Relevant bibliographies by topics / Channel model

Academic literature on the topic 'Channel model'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Channel model"

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Abdelsalam, Hisham M., and Ahmed O. El-Tagy. "A Simulation Model for Managing Marketing Multi-Channel Conflict." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2012100103.

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In today’s global competition, companies are obliged to go to market using multiple channels of strategy for various reasons. However, channel conflict is inevitable in multi-channel structures causing sharp decreases in the demand of one or more channels. A system dynamic model was developed to simulate the complex multiple channel structure and factors that affect the demand and channel conflict; aiming to simulate the situation of the supplier decision maker who takes fast decisions in one of the various variables that he controls to achieve maximum profits and minimum channel conflict. The model was validated using real data of a major consumer electronics supplier in Egypt that has traditional distributors and Hypermarkets as two different channels. Various policies of inventory allocations in each channel and different promotion rates were tested in order to achieve the objective of maximizing supplier profit and minimizing channel conflict.
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Shamohamadi, Behnam, and Ali Mehboudi. "Analyzing Parameters Influencing Scour Bed in Confluence Channels Using Flow3D Numerical Model." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 10 (October 30, 2016): 529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000055.

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Channels junction is a phenomenon which is used in most of irrigating and drainage networks and in hydraulic engineering in general. In two channels junction, main and secondary channels encounter with each other and move to the channel downstream. Scour holes and sedimentation zones are created in channels bed. 3D simulation of scour hole created in these channels is influenced by various factors. The ratio of main channel width to secondary channel width is one of the most important influencing factors. This parameter is the main focus of the present research. In the present study, a model calibrated with laboratory results has been simulated. The numerical model results have revealed that decreasing the ratio of main channel width to secondary channel width causes the secondary channel flow encounters to the front wall of the secondary channel. Also, it leads to creating scour near the front wall and the main hole is drawn towards the wall. Furthermore, in the present research, topographical changes of the bed with running time of the numerical model for the middle channel axis has been extracted and presented.
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Pi, Zhenyang, and Weiguo Fang. "The Implication of Channel Discrepancy in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain." Complexity 2021 (January 30, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8506454.

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This paper studies the implication of channel discrepancy between the retail and direct channels in a dual-channel supply chain consisting of one common retailer and two manufacturers in which the manufacturers may have different market powers. Each manufacturer provides a substitutable product and opens an online channel to customers directly. We develop an analytical model to derive the optimal pricing strategies by using game theory and the backward induction method, and we examine related properties under three market power structures while considering channel discrepancy, including the Nash equilibrium, the Manufacturers leader Stackelberg, and the M1 leader Stackelberg models (denoted as the N, MS, and M1S models, respectively). Numerical simulations are examined to reveal and verify the effect of channel discrepancy on optimal prices, demands, and profits. We find that a higher level of channel discrepancy induces higher prices, demands, and profits for each member in both channels, while this kind of stimulating impact for the leader manufacturer who obtains a higher level of channel discrepancy will be more significant than it is for the other members in the three models. In addition, the profit of the supply chain in the N model is always higher than it is in the MS model, while it may be higher or lower than it is in the M1S model depending on the level of channel discrepancy.
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Ahmed, Sadia, and Huseyin Arslan. "Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Communication Channels." Marine Technology Society Journal 47, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.47.3.7.

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AbstractThe underwater acoustic communication (UAC) channel presents many difficulties such as high frequency, space, and time selectivity, frequency-dependent noise, and significant range and band limitation on transmission. Traditional UAC channel models that model such channels primarily include environmental models based on experimental data; models that are developed using mathematical equations such as wave equations, modal methods, and parabolic equations; and using statistical distributions. These methods/models are often limited in their coverage and accurate representations of every possible UAC channel environment. It is also physically impractical and cost ineffective to try to measure/estimate each channel to determine its model. In this paper, the authors will present the analysis of UAC channels according to the UAC channel environments classified and presented in a prior work by the authors, in which cognitive intelligence is used in the selection of the appropriate channel representations according to each sensed environment. To the best knowledge of the authors, this type of analysis and representation of UAC channels with respect to each UAC environment has not been addressed in the literature to date and therefore presents a significant contribution.
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Jarosch, A. H., and M. T. Gudmundsson. "A numerical model for meltwater channel evolution in glaciers." Cryosphere 6, no. 2 (April 16, 2012): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-493-2012.

