Dissertations / Theses: 'Channel effects'

1

Son, Ill. "Modelling the hydrological effects of land-use change in small catchment." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358382.

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Sandberg, Sara. "Modulation and channel effects in digital communication /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2005/49.

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Mansfield, W. A. "The hydrogeomorphological effects of river channel crossings." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376040.

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4

Cook, Jay Scott. "Effects of Channel Condition on Information Recall." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500703/.

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The problem of this experimental study is to determine to what extent visual information may dominate over audio information. Additionally, the experimental design addresses problems with previous research in this area and emphasizes simplified approaches to the study of channel condition effects. The study does not include investigations of learning theory or short-term memory, but processes of listening and long-term memory are incorporated into the design. A stimulus of sound effects and slides was utilized in one audio and two audio-visual channel conditions, and results showed a high recall among all subjects in all three conditions. The study concludes that channel condition has little effect at low levels of information.

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Kwon, Wi-Suk. "A model of reciprocal effects of multi-channel retailers' offline and online brand images application to multi-channel specialty apparel retailing /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1121949288.

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Shimizu, Atsuya, Ryoko Niwa, Zhibo Lu, Haruo Honjo, and Kaichiro Kamiya. "Effects of Dronedarone on HERG and KCNQ1/KCNE1 Channels." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7585.

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Plitzuweit, Samuel J. "Effects of Channel Network Geometries on Incision Processes and Channel Hydraulics in Bedrock Streams." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1243871371.

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8

Wide-Swensson, Dag. "Hypertension in pregnancy effects of calcium channel blockade /." Lund : Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Lund, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39783426.html.

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9

メイ, 重信. "Framing and agenda setting effects of Al Jazeera Arabic news channel: The effect of satellite news channels on Arab societies." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12415882/?lang=0, 2011. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12415882/?lang=0.

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10

Bultongez, Kevin Kombo. "Experimental investigation on the effects of channel material, size, and oil viscosity in horizontal mini-channels." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35568.

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Master of Science
Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Melanie M. Derby
Oil-water separation is an important process in the petroleum industry. This research investigates the use of surface tension forces to improve current oil-water separation technologies. An understanding of oil-water flows in surface tension driven mini-channels is necessary. This work investigates the effects of mini-channel wall material and tube diameter, along with oil viscosity, on flow regimes and pressure drops in mini-channel oil-water flows. A horizontal closed-loop, adiabatic experimental apparatus was constructed and validated using single-phase water. 2.1-mm and 3.7-mm borosilicate glass, 3.7-mm stainless steel and 4.0-mm Inconel tubes, resulting in Eötvös numbers of 0.2, 0.6 and 0.7 were tested. The experimental data were analyzed and compared using two mineral oils (i.e., Parol 70 and 100) with densities of 840 kg/m³ for both and viscosities of 11.7 and 20.8 mPa-s, respectively. Experiments included a wide range of oil superficial velocities (e.g., 0.28-6.82 m/s for glass, 0.28-2.80 m/s for stainless steel and 0.21-2.89 for Inconel) and water superficial velocities (e.g., 0.07-6.77 for glass, 0.07-4.20 m/s for stainless steel and 0.06-3.86 m/s). Flow regimes were observed and classified as stratified, annular, intermittent, and dispersed flow regimes. Effects of tube diameter were observed. For example, the 2.1-mm glass tube had the smaller range of stratified flows and the larger range of annular and intermittent flows compared to the 3.7-mm glass tube. At the same oil and water superficial velocities and relatively the same flow regime, stainless steel and Inconel always displayed higher pressure drop than the glass tube. However, pressure drops were a strong function of flow regime; lowest pressure drops were found for annular flows and highest pressure drops for dispersed flows. Flow regime maps and pressure drop graphs were created. Overall effects of oil viscosity were modest; however, an increase in oil viscosity enhanced flow stability which affected flow regime transition points.

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Teerling, Marije Leonie. "Determining the cross-channel effects of informational web sites." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/300601662.

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12

Du, Chunyun. "The effects of acidosis on the hERG potassium channel." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555619.

