Journal articles: 'Characteristic rules'

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Citkin, Alex. "Characteristic Inference Rules." Logica Universalis 9, no. 1 (February 25, 2015): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11787-015-0116-x.

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Ren, LuQuan, and YunHong Liang. "Biological couplings: Classification and characteristic rules." Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 52, no. 10 (September 12, 2009): 2791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-009-0325-8.

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Xu, Yuan. "Generalized Characteristic Polynomials and Gaussian Cubature Rules." SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 36, no. 3 (January 2015): 1129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/140972810.

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ALUFFI, PAOLO, and MATILDE MARCOLLI. "ALGEBRO-GEOMETRIC FEYNMAN RULES." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 08, no. 01 (February 2011): 203–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887811005099.

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We give a general procedure to construct "algebro-geometric Feynman rules", that is, characters of the Connes–Kreimer Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs that factor through a Grothendieck ring of immersed conical varieties, via the class of the complement of the affine graph hypersurface. In particular, this maps to the usual Grothendieck ring of varieties, defining "motivic Feynman rules". We also construct an algebro-geometric Feynman rule with values in a polynomial ring, which does not factor through the usual Grothendieck ring, and which is defined in terms of characteristic classes of singular varieties. This invariant recovers, as a special value, the Euler characteristic of the projective graph hypersurface complement. The main result underlying the construction of this invariant is a formula for the characteristic classes of the join of two projective varieties. We discuss the BPHZ renormalization procedure in this algebro-geometric context and some motivic zeta functions arising from the partition functions associated to motivic Feynman rules.

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Liu, Yu-Chin, and Ping-Yu Hsu. "Discovering Accurate and Common Characteristic Rules from Large Tables." Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 17, no. 1 (January 2011): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10798587.2011.10643131.

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Pang, Gui Bing, D. Chen, Fei Teng, Ze Fei Wei, and Wen Ji Xu. "Surface Topography Characteristic and Statistical Characteristic of 1Cr18Ni9Ti Polished by Electrochemical Polishing." Materials Science Forum 626-627 (August 2009): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.626-627.309.

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The surface quality of components has the important influence on the components’ operational performance, characteristic of the geometry topography and statistical Characteristic is the important aspect of the surface quality. This study takes the arithmetic mean deviation of the assessed profile (Ra) to reflect the altitude characteristic of the surface profile, takes the mean width of the profile elements (Sm) to reflect the width characteristic of the surface profile, takes the material ratio of the profile (tp) to reflect the shape characteristic of the surface profile and takes the altitude density function φ(z) and autocorrelation function R(l) to reflect the statistical characteristic. Four groups of experiments are carried out in which 1Cr18Ni9Ti is taken as the material object of the test piece and test pieces with different initial surface roughness are polished. By experiment, the changing rules of the value of Ra, Sm, tp, φ(z) and R(l) after different polishing time are obtained. By analyzing the changing rules of Ra, Sm, tp, φ(z) and R(l), the influence of the Electrochemical Polishing (ECP) process on the surface geometry and statistical characteristic is obtained.

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Hampton, James A. "Rules and similarity – a false dichotomy." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 1 (February 2005): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05350011.

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Unless restricted to explicitly held, sharable beliefs that control and justify a person's behavior, the notion of a rule has little value as an explanatory concept. Similarity-based processing is a general characteristic of the mind-world interface where internal processes (including explicitly represented rules) act on the external world. The distinction between rules and similarity is therefore misconceived.

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Zhu, Tian Xiang, Dan Zhang, Xin Liu, and Guang Kun Ma. "Discovery Algorithm of Classification Characteristic Rule Based on Cloud Database." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 2514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.2514.

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Massive data stored in a cloud database, in which lots of potential and valuable knowledge exist. In this paper, the data model of the cloud database is analyzed. Through analyzing, classifying, the common features of the data are extracted and form a feature data set, from which the new knowledge can be found. In the paper, the basic model based on the classification characteristic rules of the cloud database is defined, and the discovery algorithm of the classification characteristic rules is presented.

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Płowucha, Wojciech, and Władysław Jakubiec. "Theory and Practice of Uncertainty Evaluation of Coordinate Measurements." Key Engineering Materials 613 (May 2014): 344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.613.344.

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Long-lasting works on the ISO 15530 series can be a proof for complexity of uncertainty evaluation of coordinate measurements for different characteristics defined according to the rules of geometrical product specification (GPS). Even the best known procedures (using the calibrated workpiece and using computer simulation) have not been implemented widely. The authors have elaborated the methodology and the software (EMU-CMMUncertaintyTM) which makes possible evaluation of the measurement uncertainty with less effort. The software has been developed with following assumptions. Uncertainty budget includes influences of particular geometrical errors of the CMM, probing system errors as well as temperature errors. Applied algorithms use type B method according to the rules of GUM. Uncertainty is analysed separately for each characteristic (task-specific approach). Uncertainty of measurement for particular characteristic is calculated with the formula describing the characteristic as a function of differences of coordinates of characteristic points of the workpiece. The paper presents some new details concerning formulation of uncertainty budget. Among others the methodology is presented for estimation of uncertainty component arising from the fact that some characteristic points are not integral features (surface points) but derived features (axes points).

