Dissertations / Theses: 'Character images'

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Viklund, Alexander, and Emma Nimstad. "Character Recognition in Natural Images Utilising TensorFlow." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208385.

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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are commonly used for character recognition. They achieve the lowest error rates for popular datasets such as SVHN and MNIST. Usage of CNN is lacking in research about character classification in natural images regarding the whole English alphabet. This thesis conducts an experiment where TensorFlow is used to construct a CNN that is trained and tested on the Chars74K dataset, with 15 images per class for training and 15 images per class for testing. This is done with the aim of achieving a higher accuracy than the non-CNN approach by de Campos et al. [1], that achieved 55.26%. The thesis explores data augmentation techniques for expanding the small training set and evaluates the result of applying rotation, stretching, translation and noise-adding. The result of this is that all of these methods apart from adding noise gives a positive effect on the accuracy of the network. Furthermore, the experiment shows that with a three layered convolutional neural network it is possible to create a character classifier that is as good as de Campos et al.'s. It is believed that even better results can be achieved if more experiments would be conducted on the parameters of the network and the augmentation.
Det är vanligt att använda konvolutionära artificiella neuronnät (CNN) för bildigenkänning, då de ger de minsta felmarginalerna på kända datamängder som SVHN och MNIST. Dock saknas det forskning om användning av CNN för klassificering av bokstäver i naturliga bilder när det gäller hela det engelska alfabetet. Detta arbete beskriver ett experiment där TensorFlow används för att bygga ett CNN som tränas och testas med bilder från Chars74K. 15 bilder per klass används för träning och 15 per klass för testning. Målet med detta är att uppnå högre noggrannhet än 55.26%, vilket är vad de campos et al. [1] uppnådde med en metod utan artificiella neuronnät. I rapporten utforskas olika tekniker för att artificiellt utvidga den lilla datamängden, och resultatet av att applicera rotation, utdragning, translation och bruspåslag utvärderas. Resultatet av det är att alla dessa metoder utom bruspåslag ger en positiv effekt på nätverkets noggrannhet. Vidare visar experimentet att med ett CNN med tre lager går det att skapa en bokstavsklassificerare som är lika bra som de Campos et al.s klassificering. Om fler experiment skulle genomföras på nätverkets och utvidgningens parametrar är det troligt att ännu bättre resultat kan uppnås.

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Granlund, Oskar, and Kai Böhrnsen. "Improving character recognition by thresholding natural images." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208899.

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The current state of the art optical character recognition (OCR) algorithms are capable of extracting text from images in predefined conditions. OCR is extremely reliable for interpreting machine-written text with minimal distortions, but images taken in a natural scene are still challenging. In recent years the topic of improving recognition rates in natural images has gained interest because more powerful handheld devices are used. The main problem faced dealing with recognition in natural images are distortions like illuminations, font textures, and complex backgrounds. Different preprocessing approaches to separate text from its background have been researched lately. In our study, we assess the improvement reached by two of these preprocessing methods called k-means and Otsu by comparing their results from an OCR algorithm. The study showed that the preprocessing made some improvement on special occasions, but overall gained worse accuracy compared to the unaltered images.
Dagens optisk teckeninläsnings (OCR) algoritmer är kapabla av att extrahera text från bilder inom fördefinierade förhållanden. De moderna metoderna har uppnått en hög träffsäkerhet för maskinskriven text med minimala förvrängningar, men bilder tagna i en naturlig scen är fortfarande svåra att hantera. De senaste åren har ett stort intresse för att förbättra tecken igenkännings algoritmerna uppstått, eftersom fler kraftfulla och handhållna enheter används. Det huvudsakliga problemet när det kommer till igenkänning i naturliga bilder är olika förvrängningar som infallande ljus, textens textur och komplicerade bakgrunder. Olika metoder för förbehandling och därmed separation av texten och dess bakgrund har studerats under den senaste tiden. I våran studie bedömer vi förbättringen som uppnås vid förbehandlingen med två metoder som kallas för k-means och Otsu genom att jämföra svaren från en OCR algoritm. Studien visar att Otsu och k-means kan förbättra träffsäkerheten i vissa förhållanden men generellt sett ger det ett sämre resultat än de oförändrade bilderna.

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Nahar, Vikas. "Content based image retrieval for bio-medical images." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Nahar_09007dcc80721e0b.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed Dec. 23, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-83).

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Lomelin, Stoupignan Mauricio. "Character template estimation from document images and their transcriptions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36566.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-126).
by Mauricio Lomelin Stoupignan.
M.S.

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Sundin, Hannes, and Jakob Josefsson. "Evaluating synthetic training data for character recognition in natural images." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280292.

