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Journal articles on the topic 'Chain Shuttling Polymerization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Martins, Roberto, Letícia Quinello, Giuliana Souza, and Maria Marques. "Polymerization of Ethylene with Catalyst Mixture in the Presence of Chain Shuttling Agent." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 6, no. 2 (June 20, 2012): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht06.02.153.

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2

Zintl, Manuela, and Bernhard Rieger. "Novel Olefin Block Copolymers through Chain-Shuttling Polymerization." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 46, no. 3 (January 8, 2007): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602889.

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3

Kuhlman, Roger L., and Timothy T. Wenzel. "Investigations of Chain Shuttling Olefin Polymerization Using Deuterium Labeling." Macromolecules 41, no. 12 (June 2008): 4090–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma8004313.

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4

Arriola, D. J. "Catalytic Production of Olefin Block Copolymers via Chain Shuttling Polymerization." Science 312, no. 5774 (May 5, 2006): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1125268.

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5

Mohammadi, Yousef, Mohammad Saeb, Alexander Penlidis, Esmaiel Jabbari, Florian J. Stadler, Philippe Zinck, and Krzysztof Matyjaszewski. "Intelligent Machine Learning: Tailor-Making Macromolecules." Polymers 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040579.

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Nowadays, polymer reaction engineers seek robust and effective tools to synthesize complex macromolecules with well-defined and desirable microstructural and architectural characteristics. Over the past few decades, several promising approaches, such as controlled living (co)polymerization systems and chain-shuttling reactions have been proposed and widely applied to synthesize rather complex macromolecules with controlled monomer sequences. Despite the unique potential of the newly developed techniques, tailor-making the microstructure of macromolecules by suggesting the most appropriate polymerization recipe still remains a very challenging task. In the current work, two versatile and powerful tools capable of effectively addressing the aforementioned questions have been proposed and successfully put into practice. The two tools are established through the amalgamation of the Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation approach and machine learning techniques. The former, an intelligent modeling tool, is able to model and visualize the intricate inter-relationships of polymerization recipes/conditions (as input variables) and microstructural features of the produced macromolecules (as responses). The latter is capable of precisely predicting optimal copolymerization conditions to simultaneously satisfy all predefined microstructural features. The effectiveness of the proposed intelligent modeling and optimization techniques for solving this extremely important ‘inverse’ engineering problem was successfully examined by investigating the possibility of tailor-making the microstructure of Olefin Block Copolymers via chain-shuttling coordination polymerization.

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6

Urciuoli, Gaia, Antonio Vittoria, Giovanni Talarico, Davide Luise, Claudio De Rosa, Vincenzo Busico, Roberta Cipullo, Odda Ruiz de Ballesteros, and Finizia Auriemma. "In-Depth Analysis of the Nonuniform Chain Microstructure of Multiblock Copolymers from Chain-Shuttling Polymerization." Macromolecules 54, no. 23 (November 18, 2021): 10891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01824.

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7

Xu, Qinwen, Rong Gao, and Dongbing Liu. "Studies on chain shuttling polymerization reaction of nonbridged half-titanocene and bis(phenoxy-imine) Zr binary catalyst system." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 4 (April 2019): 182007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182007.

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In this contribution, olefin block copolymers were produced via chain shuttling polymerization (CSP), using a new combination of catalysts and a chain shuttling agent (CSA) diethylzinc (ZnEt 2 ). The binary catalyst system included nonbridged half-titanocene catalyst, Cp*TiCl 2 (O-2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ) (Cat A ) and bis(phenoxy-imine) zirconium, { η 2 -1-[C(H)=NC 6 H 11 ]-2-O-3- t Bu-C 6 H 3 } 2 ZrCl 2 (Cat B ), as well as co-catalyst methylaluminoxane (MAO). In contrast to dual-catalyst system in the absence of CSA, the blocky structure was obtained in the presence of CSA and rationalized from rheological studies. The binary catalyst system could cause the CSP reaction to occur in the presence of CSA ZnEt 2 , which yielded broad distribution ethylene/1-octene copolymers ( M w / M n : 35.86) containing block polymer chains with high M w . The presented dual-catalytic system was applied for the first time in CSP and has a potential to be extended to produce a library of olefin block copolymers that can be used as advanced additives for thermoplastics.