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Fajarina, Maskhurin. "Mastering Teaching English For Young Learners." Wacana Didaktika 5, no. 01 (June 30, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.5.01.1-11.

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Teaching language to old learners is different from teaching language to young learners. Young learners have certain characteristics which are different from old learners so those influence their acquiring a foreign language. Teaching foreign language is easy if we understand the rules well. The rules are understanding characteristics of our students, mastering some suitable methods, and choosing suitable material. Young learners have certain characteristic distinguishing to the older learners. Related to the certain characteristics, the teacher must understand to differentiate the method they use in teaching English as a foreign language to the young learners. To empower the teaching, the teacher must master the material well

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Ma, Xin Lei, and Yong Feng Guo. "Research on Fuzzy Control Automotive Electronic Power Steering Characteristic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.329.

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The driving stability and comfort-ability are directly influenced by steering system, and it is a critical component in an automobile. Torsion bar torque sensor signal and the vehicle speed signal are used to calculate the assisting torque that on the motor shaft. The rules about how to calculate desired torque signal is very important for driving portability and stability. Influence of motor control strategy on assisting response characteristic. In this paper adaptive fuzzy control rules is proposed for the assisting characteristic and power motor. Base on assistance characteristic and assistance motor fuzzy control is designed. Fuzzy information processing torque signal, vehicle speed signal, with MATLAB simulation contrast experiment, and the result validation the fuzzy controller.

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Petrov, Aleksander, Aleksander Bauken, and Denis Malienko. "CHARACTERISTIC OF CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL TECHNICAL AND LEGAL RULES." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Law" 16, no. 2 (2016): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/law160209.

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Liu, Hengli, Taiyong Wang, and Dong Wang. "Constant Cutting Force Control for CNC Machining Using Dynamic Characteristic-Based Fuzzy Controller." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/406294.

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This paper presents a dynamic characteristic-based fuzzy adaptive control algorithm (DCbFACA) to avoid the influence of cutting force changing rapidly on the machining stability and precision. The cutting force is indirectly obtained in real time by monitoring and extraction of the motorized spindle current, the feed speed is fuzzy adjusted online, and the current was used as a feedback to control cutting force and maintain the machining process stable. Different from the traditional fuzzy control methods using the experience-based control rules, and according to the complex nonlinear characteristics of CNC machining, the power bond graph method is implemented to describe the dynamic characteristics of process, and then the appropriate variation relations are achieved between current and feed speed, and the control rules are optimized and established based on it. The numerical results indicated that DCbFACA can make the CNC machining process more stable and improve the machining precision.

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Teixeira, Angelo P., C. Guedes Soares, Nian-Zhong Chen, and Ge Wang. "Uncertainty Analysis of Load Combination Factors for Global Longitudinal Bending Moments of Double-hull Tankers." Journal of Ship Research 57, no. 01 (March 1, 2013): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2013.57.1.42.

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The present article aims at assessing the probabilistic characteristics of the load combination factors for global longitudinal bending moments of double-hull tankers. The calculations are performed based on a sample of oil tankers representative of the range of application of the Association of Classification Societies' (IACS)–Common Structural Rules (CSR) design rules. The article starts by reviewing the probabilistic models that have been proposed to model stillwater and wave-induced loads and their characteristic extreme values. Different load combination methods are also reviewed including an analytical method that provides the combined characteristic value of stillwater and wave-induced bending moments based on the Poisson assumption for upcrossing events and using the first-order reliability method in combination with the point-crossing method. The predictions of the different load combination methods are assessed on the basis of a sample of five oil tankers adopted during the IACS-CSR design rules development process. A parametric and an uncertainty propagation study are then performed to identify the range of variation and the probabilistic models of the load combination factors that are applicable to double-hull tankers.

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Alfirevic, Djordje. "Customary rules of the Rajac wine cellars construction." Spatium, no. 24 (2011): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1124051a.

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This paper considers the possibility of implementing the customary rules of construction and organization of the Rajac wine cellars, as well as whether and to what extent they have been implemented so far. Wine cellars of the village of Rajac are a unique example of ethno-architecture in the Republic of Serbia and its surrounding. They are under the protection regime as a rare spatial cultural-historical entity, i.e. cultural property of exceptional importance to Serbia. The paper analyzes various elements of spatial development and structure, as well as specific characteristics of construction carried out by migrant workers. Considering that customary rules of construction are found in some other complexes of folk architecture in the immediate and broader surrounding of the Republic of Serbia (Korcula, Dubrovnik and Ilok in the Republic of Croatia), it has been indicated, based on comparative analysis, that it is possible that the same rules as those implemented during the foundation and development of the Rajac wine cellars have also been implemented later during their renovation by introducing new architectural principles through characteristic way of construction of Macedonian craftsmen-builders - migrant workers.