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This thesis is centered around character recognition in natural images. More specifically, evaluating the use of synthetic font images for training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), compared to natural training data. Training a CNN to recognize characters in natural images often demands a large amount of labeled data. One alternative is to instead generate synthetic data by using digital fonts. A total of 41,664 font images were generated, which in combination with already existing data yielded around 99,000 images. Using this synthetic dataset, the CNN was trained by incrementally increasing synthetic training data and tested on natural images. At the same time, different preprocessing methods were applied to the synthetic data in order to observe the effect on accuracy. Results show that even when using the best performing pre-processing method and having access to 99,000 synthetic training images, a smaller set of natural training data yielded better results. However, results also show that synthetic data can perform better than natural data, provided that a good preprocessing method is used and if the supply of natural images is limited.
I det här kandidatexamensarbetet behandlas bokstavigenkänning i naturliga bilder. Mer specifikt jämförs syntetiska typsnittsbilder med naturliga bilder för träning av ett Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Att träna ett CNN för att känna igen bokstäver i naturliga bilder kräver oftast mycket betecknad naturlig data. Ett alternativ till detta är att producera syntetisk träningsdata i form av typsnittsbilder. I denna studie skapades 41664 typsnittsbilder, vilket i kombination med existerande data gav oss omkring 99 tusen syntetiska träningsbilder. Därefter tränades ett CNN med typsnittsbilder i ökande mängd för att sedan testas på naturliga bilder av bokstäver. Resultatet av detta jämfördes sedan med resultatet av att träna med naturliga bilder. Dessutom experimenterades med olika förbehandlingsmetoder för att observera förbehandlingens påverkan på klassifikationsgraden. Resultaten visade att även med den förbehandlingsmetoden som gav bäst resultat och med mycket mer data, var träning med syntetiska bilder inte lika effektivt som med naturliga bilder. Dock så visades det att med en bra förbehandlingsmetod kan syntetiska bilder ersätta naturliga bilder, givet att tillgången till naturliga bilder är begränsat.

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Hanson, Adam. "Character recognition of optically blurred textual images using moment invariants /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11748.

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Waters, Keith. "The computer synthesis of expressive three-dimensional facial character animation." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1988. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8095/.

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This present research is concerned with the design, development and implementation of three-dimensional computer-generated facial images capable of expression gesture and speech. A review of previous work in chapter one shows that to date the model of computer-generated faces has been one in which construction and animation were not separated and which therefore possessed only a limited expressive range. It is argued in chapter two that the physical description of the face cannot be seen as originating from a single generic mould. Chapter three therefore describes data acquisition techniques employed in the computer generation of free-form surfaces which are applicable to three-dimensional faces. Expressions are the result of the distortion of the surface of the skin by the complex interactions of bone, muscle and skin. Chapter four demonstrates with static images and short animation sequences in video that a muscle model process algorithm can simulate the primary characteristics of the facial muscles. Three-dimensional speech synchronization was the most complex problem to achieve effectively. Chapter five describes two successful approaches: the direct mapping of mouth shapes in two dimensions to the model in three dimensions, and geometric distortions of the mouth created by the contraction of specified muscle combinations. Chapter six describes the implementation of software for this research and argues the case for a parametric approach. Chapter seven is concerned with the control of facial articulations and discusses a more biological approach to these. Finally chapter eight draws conclusions from the present research and suggests further extensions.

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Kraljevic, Matija. "Character recognition in natural images : Testing the accuracy of OCR and potential improvement by image segmentation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187991.

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In recent years, reading text from natural images has gained renewed research attention. One of the main reasons for this is the rapid growth of camera-based applications on smart phones and other portable devices. With the increasing availability of high performance, low-priced, image-capturing devices, the application of scene text recognition is rapidly expanding and becoming increasingly popular. Despite many efforts, character recognition in natural images, is still considered a challenging and unresolved problem. The difficulties stem from the fact that natural images suffer from a wide variety of obstacles such as complex backgrounds, font variation, uneven illumination, resolution problems, occlusions, perspective effects, just to mention a few. This paper aims to test the accuracy of OCR in character recognition of natural images as well as testing the possible improvement in accuracy after implementing three different segmentation methods.The results showed that the accuracy of OCR was very poor and no improvments in accuracy were found after implementing the chosen segmentation methods.

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Peng, Qiu. "Characters Extraction for Traffic Sign Destination boards in video and still images." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Datateknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-5381.

