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Vuorinen, Lauri, and Miia Maarit Martinsuo. "Lifecycle view of managing different changes in projects." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 12, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 120–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-11-2017-0135.
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Purpose A project contractor can promote the success of a delivery project by planning the project well and following a project management methodology (PMM). However, various changes typically take place, requiring changes to the project plan and actions that deviate from the firm’s established PMM. The purpose of this paper is to explore different types of changes and change management activities over the lifecycle of delivery projects. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative single case study design was used. In total, 17 semi-structured interviews were carried out during a delivery project in a medium-sized engineering company that delivers complex systems to industrial customers. Findings Both plan-related changes and deviations from the PMM were mapped throughout the project lifecycle. Various internal and external sources of change were identified. An illustrative example of the interconnectedness of the changes reveals the potential escalation of changes over the project lifecycle. Managers and project personnel engage in different change management activities and improvisation to create alternative paths, re-plan, catch up, and optimize project performance after changes. Research limitations/implications The empirical study is limited to a single case study setting and a single industry. The findings draw attention to the interconnectedness and potential escalation effect of changes over the lifecycle of the project, and the need for integrated change management and improvisation actions. Practical implications Efficient change management and improvisation at the early phase of a delivery project can potentially mitigate negative change incidents in later project phases. Changes are not only the project manager’s concern; project personnel’s skilled change responses are also helpful. The findings emphasize the importance of the project customer as a source of changes in delivery projects, meaning that customer relationship management throughout the project lifecycle is needed for successful change management. Originality/value The study offers increased understanding of changes and change management throughout the project lifecycle. The results show evidence of plan-related and methodology-related changes and their interconnections, thereby proposing a lifecycle view of integrated change management and improvisation in projects.
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Cimitile, A., and G. Visaggio. "Managing Software Projects by Structured Project Planning." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 07, no. 04 (December 1997): 553–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194097000308.
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This study is based on the Structured Process Model formalism previously proposed by the same authors, and describes some techniques for scheduling an execution plan which conforms to the chosen process but adapts to all the potential changes in the value of specific variables of the project. The executive plan is generated by means of Incremental Refinements. Each increment is the consequence of one or more decisions taken by the manager. All the contingencies which can occur during the execution of the project are classified in a finite number of types of events which form the basis for the definition of all the transition laws between the possible states of the process. Naturally, the manager's decisions, and therefore the composition of the increment, take into account the changes in the value of the variables of the process and of the process model itself. In addition, the study proposes the handling of fuzzy activities, by means of which the problems of recycles and reprocessing are solved. These activities also provide a better management of the execution times of the project.
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Sjögren, Peter, Björn Fagerström, Martin Kurdve, and Magnus Callavik. "Managing emergent changes: ad hoc teams’ praxis and practices." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 4 (September 3, 2018): 1086–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-12-2017-0163.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how emergent changes are handled in research and development (R&D) projects. R&D projects’ business potential lies in their exploration of the unknown; conversely, this makes them uncertain endeavours, prone to emergent changes. Design/methodology/approach Uses a single-case-study design, based on a projects-as-practice perspective and a soft systems methodology (SSM) analysis, to map how ad hoc R&D teams handle emergent changes, specifically the solution identification and assessment phase and the implementation plan. An R&D project in the power industry, involving over 250 engineers, was analysed. Findings This paper shows how emergent changes are handled differently from initiated changes during the decision-making phase. The system analysis shows that the most critical factors for managing these changes are: collective reflection between project parties; and including experienced engineers in implementation-plan reviews. Practical implications The results are of relevance both to R&D managers aiming to improve team performance and to general project management. Informal notions of emergent changes can be formalised in the change request process. Weaknesses in the project team’s organisation are highlighted, and details of how of how to mitigate these are provided. Originality/value Combines engineering-design and project-management research on emergent changes, adding to the former regarding people–organisational and strategic issues. Furthers understanding of the projects-as-practice approach and emergent change (deviations) handling by ad hoc teams in a project environment. SSM has not previously been used to explore aspects of projects-as-practice, and this is a novel way of adding to the body of knowledge on project praxis and practise.
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Mielimąka, Ryszard, Justyna Orwat, and Ewa Maciejowska-Figiel. "Conception of the Track System for „Dębieńsko 1” Mining Plant." Management Systems in Production Engineering 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-10-03-2016.
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Abstract This article presents two concepts of site development for the „Dębieńsko 1” mining plant including plans for the track system. The first plan was created in 2013 year and mainly assumed the renovation of railway infrastructure, without changing its shape and configuration. In 2014 year it was resigned from realization of the first conception and there was proposed the second plan. It included changes in the existing track system and project of the new system of excavated raw material haulage. This system is successfully using in the USA and provides the better work productivity of a shunting locomotive. In this article also were indicated the advantages and the disadvantages of solutions proposed in the two projects of site development plans. It was denoted the project that has ultimately been chosen with the justification of choice.
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Tariq, Saman, Naveed Ahmad, M. Usman Ashraf, Ahmed M. Alghamdi, and Ahmed S. Alfakeeh. "Measuring the Impact of Scope Changes on Project Plan Using EVM." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 154589–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3018169.
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GOLDMANN, SIGRID, JÜRGEN MÜNCH, and HARALD HOLZ. "DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING SUPPORT WITH MILOS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 10, no. 04 (August 2000): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194000000298.
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Software development processes are highly creative, and therefore prone to change frequently. Also, recent developments show that most software projects require knowledge and skills in a lot of areas. Since the necessary expertise often cannot be found at one development site, the necessity arises to distribute projects among several sites, or form "virtual" corporations, where software development is shared between several companies. The first point makes it necessary to support changes by identifying and notifying the people affected by a change. The second point emphasizes this necessity, while also complicating project planning and management: changes in one development site or company might necessitate replanning in several locations. In this paper, we introduce the MILOS approach, which provides concepts to integrate process modeling, planning, scheduling and enactment in one system. Thus dynamic plan changes, as well as automated feedback from execution to the project plan can be supported.
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Yuliana, Candra. "The Influence of Delays in the Implementation of Work on Budget Plan and Field Management on Building Project in Banjarmasin." MATEC Web of Conferences 280 (2019): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928005010.
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The construction service company needs to think about the best strategy for dealing with delay in the project work schedule so that the cost overruns can be reduced to a minimum. The purpose of this research is to make a strategy for overcoming the delay of building project construction work in Banjarmasin. Primary data were obtained by field survey and interviews. The survey was conducted to project directors, project managers and the field, supervisors, and experts who are experienced in handling construction projects. The survey aims to collect data on the dominant factors causing delays in structural work, the impact of such delays on the budget plan, and the strategy of handling delays. The data were analyzed descriptively and AHP. Variable Y, which is the impact of the delay on changes in the work plan cost budget structure, is at a large level that is changing between 3% - 4% of the budget plan cost. The dominant factor to the cause of the delay is the slow decision-making process by the owner, the owner’s financial problem, the financial difficulties by the contractor, the mistake of choosing the construction method, the shortage of the project.
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Ahramakova, Nataliia, Svitlana Honcharova, and Andriy Honcharov. "Technology for the development and implementation of social projects: substantiation of the project proposal and documents." Development Management 18, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/dm.18(1).2020.02.
