Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chairil

Academic literature on the topic 'Chairil'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Chairil"

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Arif Setyawan. "Chairil Anwar Service Literature Practices, 1942-1949." AKSIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/aksis.030211.

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Chairil Anwar's literary resistance practices in 1942-1949 were supported by ‘literary habitus’--foreign and local literature, literary totality, and literary rationality-- as a foundation with the support of ‘literary modal’ --literary totality, literary rationality, and ideals of literature-- with consideration of the ‘literary fields’.Although the dominance of a ‘pujangga baru’ generation through literary practices is quite strong, Chairil Anwar's ‘literary practice’ is a successful practice.This success was marked by several things, including (1) Chairil's poetry writing model was considered as a new model that was not available before in Indonesian literature; (2) the influence of Chairil's literary practice which is growing in Indonesian literary society; (3) Chairil's coronation as a pioneer of the 45th generation; and (4) the increasingly massive publishing of Chairil's works which certainly brings 'capital modal' to Chairil's family. Keywords: literary resistance practices, Chairil Anwar, 1942-1949 Abstrak Praktik sastra perlawan Chairil Anwar pada tahun 1942-1949 didukung oleh 'habitus sastra' --sastra asing dan lokal, totalitas sastra, dan rasionalitas sastra-- sebagai landasan dengan dukungan 'modal sastra' --totalitas sastra, rasionalitas sastra, rasionalitas sastra , dan cita-cita sastra-- dengan pertimbangan 'ranah sastra'. Meskipun dominasi generasi 'pujangga baru' melalui praktik sastra cukup kuat, 'praktik sastra' Chairil Anwar adalah praktik yang berhasil. Keberhasilan ini ditandai oleh beberapa hal, antara lain(1) Model penulisan sajak Chairil dianggap model baru yang belum ada sebelumnya di kesusasteraan Indonesia; (2) pengaruh praktik sastra Chairil yang semakin besar dalam masyarakat sastra Indonesia; (3) dinobatkannya Chairil sebagai pelopor angkatan 45; dan (4) semakin masifnya penerbitan karya-karya Chairil yang tentunya mendatangkan modal kapital bagi keluarga Chairil. Kata kunci: praktik sastra perlawanan, Chairil Anwar, Tahun 1942-1949
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Mahyudi, Johan. "JEJAK WORDSWORTH, COLERIDGE, DAN SHELLEY PADA SEJUMLAH SAJAK CHAIRIL ANWAR YANG DILENGKAPI NAMA WANITA." LINGUA: Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v12i1.72.

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Almost all critiqus admit the quality of Chairicl Anwar’s verses as of impressed. On a poem he exlicitly dedicated to a certain woman he loved, Chairil Anwar impressively exposed his romantic articulation in the poet. Results of inquiry upon three poems of Chairil Anwar indicated the root of romantic initiators that derived from romantic expressions of Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Shelley. Innovations on the romantic expression the poets delivered for critiques, romantism has been a new mainstream in the literary critique. This article presents how Chairil Anwar strongly expresses romantic articulations in his three poems Cerita Buat Dien Tamaela (A Story for Dien Tamalea), Sajak Putih (A White Verse), Hampa (Empty), and Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil (Twilight in a Small Port). The findings evidently indicated that Chairil Anawar adapted Wordsworth romantism version, and Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil was a poet Chairil Anwar ideally devoted romantism spirit.
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Rakata Iskandar, Radea Hafidh, and Bayu Indra Pratama. "NASIONALISME CHAIRIL ANWAR." JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra 10, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/jentera.v10i2.926.

