Relevant bibliographies by topics / Channel responses

Academic literature on the topic 'Channel responses'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Channel responses"

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Roy, Arijit, Fatemeh Derakhshan, and Richard J. A. Wilson. "Stress peptide PACAP engages multiple signaling pathways within the carotid body to initiate excitatory responses in respiratory and sympathetic chemosensory afferents." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 304, no. 12 (June 15, 2013): R1070—R1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00465.2012.

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Consistent with a critical role in respiratory and autonomic stress responses, the carotid bodies are strongly excited by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide implicated in stress responses throughout the sympathetic nervous system. PACAP excites isolated carotid body glomus cells via activation of PAC1 receptors, with one study suggesting PAC1-induced excitation is due entirely to protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated inhibition of TASK channels. However, in other systems, PAC1 is known to be coupled to multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including PKA, phospholipase C (PLC), phospholipase D (PLD), and protein kinase C (PKC), that trigger multiple downstream effectors including increased Ca2+ mobilization, inhibition of various K+ channels, and activation of nonselective cation channels. This study tests if non-PKA/TASK channel signaling helps mediate the stimulatory effects of PACAP on the carotid body. Using an ex vivo arterially perfused rat carotid body preparation, we show that PACAP-38 stimulates carotid sinus nerve activity in a biphasic manner (peak response, falling to plateau). PKA blocker H-89 only reduced the plateau response (∼41%), whereas the TASK-1-like K+ channel blocker/transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel agonist anandamide only inhibited the peak response (∼48%), suggesting involvement of additional pathways. The PLD blocker CAY10594 significantly inhibited both peak and plateau responses. The PLC blocker U73122 decimated both peak and plateau responses. Brefeldin A, a blocker of Epac (cAMP-activated guanine exchange factor, reported to link Gs-coupled receptors with PLC/PLD), also reduced both phases of the response, as did blocking signaling downstream of PLC/PLD with the PKC inhibitors chelerythrine chloride and GF109203X. Suggesting the involvement of non-TASK ion channels in the effects of PACAP, the A-type K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine, and the putative transient receptor potential channel (TRPC)/T-type calcium channel blocker SKF96365 each significantly inhibited the peak and steady-state responses. These data suggest the stimulatory effect of PACAP-38 on carotid body sensory activity is mediated through multiple signaling pathways: the PLC-PKC pathways predominates, with TRPC and/or T-type channel activation and Kv channel inactivation; only partial involvement is attributable to PKA and PLD activation.
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Fallet, Rachel W., Joseph P. Bast, Keiji Fujiwara, Naohito Ishii, Steven C. Sansom, and Pamela K. Carmines. "Influence of Ca2+-activated K+ channels on rat renal arteriolar responses to depolarizing agonists." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 280, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): F583—F591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.4.f583.

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Experiments were performed to evaluate the hypothesis that opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCachannels) promotes juxtamedullary arteriolar dilation and curtails constrictor responses to depolarizing agonists. Under baseline conditions, afferent and efferent arteriolar lumen diameters averaged 23.4 ± 0.9 ( n = 36) and 22.8 ± 1.1 ( n= 13) μm, respectively. The synthetic BKCa channel opener NS-1619 evoked concentration-dependent afferent arteriolar dilation. BKCa channel blockade (1 mM tetraethylammonium; TEA) decreased afferent diameter by 15 ± 3% and prevented the dilator response to 30 μM NS-1619. ANG II (10 nM) decreased afferent arteriolar diameter by 44 ± 4%, a response that was reduced by 30% during NS-1619 treatment; however, TEA failed to alter afferent constrictor responses to either ANG II or arginine vasopressin. Neither NS-1619 nor TEA altered agonist-induced constriction of the efferent arteriole. Thus, although the BKCa channel agonist was able to curtail afferent (but not efferent) arteriolar constrictor responses to ANG II, BKCa channel blockade did not allow exaggerated agonist-induced arteriolar constriction. These observations suggest that the BKCa channels evident in afferent arteriolar smooth muscle do not provide a prominent physiological brake on agonist-induced constriction under our experimental conditions.
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Sheridan, Brett C., Robert C. McIntyre, Daniel R. Meldrum, and David A. Fullerton. "KATP channels contribute to β- and adenosine receptor-mediated pulmonary vasorelaxation." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 273, no. 5 (November 1, 1997): L950—L956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.273.5.l950.