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Abstract. Meltwater channels form an integral part of the hydrological system of a glacier. Better understanding of how meltwater channels develop and evolve is required to fully comprehend supraglacial and englacial meltwater drainage. Incision of supraglacial stream channels and subsequent roof closure by ice deformation has been proposed in recent literature as a possible englacial conduit formation process. Field evidence for supraglacial stream incision has been found in Svalbard and Nepal. In Iceland, where volcanic activity provides meltwater with temperatures above 0 °C, rapid enlargement of supraglacial channels has been observed. Supraglacial channels provide meltwater through englacial passages to the subglacial hydrological systems of big ice sheets, which in turn affects ice sheet motion and their contribution to eustatic sea level change. By coupling, for the first time, a numerical ice dynamic model to a hydraulic model which includes heat transfer, we investigate the evolution of meltwater channels and their incision behaviour. We present results for different, constant meltwater fluxes, different channel slopes, different meltwater temperatures, different melt rate distributions in the channel as well as temporal variations in meltwater flux. The key parameters governing incision rate and depth are channel slope, meltwater temperature loss to the ice and meltwater flux. Channel width and geometry are controlled by melt rate distribution along the channel wall. Calculated Nusselt numbers suggest that turbulent mixing is the main heat transfer mechanism in the meltwater channels studied.
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Heider, Inaam Abbas. "Improvement of Fading Channel Modeling Performance for Wireless Channel." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1451-1459.

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Fading channel modeling is generally defined as the variation of the attenuation of a signal with various variables. Time, geographical position, and radio frequency which is included. Fading is often modeled as a random process. Thus, a fading channel is a communication channel that experiences fading. In this paper, the proposed system presents a new design and simulate a wireless channel using Rayleigh channels. Rayleigh channels using two approaches (flat and frequency-selective fading channels) in order to calculate some path space loss efforts and analysis the performance of different wireless fading channel modeling. The results show that the bite error rate (BER) performance is dramatically improved in the value of signal to noise ratio (SNR) is equal to 45dB. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed method enhances the performance of fading channel modeling by reducing the error of BER when the SNR is reduced also. Moreover, the more accurate model is Rayleigh model which can be considered for developing fading channel model.
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Soundararajan, Rajasoundaran, Prince Mary Stanislaus, Senthil Ganesh Ramasamy, Dharmesh Dhabliya, Vivek Deshpande, Sountharrajan Sehar, and Durga Prasad Bavirisetti. "Multi-Channel Assessment Policies for Energy-Efficient Data Transmission in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks." Energies 16, no. 5 (February 27, 2023): 2285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052285.

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Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUGSNs) transmit data collected from underground objects such as water substances, oil substances, soil contents, and others. In addition, the underground sensor nodes transmit the data to the surface nodes regarding underground irregularities, earthquake, landslides, military border surveillance, and other issues. The channel difficulties of WUGSNs create uncertain communication barriers. Recent research works have proposed different types of channel assessment techniques and security approaches. Moreover, the existing techniques are inadequate to learn the real-time channel attributes in order to build reactive data transmission models. The proposed system implements Deep Learning-based Multi-Channel Learning and Protection Model (DMCAP) using the optimal set of channel attribute classification techniques. The proposed model uses Multi-Channel Ensemble Model, Ensemble Multi-Layer Perceptron (EMLP) Classifiers, Nonlinear Channel Regression models and Nonlinear Entropy Analysis Model, and Ensemble Nonlinear Support Vector Machine (ENLSVM) for evaluating the channel conditions. Additionally, Variable Generative Adversarial Network (VGAN) engine makes the intrusion detection routines under distributed environment. According to the proposed principles, WUGSN channels are classified based on the characteristics such as underground acoustic channels, underground to surface channels and surface to ground station channels. On the classified channel behaviors, EMLP and ENLSVM are operated to extract the Signal to Noise Interference Ratio (SNIR) and channel entropy distortions of multiple channels. Furthermore, the nonlinear regression model was trained for understanding and predicting the link (channel behaviors). The proposed DMCAP has extreme difficulty finding the differences of impacts due to channel issues and malicious attacks. In this regard, the VGAN-Intrusion Detection System (VGAN-IDS) model was configured in the sensor nodes to monitor the channel instabilities against malicious nodes. Thus, the proposed system deeply analyzes multi-channel attribute qualities to improve throughput in uncertain WUGSN. The testbed was created for classified channel parameters (acoustic and air) with uncertain network parameters; the uncertainties of testbed are considered as link failures, noise distortions, interference, node failures, and number of retransmissions. Consequently, the experimental results show that DMCAP attains 10% to 15% of better performance than existing systems through better throughput, minimum retransmission rate, minimum delay, and minimum energy consumption rate. The existing techniques such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF)-based Classification (SMC), Optimal Energy-Efficient Transmission (OETN), and channel-aware multi-path routing principles using Reinforcement Learning model (CRLR) are identified as suitable for the proposed experiments.
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Ullah, Ghanim, Don-On Daniel Mak, and John E. Pearson. "A data-driven model of a modal gated ion channel: The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor in insect Sf9 cells." Journal of General Physiology 140, no. 2 (July 30, 2012): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201110753.

