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Academic literature on the topic 'Changements climatiques – Guinée, Golfe de'
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Journal articles on the topic "Changements climatiques – Guinée, Golfe de"
Nourou, Mohammadou, and Bybert Moudjare Helgath. "Vulnérabilité aux changements climatiques et croissance économique dans les pays du Golfe de Guinée : Preuve à l’aide du modèle de variables instrumentales à longue période." International Journal of Financial Studies, Economics and Management 1, no. 3 (November 25, 2022): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.61549/ijfsem.v1i3.58.
Full textGendreau, Yanick, Audrey Lachance, Marylène Ricard, Hélène Gilbert, Nicolas Casajus, and Dominique Berteaux. "Changements climatiques : défis et perspectives pour les plantes vasculaires en situation précaire au Québec." Botanique 142, no. 1 (November 22, 2017): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042011ar.
Full textCisse, Mohamed, Hamidou Bah, and Sara Bailo Diallo. "Influence de la densité d’arbres sur le rendement de trois variétés de riz de coteau dans la Commune Rurale de Tindo en République de Guinée." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 7 (February 22, 2024): 2794–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.16.
Full textBernatchez, Pascal, and Jean-Marie M. Dubois. "Bilan des connaissances de la dynamique de l’érosion des côtes du Québec maritime laurentien." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 58, no. 1 (June 26, 2006): 45–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013110ar.
Full textSavard, Michel. "L’anax précoce au Québec : une libellule migratrice." Entomologie 138, no. 1 (January 6, 2014): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021040ar.
Full textQueffelec, Betty. "L'intégration des changements climatiques dans les politiques publiques locales : Le cas du golfe du Morbihan." VertigO, Hors série 6 (November 9, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/vertigo.9015.
Full textGagné, Karine. "Climat." Anthropen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.110.
Full textSimard, Yvan. "Le Parc Marin Saguenay–Saint-Laurent : processus océanographiques à la base de ce site unique d’alimentation des baleines du Nord-Ouest Atlantique." 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037481ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Changements climatiques – Guinée, Golfe de"
Sy, Souleymane. "Impact du changement d'occupation des sols passé et à venir sur la dynamique de la circulation de la mousson ouest africaine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066208.pdf.
Full textBy climate models developed in the LUCID project and CMIP5 models used in the LUCID-CMIP5 projet, this thesis aims to identify and evaluate biogeophysical impacts of LULCC of the past 150 years and the end of XXIst century on surface climate in West Africa. Focusing analysis in two contrasted regions of West Africa: Sahel and Guinea where land cover change is above 5% since pre-industrial times, results reveal expansion of crops and pasture and deforestation in Guinea in all LUCID models. In this work, simulations of present-day rainfall and surface air temperature have been compared with observed datasets. Results show that the observed mean and inter-annual variability of rainfall are respectively underestimated and overestimated by most of the seven climate models. Overall surface air temperature is better simulated than precipitation.Two simulations of rainfall and surface air temperature, forced respectively with present-day and pre-industrial land cover distribution are also compared. Results show that there is no obvious/visible difference between the two simulations with respect to mean climatic values of both rainfall and temperature as if the changes in land cover did not really matter for the good representation of those variables. Finally, this thesis evaluates leaf area index (LAI) in the LUCID models and its relationships with surface climate. Observations reveal that precipitation is highly and positively correlated to foliage density with values larger or equal to 0.8 in both the Sahel and Guinea. Five out of seven models show positive correlations, but not as large as in the observations. However none of the models is able to capture a larger correlation between precipitation and LAI in Guinea than in the Sahel. Most of climate models show that correlation between LAI and surface air temperature is positive in the Sahel and negative in Guinea. It suggests that more LAI in Guinea will lead to more evapotranspiration and therefore cooler surface, while in the Sahel the albedo effect of increased LAI may dominate and increase surface temperature. Finally, analysis reveals that historical effects of land-use changes are not regionally significant among the seven climate models due to a small land-cover change prescribed in these regions compared to the changes induced by large scale forcing such as sea surface temperatures changes and CO2 concentration increase.Furthermore, biogeophysical impact of land-use change in the XXIst Century climate were evaluated using specific simulations similar to RCP8.5 scenarios but with a prescribed fixed land cover map on 2006. The analysis reveals, that in contrast of last 150 years, deforestation continues in the coming years in tropical region in scenarios resulting from the extension of the cultivated area reaching 15 million km2 in 2100 over tropical Africa. Regionally, the biogeophysical impacts of projected changes in land cover in RCP8.5 scenarios were generally small but statistically significant in the Sahel and Central Africa regions where deforestation is more than 10% with a wide dispersion of climate response due to differents parameterizations of land surface in climate models