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ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels have been implicated in the regulation of vasomotor tone in aortic, mesenteric, and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Several investigators have described an association between KATP channels and isoproterenol (Iso)-stimulated relaxation responses. To study the relationship between receptor-dependent pulmonary vasorelaxation and KATP channels, we examined the response to agonists that generate adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate at two distinct levels of the signal transduction pathway after inhibition or activation of KATP channels in isolated rat pulmonary artery rings. Cumulative concentration responses to β-adrenergic receptor stimulation (Iso), purinergic receptor stimulation [adenosine (Ado)], and direct stimulation of adenylate cyclase [forskolin (FSK)] were studied with and without concurrent inhibition of KATP channels (glibenclamide or tolbutamide). In addition, the effect of direct KATP channel activation (cromakalim) on the response to β-adrenergic and purinergic receptor stimulation was determined. Last, we investigated the influence of KATP channel inhibition on endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms of pulmonary vasorelaxation linked to guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate production. KATPchannel inhibition impaired the response to Iso and Ado. Activation of KATP channels caused a leftward shift in the dose responses of Iso and Ado, with a significant decrease in the 50% effective concentration for each agent. KATP channel inhibition did not impair the pulmonary arterial vasorelaxation response to FSK, acetylcholine, or sodium nitroprusside. KATP channels appear to contribute to β-adrenergic and purinergic receptor-stimulated vasorelaxation in rat pulmonary arteries.
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Jupiter, Ryan C., Daniel Yoo, Edward A. Pankey, Vishwaradh V. G. Reddy, Justin A. Edward, David J. Polhemus, Taylor C. Peak, Prasad Katakam, and Philip J. Kadowitz. "Analysis of erectile responses to H2S donors in the anesthetized rat." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 309, no. 5 (September 2015): H835—H843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00293.2015.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically active endogenous gasotransmitter formed in penile tissue that has been shown to relax isolated cavernosal smooth muscle. In the present study, erectile responses to the H2S donors sodium sulfide (Na2S) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) were investigated in the anesthetized rat. Intracavernosal injections of Na2S in doses of 0.03–1 mg/kg increased intracavernosal pressure and transiently decreased mean arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Blood pressure responses to Na2S were rapid in onset and short in duration. Responses to Na2S and NaHS were similar at doses up to 0.3 mg/kg, after which a plateau in the erectile response to NaHS was reached. Increases in intracavernosal pressure in response to Na2S were attenuated by tetraethylammonium (K+ channel inhibitor) and iberiotoxin (large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel inhibitor), whereas glybenclamide [ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel inhibitor] and inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, cyclooxygenase, and cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase had no effect. These data indicate that erectile responses to Na2S are mediated by a tetraethylammonium- and iberiotoxin-sensitive mechanism and that KATP channels, NO, or arachidonic acid metabolites are not involved. Na2S did not alter erectile responses to sodium nitroprusside (NO donor) or cavernosal nerve stimulation, indicating that neither NO nor cGMP metabolism are altered. Thus, Na2S has erectile activity mediated by large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. It is suggested that strategies that increase H2S formation in penile tissue may be useful in the treatment of erectile dysfunction when NO bioavailability, KATP channel function, or poor responses to PGE1 are present.
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Lashinger, Erin S. R., Matthew S. Steiginga, J. Paul Hieble, Lisa A. Leon, Scott D. Gardner, Rakesh Nagilla, Elizabeth A. Davenport, Bryan E. Hoffman, Nicholas J. Laping, and Xin Su. "AMTB, a TRPM8 channel blocker: evidence in rats for activity in overactive bladder and painful bladder syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 3 (September 2008): F803—F810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.90269.2008.

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The activation of the TRPM8 channel, a member of the large class of TRP ion channels, has been reported to be involved in overactive bladder and painful bladder syndrome, although an endogenous activator has not been identified. In this study, N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-{[(3-methylphenyl) methyl]oxy}- N-(2-thienylmethyl)benzamide hydrochloride salt (AMTB) was evaluated as a TRPM8 channel blocker and used as a tool to evaluate the effects of this class of ion channel blocker on volume-induced bladder contraction and nociceptive reflex responses to noxious bladder distension in the rat. AMTB inhibits icilin-induced TRPM8 channel activation as measured in a Ca2+ influx assay, with a pIC50 of 6.23. In the anesthetized rat, intravenous administration of AMTB (3 mg/kg) decreased the frequency of volume-induced bladder contractions, without reducing the amplitude of contraction. The nociceptive response was measured by analyzing both visceromotor reflex (VMR) and cardiovascular (pressor) responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD) under 1% isoflurane. AMTB (10 mg/kg) significantly attenuated reflex responses to noxious UBD to 5.42 and 56.51% of the maximal VMR response and pressor response, respectively. The ID50 value on VMR response was 2.42 ± 0.46 mg/kg. These results demonstrate that TRPM8 channel blocker can act on the bladder afferent pathway to attenuate the bladder micturition reflex and nociceptive reflex responses in the rat. Targeting TRPM8 channel may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for overactive bladder and painful bladder syndrome.
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Liu, Shuai, and Ping Zheng. "Altered PKA modulation in the Nav1.1 epilepsy variant I1656M." Journal of Neurophysiology 110, no. 9 (November 1, 2013): 2090–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00921.2012.

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Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is an inherited epilepsy that can result from mutations in at least four ion channel subunits. The majority of the known GEFS+ mutations have been identified in SCN1A, the gene encoding Nav1.1 α-subunit. Protein kinases as critical modulators of sodium channels have been closely related to the genesis of epilepsy. However, little is known about how protein kinases affect the GEFS+ mutant sodium channel. To gain insight into the protein kinases effect on channel properties and neuronal excitability of SCN1A mutant channels, we investigated the human SCN1A GEFS+ mutation I1656M by using whole cell patch-clamp technique and an established computational neuron model. The results showed that the PKA inhibition of sodium current amplitude significantly decreased in the I1656M mutant channels, but the PKC inhibition did not. The responses of the voltage-dependent activation and fast inactivation to PKA activator disappeared in the I1656M mutant channels, but the response of the voltage dependence of the slow inactivation did not. Computational model analysis suggested that changes of the I1656M mutant channel gating behaviors in response to PKA activation altered neuronal excitability. These results indicate that altered responses of the mutant channels to PKA signaling may impair the delicate balances between chemical and electrical harmony and lead to abnormal neuronal excitability.
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Nagayama, Takahiro, Yasuo Fukushima, Makoto Yoshida, Mizue Suzuki-Kusaba, Hiroaki Hisa, Tomohiko Kimura, and Susumu Satoh. "Role of potassium channels in catecholamine secretion in the rat adrenal gland." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): R448—R454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.2.r448.