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The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) channel is crucial for the generation and modulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals in animal cells. To gain insight into the complicated ligand regulation of this ubiquitous channel, we constructed a simple quantitative continuous-time Markov-chain model from the data. Our model accounts for most experimentally observed gating behaviors of single native IP3R channels from insect Sf9 cells. Ligand (Ca2+ and IP3) dependencies of channel activity established six main ligand-bound channel complexes, where a complex consists of one or more states with the same ligand stoichiometry and open or closed conformation. Channel gating in three distinct modes added one complex and indicated that three complexes gate in multiple modes. This also restricted the connectivity between channel complexes. Finally, latencies of channel responses to abrupt ligand concentration changes defined a model with specific network topology between 9 closed and 3 open states. The model with 28 parameters can closely reproduce the equilibrium gating statistics for all three gating modes over a broad range of ligand concentrations. It also captures the major features of channel response latency distributions. The model can generate falsifiable predictions of IP3R channel gating behaviors and provide insights to both guide future experiment development and improve IP3R channel gating analysis. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters and of the parameters in the De Young–Keizer model yield strong statistical evidence in favor of our model. Our method is simple and easily applicable to the dynamics of other ion channels and molecules.
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P. T. Nimbalkar, P. T. Nimbalkar, D. K. Mokashi D. K. Mokashi, and S. V. Kanitkar S. V. Kanitkar. "Channel Routing Model For Flood Zone Mapping." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2011/15.

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Gutierrez del Arroyo, Jose A., Brett J. Borghetti, and Michael A. Temple. "Considerations for Radio Frequency Fingerprinting across Multiple Frequency Channels." Sensors 22, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062111.

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Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) is often proposed as an authentication mechanism for wireless device security, but application of existing techniques in multi-channel scenarios is limited because prior models were created and evaluated using bursts from a single frequency channel without considering the effects of multi-channel operation. Our research evaluated the multi-channel performance of four single-channel models with increasing complexity, to include a simple discriminant analysis model and three neural networks. Performance characterization using the multi-class Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) revealed that using frequency channels other than those used to train the models can lead to a deterioration in performance from MCC > 0.9 (excellent) down to MCC < 0.05 (random guess), indicating that single-channel models may not maintain performance across all channels used by the transmitter in realistic operation. We proposed a training data selection technique to create multi-channel models which outperform single-channel models, improving the cross-channel average MCC from 0.657 to 0.957 and achieving frequency channel-agnostic performance. When evaluated in the presence of noise, multi-channel discriminant analysis models showed reduced performance, but multi-channel neural networks maintained or surpassed single-channel neural network model performance, indicating additional robustness of multi-channel neural networks in the presence of noise.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Channel model"

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Lee, Hong Seng. "Spatial channel model /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426081.

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Tan, Bo. "Channel modelling and relay for powerline communications." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8062.

