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Journal articles on the topic 'Characterization of NAPL-contaminated sites'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

St. Germain, Randy, Steven Adamek, and Thomas Rudolph. "In situ Characterization of NAPL with TarGOST® at MGP Sites." Land Contamination & Reclamation 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2462/09670513.741.

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2

Bica, Ioan. "Contaminated sites investigation. Objectives and methods." E3S Web of Conferences 169 (2020): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016902002.

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The past human activities, mainly that related to industrial development caused in many cases a strong contamination of soil, subsoil environment and of groundwater. This type of pollution is a concern because it poses risks to human health and to the ecosystem. More than this, such areas may not be used for new development, requiring solutions for remediation. The management of these sites consists of three main activities: characterization, remediation and, finally, redevelopment. The paper presents a case study dedicated to the first step of contaminated sites management, respectively characterization. This phase is very important, a good characterization could ensure a performant solution for the second step – remediation. Two new techniques for site characterization are presented, as technical principles, but also as performances obtained for the mentioned case study.

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3

Jackson, Richard E., Varadarajan Dwarakanath, John E. Ewing, and John Avis. "Migration of viscous non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in alluvium, Fraser River lowlands, British Columbia." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 694–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-034.

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Coal tar, creosote, and similar viscous non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) behave in alluvial soils in a manner significantly different from that of less viscous NAPLs, such as gasoline and chlorinated solvents. Their unique behavior is due to the interaction of their physicalchemical parameters: a density often greater than water, a viscosity significantly greater than water, and an interfacial tension that yields a positive initial spreading coefficient at airwaterNAPL interfaces. This results in slow, creeping flow that causes long-term contamination at former manufactured gas plants and wood-preserving sites and of their adjacent surface waters. Multiphase simulations of this creeping flow are shown for a site along the lower Fraser River near Vancouver, British Columbia, and the long-term consequences of the migration of viscous NAPLs in alluvium are discussed from the perspective of site characterization and brownfields redevelopment.Key words: creosote, coal tar, multiphase simulation, brownfields, NAPL.

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4

Sheng, Li Wei, Yu Zhao Feng, Hai Bo Yu, Rong Ji Sun, Peng Fei Li, and Heng Zhang. "Research on Environmental Risk Assessment of Contaminated Sites Reuse." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 1768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1768.

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With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, many of industrial enterprises have relocated from the original sites, which have produced a large number of contaminated sites. The environmental risk assessment and management must be carried out imminently. This paper analyzes the removal of contaminated sites happened in China currently, and through combing the contaminated sites features and aspects of human health pathways, analyzed environmental risks of contaminated sites recycling. As for the health risk assessment, we focus on data collection, toxicity assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. The paper also describes the regulations and technical standards of contaminated sites risk assessment, which is used in our country currently. Finally the paper summarizes the problems and gives suggestions for the risk assessment research of contaminated sites.

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5

Margesin, Rosa, Grażyna A. Płaza, and Stefanie Kasenbacher. "Characterization of bacterial communities at heavy-metal-contaminated sites." Chemosphere 82, no. 11 (March 2011): 1583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.056.

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6

Fagnano, Massimo, Donato Visconti, and Nunzio Fiorentino. "Agronomic Approaches for Characterization, Remediation, and Monitoring of Contaminated Sites." Agronomy 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2020): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091335.

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With a view to conserving or improving soil ecosystem services, environment-friendly techniques, such as bio- and phytoremediation, can effectively be used for the characterization, risk assessment, and remediation of contaminated agricultural sites. Polyannual vegetation (meadows, poplar, and cane stands) is widely considered the most efficient tool for remediation (extraction of bioavailable fraction of contaminants), for undertaking safety measures (reducing the mobility of contaminants towards other environmental compartments), and for restoring the ecosystem services of contaminated agricultural sites (biomass production, groundwater protection, C storage, landscape quality improvement, and cultural and educational services). The roles of agronomic approaches will be reviewed by focusing on the various steps in the whole remediation process: (i) detailed environmental characterization; (ii) phytoremediation for reducing risks for the environment and human health; (iii) agronomic management for improving efficiency of phytoremediation; and (iv) biomass recycling in the win-win perspective of the circular economy.

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7

Hemalatha, Swarnakaran, and Panchanathan VeeraManikandan. "Characterization of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Rading Bacteria from Petroleum Contaminated Sites." Journal of Environmental Protection 02, no. 03 (2011): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.23028.

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8

COLLINA, ELENA, MARINA LASAGNI, and DEMETRIO PITEA. "Identification, Characterization, and Remediation of Contaminated Sites: A Case Study." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 879, no. 1 TEMPOS IN SCI (June 1999): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb10444.x.

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9

Říha, V., K. Nymburská, R. Tichy, and J. Tříska. "Microbiological, chemical and toxicological characterization of contaminated sites in Czechoslovakia." Science of The Total Environment 134 (January 1993): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(05)80018-x.

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10

Nivorlis, Aristeidis, Torleif Dahlin, Matteo Rossi, Nikolas Höglund, and Charlotte Sparrenbom. "Multidisciplinary Characterization of Chlorinated Solvents Contamination and In-Situ Remediation with the Use of the Direct Current Resistivity and Time-Domain Induced Polarization Tomography." Geosciences 9, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9120487.