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The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) encodes channels mediating the rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr). IKr participates in cardiac action potential (AP) repolarisation and may also protect the ventricles against premature stimulation. The heart is exposed to acidosis (low pH) in a number of pathological conditions including myocardial ischemia. Extracellular acidosis is known to modulate hERG current (IhERG) function, although a number of aspects of the modulation remain incompletely understood. The aims of this investigation were to establish the effects of acidosis on: (i) IhERG amplitude, kinetics and the response to premature stimulation at mammalian physiological temperature; (ii) the hERG blocking potency of selected anti arrhythmic drugs. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of IhERG were made from mammalian cells (CHO or HEK 293) at 37 QC. Lowering external pH from 7.4 to 6.3 reduced the magnitude of IhERG by reducing macroscopic hERG conductance and modulating IhERG kinetics, with positively shifted activation and accelerated deactivation. Results from experiments using an acidic pipette solution showed that the actions of protons occurred from the external surface and not from secondary intracellular acidosis. Experimental and computer simulation work demonstrated that acidosis impairs the protective role of IhERG against premature stimulation. The effects of extracellular acidosis on IhERG kinetics were preserved when the shortened hERG I b isoform was studied, indicating that a full-length N-terminus is not necessary for acidic modulation of hERG channel function. Interestingly, the inhibitory effect of acidosis on IhERG was greater for hERG 1 band hERG lall b than for hERG la. Extracellular acidosis decreased the hERG blocking potency of flecainide, dofetilide and ranolazine, whilst the potency of amiodarone was unaffected. IhERG inactivation was found to be important for ranolazine's inhibitory action and a series of S6 and inner helix residues (Y652, F656, T623, S624 and V625) were identified as contributing to ranolazine binding. I.

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Delahaye, Roel. "Across-channel effects on masked signal thresholds in hearing." Thesis, University of Essex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298877.

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Randle, Andrew Martin. "Dynamic radio channel effects from L-band foliage scatter." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341630.

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15

Maher, Jacqueline. "The effects of novel xenooestrogens on the BK channel." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2014. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/2d03a2ce-c12a-4bb1-b29c-e21dc2e51cdf.

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Novel steroidal oestrogens, that incorporate some of the structural motifs of non-steroidal antioestrogens, were synthesised and tested for their actions on the BK channel. These novel compounds were first checked for purity and structure using, where appropriate, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography, melting point analysis, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Using Oestrone as the starting compound, the following five novel compounds were synthesised; DME-Oestrone, Quat-DME-Oestrone, DME-Oestradiol, Quat-DME-Oestradiol and Oestrone-Oxime. Two of the derivatives, Quat-DME-Oestrone and Quat-DME-Oestradiol, incorporated a quaternary ammonium side-chain making them membrane impermeable.

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McTaggart, James Suntac. "Effects of activating KATP channel mutations on neuronal function." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d9d102f7-e094-480e-9172-b517515b3537.

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Lahmann, Gutierrez Carolina. "Effects of activating KATP channel mutations on neurological function." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669866.

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Wilson, Stacey. "Modulation of the hERG potassium channel function by extracellular acidosis : single channel effects and underlying basis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/7ef42e09-9a08-4da4-8762-e6797cbad57e.

