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Journal articles on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

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Zhang, Zhiming, Sai Wu, Huimin Miao, and Tong Zhang. "Numerical Investigation of Flow Channel Design and Tapered Slope Effects on PEM Fuel Cell Performance." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811167.

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High-power proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell vehicles are important for the realization of carbon neutrality in transportation. However, it is difficult to maintain enough fuel supply and quick water removal capacity at a high current density where reactant gas transportation and water concentration are directly affected by flow channel configurations. This study aims to investigate the tapered slope effects of a flow channel on fuel cell performance using a 3-D CFD model. The positive, negative, zero and hybrid tapered slopes are proposed to illustrate the fuel cell voltage, reactant gas and water vapor concentration in the flow channels. Among them, the flow channel with a positive tapered slope performs better, especially at a high current density. Then, the positive tapered slope effects are discussed, including different tapered slopes, inlet depths and widths of flow channels. The results show that the larger the tapered slope, the smaller the depth and width, and the better the fuel cell performs; the corresponding current densities are increased by a maximum of 6.53%, 12.72% and 61.13%. The outcomes stated above provide a key direction for flow channel design that can particularly achieve higher fuel cell power density at high current densities.
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Moldamuratov, Zh N., A. A. Iglikov, E. B. Madaliyeva, S. Zh Daurbekova, and A. Sh Asylbekov. "CROSS-SECTION CHANNELS OF HYDRAULICALLY AND STATICALLY STABLE SHAPE." Bulletin of Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Construction 86, no. 4 (2022): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.51488/1680-080x/2022.4-20.

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The article presents the results of research on the substantiation of giving a stable shape of cross-section to the channels of hydro-reclamation systems of southern Kazakhstan. The calculations on the stability of irrigation channel slopes were made, as well as their design features and practical substantiation of stable profiles were presented. The shapes of stable slope were determined using of actual values of geotechnical parameters of slope soils. The results showed that the slope profile takes a stable shape during the channel operation, close to the parabolic.
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Debabeche, Mahmoud, Sonia Cherhabil, Amin Hafnaoui, and Bachir Achour. "Hydraulic jump in a sloped triangular channel." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 4 (2009): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-136.

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The hydraulic jump in a sloped triangular channel of 90° central angle is theoretically and experimentally examined. The study aims to determine the effect of the channel's slope on the sequent depth ratio of the jump. A theoretical relation is proposed for the inflow Froude number as function of the sequent depth ratio and the channel slope. An experimental analysis is also proposed to find a better formulation of the obtained relation. For this motive, six positive slopes are tested. The relations obtained are recommended for designing irrigation ditches.
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Huyghe, Pascale, Michel Foata, Eric Deville, Georges Mascle, and Caramba Working Group. "Channel profiles through the active thrust front of the southern Barbados prism." Geology 32, no. 5 (2004): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g20000.1.

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Abstract Submarine channels of the Orinoco River were analyzed using high-quality, dense- coverage bathymetric and seismic data provided by a recent marine survey on the southern Barbados prism. Analysis of the syntectonic sediments on seismic profiles shows that the four to five frontmost structures show evidence of recent tectonic movement. Slope analysis of the major channels was performed. From their headwaters to domains of little or no active tectonics, the channels display <0.2% slope and form levees. Slope and incision increase gradually in domains of moderate tectonics, but deep canyons with ∼2% mean slope form where the channels cross the active frontal folds of the prism. Detailed correlation between the active structures, their geometry, and canyon slope suggest that systematic variations in channel gradient highlight variations in substrate uplift rate. Steep slopes induced by uplift accelerate sediment flow and enhance incision. Nonetheless, such slope analysis is subject to complications introduced by variations in sediment flux and transient erosional conditions.
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Locat, Jacques, Ali Azizian, Jim Stronach, et al. "Morphological signature of gully development by rapid slide retrogression in a layered coarse-grained delta foreslope." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 500, no. 1 (2020): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp500-2019-159.

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AbstractCoarse-grained deltas are often characterized by steep foreslopes (often more than 10°) that are traversed by delta-front channels. The channels thus erode into relatively steeply inclined bedding. In this context, the slopes flanking the channels can be steeper than the friction angle since they include a component of dip related to the delta-front slope as well as the channel-related erosion slope. In this study, part of the Busu River delta (Papua New Guinea) was imaged using a high-resolution multibeam bathymetry survey over an area where the angle of the slopes flanking the channels locally reaches 50°. A detailed analysis of the delta slope morphology has revealed an additional source of instability due to erosion within the main channels. In some places, erosion cuts into the channel flank forming a local knickpoint inclined in a direction approaching that of the bed dip. The cut can then initiate breaching or static liquefaction failure from that point up to the crest of the interfluve resulting in a V-shaped gully.
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Sümeghy, Borbála, and Tímea Kiss. "Morphological and hydrological characteristics of paleo-channels on the alluvial fan of the Maros River, Hungary." Journal of Environmental Geography 5, no. 1-4 (2012): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jengeo-2012-43803.

