Journal articles: 'Charged particle radiation'

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DeLaney, Thomas F. "Charged Issues: Particle Radiation Therapy." Seminars in Radiation Oncology 28, no. 2 (April 2018): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2017.12.001.

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Кудрявцев, Д. И., Г. Ф. Копытов, and А. Е. Суханов. "Спектрально-угловые характеристики излучения заряженной частицы в поле Редмонда." Оптика и спектроскопия 130, no. 11 (2022): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2022.11.53773.3774-22.

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Based on the solution of the equation of motion of a charge in an electromagnetic field, the classical theory of radiation of a relativistic charged particle linearly accelerated by a high-intensity laser pulse in the presence of a static component of the magnetic field is constructed. Solutions obtained by Kopytov G.F. and Pogorelov A.V., were used to study the spectral-angular characteristics of the radiation of a charged particle in a combination of the field of a plane monochromatic electromagnetic wave and a constant magnetic field, the so-called Redmond field. According to the calculated formulas for the radiation intensity of particles in the Redmond field, graphs of the dependence on the magnitude of the magnetic field, phase and phase-angular distributions are plotted. The Fourier transform of the intensity of the electric field of the radiation and the spectral density of the radiation of the particle in the case of linear polarization of the wave is obtained.

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Bolshakova, I. "Ways of improving radiation resistance of magnetic sensors for charged particle accelerators." Functional materials 20, no. 3 (September 25, 2013): 397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm20.03.397.

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Grøn, Øyvind. "Electrodynamics of Radiating Charges." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2012 (2012): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/528631.

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The theory of electrodynamics of radiating charges is reviewed with special emphasis on the role of the Schott energy for the conservation of energy for a charge and its electromagnetic field. It is made clear that the existence of radiation from a charge is not invariant against a transformation between two reference frames that has an accelerated motion relative to each other. The questions whether the existence of radiation from a uniformly accelerated charge with vanishing radiation reaction force is in conflict with the principle of equivalence and whether a freely falling charge radiates are reviewed. It is shown that the resolution of an electromagnetic “perpetuum mobile paradox” associated with a charge moving geodetically along a circular path in the Schwarzschild spacetime requires the so-called tail terms in the equation of motion of a charged particle.

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Coutrakon, George B. "Accelerators for Heavy-charged-particle Radiation Therapy." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 6, no. 4_suppl (August 2007): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330346070060s408.

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This paper focuses on current and future designs of medical hadron accelerators for treating cancers and other diseases. Presently, five vendors and several national laboratories have produced heavy-particle medical accelerators for accelerating nuclei from hydrogen (protons) up through carbon and oxygen. Particle energies are varied to control the beam penetration depth in the patient. As of the end of 2006, four hospitals and one clinic in the United States offer proton treatments; there are five more such facilities in Japan. In most cases, these facilities use accelerators designed explicitly for cancer treatments. The accelerator types are a combination of synchrotrons, cyclotrons, and linear accelerators; some carry advanced features such as respiration gating, intensity modulation, and rapid energy changes, which contribute to better dose conformity on the tumor when using heavy charged particles. Recent interest in carbon nuclei for cancer treatment has led some vendors to offer carbon-ion and proton capability in their accelerator systems, so that either ion can be used. These features are now being incorporated for medical accelerators in new facilities.

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Tamburini, Fabrizio, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, and Ignazio Licata. "Radiation from charged particles due to explicit symmetry breaking in a gravitational field." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 15, no. 07 (May 24, 2018): 1850122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887818501220.

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The paradox of a free falling radiating charged particle in a gravitational field is a well-known fascinating conceptual challenge that involves classical electrodynamics and general relativity (GR). We discuss this paradox considering the emission of radiation as a consequence of an explicit space/time symmetry breaking involving the electric field within the trajectory of the particle seen from an external observer. This occurs in certain particular cases when the relative motion of the charged particle does not follow a geodesic of the motion dictated by the explicit Lagrangian formulation of the problem and thus from the metric of spacetime. The problem is equivalent to the breaking of symmetry within the spatial configuration of a radiating system like an antenna: when the current is not conserved at a certain instant of time within a closed region, then emission of radiation occurs [D. Sinha and G. A. J. Amaratunga, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114(7) (2015) 147701]. Radiation from a system of charges is possible only when there is explicit breaking of symmetry in the electric field in space and time.

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Bingham, R. "Particle acceleration by electromagnetic waves." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1871 (January 24, 2008): 1749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2183.

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We consider the symmetry in the interaction of photons and electrons, which has led to a common description of electron and photon accelerations; effects such as photon Landau damping arise naturally from such a treatment. Intense electromagnetic waves can act as a photon mirror to charged particles. The subsequent acceleration is equivalent to the photon pulse accelerating electrons. During the interaction or reflection process, the charged particle can emit bursts of radiation similar to the radiation emitted from the particles during wave breaking of plasma waves.

