Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Charbon actif – Déchets – Élimination'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 16 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Charbon actif – Déchets – Élimination.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Conte-Fabre, Fabienne. "Etude de la régénération de charbon actif par induction électromagnétique." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT015G.
Full textSing-Tenière, Christelle. "Etude des procédés de stabilisation/solidification (des déchets solides poreux) à base de liants hydrauliques ou de liants bitumineux." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1998ISAL0020/these.pdf.
Full textThis research is devoted to the analysis of means used to define stabilization/solidification processes of specific industrial wastes. The selected wastes are a used catalyst containing vanadium V(V) and an activated charcoal polluted by iodine. We have shown that the water absorption capability, which is linked to the waste porosity, is the key factor of a treatment; the choice of the adequate binder for this treatment is suggested by the behavior of the bulk waste during leaching. Two treatment processes, one based on hydraulic binder stabilization and the other based on bitumen stabilization, are developed and tested. In both cases, it appears that the physical and chemical properties of the binder and the mixing of the waste and the binder determine the efficiency of the treatment. Thus we observed that the effectiveness of the hydraulic binder to chemically stabilize the bulk waste is linked to the waste solubility level in the binder leachates. Regarding bitumen, it appears that the treatment efficiency mainly depends on bitumen viscosity. The waste/hydraulic binder mixing process is based on a selected order of constituents’ incorporation and on selected proportions ratio. The waste/bitumen mixing process proved to depend on two parameters: the workability temperature and the residence time at this temperature We propose an empirical model that allows to evaluate the latter. After treatment of the two wastes using both processes, it appeared that although vanadium is reduced in V(IV) by bitumen, it is not more stable. By incorporating vanadium in its hydrates, the hydraulic binder chemically stabilizes the waste. It is therefore more efficient to treat the catalyst. Iodine is not chemically stabilized by these binders. However, by ensuring a greatest physical retention, the bitumen-based process constitutes the best approach for charcoal treatment. This methodology, based on the link between waste and binder, provides acceptable results on the viewpoint of the stabilization/solidification by two different binders. It opens interesting perspectives considering the number of existing hydraulic binders and bitumen
Zheng, Yaqing. "Elimination du sulfure d'hydrogène et de mercaptans par absorption et oxydation catalytique sur charbons actifs et charbons actifs modifiés." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20282.
Full textFrancoeur, Marckens. "Optimisation des conditions d'élaboration de charbon actifs à partir de biomasse (Sargassum sp. et Galaba Calophilum L.) pour l'adsorption et la dégradation de polluants émergents." Thesis, Antilles, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ANTI0741.
Full textThis study was carried out in order to determine the optimal conditions for synthesisof activated carbons (ACs) derived from Sargassum (sp), which is an invasive alga, andfrom cockle of galba (Galaba calophilum L.) generated after extraction of cosmetic oil.Activated carbons are used for efficient adsorption of pollutant residues such as caffeine(Caf), tetracycline (Tc), penicillin (Pen), erythromycin (Ery) and methylene blue (MB).The preparation of the CAs was performed following a three-factor, two-level Doehlertoptimisation design (pyrolysis temperature, mass ratio of activating agent to precursorand pyrolysis time) followed by response surface methodology. Then ACs giving optimaladsorptions are used to prepare an iron oxide catalytic support by different impregnationmethods. Catalytic effect of magnetic carbons (MAC) was studied for degradation of parachlorobenzoic acid (pCBA) and stability of materials after several cycles of use was tested.Degradation of antiobiotics after saturation of the MAC under ozone was evaluated.The obtained MAC were characterised using different techniques, thermogravimetric analysis, surface chemistry namely pHpzc and acidity/base of surface groups by Boehmmethod, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction, textural properties were determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement,scanning electron microscopy.Adsorption capacities were found to be 329, 579, 150 and 223 mg g-1 on the optimisedsargassum-based AC and 384, 607, 249, 314 mg g-1 on the optimised galba-based AC forCaf, Tc, Pen and MB, respectively. Adsorption measurements on MAC allowed selection ofthe optimum materials for testing the oxidation processes. It is shown that the advancedoxidation process using ozonation coupled with ACs as a catalytic support is effective forthe removal of pollutants with a percentage removal of over 96 % for Ery, and over 99 %for Pen and Tc. These studies have shown a very high stability of some MAC even afterseveral cycles of use for both adsorption and degradation of pollutants
Ferreira, de Oliveira Penalver Tatianne. "Etude d'un procédé de dépollution basé sur le couplage ozone/charbon actif pour l'élimination des phtalates en phase aqueuse." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2029/document.