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The aim of our research was to identify and map the paleo-channel systems on the alluvial fan of the Maros River and to analyse their spatial characteristics. The study on flow directions, horizontal channel parameters and paleo-discharge of the channels can help to forecast the maximum flood discharge and channel changes influenced by climate variations. The paleo-channel generations on the Maros alluvial fan form 13 zones with well defined boundaries. These zones can be either dominated by meandering (5), braided (2), or the mixture of meandering and braided patterns (3). The remaining three paleo-channel zones exhibit an anastomosing pattern but they were not analysed in this study. The horizontal morphological parameters of the braided, the meandering and the misfit channels were measured. Based on these morphometric parameters and regional discharge equations the bankfull discharge of the meandering zones was calculated. The greatest discharge was around 2655 m3/s while the smallest was 27 m3/s in case of a misfit paleo-channel. Based on the slope conditions the alluvial fan was divided into three parts. The greatest slope (31.0 cm/km) was found in the central part of the alluvial fan, whilst slightly lower slopes (23.8 cm/km and 24.9 cm/km) characterise its axial and distal parts. These parameters refer to a normal radial profile of an alluvial fan. The channel pattern changes are in close relation with differences in slope. This is the most obvious in zone No. IX, where braided channels transform into meandering and then braided again from east to west in accordance with slope conditions.
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Harishidayat, Dicky, and Wasif Rehman Raja. "Quantitative Seismic Geomorphology of Four Different Types of the Continental Slope Channel Complexes in the Canterbury Basin, New Zealand." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (2022): 4386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094386.

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Modern marine seismic reflection data have allowed for the study of the morphology of submarine channels in a 3D perspective. This study presents a quantitative analysis of continental slope channel complexes morphology within the Canterbury Basin (New Zealand). It aims to characterize the morphology and seismic facies of submarine channels to better understand their formative sedimentary processes, paleoenvironment, and petroleum prospectivity. Submarine channel morphometric parameters are measured at 150 m intervals perpendicular to the axis of channels complexes. Based on the morphology analysis of erosional surfaces and seismic facies of channel complexes filling deposits, four types of continental slope channel complexes are found in the study area. These are vertical migrating channels, lateral migrating channels, V-shaped channels, and U-shaped channels. Furthermore, our work shows that channel morphometry varies over distances of 0.1 to 14 km in this continental slope system. These changes indicate a combination of submarine gravity flow process and channel wall collapse responsible for the development of continental slope channel complexes. Regionally, the evolution of the channels indicated less significant regional plate movement. This quantitative seismic geomorphology approach of characterizing submarine channels system has broader applications for better interpretation of paleoenvironment and petroleum prospectivity within frontier basins.
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Karapetyan, M. A., S. K. Toygambayev, and Kh A. Abdulmazhidov. "Experimental studies of slope stability of reclamation drainage channels." Prirodoobustrojstvo, no. 4 (2024): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2024-4-52-57.

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The article presents the results of experimental studies of the stability of slopes of reclamation channels. Experimental studies were carried out on the Grand Channel of the Laboratory of Sprinkler Machines and Hydraulic Drive of the Department of Organization and Technologies of Irrigation and Reclamation and Construction Works of the Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction named after A.N. Kostyakov. The work of the reclamation drainage system is accompanied by the appearance of sediments, siltation of herbaceous and shrubby vegetation at the bottom and slopes of the channel. For the normal functioning of the reclamation drainage system, it is necessary to maintain the design dimensions of the channels during the entire period of their operation. To clean drainage channels, special channel cleaning machines of periodic or continuous action on caterpillar or pneumatic wheels are used, and general construction excavators with widened buckets are also often used. The operation of all these machines with a large operating weight has a peculiarity, which consists in their movement in the process of cleaning along the channel along the berm sections close to the edge. Such a situation can lead to a violation of the stability of the slopes, which in turn disrupts the capacity of the channel bed and its design geometric dimensions. The study of slope instability from the loads of channel cleaning machines allows you to correctly design the channel section and form a cleaning technology.
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Ziqi, Chen. "Design of the System of an Assemblable Channel Slope Weeder." Journal of Energy Research and Reviews 16, no. 7 (2024): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jenrr/2024/v16i7361.

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If the grass roots of the water conveyance channel slope dig into the soil, it may cause the soil structure to loosen, and then increase the risk of slope landslide. The operation of manual cleaning weeds is dangerous due to the large slope of the channel. In this context, the design of a channel slope weeder that can adapt to different slopes is very important for the protection of the water channel slope. The weeder concept vehicle designed in this paper is mainly composed of four parts: drive car, frame mechanism, track mechanism and weeder mechanism. At the same time, the structure is analyzed by finite element method, and the stability and safety are analyzed by strength. The reference is provided for the design of the algal removal vehicle on the channel slope.
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Lee, Kyutae, Ali R. Firoozfar, and Marian Muste. "Technical Note: Monitoring of unsteady open channel flows using the continuous slope-area method." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 3 (2017): 1863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1863-2017.