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Bradley, D. A. "Detection of charged-particle ionising radiation." European Journal of Physics 9, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/9/2/008.

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Grichine, V. M. "Radiation of multiple-scattered charged particle." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 563, no. 2 (July 2006): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.02.152.

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Gould, Robert J. "Multipole radiation in charged-particle scattering." Astrophysical Journal 362 (October 1990): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/169265.

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Gratus, Jonathan. "Maxwell–Lorentz without self-interactions: conservation of energy and momentum." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 55, no. 6 (January 21, 2022): 065202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ac48ee.

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Abstract Since a classical charged point particle radiates energy and momentum it is argued that there must be a radiation reaction force. Here we present an action for the Maxwell–Lorentz without self-interactions model, where each particle only responds to the fields of the other charged particles. The corresponding stress–energy tensor automatically conserves energy and momentum in Minkowski and other appropriate spacetimes. Hence there is no need for any radiation reaction.

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BAGROV, V. G., D. M. GITMAN, and V. B. TLYACHEV. "L-DEPENDENCE OF PARTICLE RADIATION IN MAGNETIC-SOLENOID FIELD AS AHARONOV-BOHM EFFECT." International Journal of Modern Physics A 17, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2002): 1045–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x02010480.

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Aharonov-Bohm solenoid changes the energy spectrum of charge particles in pure magnetic field. In particular, the degeneracy with respect to azimuthal quantum number l is partially lifted. In turn, this complicates the radiation spectrum of a charged particle in magnetic field in the presence of the solenoid (Aharonov-Bohm effect). In particular, the degeneracy of the radiation intensity with respect to the azimuthal quantum number is lifted completely. In the present work we study l-dependence (induced by Aharonov-Bohm solenoid) of synchrotron radiation intensity in semiclassical approximation.

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Turimov, Bobur. "Magnetized Black Hole as an Accelerator of Charged Particle." Physical Sciences Forum 2, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecu2021-09303.

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Astrophysical accretion processes near the black hole candidates, such as active galactic nuclei (AGN), X-ray binary (XRB), and other astrophysical sources, are associated with high-energetic emission of radiation of relativistic particles and outflows (winds or jets). It is widely believed that the magnetic field plays a very important role to explain such high energetic processes in the vicinity of those astrophysical sources. In the present research note, we propose that the black hole is embedded in an asymptotically uniform magnetic field. We investigate the dynamic motion of charged particles in the vicinity of a weakly magnetized black hole. We show that, in the presence of the magnetic field, the radius of the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCO) for a charged particle is located close to the black hole’s horizon. The fundamental frequencies, such as Keplerian and epicyclic frequencies of the charged particle are split into two parts due to the magnetic field, as an analog of the Zeeman effect. The orbital velocity of the charged particle measured by a local observer has been computed in the presence of the external magnetic field. We also present an analytical expression for the four-acceleration of the charged particle orbiting around black holes. Finally, we determine the intensity of the radiating charged accelerating relativistic particle orbiting around the magnetized black hole.

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MORADI, SHAHPOOR. "PARTICLE PRODUCTION IN COSMOLOGICAL SPACETIMES WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS." Modern Physics Letters A 24, no. 14 (May 10, 2009): 1129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732309028801.

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We calculate the charged scalar particle creation in the presence of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in two models of spatially flat Robertson–Walker spacetimes: de Sitter space and asymptotically radiation dominated model. We used the Bogoliubov transformation to compute the rate of production of the particles. Possibility of creation of massless charged particles is also discussed.

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Kryvdyk, Volodymyr. "Radiation Bursts from a Presupernova Collapsar." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 192 (2005): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100009210.

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SummaryThe radiation from the magnetic presupernova star is calculated. This radiation will generate when the magnetosphere of presupernova star compresses during collapse and its magnetic field increases considerably. The variable magnetic field will accelerate the charged particle, which generate radiation when moving in the magnetic field. The particles dynamics and their non-thermal emission in the magnetospheres of presupernova collapsing star with initial dipole magnetic fields and a certain initial energy distribution of charged particles in a magnetosphere are considered. The radiation flux depend on the distance to the star, its magnetic field, and the particle spectrum in the magnetosphere. This flux can be observed by means of modern instruments in broad band (from radio waves to gamma rays). The radiation flux grows with decreasing stellar radius and frequency and can be observed in the form of radiation bursts with duration equal to the stellar collapse time.

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Unnikrishnan, C. S., and George T. Gillies. "Some remarks on an old problem of radiation and gravity." International Journal of Modern Physics D 23, no. 12 (October 2014): 1442008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271814420085.