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Ensuring a decent standard of living for citizens, especially vulnerable groups, requires qualitative changes in society. Social projects are a modern tool for making change. In this regard, it becomes relevant to study the applied aspect of their implementation – technology for the development and implementation of social projects. This study aims at exploring the nature and classification of social projects, as well as improving and further developing the technology for the development and implementation with justification of the project proposal and documentation using the Let’s Start Together project as an example. The object of research is the process of using technologies for the development and implementation of social projects in solving social problems of society. The subject is theoretical and practical recommendations on the technology for the development and implementation of social projects, based on the justification of the project proposal and documentation. The following methods were used: logical analysis – to clarify the essence of the concept of a social project; analysis and synthesis – to improve the classification of social projects; network planning – to formulate a technology implementation plan for the development and implementation of social projects. The paper explores the essence of a social project, proposes the classification of social projects and defines criteria for their evaluation. The sources of financing a social project are characterized; co-financing by various donors. A technology for the development and implementation of social projects is proposed. Considerable attention is paid to the first stage, namely the development of the project proposal and the documentation of a social project. The proposed technology was tested in the context of the social project Let’s Start Together.
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Laval, Valerian. "Improving the controlling function with a structured optimization project." Timisoara Journal of Economics and Business 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjeb-2015-0015.
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Abstract The controlling function should provide decision relevant information to the top management. However, in some companies the controlling function does only deliver little or no decision support to the management and in consequence loses influence. This paper aims to solve this unfavorable situation. The paper will outline how the controlling function is unconsciously influenced by internal and external factors. Special focus is put on the influence of the company size on the controlling function which is analyzed based on a recent survey. To find an optimal project set up various suggestions made in the literature are analyzed and developed further. The suggested project set up is a scalable project plan which involves top management as recipient of controlling services at an early stage. As restructuring initiatives have to overcome the resiliency against changes the suggested project plan will focus to achieve quick wins on the one hand side and to prepare the organization for more strategic changes on the long run. The introduced project plan will provide companies a blueprint how to maximize project success while minimizing complexity and possible resistance towards the adaption process. This paper is expected to have a high relevance for companies who want to improve the value contribution of their controlling department.
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Mohammad, Noraziah, and Zabidi Hamzah. "A review of causes of variation order in the construction of terrace housing projects in Malaysia." MATEC Web of Conferences 277 (2019): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927703013.
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Variation order refers to any changes from the scope, plan, specification or contract document in the construction project. This changes of work is a common problem in construction projects in Malaysia. It is inevitable in any construction project and this problem can become more serious when variation order causes work progress to be impaired as a results it increased the construction time and cost that affects the construction industry in Malaysia. This paper critically review the causes of variation order in the construction industry on the double-storey terrace housing project in Malaysia. The discussions began with the construction industry in Malaysia and then related parties involved in the construction industry. The extensive local and abroad literature review on the definitions of variation order and analysis of past studies conducted on variation order and the previous study of the prediction model of variation. The extensive literature on variation order in the construction of building project may help to improve the performance in term of time, cost and quality of the construction of building projects in Malaysia.
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Mitsuyuki, Taiga, Kazuo Hiekata, Takuya Goto, and Bryan Moser. "Evaluation of Project Architecture in Software Development Mixing Waterfall and Agile by Using Process Simulation." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 02, no. 02 (June 2017): 1750007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862217500075.
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For software development, especially massive software systems, a waterfall process is used traditionally. A waterfall process can be highly effective on the condition that a master plan is fixed and the possibility of changes and uncertain rework is low. However, in software development projects, many kinds of reworks occur corresponding to uncertain requirement changes and program bugs. In addition, with the advent of cloud-based software platforms and continuous development operations, it is possible to develop a software system while operating the system. To respond to this situation, software development projects often adopt an agile process. Agility may allow conditional response to uncertain rework, yet at the same time it may be difficult to control the achievement of known project targets. Recently, many cases of adopting mixed processes including waterfall and agile have been reported in the massive software development projects. In this paper, we argue that the mixed process architecture should be designed, considering the scale of the targeted software project, the culture of organization, the probability of uncertain requirement changes, and so on. This paper proposes a methodology of evaluating the impact of waterfall, agile, and mixed project architectures by using process simulation. A project architectural approach is evaluated with a simulator which includes a software reliability growth model and uncertain rework driven by requirement change and error propagation. The proposed methodology was applied to a development project for a simple shopping website. The results showed that the proposed methodology allows exploration of partial agile adoption depending on the nature of the system development project, including its scale and chances of change. For example, in this paper, if the scale of the project is small, the positive effect of increasing agility by adopting agile processes is low. On the other hand, if the scale of the project is large, the effect of increasing agility by adopting agile process can increase. Furthermore, it became clear that it is important to not apply an agile process blindly, but instead to design a mixed project architecture considering the number of errors and development schedule targets across the project scope.
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Pyrini, Nancy, Orestes Johns Varonis, and Evangeline Marlos Varonis. "The Open Wings project." International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 34, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-09-2016-0049.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the implementation and outcomes of the “Open Wings” project, a continuing effort to create a community of self-directed elementary school learners and to enhance their homonomy. Technology-enhanced international videoconference presentations resulted in both knowledge gains and attitude changes. These, in turn, inspired creative, collaborative interdisciplinary projects through which students demonstrated that they could embed themselves in contexts that contribute to homonomous identification and development. Design/methodology/approach Over the 2015-2016 school year, interactive international videoconferences were delivered to first and sixth grade classrooms in two elementary schools in Athens, Greece. Topics included a personal immigration story and responsible citizenship. Impact was measured quantitatively by a pre-test/post-test design that measured changes in knowledge and attitudes and qualitatively by student group projects at six stations inspired by e-reflect methodology. Findings Students demonstrated gains in factual knowledge and changes in attitudes toward immigrants and refugees. Individual and group work at each station revealed that they could plan, research, and present projects that demonstrated their personal sense of self and their place in the community. Originality/value With many in Greece directly affected by the economic crisis and an influx of refugees and immigrants, students feel they have no control over their lives and become fearful of outsiders. Even when resources are limited, innovative use of learning technologies can help educate students in the prescribed curriculum and guide them beyond hopelessness to see themselves as empowered individuals who can enrich their own lives and those of their communities.
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Sahare, Janhvi A. "Planning and Scheduling of Nagpur Metro Project using Smart-sheet tool." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 1032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37525.
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Abstract: Smart-Sheet is a project management software product, developed and sold by Smart consultancies. It is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analysing workloads. Smart sheet can be used as a standalone tool for tracking project progress or it can be used for tracking complex project distributed in many geographical areas and managed by a number of project managers. Smart Sheet is designed to assist a project manager in: 1) Developing a plan, 2) Assigning resources to tasks, 3) Tracking progress, 4) Managing budget and 5) Analysing workloads. In this study an effort is made to estimate the changes in overall cost and time required to execute the phase 1 work of Nagpur metro rail project when done by conventional execution approach and when done by project management software tool of smart sheet Keywords: Project management, Smart sheet, Conventional construction execution, Cost optimization, Time optimization, Resource optimization.
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Chalekaee, Alireza, Zenonas Turskis, Mostafa Khanzadi, Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri, and Violeta Keršulienė. "A New Hybrid MCDM Model with Grey Numbers for the Construction Delay Change Response Problem." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030776.
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Stakeholders carry out construction projects under fast-changing conditions. The conditions can undermine the concept of a stable and prosperous construction plan without an appropriate permit and an active and targeted plan for environmental management. Therefore, the decision maker often faces many challenges of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) when it comes to solving the construction management proper response selection problem for planning delay changes when sustainable environment requirements are essential. Any addition, reduction, or modification of the original project plan is a change to the project and impacts the environment. Change occurrence is a probable issue while projects are implemented. One of the most complex tasks for the project manager is to work correctly and to find the most suitable decisions for the not precisely predetermined future expectations of a change. Therefore, the relevant criteria of values must reflect the uncertain properties of the problem model. Similar problems require fuzzy or grey MCDM methods. The paper introduces a new MCDM approach, which combines four different MCDM methods with grey numbers: the SWARA, TOPSIS-GM, Additive Ratio ASsessment with Grey Numbers (ARAS-G) techniques and Geometric Mean to cover uncertainty and improve the problem-solving model. An analysis of a case study has examined and highlighted four possible alternatives described by eight performance criteria (cost, duration, and some linguistic criteria). Stakeholders determined the best alternative, calculated the efficiency of choice, and practically implemented the best option.