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Chairil Anwar adalah sastrawan besar yang hidup pada masa perjuangan bangsaIndonesia. Hal ini memungkinkan baginya untuk menulis pesan-pesan nasionalis dalam puisi- puisinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk membongkar nasionalisme Chairil Anwar yang tertuang dalam puisi-puisinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kritis dengan metode Hermeneutika Filosofis Hans-Georg Gadamer yang didukung dengan Analisis Wacana Kritis Teeun A. Van Dijk untuk menyingkap bagaimana Chairil Anwar memahami praktik ideologi nasionalisme pada masa tersebut dan kemudian menuangkannya dalam puisi-puisinya. Unit data yang dianalisis adalah puisi-puisinya yang bertema nasionalis yang ditulis dalam rentang waktu 1942-1949 sebanyak 13 puisi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa puisi-puisi tersebut merepresentasikan pemikiran nasionalisme Chairil Anwar. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pengaruh dari kognisi individu dan konteks sosial terhadap proses penciptaan puisi.
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Rozak, Abd, and Irwan Siagian. "Analisis Perubahan Bunyi Fonem pada Puisi Karya Chairil Anwar." LITERATUS 4, no. 1 (May 25, 2022): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37010/lit.v4i1.681.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis perubahan bunyi fonem yang terdapat dalam puisi-puisi karya Chairil Anwar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah perubahan bunyi fonem pada puisi-puisi karya Chairil Anwar. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah puisi-puisi karya Chairil Anwar. Sumber data berasal dari kumpulan puisi karya Chairil Anwar. Metode penyediaan data yaitu analisis dokumen. Perubahan bunyi fonem disebabkan oleh berbagai hal yaitu sistem morfologi bahasa, budaya pengucapan bahasa, dan konsep sistem alfabet bahasa itu sendiri. Puisi merupakan karya sastra yang di dalamnya terdapat irama, matra, rima, serta tersusun larik dan bait. Chairil Anwar ialah seorang pemuda yang lahir di Medan, Sumatera Utara pada 26 Juli 1922, Chairil Anwar dinobatkan sebagai pelopor Angkatan ’45. Hasil analisis data menyimpulkan bahwa dari 11 puisi karya Chairil Anwar terdapat 6 jenis perubahan bunyi fonem di antaranya yaitu asimilasi, disimilasi, netralisasi, zeroisasi, anaptiksis dan monoftongisasi serta 23 kata yang merupakan perubahan bunyi fonem.
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Bulderita, Silvania, Erizal Gani, and Syahrul Syahrul. "EPIZEUKSIS DALAM KUMPULAN SAJAK CHAIRIL ANWAR: AKU INI BINATANG JALANG." RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 12, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v12i1.7067.

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Epizeuxis in a collection of Anwar Chairil Poems: I'm a Bitch Animal. This article aims to investigate the epizeuxis style found in the lines of Chairil Anwar's poems: I am a bitch animal. The collection of poems consisted of 76 poems from Chairil Anwar from 1942-1949 totaling 76 poems, 2 poetry transcripts, and Chairil Anwar's letters to H.B Jassin. Descriptive method is using in this research. There are 21 poems that contain epizeuxis style. Found three epizeuxis language style contained in a collection of Chairil Anwar's poems. First, the language style is repeated directly in a row. Secondly, the style of language with important words repeated as affirmation. Third, the style of language that is considered important words repeated several times in a row.
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Batmang, NFN. "EKSPRESI AMIR HAMZAH DAN CHAIRIL ANWAR DALAM PUISI-PUISI PERCINTAAN (The Expression of Amir Hamzah and Chairil Anwar in Romantic-Poetry)." Kandai 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/jk.v15i2.939.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep kekasih dalam puisi Amir Hamzah “Dalam Matamu” dan puisi Chairil Anwar “Sajak Putih” serta konsep pengkhianatan kekasih dalam puisi “Kusangka” karya Amir Hamzah dan puisi “Penerimaan” karya Chairil Anwar. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan observasi dan studi dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan puisi hipogram Amir Hamzah dan puisi transformasi Chairil Anwar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep kekasih dalam karya Amir Hamzah dan Chairil Anwar dipandang sebagai pembawa kebahagiaan, ketenteraman, keindahan, harapan, dan kemesraan dalam suasana romantis. Namun ekspresi kedua penyair berbeda. Penyair pertama cenderung demokratis karena memandang kekasih itu sebagai ibunya, sedangkan penyair kedua cenderung individualistis karena memandang kekasih sebagai urusan pribadi. Kemudian, dalam memandang pengkhianatan kekasih, Amir Hamzah menganggapnya sebagai sesuatu yang membawa kekecewaan, kehancuran hati, dan rasa was-was sehingga sulit untuk dimaafkan, sedangkan Chairil Anwar memandangnya sebagai sesuatu yang realistis, harus diterima karena itu kenyataan hidup.(This study aims to examine the concept of lovers in the poem “Dalam Matamu” written by Amir Hamzah and “Sajak Putih” written by Chairil Anwar and the concept of betrayal of lovers in Amir Hamzah’s "Kusangka" and Chairil Anwar's "Penerimaan" poems. This study used a type of qualitative research using a case study method. Source data was obtained by observation and study of documents. Data analysis were conducted by comparing the poetry of Amir Hamzah and Chairil Anwar. The results showed that the concept of lover in the work of Amir Hamzah and Chairil Anwar was seen as a bearer of happiness, peace, beauty, hope, and intimacy in romantic situations. But, the expression of the two poets are different. The first poet tends to be democratic because he views the lover as his mother, while the second poet tends to be individualistic because he views lover as a private matter. Then, in view of betrayal of lovers, Amir Hamzah considers it as something that brings disappointment, heartbreak, and anxiety so that it is difficult to be forgiven, while Chairil Anwar sees it as something realistic, but should be accepted because it is a fact of life.)
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Rahmadani, Desy, Anny Wahyuni, and Budi Purnomo. "ANALISIS KARAKTER KEBANGSAAN CHAIRIL ANWAR SEBAGAI PELOPOR ANGKATAN 45." SWADESI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sejarah 2, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/swadesi.v2i1.45909.