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Байдарова, Марина, and Marina Baydarova. "Purpose as the main characteristic of legal exceptions." Advances in Law Studies 7, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5d1290f322c445.62146197.

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The concept of the goal is determined by the conscious formation of guidelines that are laid on the basis of knowledge, experience and needs of the individual. The author analyzes the purposes of exceptions through the prism of the mechanism of legal regulation, which indicates that exceptions are the means of legal impact on social relations expressed in the rules of law.

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Jia, Chun-Hua, Li-Ying Zhu, and Eunhee Park. "Research on characteristic manifestations of Xiaochaihu decoction based on association rules mining." World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 5, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_9_19.

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Jorgensen, Palle, Erin Pearse, and Feng Tian. "Unbounded operators in Hilbert space, duality rules, characteristic projections, and their applications." Analysis and Mathematical Physics 8, no. 3 (May 17, 2017): 351–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13324-017-0173-9.

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Pryima, S. V. "A legal norm: general theoretical characteristic." Problems of Legality, no. 155 (December 20, 2021): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.155.243848.

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The article carries out a general theoretical research of the legal norms. It is emphasized that a legal norm is one of the key concepts of the theory of law, and the importance of a detailed study of the problems of legal norms is due primarily to the fact that the law has such feature as normativity. It is noted that the issue of regulating the behavior of subjects through the legal norms is especially relevant in the legal field, because the fulfillment of the requirements of these rules depends on the state of order of public relations, that is law and order. A legal norm is defined as a fixed in the sources of law binding general rule, which determines the standard of obligatory or permitted behavior or the consequences of its violation in the field of crucial social relations, the effective action of which is ensured by the state. The features of legal norms are considered in two aspects: 1) the features of legal norms that are common to the features of other social norms; 2) specific features of legal norms. The features of the first group include the following: the norms of law are the rules of behavior that regulate social relations and normalize social communication; are socially determined rules of behavior; ensure stability and order in society; are typical models of behavior; have a general character; are created and realized due to human will and mind; supported by remedies of influence (sanctions) in case of violation. The second group is formed by the following features: the norms of law are the primary, elementary components of law; they establish a standard of lawful behavior of a person and determine the consequences of its violation; regulate the special area of social relations, which are most important for the existence, development and functioning of society; have an official state-authoritative character; are binding, supported by the possibility of state coercion; have specific sources of expression. It is also emphasized that the norms of law are fixed in official sources not directly, but through a special form of its external expression – normative-law prescriptions, with which they relate as content and form. On this basis, a normative-law prescription is defined as a written, logically complete legal provision formulated by an authorized subject, which establishes a rule of behavior in a specific source of law and is a technical and legal remedy of formal expression of a legal norm.

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CHUA, LEON O., VALERY I. SBITNEV, and SOOK YOON. "A NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PERSPECTIVE OF WOLFRAM'S NEW KIND OF SCIENCE PART V: FRACTALS EVERYWHERE." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 12 (December 2005): 3701–849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405014775.

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This fifth installment is devoted to an in-depth study of CA Characteristic Functions, a unified global representation for all 256 one-dimensional Cellular Automata local rules. Except for eight rather special local rules whose global dynamics are described by an affine (mod 1) function of only one binary cell state variable, all characteristic functions exhibit a fractal geometry where self-similar two-dimensional substructures manifest themselves, ad infinitum, as the number of cells (I + 1) → ∞. In addition to a complete gallery of time-1 characteristic functions for all 256 local rules, an accompanying table of explicit formulas is given for generating these characteristic functions directly from binary bit-strings, as in a digital-to-analog converter. To illustrate the potential applications of these fundamental formulas, we prove rigorously that the "right-copycat" local rule [Formula: see text] is equivalent globally to the classic "left-shift" Bernoulli map. Similarly, we prove the "left-copycat" local rule [Formula: see text] is equivalent globally to the "right-shift" inverse Bernoulli map. Various geometrical and analytical properties have been identified from each characteristic function and explained rigorously. In particular, two-level stratified subpatterns found in most characteristic functions are shown to emerge if, and only if, b1 ≠ 0, where b1 is the "synaptic coefficient" associated with the cell differential equation developed in Part I. Gardens of Eden are derived from the decimal range of the characteristic function of each local rule and tabulated. Each of these binary strings has no predecessors (pre-image) and has therefore no past, but only the present and the future. Even more fascinating, many local rules are endowed with binary configurations which not only have no predecessors, but are also fixed points of the characteristic functions. To dramatize that such points have no past, and no future, they are henceforth christened "Isles of Eden". They too have been identified and tabulated.