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Abstract. The advent of low-cost pressure transducers capable of directly measuring water surface elevation enables continuous measurements of dynamic water surface slopes. This opens up a new possibility of dynamically monitoring unsteady flows (i.e., hysteresis) during the course of flood wave propagation. Hysteresis in this context refers to a looped stage–discharge rating caused by unsteadiness of flows. Hysteresis is monitored in this study using a continuous slope area (CSA) method, which uses Manning's equation to calculate unsteady discharges based on continuously measured water surface slopes. In the rising stage, water surface slopes become steeper than a steady water surface slope, resulting in higher discharges than steady-based discharges, while the trends are reversed in the falling stage. The CSA method applied to Clear Creek near Oxford (Iowa, USA) estimates the maximum differences of peak discharges by 30–40 %, while it shows sound agreements for a low to medium range of discharges against USGS steady-based records. The primary cause of these differences is the use of a single channel bed slope in deriving Manning's roughness coefficients. The use of a single channel bed slope (conceptually equal to the water surface slopes at every stage in uniform flow conditions) causes substantial errors in estimating the channel roughness, specifically at high stages, because non-uniformities of natural channels result in varying (non-uniform) steady water surface slopes at each stage. While the CSA method is promising for dynamically tracking unsteady water surface slopes and flows in natural streams, more studies are still needed to increase the accuracy of the CSA method in future research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

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Fitton, Timothy, and tfitton@hotmail com. "Tailings beach slope prediction." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080212.120813.

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Tailings (mining waste) disposal is a significant consideration for the mining industry, with the majority of the ore processed in most mining operations ending up as tailings. This creates large volumes of tailings, which must be handled and stored responsibly to avoid potential environmental catastrophes. The most common form of tailings storage facility is the impoundment, where tailings are contained within a basin, with beaches forming around the perimeter of the impoundment and a pond standing in the middle. A relatively new method of tailings storage is to create a 'stack', whereby the tailings solids form a large heap, with the discharge of tailings slurry from the apex of the heap. It is of significant value for mine operators and tailings engineers to be able to predict the shape of the beach that forms in either of these disposal scenarios. The key to being able to do this relies on a method of prediction of the beach slope. The aim of this work is to develop a method of tailings beach slope prediction for tailings slurries that are sub-aerially discharged from a pipe. In this thesis a literature review is undertaken, investigating existing methods for the prediction of tailings beach slopes. These methods are validated against relevant industrial and experimental data. Two separate phases of experimental work have taken place in an effort to investigate tailings deposition behaviour, one at mine sites and the other in a laboratory on a small scale. Three new tailings beach slope prediction models are presented; a simple empirical model enabling quick approximate predictions; an a priori tailings beach slope prediction model based on existing theories of open channel flow, sediment transport and rheology, which is more powerful due to the greater degree of theory in its foundation; and a new semi-empirical model that shares some of the theoretical aspects of the a priori model but offers better predictions due to its empirical calibration to the experimental data. The experimental results, along with 3 other independently collected sets of relevant industrial and experimental data, are used to validate the beach slope prediction models found in the literature, as well as the new beach slope models presented in this thesis. Statistical evaluation of the performance of all of these models is presented to enable comparison. Finally, a new beach shape model is presented for the three dimensional geometric forecasting of the beach surface of a tailings stack. Historic tailings discharge data is run through the beach shape model, and the shapes predicted by the model are compared with aerial survey data of a real tailings stack for validation of the shape model. This work not only presents a new method of tailings stack shape prediction, but also a plausible theory for explaining the concavity of tailings beaches. The stack shape model also has the potential to be developed further for the three dimensional modelling of tailings beaches formed in other types of storage facilities, such as impoundments or valleys.
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Hall, Robert Alan. "Internal waves and slope mixing in the Faroe-Shetland Channel." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507197.

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Silva, Carlos Manuel de Assis. "Controls on slope channel-levee evolution in the Amazon fan." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4715/.

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Submarine channel-levee architecture is a result of interaction between turbiditic flows and the bathymetry that they encounter on the slope and that they themselves construct. However, the spatio-temporal evolution of channellevee systems, i.e., their manner of spatial accretion is not fully understood. In addition, the controls on the patterns of channel distribution and stacking remain relatively poorly understood. The results presented in this thesis are based on the interpretation of a 3D seismic survey located in water depths of about 1000 to 2000 m on the upper slope of the Amazon Fan. The analysis of the data includes two different approaches: on a larger scale, the interpretation of the tectono-stratigraphic analysis of the data; and on a smaller scale, the characterization of the evolution of the channel-levee systems and associated deposits. The methods of analysis used included the mapping of significant horizons and the extraction of sequences horizon slices across the channel-levee systems. The horizon slices allowed visualisation of the vertical distribution of the channel-levee elements and interpretation of their evolution. The seismic data can be divided in two main packages, separated by an unconformity. The pre-unconformity package is characterized by a predominant sub-parallel seismic facies (characterized by continuous, homogeneous and sub-parallel reflections), and is strongly folded and faulted due to gravity tectonics. In this interval, no channel-levee systems were identified, but canyonlike channels with dimensions as large as 2600 m wide and 220 m deep were observed. Conversely, the post-unconformity package comprises a heterogeneous arrangement of seismic facies, and is less strongly deformed. Three upslope-stacked channel-levee systems of Middle Pleistocene age can be distinguished in this interval. Each channel disperses obliquely down the slope, resulting in levee size asymmetry, with the downslope levee being of greatest size. The upslope stacking of channel-levee systems results from a sequence of avulsions on the upslope levees. Bathymetric influence of the older channel levee system is interpreted to dictate the slope-oblique orientation of the new channel. Two main architectural styles were identified, each one associated with different models of spatia-temporal development of channel-levees. A pattern of upstream accretion of the aggradational (channel-levee) component of the channel is associated with the channel narrowing and becoming more sinuous upward. This style is characterized by an onlapping pattern of channel and levee reflections. Downstream accretion of channel-levee is associated with a trend of channel widening and becoming less sinuous upwards. This style is characterized by a downlap pattern of the channel and levee reflections. Each style is related to different evolutionary histories of the turbidite flows and thalweg configuration in relation to the equilibrium profile. Three styles of channel distribution on slope can be distinguished: structurally controlled erosive channels, aggradational channels obliquely oriented to the slope and agradationally confined channels that are vertically stacked. The pre-unconformity erosive channels are diverted and possibly owe their erosive character to active anticlines that kept the paleo-slope above the equilibrium profile. The oblique direction of each channel in the postunconformity interval was inherited from the previous one in a sequence of upslope stacking after systematic avulsion through the left-hand levee. The vertical stacking of channel-levee elements is due to the confinement of the channel between the outsize downslope levee and an upslope anticline which inhibited avulsion in the area. It is probable that each stacked channel-levee element corresponds to a downstream channel avulsion. This study provided important information about the architecture and distribution of channels on the upper-slope of submarine fans subject to gravitational tectonics. Therefore, it can be used as an analogue and help the prediction of sand prone areas in other submarine fans which are not so well imaged.
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Zoh, Brice. "An Underwater Channel Model and Chirp Slope Keying Modulation Scheme Performance." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1263.