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Gachie, Wanjiru. "Project risk management: A review of an institutional project life cycle." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 4-1 (2017): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgc7i4c1art8.
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This article is a desktop analysis of project risk management involving a project management institutional restructuring. The pragmatic nature of this research allows for the literature review and the document analysis to be integrated and presented as both a descriptive and analytical research. The analysis demonstrates that the project committee did not proactively manage project risk. The restructuring was a change management project, entailing the implementation of many organisational changes, such as restructuring, lay-off of some part of the administrative workforce, adoption of new technology, provision of new approaches to well-established procedures, and implementation of new performance initiative, the process which should have been managed with an effective integrated risk strategy and plan. Analysis of the restructuring project risk management exhibits little evidence of a systematic (computer based or manual) record that should have provided policies, procedures, and structures for managing risk. The article concludes that the restructuring risk process was inadequate and it could not have ensured a successful project. An analysis of the restructuring project risk monitoring and control exhibits a reactive rather than proactive application of risk management procedures. The analysis further indicates that the committee failed to make use of the various project risk management processes, standards, and guidelines. Based on the conclusions, the article recommends that project risk planning, strategy, control, and monitoring should be put in place for future institutional projects. The project management team should also put in place procedures for primary stakeholders engagements, identify and address their nature of interest and power in future risk management projects.
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Danubianu, Mirela, and Cristian Teodorescu. "Energy, Climate Changes, COVID-19: Romanian answers." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151005.
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The EU's energy and climate change concerns have materialized in the last years in launching 2020-2030 strategic initiatives. The Plan Up project seeks to monitor this area. Each EU member must implement its own plan (NECP) structured on 5 main dimensions: energy security, decarbonization, energy efficiency, internal energy market, research-innovation-competitiveness. Romania is committed to reducing CO2 emissions by over 43%, to increasing energy efficiency by over 37% and to promote renewable energy to reach approx. 28% of the portfolio (97% for the rail transport sector). The impact of COVID-19 must be immediately included in the NECP and seen as an opportunity and the NECP, adapted accordingly. The paper presents this Project and the potential Romanian contribution in the Transport Sector, a sector currently in a massive reorientation (electric cars, encouraging public transport, anti-Diesel offensive, etc.) and the most severely affected by COVID-19. The vast Romanian experience in the use of dimethyl-ether (DME) as an ecological substitute for diesel is presented, which would dramatically reduce the need for investments in the conversion of the current fleet of diesel vehicles. DME is also as a C3-C4 fraction substitute (CFC), in sprays, refrigerant agent in refrigerators, etc. Examples of applications of the proposed solution are given (USA, Scandinavia). The advantages of DME would be that it can be synthesized from renewable sources (municipal, agricultural waste), thus adding value to waste and improving the energy resources balance of Romania and the EU. The paper also seeks an objective critique of the (not so-)miracle solution of electromobility.
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Jeong, Eun Joo, Ji Hwan Bae, and Seung Ryul Jeong. "Guidelines Aimed at Reducing the Risks of User Acceptance Delay in the Context of an IT Service Project Management Plan." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 4 (August 1, 2015): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i4.pp832-839.
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Delays in the user acceptance of information <strong>technology (</strong>IT) service projects in Korea have occurred frequently due to various risk factors. User acceptance delays may hinder the achievement of the client’s project objectives and cause schedule delays or cost overruns. Furthermore, the client may impose a delay charge and claim for additional damages, causing serious disputes between buyer and supplier. The main causes of user acceptance delays are unclear user requirements, changes in user requirements, poor-quality development outputs, excessive functional and non-functional errors, lack of user involvement, unclear user roles and responsibilities, and unclear criteria of user acceptance test.We help foster the timely completion of user acceptance by proposing a method of identifying the risk factors in user acceptance delay and creating a project management plan to weed out the identified risks. We propose a guideline for an IT service management plan that weeds out or lowers the risk factors well in advance. To validate the guideline’s utility, we apply it to IT service projects. The results show that the guideline is effective in identifying and removing risk factors affecting delays in the user acceptance of IT service projects.
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Jayaraman, R. "Project cost control: a new method to plan and control costs in large projects." Business Process Management Journal 22, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 1247–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-10-2014-0102.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reengineer the process of cost management in large projects. Design/methodology/approach Considering the fact most large projects overrun their budgets because of the long time period needed to completion, it was decided to reengineer the cost management. Accordingly costs allocated to packages were reviewed and changed on a dynamic basis. Different types of contingencies were provided. Concepts of package contingency and project contingency were introduced. These were based on the project buffer and feeding buffer concepts popularised by Eliyahu Goldratt. Findings The re-engineered method of cost control worked well and yielded better than expected results, leading to the setting up of a new world record in the completion time for setting up a million tonnes per annum continuous, tandem cold rolling mill to roll steel sheets. Research limitations/implications In view of the total success of the reengineered approach, which was tested out on a large project over three years, it is felt that other projects could also try out this technique, especially since it is along the lines proposed by Eliyahu Goldratt who is an authority on project management. However the success can be better understood if the results of the testing become available. To that extent the contents of the present paper have limitations. Practical implications Large projects can deploy the methodology and complete their projects on time and under budget. Social implications The reengineering of the cost management was done primarily with a view to complete projects under budget. Since many governments spend many billions of dollars on publicly funded projects for the welfare of citizens, the use of this technique could have a salutary effect on the cost. Originality/value The method was innovated in the company by the author’s team and deployed in a live project over four years for the first time to achieve world-class results.
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Zou, Yi, and Sang-Hoon Lee. "Implementation of project change management best practice in different project environments." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 3 (March 2009): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-138.
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Change orders are ubiquitous in construction projects, and effective and efficient control of changes is critical to project success. There have been many empirical suggestions as to how to manage changes for best project outcomes, but this research is specifically aimed at exploring the relationship between project characteristics and the implementation of project change management best practices (PCMBP). Construction project data for this research are derived from the Construction Industry Institute (CII) benchmarking and metrics (BM&M) database. Binary logistic regressions and factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) are performed to find out the differences among diverse types of projects in terms of the extents to which the PCMBP elements have been implemented. The findings can assist construction industry practitioners with using PCMBP more purposefully in accordance with specific project characteristics so that they will be better able to develop and administer their project execution plans.
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Yu, Lin Lin, and Yu Fei Rao. "UHV AC Placement Selection Method Based on the Short Circuit Current Coordination." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1280.
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UHV AC transmission has a high transmission capacity, long distance, low loss, covers save etc. significant advantages, so it’s widely used in our country. But the placement of the UHV which was sent to select still major use projects empirical methods. This method lacks clarity and systematic. Meanwhile, it is difficult to adapt to complex changes in the overall demand for power grid. This paper developed a UHV AC placement selection method based on short-circuit current coordination. According to UHV grid and nearby 500kV grid short-circuit current coordination constraint, unreasonable impact point sent plan was excluded so that greatly unnecessary computational analysis was reduced. This can quickly determine the placement of reasonable UHV AC transmission project plan.
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Bagger, Thomas. "‘Review2014’: A Project of Reflection and Change in German Foreign Policy." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 10, no. 4 (October 23, 2015): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-12341322.