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Fu, Xiaomeng, Pei Zhang, and Zhonghua Zhang. "Types, Distribution Characteristics, and Development Strategies of Rural Characteristic Industry in Xi’an Metropolitan Area." Journal of Geographical Research 5, no. 4 (November 11, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v5i4.5074.

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China’s urbanization development has entered the “second half”, which is at a critical stage of transition from the middle stages to the mature stage. The metropolitan area formed by the mega-city radiating the development of surrounding cities and counties is an important spatial carrier of urbanization. The rural characteristic industry is the main path to promote regional economic development and urban-rural integration in the metropolitan area. Exploring the development characteristics of rural characteristic industries in the metropolitan area has important theoretical and practical signifi cance for promoting the eff ective connection between urban-rural integration and rural revitalization of the metropolitan area and improving the development quality of the metropolitan area. Take the Xi’an metropolitan area as an example and adopt kernel density analysis and other methods to reveal the spatial diff erentiation rules of rural characteristic industries. On this basis, the three-dimensional development strategy of “industry-spatial-institutional” for the development of the rural characteristic industry is proposed, to provide theoretical reference for the development of rural characteristic industry in metropolitan areas.

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CHUA, LEON O., GIOVANNI EGIDIO PAZIENZA, LASZLO ORZO, VALERY I. SBITNEV, and JINWOOK SHIN. "A NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PERSPECTIVE OF WOLFRAM'S NEW KIND OF SCIENCE PART IX: QUASI-ERGODICITY." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 18, no. 09 (September 2008): 2487–642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127408021853.

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Our scientific odyssey through the theory of 1-D cellular automata is enriched by the definition of quasi-ergodicity, a new empirical property discovered by analyzing the time-1 return maps of local rules. Quasi-ergodicity plays a key role in the classification of rules into six groups: in fact, it is an exclusive characteristic of complex and hyper Bernoulli-shift rules. Besides introducing quasi-ergodicity, this paper answers several questions posed in the previous chapters of our quest. To start with, we offer a rigorous explanation of the fractal behavior of the time-1 characteristic functions, finding the equations that describe this phenomenon. Then, we propose a classification of rules according to the presence of Isles of Eden, and prove that only 28 local rules out of 256 do not have any of them; this result sheds light on the importance of Isles of Eden. A section of this paper is devoted to the characterization of Bernoulli basin-tree diagrams through modular arithmetic; the formulas obtained allow us to shorten drastically the number of cases to take into consideration during numerical simulations. Last but not least, we present some theorems about additive rules, including an analytical explanation of their scale-free property.

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Liu, Jin Kai, Chao Dong, Shi Qing Zhang, and Yong Zhang. "Research on the Rules of Overlying Rock Movement by Similar Material Simulation in Fully Mechanized Top Coal Caving Mining with High Cutting Height." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 1419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1419.

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In order to study overlying rock movement rules of fully mechanized top coal caving mining with high cutting height, taking 8100 working face of Tongxin mine as the engineering background, basing on the similarity theory and similarity simulation experiment, the paper analyzed overlburdens deformation, failure and movement laws after mining. Through research, results obtained first cave pace of immediate and basic roof, three zones characteristics and overburden displacement characteristic, which could provide a basis for coal mining under similar conditions, a reference for studying overburden movement rules of fully mechanized top coal caving mining with high cutting height and a guide for safe production.

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Hu, Jin Liang, Cai Qing Yue, Jian Sheng Li, and Jian Jing Shen. "Clinical Research of TCM Common Syndrome for Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease Based on Dynamic Kohonen Network and Decision Tree." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.469.

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To explore the essential characteristic of TCM syndromes for Chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD) The CPHD subjects were recruited from four TCM hospitalsrespirations department by means of clinical epidemiological method.The research dates were inputted with Epidata ver.3.1 and analyzed with dynamic Kohonen Network and Decision Tree adopted to analysis the common syndrome for CPHD. There were six common rules before rules transformed and main symptom and minor symptom for common syndrome setted. The diagnostic accuracy rate was72.2% The data mining technology could been used into the TCM syndrome characteristic research.

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Umami, Riza, Kosala Dwija Purnomo, and Firdaus Ubaidillah. "KAJIAN FRAKTAL i-FIBONACCI WORD GENERALISASI GANJIL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN L-SYSTEM." Majalah Ilmiah Matematika dan Statistika 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/mims.v19i1.17258.