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The thesis discusses the channel modelling and relay techniques in powerline communications (PLC) which is considered as a promising technology for the Smart Grid communications, Internet access and home area network (HAN). In this thesis, the statistical PLC channel characteristics are investigated, a new statistical channel modelling method is proposed for the in-door PLC. Then a series of the relay protocols are suggested for the broadband communications over power grid. The statistical channel modelling method is proposed to surmount the limits of the traditional deterministic PLC channel models such as multipath model and transmission line model. To develop the channel model, the properties of the multipath magnitudes, interval between the paths, cable loss and the channel classification are investigated in detail. Then, each property is described by statistical distribution or formula. The simulation results show that the statistical model can describe the PLC channels as accurate as deterministic models without the topology information which is a time-consuming work for collecting. The relay transmission is proposed to help PLC adapting the diverse application scenarios. The protocols covers the main relay aspects which include decode/amplify forwarding, single/ multiple relay nodes, full/half duplex relay working mode. The capacity performance of each protocol is given and compared. A series of the facts which improve the performance of the PLC networks are figured out according to simulation results. The facts include that the decode-and-forward is more suitable for the PLC environment, deviation or transforming station is better location for placing relay node and full duplex relay working mode help exploiting the capacity potential of the PLC networks. Some future works are pointed out based on the work of statistical channel model and relay. In the last part of this thesis, an unit based statistical channel model is initialled for adapting various PLC channel conditions, a more practical relay scenario which contains multiple data terminals is proposed for approaching the realistic transmission scenario. At last, the relay for the narrowband PLC Smart Grid is also mentioned as future research topic.
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Jakob, Markus Prüfer. "Compact DC Modelling of Short-Channel Effects in Organic Thin-Film Transistors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673905.

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Els transistors orgànics de capa fina (TFT) són dispositius prometedors per a les pantalles flexibles de matriu activa i els conjunts de sensors, ja que poden fabricar-se a temperatures de procés relativament baixes i, per tant, no sols en vidre, sinó també en substrats polimèrics. Per a millorar el rendiment dinàmic dels dispositius i circuits TFT , una reducció agressiva de la longitud de canal provoca efectes extrínsecs en els dispositius que han de ser capturats per models compactes. Aquesta tesi presenta models analítics, basats en la física, de la degradació de la pendent subumbral, el roll-off del voltatge llindar i l'efecte DIBL en TFTs coplanars i escalonats que poden ser implementats en qualsevol model compacte de corrent continu arbitrari que estigui definit pel voltatge llindar i la pendent subumbral. Per tant, l'equació diferencial de Laplace es resol per a la geometria coplanar i escalonada aplicant la transformación Schwarz-Cristoffel. Les solucions del potencial serveixen de base per a la definició de les equacions del model. A més, es desenvolupen models compactes de les barreres Schottky dependents de la polarització en les interfícies font/semiconductor i drenador/semiconductor en els TFT coplanars i escalonats, que modelen la injecció i l'ejecció de portadors de càrrega, respectivament, com a corrent d'emissió termoiònica.
Los transistores orgánicos de capa fina (TFT) son dispositivos prometedores para las pantallas flexibles de matriz activa y los conjuntos de sensores, ya que pueden fabricarse a temperaturas de proceso relativamente bajas y, por tanto, no sólo en vidrio, sino también en sustratos poliméricos. Para mejorar el rendimiento dinámico de los dispositivos y circuitos TFT, una reducción agresiva de la longitud de los canales provoca efectos extrínsecos en los dispositivos que tienen que ser capturados por modelos compactos. Esta tesis presenta modelos analíticos, basados en la física, de la degradación de la pendiente subumbral, el roll-off del voltaje umbral y el efecto DIBL en TFTs coplanares y escalonados que pueden ser implementados en cualquier modelo compacto de corriente continua arbitrario que esté definido por el voltaje umbral y la pendiente subumbral. Por lo tanto, la ecuación diferencial de Laplace se resuelve para la geometría coplanar y escalonada aplicando la transformación Schwarz-Christoffel. Las soluciones del potencial sirven de base para la definición de las ecuaciones del modelo. Además, se desarrollan modelos compactos de las barreras Schottky dependientes de la polarización en las interfaces fuente/semiconductor y drenador/semiconductor en los TFT coplanares y escalonados, que modelan la inyección y la eyección de portadores de carga, respectivamente, como corriente de emisión termoiónica
Organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) are promising devices for flexible active-matrix displays and sensor arrays, since they can be fabricated at relatively low process temperatures and thus not only on glass, but also on polymeric substrates. In order to improve the dynamic TFT and circuit performance, an aggressive reduction of the channel length causes extrinsic de-vice effects that have to be captured by compact models. This dissertation presents analytical, physics-based models of the subthreshold-swing degra-dation, the thresholdvoltage roll-off and DIBL effects in coplanar and staggered TFTs that can be implemented in any arbitrary compact dc model that are defined by the threshold voltage and the subthreshold swing. Therefore, Laplace’s differential equation is solved for the coplanar and staggered geometry by applying the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation. The potential solutions serve as a basis for the definition of the model equations. Further-more, compact models of the biasdependent Schottky barriers at the source/semiconductor and drain/semiconductor interfaces in coplanar and staggered TFTs are derived, which model the charge carriers injection and ejection, respectively, as thermionic emission cur-rent. Thereby, in case of the source barrier, the Schottky barrier lowering effect due to im-age charges is captured and therefore, an analytical expression of the electric field at the source barrier is derived.
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Khanal, Sandarva. "Aeronautical Channel Modeling for Packet Network Simulators." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595747.