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The ‘Review2014’ project was announced by Frank-Walter Steinmeier on 17 December 2013, the very day of his return to the German Foreign Ministry for a second term as Foreign Minister after his first term from 2005-2009. He presented the project’s conclusions under the heading ‘Crisis, Order, Europe’ on 25 February 2015, to the ministry’s staff and the wider public (see online at http: //www.review2014.de). A more detailed Action Plan aims to implement a set of specific institutional and procedural changes by summer 2016. The more ambitious goal of changes to the German Foreign Ministry’s culture will require a long-term effort.
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Krajňák, Marek, and Renáta Bašková. "The Cost Monitoring of the Construction Machinery with Using the Stochastic Progress-Based S-curves." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2015-0006.
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Abstract Contribution presents methodology for evaluating at-completion project performance status. Accurate cost and schedule project forecasts are difficult to generate when considering the impact of such events as unforeseen cost changes, material delays, scope deviation, changes to the project execution plan and poor subcontractor performance. In reality, the original estimate may be considered the first project forecast and at the point of project completion, the latest updated estimate (last forecast) and the actual amount of what is being expended should be the same. Final project performance is determined by comparing the planned budget and project duration, with the expected forecasted final budget and elapsed time. The stochastic S-curve methodology permits objective evaluation of project performance without the limitations inherent in a deterministic approach. This paper used the stochastic S curve to monitor the cost and time consumption in operation of the construction machines. The contribution presents a partial outcome from the dissertation thesis called the Interactive tools for resource optimization in construction.
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Yetrina, Mutiara. "Pengembangan Algoritma Manajemen Risiko Proyek Konstruksi." Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri 17, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/josi.v17.n1.p101-112.2018.
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The success of a project is uncertain. There is a possibility that the project was successful or failed. Some of the risks that may occur in the project include the arrival of goods or the completion of work late from the time set, design changes due to obstacles in the field, as well as other risks. It is therefore necessary to study the project risks to identify potential problems that may occur and make decisions to reduce risks and increase the likelihood of success of the project. In order for risk management to be performed, the owner must know the steps in evaluating the project and the steps in the implementation of risk management. This study discusses the development of algorithms for project evaluation and risk management. The resulting algorithm is then implemented to the CC-II civil construction project at Indarung VI Project. The results of the implementation show that the project is not running in accordance with the plan. The dominant factors causing delays include BOQ miscalculation by consultants, inadequate and slow decision-making mechanisms, and details of workmanship changes.
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Stewart, Andrew. "Recovering large Brownfield projects in distress." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13119.
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A large body of knowledge exists about how to plan and establish projects for success; from project management guidelines to staged gate-execution methodologies. Despite such prescriptive means to guarantee project success, the upstream oil and gas industry has a poor track record for delivering large projects. Little guidance exists on how to restore delivery assurance to partially executed projects in distress. Furthermore, recovery efforts for large brownfield projects, mid-way through their execution, are further complicated and highly constrained. Operators and contractors alike are understandably concerned about the high failure rate of projects, particularly as Australia competes for global capital in the final investment decision for a project’s development. Issues cover the full spectrum of safety, cost, schedule, start-up, and operability. Furthermore, unanticipated issues such as industrial relations, resourcing, project controls, estimate basis, and design changes all play a central role in why projects find themselves in distress. In a recent case study, a structured recovery approach restored delivery assurance to a $900 m upstream brownfield project. Despite the numerous challenges encountered during the recovery efforts, the project went on to deliver ahead of its revised cost and schedule commitment, while also achieving outstanding safety performance. The self-governance program was instrumental in restoring delivery performance through responsive decision making that was robust, repeatable and preserved free calendar time for early intervention on high value recovery issues. The journey of recovery also restored a fractured client and contractor relationship by fostering a project delivery environment that was highly collaborative.
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Kadam, Prashant Pralhad. "Risk Management in Oil and Gas (EPC) Industry." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 1255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38162.
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Abstract: The five most important risk factors identified in the design phase are 1] scope uncertainty, 2] failed management and planning, 3] changes in errors and omissions, 4] inadequate projectS team structure, 5] inadequate quality requirements. The top five risk factors determined by the procurement category are 1] Inadequate online resources and equipment, 2] Distribution of suppliers, 3] Uncertainty in design and style, codes, requirements and standards, 4] Defective items, and 5] Compromise. The 5 most important risk factors identified in the construction phase are 1] weak project capability, 2] excessive construction costs, 3] major construction delays, 4] strong project plan, and 5] poor safety management .This was initiated by the link between risk factors and the effects on price, quality and timing, as well as the potential for expensive, common, and high-quality outcomes. Keywords: Disaster risk management, risk management strategies, project risk management, oil and gas industry.
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Sharma, Nidhi, and Manoj Wadhwa. "eXSRUP: Hybrid Software Development Model Integrating Extreme Programing, Scrum & Rational Unified Process." TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/tijee.v16i2.1627.
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<p>Software industries are progressively adopting the agile development practices of customized models such as Extreme Programming (XP) or Scrum or Rational Unified Process (RUP). Scrum and Extreme Programming (XP) are frequently used agile models, whereas Rational Unified Process (RUP) is one popular classic plan driven software development methodology. Both agile and plan driven models have their own merits & demerits such as XP has good engineering practices, team collaboration and on the other hand weak documentation, poor performance in medium & large scale projects. Scrum is based on project management practices. RUP model has some limitations such as impractical for small and fast paced projects, tendency to be over budgeted, condemn rapid changes in requirements. This research paper based on proposes hybrid framework eXSRUP by combining strengths of Scrum, XP and RUP by suppressing their limitations to produce high quality software.</p>
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Sørensen, Nina N., Inge Tetens, Hanne Løje, and Anne D. Lassen. "The effectiveness of the Danish Organic Action Plan 2020 to increase the level of organic public procurement in Danish public kitchens." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 18 (July 4, 2016): 3428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016001737.
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AbstractObjectiveTo measure the effect of organic food conversion projects on the percentage of organic food used in Danish public kitchens participating in the Danish Organic Action Plan 2020.DesignThe current longitudinal study was based on measurements of organic food percentages in Danish public kitchens before and after kitchen employees participated in conversion projects.SettingPublic kitchens participating in the nine organic food conversion projects under the Danish Organic Action Plan 2020, initiated during autumn 2012 and spring 2013 and completed in summer 2015.SubjectsA total of 622 public kitchens.ResultsThe average (median) increase in organic food percentage from baseline to follow-up was 24 percentage points (P<0·001) during an overall median follow-up period of 1·5 years. When analysing data according to public kitchen type, the increase remained significant for seven out of eight kitchens. Furthermore, the proportion of public kitchens eligible for the Organic Cuisine Label in either silver (60–90 % organic food procurement) or gold (90–100 % organic food procurement) level doubled from 31 % to 62 %, respectively, during the conversion period. Conversion project curriculum mostly included elements of ‘theory’, ‘menu planning’, ‘network’ and ‘Organic Cuisine Label method’ to ensure successful implementation.ConclusionsThe study reports significant increases in the level of organic food procurement among public kitchens participating in the Danish Organic Action Plan 2020. Recommendations for future organic conversion projects include adding key curriculum components to the project’s educational content and measuring changes in organic food percentage to increase the chances of successful implementation.
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Hordieieva, Inna O., and Valentina M. Molokanova. "STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION ADAPTIVITY RATE CORRELATION IN RELATION TO ITS INTERNAL INTEGRITY." Herald of Advanced Information Technology 3, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 292–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/hait.04.2020.7.