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The assumed universality of the equivalence principle suggests that a particle in a gravitational field has identical physics to one in an accelerated frame. Yet, energy considerations prohibit radiation from a static particle in a gravitational field while the accelerating counterpart emits. Solutions to the fundamental problems of radiation from charges in a gravitational field and consequences to the equivalence principle usually contrast the far-field and global nature of radiation with the local validity of the equivalence principle. Here, we suggest reliable physical solutions that recognizes the essential need for motional currents and the magnetic component for radiation to occur. Our discussion reiterates the need for a fresh careful look at universality of free fall (UFF) for charged particles in a gravitational field.

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Gupta, Abhinav, and T. Padmanabhan. "Radiation from a charged particle and radiation reaction reexamined." Physical Review D 57, no. 12 (June 15, 1998): 7241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.57.7241.

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Kazinski, P. O., and A. A. Sharapov. "Radiation reaction for a massless charged particle." Classical and Quantum Gravity 20, no. 13 (June 6, 2003): 2715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/20/13/319.

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Aleksandrov, P. A., S. S. Fanchenko, and E. V. Efimenko. "Estimation of the influence of irradiation to heavy charged particles on the operation of a MOSFET." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 24, no. 1 (February 22, 2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.24.19-26.

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A technique for evaluating the fault tolerance of an operating semiconductor device to the influence of heavy charged particles (HCP) of galactic origin is considered. The analysis of the influence of ionizing radiation on the electronic device is carried out. The physical processes due to heavy charged particle impact are considered, using well known model of an averaged charge funnel. The carriers generated by the ion track create a current resulting in unwanted effects in external circuits. Single charged particles could be regarded as the microcircuit greatest danger. In order to evaluate the susceptibility of a microcircuit to single events, a rather simple analytical expression for charge collection and a simplified expression for the thickness of the sensitive volume are used. Parameters for two test models (charge carrier density, sensitive volume thickness and charge collection time) are estimated. Calculations have shown, that the local charge carriers density deviation of the order of 1022 cm-3, comparable to the atomic concentration, could be achieved. When an ionizing particle hits the microcircuit, a jump in the current pulse occurs. For an accurate electrical response simulation due to particle propagation the double exponential waveform is used. Charge collection due to drift happens for fractions of a nanosecond, and due to ambipolar diffusion — for nanoseconds The paper presents the results on voltage surges due to HCP impact with the microcircuits. Analysis of chips produced by two different technologies (0.5 /μm and 65 nm) showed higher failure probabilities for an integrated device with the smaller dimensions. As noted earlier, the geometric dimensions of the microcircuit play an important role in the radiation resistance of the system. Also theoretical failure probability predictions are presented for several microcircuits. The proposed approach allows one to give rather quick fault tolerance estimation of a semiconductor device.

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Aleksandrin, S. Yu, A. M. Galper, L. A. Grishantzeva, S. V. Koldashov, L. V. Maslennikov, A. M. Murashov, P. Picozza, V. Sgrigna, and S. A. Voronov. "High-energy charged particle bursts in the near-Earth space as earthquake precursors." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 2 (February 28, 2003): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-597-2003.

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Abstract. The experimental data on high-energy charged particle fluxes, obtained in various near-Earth space experiments (MIR orbital station, METEOR-3, GAMMA and SAMPEX satellites) were processed and analyzed with the goal to search for particle bursts. Particle bursts have been selected in every experiment considered. It was shown that the significant part of high-energy charged particle bursts correlates with seismic activity. Moreover, the particle bursts are observed several hours before strong earthquakes; L-shells of particle bursts and corresponding earthquakes are practically the same. Some features of a seismo-magnetosphere connection model, based on the interaction of electromagnetic emission of seismic origin and radiation belt particles, were considered. Key words. Ionospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; energetic particles, precipitating; magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions)

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Blakely, Eleanor A. "The 20th Gray lecture 2019: health and heavy ions." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1115 (November 1, 2020): 20200172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20200172.