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Chirp-Slope Keying (CSK) is a new and innovative digital modulation scheme for underwater data transmission. The underwater environment brings up several challenges to the manufacturing and operation of communication systems. This thesis shows through analysis and simulations the effectiveness of Chirp-Slope Keying (CSK) in providing a satisfying performance in underwater communication. The experiment consists of modulating a chirp slope by binary numbers (representing our data). '0' is represented by a linear- down chirp and '1' is represented by a linear-up chirp. The received data is first processed by a correlator receiver. Then, the detection of either binary symbol is obtained by the comparison to a threshold. Simulation results for numerous signal-to-noise ratios show that CSK provides satisfying performance for underwater data transmission. The Mississippi gulf coast shallow water Data collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), (see appendix), allow us to accurately generate a laboratory model for the channel of interest.
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Hardbattle, Carol. "Slope-channel connectivity for fine sediment transport in river systems : a national perspective." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410810.

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Li, Pan. "Architecture and sedimentology of slope channel fills : an outcrop- and subsurface-based study." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231778.

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Slope channel systems represent significant but highly variable deep-water stratigraphic features and reservoir targets. Variations in architecture and component facies can take place along strike, depositional dip and stratigraphically. A better understanding of these variations permits improved sedimentological and architectural models. By integrating two outcrops (San Clemente, California and Baja California, Mexico) and one subsurface example (offshore Nile Delta), this study provides an opportunity to investigate cross-channel asymmetry, stratigraphic evolution and variability, vertical facies trends, and controls of slope channel systems. This study demonstrates that cross-channel asymmetry in facies and architecture is a lithology- and scale-independent feature, and preferentially occurs at channel bends and in the upper part of slope channel systems. Facies and architectural asymmetry are generally expressed as amalgamated, coarser-grained deposits displaced to the steeper channel edge (outer bend), and finer-grained deposits dominate towards the gentler channel edge (inner bend). A comparison of the systems exposed in Mexico and buried in the subsurface reveals a similar evolutionary trend, from initial sediment erosion/bypass, through early-stage laterally amalgamated channels, late-stage sinuous channels with levees/terraces, and final abandonment. However, pronounced variations exist in the late stage (e.g., presence or absence of lobes), and abandonment stage (e.g., presence or absence of MTDs plugging and channel avulsion). Additionally, for the first time, this study quantitatively demonstrates that early-stage and late-stage architectural elements are characterized by distinct patterns in preferred vertical facies transitions, based on Markov chain analysis of vertical successions. This study also suggests that both extrabasinal factors (e.g., relative sea-level) induced flow energy cycles and intrabasinal factors (e.g., folding and faulting, MTDs, channel bends) can exert a significant control on the architecture and/or evolution of slope channel systems.
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Ugueto, Lilian L. Navarro. "Depositional architecture and evolution of deep-water base-of-slope and slope channel complexes in a passive-margin setting: Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup (Neoproterozoic), southern Canadian Cordillera." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27278.

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The Isaac Formation in the Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup crops out in the Castle Creek South area (southwestern Canadian Cordillera) and consists of a more than 1.2 km-thick, laterally continuous slope deposit formed along the ancestral passive margin of western North America. Within the study area, six channel complex sets have been recognized, of which two, named informally Channels 1 and 3, are the focus of this study. Channel 1 exposes an oblique section of base-of-slope channel deposits, whereas Channel 3, at least in its lower part, is a flow-transverse section. Channels 1 and 3 are 200-300 m thick and laterally extend over 1.1 km, and were initiated following two major falls of relative sea level. Detailed relationships between the intrachannel facies, architecture and geometry within both complex sets indicates that each comprises several vertically-stacked channel complexes that locally are separated by thin-bedded, mudstone-dominated turbidites interpreted to represent channel-abandonment deposits. Each channel complex consists of several channel units, which, in turn, are composed of multiple channel fills. Channel fills are up to 30 m thick and show different infill geometries (amalgamated, semi-amalgamated or layered, non-amalgamated and accretionary), exhibiting systematic lateral changes in fill from channel axis to channel margin. Multistory and multilateral fills in Channels 1 and 3 record a complex repetitive history of channel incision/bypass, aggradation, deactivation, migration and reincision. These erosional and depositional episodes are the result of changes in the equilibrium channel profile, flow parameters, and/or eustatic fluctuations.
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Faulkenberry, Laura. "High-resolution seismic architecture of upper slope submarine channel and canyon systems : Gulf of Mexico and offshore Nigeria." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411303.