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Perkembangan zaman menyebabkan timbulnya degradasi moral serta karakter bangsa yang dikhawatirkan semakin memudar. Karakter kebangsaan atau dapat diartikan sebagai sikap cinta tanah air sangat perlu ditanamkan dalam diri setiap individu. Chairil Anwar menuaikan sejarah kehidupannya dalam dunia sastra dan juga sebagai sosok pahlawan yang memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Tujuan ditulisnya artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana karakter kebangsaan dari seorang Chairil Anwar sebagai pelopor angkatan 45 dan figur Chairil dalam kesusastraan. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan kajian literature, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dan kajian literature ini penulis menarik kesimpulan bahwasanya analisis Karakter Kebangsaan Chairil Anwar Sebagai Pelopor Angkatan 45 banyak tercermin dalam sajak-sajak dan hasil karya kesusastraannnya.
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Purnomo, Mulyo Hadi. "Membaca Chairil Anwar Melalui Psikokritik." Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.13.1.56-63.

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The poem "Aku" by Chairil Anwar is often identified with the spirit of nationalism. Because indeed Chairil Anwar is widely known as the pioneer of the 45th Generation which is synonymous with independence and nationalism. Psychocritical readings by looking at superpositions / piles of text indicate the passion of tanatos (death) which is even more prominent.
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Suci, Novira Aprianti, Nensilianti Nensilianti, and Faisal Faisal. "Misery And Faithfulness In “Aku Ini Binatang Jalang” Anthology Of Poetry By Chairil Anwar: Paul Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics Review." Phonologie : Journal of Language and Literature 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/phonologie.v1i2.21993.

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Abstract. This study aims to describe the interpretation of the symbols of misery and the symbols of loyalty contained in the poetry anthology Aku Ini Binatang Jalang by Chairil Anwar using the Hermeneutic theory of Paul Ricoeur. This study used qualitative research methods. The data in this study are poetry quotes in the form of sentences that describe symbols of misery and symbols of loyalty experienced by Chairil as a writer in nine poems. The data source in this research is the poetry anthology Aku Ini Binatang Jalang by Chairil Anwar. The data collection techniques in this study were reading techniques and note taking techniques. The analysis of this research was carried out by identifying, classifying, analyzing, and describing symbols of misery and symbols of loyalty in the poetry anthology Aku Ini Binatang Jalang by Chairil Anwar with a review of Paul Ricouer's Hermeneutics.
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Rachmawati, Raja. "STRATEGI PENERJEMAHAN PUISI-PUISI CHAIRIL ANWAR OLEH RAFFEL DALAM BUKU THE COMPLETE PROSE AND POETRY OF CHAIRIL ANWAR." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 4, no. 2 (August 24, 2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.31503/madah.v4i2.536.