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The i-Fibonacci Words are words over {0,1}. The i-Fibonacci Word can be associated with a fractal curve by using odd-even drawing rule and L-System methods, then also known as an i-Fibonacci Word fractal. L-System is one of methods that is used to create objects with repetitive self-similiarity. Framework of L-System consists of axiom and rules. L-System is a parallel rewriting system with existing rules. The purpose of this research is to look for the LSystem rules of i-Fibonacci Word special for odd i, then look how its characteristics. The LSystem rules for i-Fibonacci Word odd i are divided into two types, the rules for i=1 and the others odd i. The characteristic of i-Fibonacci Word fractal is the more generation and i value of fractal, then the more segments and archs of fractal curve. Next, the words of i-Fibonacci Word fractal segments number is a subwords of the i-Fibonacci Word digit numbers. It is also known that the fractal curve will be stretched as the decreased angle. Keywords: Fractal, i-Fibonacci Word, L-System

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Zhao, Lei, Yuan Li, and Yan Ping Wang. "A Computer Aided Assembly Sequence Evaluation Method Based on the Fuzzy Theory for the Complex Products." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.381.

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Aim at the characteristic of airplane assembly sequence evaluation, which has too many rules, and the quantity process of qualitative rules is too complicated, this paper presents an evaluation mode based on the fuzzy theory and the multi-index progressive model. According to the evaluation rules space and the coefficient distributed method of rules compared, it divides the rules space into force associated decision-making gather and weak associated decision-making gather by defining the cut value. Then it adopts the maximal subjection fundamental to implement the function of assembly sequence evaluation. An instance about airplane sub-assembly is used to prove this method can solve a practical application availably.

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Rimatskiy, V. V. "Globally Admissible Inference Rules." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Mathematics 42 (2022): 138–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/1997-7670.2022.42.138.

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Setting the basic rules of inference is fundamental to logic. The most general variant of possible inference rules are admissible inference rules: in logic 𝐿, a rule of inference is admissible if the set of theorems 𝐿 is closed with respect to this rule. The study of admissible inference rules was stimulated by Friedman’s problem: Is there an algorithm for recognizing the admissibility of an inference rule in intuitionistic logic? For a wide class of non-classical logics the problem of recognizing with respect to the admissibility of inference rules was solved in 1980s. Another way of describing all admissible rules in logic goes back to the problem of A. Kuznetsov (1975): specifying a certain (finite) set of admissible rules, from which all other admissible rules in logic will be derived as consequences, i.e. setting a (finite) basis. It turned out that most basic non-classical logics do not have a finite basis for admissible inference rules. In the early 2000s, for most basic non-classical logics and some tabular logics, the Fridman-Kuznetsov problem was solved by describing an explicit basis for admissible rules. The next stage in the study of admissible inference rules for non-classical logics can be considered the concept of a globally admissible inference rule. Globally admissible rules in the logic 𝐿 are those inference rules that are admissible simultaneously in all (with finite model property) extensions of the given logic. Such rules develop and generalize the concept of an admissible inference rule. The present work is devoted to the study of globally admissible rules of logic 𝑆4. Conditions for global admissibility in the logic 𝑆4 were obtained, a characteristic (universal) model was constructed (checking global admissibility is reduced to checking the truth of a rule on its submodels), a basis was described (all globally admissible rules are derived from it) and an anti-basis (from which all rules not available globally in 𝑆4).

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Gu, Bing Fei, Hai Yan Kong, Pin Ying Gu, Jun Qiang Su, and Guo Lian Liu. "Girth Calculative Rules Research of Female Body Based on 2D Figures." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 1777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.1777.

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In this paper, 357 female students in soochow university which are 18 to 26 years old were selected as subjects. Front, back and side photos are taken by using digital camera, and then photo manipulation was done to amplify the contrast between the human body and background. The width and thickness of human characteristic positions were measured by COREDRAW software. Meanwhile, the girth of each position was got by manual measurement, and the width and thickness of human characteristic positions were extracted by MATLAB. Finally the girth, width and thickness were analyzed by SPSS to obtain the girth calculative rules, and the error analysis was done to verify the veracity. The result showed that the regression fitting was feasible and accurate.

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Khalidova, Rashidat Shakhrudinovna, and Zamilat Magomed-Zakirovna Adukhova. "ETIQUETTE RULES – AN ESSENTIAL ATTRIBUTE OF COMMUNICATION." Herald of Daghestan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Science, no. 73 (June 28, 2019): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/vestdnc73/10.

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The article investigates etiquette rules, without knowledge of which a full dialogue between representatives of different cultures is impossible. An attempt is made to investigate the question whether etiquette rules can be universal. The study reveals that national and cultural features of speech behavior of communicants-speakers of different languages, representatives of different cultures do not coincide. To achieve the harmonization of communication, it is necessary to combine verbal means with nonverbal ones. The article focuses on the analysis of the features of such a common gesture as a handshake used in a variety of speech cultures. The author reveals the features characteristic of individual cultures, draws attention to the fact that the handshake as a greeting is a gender-marked gesture not only in Daghestan but also in European culture.