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Soil contamination is a widespread problem and action needs to be taken in order to prevent damage to the groundwater and the life around the contaminated sites. In Sweden, it is estimated that more than 80,000 sites are potentially contaminated, and therefore, there is a demand for investigations and further treatment of the soil. In this paper, we present the results from a methodology applied in a site contaminated with chlorinated solvents, for characterization of the contamination in order to plan the remediation and to follow-up the initial step of in-situ remediation in an efficient way. We utilized the results from three different methods; membrane interface probe for direct measurement of the contaminant concentrations; seismic refraction tomography for investigating the depth to the bedrock interface; and direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization tomography to acquire a high-resolution imaging of the electrical properties of the subsurface. The results indicate that our methodology is very promising in terms of site characterization, and furthermore, has great potential for real-time geophysical monitoring of contaminated sites in the future.

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11

Huy, Nguyen Quang, Sha Jin, Kei Amada, Mitsuru Haruki, Nguyen Ba Huu, Dinh Thuy Hang, Dang Thi Cam Ha, Tadayuki Imanaka, Masaaki Morikawa, and Shigenori Kanaya. "Characterization of petroleum-degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated sites in Vietnam." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 88, no. 1 (January 1999): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80184-4.

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12

Krumova, K., M. Nikolovska, and V. Groudeva. "Characterization of Arsenic-Transforming Bacteria from Arsenic Contaminated Sites in Bulgaria." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 22, no. 2 (January 2008): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2008.10817542.

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13

Hayford, Michael Saah, and Bithin Datta. "Source Characterization of Multiple Reactive Species at an Abandoned Mine Site Using a Groundwater Numerical Simulation Model and Optimization Models." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 4776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094776.

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The most important first step in the management and remediation of contaminated groundwater aquifers is unknown contaminant source characterization. Often, the hydrogeological field data available for accurate source characterization are very sparse. In addition, hydrogeological and geochemical parameter estimates and field measurements are uncertain. Particularly in complex contaminated sites such as abandoned mine sites, the geochemical processes are very complex and identifying the sources of contamination in terms of location, magnitude, and duration, and determination of the pathways of pollution become very difficult. The reactive nature of the contaminant species makes the geochemical transport process very difficult to model and predict. Additionally, the source identification inverse problem is often non-unique and ill posed. This study is about developing and demonstrating a source characterization methodology for a complex contaminated aquifer with multiple reactive species. This study presents linked simulation optimization-based methodologies for characterization of unknown groundwater pollution source characteristics, i.e., location, magnitude and duration or timing. Optimization models are solved using an adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) optimization algorithm. The performance of the developed methodology is evaluated for different complex scenarios of groundwater pollution such as distributed mine waste dumps with reactive chemical species. The method is also applied to a real-life contaminated aquifer to demonstrate the potential applicability and optimal characterization results. The illustrative example site is a mine site in Northern Australia that is no longer active.

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14

Hrudey, Steve E., and Simon J. Pollard. "The challenge of contaminated sites: remediation approaches in North America." Environmental Reviews 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a93-006.

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The pervasive occurrence of contaminated land has become a major issue facing society and involving enormous financial and social implications. Several problems arise at the interface between environmental science and public policy in dealing with future uses of such land. Contaminated sites need to have the nature and magnitude of the contamination identified. Such characterization must deal with the enormous complexity of many common wastes, the selection of appropriate analytical methods, and the heterogeneity of site conditions. Responses to these problems are limited by the capabilities of remediation technologies available. These may be categorized as containment/immobilization, mobilization, or destruction processes. In the last category, bioremediation has shown the most promise and general utility, but a number of specific requirements and constraints must be satisfied. For bioremediation to be feasible, the contaminants must be amenable to biological degradation, an appropriate and active microbial community must be provided, the contaminants must be accessible (bioavailable) to the microbial community, waste-specific constraints must be minimized, and appropriate environmental conditions must be provided for the microbial population. Cleanup criteria are fundamental to any decisions about contaminated sites. The U.S. Superfund approach has avoided developing generic contamination criteria, in contrast with the Canadian approach. Some common problems arise with either approach. There is a trend towards increasing reliance on risk assessment for site remediation decisions. Management challenges facing effective site remediation include the interdisciplinary nature of the issues, communication between laboratory and field personnel, and misrepresentation or inadequate attention to uncertainty. Constructive and positive advances to deal with these problems have been developed and include statistical sampling methods, tiered protocols, integrated toxicity testing procedures, multimedia partitioning models, and uncertainty analyses. Considering all the problems and challenges, there remains overwhelming evidence that prevention of contamination is vastly superior to remediation.Key words: waste characterization, analytical methods, cleanup technologies, bioremediation, cleanup criteria, risk management.

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15

Batool, Rida, Samra Ayub, and Iqra Akbar. "Isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria from petroleum contaminated sites and their characterization." Soil & Environment 36, no. 01 (May 28, 2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25252/se/17/20992.