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Objective Particle radiobiology has contributed new understanding of radiation safety and underlying mechanisms of action to radiation oncology for the treatment of cancer, and to planning of radiation protection for space travel. This manuscript will highlight the significance of precise physical and biologically effective dosimetry to this translational research for the benefit of human health. This review provides a brief snapshot of the evolving scientific basis for, and the complex current global status, and remaining challenges of hadron therapy for the treatment of cancer. The need for particle radiobiology for risk planning in return missions to the Moon, and exploratory deep-space missions to Mars and beyond are also discussed. Methods Key lessons learned are summarized from an impressive collective literature published by an international cadre of multidisciplinary experts in particle physics, radiation chemistry, medical physics of imaging and treatment planning, molecular, cellular, tissue radiobiology, biology of microgravity and other stressors, theoretical modeling of biophysical data, and clinical results with accelerator-produced particle beams. Results Research pioneers, many of whom were Nobel laureates, led the world in the discovery of ionizing radiations originating from the Earth and the Cosmos. Six radiation pioneers led the way to hadron therapy and the study of charged particles encountered in outer space travel. Worldwide about 250,000 patients have been treated for cancer, or other lesions such as arteriovenous malformations in the brain between 1954 and 2019 with charged particle radiotherapy, also known as hadron therapy. The majority of these patients (213,000) were treated with proton beams, but approximately 32,000 were treated with carbon ion radiotherapy. There are 3500 patients who have been treated with helium, pions, neon or other ions. There are currently 82 facilities operating to provide ion beam clinical treatments. Of these, only 13 facilities located in Asia and Europe are providing carbon ion beams for preclinical, clinical, and space research. There are also numerous particle physics accelerators worldwide capable of producing ion beams for research, but not currently focused on treating patients with ion beam therapy but are potentially available for preclinical and space research. Approximately, more than 550 individuals have traveled into Lower Earth Orbit (LEO) and beyond and returned to Earth. Conclusion Charged particle therapy with controlled beams of protons and carbon ions have significantly impacted targeted cancer therapy, eradicated tumors while sparing normal tissue toxicities, and reduced human suffering. These modalities still require further optimization and technical refinements to reduce cost but should be made available to everyone in need worldwide. The exploration of our Universe in space travel poses the potential risk of exposure to uncontrolled charged particles. However, approaches to shield and provide countermeasures to these potential radiation hazards in LEO have allowed an amazing number of discoveries currently without significant life-threatening medical consequences. More basic research with components of the Galactic Cosmic Radiation field are still required to assure safety involving space radiations and combined stressors with microgravity for exploratory deep space travel. Advances in knowledge The collective knowledge garnered from the wealth of available published evidence obtained prior to particle radiation therapy, or to space flight, and the additional data gleaned from implementing both endeavors has provided many opportunities for heavy ions to promote human health.

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Gevorkian, Zh S., V. V. Hambaryan, and A. A. Akopian. "Diffusion Mechanism of Radiation of a Charged Particle on the Randomly Spaced Dust Grains in the X-Rays." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 194 (1999): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900162199.

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The theory of diffusion radiation of a charged particle on the fluctuations of the dielectric constant developed by Gevorkian can be explained as follows:A charge moving in a medium creates an electromagnetic field (pseudophoton) which is scattered on the fluctuations of the dielectric constant (here, dust particles) and converted into radiation. In the wavelength region (l « λ « L) (l is the mean free path of the photon in the medium, L is the characteristic size of the system) the main mechanism of the radiation is the diffusion of the pseudophoton (Gevorkian & Atayan 1990, Gevorkian 1992, Gevorkian 1993).

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Timotijevic, Ljubinko, Milos Vujisic, and Koviljka Stankovic. "Simulation of radiation effects in ultra-thin insulating layers." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 28, no. 3 (2013): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1303308t.

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The Monte Carlo simulations of charged particle transport are used to investigate the effects of exposing ultra-thin layers of insulators (commonly used in integrated circuits) to beams of protons, alpha particles and heavy ions. Materials considered include silicon dioxide, aluminum nitride, alumina, and polycarbonate - lexan. The parameters that have been varied in simulations include the energy of incident charged particles and insulating layer thickness. Materials are compared according to both ionizing and non-ionizing effects produced by the passage of radiation.

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TAGIEVA, SEVINÇ O., AKIN ANKAY, and ARZU MERT ANKAY. "MAGNETOSPHERIC PARTICLE ACCELERATION AND X-RAY EMISSION OF PULSARS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 17, no. 12 (November 2008): 2337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827180801390x.

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In this paper, we analyze the available data on isolated X-ray pulsars, their wind nebulae, and the supernova remnants that are connected to some of these sources. It is shown that the electric fields of neutron stars tear off charged particles from the surface of the neutron star and trigger the acceleration of particles. The charged particles are accelerated mainly in the field of a magneto-dipole radiation wave. The power and energy spectra of the charged particles depend on the strength of the magneto-dipole radiation. Therefore, the X-ray radiation is strongly dependent on the rate of rotational energy loss and weakly dependent on the electric field intensity. Coulombic interaction between the charged particles is the main factor for the energy loss and the X-ray spectra of the charged particles.

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Kryvdyk, V. "Particle Acceleration and Radiation in Magnetospheres of Collapsing Stars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 195 (2000): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900163296.