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This article discusses Indonesian—Poetry translation. The purpose of this article is to describe the strategies of translating poetry of Chairil Anwar by Raffel Raffel in “The Complete Prose and Poetry of Chairil Anwar”, a book written and edited by Raffel Raffel. In order to reach the purpose, the poetries of the source language are compared with the poetries of the target language in order to find out the strategy used in the translation. The method applied in this study is a qualitative descriptive analysis of the meaning. The data were analyzed by using some strategies of translation theory in general given by Newmark, Vinay and Dalberhet, Baker, and Hoed and the strategy of translating poetry by Lavefere. The result of the analysis shows that the general translation strategy used in the translation of Chairil Anwar Poetries are modulation translation, calque or literal translation, descriptive equivalence translation, generic words translation, additional translation and interpretation translation. Meanwhile the strategies of translating poetry used by Raffel are metrical translation, rhymed translation, blank verse translation, and interpretation translation.AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas penerjemahan puisi bahasa Indonesia kedalam bahasa Inggris. Tujuannya adalah mendeskripsikan strategi penejemahan puisi-puisi Chairil Anwar oleh Raffel Raffel dalam bukunya yang berjudul The Complete Prose and Poetry of Chairil Anwar. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini, puisi-puisi Chairil Anwar dalam bahasa Indonesia dibandingkan dengan terjemahannya dalam bahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan strategi penerjemahan secara umum yang dikemukakan oleh Newmark, Vinay dan Dalberhet, Baker, and Hoed dan strategi penerjemahan puisi oleh Andre Lavefere. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa strategi penejemahan umum yang digunakan dalam menerjemahkan puisi Chairil Anwar adalah strategi penerjemahan modulasi, calque atau penerjemahan literal, kesepadanan deskriptif, penerjemahan dengan kata generik atau kata yang lebih umum, penerjemahan dengan tambahan dan penerjemahan dengan pengurangan. Sedangkan strategi penerjemahan puisi yang digunakan oleh Raffel adalah penerjemahan metris, penerjemahan rima atau sajak, penerjemahan bait secara bebas, dan penerjemahan interpretasi.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chairil"

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MUKUNDAN, KUMAR ABHIJITH, and SAM THOMAS. "PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT OF WORK CHAIRS AND OFFICE CHAIR." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-41344.

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Work chair is considered as an important element for the users to improve comfort in work environment. An ergonomic chair design and engineering is therefore considered very important for its usability and comfort view of point for the users. The aim of the thesis is to improve the mobility and ergonomics of the existing chair in all aspects. Ergonomically designed chairs are important for long time seated workers to increase their productivity and also to reduce low back injuries which arise due to the poor design chairs in ergonomic aspects. In addition, ergonomically designed chairs help to increase the seating comfortability of the chair users. QFD and waterfall model was followed for the work execution. In this paper, we discuss a design of an ergonomically efficient chair with simple adjustments which gives more comfortability. This will give us a better likelihood to stay in a neutral position. The Ergonomics of the chair is improved in various steps. This thesis focuses on many ideas in which some of them are implemented and evaluated.
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Freier, Stephen H. "The Effect of Office Chair Backrest Design on the Body's Metabolic Response to Office Work." [Milwaukee, Wis.] : E-Publications@Marquette, 2009. http://epublications.marquette.edu/theses_open/15.

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Kelly, Caroline Laure. "The Beauty of Fit: Proportion and Anthropometry in Chair Design." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04182005-160711/unrestricted/kelly%5Fcaroline%5Fl%5F200505%5Fmast.pdf.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Industrial Design, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.
Reeder, Kevin, Committee Chair ; Medina, Joyce, Committee Member ; Gentry, T. Russell, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Korte, Janice. "South African anthropometric dimensions for the design of an ergonomic office chair." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006046.

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Office chairs are becoming a modern status symbol in the workplace. Many individuals are seated on office chairs for most of the working day. As a result of using poorly designed chairs injury and discomfort are frequently experienced, most particularly lower back pain. Correct design of chairs is imperative, and must be user-centered. The aim of this investigation has been to gather anthropometric dimensions characteristic of the South African population, as this information has not been widely assimilated to date. Once collated, this information could be used in the design of an ergonomically correct office chair, suitable for the unique characteristics of the South African working population. Anthropometric dimensions were collected from 683 South Africans (comprising 448 South African females and 235 South African males) from pre-selected companies in major centres in South Africa (Johannesburg, Pietermaritzburg, Durban, East London, Grahamstown, Port Elizabeth and Cape Town). Measurements included participants’ personal information (age, sex, home language and ethnic group), basic anthropometric measures (stature, shoulder height, mass, and waist and hip circumference) as well as specific measures of fit of the individual to the specially designed, adjustable chair. Of the 448 females, 317 were Black females, 77 were White females, 35 were Coloured females and 19 were Indian/Asian females. Of the 235 males, 112 were Black males, 79 were White males, 26 were Coloured males and 18 were Indian/Asian males. Office chair dimensions for each ethnic group were represented and differences were noted. A comparison between a current office chair’s dimensions and the South African sample office chair’s dimensions indicated modifications that would need to be constructed to suit the South African sample. The conventional office chair is still the most widely accepted office chair due to its stability and support structures that maintain the correct sitting posture of the user. An ergonomic office chair needs to incorporate anthropometric dimensions worldwide.
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Gallagher, Judith. "A Study of Department Chairs in Two-Year Colleges: A Comparison of the 1992 International Community College Chair Survey to Department Chairs in the North Texas Community College Consortium." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4329/.