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Human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channels underlie the rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) and play an important role in repolarisation of cardiac action potentials (APs). Pathological events such as cardiac ischaemia can lead to a decrease in extracellular pH (acidosis). Extracellular acidosis is known to modulate the hERG current (IhERG) but the underlying mechanism(s) are not completely known. The aims of this study were: (1) to establish the effects of acidosis on macroscopic and single-channel IhERG, investigating both hERG1a and hERG1b isoforms; (2) to use an amino acid modifying reagent and site-directed mutagenesis to probe the molecular basis of proton modulation of IhERG, focusing on the hERG1a isoform. Whole-cell and cell-attached patch-clamp recordings were made at ambient temperature of wild-type IhERG from mammalian cell lines (HEK-293 or CHO). When external pH (pHe) was reduced from 7.4 to 6.3, macroscopic IhERG amplitude and conductance decreased, activation was positively shifted, and deactivation kinetics were accelerated. Results obtained in the cell-attached configuration showed a reduction at pHe 6.3 in single-channel IhERG amplitude and conductance, decreased open- and burst-durations and increased closed-time durations. These effects at the single-channel level account for the modulation of macroscopic IhERG by acidic pHe. The first known single-channel recordings from hERG1b showed that this isoform retained sensitivity to acidic pHe, indicating that N-terminal differences between the two isoforms are not critical for proton sensitivity. Experiments completed with a range of extracellular pH values (4.5 – 8.0) revealed that different features of IhERG have distinct pKa values, suggesting multiple sites of proton modulation. Titratable residues located in the pore region of the hERG1a channel were mutated to determine if they were responsible for pH sensitivity. The double mutation E575Q/H578N appeared to remove the proton reduction of channel conductance, thus identifying a novel proton sensor on the hERG channel.

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19

Gangadharan, Divya. "Simulation Study of Device Characteristics and Short Channel Effects of Nanoscale Germanium Channel Double-Gate MOSFETs." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1226530654.

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20

Beatch, Gregory N. "Antifibrillatory actions of K+ channel blocking drugs." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30907.

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs share the common mechanism of widening the cardiac action potential without affecting conduction velocity. This thesis reports on the actions of newly developed putative Class III antiarrhythmic drugs, tedisamil, KC 8851, RP 62719, UK 68798, and risotilide, as well as an ATP-sensitive K⁺ channel blocker, glibenclamide. Studies were performed to examine the actions of these drugs in acute myocardial ischaemia and possible mechanisms responsible for these actions. The hypothesis tested was that drug treatment prevented arrhythmias induced by acute myocardial ischaemia. Species dependent actions of these drugs on ECG and blood pressure were examined in rats, guinea pigs, pigs and primates. The five putative class III drugs listed above were assessed for antiarrhythmic activity in a conscious rat model of myocardial ischaemia. It was found that only tedisamil and KC 8851, which widened the Q-T[formula omitted] interval of the ECG (by up to 65%) , were effective at suppressing fibrillation in this species. None of the drug treatments decreased the incidence of ventricular premature beats. Tedisamil, but not glibenclamide, prevented tachycardias in a rat model of myocardial ischaemia- and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. In an anaesthetized pig model of acute myocardial ischaemia, tedisamil and UK 68,798 were shown to mildly prolong the Q-T[formula omitted] interval by less than 20%, but protection against arrhythmias was equivocal. In further studies, tedisamil and UK 68,798 were compared to each other for effects on ventricular epicardial action potential morphology using intracellular recording in vivo, and effects on ventricular effective refractory period using electrical stimulation in vivo in both rats and guinea pigs. Tedisamil (4 mg/kg, i.v.) prolonged rat ventricular epicardial action potential duration fourfold in vivo, while UK68,798 (up to 1 mg/kg, i.v.) was ineffective in this species. Tedisamil (4 mg/kg, i.v.) widened guinea pig ventricular epicardial potentials by 80%, while UK 68,798 (25 μg/kg, i.v.) increased these by 30%. Action potential widening paralleled increases in ventricular refractoriness to electrical induction of premature beats. It was found that the species selective actions of these drugs was most likely related to differences in selectivity for K⁺ channels which contribute to repolarization in myocardium.
Medicine, Faculty of
Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of
Graduate

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21

Liang, Xiaoping. "Analytical modeling of short channel effects in double gate MOSFET." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3204577.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed April 4, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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22

Scott, Christopher L. "Channel and recipient characteristics effects on communication effectiveness and performance /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/c_scott_042108.pdf.

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23

Shukla, Rahul. "Effects of UE Speed on MIMO Channel Capacity in LTE." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862877/.