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ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada
The introduction of network elements into telemetry systems brings a level of complexity that makes performance analysis difficult, if not impossible. Packet simulation is a well understood tool that enables performance prediction for network designs or for operational forecasting. Packet simulators must however be customized to incorporate aeronautical radio channels and other effects unique to the telemetry application. This paper presents a method for developing a Markov Model simulation for aeronautical channels for use in packet network simulators such as OPNET modeler. It shows how the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and the Markov Model (MM) can be used together to first extract the channel behavior of an OFDM transmission for an aeronautical channel, and then effortlessly replicate the statistical behavior during simulations in OPENT Modeler. Results demonstrate how a simple Markov Model can capture the behavior of very complex combinations of channel and modulation conditions.
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Selvarasa, G. (Gowshigan). "Map-based channel model parameterization and comparison of three different deterministic channel modelling methods." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201907162704.

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Abstract. The interest in studying the channel characteristics is exponentially increasing with the growth of the communication systems. Various channel modelling approaches have been discussed in the past decades. The ray-tracing based channel models are distinguished from the other channel models as they consider the environmental information and thus are expected to reflect the real propagation phenomena that exist in that specific environment. The goal of this thesis is to study the propagation channel characteristics of the three different channel models. The two deterministic channel models are the simplified map-based ray tracing channel model implemented in the METIS project and the full ray tracing-based channel model implemented by the Beijing Jiaotong University. The third channel model is the hybrid model based on METIS map-based channel. It uses the deterministic part of the METIS map-based channel model. Full ray-tracing based models require detailed description of the propagation environment or map and they target on site-specific channel modelling. Such site-specific models are not typically required in performance testing of devices, where the target is to ensure device performance in a typical propagation environment and possibly to cover some extreme cases. The simplifying map-based approach contradicts with the full ray tracing method in the way that the information of the map is reduced by approximating the building shapes and introducing artificial tiles to make scattering in the walls and ground reflections. Map-based channel modelling provides additional realism in channel models compared to traditional stochastic models applied in performance testing. The urban street canyon scenario was chosen to be modelled. The comparison was carried out at 3.5 GHz by means of performance metrics such as total path loss, LOS and NLOS propagation conditions at UE positions, K-factor, RMS delay spread, statistics of angles, angle spreads, and cross polarization ratios. The results have showed similarities in the LOS UE positions and dissimilarities in the NLOS UE positions. The reasons are identified and explained in the discussion section. It is decided to investigate the radio channel characteristics of the METIS map-based channel model and hybrid channel model for the future study purpose.
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Sasiakos, Christos. "A 3D spatial channel model for cellular radio." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA384906.

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Arvidsson, Pontus. "Channel Estimation Error Model for SRS in LTE." Thesis, KTH, Signalbehandling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-53769.