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16

Geetha, S. J., Sanket J. Joshi, and Shailesh Kathrotiya. "Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterial Isolate from Oil Contaminated Sites." APCBEE Procedia 5 (2013): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2013.05.041.

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17

Batista, S. B., A. H. Mounteer, F. R. Amorim, and M. R. Tótola. "Isolation and characterization of biosurfactant/bioemulsifier-producing bacteria from petroleum contaminated sites." Bioresource Technology 97, no. 6 (April 2006): 868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.020.

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18

Esfahani, Hamed K., and Bithin Datta. "Linked Optimal Reactive Contaminant Source Characterization in Contaminated Mine Sites: Case Study." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 142, no. 12 (December 2016): 04016061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000707.

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19

Totevová, S., M. Prouza, J. Burkhard, K. Demnerová, and V. Brenner. "Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated sites in Czechia." Folia Microbiologica 47, no. 3 (June 2002): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02817646.

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20

De Filippi, Francesco Maria, Silvia Iacurto, Flavia Ferranti, and Giuseppe Sappa. "Hydraulic Conductivity Estimation Using Low-Flow Purging Data Elaboration in Contaminated Sites." Water 12, no. 3 (March 22, 2020): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030898.

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Hydrogeological characterization is required when investigating contaminated sites, and hydraulic conductivity is an important parameter that needs to be estimated. Before groundwater sampling, well water level values are measured during low-flow purging to check the correct driving of the activity. However, these data are generally considered only as an indicator of an adequate well purging. In this paper, water levels and purging flow rates were considered to estimate hydraulic conductivity values in an alluvial aquifer, and the obtained results were compared with traditional hydraulic conductivity test results carried on in the same area. To test the applicability of this method, data coming from 59 wells located in the alluvial aquifer of Malagrotta waste disposal site, a large area of 160 ha near Rome, were analyzed and processed. Hydraulic conductivity values were estimated by applying the Dupuit’s hypothesis for steady-state radial flow in an unconfined aquifer, as these are the hydraulic conditions in pumping wells for remediation purposes. This study aims to show that low-flow purging procedures in monitoring wells—carried out before sampling for groundwater characterization—represent an easy and inexpensive method for soil hydraulic conductivity estimation with good feasibility, if correctly carried on.

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21

Harding, A. R., and J. P. Walsh. "Application of Field Mobile EDXRF Analysis to Contaminated Soil Characterization." Advances in X-ray Analysis 33 (1989): 647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800020127.

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Effective assessment and remediation of hazardous waste sites dictates that analytical methodologies be developed which assist in the evaluation of site contamination and simultaneously make efficient use of sampling time and resources (1). Optimally, a technique would provide on-site personnel with immediate and accurate information concerning the identity and concentration of inorganic soil contaminants (2).

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22

Shukla, B. N., and P. V. Desai. "Isolation, Characterization and Optimization of Lipase Producing Pseudomonas spp. from Oil Contaminated Sites." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 5, no. 5 (May 10, 2016): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.505.093.

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23

Płaza, Grażyna A., Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki, Onruthai Pinyakong, Paul Illmer, and Rosa Margesin. "Ecotoxicological and microbiological characterization of soils from heavy-metal- and hydrocarbon-contaminated sites." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 163, no. 1-4 (April 8, 2009): 477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-0851-7.

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24

Ghosh, Anuradha, Archana M. Mohod, Kishore M. Paknikar, and Rakesh K. Jain. "Isolation and characterization of selenite- and selenate-tolerant microorganisms from selenium-contaminated sites." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24, no. 8 (November 28, 2007): 1607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-007-9624-z.

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25

Jahnke, Annika, Anna Sobek, Melanie Bergmann, Jennifer Bräunig, Madlen Landmann, Sabine Schäfer, and Beate I. Escher. "Emerging investigator series: effect-based characterization of mixtures of environmental pollutants in diverse sediments." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 20, no. 12 (2018): 1667–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8em00401c.

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Our study distinguishes the total vs. the bioavailable contamination of mixtures of environmental pollutants in sediments from contaminated sites in Europe and more remote locations in Australia and the Arctic.

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26

Sahu, Ajay Kumar, Rahul Nemani, Prangya Prangya Acharya, Rupali Sinha, Subhranil Sengupta, and Bibekananda Pradhan. "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL FROM PETROL BUNK AT SOUTHEAST BANGALORE." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 7, no. 2 (April 14, 2019): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i2.471.

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The isolation of oil contaminated sites and gravimetric analysis of degradation in which, two bacterial formed maximum clearing zones on minerals salt medium. An increase in cell number indicating that the bacterial isolation was responsible for the oil degradation .the collected oil contaminated sites at kormongala, Indra nagar, MTTC culture , micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., pseudomonas spp., which are able to utilize the oil in soil as carbon sources, were added to oil contaminated soil sample , the growth profiles were determined by monitoring the optical density, dry weight and Ph of the culture utilizing lubricating oil as sole sources of carbon, Bushnell Haas media supplemented with petrol, kerosene and diesel as sole carbon sources was used for isolation of bacteria capable of degrading these petroleum fractionates. From three soil sample and two water sample, a total of nine bacterial strains were isolated capable of degrading petrol, kerosene and diesel with varying tolerance capacities, the isolates were identify by using standard biochemical test and morphological studies and it was determined that these strains belong to six bacterial genera .the present study suggest that the isolated bacterial species could be employed for bioremediation in environment polluted with petroleum and its products, indigenously from the soil and water contaminated with crude oil in the vicinity of oil drilling well were found to be most efficient crude oil utilize as turbidity observed by spectrophotometrically. In the various study of lipolytic bacteria concluded that the taken of oil contaminated soil from from petroleum bunk and to identify their biochemical characterization by using various sources. How it’s helpful for characterize by using of lipolytic bacteria