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With the introduction of 4G LTE, multiple new technologies were introduced. MIMO is one of the important technologies introduced with fourth generation. The main MIMO modes used in LTE are open loop and closed loop spatial multiplexing modes. This thesis develops an algorithm to calculate the threshold values of UE speed and SNR that is required to implement a switching algorithm which can switch between different MIMO modes for a UE based on the speed and channel conditions (CSI). Specifically, this thesis provides the values of UE speed and SNR at which we can get better results by switching between open loop and closed loop MIMO modes and then be scheduled in sub-channels accordingly. Thus, the results can be used effectively to get better channel capacity with less ISI. The main objectives of this thesis are: to determine the type of MIMO mode suitable for a UE with certain speed, to determine the effects of SNR on selection of MIMO modes, and to design and implement a scheduling algorithm to enhance channel capacity.

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24

Tomasson, Gunnar Gudni. "Nonlinear waves in a channel--three-dimensional and rotational effects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13487.

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Paje, Vladimir I. "THE EFFECTS OF CARRIER FREQUENCY AND ANTENNA DIAMETER ON FREQUENCY SELECTIVE MULTIPATH FADING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606502.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California
This paper uses ARTM channel sounding data collected at Edwards Air Force Base to investigate the dependency between the characteristics of frequency selective multipath fading and carrier frequency and ground based received antenna diameter. Channel model parameters are obtained from data sets measured at different frequencies and various ground based antenna diameters. The analysis shows that the multipath characteristics do not statistically change between the L-band and S-band carrier frequencies, but do change with antenna diameter. Furthermore, Flight 18 data shows that antenna diversity may be a useful technique to reduce data loss from multipath fading.

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Thomas, J. "The effects of homocysteine on potassium channel function in human platelets." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270751.

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Carney, Joanne. "Effects of lipids on the structure of the mechanosensitive channel MscL." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439493.

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Watson, D. "The effects of aquatic macrophytes on channel roughness and flow parameters." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372787.

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Green, Christopher C. "Effects of phytoestrogens on sensitive life history stages in channel catfish /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456624541&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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30

Shahidi, Ghavam Ghavami. "Non-stationary transport effects in deep sub-micron channel Si mosfets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13831.

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31

Oh, Yonghee. "An Enhanced Channel Model for Spectrotemporal Integration and Masker Phase Effects." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376929998.

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32

Raghavan, Srini. "Effects of Co-Channel Interference with Frequency Offset on PSK Signals." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615286.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1987 / Town and Country Hotel, San Diego, California
The sharing of C-band between microwave terrestrial and satellite communication systems invariably introduces interference from one system into the other. Such co-channel interference becomes even more important in satellite receive stations with smaller antennas and must be minimized to achieve system performance objectives. In this paper, co-channel interference due to two TD2 (FDM/FM) carriers into a satellite receive system, receiving binary phase-shift keyed (BPSK) signal, is considered. It is shown that the frequency offset of the TD2 carriers from the BPSK carrier can be used to minimize co-channel interference effects. Equations are given which compute the bit error rate (BER) of BPSK signals in the presence of an interfering unmodulated carrier. They are followed by some results due to TD2 carrier interference.

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Johnston, Alan. "The effects of the asymmetrical curvature of light on angular observations." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309548.

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34

Demir, Ibrahim. "Cmos Class-e Power Amplifier Modelling And Design Including Channel Resistance Effects." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605657/index.pdf.

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CMOS is the favorite candidate process for the high integration of the wireless communication IC blocks, RF frontend and digital baseband circuitry. Also the design of the RF power amplifier stage is the one of the most important part of the RF CMOS circuit design. Since high frequency and high power simultaneously exists on this stage, devices works on the limits of the process. Therefore standard device models may not be valid enough for a successful design. In the thesis high frequency passive device and MOS transistor models for the CMOS process searched though the literature and presented. Besides, different structures of the inductors are investigated for the best quality factor for the chosen process. Class E power amplifiers can reach very high efficiencies and they are very suitable for the low power applications. After the derivation of the classical Class E equations is presented, a new Class E circuit model including MOS transistor&rsquo
s channel resistance is developed and new sets of equations are obtained for the model. Circuit parameters are determined using numerical methods. Class E circuit simulations with these new parameters and earlier parameters are compared. Finally, a 100mW 2.4GHz Class E power amplifier is designed and simulated targeting Bluetooth applications. In this design, Class E circuit parameters are determined for AMS CMOS 0.35um process MOS transistor including the channel resistance. Simulations are performed using Cadence/BSIM3v3 and OrCad PSPICE.