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We elucidated the functional contribution of K+ channels to cholinergic control of catecholamine secretion in the perfused rat adrenal gland. The small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SKCa)-channel blocker apamin (10–100 nM) enhanced the transmural electrical stimulation (ES; 1–10 Hz)- and 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium (DMPP; 5–40 μM)-induced increases in norepinephrine (NE) output, whereas it did not affect the epinephrine (Epi) responses. Apamin enhanced the catecholamine responses induced by acetylcholine (6–200 μM) and methacholine (10–300 μM). The putative large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blocker charybdotoxin (10–100 nM) enhanced the catecholamine responses induced by ES, but not the responses induced by cholinergic agonists. Neither the KA channel blocker mast cell degranulating peptide (100–1000 nM) nor the KV channel blocker margatoxin (10–100 nM) affected the catecholamine responses. These results suggest that SKCa channels play an inhibitory role in adrenal catecholamine secretion mediated by muscarinic receptors and also in the nicotinic receptor-mediated secretion of NE, but not of Epi. Charybdotoxin-sensitive Ca2+-activated K+ channels may control the secretion at the presynaptic site.
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Hendricks, Susan J., Robert E. Stewart, Gerard L. Heck, John A. DeSimone, and David L. Hill. "Development of Rat Chorda Tympani Sodium Responses: Evidence for Age-Dependent Changes in Global Amiloride-Sensitive Na+Channel Kinetics." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 1531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1531.

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In rat, chorda tympani nerve taste responses to Na+ salts increase between roughly 10 and 45 days of age to reach stable, mature magnitudes. Previous evidence from in vitro preparations and from taste nerve responses using Na+ channel blockers suggests that the physiological basis for this developmental increase in gustatory Na+ sensitivity is the progressive addition of functional, Na+ transduction elements (i.e., amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels) to the apical membranes of fungiform papilla taste receptor cells. To avoid potential confounding effects of pharmacological interventions and to permit quantification of aggregate Na+ channel behavior using a kinetic model, we obtained chorda tympani nerve responses to NaCl and sodium gluconate (NaGlu) during receptive field voltage clamp in rats aged from 12–14 to 60 days and older (60+ days). Significant, age-dependent increases in chorda tympani responses to these stimuli occurred as expected. Importantly, apical Na+ channel density, estimated from an apical Na+ channel kinetic model, increased monotonically with age. The maximum rate of Na+response increase occurred between postnatal days 12–14 and 29–31. In addition, estimated Na+ channel affinity increased between 12–14 and 19–23 days of age, i.e., on a time course distinct from that of the maximum rate of Na+response increase. Finally, estimates of the fraction of clamp voltage dropped across taste receptor apical membranes decreased between 19–23 and 29–31 days of age for NaCl but remained stable for NaGlu. The stimulus dependence of this change is consistent with a developmental increase in taste bud tight junctional Cl− ion permeability that lags behind the developmental increase in apical Na+ channel density. A significant, indirect anion influence on apical Na+ channel properties was present at all ages tested. This influence was evident in the higher apparent apical Na+ channel affinities obtained for NaCl relative to NaGlu. This stimulus-dependent modulation of apical Na+ channel apparent affinity relies on differences in the transepithelial potentials between NaCl and NaGlu. These originate from differences in paracellular anion permeability but act also on the driving force for Na+ through apical Na+channels. Detection of such an influence on taste depends fundamentally on the preservation of taste bud polarity and on a direct measure of sensory function, such as the response of primary afferents.
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Cameron, Morven A., Amr Al Abed, Yossi Buskila, Socrates Dokos, Nigel H. Lovell, and John W. Morley. "Differential effect of brief electrical stimulation on voltage-gated potassium channels." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 2014–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00915.2016.

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Electrical stimulation of neuronal tissue is a promising strategy to treat a variety of neurological disorders. The mechanism of neuronal activation by external electrical stimulation is governed by voltage-gated ion channels. This stimulus, typically brief in nature, leads to membrane potential depolarization, which increases ion flow across the membrane by increasing the open probability of these voltage-gated channels. In spiking neurons, it is activation of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV channels) that leads to action potential generation. However, several other types of voltage-gated channels are expressed that also respond to electrical stimulation. In this study, we examine the response of voltage-gated potassium channels (KV channels) to brief electrical stimulation by whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology and computational modeling. We show that nonspiking amacrine neurons of the retina exhibit a large variety of responses to stimulation, driven by different KV-channel subtypes. Computational modeling reveals substantial differences in the response of specific KV-channel subtypes that is dependent on channel kinetics. This suggests that the expression levels of different KV-channel subtypes in retinal neurons are a crucial predictor of the response that can be obtained. These data expand our knowledge of the mechanisms of neuronal activation and suggest that KV-channel expression is an important determinant of the sensitivity of neurons to electrical stimulation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper describes the response of various voltage-gated potassium channels (KV channels) to brief electrical stimulation, such as is applied during prosthetic electrical stimulation. We show that the pattern of response greatly varies between KV channel subtypes depending on activation and inactivation kinetics of each channel. Our data suggest that problems encountered when artificially stimulating neurons such as cessation in firing at high frequencies, or “fading,” may be attributed to KV-channel activation.
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Kardos, Julianna, and Lajos Nyikos. "Universality of receptor channel responses." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 22, no. 12 (December 2001): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01824-1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Channel responses"