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A study was conducted to gather information from department chairs serving in the 26 two-year colleges that are members of the North Texas Community College Consortium using the International Community College Chair Survey (ICCCS). The ICCCS is designed to gather insights into four aspects of the chairs' professional lives: personal characteristics, responsibilities challenges, and strategies. The study compared the demographic data and the respondents' perceptions of the challenges their units will face in the next 5 years to the original survey conducted in 1992. The regional sample included 616 first-line administrators, and a 30.5% response rate was achieved. The demographic distribution of the regional respondents shows significant shifts in gender, age, education, experience and release time but constancy in race and stability of the population. Similarities between the two samples exist regarding the challenges of maintaining program quality, providing technology, and managing financial issues. The regional sample expresses greater concern about the challenges of distance education, external accountability, and student matters.
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Korach, Rachel Mae. "A Comparative Study of Perceptions of High School Department Chairs and High School Teachers on the Role of the High School Academic Department Chair: the Voice of the Teacher-department Chair." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1254.

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The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine and compare perceptions between high school department chairs and teachers regarding the role of the high school academic department chair in Oregon, a position which has been largely ignored in recent educational reform efforts. Schools selected for the study were limited to those sharing the same qualities of size and structure as those of the high schools in the researcher's own district. A researcher-constructed questionnaire defining 44 activities comprising five categories of department chair responsibility provided data from 118 high school department chairs and 114 teachers from 34 Oregon high schools. Respondents addressed three issues: (a) definition-perceptions of what the role of the high school department chair looks like in practice; (b) clarification-perceptions of which activities are most important to the role; and (c) extension-perceptions of which activities are most important for the department chair to continue to improve in carrying out the role. Results of this study show teachers' expectations for the role of the department chair to be substantially different from those of the chairs themselves. Chi-square testing revealed statistically significant (R < .05) incongruence of perceptions between department chairs and teachers for 21 of the 44 activities across all five of the categories of department chair responsibility. Department chairs consistently perceived themselves to devote more time to their role than teachers perceived chairs to spend. Teachers placed more importance than did chairs on protection of instructional time and support of teachers' professional needs and concerns. Statistically significant differences in perception between males and females in the study population were also found for 24 of the 44 activities. Females consistently valued more highly than did males those department chair activities that reflect a facilitative, collaborative approach to leadership. Greater percentages of males more highly valued management activities than did females. These findings suggest both ambiguity in role definition and incongruence of role expectations to be obstacles to effective role performance for the high school department chair. Open, focused dialogue is suggested as a means for resolving these contradictions.
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Brow, Lawrence Michael. "Clay Chairs." Thesis, University of Iowa, 1989. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2796.

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Halbauer, Karl. "Predigstül : die spätgotischen Kanzeln im württembergischen Neckargebiet bis zur Einführung der Reformation /." Stuttgart : W. Kohlhammer, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37197031b.

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Chaikin, Eric Justin. "An Assesment of Historic and Contemporary Models of Native Representation from Ethno-Entertainment Films to Experiential Education Films." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/chaikin/ChaikinE0806.pdf.

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Ethno-entertainment is a term that makes apparent the merger of entertainment and science in the depiction of the Native presence in film. This approach to filmmaking is assessed and is determined to be defunct. Experiential-education filmmaking is offered as an alternative approach. It is suggested that Native science can inform this approach in a way that allows a contextual understanding of Native language and culture. My video thesis work, K'anecho'xdekdiigh- I'm Not Going to Teach You, is suggested as an example of how the prominence of Native science may promote survivance rather than perpetuate ethno-entertainment's focus on absence.
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Jönsson, Johanna. "Ergonomi : vikten av rätt sittande." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1231.

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Ergonomi innebär läran om människan i arbete, det vill säga samspelet mellan människa och arbetsredskap. Med detta som bakgrund kan man konstatera att det ställs höga krav på att arbetsstolen skall komplettera brukaren för att uppnå ett optimalt ergonomiskt sittande.