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The focus of modern project management is increasingly shifting from the management of individual projects to the management of strategic project-oriented development of organizations. Now there is a need to pay more attention to project management as a universal tool for the development of systems at any level. The aim of the article is to study the processes of organization adaptation to constant changes through a synergetic portfolio of projects based on a strategic plan for the development and evolution of the organization. The spiral movement of systems development for studying development processes is considered: the process of transition of an organization from one stable state to another, the process of radical changes that accompanies innovation, as well as the processes of growth and development of crisis phenomena. The methodological principles of the organization evolutionary development management through the implementation of portfolio using its methods and tools are considered. It is proposed to manage the organization evolutionary development by building actions in the form of a synergistic portfolio of appropriate projects content, in order to increase the value of the entire portfolio of projects over the value of individual projects. The synergetic portfolio of projects is seen as a tool for a harmonious transition to the desired evolutionary state, by preserving the internal integrity of the organization and ensuring its sustainability. A mathematical model for estimating the desired properties and relations of the organizational synergetic portfolio of projects is proposed, which allows to determine and minimize the magnitude of the evolutionary goals inconsistency and to stabilize the current state of organization. It is determined that the two main tasks of any organization - external adaptation and internal integration - constantly push the organization to evolutionary development. The article proposes the author's approach to managing the organization evolutionary development through a portfolio of projects identifies indicators of adaptation of the organization to changes in the environment, defines the conditions for maintaining the integrity of the organization in the process of organizational changes.
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Popejoy, Lori L., Amy A. Vogelsmeier, Bonnie J. Wakefield, Colleen M. Galambos, Alexandria M. Lewis, Diane Huneke, and David R. Mehr. "Adapting Project RED to Skilled Nursing Facilities." Clinical Nursing Research 29, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773818819261.
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This article describes our recommendation for adapting hospital-based RED (Reengineered Discharge) processes to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Using focus groups, the SNFs’ discharge processes were assessed twice additionally, research staff then recorded field notes documenting discussions about facility discharge processes as they related to RED processes. Data were systematically analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recommendations for adapting RED to the SNF setting including (a) rapidly identifying, involving, and preparing family/caregivers to implement a patient focused SNF discharge plan; (b) reconnecting patients quickly to primary care providers; and (c) educating patients at discharge about their target health condition, medications, and impact of changes on other chronic health needs. Limited SNF staff capacity and corporate-level policies limited adoption of some key RED components. Transitional care processes such as RED, developed to avoid discharge problems, can be adapted for SNFs to improve their discharges.
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Faria, Inês. "Plans, Changes, Improvisations." Anthropology in Action 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/aia.2021.280203.
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This article addresses the challenges and reflections of a junior anthropologist while developing research on the delicate topic of reproductive health and infertility in Maputo, Mozambique. Based on participant observation notes, entries in fieldwork diaries, and interviews, and assuming the character of a reflexive ethnographic account, the article concerns personal and research challenges and opportunities experienced during the preparation and development of a research project and a PhD thesis. While reflecting more broadly on processes of knowledge production, history and colonial relations, and on the writing of a scientific account, it provides insights into the pragmatics of research in medical anthropology by detailing the everyday life of doing ethnography, including networking, bureaucratic processes, boredom, the exploration of new fieldwork landscapes, and positionality dilemmas.
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Horokhivskyi, Petro. "FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN KHRYSTYNIVKA REGION IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20s OF THE XX CENTURY (according to the local press)." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.1.2021.228722.
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The article reveals the attempt of the Bolshevik regime in the first half of the 20s of the last century to choose a new concept and model of education, to develop and implement educational reforms, in particular: attempts to replace the school with an orphanage, introduction of a comprehensive system, Dalton-Plan, American literacy methods and projects, brigade-laboratory method and others.It is noted that there was a search for solutions to theoretical and practical problems of education and social education of children in Ukraine.It is pointed out that the implementation of educational policy was complex and ambiguous, especially after Ukraineʼs accession to the USSR and changes in the socio-political situation in the country, which created hope for the construction of a new system of education.Objective and subjective difficulties in the implementation of educational reforms are as follows: reconstruction of the war-torn economy of Ukraine, economic crisis and economic reform, insufficient funding of secondary school, the principles of staffing schools, problems of their social composition, complex social-political life of Ukraine, ideology of the education system by the Soviet authorities, propaganda of the leadership of the People's Commissariat of Education, unwillingness of teachers and students to radical changes in the education system, etc.It is concluded that the ideas of pedocentrism, activity approach to teaching, project methods, research and others developed in the 1920s are actively used in the modern school.It is concluded that the ideas of pedocentrism, activity approach to teaching, project, research and other methods, developed in the 1920s are actively used in the modern school.
Keywords: school education, educational reforms, complex system, Dalton-Plan, American method of teaching literacy, project method, brigade-laboratory method.
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Ma, Guofeng, and Ming Wu. "A Big Data and FMEA-based construction quality risk evaluation model considering project schedule for Shanghai apartment projects." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 37, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-11-2018-0318.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to mine information on the construction process of previous projects to develop a construction plan that meets both quality requirements and schedule constraints. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a failure mode and effect analysis to evaluate the construction quality of 311 apartments in Shanghai. The authors also evaluate construction-scheduling control using the earned value management technique and implement an artificial neural network to correlate the results. The authors then develop a quality risk and schedule correlation model based on Big Data. The model can predict the relationship between the planned schedule and the project quality risk using multiple variables such as the number of layers, the schedule performance index and budget costs. Findings The methodology offers an innovative approach for assessment on the relationship between quality risk and project schedule. The authors have also built a multiple regression analysis model for comparative purposes with the model. The results show that the proposed model can better describe the relationship. The model can provide a quantitative quality risk value that changes with the planned schedule, as well as help project managers to understand the relationship between quality risk and project scheduling more accurately. Research limitations/implications The research approach only focuses on quality risk under the impact of scheduling. Future efforts might focus on developing a model that connects failure models with project schedules and costs in order to improve the effort of quality management. Practical implications The model based on Big Data in this paper is developed using real projects and reflects the relationship between project quality risk and scheduling in real environments. The created application provides support for project managers to develop and adjust quality plans and schedules, thereby reducing deviations in quality and scheduling objectives. Originality/value The authors make full use of historical project data from the perspective of both quality and schedule management, and provide a novel method to intelligently and objectively analyze the relationship between quality risk and scheduling.
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Fortin, Louis-Guillaume, Richard Turcotte, Stéphane Pugin, Jean-François Cyr, and François Picard. "Impact des changements climatiques sur les plans de gestion des lacs Saint-François et Aylmer au sud du Québec." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 934–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-030.
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This study presents the results of a pilot project, for the Saint-François and Aylmer lakes located in southern Quebec, aimed at developing a method to evaluate the adaptability of a current dam management plan to global climate changes. The hydrological simulations computed using available climate scenarios indicated modifications in annual water yields, from a 13% increase to a 30% decrease, and earlier spring floods. Peak flows, winter and summer low flows, and the level of increase in water yields vary depending on the studied climate scenario. The simulation of the current management plan shows that climate changes will affect the current trade-off between the various management objectives of the reservoirs. Adaptation solutions to the current management plan appeared to be feasible, but no unique solution applicable to all climate scenarios was found.Key words: climate change, dam, impacts, adaptation, hydrologic modeling, Quebec.
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Stanojević Gocić, Maja, and Goran Petković. "PROJECT-BASED LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND CHALLANGES." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 803–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij2803803m.