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35

Kalogeropoulos, Elias. "Experimental investigation of roughness effects on centrifugal compressor performance." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326927.

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Krayenhoff, Willem Bruce. "Non local dielectric effects on the dielectric barrier of an ion channel." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6664.

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In this thesis we study non-local dielectric models on the sub-nanometer scale. In particular, we focus on the effect of non-local electrostatics on the potential barrier of a water-filled ion channel through a lipid cell membrane, and on the interaction between ions within such an ion channel. A polarization energy functional is used with its parameters calibrated to roughly reproduce the wave-vector-dependent dielectric function ǫ(q) of water. The lipid membrane is still modelled as a local dielectric. This energy functional is discretized onto a lattice and minimized using local moves to find the energy and the electric and polarization field configurations for a given charge distribution and dielectric profile. This method is used to successfully reproduce known theoretical results with and without an ion channel. Necessary, but not necessarily sufficient conditions for obtaining good results are also derived. The dielectric barrier of an ion channel is studied with these non-local dielectric properties of water, and it is found that the results are very sensitive to how the water-membrane interface is modeled. We conclude that more molecular dynamics simulations are needed to provide guidance as to how to implement the polarization energy density functional at this inter- face, as well as whether these energy density functionals, which match the properties of bulk water, need to be modified in order to apply inside narrow ion channels. However, in all instances that we explored the self-energy of the ion traversing the ion channel was substantially modified from its self-energy under the local model, suggesting that non-local dielectric effects may be one significant factor determining the dielectric barrier of an ion channel.

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Head, Rosemary Florence. "The long-term health effects of the 1944-45 Channel Islands siege." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497631.

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MERRITT, NANCY JANE. "THE NATURE AND VALUE OF DYADIC CHANNEL RELATIONSHIPS: EFFECTS ON MEMBER SATISFACTION." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184029.

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The focus of the research is the management of dyadic channel relationships and, specifically, the formation of channel member satisfaction. Based upon the conceptualization of channels as social and political systems, member satisfaction is proposed as a function of the nature of the channel relationship, as represented by perceived power use, conflict, cooperation, and the definition of channel roles. Further, satisfaction is proposed as a function of the value of the channel relationship to members, as indicated by member performance relative to desired achievement levels. The research setting consists of the dyadic relationship between retailers and the dominant wholesaler in a contractual channel system, focusing on the retailer's satisfaction with the channel relationship. Self-administered questionnaires to 405 dyadic pairs of retail store owners and sales representatives of the wholesaling firm were used to obtain multiple measures of the research constructs. Particular analysis attention was given to the reliability and validity of measures and to the hypothesized relationships among constructs. The results of the research provide support for positive relationships between member satisfaction and role expectations, relative member size, and member performance and a negative relationship between member satisfaction and role stress. High correlations among measures of satisfaction, conflict, cooperation, and noneconomic power sources suggest that the measures are highly related and may not be discriminant, implying that they represent a more general construct, the attitudinal orientation of channel members.

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Fares, Youssef Ramsis. "Effects of cut-off (flood relief) channel intersection on bend flow characteristics." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254320.

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40

Musavian, Leila. "The effects of correlated antennas and imperfect channel knowledge on MIMO systems." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436322.

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41

Cabral, Mariza Castanheira de Moura da Costa. "Effects of spatial constraints on channel network topology : implications for geomorphological inference /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10147.

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42

Spigelman, Igor. "Sensory transmission in peripheral neurons : effects of K+ channel blockers and autacoids." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29437.