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Tu, Denise Shao-Wai. "Assessment of Methods for Monitoring Responses to River Restoration: Riverbed and Channel Form Changes." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11505.

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xi, 54 p. : ill. (some col.)
On the Middle Fork John Day River (MFJD), a low gradient, meandering river in eastern Oregon, restoration includes engineered log structures intended to increase in-stream complexity and habitat diversity. Effects of log structures on riverbed topography can be captured through repeat topographic surveys, digital elevation model (DEM) of differencing (DoD), and aerial imagery. This study evaluates the (1) potential for remote sensing analysis, (2) effect of survey point density on DEMs, and (3) application of DoDs, in monitoring riverbed changes in the MFJD. An average point spacing and density finer than 0.50m and 1.25pts/m2 captures riverbed complexities. Although elevation changes were expected to be minimal, DoDs revealed -0.9 to 0.5m elevation changes associated with log structure designs. Incorporating numerical thresholds into future monitoring survey methods will improve the modeling of MFJD riverbed surfaces. Monitoring riverbed changes through DoDs can inform improvements to future restoration design and the effectiveness of log structures.
Committee in charge: Patricia McDowell, Chairperson; Andrew Marcus, Member
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Achike, Francis Ifejika. "The cardiovascular responses to calcium channel blockers in rats subjected to blood gas/pH changes." Thesis, [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12937095.

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Rosick, Edward R. (Edward Rudolph). "Effect of Calcium Channel Antagonists and Other Agents on Olfactory Reception." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc503999/.

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The role of Ca++ in olfactory responses was investigated with inorganic and organic calcium channel antagonists. Electrophysiological responses to odorants were recorded from frog olfactory mucosa before and after aerosol application of different agents. Electroolfactogram responses were blocked by certain inorganic ions with the order of effectiveness Zn++ >Ln+++>Cd++>Ca++>Co++>Sr++>Mg++. Ba++ potentiated olfactory responses, and is known to potentiate calcium channel-mediated responses in other tissues. Certain local anesthetics which are thought to act through calcium channel blockade were inhibitory to olfactory responses, with the order of effectiveness being dibucaine>tetracaine>procaine. These data support the idea that Ca++ is involved in olfaction, perhaps acting as a current carrier and/or a second messenger. Preliminary experiments on channel localization were performed using a silicon-labeled amine. Attempts to localize the silicon label were inconclusive, although silicon was detected in the olfactory tissue.
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DIAS, MAURICIO HENRIQUE COSTA. "ACTUAL MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION CHANNEL RESPONSES ESTIMATES IN THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DOMAINS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3502@1.