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Anderson, Bryan James. "Evolution of coarse-grained, upper slope channel fairway deposits, Paleocene El Rosario Formation, San Carlos, Baja California, Mexico." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/anderson/AndersonB1209.pdf.

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Grinyó, Andreu Jordi. "Ecological study of benthic communities in the continental shelf and upper slope in the Menorca Channel (North Western Mediterranean)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403988.

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Technological development and increased availability of remotely operated vehicles and manned submersibles have significantly increased accessibility to deep environments revealing the presence of rich and diverse macrobenthic assemblages dominated by suspension feeders. These assemblages have been largely exposed to the impacts of fishing activities (especially bottom trawling) in the Mediterranean Sea. Consequently, it is currently urgent to increase knowledge on their distribution, as well as on the ecology and biology of the main species that constitute these macrobenthic assemblages in order to implement effective management and conservation measures. This thesis addressed the characterization of macrobenthic assemblages in the continental shelf and upper slope (40-360 m depth) of the Menorca Channel through a multidisciplinary approach at different ecological levels. Six macrobenthic assemblages mainly segregated by substrate and depth. Hard substrates hosted sponge grounds and coral gardens, whereas crinoid and brachiopod beds occurred on soft sediments. Highest diversity values were found in the shelf edge, probably as a consequence of the bottom heterogeneity and the constant hydrodynamic conditions. Gorgonians were one of the most important and diverse bioengineering organisms in the Menorca Channel, forming dense assemblages that extended over vast areas. Gorgonian assemblages on the continental shelf and upper slope were mostly monospecific, whereas shelf edge assemblages were highly multispecific. Small colonies were dominant throughout the studied bathymetric range, but in deeper environments intermediate and large colonies were more abundant. The good preservation state of most of the observed benthic assemblages and gorgonian populations is probably related to the low pressure of bottom trawling which is mostly concentrated in deeper areas of the continental slope. Paramuricea macrospina is the most abundant gorgonian species in the Menorca Channel. Throughout its distribution, three different chromatic forms were observed. Two forms occurred on the continental shelf, and a third occurred on the shelf edge. Colony shape, sclerite size and shape, and the genetic variability of mitochondrial markers were compared to elucidate if these chromatic forms represented different taxonomic units. Colony morphology barely changed among the three forms resulting as a high conservative character. Conversely, sclerite size and shape significantly differed amongst the three forms, possibly conditioned by genetic and environmental factors. However, no significant differences were observed in the studied mitochondrial markers. The reproductive cycle, energy storage and metabolic requirements of P. macrospina showed significant differences compared to Mediterranean coastal gorgonians. Its reproductive cycle was delayed 2¿3 months respect to shallow species, possibly following the late summer increase in seawater temperature occurring on the Mediterranean continental shelf. Moreover, internal brooding in P. macrospina contrasts with surface brooding in the congeneric Paramuricea clavata. Lipid content was lower and more constant in P.macrospina than in shallow species, and d13C and d15N composition showed almost no seasonal variation, suggesting that food availability in the continental shelf is lower but more constant than in shallower environments. The high oligotrophic conditions of the Balearic Sea apparently contrasts with the high abundance and diversity of active and passive suspension feeders observed in the Menorca Channel. Indeed, the downward particle fluxes quantified during two consecutive years in the Menorca Canyon were comparatively low within the Mediterranean context, reflecting the oligotrophic nature of the study area and the lack of continental inputs of particulate matter. Hydrodynamic settings and resuspenion appear to control TMF.<br>Les millores tecnològiques i la major disponibilitat de vehicles operats remotament i submains tripulats han incrementat l'accessibilitat a entorns profunds, revelant la presència associacions d'organismes bentòniques riques i diverses, dominades per suspensívors. Aquestes agregacions han estat altament impactades per la pesca al Mediterrani. És urgent incrementar el coneixement, sobre la distribució d'aquestes associacions i aspectes claus de la biologia i ecologia de les principals espècies que les constitueixen per tal d'establir mesures de conservació efectives. En aquesta tesi es caracteritzen les associacions bentòniques de la plataforma i talús continentals del Canal de Menorca a través d'una aproximació multidisciplinària a diferents nivells ecològics. S'han identificat sis associacions bentòniques diferents, que es diferencien principalment pel tipus de substrat i el rang batimètric. En els substrats durs s'hi ha trobat fons d'esponges i coralls, en els fons tous s'hi han trobat camps de crinoïdeus i braquiòpodes. Al marge continental s'hi concentren la diversitat més elevada, probablement resultant de l'heterogeneïtat ambiental i l'hidrodinamisme d'aquest entorn. Al Canal de Menorca les gorgònies són un dels organismes bioenginyers més importants i diversos, formant denses agregacions sobre amplies zones. Les agregacions de gorgònies a la plataforma i part superior del talús eren principalment monoespecífiques, mentre que les del marge continental eren multiespecífiques. Les colònies petites eren les més abundants al llarg de tot el rang batimètric. Tot i així, en entorns profunds les colònies mitjanes i grans incrementaven la seva abundància. El bon estat de les associacions bentòniques i les poblacions de gorgònies probablement resulta de la baixa pressió del ròssec, que es concentra a major fondària. Paramuricea macrospina és la gorgònia més abundant del Canal de Menorca. Al llarg de la seva distribució batimètrica es varen observar tres variants cromàtiques diferents. Dues es varen trobar a la plataforma i una tercera es trobà al marge continental. Per tal d'esbrinar si les diferents variants eren unitats taxonòmiques diferents s'han estudiat la forma colonial, la variabilitat de tamany i formes dels esclerits així com la variabilitat en marcadors mitocondrials. Es va detectar molt poca variabilitat en la morfologia colonial de les tres variants, suggerint que és un caràcter conservatiu. El tamany i la morfologia dels esclerits diferia significativament entre les tres variants, suggerint que estan influenciats per factors ambientals i genètics. No es varen trobar diferències entre els tres marcadors mitocondrials. S'ha avaluat el cicle reproductor, l'acúmul energètic i les necessitats metabòlics de P. macrospina. El cicle reproductiu d'aquesta espècia està retardat respecte les espècies de gorgònia mediterrànies somes. Aquesta situació podria sorgir de l'augment tardà de la temperatura de l'aigua a la plataforma continental mediterrània. El fet que P. macrospina sigui una internal brooder contrasta amb que Paramuricea clavata sigui una surface brooder. El contingut lipídic de P. macrospina és més baix però més constant que el d'espècies somes mediterrànies. D'altra banda la composició de la d13C i la d15N gairebé nos presentaven fluctuacions estacionals. Suggerint que la disponibilitat d'aliment a la plataforma és més baixa però més constant que en entorns somers. Al marge sud del Canal de Menorca hi trobem el Canyó de Menorca. Tot i l'elevada oligotròfia del mar Balear, les associacions d'organismes bentònics a la capçalera del canyó i proximitats són d'una elevada riquesa. S'ha avaluat el flux de partícules durant dos anys consecutius al canyó. Els fluxos recollits eren comparativament inferiors que els registrats en d'altres canyons mediterranis, reflectint la manca d'aportacions continentals. Els processos, de resuspensió i diferents paràmetres hidrodinàmics, semblen controlar el TMF.
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Books on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