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27

Adamson, David T., Grayson Uhlir, Sharon R. Rauch, Tessa Klein, and Anthony S. Danko. "Trends in 1,4‐Dioxane Analyses: Implications for Identification and Characterization of Contaminated Groundwater Sites." Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 41, no. 3 (February 8, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12427.

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28

Aqeel, Amna, Zahid Hussain, Qurat-Ul-Ain Aqeel, Javaria Zafar, Naureen Ehsan, and Mahnoor Tariq. "Enrichment and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria from Various Oil-Contaminated Sites in Pakistan." Geomicrobiology Journal 38, no. 7 (April 7, 2021): 577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2021.1903625.

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29

Anderson, Craig R., and Gregory M. Cook. "Isolation and Characterization of Arsenate-Reducing Bacteria from Arsenic-Contaminated Sites in New Zealand." Current Microbiology 48, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-003-4205-3.

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30

Gnimavo, Ronald, Alban Besnard, Horace Degnonvi, Juliana Pipoli Da Fonseca, Marie Kempf, Christian Roch Johnson, Alexandra Boccarossa, Yao Télesphore Brou, Laurent Marsollier, and Estelle Marion. "Molecular and epidemiological characterization of recurrent Mycobacterium ulcerans infections in Benin." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 12 (December 28, 2021): e0010053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010053.

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Background Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, an environmental mycobacterium. Although transmission of M. ulcerans remains poorly understood, the main identified risk factor for acquiring Buruli ulcer is living in proximity of potentially contaminated water sources. Knowledge about the clinical features of Buruli ulcer and its physiopathology is increasing, but little is known about recurrence due to reinfection. Methodology/Principal findings We describe two patients with Buruli ulcer recurrence due to reinfection with M. ulcerans, as demonstrated by comparisons of DNA from the strains isolated at the time of the first diagnosis and at recurrence. Based on the spatial distribution of M. ulcerans genotypes in this region and a detailed study of the behavior of these two patients with respect to sources of water as well as water bodies and streams, we formulated hypotheses concerning the sites at which they may have been contaminated. Conclusions/Significance Second episodes of Buruli ulcer may occur through reinfection, relapse or a paradoxical reaction. We formally demonstrated that the recurrence in these two patients was due to reinfection. Based on the sites at which the patients reported engaging in activities relating to water, we were able to identify possible sites of contamination. Our findings indicate that the non-random distribution of M. ulcerans genotypes in this region may provide useful information about activities at risk.

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31

Chang, Yun-Juan, Aaron D. Peacock, Philip E. Long, John R. Stephen, James P. McKinley, Sarah J. Macnaughton, A. K. M. Anwar Hussain, Arnold M. Saxton, and David C. White. "Diversity and Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Groundwater at a Uranium Mill Tailings Site." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 3149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.7.3149-3160.2001.

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ABSTRACT Microbially mediated reduction and immobilization of U(VI) to U(IV) plays a role in both natural attenuation and accelerated bioremediation of uranium-contaminated sites. To realize bioremediation potential and accurately predict natural attenuation, it is important to first understand the microbial diversity of such sites. In this paper, the distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in contaminated groundwater associated with a uranium mill tailings disposal site at Shiprock, N.Mex., was investigated. Two culture-independent analyses were employed: sequencing of clone libraries of PCR-amplified dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) gene fragments and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarker analysis. A remarkable diversity among the DSR sequences was revealed, including sequences from δ-Proteobacteria, gram-positive organisms, and theNitrospira division. PLFA analysis detected at least 52 different mid-chain-branched saturate PLFA and included a high proportion of 10me16:0. Desulfotomaculum andDesulfotomaculum-like sequences were the most dominant DSR genes detected. Those belonging to SRB within δ-Proteobacteria were mainly recovered from low-uranium (≤302 ppb) samples. OneDesulfotomaculum-like sequence cluster overwhelmingly dominated high-U (>1,500 ppb) sites. Logistic regression showed a significant influence of uranium concentration over the dominance of this cluster of sequences (P = 0.0001). This strong association indicates that Desulfotomaculum has remarkable tolerance and adaptation to high levels of uranium and suggests the organism's possible involvement in natural attenuation of uranium. The in situ activity level of Desulfotomaculum in uranium-contaminated environments and its comparison to the activities of other SRB and other functional groups should be an important area for future research.

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32

Bekele, Gessesse Kebede, Solomon Abera Gebrie, Ebrahim M. Abda, Gebiru Sinshaw, Simatsidk Haregu, Zemene Worku Negie, Mesfin Tafesse, and Fasil Assefa. "Kerosene Biodegradation by Highly Efficient Indigenous Bacteria Isolated From Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites." Microbiology Insights 16 (January 2023): 117863612211507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786361221150759.