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In 3GPP long term evolution (LTE), sounding is used to gain a wideband estimate of the uplink channel. This channel estimate may then be used for several radio resource management related applications such as frequency selective scheduling and beam forming. Code division multiplexing (CDM) enables several users to broadcast sounding reference signals (SRS) simultaneously on the same time and frequency resource. As the multiplexed users may interfere with one another there is a trade-off between having users broadcast SRS as often as possible to get a frequent channel estimate and getting higher quality estimates with a lower periodicity. To assess this trade-off one must have a good understanding of what causes the errors in the channel estimate so that the sounding resource may be used as efficiently as possible. This thesis proposes a method to model the channel estimation error with sounding for use in a system simulator environment. The method consists of estimating a standard deviation with a per-resource-block resolution of the channel estimates as a function of received signal powers of interfering users as well as the target user and background noise. This estimated estimation error may then, in the system simulator, be applied to a known ideal channel estimate as noise. The main limiting source of error is shown to beinterference, both from sounding users in the same cell and in others as well as some effects of limited frequency resolution. Simulation results indicate that a cleverly designed sounding resource handler is needed to fully utilize the possible gains of sounding.
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Nangunoori, Chetan Kumar, and Bhaskar Ravichandra Kumar Kumar. "Parametric Ram Air Channel Model for Flow Optimization." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fluida och mekatroniska system, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80069.

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Ram air channel or NACA channel is used to direct the ambient air for various purposes in an aircraft, such as pressurizing the cabin or as a coolant to heat exchangers and even more other applications like a cooling of the coolant. It is designed; such that it supplies the required amount of ambient air for various operations as mentioned, even aero-dynamical features should be taken into consideration while designing. In past, the developed prototypes are to be designed first and then experimented to optimize the design which gives accurate predictions and makes easy to understand the phenomenon occurring. These methods can lead to lot of waste in resources and time, in order to avoid these, some new mathematical methods have been implemented before finalizing the prototype which might save resources, time and minimize the possibility of having wrong outcomes. Some additional steps are included during calculation stage prior to the prototype stage; they are the computer aided simulations. These simulations can be as accurate as real time simulations and can bring closer to accuracy rate which is a needed prior to prototype stage. The aim is to design a tool chain for a Ram air channel which in turn is used to optimize the flow, then supplied to heat exchangers for cooling the hot refrigerant from the avionics systems. The requirements of the heat exchanger are decided on the applications it is used and the range of temperature to be cooled. In this study work, firstly estimate the size of the heat exchanger for the required performance, followed by the geometry of Ram air channel designing in CAD application so that it maintains the required amount of mass flow rate for the performance of heat exchanger. Finally these both components are implemented in simulation loop to iterate the designs of NACA channel in order to get the final model to optimize the flow for a heat exchanger.
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Kim, Jae Gak. "A kinetic model for the HCN2 ion channel." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44696.

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The focus of my investigation is the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channel, also known as the pacemaker channel. There are four mammalian isoforms (HCN1-HCN4) that share about 60% sequence identity with each other, all activated by hyperpolarization of the membrane potential and permeable to both potassium and sodium. The major differences among four isomers are their responses to binding of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the rate of channel opening and closing, and their dependence on voltage. Recent studies have suggested that the opening and closing of HCN channels involve a step that is voltage independent, which depends upon a region that resides within the S4 and S6 transmembrane region. My study is based upon recent data from the Accili lab in which substitution of a phenylalanine (F) residue near the inner activation gate of the HCN2 channel to alanine (A) dramatically and preferentially slows down channel closing and decreases the dependence of closing on voltage. A 6-state, but not a 4-state, cyclic allosteric model incorporating voltage-dependent transitions moving the channels between resting and active states and voltage-independent transitions between closed and open states was able to describe the complex opening and closing of both the wild type and F/A mutant channels in response to changes in voltage. These models also predicted a significant opening probability between the open and closed states when the channel resides in the resting state.
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Chong, Chia-Chin. "Dynamic directional channel model for indoor wireless communications." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13378.