1

Wistuba, Małgorzata. Slope-Channel Coupling as a Factor in the Evolution of Mountains. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05819-1.

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Chang, Tony H. D. Effects of interfacial level gradient and channel slope on interfacial shear stress in near-horizontal stratified gas-liquid flows. National Library of Canada, 1993.

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Limeburner, Richard. CTD observations in the Great South Channel during the South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment, SLOPEX, May-June 1989. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1989.

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Association, Portland Cement, ed. Soil-cement for facing slopes and lining channels, reservoirs and lagoons. Portland Cement Association, 1986.

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Eash, David A. Main-channel slopes of selected streams in Iowa for estimation of flood-frequency discharges. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Eash, David A. Main-channel slopes of selected streams in Iowa for estimation of flood-frequency discharges. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Eash, David A. Main-channel slopes of selected streams in Iowa for estimation of flood-frequency discharges. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Ndenecho, Emmanuel Neba. Landslide and torrent-channel problems of mountain slopes: Processes and management options for Bamenda Highlands. Unique Printers Bamenda, 2007.

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1949-, Nolan K. M., Kelsey H. M, and Marron D. C, eds. Geomorphic processes and aquatic habitat in the Redwood Creek Basin, northwestern California. U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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Racin, James A. California bank and shore rock slope protection design: Practioner's guide and field evaluations of riprap methods. California Dept. of Transportation, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

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Totani, G., P. Monaco, M. Leopardi, A. Farroni, and A. Russo Spena. "Stabilization and geoenvironmental restoration of the main central channel in the Fucino plain, Italy – A case history." In Slope Stability Engineering. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203739600-56.

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Long, D., A. G. Stevenson, C. K. Wilson, and J. Bulat. "Slope Failures in the Faroe — Shetland Channel." In Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0093-2_31.

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Wilson, C. K., D. Long, and J. Bulat. "The Afen Slide — A Multistaged Slope Failure in the Faroeshetland Channel." In Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0093-2_35.

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Gubarkov, Anatoliy, and Marina Leibman. "Cryogenic Landslides in Paragenetic Complexes of Slope and Channel Processes in the Central Yamal Peninsula." In Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_70.

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Carollo, F. G., C. Di Stefano, A. Nicosia, V. Palmeri, V. Pampalone, and V. Ferro. "Testing the Effect of the Rill Channel Slope on the Correction Factor of Surface Velocity." In AIIA 2022: Biosystems Engineering Towards the Green Deal. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30329-6_7.