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Kerosene is widely used in Ethiopia as a household fuel (for lighting and heating), as a solvent in paint and grease, and as a lubricant in glass cutting. It causes environmental pollution and escorts to loss of ecological functioning and health problems. Therefore, this research was designed to isolate, identify, and characterize indigenous kerosene-degrading bacteria that are effective in cleaning ecological units that have been contaminated by kerosene. Soil samples were collected from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites (flower farms, garages, and old-aged asphalt roads) and spread-plated on mineral salt medium (Bushnell Hass Mineral Salts Agar Medium: BHMS), which consists of kerosene as the only carbon source. Seven kerosene-degrading bacterial species were isolated, 2 from flower farms, 3 from garage areas, and 2 from asphalt areas. Three genera from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites were identified, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter using biochemical characterization and the Biolog database. Growth studies in the presence of various concentrations of kerosene (1% and 3% v/v) showed that the bacterial isolates could metabolize kerosene as energy and biomass. Thereby, a gravimetric study was performed on bacterial strains that proliferated well on a BHMS medium with kerosene. Remarkably, bacterial isolates were able to degrade 5% kerosene from 57.2% to 91% in 15 days. Moreover, 2 of the most potent isolates, AUG2 and AUG1, resulted in 85% and 91% kerosene degradation, respectively, when allowed to grow on a medium containing kerosene. In addition, 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that strain AAUG1 belonged to Bacillus tequilensis, whereas isolate AAUG showed the highest similarity to Bacillus subtilis. Therefore, these indigenous bacterial isolates have the potential to be applied for kerosene removal from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites and the development of remediation approaches.

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33

Canu, Marta, Paolo Mulè, Erminio Spanu, Stefania Fanni, Alessandro Marrone, and Gianluca Carboni. "Hemp Cultivation in Soils Polluted by Cd, Pb and Zn in the Mediterranean Area: Sites Characterization and Phytoremediation in Real Scale Settlement." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 3548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073548.

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Polluting activities affect, directly or indirectly, large areas of agricultural lands. Metal polluted soils could be managed by phytoremediation using hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). To know the phytoremediation capability of industrial hemp in metal polluted soils under semiarid environments, an experimental project with the support of local farmers was conducted in Sardinia (Italy). This work was carried out in three main steps: (i) identification and selection of the study sites, (ii) field trials, at local farms, both on contaminated and non-polluted sites, (iii) evaluation of heavy metals contents accumulated in the different parts of the plants. Five study sites were chosen. Three of them were severely polluted by heavy metals. Concentrations of Zn and Cd in plants generally were positively correlated with soil content and were different in each part of the plant. The higher values of Zn and Cd were detected in leaves of plants grown in polluted sites (Zn > 950 mg kg−1 and Cd > 6.8 mg kg−1). High values of Pb were also detected in plants grown in non-contaminated soils: this contamination may be due to atmospheric deposition related to polluting sources far to the cultivation.

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34

Senevirathna, S. T. M. L. D., K. C. Bal Krishna, Reza Mahinroosta, and Arumugam Sathasivan. "Comparative characterization of microbial communities that inhabit PFAS-rich contaminated sites: A case-control study." Journal of Hazardous Materials 423 (February 2022): 126941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126941.

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35

Patra, Ramesh C., Seidu Malik, Michael Beer, Mallavarapu Megharaj, and Ravi Naidu. "Molecular characterization of chromium (VI) reducing potential in Gram positive bacteria isolated from contaminated sites." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 42, no. 10 (October 2010): 1857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.005.

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36

Li, Jiangwei, Anyi Hu, Shijie Bai, Xiaoyong Yang, Qian Sun, Xu Liao, and Chang-Ping Yu. "Characterization and Performance of Lactate-Feeding Consortia for Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethene." Microorganisms 9, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040751.

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Understanding the underlying mechanism that drives the microbial community mediated by substrates is crucial to enhance the biostimulation in trichloroethene (TCE)-contaminated sites. Here, we investigated the performance of stable TCE-dechlorinating consortia by monitoring the variations in TCE-related metabolites and explored their underlying assembly mechanisms using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analyses. The monitoring results indicated that three stable TCE-dechlorinating consortia were successfully enriched by lactate-containing anaerobic media. The statistical analysis results demonstrated that the microbial communities of the enrichment cultures changed along with time and were distinguished by their sample sources. The deterministic and stochastic processes were simultaneously responsible for shaping the TCE-dechlorinating community assembly. The indicator patterns shifted with the exhaustion of the carbon source and the pollutants, and the tceA-carrying Dehalococcoides, as an indicator for the final stage samples, responded positively to TCE removal during the incubation period. Pseudomonas, Desulforhabdus, Desulfovibrio and Methanofollis were identified as keystone populations in the TCE-dechlorinating process by co-occurrence network analysis. The results of this study indicate that lactate can be an effective substrate for stimulated bioremediation of TCE-contaminated sites, and the reduction of the stochastic forces or enhancement of the deterministic interventions may promote more effective biostimulation.