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INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA
No cenário atual das telecomunicações móveis, os arranjos de antenas voltaram a receber grande atenção dos pesquisadores, especialmente quando esquemas adaptativos de modificação de seus diagramas de radiação são utilizados. Uma das aplicações que exploram o potencial dos arranjos de antenas é o seu uso como forma de aumentar consideravelmente a eficiência espectral dos sistemas móveis atuais e da próxima geração. A outra aplicação em evidência está voltada para sistemas de localização de posição, pois algumas das técnicas conhecidas envolvem a estimação de ângulos-de-chegada usando arranjos de antenas. Diante destas possibilidades, cresce em importância o estudo das variações do canal de propagação rádio móvel no domínio em que o uso dos arranjos de antenas atua: o espacial. O presente trabalho procura contribuir para o contexto em questão, com uma investigação experimental do canal real rádio-móvel nos domínios temporal (retardos) e espacial (ângulos-de-chegada). No que se refere ao contexto nacional, contribuições similares baseadas em simulações já são encontradas; baseadas em medidas não. Em particular, sondagens na faixa de 1,8 GHz em ambientes internos típicos foram realizadas. Duas técnicas distintas de sondagem temporalespacial foram implementadas, tomando por base uma sonda de canal faixa-larga montada e testada com sucesso, como contribuição principal de uma dissertação de mestrado recentemente apresentada por um integrante do mesmo grupo de pesquisa ao qual esta tese está vinculada. Uma das técnicas sintetiza o arranjo realizando as sondagens com uma única antena que é sucessivamente deslocada para ocupar as posições correspondentes às dos elementos do arranjo. A outra técnica emprega um arranjo real. Em ambas, a configuração mais simples para um arranjo foi utilizada: a linear uniforme. As sondagens não forneciam diretamente os espectros espaciais-temporais. As estimativas dos espectros foram processadas posteriormente, aplicando técnicas como o correlograma para o domínio do retardo, e quatro técnicas distintas para o domínio espacial, que foi o foco principal deste trabalho: duas convencionais; e duas paramétricas, com potencial de aumentar a resolução das estimativas, assumindo hipóteses razoáveis sobre as respostas esperadas. De posse das respostas espectrais estimadas, comparações com estimativas teóricas permitiram uma análise de desempenho das técnicas utilizadas. Adicionalmente à investigação experimental do canal espacial, procurou-se verificar o potencial da aplicação da teoria de wavelets ao estudo do canal rádiomóvel. Em especial, uma das principais aplicações daquela teoria foi testada como técnica de pós-processamento das respostas espectrais no domínio do retardo. A supressão de ruído por decomposição wavelet foi aplicada a um vasto conjunto de medidas de canal disponíveis, fruto de trabalhos anteriores do grupo de pesquisa ao qual esta tese está vinculada, com resultados expressivos.
In the present mobile communications scenario, researchers have turned once again special attention to antennae arrays, particularly when adaptive schemes are employed to modify its radiation patterns. One of its main applications results in considerable increases to the spectral efficiency of present and next generation mobile systems. The other major application is headed towards position location systems, since some of the known techniques comprise angle-of-arrival estimation using antennae arrays. Under such possibilities, mobile radio propagation channel variations studies grow in relevance, specially regarding the antennae arrays main domain of action: the spatial domain. The present work tries to contribute to the overstated context, experimentally investigating the actual mobile radio channel over the temporal (delays) and spatial (angles of arrival) domains. Regionally speaking, similar contributions based on simulations are already found, but none based on measurements. In special, 1.8 GHz indoor soundings have been carried out. Two different temporal spatial sounding techniques have been deployed, based on na available wideband channel sounder successfully assembled and tested as the major contribution of a MSc. dissertation recently presented by a member of the same research team to which this thesis belongs. One of such techniques sinthesyzes the array carrying the sounding out with a single antenna, which is successively moved to occupy the spots corresponding to the array elements. The other method employs an actual array. For both cases, the simplest array configuration has been used: the uniform linear one. Space-time spectra were not directly available in real time during the soundings. Its estimates have been processed later, applying techniques such as the correlogram over the delay domain, and four distinct methods over the spatial domain, the main focus of the present work. Two conventional methods have been used, as well as two parametric ones, potentially capable to increase the estimates resolution, assuming reasonable hypotheses regarding the expected responses. With the estimated spectral responses in hands, comparisons with theoretical estimates allowed a performance assessment of the employed methods. In addition to the spatial channel experimental investigation, the wavelets theory potential of application to the mobile-radio channel study has been checked out. Notably, one of the wavelets theory major applications has been tested as a post-processing technique to improve delay-domain spectral responses. Wavelet decomposition based de-noising has been applied to a huge measurements ensemble, available as the product of previous works of the research group to which this thesis is attached, leading to remarkable results.
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Cocco, Helen. "Seamless shopping in omnichannel retailing : the effect of channel integration on consumers’ responses." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A010.

