Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CH3I'
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Krueger, Charles Winslow. "Chemical vapor etching of GaAs by CH3I." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37507.
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Houjeij, Hanaa. "Etude expérimentale des réactions de capture/désorption des iodes gazeux (I2, CH3I) sur des aérosols environnementaux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0172.
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Lors d'un grave accident de centrale nucléaire l'iode gazeux I131, émit principalement sous les formes I2 ou CH3I, peut affecter la santé humaine et l'environnement lors de son rejet dans l'atmosphère. Les modèles de dispersion de l'iode ne tiennent pas compte de la réactivité de l'iode avec les espèces gazeuses ou les aérosols atmosphériques. Cependant, la modification de la spéciation chimique et/ou la forme physique des composés de l’iode n’est pas sans conséquence sur leur dispersion et leurs impacts sanitaires. Dans le cadre de l'amélioration des outils de simulation de la dispersion atmosphérique de l’iode radioactif, ce travail vise à contribuer à l'état actuel des connaissances sur la chimie de l'iode par une approche expérimentale permettant la compréhension des processus d'interaction entre CH3I gazeux, les aérosols et l'eau.L'interaction entre CH3I et l'eau a été étudiée à l'échelle moléculaire par des expériences en matrice cryogénique appuyées par des calculs théoriques. Un excès d'eau en regard de CH3I, a été utilisé pour simuler les conditions atmosphériques. Les dimères et trimères de CH3I sont observés malgré la quantité élevée d'eau ainsi que la formation d’agrégats mixtes de CH3I et de polymères d’eau. Ceci peut s'expliquer par la faible affinité du CH3I pour l'eau. Dans l'atmosphère, CH3I et H2O gazeux formeront probablement des agrégats d'eau et des polymères de CH3I au lieu d'hétéro complexes de type (CH3I)m-(H2O)n. L'interaction entre CH3I et la glace amorphe en tant que modèle de glace atmosphérique a fait l'objet d'une étude préliminaire. L'adsorption de CH3I sur la glace amorphe et sa désorption complète au-delà de 47 K ont été observés.L'étude expérimentale des processus d’interactions entre CH3I et le NaCl sec et humide comme modèle des sels marins a été réalisée en utilisant la Spectroscopie Infrarouge à Transformée de Fourier par Réflexion Diffuse (DRIFTS). Les spectres DRIFTS de la surface de NaCl mettent en évidence CH3I adsorbé sur la surface de NaCl. Les spectres FTIR montrent de nouvelles bandes d’absorption, qui n’ont pas pu être clairement attribuées. Le processus d'adsorption de CH3I sur NaCl est probablement une chimisorption puisqu'aucune désorption n'a été observée. Nous avons démontré que l'adsorption du CH3I n’atteint pas la saturation même après 5 heures d’exposition. Ce processus présente une cinétique d’ordre 1 par rapport à la concentration de CH3I en phase gazeuse. Les coefficients d'absorption sont de l'ordre de 3 × 10-11, avec une énergie globale d'absorption de -39 kJ.mol-1. Ces résultats montrent une faible probabilité de capture des molécules de CH3I par la surface de NaCl. La présence d'eau à la surface de NaCl ne semble pas modifier l'interaction entre CH3I et NaCl, ce qui est cohérent avec sa faible affinité pour l'eau.Les interactions de CH3I avec divers solides inorganiques et organiques comme modèles pour les aérosols atmosphériques ont été étudiées à l’aide d’un réacteur statique couplé à la chromatographie en phase gazeuse permettant de suivre la phase gazeuse. Nous avons montré une faible interaction entre CH3I et les aérosols étudiés indiquant sa faible affinité pour les surfaces des aérosols quelle que soit leur composition. Nous émettons l'hypothèse que la teneur en eau en surface de l'aérosol est un paramètre clé. Ainsi, lorsqu'il est libéré dans l'atmosphère, CH3I interagit très peu avec la surface des aérosols et reste en phase gazeuse. Cependant, bien qu’en faible teneur, CH3I est irréversiblement adsorbé à la surface des sels d’halogénures, ce qui pourrait être pris en compte dans le modèle de dispersion pour en évaluer l’impactGaseous iodine I131 mainly under I2 or CH3I forms, when released into the atmosphere during a severe nuclear power plant accident may affect both human health and environment. The atmospheric dispersion models of iodine do not take into account the potential reactivity of iodine with atmospheric gas or particles species. However, the modification of the chemical speciation and/or the physical form of iodine compounds is not without consequences on the transport of iodine in the atmosphere and its health effects. Within the framework of improving the atmospheric dispersion tools of radioactive iodine, this work aims to contribute to the actual state of knowledge of atmospheric iodine chemistry by experimental approaches focusing on understanding the CH3I-aerosols and CH3I-water interaction processes.The interaction between