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Sensory transmission was studied in trigeminal root ganglia (TRG) of guinea pigs, using intracellular recording techniques. One approach was to examine in detail the effects of applications of different K⁺-channel blockers on the membrane voltage responses and outward currents of TRG neurons, in order to better understand the fundamental processes that affect their excitabilities and repetitive spike discharge. The second approach was to examine several endogenous substances for their effects on the excitabilities of TRG neurons. In addition, a strategy was developed for electrophysiological recording from neurons in human sympathetic ganglia. Successful investigations of these neurons revealed properties similar to certain reported characteristics of sympathetic neurons in experimental animals, including high (~29 MΩ input resistances, pharmacological sensitivity of spikes to the specific Na⁺-channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 µM) and to selective K⁺-channel blockers -- 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM) and tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10 mM). The investigations demonstrated the potential value of these in vitro preparations for studies of the human condition. The investigations in TRG neurons demonstrated that bath applications of TEA (0.1-10 mM) and 4-AP (0.05-5 mM) or Cs⁺ applied internally from the recording electrode, produced an increase in input resistance and a decrease threshold for spike generation in all neurons. Also, applications of 4-AP increased subthreshold oscillations of the membrane potential and enhanced the repetitive spike firing evoked by intracellular injections of current pulses, or elicited spontaneous firing. In contrast, TEA or Cs⁺ applications blocked the oscillations and the spike afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs) without exaggerating repetitive discharge. These investigations suggestedthat several pharmacologically distinct K -currents contribute to the control of excitability in TRG neurons. Comparison of combined actions of 4-AP and TEA with those of Cs⁺, suggested that other ions in addition to K⁺ may contribute to postspike events. Single electrode voltage-clamp analyses revealed transient outward currents that were evoked at the termination of hyperpolarizing voltage commands from holding potentials near -40 mV. The activation was rapid (<5ms) and inactivation (T≃19 ms) complete at potentials within the activation range (-40 to -75 mV). During combined application of TTX (1 µM) and TEA (10 mM), fast activating, sustained currents (>1 s) were evoked by depolarizing commands from holding potentials near -70 mV. These currents were blocked completely by the additional applications of 4-AP (5 mM). Applications of TEA (0.1 mM to 10 mM) produced dose-dependent reductions of the transient outward currents. Applications of Cs⁺ also blocked the currents. However, administrations of 4-AP (0.05 to 5 mM) only slightly reduced these currents and high doses of muscarinic agonists had no effect. The high sensitivity to TEA, and not to 4-AP, suggest a fundamental distinction from similar currents observed previously in other neurons of vertebrates and invertebrates, and hence this transient outward current in TRG neurons, is termed I(T)- The kinetics of I(T) suggest its involvement in the spike AHPs. Therefore, blockade of I(T) by TEA may interfere indirectly with the re-activation of voltage-dependent Na⁺-channels, leading to decreases in repetitive discharge ability. The TEA-insensitive sustained outward current presumably has an inhibiting influence on repetitive discharge. Conditions that interfere with this current, such as blockade of K⁺-channels by 4-AP without a significant blockade of I(T), strongly favour the generation of repetitive discharge in TRG neurons. The investigations using electrical stimulation of axons revealed that changes in the resting potential could inhibit the invasion of spikes into the perikarya, or facilitate the generation of ectopic spike discharges. Applications of 4-AP (1 mM) facilitated the perikaryal invasion of spikes evoked by axonal stimulation, and also resulted in the appearance of fast (~10 ms) depolarizations that reached spike threshold in the absence of applied stimuli. These investigations provided direct evidence that the perikarya of sensory neurons are capable of spike generation, and suggest that this behavior may occur in normal or pathophysiological conditions. The most notable effects of autacoids were those of substance P and histamine, whereas bradykinin did not affect neuronal membrane properties. Applications of substance P in micromolar doses evoked large (up to 45 mV), reversible depolarizations in the majority of neurons, whereas histamine applications produced similar depolarizations only in a small portion of the TRG neurons. Increases in the repetitive discharge abilities of neurons were evident during substance P-induced depolarizations. Studies on the ionic mechanism of substance P action revealed that the peptide-applications resulted in activation of inward currents as well as blockade of outward currents. In addition, it was shown that Na⁺ and Mg²⁺ were involved in the mechanism of action. These findings represent the first demonstration of the profound actions of substance P on the perikaryal membranes of sensory neurons in mammals. The excitatory actions of this endogenous peptide also give rise to the possibility of physiological actions of substance P at multiple sites in the trigeminal system.
Medicine, Faculty of
Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of
Graduate