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8

Zhu, Lei, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Yusheng Xing, and Bilal Ul Amin. "Advances in the Synthesis of Polyolefin Elastomers with “Chain-walking” Catalysts and Electron Spin Resonance Research of Related Catalytic Systems." Current Organic Chemistry 25, no. 8 (April 28, 2021): 935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666210126100641.

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In recent years, polyolefin elastomers play an increasingly important role in industry. The late transition metal complex catalysts, especially α-diimine Ni(II) and α-diimine Pd(II) complex catalysts, are popular “chain-walking” catalysts. They can prepare polyolefin with various structures, ranging from linear configuration to highly branched configuration. Combining the “chain-walking” characteristic with different polymerization strategies, polyolefins with good elasticity can be obtained. Among them, olefin copolymer is a common way to produce polyolefin elastomers. For instance, strictly defined diblock or triblock copolymers with excellent elastic properties were synthesized by adding ethylene and α-olefin in sequence. As well as the incorporation of polar monomers may lead to some unexpected improvement. Chain shuttling polymerization can generate multiblock copolymers in one pot due to the interaction of the catalysts with chain shuttling agent. Furthermore, when regarding ethylene as the sole feedstock, owing to the “oscillation” of the ligands of the asymmetric catalysts, polymers with stereo-block structures can be generated. Generally, the elasticity of these polyolefins mainly comes from the alternately crystallineamorphous block structures, which is closely related to the characteristic of the catalytic system. To improve performance of the catalysts and develop excellent polyolefin elastomers, research on the catalytic mechanism is of great significance. Electron spin resonance (ESR), as a precise method to detect unpaired electron, can be applied to study transition metal active center. Therefore, the progress on the exploration of the valence and the proposed configuration of catalyst active center in the catalytic process by ESR is also reviewed.

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9

Xiao, Anguo, Shibiao Zhou, and Qingquan Liu. "A Novel Branched–Hyperbranched Block Polyolefin Produced via Chain Shuttling Polymerization from Ethylene Alone." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 53, no. 17 (November 14, 2014): 1832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2014.935409.

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10

Xiao, Anguo, Li Wang, Qingquan Liu, Haojie Yu, Jianjun Wang, Jia Huo, Qiaohua Tan, Jianhua Ding, Wenbing Ding, and Abid Muhammad Amin. "A Novel Linear−Hyperbranched Multiblock Polyethylene Produced from Ethylene Monomer Alone via Chain Walking and Chain Shuttling Polymerization." Macromolecules 42, no. 6 (March 24, 2009): 1834–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma802352t.

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11

Zhang, Yuetao, Lucia Caporaso, Luigi Cavallo, and Eugene Y. X. Chen. "Hydride-Shuttling Chain-Transfer Polymerization of Methacrylates Catalyzed by Metallocenium Enolate Metallacycle−Hydridoborate Ion Pairs." Journal of the American Chemical Society 133, no. 5 (February 9, 2011): 1572–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja109775v.

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12

Ahmadi, Mostafa, and Amin Nasresfahani. "Realistic Representation of Kinetics and Microstructure Development During Chain Shuttling Polymerization of Olefin Block Copolymers." Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 24, no. 4 (March 25, 2015): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.201500004.

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13

Liu, Bo, and Dongmei Cui. "Regioselective Chain Shuttling Polymerization of Isoprene: An Approach To Access New Materials from Single Monomer." Macromolecules 49, no. 17 (August 18, 2016): 6226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00904.

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14

Yin, Xiao, Huan Gao, Fei Yang, Li Pan, Bin Wang, Zhe Ma, and Yue-Sheng Li. "Stereoblock Polypropylenes Prepared by Efficient Chain Shuttling Polymerization of Propylene with Binary Zirconium Catalysts and iBu3Al." Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 38, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 1192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2446-2.

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15

Schoeneberger, Elsa M., and Gerrit A. Luinstra. "Investigations on the Ethylene Polymerization with Bisarylimine Pyridine Iron (BIP) Catalysts." Catalysts 11, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11030407.

