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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide"

1

Mushahid, Husain, and Raman Swati. "Chalcogenide Glass Optical Waveguides for Optical Communication." Advanced Materials Research 679 (April 2013): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.679.41.

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The present research work is focused on fabricating the chalcogenide glass optical waveguides keeping in mind their application in optical communication. The propagation loss of the waveguides is also studied at three different wavelengths. The waveguides were fabricated by dry etching using ECR Plasma etching and the propagation loss is studied using Fabry-Perot technique. The waveguides having loss as low as 0.35 dB/cm at 1.3m is achieved. The technique used to fabricate waveguide is simple and cost effective.

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2

Luo, Ye, Chunlei Sun, Hui Ma, Maoliang Wei, Jialing Jian, Chuyu Zhong, Junying Li, et al. "Interlayer Slope Waveguide Coupler for Multilayer Chalcogenide Photonics." Photonics 9, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020094.

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The interlayer coupler is one of the critical building blocks for optical interconnect based on multilayer photonic integration to realize light coupling between stacked optical waveguides. However, commonly used coupling strategies, such as evanescent field coupling, usually require a close distance, which could cause undesired interlayer crosstalk. This work presents a novel interlayer slope waveguide coupler based on a multilayer chalcogenide glass photonic platform, enabling light to be directly guided from one layer to another with a large interlayer gap (1 µm), a small footprint (6 × 1 × 0.8 µm3), low propagation loss (0.2 dB at 1520 nm), low device processing temperature, and a high bandwidth, similar to that in a straight waveguide. The proposed interlayer slope waveguide coupler could further promote the development of advanced multilayer integration in 3D optical communications systems.

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Chen Yu, 陈昱, 沈祥 Shen Xiang, 徐铁峰 Xu Tiefeng, 张巍 Zhang Wei, 陈芬 Chen Fen, 李军 Li Jun, 宋宝安 Song Bao′an, 戴世勋 Dai Shixun, 聂秋华 Nie Qiuhua, and 王占山 Wang Zhanshan. "Research Progress of Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 48, no. 11 (2011): 111301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop48.111301.

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4

Balan, V., C. Vigreux, A. Pradel, A. Llobera, C. Dominguez, M. I. Alonso, and M. Garriga. "Chalcogenide glass-based rib ARROW waveguide." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 326-327 (October 2003): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(03)00452-6.

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Mairaj, A. K., A. Fu, H. N. Rutt, and D. W. Hewak. "Optical channel waveguide in chalcogenide (Ga:La:S) glass." Electronics Letters 37, no. 19 (2001): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20010803.

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6

Lin, Hongtao, Chul Soo Kim, Lan Li, Mijin Kim, William W. Bewley, Charles D. Merritt, Chadwick L. Canedy, et al. "Monolithic chalcogenide glass waveguide integrated interband cascaded laser." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 9 (August 5, 2021): 2869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.435061.

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7

Cao, Lixiao, Yao Zhou, Jianxing Zhao, Hongfei Song, and Jianhong Zhou. "Effect of Ag Doping on Photobleaching in Ge28Sb12Se60 Chalcogenide Films." Coatings 12, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 1760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111760.

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Chalcogenide glass is an optical material with excellent mid-infrared and far-infrared penetration properties. The silver-doped Ge28Sb12Se60 (GSS) chalcogenide films in this paper were deposited on a glass substrate by the co-evaporation technique. A continuous laser with different power outputs was then used to scan the glass material at a constant speed, and the photobleaching (PB) effects were observed using optical microscopy. The results show that silver doping can speed up the PB of GSS film only under high-power laser irradiation. While silver doping helps to speed up the PB effect, it also increases the risk of film damage. This study is beneficial in the development of embedded optical waveguide structures.

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Deckoff-Jones, Skylar, Hongtao Lin, Derek Kita, Hanyu Zheng, Duanhui Li, Wei Zhang, and Juejun Hu. "Chalcogenide glass waveguide-integrated black phosphorus mid-infrared photodetectors." Journal of Optics 20, no. 4 (February 27, 2018): 044004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/aaadc5.

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Wang Xianwang, 王贤旺, 张巍 Zhang Wei, 章亮 Zhang Liang, 李军建 Li Junjian, and 徐铁峰 Xu Tiefeng. "Research Progress of Fabrication of Chalcogenide Glass Photonic Crystal Waveguide." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 50, no. 12 (2013): 120001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop50.120001.