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Kibiiy, Joel, and Wangai Ndirangu. "Estimation of Peak Discharge by Slope-Area Method for a Channel Reach Encompassing a Bridge." In Selected Studies in Environmental Geosciences and Hydrogeosciences. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43803-5_56.

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Gubarkov, Anatoliy, Marina Leibman, and Maria Andreeva. "Cryogenic Landslides in Paragenetic Complexes of Slope and Channel Processes in the Central Yamal Peninsula." In Landslides in Cold Regions in the Context of Climate Change. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00867-7_21.

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Holmes, R., J. Bulat, I. Hamilton, and D. Long. "Morphology of an Ice-Sheet Limit and Constructional Glacially-Fed Slope Front, Faroe-Shetland Channel." In European Margin Sediment Dynamics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55846-7_24.

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Hu, Caifeng, Feng Xiong, and Xiangkai Zhang. "The Dynamic Response Characteristics of the Slopes with Different Slope Morphology Under the Seismic Wave Action." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5814-2_35.

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AbstractThe seismic landslides are common natural hazards in the mountainous areas, and they can cause a large number of casualties and property losses directly. The dynamic response characteristics of slope under the action of the seismic wave are the primary problem in evaluating the slope seismic stability. In this paper, the research is carried out on the effects of slope angle, morphology, and seismic wave frequency on the slope dynamic responses. Firstly, the slopes with different shapes (straight, concave, and convex slopes) are modeled. Secondly, the slope acceleration amplification factors and shear strain increment are investigated and analyzed. Finally, the dynamic response mechanisms are revealed using the ray analysis method. The results show that the acceleration response of each part of the slope is different for different frequencies, and the value of the amplification factor at the slope surface center is greater than that at the slope top. Slope morphology has significant effects on the dynamic response of the slope, and the slope surface centroid amplification factors change with different slope morphology. Slope angle has prominent impacts on the slope dynamic responses; the amplification factor is greatest at the slope angle of 30°. This study deepens the understanding of the slope seismic dynamic responses, which is vital for predicting slope instability and disaster reduction.
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Huntley, David, Drew Rotheram-Clarke, Kelvin Sattler, and David Elwood. "Surficial Geology and Geomorphology of the North Slide, Thompson River Valley, British Columbia, Canada: Application of Fundamental Geoscience Information to Interpretations of Geospatial Monitoring Results." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44296-4_10.

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AbstractOur study focuses on a slow-moving landslide in the Thompson River valley, south-central British Columbia, Canada, that has posed a hazard to the national railway transportation corridor since 1880. Real-time kinematic global navigation satellite systems, unoccupied aerial vehicles, and satellite synthetic aperture radar interferometry time-series show significant displacement encroaching on railway infrastructure. In this paper, geospatial relationships between landslide distribution and specific terrain features, and the environmental conditions triggering instability are determined from field-based geological observations. We describe how earth material stratigraphy, textures, and penetrative planar structures are important controls on sub-surface drainage, and how these factors influence the style, timing, and rate of slope displacement. West of the railway tracks, slide scarps extend across the toe slope, corresponding to narrow zones of high displacement, presence of perennial springs and seepage, and cutbank erosion along the river channel. Fluvial incision exposes weak, failure-prone units at the base of the fill sequence, and with ongoing channel migration promotes instability by altering landslide toe geometry. Currently, the zone of potential displacement does not extend upslope into the inactive (1880) main slide body, east of the tracks. Seasonal variations in hydrogeological conditions influence the spatial and temporal patterns of surface water and groundwater flow, in turn controlling the distribution of translational-rotational displacement of slide blocks, and rates of movement on reactivated shear surfaces that extend under Thompson River. Slope failure occurs along weak, sub-horizontal shear zones within poorly drained glaciolacustrine clay and silt units, overlain by rapidly drained glaciofluvial outwash gravel, and imperfectly drained till diamicton. River levels exert a complex control on landslide stability, influencing hydraulic gradients within the basal glaciolacustrine unit, particularly along rupture surfaces within it. Ground displacement occurs while river levels are at their lowest between February and March, before peak flows in June, or after July until December while storm-fed river levels progressively lower to the next winter minimum. Groundwater levels remain elevated in the slide body throughout the year, contained in porous gravel and sand beds, and along brittle fractures and sub-horizonal shear zones in silt-clay varve beds. Geospatial and temporal change-detection monitoring of active landslides and at-risk infrastructure, when benchmarked with terrain and hydrogeological observations, is a cost-effective hazard management practice that provides important geoscience information to help develop appropriate early warning, mitigation, adaptation, and risk reduction measures.
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Conference papers on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

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Varlamov, V. O., E. O. Lobova, and E. M. Lobov. "Algorithm of Ionospheric Channel Dispersion Characteristic Slope and Transmission Coefficients Joint Optimal Filtering." In 2024 Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications (SYNCHROINFO). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/synchroinfo61835.2024.10617471.

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Lou, Jiajun, Quanan Chen, Zifeng Chen, Chun Jiang, Qiaoyin Lu, and Weihua Guo. "Electro-Optically Tuned Multi-Channel Interference Laser with Rear-Emission for Fast Wavelength Switching." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2025.w2a.25.