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Traffic Control Signs or destination boards on roadways offer significant information for drivers. Regulation signs tell something like your speed, turns, etc; Warning signs warn drivers of conditions ahead to help them avoid accidents; Destination signs show distances and directions to various locations; Service signs display location of hospitals, gas and rest areas etc. Because the signs are so important and there is always a certain distance from them to drivers, to let the drivers get information clearly and easily even in bad weather or other situations. The idea is to develop software which can collect useful information from a special camera which is mounted in the front of a moving car to extract the important information and finally show it to the drivers. For example, when a frame contains on a destination drive sign board it will be text something like "Linkoping 50",so the software should extract every character of "Linkoping 50", compare them with the already known character data in the database. if there is extracted character match "k" in the database then output the destination name and show to the driver. In this project C++ will be used to write the code for this software.

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Watanabe, Toyohide, and Rui Zhang. "Recognition of character strings from color urban map images on the basis of validation mechanism." IEEE, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6936.

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Cason, Kelley A. "Images of Naples class, gender and the southern character in Hester Piozzi's Observations and reflections /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000556.

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Bruce, Jacob Robert. "Mathematical Expression Detection and Segmentation in Document Images." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46724.

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Various document layout analysis techniques are employed in order to enhance the accuracy of optical character recognition (OCR) in document images. Type-specific document layout analysis involves localizing and segmenting specific zones in an image so that they may be recognized by specialized OCR modules. Zones of interest include titles, headers/footers, paragraphs, images, mathematical expressions, chemical equations, musical notations, tables, circuit diagrams, among others. False positive/negative detections, oversegmentations, and undersegmentations made during the detection and segmentation stage will confuse a specialized OCR system and thus may result in garbled, incoherent output. In this work a mathematical expression detection and segmentation (MEDS) module is implemented and then thoroughly evaluated. The module is fully integrated with the open source OCR software, Tesseract, and is designed to function as a component of it. Evaluation is carried out on freely available public domain images so that future and existing techniques may be objectively compared.
Master of Science

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Cason, Kelley A. "Images of Naples: Class, Gender and the Southern Character in Hester Piozzi’s Observations and Reflections." Scholar Commons, 2004. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/985.

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On the tenth of January 1786, Mrs. Hester Lynch Piozzi recorded her entrance into the city of Naples, Italy in her travel journal Observations and Reflections Made in the Course of a Journey Through France, Italy, and Germany. She emphasized the importance of her experience in Naples by stating that: "among all the new ideas I have acquired since England lessened to my sight upon the sea, those gained at Naples will be the last to quit me." This British woman's stay in Naples was but a brief period within her three year long Grand Tour, yet it represented a great deal more than a simple respite. It became both a metaphor for her own break from the English society with her second marriage to an Italian musician and a forum through which she could express her complex opinions about class, ethnicity and gender. Essentially, this study reconstructs how Naples became a symbolic site in the journal and what it and its inhabitants represented to Hester Piozzi, both geographically and personally. Moreover, it simultaneously analyzes the common northern-European impressions that informed her opinions of Naples and the personal experiences that shaped her interactions with Neapolitans. Complex and sometimes conflicting beliefs and motivations formed Hester Piozzi's opinions of the place and its people. The object of my thesis is to understand how these various strands shaped her cultural interactions in the Italian south. In Piozzi's mind, Naples stood for many things. In part, long-standing northern European conceptions of Italian society formed the basis for her perceptions. More interestingly they also built upon her intensely personal observations as a woman who had split from her own social niche, the British upper-class. The city's exotic qualities provided her with the ability to fully embrace her liberation, yet in that context she also found common parallels that connected the lives of Neapolitan women to her own. Ironically, in the place that she believed to be most opposite to her home, she found a striking metaphor to help her evaluate and understand her own fractured life in England.

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Kanaparthi, Pradeep Kumar. "Detection and Recognition of U.S. Speed Signs from Grayscale Images for Intelligent Vehicles." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1352934398.

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Husberg, Björn. "A Portable DARC Fax Service." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1373.

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DARC is a technique for data broadcasting over the FM radio network. Sectra Wireless Technologies AB has developed a handheld DARC receiver known as the Sectra CitySurfer. The CitySurfer is equipped with a high-resolution display along with buttons and a joystick that allows the user to view and navigate through various types of information received over DARC.

Sectra Wireless Technologies AB has, among other services, also developed a paging system that enables personal message transmission over DARC. The background of this thesis is a wish to be able to send fax documents using the paging system and to be able to view received fax documents in the CitySurfer.

The presented solution is a central PC-based fax server. The fax server is responsible for receiving standard fax transmissions and converting the fax documents before redirecting them to the right receiver in the DARC network. The topics discussed in this thesis are fax document routing, fax document conversion and fax server system design.

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Зінченко, Анна Володимирівна, Анна Владимировна Зинченко, Anna Volodymyrivna Zinchenko, and А. Острокоморець. "Китайський ієрогліф як інструмент візуалізації образів об’єктів реальності." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77025.