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The frequency-domain space alternating generalised expectation-maximisation (FD-SAGE) algorithm is proposed and used in conjunction with the serial interference cancellation (SIC) technique for joint detection and estimation of multipath channel parameters. The SIC technique demonstrates more stable performance than the parallel interference cancellation (PIC) technique used in the time-domain SAGE algorithm especially in a multipath rich environment. The performance of the FD-SAGE algorithm is demonstrated by using real indoor channel measurement data and its functionality is verified through comparison with unitary estimation of signal parameter via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) algorithm. The first channel model is derived from data collected during a static measurement campaign. This model incorporates both the clustering of MPCs and the correlation between the spatial and temporal domains. The clustering effect relies on two classes of parameters (intercluster and intracluster parameters) and two classes of power density spectra (PDS) (intercluster and intracluster PDS) which characterise the cluster and MPC, respectively. All parameters are described by empirical probability density (pdfs) derived from the measured data and the correlation properties are incorporated in two joint pdfs for cluster and MPC positions. Data analysis shows that the intercluster and intracluster PDS exhibit exponential and Laplacian functions in the delay and angular domains, respectively. The second channel model is derived based on data collected during a dynamic measurement campaign. This model incorporates both the spatial-temporal properties as well as the dynamic evolution of paths due to motion of the MT. An M-step, 4-state Markov channel model (MCM) is proposed in order to account for the correlation between the number of births and deaths and multiple births and deaths that can occur at any time instant. The power and spatio-temporal variation of paths within their lifespan are modelled by a low-pass-filter and a Gaussian distributed spatio-temporal vector, respectively. Due to the distinction in the birth-death statistics and the spatio-temporal dispersion and correlation properties for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios, the model can be generalised, and parameterised by two sets of Markov parameters for these two scenarios.
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Books on the topic "Channel model"

1

Johnson, Eric E. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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Johnson, Eric E. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Boulder, CO]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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Johnson, Eric E. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Boulder, CO]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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F, Peach David, and United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration, eds. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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F, Peach David, and United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration, eds. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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F, Peach David, and United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration, eds. High-frequency radio channel error model. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994.

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Tausworthe, Robert C. A communication channel model of the software process. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1988.

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Sasiakos, Christos. A 3D spatial channel model for cellular radio. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 2000.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division., ed. Eikonal solutions to optical model coupled-channel equations. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1988.

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T, Gunn J., Dynalysis of Princeton (Firm), Science Applications International Corporation, and United States. Minerals Management Service. Pacific OCS Region., eds. Santa Barbara Channel circulation model and field study. [s.l.]: The Region, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Channel model"

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Bhowal, Anirban, and Rakhesh Singh Kshetrimayum. "Channel Model." In Advanced Spatial Modulation Systems, 25–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9960-6_2.

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Shi, Xiaolei, Mario Hernan Castaneda Garcia, and Guido Stromberg. "Converting SIRCIM Indoor Channel Model into SNR-Based Channel Model." In Networking - ICN 2005, 231–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31956-6_28.

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Hodiri, Mohamed El. "Optimality in the Channel Model." In DGOR, 537. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72557-9_97.

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Zhang, Ying-Jun Angela, Congmin Fan, and Xiaojun Yuan. "System Model and Channel Sparsification." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 9–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15884-2_2.

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Lou, Yi, and Niaz Ahmed. "Underwater Wireless Optical Channel Model." In Textbooks in Telecommunication Engineering, 147–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86649-5_7.

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Getzoff, Elizabeth D., and John A. Tainer. "Superoxide Dismutase as a Model Ion Channel." In Ion Channel Reconstitution, 57–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1361-9_3.

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Gopi, E. S. "Mathematical Model of Time Varying Wireless Channel Model." In Digital Signal Processing for Wireless Communication using Matlab, 55–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82036-7_2.

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Miller, Christopher. "Ion Channel Reconstitution Why Bother?" In Ionic Channels in Cells and Model Systems, 257–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5077-4_17.

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Alvarez, Osvaldo. "Kinetic Models and Channel Fluctuations." In Ionic Channels in Cells and Model Systems, 5–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5077-4_2.

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Wallace, B. A. "Introduction: Gramicidin, a Model Ion Channel." In Novartis Foundation Symposium 225 - Gramicidin and Related Ion Channel-Forming Peptides, 1–3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470515716.ch1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Channel model"

1

Zhu, Zhiyong, Yutao Zhu, Tiankui Zhang, and Zhimin Zeng. "A time-variant MIMO channel model based on the IMT-Advanced channel model." In 2012 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2012.6542821.

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Nakabayashi, Hiroaki, Shota Igarashi, Tomohiro Hamashima, and Shigeru Kozono. "MIMO Channel Model and Correlation between Channel Matrix Elements in Multipath Channel." In 2012 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2012-Spring). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6239959.

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Lopes, David A., and Wallace C. Boaventura. "Lightning discharge channel in reduced model: The lossy channel." In 2011 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XI SIPDA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sipda.2011.6088467.

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Thomas, Timothy A., Huan Cong Nguyen, George R. MacCartney, and Theodore S. Rappaport. "3D mmWave Channel Model Proposal." In 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2014.6965800.