Full textIn order to comply with the standards governing the discharge of industrial effluents (Water Framework Directive, target date 2021) concerning micropollutants, in particular phthalates, innovative wastewater treatment processes have to be used. The present research addresses this issue through a study of ozone/activated carbon coupling. After determining the textural and chemical properties of several activated carbons, the efficiency of this coupling for the removal of phthalates was tested according to the following criteria: degradation kinetics of the target pollutants and evolution of both toxicity and mineralization during the process. Compared to the classical methods (ozonation or adsorption used separately), coupling proved to be highly efficient. It enables the fast removal of pollutants with a significant decrease in mineralization and toxicity. Coupling also proved to be efficient for the treatment of more complex matrices such as municipal wastewater treatment outflow. Moreover, the activated carbon properties which favour the process have also been determined. It is shown that, in this coupling, the material acts as a radical initiator and promoter (the reactions are mainly radical in nature) and as a reaction support. Lastly, the study also shows that in situ regeneration of the activated carbon, which would be economically attractive, could be achieved during the process
Giroud, Nicolas. "Optimisation de la formation d'espèces minérales soufrées en chambre de combustion lors de l'incinération de déchets dangeureux : cas du Mancozeb et d'un charbon actif soufré." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MULH6454.
Full textThermal treatment of dangerous wastes with high sulfur contents may lead to difficulties in thermal treatment unit control because of strong variation in sulfur contents. This work aims at favoring the in-situ formation of high temperature stable minerals in which sulfur is trapped. Thermal decomposition mechanism of two dangerous wastes (Mancozeb and a soiled activated carbon) have been investigated under both air and nitrogen atmosphere through thermogravimetric analysis. Knowing the temperature of gaseous emissions and the speciation of emitted sulfur compounds, made it possible to simulate the reactivity of sulfur with several calcium based products using the Enthalpy minimization model. Tests were then performed in a horizontal laboratory furnace to optimize the formation of sulfur minerals from lime and wastes, at 1100°C under air atmosphere. The occurrence of reducing conditions in some parts of the load leads to the formation of calcium sulfide, stable provided the reducing conditions are kept locally. Upscale tests were then performed in a grid furnace and confirmed the obtained at laboratory scale : sulfur is trapped by lime in calcium sulfide only in default of oxygen. The obtained sulfide containing residues were submitted to standardized leaching test NF-EN 12457-2. These residues respect the prevailing regulations concerning its admission in dangerous ultimate wastes storage center
Anki, Fatiha. "Etude et analyse de deux dispositifs industriels de traitement d'effluents gazeux acide par voie semi-humide et étude d'un procédé d'élimination du mercure gazeux par adsorption sur charbon actif." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL057N.
Full textLesage, Geoffroy. "Etude de l’élimination de substances aromatiques dangereuses dans un procédé couplant adsorption et biodégradation." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340/.