Syftet med denna rapport är att ge en inblick i sittergonomi och utformningen av arbetsstolar. För att uppnå ett ergonomiskt sittande menar ergonomer att man skall sitta med en öppen höftvinkel, vilket leder till ett dynamiskt sittande. Det dynamiska sittandet gör att brukaren har ett rörligt och aktivt sittande. Detta kan till viss del uppnås genom ett sittande enligt principen för balansstolen. För att ytterligare uppnå ett bra sittande finns det arbetsmiljölagar som reglerar sittandet på arbetsplatser.


The science of ergonomic means the human in work, which also can be defined as the combination between the human and the working tools. With this as a background it proves that there are high demands on the chairs that are meant for work. The chair is supposed to complement the user to reach an optimal ergonomic sitting.

The purpose of this report is to give an insight in the ergonomic sitting and how workchairs are designed. Ergonomics means that one way to reach an ergonomic sitting is with an open hip angle, which brings out a dynamic sitting. The dynamic sitting gives the user an active sitting. This can partly be achieved through a sitting like the principle for the balance chair. To further achieve a good sitting there are laws that contents the work environment, which controls the sitting on workplaces.

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Books on the topic "Chairil"

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Anwar, Chairil. Edisi kritis puisi Chairil Anwar. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat, 1996.

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Sutjianingsih, Sri. Chairil Anwar: Hasil karya dan pengabdiannya. [Jakarta]: Departemen Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Direktorat Jenderal Sejarah dan Purbakala, Direktorat Nilai Sejarah, 2009.

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Sutjiatiningsih, Sri. Chairil Anwar: Hasil karya dan pengabdiannya. [Jakarta]: Departemen Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Direktorat Jenderal Sejarah dan Purbakala, Direktorat Nilai Sejarah, 2009.

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Ajoeb, Joebaar. Sebuah mocopat kebudayaan Indonesia: Chairil Anwar dan Soekarno. [Jakarta: s.n., 1990.

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S, Abdul Wachid B. Membaca makna: Dari Chairil Anwar ke A. Mustofa Bisri. Yogyakarta: Grafindo Litera Media, 2005.

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Sjumandjaya. Aku: Berdasarkan perjalanan hidup dan karya penyair Chairil Anwar. Jakarta: Grafitipers, 1987.

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The voice of the night: Complete poetry and prose of Chairil Anwar. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University, Center for International Studies, 1993.

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Mahmud, Kusman K. Pergeseran medan makna leksikal pada diksi dalam sajak-sajak Chairil Anwar: Laporan penelitian. Bandung: Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Padjadjaran, 1994.

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Bølling, Kaufmann Iben, ed. Stolen. [Copenhagen]: Gad, 2009.

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Majewski, Lech, and Helmut Bauer. Setz dich! München: Münchner Stadtmuseum, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chairil"

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Heinschke, Martina. "Anwar, Chairil." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_2014-1.

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Heinschke, Martina. "Anwar, Chairil: Das lyrische Werk." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_2015-1.

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Russ-Bovelino, Andreas. "Chairity Chair." In Caramel, 404–5. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0512-2_106.

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Califano, Rosaria, Iolanda Fiorillo, Giovanni Baglivo, Claudia Chirico, Antonietta Dello Russo, Jose Garro, Michele Leo, Conrado Pacheco, Gianluca Vitolo, and Alessandro Naddeo. "Comfort Driven Redesign: The Case of Library Chairs." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 155–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_25.

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AbstractUniversity students spend most of their time in a sitting position. Prolonged sitting on ill-fitted furniture and the resulting lousy posture is making students having different musculoskeletal disorders and is strictly related to students learning outcomes. This study aims to improve postural comfort of chairs placed inside the Science & Technology Library at the University of Salerno. A previous study about these library chairs showed that the lumbar area was the most suffering part while perceived (dis)comfort was dependent on time. Based on this, an ergonomic redesign and, consequently, manufacturing of the chair has been done. A perceived-comfort comparison between the library chair and the redesigned one has been performed. A statistical sample of 28 healthy students performed a 20-min experiment two times, alternatively on the library chair and the redesigned one. The 20-min experiment was divided into two 10-min tasks (“Reading & Writing” and “Laptop use”) to simulate a study day. The participants’ postures were acquired non-invasively using cameras and processed by Kinovea; questionnaires were used to rate the perceived subjective (dis)comfort. A procedure for improving an existing product through a comfort-driven redesign is proposed. Results showed the redesigned library chair lead on increasing postural comfort (particularly in the lumbar area) thanks to the new design and modifications.
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Jewell, Derek. "Chair's Introduction." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 1–2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470090480.ch1.