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Han, Z., V. Singh, D. Kita, C. Monmeyran, P. Becla, P. Su, J. Li, et al. "On-chip chalcogenide glass waveguide-integrated mid-infrared PbTe detectors." Applied Physics Letters 109, no. 7 (August 15, 2016): 071111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4961532.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide"

1

Hoffman, Galen Brandt. "Direct Write of Chalcogenide Glass Integrated Optics Using Electron Beams." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322494007.

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Rivers, Paul Edmund. "Pulsed laser deposition of chalcogenide glass materials for potential waveguide laser applications." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/15493/.

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There are many applications for small scale, solid state lasers in the near infrared, where conversely there are very few such devices. A lasing device in a rare earth doped gallium-lanthanum-sulphide thin film is attractive due to emission at wavelengths in the 2 to 5 µm region where many gasses and liquids have fundamental vibrations and overtones and so are detectable. This region also covers the 3 to 5 µm atmospheric 'windows'. Some examples of such detection is presented in this thesis. Using Pulsed Laser Deposition, a relatively new deposition technique, we are able to grow thin films of the chalcogenide glass; gallium-lanthanum-sulphide, gallium-sodium-sulphide and variations of oxysulphides, on a variety of substrates. EXAFS measurements have shown that some of the elements in the glass structure change their bonding arrangement when grown at different energy density producing 'wrong bonds'. This points to the origin of the increased absorption and shift of the optical bandgap which is seen in the materials. It is this tail absorption which ultimately prevented the production of an actual solid state, rare earth laser device. These amorphous semiconductors have a transmission range from the visible through to the mid infrared part of the spectrum. Chalcogenides can be photomodified. i.e. they have an ability to change refractive index when illuminated with photons whose energies lie in the optical bandgap of the material. This process can be reversible or irreversible depending on post deposition treatment and so gives them potential applications such as optical memory, holographic recording media, lithographically written waveguide structures and potentially laser mediums. For such uses a detailed knowledge of the chalcogenide materials optical parameters is needed. A novel technique for the optical characterisation of the thin films has been developed which has is able to measure differences in refractive index to an accuracy of 8.5 x 105. We are able to map refractive index changes across an entire surface and more uniquely whilst they are occurring during, and after, photomodification or heating.

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Lopez, Cedric. "EVALUATION OF THE PHOTO-INDUCED STRUCTURAL MECHANISMS IN CHALCOGENIDE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3088.

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Chalcogenide glasses and their use in a wide range of optical, electronic and memory applications, has created a need for a more thorough understanding of material property variation as a function of composition and in geometries representative of actual devices. This study evaluates compositional dependencies and photo-induced structural mechanisms in As-S-Se chalcogenide glasses. An effective fabrication method for the reproducible processing of bulk chalcogenide materials has been demonstrated and an array of tools developed, for the systematic characterization of the resulting material's physical and optical properties. The influence of compositional variation on the physical properties of 13 glasses within the As-S-Se system has been established. Key structural and optical differences have been observed and quantified between bulk glasses and their corresponding as-deposited films. The importance of annealing and aging of the film material and the impact on photosentivity and long term behavior important to subsequent device stability have been evaluated. Photo-induced structures have been created in the thin films using bandgap cw and sub-bandgap femtosecond laser sources and the exposure conditions and their influence on the post-exposure material properties, have been found to have different limitations and driving mechanisms. These mechanisms largely depend on both structural and/or electronic defects, whether initially present in the chalcogenide material or created upon exposure. These defect processes, largely studied previously in individual binary material systems, have now been shown to be consistently present, but varying in extent, across the ternary glass compositions and exposure conditions examined. We thus establish the varying photo-response of these defects as being the major reason for the optical variations observed. Nonlinear optical material properties, as related to the multiphoton processes used in our exposure studies, have been modeled and a tentative explanation for their variation in the context of composition and method of evaluation is presented.
Ph.D.
Other
Optics and Photonics
Optics

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4

Arunbabu, A. V. "Optical, Structural and Mechanical Characterization of Ultrafast Laser Inscribed Chalcogenide Waveguides." Thesis, 2017. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4220.