Full textOne of the main challenges currently facing environmental conservation is to reduce the discharge of organic micropollutants from industrial liquid outflows. Biological aerobic treatment is the most commonly used treatment, but conventional systems were not conceived with the idea of eliminating micropollutants, these molecules not necessarily being biodegraded. Among the selected substances, the least volatile molecules are also the most hydrophobic (PAHs) and tend to be absorbed mostly on suspended solids or sludge. Conversely, the less hydrophobic but highly volatile molecules, such as BTEX, have a strong tendency to be transferred into the atmosphere during the aeration phase. In the project ANR HYBIOX « hybrid biological practices for improving the breakdown of xenobiotics », hybrid bioreactors based on the addition of mobile and absorbent surfaces in the activated sludge processes are evaluated, so as to better pinpoint these pollutants and to allow flocs and biofilms to co-exist within the same reactor. The coupling of physicochemical and biological phenomena was studied in an SBR. Modelling these phenomena allows us to test hypotheses, predict the optimal operating conditions for stopping a process, and helps with the interpretation of the results. We drew on a model of adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces, developed under Matlab®, and on a model integrating the coupling of phenomena, developed under Aquasim®. The simulations carried out correspond with the experimental results and allow us to conclude that the abiotic elimination mechanisms play a very important role in the “purification results” of the biological aerobic treatment process. Over the course of the treatment, the transfer of BTEX from the liquid phase to the gas compartment was significant (>99% in two hours) and the quantities of PAHs detected in the solid fraction were considerable. The hybrid reactor presents a number of advantages over a classic biological process. On the one hand, the addition of activated carbon grains in the activated sludge process allows us to pinpoint the targeted pollutants and increase their residence time within the process. On the other hand, to reduce their concentration to a non-inhibitory level (if this is the case), and finally to allow the absorption of variations in charge which are common in industrial outflow. For more volatile and less hydrophobic molecules (ex : BTEX), the addition of absorbent particles and the analysis of operational modes which minimize the transfer in the gas phase are the predominant points. We will therefore have to evaluate with which dynamic the adsorbent can bioregenerate in the system
Khezami, Lotfi. "Production et caractérisation des charbons actifs à partir du bois et autres déchets végétaux : application en traitement des eaux." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1552.
Full textThe kinetics of cellulose pyrolysis were studied from thermogravimetric data. The kinetic model of Prout-Tomkins type is adapted to the pyrolysis of cellulose. The energy of activation corresponding to cellulose, lignin and xylan has been identified in dynamic mode. The activated carbon produced from wood and its basic components have been characterised by BET and adsorption from aqueous solution. Simultaneous measurements of DTA-TGA allowed to compare the heat of reaction and the decomposition rate of the wood components. Its Chemical activation by KOH and H3PO4 produce AC with height surface and adsorption capacity. Thermocompression confer to the wood a density two times larger than its initial density. Chemical activation with KOH results in a high surface area with a good adsorption capacity AC. The measurements of adsorption capacities of metal ions provide relevant results. The kinetics of the sorption process are found to follow the pseudo-second order law
Meullemiestre, Alice. "Valorisation des déchets de la filière « bois » en deux étapes : isolation des molécules extractibles puis fabrication de charbon actif : cas du pin maritime." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS008/document.
Full textThe scientific advances in plants, processing technologies, biotechnology allow considering that the products of renewable carbon green chemistry, substitutable and competitive will replace the products issued from fossil material. In this framework, this project concerned a double valorization of waste from wood sector. The first valorization concerned the isolation of extractable compounds which are present in low quantities and could be considered as a high added value product. The second valorization deals with the transformation of the residue in another high added value product : the activated carbons. Thus, the proposed process concerns the sector of "green chemistry" with an integrated approach of "waste valorization". In the framework of this study, we used as raw material sawdust of maritime pine (pinus pinaster) from Landes area from an isolation of volatiles extracted by some intensified processes such as microwave and ultrasounds. The obtained oil was characterized by determining the quantity (yield), the composition, the antioxidant capacity, the polyphenols content and by studying the microstructure. To achieve a total valorization the residues were submitted to a pyro-activation with CO2 and water vapor as activating agents to produce an activated carbon. An optimization was carried out according to different responses as the BET surface, the pores size by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and the adsorption properties of activated carbon in aqueous phase (Langmuir et Freundlich parameters)
Ciffroy, Philippe. "Contribution à la mise au point d'un procédé de décontamination par voie biologique d'effluents radioactifs." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0290.