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Sung-hoon, Jang, Han Sung-hee, and Kim Heung-bum. "Auto-tracking antenna pattern effects on multipath channel model at test range." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607672.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Telemetry propagation channel is modeled to predict PCM/FM telemetry receiving signal level at APG(Anheung Proving Ground), ADD(Agency for Defense Development). Channel model is composed of direct wave and reflected wave in sea surface, so-called 2-ray model. Our 2-ray model includes transmitting antenna radiation pattern, auto-tracking antenna radiation pattern, sea surface reflection coefficient and phase depending on incident angle. Vertical and horizontal polarized receiving signal strength is obtained from pre-calculated flight trajectory of transmitter. Calculated results are compared with measured data in real flight test. 2-ray channel model can predict almost identical receiving signal level and calculate starting point of multi-path fading effect. Using these results, receiving system can be moved to more proper position before flight test.

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44

Hermann, David [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Draguhn. "Effects of Abeta Oligomers and State-Dependent Channel Blockers on High Voltage-Activated Calcium Channels / David Hermann ; Betreuer: Andreas Draguhn." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1177148390/34.

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McCann, Cody James. "Urbanization and its effects on channel morphology." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/24337.

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A focus on river and stream morphology with a specific emphasis on how urbanization and human impacts affect river channels. In the study of rivers, specifically looking at how the channel geometry changes with time, there are five main physical factors described that affect the channel morphology: (1) bank and bar stability; (2) sediment size distribution; (3) sediment supply; (4) flow variability; and (5) downstream slope, width and height. Understanding how these five factors affect channel form is vital in constructing realistic and accurate models of rivers and how they change over time. It is also important to understand some of the limitations of the combined modeling of all these factors together for a general stream. Research studies are presented in order to further understand what knowledge has been acquired, and what areas are lacking in adequate understanding. Examples of cases where urbanization and land use change have a large impact and almost no impact are examined. It is important to understand what the limiting factors are in such cases, and whether it is possible to mitigate the effects or urbanization by any means other than natural channel phenomenon. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment transport model is thoroughly described. The model is evaluated and verified, and potential problems and limitations are then discussed. Then a one-dimensional sediment transport and bed variation model is examined and tested using parameter controlled cases. Urbanization increase near rivers and streams reduces the time frame over which certain natural events would have occurred in those channels. The affects of urbanization include but are not limited to changes in streamflow, sediment transport and deposition, channel bank stability, and increased channel widening. The magnitude of these affects will increase over time if careful steps are not taken to minimize the human influence within channels.
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46

Tzu-ChiehKuo and 郭子傑. "Relational Embeddedness and Resource Dependence Theory in marketing channel: Effects of channel conflicts and channel performance." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87968393751978454224.

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Huang, Hsin-Yi, and 黃馨逸. "The Effects of Electronic Integration on Channel Power, Channel Partnership and Channel Performance for Retail Chain Stores." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95674135200795513657.

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碩士
國立成功大學
企業管理學系碩博士班
92
The IT application in Business plays an important role to enhance the　inter-organization coordination, e-Business indeed changes the conventional business　transactions, and e-Business of distributive-channel industry improves the process of　purchasing, lets information transmit quickly and analyze effectively. Besides, the use of　IT to achieve the inter-organization　coordination changes the channel structure, lets channel become more complex and diversified, and changes the power relationship of　channel members. Thus, suppliers should carefully and appropriately use the power source　to create close and long-term relationship, which is the value system of business sustainable management. Thus, the study uses the points of view of chain retailers to　discuss: 　(1) The effects of electronic integration on channel power, partnership and channelperformance. 　(2) The effects of channel power on partnership and channel performance. 　(3) The effects of partnership on channel performance. 　　　　The research model is based on initial case study, following up by analysis of interview of questionnaire survey data. According to the case study, we find that: e-Business　enhances the information sharing and the quality of communication;increases the extent of　trust,independent, and commitment; forms the long-term relationship, and increases the　profits. 　　 The results of analysis of survey data are: (1) Electronic integration has positive significant effects on non-coercive and reward　power, and negative significant effects on coercive power. Besides, the level of　electronic integration has positive relationship among partnership and channel performance. 　(2) In the channel power, non-coercive and reward power have the significant effects on partnership. Coercive power has negative　significant effects on channel performance,　and reward power has positive significant effects on channel performance. 　(3) Trust has positive　significant effects on channel performance.