CH3I and water at the molecular scale has been investigated using cryogenic matrix experiments supported by theoretical DFT calculations. A large excess of water regarding CH3I was used in order to mimic atmospheric conditions. Dimers and trimers of CH3I are observed despite the high water amount in the initial mixture together with mixed aggregates between CH3I and water polymers. This may be explained by the low affinity of CH3I with water. This result highlights that, in the atmosphere, gaseous CH3I and H2O will likely form aggregates of water and CH3I polymers instead of (CH3I)m-(H2O)n hetero complexes. Further, the interaction between CH3I and amorphous ice as a model of atmospheric ice have been preliminary investigated. The adsorption of CH3I on amorphous has been observed but with a complete desorption of CH3I above 47 K.Experimental study of interaction processes between gaseous iodine (CH3I) and both dry and wet NaCl as surrogate of sea salt aerosols has been carried out using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transformed Spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The DRIFTS spectra of NaCl surface clearly evidenced adsorbed CH3I on the NaCl surface particles. The FTIR spectra revealed new absorption bands that have been not clearly attributed. The adsorption process of CH3I on NaCl is likely a chemisorption since no desorption was observed. We have demonstrated that the adsorption of CH3I on NaCl did not reach saturation even after 5 hours of continuous flow of CH3I. CH3I capture at the NaCl surface presents a 1st order kinetics relative to its gas phase concentration. The uptake coefficients were determined to be in the order of 3 × 10-11, with a global adsorption energy of about -39 kJ.mol− 1. These results show a low probability of CH3I molecules to be captured by NaCl surface. The presence of water on the surface of NaCl seems to have no effect on the interaction between CH3I and NaCl, which is consistent with the low affinity of CH3I for water.The interactions of CH3I with various inorganic and organic powdered solids as models for atmospheric aerosols have been investigated using static reactor coupled with gas chromatography (GC) allowing the monitoring of the gas phase. We have highlighted a weak interaction between CH3I and inorganic and organic aerosols indicating a low affinity of CH3I whatever the aerosol surface composition. We hypothesis that the water content at the aerosol surface is a key parameter. So that, when released in the atmosphere, CH3I will interact very little with the surface of the aerosols and will stay in the gaseous phase. However, although in low content, a part of CH3I is irreversibly adsorbed on the surface of the halide salts that could be considered in the atmospheric iodine model to estimate potential impact
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Troitsyna, Larisa. "Approche semi-classique aux paramètres collisionnels de raies spectrales de CH3I pour applications atmosphériques et planétologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD061.
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La molécule d'iodure de méthyle CH3I est devenue récemment l'objet d'études spectroscopiques intenses en raison de son rôle dans la diminution de la couche d'ozone et de son danger pour la santé humaine au cas d'une émission accidentelle dans l’atmosphère. La bande fondamentale nu6 apparaît particulièrement adaptée à la détection atmosphérique de CH3I, car elle tombe dans la fenêtre de transparence à 11mu m. Cependant, les paramètres spectroscopiques actuellement disponibles pour CH3I perturbé par les principales espèces atmosphériques sont limités à quelques mesures extrêmement rares à température ambiante et manquent dans les bases de données spectroscopiques. Pour compléter / remplacer les données expérimentales manquantes, dans le cadre du Projet de Recherche International franco-russe SAMIA, les coefficients d'élargissement de raies pour les paires atmosphériques clés CH3I-CH3I, CH3I-N2, CH3I-O2, CH3I-air sont calculés de manière semi classique, avec l'utilisation du formalisme de Robert-Bonamy amélioré par des trajectoires exactes, dans de larges gammes de nombres quantiques rotationnels typiquement demandés par les bases de données (0 < J < 70, K < 20) et pour les six sous-branches RP, PP, RQ PQ, RR, PR de la bande nu6 ; leur dépendance vibrationnelle ainsi que les dépendances de sous-branche et en température (avec la loi exponentielle traditionnelle et la nouvelle loi "double-power" ) sont également abordées. Des arguments sont donnés pour justifier ce choix de la méthode facilement praticable face à ses modifications avancées mais moins en accord avec les mesures. Des comparaisons sont faites avec les mesures disponibles et des résultats semi empiriques alternatifs, indiquant l'importance du modèle de potentiel d'interaction, en particulier de sa partie isotrope pilotant les trajectoires, pour une description réaliste des largeurs de raies