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1758-1834." American Historical Review 102, no. 3 (June 1997): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2171560.

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17

van Roon, Ger. "Great Britain and the Oslo States." Journal of Contemporary History 24, no. 4 (October 1989): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002200948902400405.

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18

Martill, David M. "The early history of pterosaur discovery in Great Britain." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 343, no. 1 (2010): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp343.18.

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19

Eisner, H. S. "A history of mine safety research in Great Britain." Journal of Occupational Accidents 9, no. 2 (August 1987): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(87)90032-0.

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20

Tilly, Charles. "Contentious Repertoires in Great Britain, 1758-1834." Social Science History 17, no. 2 (1993): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1171282.

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21

Morris, R. J., and Charles Tilly. "Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1758-1834." Economic History Review 49, no. 4 (November 1996): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2597985.

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22

Williamson, Philip, Kathleen Burk, and Alec Cairncross. "'Goodbye, Great Britain': The 1976 IMF Crisis." Economic History Review 46, no. 3 (August 1993): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2598384.

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23

Tilly, Charles. "Contentious Repertoires in Great Britain, 1758–1834." Social Science History 17, no. 2 (1993): 253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200016849.

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A quick comparison of characteristic British struggles in 1758 and 1833 will show how greatly the predominant forms of popular collective action changed during the intervening 75 years. That change sets a research problem that I have been pursuing for many years: documenting, and trying to explain, changes in the ways that people act together in pursuit of shared interests—changes in repertoires of collective action. This interim report has two complementary objectives: first, to situate the evolving concept of repertoire in my own work and in recent studies of collective action; second, to illustrate its applications to the experience of Great Britain from the 1750s to the 1830s. It will do no more than hint, however, at explanations of the changes it documents.
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24

Hoffman, Philip T. "The Great Divergence: Why Britain Industrialised First." Australian Economic History Review 60, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aehr.12192.

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25

Boyer, George R. "The Evolution of Unemployment Relief in Great Britain." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 3 (January 2004): 393–433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219504771997908.

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The history of unemployment relief in Britain from 1834 to 1911 was not a “unilinear progression in collective benevolence,” culminating in unemployment insurance. The combination of poor relief and private charity to assist cyclically unemployed workers from 1834 to 1870 was more generous, and more certain, than the relief provided for the unemployed under the various policies adopted from 1870 to 1911. A major shift in policy occurred in the 1870s, largely in response to the crisis of the Poor Law in the 1860s. Because the new policy—a combination of self-help and charity—proved unable to cope with the high unemployment of cyclical downturns, Parliament in 1911 bowed to political pressure for a national system of relief by adopting the world's first compulsory system of unemployment insurance.
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26

Lloyd, Sarah. "Pleasing Spectacles and Elegant Dinners: Conviviality, Benevolence, and Charity Anniversaries in Eighteenth-Century London." Journal of British Studies 41, no. 1 (January 2002): 23–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386253.

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As the number and interests of charitable institutions expanded throughout Britain during the eighteenth century, so special fund-raising events, anniversary celebrations, and meetings multiplied. During 1775, for example, the major metropolitan charities and a plethora of minor benevolent societies courted middle- and upper-class Londoners with invitations to concerts and exhibitions. Men could support various hospitals and other good causes by dining in taverns and City Livery Halls in company with civic and ecclesiastical dignitaries, even noble and royal dukes. Both men and women might attend charities' anniversary services, ornamented with special music and a sermon, choosing among dispensaries, hospitals, lying-in charities, religious societies, and various efforts to reform and reclaim the poor for public benefit. On Sundays, armed with tickets, special prayer books, and even keys to their rented pews, women and men might attend the chapel of a philanthropic institution. Alternatively, they could listen to a fund-raising sermon and watch charity-school children arrayed in the gallery of a parish church. Toward the end of the year, they might pay half a guinea each to hear Handel's Messiah in the Foundling Hospital Chapel or go to Covent Garden and Drury Lane to watch tragedies and farces. Charitable activity thus extended beyond churches, alms, and sermons into the theater. It spilled onto the streets as gentlemen processed to dinner; it accompanied art and music. Conversely, waves of fashion drove visitors to one philanthropic institution or another to see deserving recipients, hear a particularly popular preacher, or to be observed themselves.
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27

Turner, Ian. "Great Britain and the Post-War German Currency Reform." Historical Journal 30, no. 3 (September 1987): 685–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x0002094x.

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British policy towards Germany during the period of occupation aimed at preventing a resurgence of German military might in the future, whilst ensuring stable economic conditions in the short term. By mid 1946, however, the scale of the economic problems confronting the occupying powers in Germany had already manifested itself in the reduction of food rations and the consequent falling off in the output of Ruhr coal. The fragile economy was to suffer an even greater setback during the cruel winter of 1946/7. The immediate restoration of economic activity became imperative, not least because the dollar cost of sustaining the British Zone with imported grain weighed heavily on the British exchequer.
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28

Lucas, Colin. "Great Britain and the Union of Norway and Sweden." Scandinavian Journal of History 15, no. 3-4 (January 1990): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468759008579204.

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29

Schmidt, Gustav. "Great Britain and Germany in the Age of Imperialism." War & Society 4, no. 1 (May 1986): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/106980486790303907.

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30

Cox, Jeffrey. "Provincializing Christendom: The Case of Great Britain." Church History 75, no. 1 (March 2006): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640700088351.

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31

Osborne, John Morton, R. J. Q. Adams, and Philip P. Poirier. "The Conscription Controversy in Great Britain, 1900-18." American Historical Review 94, no. 1 (February 1989): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1862139.