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Актуальність поданої розвідки обумовлена дослідницьким інтересом автора до китайських ієрогліфів як можливості візуалізації об’єктів оточуючої реальності. Метою доробку є визначення властивостей китайських ієрогліфів, які дозволяють їм передавати у собі риси образів реальних об’єктів. Досягнення поставленої мети можливе завдяки виконанню наступних завдань: 1) визначення поняття «ієрогліф» у межах синології; 2) виділення властивості до реалізації образів на прикладі загальновідомих ієрогліфів. Об’єктом нашого дослідження слугують китайські ієрогліфи, предметом – їх здатність до вираження образу об’єкта дійсності у межах одного знаку китайського письма.

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Stewart, Seth Andrew. "Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Pixel Classification in Historical Document Images." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7064.

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We use a Fully Convolutional Neural Network (FCNN) to classify pixels in historical document images, enabling the extraction of high-quality, pixel-precise and semantically consistent layers of masked content. We also analyze a dataset of hand-labeled historical form images of unprecedented detail and complexity. The semantic categories we consider in this new dataset include handwriting, machine-printed text, dotted and solid lines, and stamps. Segmentation of document images into distinct layers allows handwriting, machine print, and other content to be processed and recognized discriminatively, and therefore more intelligently than might be possible with content-unaware methods. We show that an efficient FCNN with relatively few parameters can accurately segment documents having similar textural content when trained on a single representative pixel-labeled document image, even when layouts differ significantly. In contrast to the overwhelming majority of existing semantic segmentation approaches, we allow multiple labels to be predicted per pixel location, which allows for direct prediction and reconstruction of overlapped content. We perform an analysis of prevalent pixel-wise performance measures, and show that several popular performance measures can be manipulated adversarially, yielding arbitrarily high measures based on the type of bias used to generate the ground-truth. We propose a solution to the gaming problem by comparing absolute performance to an estimated human level of performance. We also present results on a recent international competition requiring the automatic annotation of billions of pixels, in which our method took first place.

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Fei, Xiao Lei. "Hybrid segmentation on slant & skewed deformation text in natural scene images." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2182857.

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Rabeux, Vincent. "Évaluation de la qualité des documents anciens numérisés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858290.

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Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce manuscrit décrivent plusieurs apports au thème de l'évaluation de la qualité d'images de documents numérisés. Pour cela nous proposons de nouveaux descripteurs permettant de quantifier les dégradations les plus couramment rencontrées sur les images de documents numérisés. Nous proposons également une méthodologie s'appuyant sur le calcul de ces descripteurs et permettant de prédire les performances d'algorithmes de traitement et d'analyse d'images de documents. Les descripteurs sont définis en analysant l'influence des dégradations sur les performances de différents algorithmes, puis utilisés pour créer des modèles de prédiction à l'aide de régresseurs statistiques. La pertinence, des descripteurs proposés et de la méthodologie de prédiction, est validée de plusieurs façons. Premièrement, par la prédiction des performances de onze algorithmes de binarisation. Deuxièmement par la création d'un processus automatique de sélection de l'algorithme de binarisation le plus performant pour chaque image. Puis pour finir, par la prédiction des performances de deux OCRs en fonction de l'importance du défaut de transparence (diffusion de l'encre du recto sur le verso d'un document). Ce travail sur la prédiction des performances d'algorithmes est aussi l'occasion d'aborder les problèmes scientifiques liés à la création de vérités-terrains et d'évaluation de performances.

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Darowski, Joseph J. "The American Way: What Superman, Batman, Spider-Man, and the X-Men Reveal About America." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1515.pdf.

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Hsueh, Su-Ling. "Design, Development and Evaluation of Chinese Radical and Character Tutorial by Hypermedia." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd834.pdf.

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Lundqvist, Filip, and Olle Wallberg. "Natural image distortions and optical character recognition accuracy." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187234.

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Current state of the art optical character recognition tools are trained using high quality image datasets. In practical applications, natural images used for character recognition willnot always be of high quality. This report examines the accuracy of a state of the art optical character recognition tool using three distorted natural image datasets. The performed distortions were lossy JPEG compression, contrast reduction and white gaussian noise injection. The accuracy is presented as an average percentage of correct and located text using the Levenshtein distance algorithm. The results indicate that white gaussian noise injection significantly reduced OCR accuracy. On the other hand, lossy JPEG compressionand contrast reduction had a similar, but less of an effect.
Nuvarande moderna verktyg för optisk teckenigenkänning tränas med bilder av hög kvalité. I praktiska situationer kommer naturliga bilder som används för optisk teckenigenkänning inte alltid vara av hög kvalité. Denna rapport använder tre förvrängda datauppsättningar av naturliga bilder för att utvärdera träffsäkerheten hos ett modernt verktyg för optiskteckenigenkänning. De utförda förvrängningarna var förstörande JPEG komprimering, kontrastreducering och injektion av vitt gaussiskt brus. Träffsäkerheten presenteras som en genomsnittlig procentenhet av korrekt och lokaliserad text genom användning av algoritmen Levenshteinavstånd. Resultaten indikerar att injektion av vitt gaussiskt brus försämrade träffsäkerheten hos optisk teckenigenkänning avsevärt. Vidare hade förstörande JPEG komprimering och kontrastreducering en liknande, men mindre, effekt.