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In recent years, chalcogenide glasses have established their usefulness as attractive candidates for the fabrication of all-optical devices and mid infra-red lasers. These glasses possess low phonon energy and hence high luminescence quantum efficiency, which make them suitable for fabricating active photonic devices. Further, chalcogenide glasses exhibit a variety of photo-induced phenomena upon irradiation with energies above band gap under suitable conditions; the energy deposited at the focal point creates a localized refractive index change which can be used to fabricate a dielectric channel waveguide by translating the material through the laser focus. In this thesis work, different chalcogenide glasses have been prepared by melt quenching technique and their response to irradiation with ultrafast laser pulses has been studied. Photosensitivity studies undertaken have shown that the shape and magnitude of the index profile strongly vary with irradiation conditions. An optimal waveguide by ULI is the result of the successful interplay of a variety of inscription parameters that depend on the inscription laser, steering & focusing optics, translational stage parameters and the material under study. Thus, the waveguide properties can be tailored by optimizing these inscription parameters. The optical characterization of ultrafast laser inscribed, single-scan, as well as multi-scan waveguides, has been carried out at 1550 nm. The multi-scan technique reduces the number of scattering and absorbing defects induced in the modified material by the inscription process, hence reducing the optical losses. Mechanical and structural characterization has been carried out on ultrafast laser inscribed waveguides by nanoindentation and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Nanoindentation studies on single-scan waveguides show a position dependent mechanical behavior in the photo-modified region. At the laser focus, the photo-modified region exhibits same mechanical properties as those of bulk glass. This observation indicates that the material is getting quenched during re-solidification after waveguide inscription. At top of the waveguide, which is away from the focus, the elastic modulus and hardness are reported to be lower than bulk indicating the material is getting annealed at this region. This position dependent mechanical behaviour is correlated with the structural changes using micro-Raman studies. Nanoindentation studies undertaken on multi-scan waveguides reveal lower elastic modulus and hardness values compared to the bulk glass. The lower pulse energy and longer thermal accumulation during multiple passes cause annealing in the photo-modified region. Micro-Raman studies show a decrease in network connectivity in the photo-modified region resulting in lower mechanical properties. The change in mechanical properties in the photo-modified region is found to be greatly influenced by the net-fluence used for waveguide fabrication. The waveguides fabricated at different net-fluence show different local structures as a result of different rates of localized heating/cooling, which determine bond order and the local structure in a glassy network.

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5

Sabapathy, Tamilarasan. "Ultrafast Laser Inscribed Waveguides on Chalcogenide Glasses for Photonic Applications." Thesis, 2013. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2845.

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Chalcogenide glasses are highly nonlinear optical materials which can be used for fabricating active and passive photonic devices. This thesis work deals with the fabrication of buried, three dimensional, channel waveguides in chalcogenide glasses, using ultrafast laser inscription technique. The femtosecond laser pulses are focused into rare earth ions doped and undoped chalcogenide glasses, few hundred microns below from the surface to modify the physical properties such as refractive index, density, etc. These changes are made use in the fabrication of active and passive photonic waveguides which have applications in integrated optics. The first chapter provides an introduction to the fundamental aspects of femtosecond laser inscription, laser interaction with matter and chalcogenide glasses for photonic applications. The advantages and applications of chalcogenide glasses are also described. Motivation and overview of the present thesis work have been discussed at the end. The methods of chalcogenide glass preparation, waveguide fabrication and characterization of the glasses investigated are described in the second chapter. Also, the details of the experiments undertaken, namely, loss (passive insertion loss) and gain measurements (active) and nanoindentation studies are outlined. Chapter three presents a study on the effect of net fluence on waveguide formation. A heat diffusion model has been used to solve the waveguide cross-section. The waveguide formation in GeGaS chalcogenide glasses using the ultrafast laser, has been analyzed in the light of a finite element thermal diffusion model. The relation between the net fluence and waveguide cross section diameter has been verified using the experimentally measured properties and theoretically predicted values. Chapter four presents a study on waveguide fabrication on Er doped Chalcogenide glass. The active and passive characterization is done and the optimal waveguide fabrication parameters are given, along with gain properties for Er doped GeGaS glass. A C-band waveguide amplifier has been demonstrated on Chalcogenide glasses using ultrafast laser inscription technique. A study on the mechanical properties of the waveguide, undertaken using the nanoindentation technique, is presented in the fifth chapter. This work brings out the close relation between the change in mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and hardness of the material under the irradiation of ultrafast laser after the waveguide formation. Also, a threshold value of the modulus and hardness for characterizing the modes of the waveguide is suggested. Finally, the chapter six provides a summary of work undertaken and also discusses the future work to be carried out.