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L’évolution des comportements d’achat des consommateurs oblige les commerçants à offrir des expériences sans couture. Les consommateurs disposent maintenant d’une multitude de canaux d’achat qu’ils utilisent souvent simultanément tout au long des phases de recherche, d’achat et d’après-vente de l’expérience d’achat. Avec l’évolution des technologies mobiles qui favorise l’achat sur de multiples canaux, les consommateurs attendent désormais une expérience d’achat sans couture. Pour les commerçants, ces attentes représentent souvent des défis technologiques et opérationnels, dans la mesure où diverses complications peuvent apparaître lorsqu’il s’agit de relier des canaux, des terminaux et des points de contact avec la clientèle. Un manque d’intégration des canaux peut provoquer des interruptions et des désagréments, alors que des canaux bien intégrés génèrent des parcours d’achat cohérents, continus et ininterrompus qui favorisent un comportement positif des consommateurs. Ces défis ont conduit de nombreux commerçants à développer des stratégies omni-canaux, qui se concentrent sur la création d’expériences clients sans couture. Les sociétés rivalisent maintenant pour améliorer l’expérience client et, par conséquent, offrir un parcours d’achat sans couture n’a jamais été aussi pertinent. Cette thèse apporte une contribution au domaine émergent de la recherche sur l’expérience client en permettant de mieux comprendre comment et dans quelles conditions les consommateurs vivent une expérience d’achat fluide et sans friction. Premièrement, une conceptualisation du parcours d’achat sans couture apporte une clarté indispensable dans le cadre de la recherche et de la pratique, permet une utilisation plus précise et soutient la poursuite du développement théorique. Bien que la recherche existante montre l’importance du parcours d’achat sans couture en marketing, on ne sait pas vraiment ce que recouvre ce terme. Deuxièmement, sur la base de cette conceptualisation, une échelle de mesure comportant 7 items est établie pour faciliter sa mise en œuvre à la fois dans la littérature et dans la pratique. L’association de la conceptualisation et de l’établissement d’une échelle élargit la portée du concept et apporte une plus grande clarté. Troisièmement, au niveau théorique, nous développons un cadre qui fait le lien entre le parcours d’achat sans couture et les concepts de marketing reconnus. Cela répond à la demande accrue en matière de recherche sur les moteurs du parcours d’achat sans couture en définissant l’intégration des canaux comme moyen de créer un parcours d’achat sans couture. Le cadre élargit également la recherche en prévoyant plusieurs conséquences bénéfiques de l’achat sans couture. Ce cadre conceptuel est examiné de façon empirique dans l’environnement de commerce de détail d’un second pays, ce qui renforce l’impact de cette recherche dans un contexte international. Enfin, cette étude s’appuie sur des recherches antérieures en examinant les caractéristiques psychographiques des clients qui ont un impact sur la relation entre l’intégration des canaux et le parcours d’achat sans couture. Les résultats identifient les domaines où les commerçants devraient consacrer plus de temps et d’efforts aux initiatives d’intégration des canaux pour parvenir à des achats sans couture. Cette thèse jette un éclairage précieux sur le parcours d’achat sans couture dans le commerce de détail omni-canal et les résultats apportent des renseignements précieux, sur le plan universitaire et pratique, dans le domaine de l’expérience client
Changing consumer shopping behaviours are challenging retailers to deliver seamless experiences. Consumers now have a plethora of available shopping channels that they use, often simultaneously throughout the search, purchase and post-purchase phases of the shopping experience. With the evolution of mobile technology advancing multiple channel shopping, consumers now expect seamless shopping. For retailers, these expectations often represent technological and operational challenges, where several complications can exist in linking channels, devices and touchpoints. A lack of channel integration can cause disruption and inconvenience, whereas well integrated channels lead to consistent, continuous and uninterrupted shopping journeys that promote desirable consumer behavioural outcomes. These challenges have led many retailers to develop omnichannel strategies, which focus on creating seamless customer experiences. Companies now compete on customer experience and therefore, offering seamless shopping has never been so pertinent. This dissertation contributes to the emerging field of customer experience research by providing insightful understanding into what, how and under what conditions, consumers experience seamless shopping. Firstly, a conceptualization of seamless shopping provides much needed clarity for research and practice, ensures more accurate usage and supports further theoretical development. Although existing research indicates the importance of seamless shopping in marketing, there is little knowledge about what the term is comprised of, and its constituent parts. Secondly, based on this conceptualization, a 7-item measurement scale is established to aid its implementation both in literature and in practice. The partnering of conceptualization and scale development broadens the concept’s scope and adoption in practice. Thirdly, on a theoretical level, we develop a framework that links seamless shopping with established marketing constructs. This answers calls for more research on drivers of consumers’ seamless purchases by establishing channel integration as a means to creating seamless shopping. The framework also extends the research by predicting several beneficial consequences of seamless shopping. This conceptual framework is empirically examined or a second country retail environment, which strengthens the impact of this research in an international context. Finally, this study builds on previous research by examining customer psychographic characteristics that impact the channel integration-seamless shopping relationship. Results identify where retailers should allocate more time and effort into channel integration initiatives to achieve seamless shopping, and the corresponding desirable outcomes. This dissertation places a valuable lens on seamless shopping in omnichannel retailing and the findings provide valuable academic and practical insights in the customer experience field
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Cho, Jung Rim. "Effect of Multichannel Retailers’ Cross-Channel Integration Practices on Consumers’ Affective and Behavioral Responses." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1351182773.

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Kearns, Austin. "MECHANOSENSITIVE REGULATION OF INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN ASTROCYTES: AN UNDERLYING MECHANISM OF OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2814.

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Opioids are gold-standard analgesics for pain relief in chronic pain conditions. Paradoxically, chronic opioid use causes an enhanced pain sensitivity termed ‘Opioid-induced hyperalgesia’ (OIH). OIH is a clinically relevant problem associated with the use of opioids. In addition to decreasing quality of life, increased pain from OIH necessitates increasing dosages of analgesics to effectively control the pain, resulting in an increased risk of opioid epidemics, addiction, and overdose. To prevent this clinically important effect, it is necessary to understand how chronic opioid use causes hyperalgesia. Our preliminary studies revealed that synaptic plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) is dependent on neuron type in the OIH model and occurs concurrently with hyperalgesia, suggesting central sensitization as a mechanism of OIH. We found that astrocyte ablation blocked mechanical hyperalgesia and neuron type-dependent synaptic plasticity, indicating that astrocytes are critically involved in OIH. Additionally, morphine treatment upregulated IL-1β expression in the SDH in our preliminary experiments. Inhibition of IL-1β prevented OIH and blocked the repeated morphine-induced synaptic plasticity in the SDH, suggesting IL-1β is a key player in the pathogenesis of OIH. Astrocytes and other glial cells are critical in the development and maintenance of neuroinflammatory conditions, such as OIH, through the release of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs), including IL-1β. The mechanosensitive ion channel, Piezo1, was recently found to be upregulated in astrocytes and microglia under LPS-induced inflammatory conditions, and activation of Piezo1 was found to reduce IL-1β expression in LPS-inflamed primary mouse astrocytes. The goal of this study was to investigate the function of Piezo1 as a potential treatment for neuroinflammatory diseases of the CNS in a model of LPS-induced inflammation. In this study, we created a culture cell model of LPS-induced astrocytic neuroinflammation using the C8-S type II astrocyte culture cell line. We used a multi-disciplinary approach of electrophysiology and imaging to assess changes in calcium flux induced by the selective Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, and mechanosensitive ion channel activity in the LPS-stimulated C8-S culture astrocytes. We found that calcium flux is increased in LPS stimulation and augmented by additional Yoda1 treatment. We also found that LPS stimulation increases mechanosensitive ion currents and stiffens cell membranes using patch-clamp electrophysiology techniques. These results indicate that Piezo1 is likely upregulated in the LPS model of cultured astrocytes, thus mechanosensitive responses are increased. Results from these experiments reveal key information about the mechanical properties of Piezo1 and poise Piezo1 as a promising therapeutic for OIH and other neuroinflammatory diseases caused by astrocytic IL-1β release.
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Edwards, Bobbie. "The Effects of Tests and Praise on Children's Hear-write and See-say Responses." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5465/.