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遲秉壯 and Ping-chong Chee. "Hand-printed Chinese character recognition and image preprocessing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31213972.

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Chee, Ping-chong. "Hand-printed Chinese character recognition and image preprocessing /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18597579.

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Kieri, Andreas. "Context Dependent Thresholding and Filter Selection for Optical Character Recognition." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-197460.

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Thresholding algorithms and filters are of great importance when utilizing OCR to extract information from text documents such as invoices. Invoice documents vary greatly and since the performance of image processing methods when applied to those documents will vary accordingly, selecting appropriate methods is critical if a high recognition rate is to be obtained. This paper aims to determine if a document recognition system that automatically selects optimal processing methods, based on the characteristics of input images, will yield a higher recognition rate than what can be achieved by a manual choice. Such a recognition system, including a learning framework for selecting optimal thresholding algorithms and filters, was developed and evaluated. It was established that an automatic selection will ensure a high recognition rate when applied to a set of arbitrary invoice images by successfully adapting and avoiding the methods that yield poor recognition rates.

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李永成 and Wing-shing Lee. "The tragic images of female characters in Moyan's novels." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42904456.

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Nuh, Ilsiona. "Le texte dans le codex : émergence poétique et images sociales (Marie dans le théâtre du Moyen Âge)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAL012.

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Dans notre corpus d’étude : La Présentation de Marie au Temple, Les Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages et Le Mystère de la Passion d’Arnoul Gréban, le personnage de Marie se présente à l’intersection des langues, des genres et des lieux où se réinvente le théâtre. Ces aspects hétérogènes se dissolvent dans la mesure où le personnage de Marie s’ancre dans la logique de la foi chrétienne : au sein de la Vierge fut incarnée la Parole de Dieu qui, sous sa forme humaine, en la personne du Fils, parla aux hommes ; telle est l’affirmation fondamentale du christianisme qui souligne l’importance du Verbe. Néanmoins, les écrits néotestamentaires qui rapportent la parole divine sont discrets sur Marie, tandis que les jeux à sujet religieux donnent à voir et à entendre un personnage caractérisé par un langage théâtral. En écho avec les écrits scripturaires, le personnage de Notre Dame est composé à partir des écrits pieux en latin et en langue vernaculaire, des textes littéraires et rhétoriques, et sous l’influence des réalités sociales. Son personnage est en effet à la confluence de ces courants qu’il transcende et, à leur interstice, il modèle une nouvelle façon d’exprimer la foi à laquelle la forme dramatique donne une dimension collective. Appuyée sur l’analyse matérielle et poétique des manuscrits, cette thèse s’attache à montrer les dynamiques qui donnent vie au personnage de Marie et ses répercussions sur la composition du texte dramatique, ainsi que sur les communautés qu’il engendre
The dramatis personae of Mary in La Présentation de Marie au Temple, Les Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages and Le Mystère de la Passion d’Arnoul Gréban is at the intersection of languages, poetical genres, and places where drama is performed. Her character is inspired by the Christian faith in the Incarnation: within the Virgin was incarnated the Word of God who, in his human form, in the person of the Son, spoke to men. The fundamental affirmation of Christianity underlines the importance of the Word. Nevertheless, the New Testament is discreet about Mary, while the religious plays show the mother of Lord characterized by a self-expression, a mainly lyrical one. Inspired by texts in Latin and in vernacular, from literary and rhetorical texts, and under the influence of social realities, the character of Mary is at the confluence of these currents that she transcends and, at their interstice, models a new way of expressing faith, to which the dramatic form gives a collective dimension. Based on the material and poetical analysis of the manuscripts, this thesis aims to show the dynamics that give life to Mary in theatre and the repercussions of her character on the poetry of the dramatic text, as well as on the communities it engenders

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Nguyen, Long Bao. "Fusions of character tables and schur rings of dihedral groups /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2443.pdf.

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Banks, R. N. "Neural networks for hand-printed character recognition." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293655.

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Gordon, Anna Margaretha. "A Reassessment of James Joyce's Female Characters." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2705.pdf.

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Bennion, Zina L. ""Work is fun" : the phenomenon of boys enjoying work in a camp setting /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2722.pdf.