collisionnellesMethyl iodide molecule CH3I has come recently into focus of intense spectroscopic studies due to its role in the ozone layer depletion and its danger for human health in case of an accidental release in the atmosphere. For its atmospheric detection particularly suitable is the nu6 fundamental, which falls into the transparency window at 11 mu m. However, currently available spectroscopic line-shape parameters for CH3I perturbed by main atmospheric species are limited to some extremely scarce measurements at ambient temperature and are missing in spectroscopic databases. To supplement/replace the missing experimental data, in the frame of the French-Russian International Research Project SAMIA, room-temperature (296 K) line-broadening coefficients for the key atmospheric pairs CH3I-CH3I, CH3I-N2, CH3I-O2,CH3I-air are calculated semi-classically, with the use of the Robert-Bonamy formalism improved by exact trajectories, in wide ranges of rotational quantum numbers typically requested by databases (0 < J < 70, K < 20) and for all six sub-branches RP, PP, RQ PQ, RR, PR of the nu6 band; their vibrational dependence as well as sub-branch dependence and temperature dependence (with the traditional power and recently suggested double-power laws) are also addressed. Arguments are given to support this choice of the easily practicable method contrary to its advanced but less agreeing with measurements modifications. Comparisons are made with available measurements and alternative semi-empirical results, indicating the importance of the interaction potential model, in particular of its isotropic part governing the trajectories, for a realistic description of collisional line-widths
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Winkoun, Dominique. "Étude par coïncidences photoion-photoion de la formation et la dissociation d'ions moléculaires doublement chargés." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112163.
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La méthode PIPICO (photoion-photoion coïncidences) par l’utilisation conjointe du rayonnement synchrotron pour la formation d’ions moléculaires et des techniques de coïncidences ion-ion pour l’analyse des paramètres de la dissociation a permis de déterminer les énergies des états électroniques dissociatifs (ou rapidement prédissociés) d’ions moléculaires doublement chargés, et de mesurer les sections efficaces partielles de formation de ces états. L’identification des différentes voies de fragmentation de ces espèces doublement chargées et la mesure de l’énergie cinétique des fragments a permis d’autre part de réaliser des études d’état à état de la fragmentation de petites espèces polyatomiques (CH₄++, CO₂++, NH₃++, CH₃l++) au cours desquelles on détermine les états électroniques des ions parents et ceux des ions fragments. Dans le cas de CH₃l++, on a de plus étudié la fragmentation des ions doublement chargés produits par excitation résonnante d’un électron interne (4d) de l’atome d’iode. Une partie de cette thèse est consacrée au calcul (SCP) avec interaction de configuration des énergies des états électroniques d’ions doublement chargésThe PIPICO method (photoion-photoion coincidences) by use of synchrotron radiation for molecular ions formation and ion-ion coincidences techniques for the analysis of dissociation parameters allowed the determination of dissociative (or rapidly predissociated) electronic states of doubly charged molecular ions, and measurement of their formation cross sections. State to state studies of the fragmentation of small polyatomic species (CH₄++, CO₂++, NH₃++, CH₃l++). In which both the Initial state of the parent ion and the final states of the fragments are determined, were performed by measuring the kinetic energy of the fragments. Ln the case of CH₃l++ we also studied the fragmentation of doubly charged species following the resonant excitation of 4d inner shell electron of iodine. A part of this thesis is devoted to the SCF calculation with configuration interaction of the electronic energies of doubly charged species
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李兆燊 and Shiu-san Lee. "Pu Sung-ling's social criticism as reflected in 'Liao-chai chi-i'." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230647.
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Choi, Pyuck-Pa. "Untersuchungen zur Korngrenzensegregation in nanokristallinen Al-Cu- und Co-P-Legierungen mittels 3d-Atomsondentomographie." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2003/choi/choi.pdf.
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Chai, Jianfang. "Synthesis, structure and reactivity of manganese complexes supported by carbon or nitrogen donor ligands." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2004/chai/chai.pdf.
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Chuah, Chai Wen. "Key derivation function based on stream ciphers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/71025/1/Chai%20Wen_Chuah_Thesis.pdf.