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Particle dynamics and nonthermal emission therefrom in the magnetospheres of collapsing stars with initial dipole magnetic fields and a certain initial energy distribution of charged particles (power-law, relativistic Maxwell, and Boltzmann distributions) are considered. The radiation fluxes are calculated for various collapsing stars with initial dipole magnetic fields and an initial power-law particle energy distribution in the magnetosphere. The effects can be observed by means of modern instruments.

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MENDONÇA, J. T., L. O. SILVA, and R. BINGHAM. "Reflection of an electron beam by a photon mirror." Journal of Plasma Physics 73, no. 5 (October 2007): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377806006064.

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AbstractA new configuration for the laser accelerator is proposed, which is inspired by the relativistic photon mirror effect. The material mirror is replaced here by an intense laser pulse, acting as a photon mirror for the incoming charged particles. A sufficient condition for particle reflection at such a photon mirror is established and three types of particle trajectories are described. A snow-plow acceleration regime is identified and quantitatively defined. Production of intense radiation bursts by the charged particle beam during the reflection process is also demonstrated.

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Grichine, V. M. "Radiation of a relativistic charged particle in matter." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 75, no. 8 (August 2006): 832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.12.006.

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Slater, James M. "Considerations in Identifying Optimal Particles for Radiation Medicine." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 5, no. 2 (April 2006): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153303460600500201.

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Of the many ionizing particles discovered so far, only a few are reasonable to consider for radiation therapy. These include photons, protons, neutrons, electrons, mesons, antiprotons, and ions heavier than hydrogen. Most of these particles are used therapeutically to destroy or inactivate malignant and sometimes benign cells. Since the late 1930s, accelerators have been developed that have expanded radiation oncologists' abilities to produce various ionizing particle beams. Over the past decade, radiation oncologists have become increasingly interested in pursuing particles other than the conventional photons that have been used almost exclusively since X-rays were discovered in 1895. Physicians recognize that normal-tissue morbidity from all forms of anti-cancer treatment is the primary factor limiting the success of those treatments. In radiation therapy, all particles mentioned above can destroy any cancer cell; controlling the beam in three dimensions, thus providing the physician with the capability of avoiding normal-tissue injury, is the fundamental deficiency in the use of X-rays (photons). Heavy charged particles possess near-ideal characteristics for exercising control in three dimensions; their primary differences are due to the number of protons contained within their nuclei. As their number of protons increase (atomic number) their ionization density (LET) increases. In selecting the optimal particle for therapy from among the heavy charged particles, one must carefully consider the ionization density created by each specific particle. Ionization density creates both advantages and disadvantages for patient treatment; these factors must be matched with the patients' precise clinical needs. The current state of the art involves studying the clinical advantages and disadvantages of the lightest ion, the proton, as compared to other particles used or contemplated for use. Full analysis must await adequate data developed from long-term studies to determine the precise role of each potential particle for human use. It is expected that one particle beam will emerge as the mainstream for treating human disease, and a small number of particles may emerge in an adjunctive role.

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Ali, Riasat, Kazuharu Bamba, Muhammad Asgher, Muhammad Fawad Malik, and Syed Asif Ali Shah. "Stability Analysis of Charged Rotating Black Ring." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071165.

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We study the electromagnetic field equation along with the WKB approximation. The boson tunneling phenomenon from charged rotating black ring (CRBR) is analyzed. It is examined that reserve radiation consistent with CRBR can be computed in general by neglecting back reaction and self-gravitational of the radiated boson particle. The calculated temperature depends upon quantum gravity and CRBR geometry. We also examine the corrected tunneling rate/probability of boson particles by assuming charge as well as energy conservation laws and the quantum gravity. Furthermore, we study the graphical behavior of the temperature and check the stability and instability of CRBR.

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Terasawa, Teruhiko. "Systematic Review: Charged-Particle Radiation Therapy for Cancer." Annals of Internal Medicine 151, no. 8 (October 20, 2009): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-8-200910200-00145.

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Roa-Neri, J. A. E., and J. L. Jiménez. "Radiation Reaction of a Nonrelativistic Quantum Charged Particle." Foundations of Physics 34, no. 4 (April 2004): 547–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:foop.0000019626.21305.c8.

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Folkard, M., K. M. Prise, and B. Vojnovic. "Status of Charged Particle Microbeams for Radiation Biology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 58 (March 1, 2007): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/58/1/009.

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Rule, D. W. "Transition radiation diagnostics for intense charged particle beams." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 24-25 (April 1987): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(87)80275-6.

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Morton, E. J., G. M. Crockett, P. J. Sellin, and P. DeAntonis. "The charged particle response of CdZnTe radiation detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 422, no. 1-3 (February 1999): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(98)00949-8.