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Quintas, Elsa Cristina Marques Galvão. "A relação da reputação com a satisfação de clientes, jornalistas e colaboradores : o caso do Grupo Altis Hotels." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10183.

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Mestrado em Marketing
A atitude dos públicos internos e externos para com uma empresa é influenciada pela forma como percepcionam a sua reputação. Especialmente no sector de serviços, onde a experiência dos públicos externos é criada pela interacção com os colaboradores, as perspectivas dos diferentes públicos são vistas como interdependentes. Por outro lado, a percepção de líderes de opinião como os jornalistas, cuja função é reportar sobre as empresas, influencia as atitudes dos outros públicos para com a empresa. A definição, medição e gestão da reputação têm sido temas de investigação e estudos vários. Este estudo mede a reputação de uma cadeia hoteleira portuguesa, o Grupo Altis Hotels, e a sua relação com a satisfação de clientes, jornalistas e colaboradores. Para tal, utiliza-se a Escala de Carácter Corporativo de Davies et al. (2003) que utiliza a metáfora da personificação para aferir as associações que públicos externos e internos fazem com a empresa e as suas ligações à satisfação. Foi realizado um inquérito a clientes, jornalistas e colaboradores do Grupo Altis Hotels com um total de 220 clientes, 21 jornalistas e 50 colaboradores respondentes. Os resultados mostram uma relação positiva entre a reputação do Grupo Altis e satisfação de clientes, jornalistas e colaboradores.
The attitude of internal and external stakeholders towards a company is influenced by the way they perceive its reputation. Especially in the services sector, where the experience of the external stakeholders is created by the interaction with employees, the perspectives of different stakeholders are seen as interdependent. On the other hand, the perception of opinion leaders like journalists whose job is to report on companies influences the attitudes of the other stakeholders toward the company. The definition, measurement and management of reputation have been the theme of various studies and research. This study measures the reputation of a Portuguese hotel chain, Altis Hotels Group, and its relationship with the satisfaction of clients, employees and journalists. To this end, we use the Corporate Character Scale of Davies et al. (2003) that uses the metaphor of personification to assess the associations that internal and external audiences make with the company and its links to satisfaction. We conducted a survey involving clients, journalists and employees of the Altis Hotels Group with a total of 220 clients, 21 journalists and 50 employees respondents. The results show a positive relationship between the Altis Hotels Group's reputation and satisfaction of clients, journalists and employees.

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Volpe, Dennis J. "Educating tomorrow's leaders today : a comparison of the officer development programs of the United States Naval Academy and the United States Air Force Academy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FVolpe.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Leadership and Human Resource Development)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Alice Crawford, Jeff McCausland. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-94). Also available online.

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Leininger, Melissa. "Portrayal of characters with disabilities in Newbery books /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3202.pdf.

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Mauala, Nusi Moa. "Evaluation of leaf characters of guayule varieties /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16751.pdf.

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Andrews, Robert J. "Optical flow from color image sequences /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17830.pdf.

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Whiting, Jeffrey S. "Cognitive and Behavioral Model Ensembles for Autonomous Virtual Characters." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1873.pdf.

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Walvoord, Derek J. "Advanced correlation-based character recognition applied to the Archimedes Palimpsest /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7064.

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Basinger, John A. "Grain Boundary Character Distribution in the HAZ of Friction Stir-Processed Al 7075 T7." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1046.pdf.

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Thomazoni, Andresa Ribeiro. "Quando o computador se torna atelier de criação artística. Liana Timm : vida de artista e artista da vida." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/108581.

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A presente tese foi desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Informática na Educação, inserindo-se na linha de pesquisa “Interfaces digitais em educação, arte, linguagem e cognição”. Trata-se de uma pesquisa interdisciplinar que buscou tramar um diálogo entre arte e tecnologia. Mais especificamente, foi realizada uma investigação a respeito da imagem digital, entendendo-a como produzida em um agenciamento maquínico entre computador, considerado como atelier, e o corpo-artista. Desta paisagem, a investigação sobre a imagem digital buscou explorar as possibilidades de indeterminação na imagem, ou seja, suas possibilidades de criação e invenção, numa espécie de escavação até visibilizar o pixel, como o menor elemento da imagem. Metodologicamente realizou-se uma cartografia, escolhendo-se os trabalhos de imagens digitais realizados pela artista gaúcha Liana Timm. Tomou-se Liana como uma personagem estética e suas obras como disparadoras da problematização sobre imagens digitais produzidas no embate criacionista com o computador-atelier. Buscamos, dessa forma, abrir outros espaços para problematizar a imagem digital e suas possíveis conexões, bem como afirmar o computador como uma potência para fomentar maquinismos produtores da diferença e invenção.
The present thesis was developed in the Computer in Education Postgraduate Program, as part of the "Digital interfaces in education, art, language and cognition" line of research. This is an interdisciplinary research that sought to weave a dialogue between art and technology. More specifically, an investigation was carried out regarding the digital image, comprising it as produced by a machinic assemblage between the computer considered as a workshop and the body-artist. From this landscape, the research on digital image sought to explore the possibilities of indeterminacy in the image, ie, its creation and invention possibilities, a kind of digging done to show the pixel as the smallest element of the image. Methodologically, it was done a cartography, picking up the pieces of digital images made by Brazilian artist, Liana Timm. We took Liana as an aesthetic character and her works as the trigger of the problematization about the digital images produced in a creationist clash with the computer-workshop. We seek, therefore, to open up other spaces to discuss the digital image and its possible connections as well as to firm the computer as a potency to foment machinisms producers of difference and invention.