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The kinetics and terminations of ethylene polymerization, mediated by five bisarylimine pyridine (BIP) iron dichloride precatalysts, and activated by large amounts of methyl aluminoxane (MAO) was studied. Narrow distributed paraffins from initially formed aluminum polymeryls and broader distributed 1-polyolefins and (bimodal) mixtures, thereof, were obtained after acidic workup. The main pathway of olefin formation is beta-hydrogen transfer to ethylene. The rate of polymerization in the initial phase is inversely proportional to the co-catalyst concentration for all pre-catalysts; a first-order dependence was found on ethylene and catalyst concentrations. The inhibition by aluminum alkyls is released to some extent in a second phase, which arises after the original methyl groups are transformed into n-alkyl entities and the aluminum polymeryls partly precipitate in the toluene medium. The catalysis is interpretable in a mechanism, wherein, the relative rate of chain shuttling, beta-hydrogen transfer and insertion of ethylene are determining the outcome. Beta-hydrogen transfer enables catalyst mobility, which leads to a (degenerate) chain growth of already precipitated aluminum alkyls. Stronger Lewis acidic centers of the single site catalysts, and those with smaller ligands, are more prone to yield 1-olefins and to undergo a faster reversible alkyl exchange between aluminum and iron.

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16

Jandaghian, Mohammad Hossein, Ahmad Soleimannezhad, Saeid Ahmadjo, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Mortazavi, and Mostafa Ahmadi. "Synthesis and Characterization of Isotactic Poly(1-hexene)/Branched Polyethylene Multiblock Copolymer via Chain Shuttling Polymerization Technique." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 57, no. 14 (March 16, 2018): 4807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05339.

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17

Descour, Camille, Timo J. J. Sciarone, Dario Cavallo, Tibor Macko, Mauritz Kelchtermans, Ilia Korobkov, and Robbert Duchateau. "Exploration of the effect of 2,6-(t-Bu)2-4-Me-C6H2OH (BHT) in chain shuttling polymerization." Polymer Chemistry 4, no. 17 (2013): 4718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3py00506b.

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18

Tongtummachat, Tiprawee, Rungrueng Ma‐In, Siripon Anantawaraskul, and João B. P. Soares. "Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulation for Chain‐Shuttling Polymerization of Olefin Block Copolymers in Continuous Stirred‐Tank Reactor." Macromolecular Reaction Engineering 14, no. 6 (August 18, 2020): 2000030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mren.202000030.

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19

Bhagat, Subita, and Nikhil Prakash. "Comparative study of Metallocene catalyst propylene polymerization with different iteration rates." YMER Digital 20, no. 12 (December 25, 2021): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer20.12/53.

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This paper proposed a mathematical model corresponding to metallocene catalyzed propylene polymerization that uses the Me2Si [Ind]2ZrCL2 and Et [Ind]2ZrCL2. Comprehensive kinetic models consisting of mass and population balance equations, are developed based on elementary reactions proposed in the reaction mechanism. The result from the above indicates that metallocene catalysts in the presence of ethylene zirconium dichloride and methylene zirconium dichloride shows modularity and new peaks are obtained. The temperature variation from 25 to 75 also increase the rate and reason for the same could be chain shuttling polymerization. The model is presented through simulative study. Initially genetic approach is used but convergence rate is poor. To achieve best possible result, particle swarm optimization is used. The optimization approach with particle swarm optimization is implemented. The local and global solutions are comparable entities and replace each other in case value of local variable is not optimized. From the simulative study it is discovered that Et [Ind]2ZrCL2 produce best possible polymers both at 25 and 750C.

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20

Tongtummachat, Tiprawee, Siripon Anantawaraskul, and João B. P. Soares. "Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulation of Olefin Block Copolymers (OBCs) Produced via Chain-Shuttling Polymerization: Effect of Kinetic Rate Constants on Chain Microstructure." Macromolecular Reaction Engineering 12, no. 4 (May 31, 2018): 1800021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mren.201800021.

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21

Childers, M. Ian, Andrew K. Vitek, Lilliana S. Morris, Peter C. B. Widger, Syud M. Ahmed, Paul M. Zimmerman, and Geoffrey W. Coates. "Isospecific, Chain Shuttling Polymerization of Propylene Oxide Using a Bimetallic Chromium Catalyst: A New Route to Semicrystalline Polyols." Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 32 (August 8, 2017): 11048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b00194.