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Monolithic multi-channel interference widely-tunable lasers with an integrated rear-emission structure for fast wavelength switching have been developed. The laser demonstrates a tuning-range &gt; 48 nm, output power &gt; 40 mW, ~50% improvement in slope-efficiency and a wavelength switching-time &lt; 100 ns.
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Bae, Ji Eun, Pavel Loiko, Fabian Rotermund, Gurvan Brasse, Alain Braud, and Patrice Camy. "Highly-efficient Tm:LiYF4 Waveguide Laser Passively Q-switched by Carbon Nanotubes." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/assl.2024.am3a.2.

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A Tm:LiYF4 diamond-saw-diced channel waveguide laser passively Q-switched by a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber delivers 1.30 W at 1885 nm with a slope efficiency of 64.2% emitting 45-ns/0.87-μJ pulses at 1.50-MHz repetition rate.
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Ahn, Jaewoong, Seung Hun Choi, Jun Yeol An, Minseong Um, and Hyung-Min Lee. "6.8 A Real-Time Pixel-Compensated Source-Driver IC with Dual-Slope Error Detection and Multi-Channel Time-Multiplexing Compensator for Compact OLED Displays." In 2025 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904690.

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Shen, Minqi, and Anders Host-Madsen. "Wideband slope of interference channel: Finite bandwidth case." In 2011 49th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/allerton.2011.6120225.

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Fasol, Melissa C. M., Javier Escudero, and Alfredo Gonzalez-Sulser. "Single-Channel EEG Artifact Identification with the Spectral Slope." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385840.

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Samuel, A., A. Sharp, A. Sitta, J. Millington, and T. Worku. "Deep Water Slope Channel Reservoirs from the Nile Delta, Egypt." In EAGE Conference on Geology and Petroleum Geology of the Mediterranean and Circum-Mediterranean Basins. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201406025.

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Zhang, Hongjie, and Ben Kneller. "Forward modeling of a deepwater slope channel system, Baja, California." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-1015.1.

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Lu, Xin, Guangming Lin, and Jun Xu. "Slope Interpolation Tracing Channel Estimation Method for MIMO-OFDMA Systems." In 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering, CASE 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/case.2009.85.

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Wen-Hao Zhang, Zun-Cao Li, Yun-He Guan, Qi Xiong, and Chuang Zheng. "Tunnel MOSFET with partial channel underlap exhibiting low subthreshold slope." In 2016 13th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2016.7998706.

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Reports on the topic "CHANNEL SLOPE"

1

Campbell, D. C., D. J. W. Piper, D. C. Mosher, and K. A. Jenner. Sun-illuminated seafloor topography, Mohican channel, Scotian Slope, offshore Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/225380.

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Conway, K. W., and J. V. Barrie. Large submarine slope failures and associated Quaternary faults in Douglas Channel, British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/297316.

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Campbell, D. C., D. J. W. Piper, D. C. Mosher, and K. A. Jenner. Surficial geology and sun-illuminated seafloor topography, Mohican channel, Scotian Slope, offshore Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/225383.

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Miller, Sarah J., J. C. Fischenich, and Christopher I. Thornton. Stability Thresholds and Performance Standards for Flexible Lining Materials in Channel and Slope Restoration Applications. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada577241.

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King, E. L., O. Brown, B. Chapman, et al. Hudson 2005023 cruise report: geological investigations in Northeast Channel and the adjacent slope, Scotian Shelf. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/221515.

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Campbell, D. C., D. J. W. Piper, D. C. Mosher, and K. A. Jenner. Seismic reflection profiles, Mohican channel, Verrill Canyon, and Logan Canyon, Scotian Slope, offshore Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/225386.

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Conway, K. W., J. V. Barrie, and R. E. Thomson. Submarine slope failures and tsunami hazard in coastal British Columbia: Douglas Channel and Kitimat Arm. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/291732.

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Sharp, Jeremy, Locke Williams, Duncan Bryant, et al. Rough River Outlet Works physical model study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41043.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District, requested the support and assistance of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), in the evaluation of the hydraulic performance of the replacement Outlet Works for Rough River Dam. To support the design effort, CHL constructed a 1:25.85 scale physical model. The proposed features of the model in the domain are the curved approach channel, intake structure, transition, curved conduit, stilling basin, concrete apron, and retreat channel. Tests performed to evaluate the hydraulic performance illuminated a few design concerns. To address these issues, several key design changes were made. These included the retreat channel slope, end sill design, and transition design.
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Mosher, D. C., D. J. W. Piper, K. MacKillop, and K. Jarrett. Near surface geology of the Halibut Channel region of the SW Newfoundland Slope from GSC data holdings. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/261390.

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Haring, Christopher, and Michael Dougherty. Geomorphic metrics used in FluvialGeomorph. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47494.

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FluvialGeomorph (FG) is a geographic information system-based geomorphic analysis toolkit that analyzes high-resolution terrain data to provide river-reach assessments for watershed studies. This report demonstrates the utility of FG to identify physical stream channel characteristics that are used to determine channel stability. The FG toolbox is a remote-sensing approach based on lidar data, designed to measure channel, floodplain, valley, and watershed metrics necessary for watershed assessments. Currently, channel slope and cross-sectional analysis and planform metrics are being evaluated with existing lidar data from different hydrophysiographic regions within the United States. Recent study areas include the Northwest, Southwest, South, Midwest, and upper Midwest of the United States.
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