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Avetissian, H. K., G. F. Mkrtchian, M. G. Poghosyan, and Kh V. Sedrakian. "Coherent diffraction radiation diagnostics for charged particle beams." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 528, no. 1-2 (August 2004): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.050.

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Vakulina, E. V., V. V. Andreev, and N. V. Maksimenko. "The radiation of a spin-free particle in the field of a plane electromagnetic wave." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series 57, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-2430-2021-57-4-455-463.

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In this paper, we obtained a solution for the equation of motion of a charged spinless particle in the field of a plane electromagnetic wave. Relativistic expressions for the cross section of Compton scattering by a charged particle of spin 0 interacting with the field of a plane electromagnetic wave are calculated. Numerical simulation of the total probability of radiation as the function of the electromagnetic wave amplitude is carried out. The radiation probability is found to be consistent with the total cross section for Compton scattering by a charged particle of spin 0.

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Klein, Peter M., Yasaman Alaghband, Ngoc-Lien Doan, Ning Ru, Olivia G. G. Drayson, Janet E. Baulch, Enikö A. Kramár, Marcelo A. Wood, Ivan Soltesz, and Charles L. Limoli. "Acute, Low-Dose Neutron Exposures Adversely Impact Central Nervous System Function." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 21, 2021): 9020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169020.

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A recognized risk of long-duration space travel arises from the elevated exposure astronauts face from galactic cosmic radiation (GCR), which is composed of a diverse array of energetic particles. There is now abundant evidence that exposures to many different charged particle GCR components within acute time frames are sufficient to induce central nervous system deficits that span from the molecular to the whole animal behavioral scale. Enhanced spacecraft shielding can lessen exposures to charged particle GCR components, but may conversely elevate neutron radiation levels. We previously observed that space-relevant neutron radiation doses, chronically delivered at dose-rates expected during planned human exploratory missions, can disrupt hippocampal neuronal excitability, perturb network long-term potentiation and negatively impact cognitive behavior. We have now determined that acute exposures to similar low doses (18 cGy) of neutron radiation can also lead to suppressed hippocampal synaptic signaling, as well as decreased learning and memory performance in male mice. Our results demonstrate that similar nervous system hazards arise from neutron irradiation regardless of the exposure time course. While not always in an identical manner, neutron irradiation disrupts many of the same central nervous system elements as acute charged particle GCR exposures. The risks arising from neutron irradiation are therefore important to consider when determining the overall hazards astronauts will face from the space radiation environment.

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Jabbar Younis, Taghreed Abdull, and Firas Mahmood Hady. "CALCULATION OF THE STOPPING POWER OF ALPHA PARTICLES AND ITS RANGE IN BONE TISSUE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i4.2019.913.

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With the advancement of modern radiotherapy technology, radiation dose and dose distribution have significantly improved. as part of Natural development, interest has recently been renewed by treatment, especially in the use of heavy charged particles, because these radiation types serve theoretical advantages in all biological and physical aspects. The interactions of alpha particle with matter were studied and the stopping powers of alpha particle with Bone Tissue were calculated by using Zeigler’s formula and SRIM software, also the Range for this particle were calculated by using Mat lab language for (0.01-1000) MeV alpha energy.

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Zhang, Shenyi, Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Jia Yu, Chi Wang, Qiang Fu, Yongliao Zou, Yueqiang Sun, et al. "First measurements of the radiation dose on the lunar surface." Science Advances 6, no. 39 (September 2020): eaaz1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1334.

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Human exploration of the Moon is associated with substantial risks to astronauts from space radiation. On the surface of the Moon, this consists of the chronic exposure to galactic cosmic rays and sporadic solar particle events. The interaction of this radiation field with the lunar soil leads to a third component that consists of neutral particles, i.e., neutrons and gamma radiation. The Lunar Lander Neutrons and Dosimetry experiment aboard China’s Chang’E 4 lander has made the first ever measurements of the radiation exposure to both charged and neutral particles on the lunar surface. We measured an average total absorbed dose rate in silicon of 13.2 ± 1 μGy/hour and a neutral particle dose rate of 3.1 ± 0.5 μGy/hour.

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Santos, Jaime E., Mikhail Vasilevskiy, Nuno M. R. Peres, and Antti-Pekka Jauho. "Energy loss by fast-travelling charged particles traversing two-dimensional materials." EPJ Web of Conferences 233 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023303005.

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We consider the problem of the radiation losses by fast-traveling particles traversing two-dimensional (2d) materials or thin films. After review¬ing the screening of electromagnetic fields by two dimensional conducting ma¬terials, we obtain the energy loss by a fast particle traversing such a material or film. In particular, we discuss the pattern of radiation emitted by monolayer graphene treated within a hydrodynamic approximation. These results are com¬pared with recent published results using similar approximations and, having in mind a potential application to particle detection, we briefly discuss how one can improve on the signals obtained by using other two-dimensional materials.