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Withers, R. L., M. I. Aroyo, J. M. Perez-Mato, and D. Orobengoa. "Symmetry analysis of extinction rules in diffuse-scattering experiments." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 66, no. 3 (May 6, 2010): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768110009031.

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Structured diffuse-scattering intensities, whether of compositional or of pure displacive origin, static or dynamic, contain important information about the symmetry of the individual compositional and/or displacive modes responsible for the observed intensities. However, the interpretation of the experimental data is very often impeded by the lack of a symmetry-based approach to the analysis of the structured diffuse-scattering distributions. Recently, we have demonstrated the existence of systematic phonon selection rules for diffuse scattering that depend on the symmetries of the mode and the scattering vector, and not on the specific structure. Here, we show that such symmetry analysis can be successfully extended and also applied to structure-dependent diffuse scattering associated with `disordered' materials: the combination of theoretically determined, diffuse-scattering extinction conditions with the concept of non-characteristic orbits proves to be very useful in the interpretation of the observed diffuse-scattering extinctions. The utility of this approach is illustrated by the analysis of diffuse-scattering data from ThAsSe, FeOF and FeF2. The essential part of the associated calculations are performed by the computer programs NEUTRON (systematic phonon extinction rules in inelastic scattering) and NONCHAR (non-characteristic orbits of space groups) that are available on the Bilbao crystallographic server (http://www.cryst.ehu.es).

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Zhou, Yang, Zhi Wang, and Li Yang. "Application of Fuzzy PID Control Based on GA in Control Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.445.

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In order to improve the dynamic characteristic of regulating valve system based on traditional fuzzy PID, a control strategy was presented and this method combines fuzzy PID and improved GA (genetic algorithm) to optimize fuzzy rules. Finally a simulation was carried on in MATLAB. The results show that: Compared with the traditional PID, the fuzzy PID enables the system to achieve better dynamic characteristics.

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GRODNER, E. "STAGGERING OF THE B(M1) VALUE AS A FINGERPRINT OF SPECIFIC CHIRAL BANDS STRUCTURE." International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, no. 02 (February 2011): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017752.

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Nuclear chirality has been intensively studdied for the last several years in the context of experimental as well as theoretical approach. Characteristic gamma selection rules have been predicted for the strong chiral symmetry breaking limit that has been observed in Cs isotopes. The presented analysis shows that the gamma selection rules cannot be attributed only to chiral symmetry breaking. The selection rules relate to structural composition of the chiral rotational bands, i.e., to odd particle configuration and the deformation of the core.

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Eliseev Sergey A., Eliseev Sergey A., Lev M. Prosumentov, and Alexander V. Shesler. "CRIMINAL LEGAL CHARACTERISTIC OF VIOLATIONS OF SAFETY RULES AT EXPLOSION-HAZARDOUS PRODUCTION FACILITIES." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 15(1) (March 1, 2015): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/15/8.

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Zhou, Wei, Jin-yuan Tang, Yan-fei He, and Dong-ri Liao. "Associated rules between microstructure characterization parameters and contact characteristic parameters of two cylinders." Journal of Central South University 22, no. 11 (November 2015): 4228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2971-2.

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Jia, Peng-fei, Shu-guo Gao, Xing-hui Zhang, Ling-ming Meng, Yang Yang, and Li-hua Li. "Research on Defect Diagnosis Method of Reactor Acoustic Vibration Method Based on Deep Learning." E3S Web of Conferences 243 (2021): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124302005.

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Although the state evaluation method based on characteristic parameters and weight factors can extract the characteristic quantities in time domain and frequency domain according to the collected acoustic and vibration signals of reactors, it is necessary to analyze a large number of test data to establish the functional relationship between the characteristic quantities and the defect states, and to establish the function relationship between the characteristic quantities and the defect states, and to establish the function relationship between the characteristic quantities and the defect states The method can directly learn the data samples, and self-study the correlation rules of characteristic parameters and defects through the training of neural network. In this paper, the deep learning neural network model is constructed, and the data obtained from reactor defect simulation experiment and field measurement are used as samples to train the deep learning network. Through the training of neural network, the characteristics of acoustic vibration signal are automatically learned, and the characteristics are stored in the parameters of neural network. Finally, the state of reactor is realized by the classifier at the end of the network assessment

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Budyakova, T. P. "Psychological characteristics of the rules of subordination within the cultural and historical analysis." Cultural-Historical Psychology 11, no. 4 (2015): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2015110408.