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6

Sabapathy, Tamilarasan. "Ultrafast Laser Inscribed Waveguides on Chalcogenide Glasses for Photonic Applications." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/2845.

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Abstract:

Chalcogenide glasses are highly nonlinear optical materials which can be used for fabricating active and passive photonic devices. This thesis work deals with the fabrication of buried, three dimensional, channel waveguides in chalcogenide glasses, using ultrafast laser inscription technique. The femtosecond laser pulses are focused into rare earth ions doped and undoped chalcogenide glasses, few hundred microns below from the surface to modify the physical properties such as refractive index, density, etc. These changes are made use in the fabrication of active and passive photonic waveguides which have applications in integrated optics. The first chapter provides an introduction to the fundamental aspects of femtosecond laser inscription, laser interaction with matter and chalcogenide glasses for photonic applications. The advantages and applications of chalcogenide glasses are also described. Motivation and overview of the present thesis work have been discussed at the end. The methods of chalcogenide glass preparation, waveguide fabrication and characterization of the glasses investigated are described in the second chapter. Also, the details of the experiments undertaken, namely, loss (passive insertion loss) and gain measurements (active) and nanoindentation studies are outlined. Chapter three presents a study on the effect of net fluence on waveguide formation. A heat diffusion model has been used to solve the waveguide cross-section. The waveguide formation in GeGaS chalcogenide glasses using the ultrafast laser, has been analyzed in the light of a finite element thermal diffusion model. The relation between the net fluence and waveguide cross section diameter has been verified using the experimentally measured properties and theoretically predicted values. Chapter four presents a study on waveguide fabrication on Er doped Chalcogenide glass. The active and passive characterization is done and the optimal waveguide fabrication parameters are given, along with gain properties for Er doped GeGaS glass. A C-band waveguide amplifier has been demonstrated on Chalcogenide glasses using ultrafast laser inscription technique. A study on the mechanical properties of the waveguide, undertaken using the nanoindentation technique, is presented in the fifth chapter. This work brings out the close relation between the change in mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and hardness of the material under the irradiation of ultrafast laser after the waveguide formation. Also, a threshold value of the modulus and hardness for characterizing the modes of the waveguide is suggested. Finally, the chapter six provides a summary of work undertaken and also discusses the future work to be carried out.

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7

Xia, Xin. "Arsenic Trisulfide on Lithium Niobate Devices for Infrared Integrated Optics." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9362.

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Arsenic trisulfide (As₂S₃) waveguide devices on lithium niobate substrates (LiNbO₃) provide a set of compact and versatile means for guiding and manipulating optical modes in infrared integrated optical circuits, including the integrated trace gas detection system. As a member of the chalcogenide glass family, As₂S₃ has many properties superior to other materials, such as high transparency up to 10 [mu]m, large refractive index and high nonlinear coefficient. At the wavelength of 4.8[mu]m, low-loss As₂S₃ waveguides are achieved: The propagation loss is 0.33 dB/cm; the coupling efficiency is estimated to be 81 %; and less than 3 dB loss is measured for a 90-degree bent waveguide of 250 [mu]m bending radius. They offer an ideal solution to the optical interconnection -- the fundamental element of an optical circuit. LiNbO₃ is a birefringent crystal that has long been studied as the substrate material. Titanium diffused waveguides in lithium niobate substrate (Ti: LiNbO₃) have excellent electro-optical properties, based on which, on-chip polarization converters are demonstrated. New benefits can be obtained by integrating As₂S₃ and Ti: LiNbO₃ to form a hybrid waveguide, which benefits from the high index contrast of As₂S₃ and the electro-optical properties of Ti: LiNbO₃ as well as its easy connection with commercial single mode fibers. For hybrid waveguides, the mode coupling is key. A taper coupler is preferred owing to its simplicity in design and fabrication. Although preliminary experiments have shown the feasibility of such integration, the underlying mechanism is not well understood and guidelines for design are lacking. Therefore, a simulation method is first developed and then applied to the taper coupler design. Devices based on taper couplers are then fabricated and characterized. The study reveals that in the presence of mode beating, it is not necessarily the longer taper that is the better coupling. There exists an optimum length for a taper with fixed width variation. A two-stage taper design can largely reduce the total length, e. g. by 64%, while keeping the coupling efficiency above 90%. According to the frequency domain analysis, these practical taper couplers work for a wavelength range instead of a single wavelength.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide"

1

Shemesh, K., Yu Kaganovskii, and M. Rosenbluh. "Fabrication of Channel Waveguides in Chalcogenide Glass Films by a Focused Laser Beam." In Planar Waveguides and other Confined Geometries, 111–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1179-0_5.