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Ali, Riasat, Kazuharu Bamba, and Syed Asif Ali Shah. "Effect of Quantum Gravity on the Stability of Black Holes." Symmetry 11, no. 5 (May 5, 2019): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050631.

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We investigate the massive vector field equation with the WKB approximation. The tunneling mechanism of charged bosons from the gauged super-gravity black hole is observed. It is shown that the appropriate radiation consistent with black holes can be obtained in general under the condition that back reaction of the emitted charged particle with self-gravitational interaction is neglected. The computed temperatures are dependant on the geometry of black hole and quantum gravity. We also explore the corrections to the charged bosons by analyzing tunneling probability, the emission radiation by taking quantum gravity into consideration and the conservation of charge and energy. Furthermore, we study the quantum gravity effect on radiation and discuss the instability and stability of black hole.

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42

Oceano, Isabella. "The PADME charged particle spectrometer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012027.

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The PADME experiment aims at searching signals of a dark photon A′. This is done evaluating the final state missing mass of the process e + e − → A′γ by knowing the beam energy and measuring the four-momentum of the ordinary recoil photon. The determination of this quantity, and the capability to reject the background, are the key points for the success of the experiment. Three charged particle detectors are employed to detect the positrons that have radiated a high energy photon in the target (PVeto), electrons from the beam interactions in the target or from particles which decay to final states with electrons (EVeto), and the positrons with a relatively low energy radiation in the target (HEPVeto). All three detectors are made of plastics scintillator bars placed inside the vacuum vessel of the PADME setup. PADME Commissioning took place in 2018-2019 with the beam of the Linac of the local Beam Test Facility (BTF) and results and performance of the veto stations will be presented.

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Gadre, Nitin Ramchandra. "A relook at radiation by a point charge. I." Canadian Journal of Physics 95, no. 11 (November 2017): 1142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0071.

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Efforts to suggest a classical model for the hydrogen atom are discouraged by a conclusion, based on the principles of electrodynamics, that an accelerating charged particle necessarily radiates. In this paper, we re-examine the steps leading to this conclusion. We start with the relativistic expressions for energy and momentum of a particle and establish the relationship between special relativity and electrodynamics. The standard field expression and its relativistic transformations are then studied for a point charge source, represented by a delta function. In conventional Poynting’s theorem analysis, the rate of change of work done on a system of charges is written as addition of two terms, rate of change of stored energy, and surface integral of Poynting vector. For a delta function source, the first two terms of this equation are either non-integrable or difficult to evaluate. Only the third surface integration term can be evaluated, which is said to give radiation by the point charge. Thus, the statement that an accelerated charge radiates is a conclusion based on this Poynting vector analysis. We examine it and realize that this statement, namely, that a point charge radiates continuously just because it is accelerating, does not have adequate theoretical justification.

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44

Dai, De-Chang. "Serious limitations of the strong equivalence principle." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 13 (May 5, 2017): 1750068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17500683.

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It is well known that an accelerated charged particle radiates away energy. However, whether an accelerated neutral composite particle radiates away energy is unclear. We study decoherent Larmor radiation from an accelerated neutral composite object. We find that the neutral object’s long wavelength radiation is highly suppressed because radiation from different charges is canceled out. However, the neutral object radiates high energy or short wavelength radiation without any suppression. In that case, radiation from each particle can be treated independently, and it is called the decoherent radiation. We compare a hydrogen atom’s decoherent Larmor radiation with its gravitational radiation while the atom is in a circular orbit around a star. Gravitational radiation is stronger than the electromagnetic radiation if the orbital radius is larger than some critical radius. Since the decoherent radiation is related to the object’s structure, this implies that the strong equivalence principle which states that gravitational motion does not depend on an object’s constitution has severe limitations.

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45

Noble, Adam, David A. Burton, Lauren Docherty, and Dino A. Jaroszynski. "Self-force on a charged particle in an external scalar field." New Journal of Physics 23, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 115007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3262.

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Abstract A charged particle subject to strong external forces will accelerate, and so radiate energy, inducing a self-force. This phenomenon remains contentious, but advances in laser technology mean we will soon encounter regimes where a more complete understanding is essential. The terms ‘self-force’ and ‘radiation reaction’ are often used synonymously, but reflect different aspects of the recoil force. For a particle accelerating in an electromagnetic field, radiation reaction is usually the dominant self-force, but in a scalar field this is not the case, and the total effect of the self-force can be anti-frictional. Aspects of this self-force can be recast in terms of spacetime geometry, and this interpretation illuminates the long-standing enigma of a particle radiating while experiencing no self-force.