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Rammensee, Hans-Georg. "Chair's Introduction." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 1–2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470090766.ch1.

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Menaker, Michael. "Chair's Introduction." In Molecular Clocks and Light Signalling, 1–2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470090839.ch1.

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Gearhart, John. "Chair's Introduction." In Stem Cells: Nuclear Reprogramming and Therapeutic Applications, 1–2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470091452.ch1.

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Bhattacharya, Shomi. "Chair's Introduction." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 1–3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470092645.ch1.

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Goldman, Robert D. "Chair's Introduction." In Nuclear Organization in Development and Disease, 1–2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470093765.ch1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chairil"

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Hasibuan, Ahmad Ridwan, Rahmat Kartolo, Siti Hajarianti Nursyam, Rafidah, Ovy Rizki Ramadhani, and Rahmat Afandi Dongoran. "Chairil Anwar’s Recontruction Poetry “Love is Away in The Islands” by Chairil Anwar Becomes a Short Story “Love in The Middle of The Island” by Ahmad Ridwan Hasibuan." In First International Conference on Science, Technology, Engineering and Industrial Revolution (ICSTEIR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210312.041.

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Gooch, Shayne, Laura Hollingsworth, and Tony Medland. "The Study of the Interaction of Humans With Wheelchairs to Improve the Design." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87475.

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In order to evaluate a wheelchair design it is necessary to look at the capabilities of the user and the chair’s intended purpose. Whilst some chairs are only required to provide infrequent mobility indoors, others need to enable the user to travel great distances out doors over rough terrain. In this respect the chair should be considered in the same manner as any other ‘inclusive’ product (or be useable by all). There is a need to better understand the capabilities of different users and how this affects their ability to use a wheelchair for the express purpose required. A detailed experimental investigation was carried out into the wheelchair propulsion characteristics of people with paraplegia and tetraplegia. In this investigation, subjects’ posture, applied forces, and their strategies in applying forces to the wheel rims were studied. Three distinct postures and corresponding techniques were observed and subsequently modelled in a constraint-modelling environment. Here rules were developed that allowed these differing postures to be applied to a manikin representation and their effect upon the wheelchair mobility evaluated. From this study the needs for these classes of individuals were identified in order to allow the wheelchairs to be evaluated. Where conflicts existed between the chair and the user, different modifications in both chair and posture were proposed and assessed. Where no simple modifications exist such a study can provide the basis for a more radical and improved design.
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Warohmah Azhari, Mawaddah, and Haryadi Haryadi. "The Application Of Field Trip Methods To Improve The Ability To Write Poetry On Students Of Smp Grade Vii Using Chairil Anwar’s "Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil"." In Proceedings of the 5th Asia Pasific Education Conference (AECON 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aecon-18.2018.21.

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Muamaroh and Diva Esha Hanggraningtyas. "An Analysis of Translation Shift and Its Equivalence in To Margot Heinemann (1935) By John Cornford into Huesca (1948) By Chairil Anwar." In International Conference of Learning on Advance Education (ICOLAE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220503.078.

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Rondon, Andres, and Sukru Guzey. "Evaluation of the Anchor-Bolt Chair Design Considering Localized Stresses in the Shell of Anchored Storage Tanks." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63712.

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Anchor bolt chairs are structural attachments used to control the overturning stability of aboveground storage tanks subjected to external and internal forces. Throughout this investigation three different design procedures were evaluated in order to determine the localized stresses occurring in the shell above the chairs due to wind load. The implemented methods are based on mathematical equations, stress linearization and stress extrapolation. Moreover, 3D finite element models were built to estimate the effect of tank height, diameter, shell thickness and anchor chair height. The results of the three methods are compared in terms of the localized stresses obtained from each one as well as in terms of the utilization ratio of the shell material.
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Takita, Yoshihiro, Shinya Ohkawa, and Hisashi Date. "Development of Wheel Chair With Center Articulated Body and Autonomous Control System." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46970.