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The utilization of new and modern technology tools has changed the ways of learning and obtaining knowledge. Project-based learning (PBL) is a type of learning that encourages students to apply their knowledge for solving interdisciplinary problems. It is used as an approach to build students’ thinking competencies, as well as communication and collaboration skills. In addition, it can help teachers to create flexible teaching and learning environment based on applying technological tools for presenting materials, assessing quality of students’ project work, planning and managing project tasks, activities, and deadlines. Content development tools and assessment tools are beneficial for students and should be used in an effective manner. On the other side, time management tools can help teachers to design and plan the successful execution of project activities, or efficient use of classroom time. Collaboration tools enable teachers to be close to students throughout the project, and enable students to collaborate with each other in the same organization and beyond, with professionals and experts from the field of task management. Different types of content can be used for transferring and acquiring knowledge, such as interactive presentations, movies, spreadsheets, diagrams and social media. PBL web platforms can be used to publish and share materials with students, and help them to improve their capacities in solving problems and facing challenges. Teachers can define multi-step projects and teach students how to use project management tools, including strategies and standards. Students learn how to assess the quality of their work from their projects. Students’ projects and working on project tasks are presented, discussed and elaborated after their successful completion. Feedbacks can help both students and teachers to improve their future activities and the quality of their work, as well as their way of thinking about the problem. Public presentation of students’ work can demonstrate what students know and what they can do. Past project-based learning performances can help teachers to mange project activities, design and plan project tasks, and assess students’ attainments. Project-based learning allows students to develop creative freedom and innovative way of solving problems. Furthermore, students learn how to become effective team members and leaders that can complete complex project tasks. According to the results of this study, students are satisfied with project-based learning activities, and project-based tasks that can be integrated in study programmes.
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Moule, Pam, David Evans, and Katherine Pollard. "Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act model: Pacesetters experiences." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 26, no. 7 (August 23, 2013): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-09-2011-0053.
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Purpose – This article aims to analytically review the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) model used in the Pacesetters national programme evaluation. Design/methodology/approach – The evaluation team's two-fold role is outlined: supporting project teams to develop PDSA plans and collect evaluation data. Four case studies are used to show the PDSA model's application and effect in a participatory action learning approach. Despite limitations, it is clear that all four case studies illustrate the PDSA model's potential benefits in a participatory evaluation approach, which involves public and patients. Findings – The model's effectiveness is premised on several enabling factors such as: teams appreciating the model; a climate that values all learning and open to re-planning; engaging any external evaluators whose role is clearly communicated to all project stakeholders in a timely fashion. Practical implications – There are clear intentions to promote evidence-based commissioning in the UK that values patient and public involvement. The PDSA model has the potential to test and implement changes in real work-place settings and to involve the public in evaluation. Originality/value – Case study analysis identifies new reflections on the PDSA model's use to support innovative NHS practice development with public involvement in a participatory approach.
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Marick, Josephine. "HIV/AIDS Peer Education: A Rural Health Project." Journal of School Nursing 18, no. 1 (February 2002): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405020180010801.
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This article describes a program conducted by a group of adolescents in a rural western Nebraska high school that was designed to inform their peers about the risk of HIV/AIDS. The program was funded by state and county agencies. An AIDS Task Force composed of community health leaders developed the guidelines for the program. The Task Force met annually to plan for the coming year, implement changes, and evaluate the program. A community health nurse served as the coordinator of the program and also served as a rural school nurse. A group of students called peer helpers carried out the HIV/AIDS program. Peer helpers created an awareness of HIV/AIDS with dissemination of factual information and also served as a referral resource for their peers. A number of recommendations are provided for future implementation of programs designed to help adolescents develop a healthy lifestyle.
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Kageyama, Masa, Pascale Braconnot, Sandy P. Harrison, Alan M. Haywood, Johann H. Jungclaus, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Jean-Yves Peterschmitt, et al. "The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 1: Overview and over-arching analysis plan." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2018): 1033–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1033-2018.
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Abstract. This paper is the first of a series of four GMD papers on the PMIP4-CMIP6 experiments. Part 2 (Otto-Bliesner et al., 2017) gives details about the two PMIP4-CMIP6 interglacial experiments, Part 3 (Jungclaus et al., 2017) about the last millennium experiment, and Part 4 (Kageyama et al., 2017) about the Last Glacial Maximum experiment. The mid-Pliocene Warm Period experiment is part of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) – Phase 2, detailed in Haywood et al. (2016).The goal of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) is to understand the response of the climate system to different climate forcings for documented climatic states very different from the present and historical climates. Through comparison with observations of the environmental impact of these climate changes, or with climate reconstructions based on physical, chemical, or biological records, PMIP also addresses the issue of how well state-of-the-art numerical models simulate climate change. Climate models are usually developed using the present and historical climates as references, but climate projections show that future climates will lie well outside these conditions. Palaeoclimates very different from these reference states therefore provide stringent tests for state-of-the-art models and a way to assess whether their sensitivity to forcings is compatible with palaeoclimatic evidence. Simulations of five different periods have been designed to address the objectives of the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6): the millennium prior to the industrial epoch (CMIP6 name: past1000); the mid-Holocene, 6000 years ago (midHolocene); the Last Glacial Maximum, 21 000 years ago (lgm); the Last Interglacial, 127 000 years ago (lig127k); and the mid-Pliocene Warm Period, 3.2 million years ago (midPliocene-eoi400). These climatic periods are well documented by palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental records, with climate and environmental changes relevant for the study and projection of future climate changes. This paper describes the motivation for the choice of these periods and the design of the numerical experiments and database requests, with a focus on their novel features compared to the experiments performed in previous phases of PMIP and CMIP. It also outlines the analysis plan that takes advantage of the comparisons of the results across periods and across CMIP6 in collaboration with other MIPs.
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Su, Zhixiong, and Hanying Wei. "New Quantization Approach for the Anomaly: The Increase in Time Float following Consumption." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (September 4, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8069202.
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Anomalous scenarios in projects with generalized precedence relations (GPRs) have been arousing widely interest. A recent relevant discovery of anomaly under GPRs is that an activity’s time float increases following its consumption. The scenario is contrary to a common idea for plan management, and it also changes relationships between time floats and maximum prolongations of activity durations. Classic computations may be invalid to time parameters under GPRs. This study tests the fact that the current analysis on the anomaly has limitations so that it may provide improper guidelines for project scheduling and lead to undesirable effects. A new quantization algorithm is presented for the anomaly that overcomes the limitations of the current works. In particular, the algorithm confirms accurate time parameters and maximum duration prolongations of activities under constraints that retain project duration. The accuracy of quantization for the anomaly is particularly important for project scheduling with GPRs. Moreover, an application of the anomaly is developed in the resource-constrained project scheduling with activity splitting and GPRs, and an illustration is provided to test the fact that the new quantization result of the anomaly is an essential guarantee to achieve optimal solutions.
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Kharitonova, G. N. "NEW STAGE IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT “ECOLOGY” IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC ZONE." Север и рынок: формирование экономического порядка 70, no. 4/2020 (December 27, 2020): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2220-802x.4.2020.70.010.
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Implementation of the national project “Ecology” in the Russian Arctic zone in connection with the current strategic documents on carrying out the state policy in the Arctic until 2035 is analyzed. A special attention is paid to the state environmental management on the basis of the best available technologies and ensuring the balance of interests of economic entities operating facilities with a significant negative impact on the environment. Methodological and organizational inconsistencies in implementing the project with the conceptual provisions of the theory of transition to the best available technologies are considered. In connection with Russia's national development goals until 2030 in the field of environmental safety, the “Strategy of development of the Russian Arctic zone and ensuring national security for the period up to 2035” and the “National Action Plan, ensuring recovery of employment and population incomes, economic growth and long-term structural changes in the economy” measures and mechanisms to achieve a notable positive result in the implementation of the national project are justified and specified. The feasibility of the financial and organizational restructuring of the federal project “Introduction of the best available technologies” and the possibility of implementing its activities as part of other projects of the national project “Ecology” during the period until 2024 is argued.