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Johnson, Michael C. "Character Development in a Distance Education Literature Course: Perspectives on Independent Study English 395R-Christian Fantasy Literature." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3157.pdf.

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Sibounheuang, Vichit. "Leaf water potential as a drought resistant character in rice (Oryza Sativa L.) /." [St Lucia, Qld.], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16124.pdf.

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Monger, David M. "The human factors aspects of interactive document image description for OCR of handwritten forms." Thesis, University of Essex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238747.

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Johansen, Kacie Jo. "CREATING AN INTERACTIVE AND DICHOTOMOUS KEY TO THE WORLD SUBFAMILIES OF BRACONIDAE." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/79.

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Members of Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) are mostly parasitoids of other holometabolous insects. It is a large family with a little over 18,000 described species and many more to be described. Subfamily classification in this group has been unstable and resolution of phylogenetic history at the subfamily level has been problematic. Since 1993, no new keys to the subfamilies of Braconidae have been produced. Many taxonomic and phylogenetic changes have taken place since then, including a recent phylogeny proposing 47 subfamilies and representing the most robust and resolved analysis to date. A pressing need for new keys to the world subfamilies of Braconidae is evident. Using the free programs, DELTA and INTKEY, easy to use keys to the subfamilies of Braconidae, both dichotomous and interactive were produced that will be published and freely available on the Internet. These are constructed for use by professionals and amateurs alike.

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Kozlovski, Nikolai. "TEXT-IMAGE RESTORATION AND TEXT ALIGNMENT FOR MULTI-ENGINE OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3607.

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Previous research showed that combining three different optical character recognition (OCR) engines (ExperVision® OCR, Scansoft OCR, and Abbyy® OCR) results using voting algorithms will get higher accuracy rate than each of the engines individually. While a voting algorithm has been realized, several aspects to automate and improve the accuracy rate needed further research. This thesis will focus on morphological image preprocessing and morphological text restoration that goes to OCR engines. This method is similar to the one used in restoration partial finger prints. Series of morphological dilating and eroding filters of various mask shapes and sizes were applied to text of different font sizes and types with various noises added. These images were then processed by the OCR engines, and based on these results successful combinations of text, noise, and filters were chosen. The thesis will also deal with the problem of text alignment. Each OCR engine has its own way of dealing with noise and corrupted characters; as a result, the output texts of OCR engines have different lengths and number of words. This in turn, makes it impossible to use spaces a delimiter as a method to separate the words for processing by the voting part of the system. Text aligning determines, using various techniques, what is an extra word, what is supposed to be two or more words instead of one, which words are missing in one document compared to the other, etc. Alignment algorithm is made up of a series of shifts in the two texts to determine which parts are similar and which are not. Since errors made by OCR engines are due to visual misrecognition, in addition to simple character comparison (equal or not), a technique was developed that allows comparison of characters based on how they look.
M.S.E.E.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering

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Canuto, Anne Magaly de Paula. "Combining neural networks and fuzzy logic for applications in character recognition." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344107.

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Chen, Yi-Kai, and 陳怡凱. "Preprocessing of Document Images for Automatic Character Recognition." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06399465976732725738.