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48

Or, Siu-shun Burnette. "Hot electron effects in N-channel MOSFET's." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36673.

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The purpose of this work is to develop a new model for LDD n-MOSFET degradation in drain current under long-term AC use conditions for lifetime projection which includes a self-limiting effect in the hot-electron induced device degradation. Experimental results on LDD n-channel MOSFETs shows that the maximum drain current degradation is a function of the AC average substrate current under the various AC stress conditions but not a function of frequency or waveforms or different measurement configurations. An empirical model is constructed for circuit applications. It is verified that the self-limiting in drain current is due to the thermal re-emission of a trapped-hot-electron in the oxide. Results show that self-heating during AC stress releases trapped electrons, which in turn limits the maximum amount of drain current degradation. Moreover, tunneling to and from traps model is employed to visualize the internal mechanism of thermal recovery of electrons under different bias conditions. Although the LDD device structure can reduce the hot electron effect, various processing technologies can also affect the device reliability. A carbon doped LDD device with the first and the second level metal and passivation layer but without any final anneal shows that a significant reduction in the shifts of the threshold voltage of MOSFETs with time can be achieved. However, the long-term reliability projection of nMOSFETs based on DC stress tests alone is shown to be overly pessimistic.
Graduation date: 1992

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Cheng, Wei-Chung, and 鄭惟中. "Effects of Path Delay Values and Channel Dispersion Length on LS Channel Estimate Performance." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57008739987827608934.

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碩士
淡江大學
電機工程學系
92
We investigate effects of the multipath delay value (in units of integral and non-integral multiples of data symbol period) and channel dispersion length on the performance of least-square (LS) channel estimation for wireless OFDM systems. Square QAM transmission over frequency-selective slowly fading channels are considered. Several channel fading types, some purely theoretical, are modeled for analysis and simulation studies. They are channels with real Gaussian fading amplitudes, real Rayleigh fading amplitudes, and complex Gaussian amplitudes. Performance measures used are least-square errors of the channel estimate and symbol error rates. Block-type pilot arrangements are used for the LS channel estimation.

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Chen, Tzu Chun, and 陳姿君. "Effects of Travel Wholesalers'' Strategies on Channel Relationship." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43310170138073048085.

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碩士
中國文化大學
觀光事業研究所
90
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of wholesalers'' strategies on channel relationship. It is anticipated that strategies will influence channel management, relational behavior, and relationship commitment. The study first establishes the con-ceptual framework of the effects of strategies on channel relationship and research hy-potheses based on existing literature; the next step is to utilize linear structural relational model (LISREL) to conduct empirical analysis; and finally to clarify the effects of wholesalers'' strategies on channel relationship. The subjects are travel retailers with head offices in Taipei. The result of this study indicate that travel wholesalers employing a cost leadership strategy are more likely to engage in low levels of contract, coordination and support; travel wholesalers employing a differentiation strategy are more likely to engage in high levels of contract, coordination and support; travel wholesalers employing a focus strategy are not likely to engage in channel management; contract significantly effects on travel retailers'' trust and communication; coordination significantly effects on travel retailers'' dependence and communication; support significantly effects on travel retail-ers'' trust and dependence; trust and communication significantly effect on travel retail-ers'' affective commitment, expect of continuance, and willing to invest; dependence sig-nificantly effects on travel retailers'' affective commitment and willing to invest. The study can testify the theoretical structure of the effects of strategies on channel relationship, and also provide suggestions about long-term relationship for travel industry.

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