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Theiner, Robert, and Jiří Brabec. "Albi II – a new generation development." MATEC Web of Conferences 304 (2019): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930401027.
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The UL-39 Albi university's all-composite ultralight aircraft project, powered by a piston engine and ducted fan, continues at the Department of Aerospace Engineering at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering CTU in Prague and its partners ZALL JIHLAVAN airplanes, s.r.o. and LA composite, s.r.o. by developing its new generation. The article is a follow-up to a contribution from 2017, where the entire genesis of the first prototype was described. The introduction summarizes the experience of the prototype operation and analyzes the deficiencies that required a major redesign of the propulsion unit. Aspects leading to the choice of another propulsion unit arrangement and changes in the ducted fan, airframe and systems are described. The fuselage of the airplane has undergone a dominant change. The paper describes not only structural changes leading to the reduction of the width of the fuselage and its wetted area, but also the changes in manufacturing process of composite parts leading to weight reduction. Following the changes in the fuselage design modifications of the wing (mainly high lift devices) and modification of the horizontal tail plane are described. At the end there is a plan of further development described, which should ultimately lead to the commercialization of the project.
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Meguro, Kimiro, and Gokon Hideomi. "Special Issue on SATREPS Myanmar Project: Construction of Myanmar Disaster Response Enhancement System and Industry-Academia-Government Cooperation Platform." Journal of Disaster Research 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2018.p0005.
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This special issue summarizes the main results of the first half of the five-year SATREPS project in Myanmar. SATREPS stands for “Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development” and it is supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). The title of our project is “Construction of Myanmar Disaster Response Enhancement System and Industry-Academia-Government Cooperation Platform.” Ours is the first SATREPS project in Myanmar and Yangon Technological University (YTU) is our main counterpart institute and relevant organizations mainly national and local governments are collaborating as strategic partners. In Myanmar, rural and urban development has been progressing rapidly and on a large scale, and the expansion of urban population coupled with climate change has increased the risk of disaster to a critical level, especially in Yangon, Myanmar’s largest city. By monitoring changes in the urban environment, such as the topography, ground, buildings, and infrastructure, we seek to lower the level of risk. Our project will improve the disaster management system, plan and response capability, based on an evaluation of disaster vulnerabilities. Considering floods including tidal wave problems and earthquakes as the target hazards, we aim to contribute to the development of precise regional development plans and disaster management measures by identifying disaster risks in advance, and we will support the Myanmar government in strengthening its disaster response capabilities. We plan to set up a system by which industry, academia, and the government collaborate to promote the understanding of research content, to continue research activities, and to implement research results in Myanmar. We hope that our activities in the SATREPS project will become an ideal model for solving issues in urban development and disaster management, and that the project will also contribute the other Asian countries.
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Famiyeh, Samuel, Charles Teye Amoatey, Ebenezer Adaku, and Collins Sena Agbenohevi. "Major causes of construction time and cost overruns." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 15, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-11-2015-0075.
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Purpose In Ghana, the duration of construction projects from inception to completion is becoming a great concern, recently, especially among clients and beneficiaries, because of the rising interest rates, inflation, development plan targets, among other factors. Hence the need to understand the causes of delays and cost overrun in the construction sector has become more important than ever. This study therefore aims to identify the major factors underlying time and cost overruns in projects related to the education sector in Ghana to proffer practical solutions in addressing them. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted a survey among clients’ consultants and representatives of the contractors working on about 60 government school projects. A relative importance index was used to determine the relative effects of the factors causing construction time and cost overruns. Findings The key factors causing construction time overrun were: financial problems, unrealistic contract durations imposed by clients, poorly defined project scope, client-initiated variations, under-estimation of project cost by consultants, poor inspection/supervision of projects by consultants. Other factors were underestimation of project complexity by contractors, poor site management, inappropriate construction methods used by contractors and delays in the issuance of permits by government agencies. Factors affecting cost overruns were financial difficulty by client, delays in payments of completed works, variations in designs, lack of communications plans, poor feasibility and project analysis, poor financial management on site and material price fluctuations. Research limitations/implications The research was limited to only the educational sector projects. Practical implications Practically, this study highlights for the construction sector the critical factors causing project time and cost overruns in Ghana. Identification of these factors provides the basis for pragmatic solutions to enhance the chances of project success. Social implications The identification and solutions to project time and cost overruns, especially for educational sector projects, contribute toward making public goods more affordable and accessible to most citizens, particularly in developing countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the debate on factors causing project time and cost overruns in the construction sector especially from a developing country’s perspective.
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Miller, Brian, and Hank Harlow. "Monitoring Selected Species of Mammals in Grand Teton National Park in 2000." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 24 (January 1, 2000): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2000.3417.
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Our objective is to establish a long-term monitoring project that will assess the abundance and densities of selected species of mammals at sites representing five defined vegetation types found in Grand Teton National Park. The term monitoring implies data collection over multiple years. Taking long term estimations of population composition before, during, and after biotic and abiotic changes provides needed information to assess the impacts of such changes and furnishes useful options for management decisions. This standardized monitoring plan will provide information on small and medium-sized mammals that will (1) assess species use of habitat, (2) monitor changes in species composition as a result of environmental change, such as precipitation and temperature, (3) produce predictive models of small and medium-sized mammal distribution based on vegetation type, and (4) analyze the impact of wolf colonization on the mammal (and plant) community.
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Miller, Brian, and Hank Harlow. "Monitoring Selected Species of Mammals in Grand Teton National Park in 2001." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 25 (January 1, 2001): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2001.3461.
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Our objective is to establish a long-term monitoring project that will assess the abundance and densities of selected species of mammals at sites representing five defined vegetation types found in Grand Teton National Park. The term monitoring implies data collection over multiple years. Taking long term estimations of population composition before, during, and after biotic and abiotic changes provides needed information to assess the impacts of such changes and furnish useful options for management decisions. This standardized monitoring plan will provide information on small and medium-sized mammals that will (1) assess species use of habitat, (2) monitor changes in species composition as a result of environmental change, such as precipitation and temperature, (3) produce predictive models of small and medium-sized mammal distribution based on vegetation type, and (4) analyze the impact of wolf colonization on the mammal (and plant) community.
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AMOUI, MEHDI, MAZEIAR SALEHIE, and LADAN TAHVILDARI. "TEMPORAL SOFTWARE CHANGE PREDICTION USING NEURAL NETWORKS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 19, no. 07 (November 2009): 995–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194009004489.
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Predicting changes in software entities (e.g. source files) that are more likely to change can help in the efficient allocation of the project resources. A powerful change prediction tool can improve maintenance and evolution tasks in software projects in terms of cost and time factors. The vast majority of research works have focused on determining "where" the most change-prone entities are, and "how" the change will be propagated through a system. This article suggests that knowing "when" changes are likely to happen can also provide another consideration for managers and developers to plan their maintenance activities more efficiently. To address this issue, a Neural Network-based Temporal Change Prediction (NNTCP) framework is proposed. This novel framework indicates "where" the changes are likely to happen (i.e. hot spots), and then adds the time dimension to predict "when" it may occur. In proving this concept, the NNTCP framework is applied in two large-scale open source software projects, Mozilla and Eclipse. The results obtained indicate NNTCP can predict the occurrence of several future revisions with reasonable performance.
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Dzyubyk, Andrij, Ihor Nazar, Liudmyla Dzyubyk, Ihor Mykhailinchyk, and Yurii Kulykovets. "Comprehensive approach to training specialists in the area of engineering education." Ukrainian journal of mechanical engineering and materials science 6, no. 1 (2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ujmems2020.01.039.