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D. Albino, John, and Indumathi M. Nambi. "Partial Characterization of Biosurfactant Produced under Anaerobic Conditions by Pseudomonas sp ANBIOSURF-1." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.623.

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In-situ applications such as Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) and remediation of contaminated sites demand production of biosurfactants in large quantities under oxygen limiting conditions. Few microorganisms have been isolated so far which can cater such need. In this paper, the characteristics of a biosurfactant produced under complete anaerobic conditions are presented. A novel biosurfactant producing microorganism, Pseudomonas sp ANBIOSURF-1 was isolated in our laboratory, from a microbial consortium enriched from municipal sewage sludge. The microorganism utilized vegetable oils and produced biosurfactant under complete anaerobic conditions. TLC tests revealed the presence of sugar and lipid as hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties respectively. The biosurfactant synthesized under anaerobic condition thus belonged to class of glycolipids similar to that of rhamnolipids. The biosurfactant had a very low CMC value of 52 mg/l. The biosurfactant displayed good emulsifying activity over chlorinated solvents than the petroleum derivatives. The results suggest that Pseudomonas sp ANBIOSURF-1 could potentially be used for remediation of sites contaminated with chlorinated solvents through in-situ biosurfactant production.

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Ajayi Funmi Agnes and Fatoye Abiodun Olaniyi. "Microbiological and chemical evaluation of acid mine drainage from mining sites in Southwestern, Nigeria." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.2.0137.

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Microbial content of acid mine drainage effluents contaminated streams from some geographical areas was evaluated. Water was obtained from acid mine drainage sites in Ekiti and Osun state where twelve (12) samples were obtained from different locations. Culture plating method was used to analyze the samples for bacteria, and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine heavy metals such as Cd, Co, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu and Mn. The results of biochemical and morphological characterization of the isolates revealed three probable bacterial from the samples which are Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus aureus; B. subtilis being the bacteria with the highest percentage frequency of occurrence. Heavy metals analysis of the mine drains shows that the concentration of Cd, Co, Pb, Cr and Zn exceeded permissible limit set by WHO except Cu and Mn. The results of this study established the presence of bacterial and heavy metals in acid mine drainage sites, which is an indication that the acid mine effluents are contaminated. It is therefore essential for proper dissemination of information concerning the dangers these microbes and heavy metals could pose to human.

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Ren, Lixia, Hongwei Lu, Li He, and Yimei Zhang. "Characterization of monochlorobenzene contamination in soils using geostatistical interpolation and 3D visualization for agrochemical industrial sites in southeast China." Archives of Environmental Protection 42, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2016-0025.

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Abstract Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) originating from agrochemical industries have become an urgent environmental problem worldwide. Ordinary kriging, as an optimal geostatistical interpolation technique, has been proved to be sufficiently robust for estimating values with finite sampled data in most of the cases. In this study, ordinary kriging interpolation integrate with 3D visualization methods is applied to characterize the monochlorobenzene contaminated soil for an agrochemical industrial site located in Jiangsu province. Based on 944 soil samples collected by Geoprobe 540MT and monitored by SGS environmental monitoring services, 3D visualization in terms of the spatial distribution of pollutants in potentially contaminated soil, the extent and severity of the pollution levels in different layers, high concentration levels and isolines of monochlorobenzene concentrations in this area are provided. From the obtained results, more information taking into account the spatial heterogeneity of soil area will be helpful for decision makers to develop and implement the soil remediation strategy in the future.

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Mukherjee, Kaoushik K. "Isolation and characterization of Arsenic tolerant fungal strains from contaminated sites around urban environment of Kolkata." IOSR Journal Of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology 7, no. 5 (2013): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-0753337.

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Bekele, Gessesse Kebede, Solomon Abera Gebrie, Eshetu Mekonen, Tekle Tafese Fida, Adugna Abdi Woldesemayat, Ebrahim M. Abda, Mesfin Tafesse, and Fasil Assefa. "Isolation and Characterization of Diesel-Degrading Bacteria from Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites, Flower Farms, and Soda Lakes." International Journal of Microbiology 2022 (January 21, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5655767.

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Hydrocarbon-derived pollutants are becoming one of the most concerning ecological issues. Thus, there is a need to investigate and develop innovative, low-cost, eco-friendly, and fast techniques to reduce and/or eliminate pollutants using biological agents. The study was conducted to isolate, characterize, and identify potential diesel-degrading bacteria. Samples were collected from flower farms, lakeshores, old aged garages, asphalt, and bitumen soils and spread on selective medium (Bushnell Haas mineral salt agar) containing diesel as the growth substrate. The isolates were characterized based on their growth patterns using optical density measurement, biochemical tests, and gravimetric analysis and identified using the Biolog database and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques. Subsequently, six diesel degraders were identified and belong to Pseudomonas, Providencia, Roseomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, and Bacillus. Among these, based on gravimetric analysis, the three potent isolates AAUW23, AAUG11, and AAUG36 achieved 84%, 83.4%, and 83% diesel degradation efficiency, respectively, in 15 days. Consequently, the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the two most potent bacterial strains (AAUW23 and AAUG11) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while AAUG36 was Bacillus subtilis. This study demonstrated that bacterial species isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated and/or uncontaminated environments could be optimized to be used as potential bioremediation agents for diesel removal.