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Our research object is to develop a wheel chair that is able to climb up and down stairs. Conventional wheel chairs use a parallel two-wheel type mobile base that is effective for moving on even surfaces but has limited clearance, posing difficulties in climbing over obstacles. In IROS2014, authors proposed and demonstrated an Octal Wheel unit that has 8 wheels with link-mechanisms and is able to climb up and down stairs. This robot is just a prototype to show the effectiveness of the mechanism. This research has begun to develop an AR chair that is able to carry a passenger, move autonomously, and climb up and down stairs. The first step of the AR chair project is to develop and construct a wheel chair with a center articulated body. The 8-wheel mechanism is applied to the AR chair model after the construction of an autonomous system. A control system with 3D LIDAR was installed on the prototype and it autonomously moved 1.4km in the Real World Robotics Challenge (RWRC) 2014 in Tsukuba on the official pedestrian road. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
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Chernykh, Aleksey Nikolaevich. "DESIGN AND KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A ROBOTIZED CHAIR FOR PROTON ADIATION THERAPY." In International conference New technologies in medicine, biology, pharmacology and ecology (NT +M&Ec ' 2020). Institute of information technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-0-7.05.

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Proton radiotherapy becomes increasingly important in external radiotherapy. In particular, proton beam radiation therapy is the most successful and almost non-alternative method of radiation treatment of patients with intraocular malignant neoplasms. However, currently, the chairs for positioning patients during proton radiation therapy in the treatment rooms using the fixed proton beam direction do not have the functions of positioning the fixed head and neck. This article presents a new design of a chair for proton radiation therapy with a head and neck positioning device, which is being developed as part of the creation of a research complex for proton radiation therapy of patients with ophthalmic oncology based on the cyclotron C80 at the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” – PNPI. The proposed design of the robotic therapeutic chair is based on the theory of U-TRIZ and ergonomics requirements. The main components of the chair are the mechanism for adjusting the patient position and the device for head fixation device. According to design results, the following analyzes were carried out: weight pressure analysis in order to identify the chair parts, that do not support the required weight, and kinematic analysis for the mechanism that adjusts the chair position. Proposed structure of chair for proton radiotherapy meets requirements for correction of posture and performs function of head and neck positioning.
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"- Chair: Workshop co-chairs." In 2007 2nd Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information and Computing Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bimnics.2007.4610133.

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Reed, Matthew P., and Matthew B. Parkinson. "Modeling Variability in Torso Shape for Chair and Seat Design." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49483.

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Anthropometric data are widely used in the design of chairs, seats, and other furniture intended for seated use. These data are valuable for determining the overall height, width, and depth of a chair, but contain little information about body shape that can be used to choose appropriate contours for backrests. A new method is presented for statistical modeling of three-dimensional torso shape for use in designing chairs and seats. Laser-scan data from a large-scale civilian anthropometric survey were extracted and analyzed using principal component analysis. Multivariate regression was applied to predict the average body shape as a function of overall anthropometric variables. For optimization applications, the statistical model can be exercised to randomly sample the space of torso shapes for automated virtual fitting trials. This approach also facilitates trade-off analyses and other the application of other design decision-making methods. Although seating is the specific example here, the method is generally applicable to other designing for human variability situations in which applicable body contour data are available.
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"Message from general chair, vice chairs and technical program chairs." In 2009 First Asian Himalayas International Conference on Internet (AH-ICI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ahici.2009.5340362.

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Reports on the topic "Chairil"

1

Korach, Rachel. A Comparative Study of Perceptions of High School Department Chairs and High School Teachers on the Role of the High School Academic Department Chair: the Voice of the Teacher-department Chair. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1253.

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Rayburn, A. Canada's national names authority - Chairs and Secretaries. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/298533.

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Jordanova, Vania Koleva. Notes from the GEM Chair. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1634929.

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Bostelman, Roger, and James Albus. Design of the HLPR chair :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7459.

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Jordanova, Vania. Notes from the GEM Chair. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1805708.

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Kuttner, Kenneth, and Adam Posen. Do Markets Care Who Chairs the Central Bank? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13101.

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Korach, William. A Comparative Study of Perceptions of Superintendents, High School Principals, and High School Department Chairs on the Role of the High School Academic Department Chair: the Voice of the Administrator. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1199.

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O'Brien, James J. Secretary of the Navy Research Chair. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628306.

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Bourke, Robert H. ONR Chair in Arctic Marine Science. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629020.

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Bourke, Robert H. ONR Chair in Arctic Marine Science. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630644.

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