Da-Allada, Casimir Yélognissè. "La salinité de la couche de surface océanique dans l'océan atlantique tropical : variabilités saisonnière à interannuelle." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2150/.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the variability of the ocean sea surface salinity (SSS) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, at seasonal and interannual time scales. To achieve this, we used in-situ and satellite data as well as results of ocean models. We have shown that the density and the quality of the available observations allows us to approach the salinity balance in the mixed-layer in the whole tropical Atlantic basin and mixed-layer salinity balance is more sensitive to currents than to freshwater flux. We investigate the main mechanisms which modulate the variability of the SSS in the tropical Atlantic and especially in the Gulf of Guinea. In the western and north-eastern tropical Atlantic Ocean, the seasonal variability of SSS is controlled by advection and freshwater flux whereas, in the central basin, the salinity balance is mostly due to freshwater flux. In the Gulf of Guinea, freshwater flux does not play a key role as in previous regions and the seasonal cycle of SSS is a balance between the vertical processes (advection and diffusion) that increase SSS and the horizontal advection which decrease the SSS. We focus our analysis of SSS interannual variability in the Gulf of Guinea. Results indicate that in the northern region and in the equatorial region, SSS changes are due to changes in precipitations and evaporation and changes in oceanic processes (advection and vertical diffusion) while in the southern Gulf of Guinea only oceanic process changes can explain SSS anomalies. We noted an SSS increase in the northeastern Gulf of Guinea during the period 2002-2009. We argue that it is due mainly to decrease precipitation in this region. Finally, we also showed that the effect of the runoff is to amplify the signal of SSS and can impact the mixed layer depth, the surface currents and the sea surface temperature
Coussin, Vincent. "Gradients climatiques continentaux et hydrologiques au cours de l'Holocène dans la marge Algérienne au Golfe du Lion : approche multi-proxies : palynologie, sédimentologie, biomarqueurs moléculaires et reconstructions climatiques." Thesis, Brest, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BRES0103.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work is to understand the mechanisms and regional responses of climate variability during the last deglaciation and the Holocene in the western Mediterranean Basin. Mediterranean environments are particularly vulnerable to climate hazards and anthropogenic pressure. The aim is to discuss natural and anthropogenic forcing from marine and continental palaeoenvironmental signals covering the last 14,000 years. To this end, two sedimentary sequences (Algerian Margin and Gulf of Lion) were the subject of multiproxy studies mainly based on palynological studies (pollen, dinoflagellate cysts and non-pollen palynomorphs), associated with sedimentological studies (MSCL, XRF, XRD), isotopic studies, molecular biomarkers (alkenones and n-alkanes) as well as climatic and hydrological quantifications. The cross-analysis of these signals, acquired with an average resolution of 150 years over the Holocene and 30 years over the extreme event of the 4.2 ka BP, has allowed us to discuss ocean-atmosphere-continental surface interactions, questioning the evolution of the marine and continental biospheres during the Holocene These palaeoenvironmental studies are based on the study of dinocyst and pollen assemblages reconstructed in the modem sediments of the two study areas. In summary, this work has revealed strong regional disparities at the orbital and infra-orbital scales along west-east and north-south transects. The growing impact of human societies, linked to an increasingly marked opening of the landscape, is discussed on the Algerian margin since 5000 years BP, and in the Gulf of Lion over the last 1000 years BP, with a stronger transmission of anthropisation markers on the shelf from the establishment of modem hydrographic conditions at around 3000 years BP
Jouët, Gwenaël. "Enregistrements stratigraphiques des cycles climatiques et glacio-eustatiques du Quaternaire terminal : modélisations de la marge continentale du Golfe du Lion." Brest, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260930.