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Zhou, Chun, Hao Zhang, Ying Xu, Zhanwei Xing, and Yin Liu. "Multidimensional Channel Intelligent Supervision Model." In 2018 International Symposium on Communication Engineering & Computer Science (CECS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cecs-18.2018.42.

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Kavcic, A., and A. Patapoutian. "Signal-dependent autoregressive channel model." In IEEE International Magnetics Conference. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.1999.837140.

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Yang, Chi, Bo Zhou, Xiaohui Hu, Jianying Chen, Qianhua Cai, and Yun Xue. "Dual-Channel Domain Adaptation Model." In WI-IAT '21: IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3498851.3498984.

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Mesleh, Raed, Osamah Badarneh, and Abdelhamid Younis. "Nakagami-$m$ MIMO Channel Model." In 2022 9th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceee55327.2022.9772568.

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Wang, J., J. Cai, and A. S. Alfa. "New Channel Model for Wireless Communications: Finite-State Phase-Type Semi-Markov Channel Model." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2008.837.

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Li Ying, Li Yanping, and Moon ho Lee. "A Jakes' channel simulation based on 2-dimensional channel model." In 2004 International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccas.2004.1346052.

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Reports on the topic "Channel model"

1

Daume, III, Marcu Hal, and Daniel. A Noisy-Channel Model for Document Compression. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459360.

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Lee, Lisa M., Jennifer N. Tate, and R. C. Berger. Texas City Ship Channel Deepening Study, Hydrodynamic Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439292.

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Maggio, D. M., and C. R. Nickles. West Access Channel Realignment Atchafalaya River. Hydraulic Model Investigation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada207280.

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Richards, D. R., and M. J. Trawle. A Numerical Model Analysis of Mississippi River Passes Navigation Channel Improvements. Report 1. 55-Foot Channel Tests. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199646.

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McAlpin, Jennifer N., and Cassandra G. Ross. Houston Ship Channel Expansion Channel Improvement Project (ECIP) Numerical Modeling Report : Increased Channel Width Analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39739.

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The Houston Ship Channel is one of the busiest deep -draft navigation channels in the United States and must be able to accommodate larger vessel dimensions over time. The U.S. Army Engineer District, Galveston (SWG) requested the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory perform hydrodynamic and sediment modeling of proposed modifications along the Houston Ship Channel. The modeling results are necessary to provide data for salinity and sediment transport analysis a s well as ship simulation studies. SWG provided a project alternative that includes channel widening, deepening, and bend easing. After initial analysis, two additional channel widths in the bay portion of the Houston Ship Channel were requested for testing. The results of these additional channel widths are presented in this report. The model shows that the salinity does not vary significantly due to the channel modifications being considered for this project. Changes in salinity are 2 parts per thousand or less. The tidal prism increases by less than 2% when the project is included, and the tidal amplitudes increase by no more than 0.01 meter. The residual velocity vectors do vary in and around areas where project modifications are made.
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Stockstill, Richard L., Jane M. Vaughan, and Keith Martin. Numerical Model of the Hoosic River Flood-Control Channel, Adams, MA. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada529310.

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Davis, W. Glenn. Berryessa Creek Channel Junctions, Santa Clara County, California. Hydraulic Model Investigation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada268404.

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Sharp, Jeremy, Locke Williams, Duncan Bryant, Jake Allgeier, Kevin Pigg, Gary Bell, and Dana Moses. Rough River Outlet Works physical model study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41043.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District, requested the support and assistance of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), in the evaluation of the hydraulic performance of the replacement Outlet Works for Rough River Dam. To support the design effort, CHL constructed a 1:25.85 scale physical model. The proposed features of the model in the domain are the curved approach channel, intake structure, transition, curved conduit, stilling basin, concrete apron, and retreat channel. Tests performed to evaluate the hydraulic performance illuminated a few design concerns. To address these issues, several key design changes were made. These included the retreat channel slope, end sill design, and transition design.
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Ruden, P. P., and Darryl L. Smith. Device Model for Light-Emitting Field-Effect Transistors with Organic Semiconductor Channel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1304691.

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Oey, Lie-Yauw, and Hsiao-Ming Hsu. A Model of High-Resolution Winds in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629081.

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