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博士
國立成功大學
資訊工程研究所
89
Automatic document image processing by computer is one of the important fields in computer science. Many algorithms are proposed to character or word recognition. Also, a good work of preprocessing will make the recognition more efficient and robust. There are several subparts of preprocessing: noise reduction, skew detection and reconstruction, and segmentation… etc. In this dissertation, we provide some new and effective algorithms in preprocessing of document images. First, we describe a robust skew detection and reconstruction algorithm. Skew of both monochrome and color-printed document images can be efficiently and effectively detected and reconstructed. Then, we propose a new algorithm using foreground and background analysis to separate single- or multiple-touching handwritten numeral strings. Finally, we propose a robust preprocessing approach in allusion to locate the destination address block on the complex advertising mail. In the first part of this dissertation, we describe a new algorithm to detect the skew angle of a monochrome or color-printed document image and reconstruct it. Our approach first computes variation of monochrome- or color-transition count at each angle (from -450 to +450) from monochrome or color-printed document images respectively and the angle of maximal variation is regarded as the skew angle. Then, a scanning-line model is used to reconstruct the image. We test 103 monochrome document images and 100 color-printed document images of various kinds and get good results (5 fail in monochrome document images and 7 fail in color-printed document images). The average success rate is 94.1%. On a Pentium III 733 PC, the average processing time of an A4 size monochrome document image is 0.67 seconds and the reconstruction time is 0.96 seconds, and the average processing time of an A4 size color-printed document image is 2.76 seconds and the reconstruction time is 3.97 seconds. In the second part of this dissertation, we propose a new segmentation algorithm to separate the single- or multiple-touching handwritten numeral strings. Thinning of both foreground and background regions are first processed on the image of connected numeral strings and the feature points on foreground and background skeletons are then extracted. Several possible segmentation paths are then constructed and useless strokes are removed. Finally, the parameters of geometric properties of each possible segmentation paths are determined and these parameters are analyzed by mixture Gaussian probability function to decide the best segmentation path or reject it. Experimental results on NIST special database 19 (an update of NIST special database 3) and some other images collected by ourselves (total 4500 test images) show that our algorithm can get a correct rate of 96%. In the last part of this dissertation, we propose a reliable method of locating the destination address on complex advertising mails. Our approach is started from a new method named “rising-falling-region extraction and binarization” followed by connected component searching, filtering, analysis, and the modified region-growing approach. Then, the weight functions derived from our observation on complex advertising mails are used to identify which region is the destination address. The success of our algorithm for identifying destination address on complex advertising mails is demonstrated on 40 test images with 92.5% success rate. The results also show that our approach is invariant to skew, hand-written, and machine-printed address. The average processing time is 1.83 sec per case on PentiumIII-733 PC.

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Yang, chang-you, and 楊昌祐. "Recovery and Character Segmentation of Chinese Warped Document Images." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f8x7y8.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
99
This thesis is about recovery and character segmentation of Chinese warped document images. The research work includes four parts： The first part is about software design of the binarization algorithm for digital document images. The second part is about software design of recovery from warped document images. To restore the distorted or skewed Chinese document images this software includes the following algorithms such as text line and word detection, word baseline estimation, and skew correction. The third part is about software design for segmenting the Chinese document images. The characters are segmented by using the connected component labeling algorithm. This would make character normalization and document image analysis easier. Finally, a coordinate file for individual characters will be generated. The fourth part is about the evaluation of reliability and run-time performance of recovery and character segmentation of Chinese warped document images. Experiments over various kinds of Chinese warped document images have shown that recovery and character segmentation can be operated very well. On the whole, this thesis has accomplished the related algorithms and software design of recovery and character segmentation of Chinese warped document images. After being verified by various kinds of document images, the algorithm developed in this thesis has shown very good performance in skew correction and can improve the recognition rate of the document image analysis system used later.

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Huang, Sung-Jing, and 黃淞靖. "Character Extraction of Engineering Drawing Images Based on Projection Schemes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09194957944961138772.

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碩士
大葉大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
100
In everyday life, character extraction are common. Such as indicators of roadside billboards, magazines are printed with text. Text is always a mixture of pictures and designs on these items. To identify and extract these objects are important issue for the image process. This thesis presents the study of character extraction of engineering drawing images based on projection schemes. First to look for the horizon line is greater than the threshold, and record the sum of Horizontal projection pixel values, and then set a threshold to filter out unwanted horizontal lines. Second to look for the vertical line is greater than the threshold, and record the sum of vertical projection pixel values, and then set a threshold to filter out unwanted vertical lines. After filtration, we find the horizontal and vertical line to do a logical OR operation to combine. And then do the median filter to remove some noise, and to complete the character extraction results. And do a logical XOR operation with original image to complete the line extraction. This method can find out the position of the characters and line of engineering drawing images.

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JUN-HAO, BAI, and 白峻豪. "Application of Chinese Character Images on the Domestic Product Design." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08077842127834594678.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
木材科學與設計系所
101
Words are used in records, things, objects, images and symbols, It is an indispensable expression of human communication. The use of word’s are varies from country to country and the font usage are also different. If font Image can be utilize in products, and it can improve and Importance of Creative Industries. The study investigated the hiding meaning and shapes of Chinese Characters. We applied experiment of subjective assessment to find out the influencing factors, including cognitive concept and attention selection of Chinese Character shapes. Information Processing Model was used to collect data, and using statistics software to analyze data. According to these shape factors, We can developing some products in cultural and creative applications. It can be endowed with significance in products.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Character images'

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