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2

Bledt, Carlos M., Daniel V. Kopp, and James A. Harrington. "Dielectric II-VI and IV-VI Metal Chalcogenide Thin Films in Silver Coated Hollow Glass Waveguides (HGWS) for Infrared Spectroscopy and Laser Delivery." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 1–12. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118511350.ch1.

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3

Pant, R., and B. J. Eggleton. "Chalcogenide glass waveguide devices for all-optical signal processing." In Chalcogenide Glasses, 438–70. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857093561.2.438.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide"

1

Xia, Xin, Mehmet Solmaz, Hyunsoo Park, Xing Cheng, and Christi K. Madsen. "Optical waveguide gratings in chalcogenide glass." In Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2008, edited by Christoph M. Greiner and Christoph A. Waechter. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.768584.

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2

Suzuki, K., Y. Hamachi, and T. Baba. "Nonlinear photonic crystal waveguide with chalcogenide glass." In LEOS 2009 -22nd Annuall Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEO). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/leos.2009.5343074.

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Qiu, Feng, Tadashi Narusawa, Floyd D. McDaniel, and Barney L. Doyle. "Swift Ion Implanted Optical Waveguide In Chalcogenide Glass." In APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: Twenty-First International Conference. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3586186.

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Zou, Yi, Hongtao Lin, Lan Li, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves, Kathleen Richardson, and Juejun Hu. "Thermal nanoimprint fabrication of chalcogenide glass waveguide resonators." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2013.cth1j.5.

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Zhu, Ying, Lei Wan, Zelin Yang, Zhenshi Chen, Jingcui Song, Di Xia, Pingyang Zeng, Mingjie Zhang, Bin Zhang, and Zhaohui Li. "Fabrication of waveguide-integrated suspended chalcogenide glass microdisk resonator." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2020.jtu2b.11.

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Ramachandran, S., and S. G. Bishop. "Rapid Thermal Annealing of Chalcogenide glasses for Photodarkened Waveguide and Grating Applications." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.bmg.3.

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Optical elements for applications in communications and interconnections such as waveguides and grating devices can be patterned in chalcogenide glasses by illumination with above band gap light, which causes photodarkening1. Photodarkening is a photo-induced red shift of the optical absorption edge and is accompanied by an increase in the index of refraction in the transparent spectral range below the absorption edge. A configurational model2 describes photodarkening as an illumination induced transformation from a stable configuration to a quasi-stable configuration via an electronically excited state. Annealing close to the glass transition temperature (Tg) causes a direct structural relaxation from the quasi-stable to stable state.

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Ganjoo, Ashtosh, Himanshu Jain, Joseph V. Ryan, Renbo Song, Rima Chanda, Joseph Irudayaraj, Yujie Ding, and Carlo G. Pantano. "Fabrication of chalcogenide glass waveguide for IR evanescent wave sensors." In Optics East, edited by M. Saif Islam and Achyut K. Dutta. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.573900.

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Lin, Hongtao, Skylar Deckoff-Jones, Derek Kita, Hanyu Zheng, Duanhui Li, Wei Zhang, and Juejun Hu. "Mid-infrared waveguide integrated chalcogenide glass on black phosphorus photodetectors." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2018.sm2i.8.

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Tsay, Candice, Elvis Mujagić, Claire Gmachl, and Craig B. Arnold. "Integrated Mid-Infrared Chalcogenide Glass Waveguide and Quantum Cascade Laser." In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo.2010.cwg6.

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Psaila, N. D., R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, A. K. Kar, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, S. Shen, and A. Jha. "Waveguide fabrication and supercontinuum generation in an ultrafast laser inscribed chalcogenide glass waveguide." In 2008 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.2008.4551146.

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