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The article outlines advantages of applying a comprehensive approach to training specialists in the area of engineering education. Modern approaches to project management in production are analyzed, using the known experience of the European countries and the world. The basic tools of project management that are applied at all stages of implementation of engineering projects are described. Based on the analysis of known project management techniques, it has been established that effective engineering project management is possible by way of involving future professionals in the stages from developing the project idea, goals and objectives to obtaining the desired results and achieving the set goals. It is important to motivate students to think critically and encourage teamwork on a project. In the present article, the authors suggest to consider the process of training specialists in civil and industrial engineering through the prism of the next four phases of the project. The first phase is to prepare the project with elements of structuring. It addresses the issues of the project goals, tasks and results, risk management, project documentation, budgeting, formation and management of the project team. The second phase is project management, which includes drafting a project structural plan (PSP) and work packages, scheduling task completion, resources and costs planning, cost estimation, and time management tools. The third phase is the implementation of the project with control and monitoring. Here, future specialists are working on issues of the project control, financial monitoring, monitoring of resources, communication and interaction between teams, conflict management, change management and keeping necessary documentation. Completion of the project is the fourth stage, which is an integral element of project management. It provides for financial and analytical reporting, documentation for retention of experience, knowledge management, certification and feedback to the project team. Based on teaching practice and considerable practical experience in industry, the authors found out that the process of pedagogical training of future competitive specialists in various areas of civil and industrial engineering should be accompanied by practical and theoretical materials on modern tools for a holistic and integrated approach to project management. At the same time, taking account of the dynamics of political and economic changes in Ukraine and integration with international standards, it is necessary to take a skilled approach to the issue of production change management in the project activity. The global experience reveals that only truly successful organizations anticipate and initiate changes. Thus, the organizations themselves, their goals, objectives and tools are undergoing changes. And the issue of change management itself is the subject for further research by the authors.
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Morozenko, Andrey. "Investment and construction project matrix as the basis of forming the highly effective organizational structure." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 04043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604043.
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The article covers the research results of the ways of forming the effective organizational structure for investment and construction project based on key events matrix. Current practice of investment and construction project development does not provide for project organizational structure detailed formation. Construction management plan (CMP) describes the organizational structure relatively and in general terms. Therefore, the customer confines himself only to development of staff’s schedule, and delegating the formation of organizational structure to the general contractor, what is moving the solution of this task to the construction site. A large number of participants form a spontaneous organizational structure, so the management of this structure becomes manual. This leads to the numerous adjustments to plans and construction schedules, as well as additions and changes in the technical documentation of the project. All this result in unstable work, unreasonable delays and, eventually, in quality deterioration, disruption of deadlines and rise in construction costs. This article describes the method of forming the highly effective investment and construction project’s organizational structure, which is based on the key events matrix that is the network functional model of project’s executive system. Its properties, transformation rules and the forming algorithm are described in details.
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Oyewobi, Luqman Oyekunle, Richard Jimoh, Bashir Olanrewaju Ganiyu, and Abdullateef Adewale Shittu. "Analysis of causes and impact of variation order on educational building projects." Journal of Facilities Management 14, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 139–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-01-2015-0001.
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Purpose Construction process is complex and traditionally fragmented; thus, it is almost impossible to have a project completed without changes to the original plan or the construction process. The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the causes of variation orders, ascertain their effects and establish the cost and time performance implication as a result of variation orders. Design/methodology/approach This study obtained information from 90 construction stakeholders on 30 completed educational building projects to ascertain the causes and effects of variation orders on project delivery using questionnaire survey. In addition to this, a pro forma document was designed to obtain the project characteristics, cost and time data from these 30 completed educational building projects. Factor analysis was used to categorise the causes of variation orders, while severity index was used to examine their effects on project delivery. The hypothesised statement was tested using paired t-statistics to examine whether a statistically significant difference existed between variation orders, cost and time performance of the projects. Findings The study identified 13 main factors as causes of variation orders and the results revealed that the most frequent effects of variations were increase in construction costs, time, client dissatisfaction, increase construction project rework and demolition and project abandonment. The results also showed that variation orders had significant effects on both cost and scheduled performance of the educational building projects with average cost and time escalation of 33.95 and 29.45 per cent of the original project cost and time, respectively, for the entire projects studied, while average cost implication of variation orders is 23.79 per cent. Practical implications The findings in this study will be of assistance to government agencies and management of public works in higher institutions of learning in managing variations in construction projects. The study will also add to the current literature on the impact of variation orders on educational building projects in developing countries. Finally, it will create the much-needed awareness on the severity and implication of change or variation orders on project delivery. Originality/value The study identified and examined the causes of variation orders, ascertained their effects and established the cost and time effects of the causes of variation order on project performance. This will assist project initiators, contractors, consultants and other stakeholders to fully appreciate and understand the significant effects of variation orders on project performance.
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Sackey, Enoch, and Julius Akotia. "Spanning the multilevel boundaries of construction organisations." Construction Innovation 17, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-09-2016-0047.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the interdependent boundary-spanning activities that characterise the level of permeability of knowledge, information flow and learning among construction supply chains involved in the delivery of building information modelling (BIM)-compliant construction projects. Construction projects are mobilised through a number of interdependent processes and multi-functional activities by different practitioners with myriad specialised skills. Many of the difficulties that manifest in construction projects can be attributed to the fragmented work activities and inter-disciplinary nature of project teams. This is nevertheless becoming ever more pertinent with the rise of technology deployment in construction organisations. Design/methodology/approach The study combined experts’ sampling interviews and a case study research method to help offer better insights into the kind of emerging multilevel boundary practices as influenced by the rapidly evolving construction technological solutions. The experts’ sampling helped inform better understanding by unravelling the key changes in contemporary boundary configurations and related boundary-spanning practices within technology-mediated construction project settings. The case study also helped to establish the manifestation of best practices for managing multilevel boundaries in BIM-enabled construction project organisations. Findings The study has revealed that different generic organisational BIM strategies as developed in specialised boundaries are reconfigured as appropriate at the project level to produce project-specific BIM execution plan (BXP). The outcome of project BXP is dependent on the project organisational teams that cooperate in creating new solutions and on conceding space for negotiations and compromises which conflicting interests at the project level can find to be both desirable and feasible. The implementation effort is therefore contingent on mutual translation in which different actors with different insights instigate their practice through negotiation and persuasion which eventually are reinforced by contractual agreements and obligations. Originality/value The paper has presented a novel and well-timed empirical insight into BIM-enabled project delivery and best practices that span multilevel boundaries of construction organisations.
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Luthan, Putri Lynna Adelinna, Nathanael Sitanggang, Abdul Hamid, and Bambang Hadibroto. "Use of the bar chart/S-curve and computerized precedence diagram method on scheduling and controlling building construction projects by contractors: a cross-sectional study." F1000Research 10 (April 12, 2021): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51646.1.
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Background: Building construction projects have very complex activities, so they require precise and accurate methods of scheduling and control. Using the right method, the project executor can carry out the project according to plan and any schedule deviations can be controlled effectively. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of using the bar chart/S-curve and computerized precedence diagram method (PDM) on scheduling and controlling building construction projects. Methods: The use of the two methods and their effectiveness during project work were analysed using a survey directed to building construction workers. Results: A total of 50 workers completed the survey. The use of PDM (using Microsoft Project) was significantly more effective than the bar chart/S-curve method in scheduling building construction projects (t count 15.516> t table 2.660) and controlling building construction projects (t count 17.233> t table 2.660). In addition, PDM was associated with allowing the project to find the critical path more quickly, overcoming project delays more effectively. Conclusions: By using PDM, a on a building construction project’s schedule for the implementation of the work can be changed immediately, if there is a delay or deviation of work. The findings of this study are useful for construction service companies and the development of construction management science in civil engineering study programs.