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Yu, Hui, and Guo He Huang. "Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-and Bioemulsifier-Producing Bacteria from Petroleum Contaminated Sites in Western Canada." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 20, no. 3 (April 21, 2011): 274–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2011.560981.

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Kao, Nien-Hsin, Ming-Chien Su, Chih-Chun Yen, and Yu-Jen Huang. "A characterization of the soils and sediments in contaminated sites and rivers using petroleum biomarker compounds." Journal of Soils and Sediments 19, no. 1 (May 24, 2018): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2033-0.

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Navdeep, Sidhu. "The Isolation & Characterization of Several Strains of Naphthalene Degrading Bacteria obtained from oil-contaminated sites." IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 5, no. 2 (2013): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3008-0522328.

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Skjennum, Karen Ane, Helen K. French, Pasquale Carotenuto, and Gudny Okkenhaug. "Combined Column Test for Characterization of Leaching and Transport of Trace Elements in Contaminated Soils." Water 15, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15050874.

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Environmental assessments are required prior to remediation and redevelopment of contaminated sites. To date, regulatory guidelines are commonly based on total concentrations. Occasionally, simple leaching procedures are included in environmental assessment. Despite being essential for quantification of contaminant transport, analysis of hydraulic conductivity is rarely considered. Cost-effective methods that reflect both contaminant leaching and hydrogeological properties of contaminated soils are needed to ensure proper soil management. The aim of this study was to simultaneously evaluate contaminant leaching and hydraulic conductivity in soil using a combined column test (CCT) and compare this to the leaching results from batch tests (BT) and transport estimates derived from the empirical Hazen equation. Two soils of different origin were characterized using the CCT. By including physical and chemical factors affecting the release and retention of contaminants, the CCT provides an integrated assessment of leaching and transport of trace elements from soils. Additionally, the effect of soil compaction was investigated as a physical treatment to reduce leaching and transport in contaminated soils. Soil compaction did not demonstrate reduced leaching, but a less extensive contaminant transport was observed due to reduced hydraulic conductivity in the soil.

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Yakasai, Mohd Hafeez, Mohd Fadhil Abd Rahman, Mohd Badrin Hanizam Abd Rahim, Mohd Ezuan Khayat, Nor Aripin Shamaan, and Mohd Yunus Shukor. "Isolation and characterization of a metal-reducing Pseudomonas sp. strain 135 with amide-degrading capability." Bioremediation Science and Technology Research 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/bstr.v5i2.361.

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The presence of both heavy metals and organic xenobiotic pollutants in a contaminated site justifies the application of either a multitude of microbial degraders or microorganisms having the capacity to detoxify a number of pollutants at the same time. Molybdenum is an essential heavy metal that is toxic to ruminants at a high level. Ruminants such as cow and goats experience severe hypocuprosis leading to scouring and death at a concentration as low as several parts per million. In this study, a molybdenum-reducing bacterium with amide-degrading capacity has been isolated from contaminated soils. The bacterium, using glucose as the best electron donor reduces molybdenum in the form of sodium molybdate to molybdenum blue. The maximal pH reduction occurs between 6.0 and 6.3, and the bacterium showed an excellent reduction in temperatures between 25 and 40 oC. The reduction was maximal at molybdate concentrations of between 15 and 25 mM. Molybdenum reduction incidentally was inhibited by several toxic heavy metals. Other carbon sources including toxic xenobiotics such as amides were screened for their ability to support molybdate reduction. Of all the amides, only acrylamide can support molybdenum reduction. The other amides; such as acetamide and propionamide can support growth. Analysis using phylogenetic analysis resulted in a tentative identification of the bacterium as Pseudomonas sp. strain 135. This bacterium is essential in remediating sites contaminated with molybdenum, especially in agricultural soil co-contaminated with acrylamide, a known soil stabilizer.

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Luca, Carol, Bing C. Si, and Richard E. Farrell. "Assessing spatial distribution and joint uncertainty of TPH-fractions: Indicator kriging and sequential indicator simulation." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, no. 5 (November 1, 2007): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07003.

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Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination is one of the most common contaminants in soils and remediation of PHC-contaminated sites requires methods for characterizing the spatial distribution of PHC on a site. Few studies have compared the performance of indicator kriging (IK) and sequential indicator simulation (SIS) in site characterization of petroleum-contaminated sites, or the application of these methods given the fraction based guidelines. The objectives of this study were to determine if IK and SIS indicate similar contaminated areas and to examine how the probability of exceeding thresholds changes when multiple fractions are considered simultaneously. An abandoned refinery near Kamsack, Saskatchewan, characterized by clay-textured soils was sampled and analyzed for PHC fractions (F2 and F3). The probability of a location exceeding a fraction’s remediation criteria was determined using IK and SIS. Based on critical probability thresholds, IK indicated a greater area was contaminated by F2 (6.3%) and F3 (0.8%) than SIS (4.5 and 0.6%, respectively). When the remediation criteria for both F2 and F3 were considered simultaneously, “dependent” and “independent” cases were examined. The dependent case assumed perfect correlation and used the maximum probability of either F2 or F3 as the new estimate. The independent case assumed no correlation and evaluated the probability of F2 > 2500 mg kg–1 or F3 > 6600 mg kg–1. The dependent case resulted in a smaller contaminated area than the independent case in both IK and SIS. On this site the differences between the two methods were small, although IK did smooth the distribution. Key words: Sequential indicator simulation, indicator kriging, geostatics, petroleum hydrocarbon contamination, uncertainty