Full textEarth’s climate oscillated during the Late Quaternary and these variations influenced sedimentary records worldwide. However, the associated changes of global sea-level and of environmental factors are not precisely documented, neither are their stratigraphic signatures. The extensive geophysical and sedimentological investigations carried out in the Gulf of Lions (Western Mediterranean) since the 90’s allow us to explore the expanded sedimentary records preserved on this continental margin during the Late Quaternary. The combination of high sediment supply and significant subsidence favoured an almost continuous record, at the shelf edge, of sedimentary sequences linked to 100 kyr glacio-eustatic and climatic cycles. The Gulf of Lions is therefore an ideal area for calibration of climatic and sea-level variations from the continental margin architecture. First interpreted from seismic data, these sequences have been sampled and analysed by the EC-funded “Promess 1” drilling operation. This high resolution record of the last ca. 500 kyr provides a new detailed litho- and chrono-stratigraphic framework. It allows a revised high-resolution, tri-dimensional sequence stratigraphic analysis of the margin. It also reveals, from an ultra-high resolution multi-proxy analysis of the last glacial cycle (~130 kyr), the stratigraphic and sedimentary imprints of millennium-scale climatic events such as Heinrich events and the cooling Bond cycles. Finally, the quantitative numerical modelling of the last deglacial period evidences the influence of a very high sediment flux and co pulses of sea-level rises (driven by rapid climatic events) on the architecture of the deltaic system
Sy, Souleymane. "Impact du changement d'occupation des sols passé et à venir sur la dynamique de la circulation de la mousson ouest africaine." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066208/document.
Full textBy climate models developed in the LUCID project and CMIP5 models used in the LUCID-CMIP5 projet, this thesis aims to identify and evaluate biogeophysical impacts of LULCC of the past 150 years and the end of XXIst century on surface climate in West Africa. Focusing analysis in two contrasted regions of West Africa: Sahel and Guinea where land cover change is above 5% since pre-industrial times, results reveal expansion of crops and pasture and deforestation in Guinea in all LUCID models. In this work, simulations of present-day rainfall and surface air temperature have been compared with observed datasets. Results show that the observed mean and inter-annual variability of rainfall are respectively underestimated and overestimated by most of the seven climate models. Overall surface air temperature is better simulated than precipitation.Two simulations of rainfall and surface air temperature, forced respectively with present-day and pre-industrial land cover distribution are also compared. Results show that there is no obvious/visible difference between the two simulations with respect to mean climatic values of both rainfall and temperature as if the changes in land cover did not really matter for the good representation of those variables. Finally, this thesis evaluates leaf area index (LAI) in the LUCID models and its relationships with surface climate. Observations reveal that precipitation is highly and positively correlated to foliage density with values larger or equal to 0.8 in both the Sahel and Guinea. Five out of seven models show positive correlations, but not as large as in the observations. However none of the models is able to capture a larger correlation between precipitation and LAI in Guinea than in the Sahel. Most of climate models show that correlation between LAI and surface air temperature is positive in the Sahel and negative in Guinea. It suggests that more LAI in Guinea will lead to more evapotranspiration and therefore cooler surface, while in the Sahel the albedo effect of increased LAI may dominate and increase surface temperature. Finally, analysis reveals that historical effects of land-use changes are not regionally significant among the seven climate models due to a small land-cover change prescribed in these regions compared to the changes induced by large scale forcing such as sea surface temperatures changes and CO2 concentration increase.Furthermore, biogeophysical impact of land-use change in the XXIst Century climate were evaluated using specific simulations similar to RCP8.5 scenarios but with a prescribed fixed land cover map on 2006. The analysis reveals, that in contrast of last 150 years, deforestation continues in the coming years in tropical region in scenarios resulting from the extension of the cultivated area reaching 15 million km2 in 2100 over tropical Africa. Regionally, the biogeophysical impacts of projected changes in land cover in RCP8.5 scenarios were generally small but statistically significant in the Sahel and Central Africa regions where deforestation is more than 10% with a wide dispersion of climate response due to differents parameterizations of land surface in climate models