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22

Mohammadi, Yousef, Mostafa Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Mohammad Mehdi Khorasani, Pianpian Yang, and Florian J. Stadler. "A Detailed Model on Kinetics and Microstructure Evolution during Copolymerization of Ethylene and 1-Octene: From Coordinative Chain Transfer to Chain Shuttling Polymerization." Macromolecules 47, no. 14 (June 30, 2014): 4778–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma500874h.

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23

Zheng, Wenjie, Qi Yang, Jing Dong, Feng Wang, Faliang Luo, Heng Liu, and Xuequan Zhang. "Neodymium-based one-precatalyst/dual-cocatalyst system for chain shuttling polymerization to access cis-1,4/trans-1,4 multiblock polybutadienes." Materials Today Communications 27 (June 2021): 102453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102453.

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24

He, Jianghua, Yuetao Zhang, and Eugene Y. X. Chen. "Cationic Zirconocene-Mediated Catalytic H-Shuttling Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers: Scopes of Catalyst, Chain-Transfer Agent, and Monomer." Macromolecular Symposia 349, no. 1 (March 2015): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.201400018.

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25

Pan, Li, Kunyu Zhang, Masayoshi Nishiura, and Zhaomin Hou. "Chain-Shuttling Polymerization at Two Different Scandium Sites: Regio- and Stereospecific “One-Pot” Block Copolymerization of Styrene, Isoprene, and Butadiene." Angewandte Chemie 123, no. 50 (October 25, 2011): 12218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201104011.

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26

Pan, Li, Kunyu Zhang, Masayoshi Nishiura, and Zhaomin Hou. "Chain-Shuttling Polymerization at Two Different Scandium Sites: Regio- and Stereospecific “One-Pot” Block Copolymerization of Styrene, Isoprene, and Butadiene." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 50, no. 50 (October 25, 2011): 12012–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201104011.

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27

Dai, Quanquan, Xuequan Zhang, Yanming Hu, Jianyun He, Ce Shi, Yunqi Li, and Chenxi Bai. "Regulation of the cis-1,4- and trans-1,4-Polybutadiene Multiblock Copolymers via Chain Shuttling Polymerization Using a Ternary Neodymium Organic Sulfonate Catalyst." Macromolecules 50, no. 20 (October 9, 2017): 7887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01049.

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28

Tynys, Antti, Jan L. Eilertsen, Jukka V. Seppälä, and Erling Rytter. "Propylene polymerizations with a binary metallocene system—Chain shuttling caused by trimethylaluminium between active catalyst centers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 45, no. 7 (2007): 1364–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.21908.

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29

Zintl, Manuela, and Bernhard Rieger. "Novel Olefin Block Copolymers Through Chain-Shuttling Polymerization." ChemInform 38, no. 15 (April 10, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200715236.

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30

Urciuoli, Gaia, Odda Ruiz de Ballesteros, Roberta Cipullo, Marco Trifuoggi, Antonella Giarra, and Finizia Auriemma. "Thermal Fractionation of Ethylene/1-Octene Multiblock Copolymers from Chain Shuttling Polymerization." Macromolecules, June 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00773.

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31

Chen, Shiyan, Lixia Peng, Yanan Liu, Xiang Gao, Ying Zhang, Chun Tang, Zhenghao Zhai, et al. "Conjugated polymers based on metalla-aromatic building blocks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 29 (July 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2203701119.

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Conjugated polymers usually require strategies to expand the range of wavelengths absorbed and increase solubility. Developing effective strategies to enhance both properties remains challenging. Herein, we report syntheses of conjugated polymers based on a family of metalla-aromatic building blocks via a polymerization method involving consecutive carbyne shuttling processes. The involvement of metal d orbitals in aromatic systems efficiently reduces band gaps and enriches the electron transition pathways of the chromogenic repeat unit. These enable metalla-aromatic conjugated polymers to exhibit broad and strong ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption bands. Bulky ligands on the metal suppress π–π stacking of polymer chains and thus increase solubility. These conjugated polymers show robust stability toward light, heat, water, and air. Kinetic studies using NMR experiments and UV–Vis spectroscopy, coupled with the isolation of well-defined model oligomers, revealed the polymerization mechanism.

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