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Vojtková, Hana, Romana Janulková, and Pavla Švanová. "Phenotypic characterization of pseudomonas bacteria isolated from polluted sites of Ostrava, Czech Republic." GeoScience Engineering 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10205-011-0019-x.

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Abstract The environment of industrial cities is usually exposed to extreme impacts of anthropogenic contamination originating from fossil fuel combustion, road traffic, industry, ore mining and dressing. The degradation potential of contaminated soils greatly depends on the diversity and function of the microbial ecosystem in the given locality; in individual communities, it is possible to diagnose identical as well as different characteristics of specific bacterial strains. From the real soil samples within the City of Ostrava, namely localities strained by industrial activities, new strains were isolated and compared on the grounds of biochemical identification results using a modern system of BIOLOG MicroStation. Basic characteristics of the new isolated strains are stated, which document their phenotypic diversity not only on the level of the Pseudomonas genus but also on the level of the individual species. The differences in the physiological parameters of isolated strains are attributed to the capacities of the soil microorganisms to adapt to the polluted environment conditions. The paper offers an overview of the significance of phenotypic characterization for identification of microorganisms and their correct taxonomic classification.

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Wei, Yan Fei, Zhong Zhong, Zhen Yu Gu, Zhi Qiu, Chang Bo Zhang, and Fu Cheng Sun. "Chemical Oxidation Treatment for Semi Volatile Organic Compounds Contaminated Brownfield Site: A Case Study." Advanced Materials Research 414 (December 2011): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.414.317.

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Brownfield, as a result of old and polluting industries being relocated away from urban areas, is an emerging problem since these contaminated lands pose and obstacle to urban and economic development. Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) are common contaminants found in brownfield sites that used to be manufacturing industries or agrochemical plants. Chemical oxidation has the potential to provide rapid, cost-effective treatment for brownfield contaminated with SVOCs. In this study, a pilot study of chemical oxidation was demonstrated for brownfield remediation in a specific site that used to be an agrochemical plant in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Preliminary site characterization suggested that the site was primarily contaminated by o-anisidine and its derivatives with trace amount of o-nitrochlorobenzene and other chemicals. The contaminants soil was pretreated and mixed with two selected oxidants at different soil-to-oxidant ratio. Soil samples were collected and analyzed before and after the treatments to compare the concentration changes of primary contaminants. The results showed that combinations of TA-1 oxidant and AOP-2 oxidant with several different ratios could provide 90% or more removal of targeted contaminants in two weeks, with an average cost of oxidants per ton of soil around 400 RMB. This is the first report for brownfield remediation case study in Zhejiang since “Clean Soil Action” was initiated by Zhejiang Provincial Government. The successful treatment for SVOCs contaminated brownfield in this study would promote chemical oxidation treatment to be employed in brownfield sites with similar situations in Zhejiang province in the future.

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Khan, Shamiyan R., JI Nirmal Kumar, Rita N. Kumar, and Jignasha G. Patel. "An Assessment Of Physicochemical Properties, Heavy Metal Enrichment And Fungal Characterization Of Refined Kerosene Impacted Soil In Anand, Gujarat, India." International Journal of Environment 2, no. 1 (December 2, 2013): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9219.

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The present study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical properties, heavy metal enrichment and fungal isolation and characterization of the top soil samples collected in-situ from aged refined kerosene contaminated as well as uncontaminated garden soil sites in Anand, Gujarat, India. The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations were 17,510 mg/kg in kerosene contaminated soil against 142.65 mg/kg for uncontaminated soils. The contamination increased the soil organic carbon, nitrogen and clay to 2.95 %, 0.612 %, 36.22 % as compared to 1.5%, 0.153%, 32.4% respectively in the uncontaminated soil. Increased concentration of heavy metals like Cobalt, Copper, Iron, Zinc and Lead against the uncontaminated soil was encountered. Ten native fungal speciesbelonging to a total of five genera include Aspergillus (A. terreus, A. versicolor, A. niger); Fusarium oxysporum; Penicilliumjanthinellum from the uncontaminated garden soil, whereas the contaminated soil included Aspergillus (A. terreus, A. versicolor , A. niger) Candida tropicalis,Cladosporiumbruhnei and Fusarium oxysporum, identified based on 18S rRNA and the nucleotide sequences were submitted to the NCBI, GenBank database. The changes created by kerosene contamination resulted in variation in individual concentrations of physicochemical properties, soil conductivity, pH and soil fertility indices probably dwindle the growth of fungal strains causing a reduction in the fungal population in the kerosene contaminated soil. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 164-174 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9219

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