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Four elementary school children were tested on 120 words containing the short e (e.g., ten, pen) and short a (e.g., tan, pan) sounds. Words were tested in the hear-write (H/W) and see-say (S/S) channels. No programmed consequences were scheduled during baseline (BL) tests 1-3. After BL, an error analysis categorized words based on channel error and topography of error. Praise was delivered during tests 4-6 for correct responses. Children's responses were variable within channel and across channels for a majority of words. By the end of the praise phase, there was a decrease in the number of words with errors, for all children in their error word group. Error topographies began to stabilize for some words during praise.
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Bill, Michael D. "Channel morphology and substrate responses to high flows and road construction in forested mid-Appalachian watersheds /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1079664441&sid=25&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Flinn, Michael Brainerd. "Biological responses in off-channel habitat to hydrologic gradients and river management practices in Mississippi River Pool 25 /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1140187751&sid=18&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Channel responses"

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Holliday, I. M. The Channel Tunnel and regional development: Policy responses in Britain and France. Canterbury: University of Kent at Canterbury, Channel Tunnel Research Unit, 1990.

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Doheny, Edward J. Geomorphic responses to stream channel restoration at Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, 2002-08. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012.

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Bohn, Carolyn C. Stream channel responses to streamflow diversion on small streams of the Snake River drainage, Idaho. Ogden, UT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000.

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Bohn, Carolyn C. Stream channel responses to streamflow diversion on small streams of the Snake River drainage, Idaho. Ogden, UT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000.

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Bohn, Carolyn C. Stream channel responses to streamflow diversion on small streams of the Snake River drainage, Idaho. Ogden, UT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000.

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Montgomery, David R. Channel classification, prediction of channel response, and assessment of channel condition. [Seattle: University of Washington?, 1993.

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Demidchik, Vadim, and Frans Maathuis, eds. Ion Channels and Plant Stress Responses. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10494-7.

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Rangan, Subramanian. Do multinationals shift production in response to exchange rate changes?: Do their responses vary by nationality? Fontainebleau: INSEAD, 1997.

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1921-, Teller Aaron J., Mathy P. 1950-, Jeffers J. N. R, Commission of the European Communities., European Science Foundation, and Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche (Italy), eds. Responses of forest ecosystems to environmental changes. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.

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Teller, A., P. Mathy, and J. N. R. Jeffers, eds. Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7.

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Book chapters on the topic "Channel responses"

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Brown, D. A. "M-Current: From Discovery to Single Channel Currents." In Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 15–26. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_2.

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Kojima, H., K. Ichikawa, L. V. Ileva, S. F. Traynelis, and T. Yoshioka. "Properties of AMPA Receptor Channel During Long-Term Depression in Rat Cerebellar Purkinje Cells." In Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 307–14. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_38.

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Shirasaki, T., C. Liu, F. Lu, and K. Kuba. "Use-Dependent Sensitization of Acetylcholine Channel Currents via Ca/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II in Cultured Rat Sympathetic Neurones." In Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 323–24. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_42.

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Knijnik, R., N. Hoshi, J. E. Zadina, A. J. Kastin, and H. Higashida. "Endomorphins Inhibit N-Type Ca2+ Channel Currents Through µ-Opioid Receptors in NG108-15 Cells Expressing Cloned µ-Receptors." In Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 161–62. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_20.

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Nakayama, S., M. Kuzuya, M. Miyoshi, K. Kuba, and Y. Okamura. "The α1-Subunit of the L-Type Ca2+ Channel Is Converted to a Long Open and Noninactivating State by Large Depolarization." In Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 158–60. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_19.

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Gornitzka, Åse. "Channel, Filter or Buffer? National Policy Responses to Global Rankings." In Global University Rankings, 75–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137296870_5.

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Di Giulio, C., A. Mokashi, W. X. Huang, L. Morelli, and P. G. Data. "Effects of Inorganic Calcium Channel Blockers on Carotid Chemosensory Responses in the Cat." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 117–21. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2966-8_17.

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Tähtiharju, Sari, Pekka Heino, and E. Tapio Palva. "ATPP2CA Negatively Regulates ABA Responses during Cold Acclimation and Interacts with the Potassium Channel AKT3." In Plant Cold Hardiness, 55–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0711-6_5.

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Siri, Michele. "Insurance-Based Investment Products: Regulatory Responses and Policy Issues." In AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation, 113–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52738-9_5.