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The article examines the psychology of submission. Given psychological characteristic standards of submission historically embodied in the moral codes and legal sources. The subject of analysis are historical regulations XII—XX centuries, the customs, in which the fixed rate of submission, as well as the memoir literature. There are four basic psychological lines of development in the history of the rules of subordination, in particular: a special regulation of the rules of subordination and increasing social importance of the role of subordinate. It is proved that psychological acceptance of a subordinate role and the satisfaction of its implementation includes the requirement of special rules regulating authority and emphasis on the social importance of the role of subordinate. It was established that one of the reasons that the job satisfaction of employees of state structures higher than employees of private companies, a large schema definition of relations with management. Hierarchical role is considered in terms of two components: the role of attributes and rules, rules of conduct. The article focuses on the fact that the individual external signs, locking status subordination, increase the level of self-esteem of subordinate.

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Li, Ya Feng, Yu Xiu Xu, and Xin Hua Ma. "State Characteristic Parameters Extraction Method of Wind Turbine Blades Based on the Length Fractal Dimension." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.139.

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According to characteristic of wind turbine vibration signal, base on the length fractal dimension principle, carry out quantitative description of length fractal characteristics to nonlinear signals on the fault generated by the wind turbine blades. The test and calculation results show that when the different wind turbine blades failures occur, the length fractal dimension value appear clear rules. Therefore, we can use the length fractal dimension effectively extract the fault character parameters of wind turbine blade.

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Zhang, Lei, and Hur-Li Lee. "The Role of Genre in the Bibliographic Universe." Advances in Classification Research Online 23, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7152/acro.v23i1.14236.

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This paper examines the role of genre in organizing bibliographic information through three sets of modern cataloging rules spanning 171 years: Panizzi’s Rules for the Compilation of the Catalogue (91 Rules), Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules Second Edition 2002 Revision (AACR2r), and Resource Description and Access (RDA). Genre-related rules are identified on the basis of their inclusion of the keywords “genre(s)” and “form(s).” Then, the identified rules are analyzed from two aspects: the contexts in which these rules are addressed and four user tasks defined by the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)—find, identify, select and obtain. Genre is found absent in 91 Rules and mostly addressed in the note area in AACR2r, while in RDA, genre acts as the primary distinguishing characteristic of work and can be implemented widely as additions to access points, as separate elements, or as both. In conclusion, the paper suggests that the genre concept has yet to be clearly defined and its significance fully articulated in cataloging as well as in the broader discipline of knowledge organization.

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Lam, Vitus S. W. "A Framework-Driven Comparison of Automata-Based Tools for Identifying Business Rule Conflicts." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 29, no. 03 (March 2019): 433–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194019500190.

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Drawing on business rules for constructing business process models by a constraint-driven methodology is a distinct characteristic of declarative process modeling. Given the intricacies of business rules, there is a pragmatic need to conduct conflict-free assessments for business rules in an automatic manner. In this paper, business rules are stated in terms of restricted English by harnessing a group of predefined business rule templates. With linear temporal logic that serves as a semantic foundation for the business rule templates, a pair of business rules represented as a linear temporal logic specification is translated into an associated Büchi automaton via LTL2BA, LTL3BA and ltl2tgba. A Büchi automaton that accepts the empty language signifies that the two business rules are in conflict with each other. The suitability of the formal framework and the three automated tools is evaluated by an industry-level case study.

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Galli, Emma. "Costituzione fiscale e spesa pubblica: una rassegna." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 6, no. 3 (October 1, 1988): 187–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569298x15668907344550.

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Abstract Economic Constitutionalism is a new development in Public Finance, whose basic approach requires public policy decisions to be taken according to a set of constitutional rules in order to cut the discretionary powers of the fiscal authorities.This approach looks very promising for countries like Italy, where fiscal imbalance is a characteristic aspect of fiscal policy.This paper takes into consideration two main issues: a) the arguments in favour of the introduction of constitutional rules for public finance; b) the most convenient rules to be chosen.After considering in general terms the main proposals which have been presented in the United States, some basic rules are examined in detail: balanced budget, limits to the fiscal power and/or to public expenditure.

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Wang, Feng Jun. "The Engine Assembly Rules of Each Mode of Vibration Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 741 (March 2015): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.421.

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In This paper, on the basis of studying on relevant fields, three-dimensional factual model of engine assembly is established with SDRC/Ideas9 software according to the factual characteristic of engine structure. The fix frequency of engine assembly and parameters of main mode are acquired concerning with mode analysis, so that we can understand the rule of vibration. This approach can reduce the level of vibration and noise.

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Yu, Mei Fang, and Bin Zhao. "Research on Characteristic of North Zhejiang Residential Indoor Environmental." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.835.

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North Zhejiang residence is a typical Jiangnan dwellings. The indoor environment is an essential part to research north Zhejiang residential areas, it is not only close to people daily behavior, but also directly reflects relationship of people, architectural space and environment. Zhejiang characteristics of residential indoor environment base on five aspects was analyzed, such as geographic and climate, interior layout, decoration, color and furnishings. I also will clarify its internal evolution and development, and understand its rules to add a reference and thought to the construction of watery region culture in future

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Ivanenko, P. A. "Validation of correctness of autotuning code transformations with rewriting rules technique." PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, no. 2-3 (September 2020): 368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2020.02-03.368.