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Klimushkin, Dmitri, Pavel Mager, Maksim Chelpanov, and Danila Kostarev. "Interaction between long-period ULF waves and charged particle in the magnetosphere: theory and observations (overview)." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 7, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-74202105.

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The paper reviews the current state of the problem of interaction between long-period ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves and high-energy particles. We consider elements of the theory of energy exchange between waves and particles, particle transport across magnetic shells under the influence of the electromagnetic field of a wave, the acceleration of radiation belt particles by both resonant and non-resonant mechanisms. We examine the mechanisms of generation of azimuthally-small-scale ULF waves due to instabilities arising from the wave–particle resonance. The cases of Alfvén, drift-compressional, and drift-mirror waves are analyzed. It is noted that due to the lack of a detailed theory of drift-mirror modes, the possibility of their existence in the magnetosphere cannot be taken as a proven fact. We summarize experimental data on the poloidal and compression ULF waves generated by unstable populations of high-energy particles. We investigate the mechanisms of modulation of energetic particle fluxes by ULF waves and possible observational manifestations of such modulation. Methods of studying the structure of waves across magnetic shells by recording fluxes of resonant particles with a finite Larmor radius are discussed.

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47

Lovshenko, I. Yu, V. R. Stempitsky, and V. T. Shandarovich. "Modeling the impacts of heavy charged particles on electrical characteristics of n-MOSFET device structure." Doklady BGUIR 18, no. 7 (November 25, 2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2020-18-7-55-62.

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The use of microelectronic products in outer space is possible if protection is provided against special external influencing factors, including radiation effect. For digital integrated circuits manufactured using submicron CMOS processes, the greatest influence is exerted by radiation effects caused by exposure to a heavy charged particle. The use of special design tools in the development of dual-purpose microcircuits, with increased resistance to the impact of heavy charged particles, prevents single events from occurring. Thus, the use of modern software products for device and technological modeling in microelectronics when developing the element base of radiation-resistant microcircuits for space purposes will cut the time to develop new products and make it possible to modernize (improve performance) already existing device and circuitry solutions. The paper delivers the results of modeling the impacts of heavy charged particles with a magnitude of linear energy transfer equal to 1.81, 10.1, 18.8, 55.0 MeV·cm2/mg, corresponding to nitrogen ions 15N+4 with an energy E = 1,87 MeV; argon 40Ar+12 with an energy E = 372 MeV; ferrum 56Fe+15 with an energy E = 523 MeV; xenon 131Xe+35 with an energy E = 1217 MeV, on electrical characteristics of n-MOSFET device structure. The dependences of the maximum drain current IС on the motion trajectory of a heavy charged particle and the ambient temperature are shown.

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48

Matsuno, Ken. "Hawking radiation of scalar particles and fermions from squashed Kaluza–Klein black holes based on a generalized uncertainty principle." Classical and Quantum Gravity 39, no. 7 (March 11, 2022): 075022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ac4c05.

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Abstract We study the Hawking radiation from the five-dimensional charged static squashed Kaluza–Klein black hole by the tunneling of charged scalar particles and charged fermions. In contrast to the previous studies of Hawking radiation from squashed Kaluza–Klein black holes, we consider the phenomenological quantum gravity effects predicted by the generalized uncertainty principle with the minimal measurable length. We derive corrections of the Hawking temperature to general relativity, which are related to the energy of the emitted particle, the size of the compact extra dimension, the charge of the black hole and the existence of the minimal length in the squashed Kaluza–Klein geometry. We obtain some known Hawking temperatures in five and four-dimensional black hole spacetimes by taking limits in the modified temperature. We show that the generalized uncertainty principle may slow down the increase of the Hawking temperature due to the radiation, which may lead to the thermodynamic stable remnant of the order of the Planck mass after the evaporation of the squashed Kaluza–Klein black hole. We also find that the sparsity of the Hawking radiation modified by the generalized uncertainty principle may become infinite when the mass of the squashed Kaluza–Klein black hole approaches its remnant mass.

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Lambropoulos, C. P., C. Potiriadis, K. Karafasoulis, C. Papadimitropoulos, G. Theodoratos, I. Kazas, I. Glikiotis, et al. "The MIDAS dosimeter/particle monitor of charged particles and neutrons for space environment." Radiation Measurements 135 (July 2020): 106347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106347.

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Saeed, Abdu, Sultan Alomairy, Chahkrit Sriwunkum, and M. S. Al-Buriahi. "Neutron and charged particle attenuation properties of volcanic rocks." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 184 (July 2021): 109454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109454.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Charged particle radiation'

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