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AbstractThe chapter aims to analyse the recent reform of the EU regulatory framework as regards insurance-based investment products (IBIPs). The current regime provided for IBIPs offers stronger protection to all customers, regardless of the channel of distribution. In line with the EU plan to provide consistent cross-sectorial investor protection across all Member States, many IDD provisions are based on the corresponding MiFID II rules, even though some differences remain and should be further elaborated in connection with the inconsistencies, overlaps and gaps in the investor protection as far as the distribution of the IBIPs is concerned. Furthermore, several Member States have exercised the discretions recognised by the IDD as regards IBIPs mainly to gold plate investor protection measures. However, such an uncoordinated approach undermines the internal market’s objectives. Therefore, the chapter advises EIOPA to use its powers to coordinate Member States’ measures and ensure transparency about National Competent Authorities’ measures in this respect.
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Ogawa, K., and J. Caprio. "Responses to Binary Mixtures of Amino Acids in the Facial Taste System of the Channel Catfish." In Olfaction and Taste XI, 750. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68355-1_300.

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Conference papers on the topic "Channel responses"

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Porrat, D. "Spatial stability in super wideband channel responses." In 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2008.4619011.

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Walther, Paul, Elke Franz, and Thorsten Strufe. "Blind Synchronization of Channel Impulse Responses for Channel Reciprocity-based Key Generation." In 2019 IEEE 44th Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcn44214.2019.8990820.

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Colpitts, Alexander G. B., Brent R. Petersen, Geoffrey G. Messier, and Rayhan Behin. "MIMO Channel Diversity Analysis Using Angles Between Complex Baseband Channel Impulse Responses." In ICTRS 2020: 9th International Conference on Telecommunications and Remote Sensing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3430116.3430119.

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Zhang, Junqing, Alan Marshall, Roger Woods, and Trung Q. Duong. "Secure key generation from OFDM subcarriers' channel responses." In 2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2014.7063613.

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Porrat, Dana, and Yuval Serfaty. "Sub-band analysis of NLoS indoor channel responses." In 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699689.

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Chow, Ada, Mohamed El-Tanany, and Yingzhi Chen. "Performance of UWB receivers using stored channel responses." In 2009 11th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory (CWIT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cwit.2009.5069542.

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Chuang, James, Shahzad Bashir, and David G. Michelson. "Automated Identification of Clusters in UWB Channel Impulse Responses." In 2007 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2007.195.

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Sagari, Shweta, Wade Trappe, and Larry Greenstein. "Equivalent Tapped Delay Line Channel Responses with Reduced Taps." In 2013 IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692193.

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Stahlke, Maximilian, Sebastian Kram, Thorbjoern Mumme, and Jochen Seitz. "Discrete Positioning Using UWB Channel Impulse Responses and Machine Learning." In 2019 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl-gnss.2019.8752853.

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Manickam, T. G., and R. J. Vaccaro. "A non-iterative deconvolution method for estimating multipath channel responses." In Proceedings of ICASSP '93. IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1993.319123.

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Reports on the topic "Channel responses"

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Lichvar, Robert, David Cate, Corinna Photos, Lindsey Dixon, Bruce Allen, and Joel Byersdorfer. Vegetation and Channel Morphology Responses to Ordinary High Water Discharge Events in Arid West Stream Channels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada508422.

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Bohn, Carolyn C., and John G. King. Stream channel responses to streamflow diversion on small streams of the Snake River drainage, Idaho. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-20.

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Handler, Stephen, Carrie Pike, Brad St. Clair, Hannah Abbotts, and Maria Janowiak. Assisted Migration. USDA Forest Service Climate Change Resource Center, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6893746.ch.

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Evidence suggests that species have responded individually during historic periods of dramatic climate change through geographic migrations to and from unique glacial refugia [1, 2, 3]. Recent research has demonstrated that many tree species are already undergoing distribution shifts in response to climate change, with different studies highlighting species that are moving poleward and higher in elevation [4], or moving east-west to track changes in moisture availability [5].
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Jappelli, Tullio, and Luigi Pistaferri. The Consumption Response to Income Changes. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15739.

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Tobin, Daniel, Erin Lane, and Ron Hoover. Climate Change and Agriculture in the Northeast: Teamwork, Responses, and Results. USDA Northeast Climate Hub, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.6965353.ch.

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Not everyone may agree on the best adaptation practices all the time, but as opposed to rigid guidelines, a whole suite of options are being developed that will allow individuals to pick and choose what best works for them. But being proactive in ways that have both an economic and environmental outlook will determine agriculture’s success in responding to changes in climate. With collaboration and cooperation, the northeast can meet the challenge to maintain and improve production. The biggest risk is not climate change itself; it is being passive as these changes occur.
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Lauderdale, Larry C. Crisis Response Policy: Should It Be Changed? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada326509.

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Jensen, Deborah Bowne. Population differentiation in tree-ring growth response of white fir (Abies concolor) to climate: Implications for predicting forest responses to climate change. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10102537.

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Richardson, Andrew D. Improving models to predict phenological responses to global change. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1226921.

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Ecosystems Working Group,. Terrestrial Ecosystem Responses to Global Change: A Research Strategy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814449.

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Davis, Steven, and John Haltiwanger. Sectoral Job Creation and Destruction Responses to Oil Price Changes. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7095.

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