Full textJarret, Michèle. "Caractérisation de la matière organique d'une eau : mécanismes mis en jeu lors de son élimination par un traitement d'affinage." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077052.
Full textAltenor, Sandro. ""Etude physico-chimiques d'algues et de charbons actifs issus de déchets lignocellulosiques de la caraïbe et faisabilité de leur application pour le traitement des eaux"." Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0235.
Full textThree agricultural by-products or biomass waste of the Caribbean: vetiver roots (Vetiveria zizanioides), sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L. ) and a marine macro algae (Turbinaria turbinata) are used as activated carbon (AC) precursors. ACs were produced by steam activation with ACs yields of 13% (vetiver roots), 11% (sugar cane bagasse) and 21% (turbinaria), on the other hand by phosphoric acid activation, the ACs yields are 48% (vetiver roots), 47% (sugar cane bagasse) and 49% (turbinaria). Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K shows that, a mixed microporous and mesoporous structure of the ACs. A new method of calculating the specifie surface area depending of the 0 and KF has been established for 0 values between 0 and 0. 2: Steam activation provides basic ACs, while chemical activation by phosphoric acid provides acidic ACs. Phenol and methylene blue (MS) were used to characterize liquid phase adsorption. In addition, chromium (Cr+6) adsorption were also studied on raw turbinaria and its derived ACs. Ln addition, the combination of the Freundlich and BET isotherms in liquid phase allowed to establish a relationship that can be used to determine the area occupied by the solute molecules on ACs surface: with 0. 01 < bLCe < 0. 3 and 1 1n <0. 2 Finally, manufacturing costs ofvetiver roots ACs in Haiti were estimated. This estimation showed that chemical activation will be more economical: dollard 1. 00 to dollard 1. 121kg against dollard 1. 27/kg for the steam activation
Sahmarani, Rayane. "Valorisation des déchets agroalimentaires (noyaux des dattes-Phoenix Dactylifera) pour l’élimination des pesticides organochlorés des eaux contaminées." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R079.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose an innovative approach for the depollution of contaminated water by organochlorine pesticides used an adsorption technique on activated carbons from date stones (species : Phoenix dactylifera, types : Ajwa, Anbari et Khudri). Then, study the retention capacity of these column materials in the laboratory with applications on contaminated sites (effluents of agriculture and wastewater treatment plants).The preparation of better activated carbons from date stones by a simple process of pyrolysis preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. Several parameters will be studied in order to determine the optimal conditions of the adsorption such as dose of the adsorbent, pH of the solution, initial concentration of pesticides and time of contact, since the adsorption capacity of an activated carbon depends in part on the capability between the pore size and the dimension of the adsorbed molecules. Therefore, it is essential to optimize the production of activated carbon
Boizi, Elloe Martin. "Co-valorisation de déchets lignocellulosiques en tant qu'adsorbants appliqués en dépollution aqueuse et production de chaleur par combustion." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1246.
Full textDéry, Alexandre. "Comparaison à l'échelle réelle des performances d'un filtre conventionnel et d'un filtre au charbon activé en grains précédés d'une inter-ozonation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29515/29515.pdf.
Full textA water quality monitoring was conducted on two full scale granular filters of the biggest water treatment plant of Québec City. One of the filters contains anthracite and sand layers, while the other contains granular activated carbon (GAC) and sand layers. Both filters, which are preceded by an inter-ozonation step, were operated in the same conditions during the study which happened during the second year of operation of these filters. The qualities of raw water, settled water, ozonated water and filtered water were monitored for 32 weeks, from May to December 2011, two times in a filtration cycle every two weeks. Globally, the GAC filter exhibited better organic matter removal performances but a lower turbidity removal performance than the anthracite filter. This allows a potential reduction in chlorine consumption for the GAC filter but this economy is shadowed by the very high cost of this filter media.