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Article presents an approach to correctness validation of autotuning optimizational transformations. Autotuner is considered as dynamic discrete system and validation is reduced to verification of characteristic of equivalence by result of representation of initial and optimized program versions in autotuning formal model. In partial cases this validation can be done automatically using source code and rewriting rules technique.

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Ganowicz-Bączyk, Anita. "W stronę ekonomii zrównoważonego rozwoju." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2012): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2012.10.4.02.

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Perceiving nature by contemporary social and economical systems, including the domination nowadays of capitalism and socialism, has led to an ecological crisis. There are at least several characteristics of traditional economical theories that make it impossible to realize the sustainable development of the anthroposphere, i.e. the view of a human being, the violation of rules of inter- and intragenerational justice, the way of valuing the environment combined with the underestimation of the significance of natural resources, the belief that technology is able to substitute all natural resources crucial to humanity, planning the short-term goals. Qe attitudes in economics appeared which demand replacing the current paradigm with a new one – that of strong sustainability. The characteristic feature of the economics of sustainable development is observing the ethical rules of inter- and intergenerational justice and responsibility.

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Zhang, Teng Yu, and Chun Jing Tao. "The Comparison and Analysis of SEMG in Upper Limb Movement between Hemiplegic Patients and Healthy People." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 969–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.969.

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In this paper, the surface electromyogram (EMG) signal of the hemiplegic patients and healthy people were collected when completing upper limb movements, then the general EMG characteristic rules of healthy people in common action were analyzed, and the EMG characteristics of hemiplegic patients in time and frequency domain were extracted. By comparing and analyzing the EMG characteristics between the hemiplegic patients and healthy people, the results showed that the order and magnitude of muscle contraction of hemiplegic patients were not comply with the general laws of healthy people, which resulted in disorganized movement.

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Azari, Julia R., and Jennifer K. Smith. "Unwritten Rules: Informal Institutions in Established Democracies." Perspectives on Politics 10, no. 1 (March 2012): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592711004890.

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Scholars of the developing world have driven a surge of interest in unwritten or informal institutions as determinants of political outcomes. In advanced industrial democracies, by contrast, informal institutions often remain consigned to the analytic margins. This article makes a case for greater attention to informal political institutions in established democracies, and it introduces a theoretical framework to support such analysis. Informal institutions, understood as the unwritten rules of political life, are seen to perform three functions: they complete or fill gaps in formal institutions, coordinate the operation of overlapping (and perhaps clashing) institutions, and operate parallel to formal institutions in regulating political behavior. These three roles of informal institutions are associated with different characteristic patterns of institutional stability and change. The article illustrates its theoretical framework with case studies from American politics, the subfield in which formal-institutional analysis has flourished most. These cases are the historical norm of a two-term presidency (a completing institution), the unwritten rules of the presidential nomination process (coordinating institutions), the informal practice of obstruction in the Senate (a parallel institution), and the normative expectation that presidents should address the public directly (which performs all three functions).

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Shinya, Akikazu. "Characteristic of CAD/CAM resin composite block for anterior region, and its usage rules." Annals of Japan Prosthodontic Society 14, no. 3 (2022): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2186/ajps.14.231.

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Yoshioka, Takashi, and Hiroshi Noborio. "Sensor-Based Traffic Rules for Multiple Automata Based on a Geometric Deadlock-Free Characteristic." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 8, no. 1 (February 20, 1996): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1996.p0040.

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In this paper, we propose a sensor-based and decentralized navigation algorithm for multiple automata and discuss its deadlock-free characteristic in an uncertain 2-d world without any static obstacles. We consider multiple, but a limited number of, automata. Each automaton has the same circular shape, finds another automaton in a contact manner by a ring of tactile sensors, and then selects one of three simple behaviors, i.e., stop, straight, and circular behaviors. In our algorithm, an automaton basically moves toward the goal direction, and if and only if the direction is interfered by another automaton, it avoids another automaton based on a common set of sensor-based traffic rules. By common sense, each automaton never enters any local and global deadlocks, which excludes and includes the goal, respectively. Because all kinds of deadlocks are generally classified as local and global deadlocks, we can easily see that our proposed algorithm ensures its deadlock-free characteristic.

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Hirokado, Masayuki. "Canonical singularities of dimension three in characteristic $2$ which do not follow Reid’s rules." Kyoto Journal of Mathematics 59, no. 4 (December 2019): 747–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21562261-2019-0026.

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Kirti Malhotra, Dr, and H. Venugopal. "Association Rules of Data Mining for the Characteristic Analysis of Subbasins of a River." International Journal of Computer Applications 27, no. 3 (August 31, 2011): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/3284-4473.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Characteristic rules'

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