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32

Altholz, Josef L., and John Wolffe. "The Protestant Crusade in Great Britain, 1829-1860." American Historical Review 98, no. 2 (April 1993): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2166883.

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33

Murphy, M. J. "Differential family formation in Great Britain." Journal of Biosocial Science 19, no. 4 (October 1987): 463–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017107.

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SummaryDifferentials in variables concerned with the timing, number, and distribution of fertility by a wide range of socioeconomic, attitudinal, inherited and housing characteristics from the British Family Formation Survey are reported. Variables associated with the couple's housing history and the wife's employment career are becoming more strongly associated with demographic differentials among younger cohorts than traditionally-based ones such as religion or region of residence. Cluster analysis techniques show which groups of family formation variables are strongly associated with particular types of non-demographic ones, and a natural grouping of explanatory variables is derived. The implications of these conclusions for data collection in demographic surveys are discussed.
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34

Field, Jessica. "Serving ‘the Cause’: Cecil Jackson-Cole and the professionalization of charity in post-war Britain*." Historical Research 93, no. 260 (April 1, 2020): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaa008.

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Abstract This article explores the relationship between faith, business and charity in mid to late twentieth-century Britain by examining the work of Cecil Jackson-Cole, co-founder of Oxfam, founder of Help the Aged, ActionAid and many other charities. Jackson-Cole’s approach to ‘building-up’ a charity accelerated the ongoing professionalization of the sector. This did not, however, represent a complete break from the Christian charity ethos of the past. By examining Jackson-Cole’s faith and its influence on his charity business network and practices, it is possible to see an enduring symbiotic relationship between faith and professionalization in organized charity across the twentieth century.
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35

Dawson, Sandra Trudgen. "Refugee Children and the Emotional Cost of Internationalism in Interwar Britain." Journal of British Studies 60, no. 1 (January 2021): 115–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2020.189.

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AbstractThis article explores the complexity surrounding the politics and emotions of internationalism and humanitarian work in interwar Britain by using as a lens the public and official responses to assisting “refugee children.” Analysis of British responses to refugee emergencies after the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, and the Nazi persecution of Jews and other minorities suggests that attitudes shifted dramatically between the arrival of Basque child refugees in May 1937 and the Kindertransports in late 1938. Charities and refugee committees, many of them faith-based, had to negotiate the spaces between nation, ideology, and emotion to successfully raise funds for refugees. All appeals were to “save” children, and yet the responses and the amounts raised were vastly different. Campaigns to support almost four thousand Basque children proved politically polarizing and bureaucratic. In contrast, the immediate and widespread response to fund-raising to bring ten thousand children to Britain in 1938 suggests that a significant change in attitudes and fund-raising practices had taken place in a short time. Unlike the political divisions that hampered support for the Basque children, Britons from all walks of life appeared by 1938 to embrace the emotional and financial cost of internationalism in a way they had not only a year before.
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36

Zaba, Zofia, and Basia Zaba. "The Formation of the Polish Community in Great Britain." Population Studies 45, no. 2 (July 1, 1991): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000145586.

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37

Safford, Jeffrey J., and Lawrence Spinelli. "Dry Diplomacy: The United States, Great Britain, and Prohibition." Journal of American History 76, no. 4 (March 1990): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2936685.

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38

Thorpe, Andrew, Noreen Branson, and Phil Cohen. "History of the Communist Party of Great Britain, 1941-1951." Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 31, no. 2 (1999): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4052801.

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39

Larkin, Steve. "THE ABBE PREVOST AND DAVID HUME'S HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN." Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 3, no. 3 (October 1, 2008): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-0208.1980.tb00591.x.

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40

Samusieva, K. V. "THE CONCEPT OF DEVOLUTION IN THE HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 4 (2021): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2021-4/33.

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41

Webster, Tom. "Connolly (ed.), Kingdoms United? Great Britain and Ireland since 1500." Scottish Historical Review 80, no. 1 (April 2001): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2001.80.1.126.

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42

Prados, John, and Robert K. Massie. "Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War." Journal of Military History 56, no. 3 (July 1992): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1985985.

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43

Rentola, Kimmo. "Great Britain and the Soviet Threat in Finland, 1944–1951." Scandinavian Journal of History 37, no. 2 (May 2012): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2012.668008.

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44

Harrison, D. "The Gough Map: The Earliest Road Map of Great Britain?" English Historical Review CXXIV, no. 508 (May 22, 2009): 689–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cep139.

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45

Storer, Colin. "Oil and the Great Powers: Britain and Germany, 1914-1945." German History 37, no. 4 (October 9, 2019): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghz084.

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46

WADDINGTON, G. T. "Hassgegner: German Views of Great Britain in the Later 1930s." History 81, no. 261 (January 1996): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.1996.tb01684.x.

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47

Stamm-Kuhlmann, T. "Book Review: Reform in Great Britain and Germany 1750-1850." German History 20, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635540202000212.

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48

Crombie, Alistair C. "Alexandre Koyré and Great Britain: Galileo and Mersenne." History and Technology 4, no. 1-4 (October 1987): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07341518708581691.

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49

Ambrosius, Lloyd E., and Lawrence Spinelli. "Dry Diplomacy: The United States, Great Britain, and Prohibition." American Historical Review 95, no. 3 (June 1990): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2164300.

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50

Poling, Frederick, Frank W. Thakeray, and John E. Findling. "Events That Changed Great Britain from 1066 to 1714." Sixteenth Century Journal 36, no. 3 (October 1, 2005): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477537.

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