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A key derivation function (KDF) is a function that transforms secret non-uniformly random source material together with some public strings into one or more cryptographic keys. These cryptographic keys are used with a cryptographic algorithm for protecting electronic data during both transmission over insecure channels and storage. In this thesis, we propose a new method for constructing a generic stream cipher based key derivation function. We show that our proposed key derivation function based on stream ciphers is secure if the under-lying stream cipher is secure. We simulate instances of this stream cipher based key derivation function using three eStream nalist: Trivium, Sosemanuk and Rabbit. The simulation results show these stream cipher based key derivation functions offer efficiency advantages over the more commonly used key derivation functions based on block ciphers and hash functions.
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Bossoutrot, Valérie. "Etudes cinétiques expérimentales et théoriques des réactions des intermédiaires CH3, CH3O, CH3SO avec NO2 en relation avec l'oxydation atmosphérique du sulfure de diméthyle (DMS)." Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE2030.
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Ce travail a consisté d'une part en une étude expérimentale et théorique de la réaction entre CH3SO et NO2 et de la décomposition thermique de CH3SO2, et d'autre part une étude expérimentale des réactions entre CH3 et CH3O et NO2. L'étude des réactions des intermédiaires soufrés visait à mieux connaître le mécanisme d'oxydation atmosphérique du DMS et à en préciser en particulier le rendement en SO2 dont dépend l'impact climatique du DMS. L'étude des réactions de CH3 et CH3O avec NO2 avait pour but de fournir des données nécessaires à la simulation des systèmes réactionnels utilisés pour l'étude des radicaux soufrés. Les constantes de vitesse des réactions entre CH3, CH3O et NO2 ont été déterminées par la méthode de photolyse laser pulsée couplée à la fluorescence induite par laser (FIL) des radicaux CH3O. Cette même méthode ainsi que celle du réacteur à écoulement couplé à l'analyse par spectrométrie de masse et par FIL (suivi de CH3O et SO2) ont été utilisées pour l'étude de la réaction CH3SO+NO2 et de la décomposition thermique de CH3SO2. L'étude théorique de ces réactions a été effectuée au laboratoire au moyen des méthodes de chimie quantique et RRKM. Notre étude des réactions de CH3 et CH3O avec NO2 a permis la détermination des valeurs limites basse pression et haute pression des constantes de vitesse. Ces résultats contribuent ainsi à décrire précisément la dépendance en pression de ces constantes de vitesse. Les constantes de vitesse de réaction CH3SO + NO2 et de la décomposition thermique de CH3SO2 à température ambiante ont été déterminées. La décomposition spontanée de l'intermédiaire CH3SO2 a été mis en évidence expérimentalement et confirmés par calculs (ab initio et RRKM). Ce travail conduit à proposer la décomposition spontanée de CH3SO2 comme nouvelle source de SO2 dans l'oxydation atmosphérique du DMS. De tels résultats supportent ainsi l'hypothèse CLAW sur le rôle régulateur potentiel du DMS dans le climat.
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Lissner, Patricia Ann. "Chi-thinking." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7687.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: English Language and Literature. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Stövhase, Dorit. "Stressbewältigung durch Qigong : theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zur Stressbewältigung und Qigong-Übungspraxis /." Immenhausen bei Kassel : Prolog Verlag, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2842435&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Stoevhase, Dorit. "Stressbewältigung durch Qigong theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zur Stressbewältigung und Qigong-Übungspraxis." Immenhausen bei Kassel Prolog-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2842435&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Gao, Shan. "The Beauty of Nature As a Foundation for Environmental Ethics: China and the West." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115080/.
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My dissertation aims at constructing an environmental ethics theory based on environmental aesthetics in order to advocate and promote environmentally sustainable practices, policies, and lifestyles. I attempt to construct an integrated environmental aesthetics in order to inspire people’s feelings of love towards nature and motivate them to protect it. In order to achieve this goal, I first examine the philosophical understanding and aesthetic appreciation of nature from philosophical traditions of China, which have an impact on the general public’s attitude towards nature. in chapter one of my dissertation, I point out that nature is viewed as an organic system which is always in a self-generating process of production and reproduction of life. the metaphysical foundation for this perspective of nature is ch’i. Therefore the aesthetic appreciation of nature in China is also the aesthetic appreciation of ch’i. with regard to the concept of ch’i, I focus on the following three questions: (1) what are the objective and aesthetic features of ch’i? (2) How do the Chinese appreciate aesthetic features of ch’i? (3) Why the objective features of ch’i are regarded as the objects of aesthetic appreciation? I argue that the Chinese appreciate the aesthetic features of ch’i by using intellectual intuition and that empathy is the reason why the objective features of ch’i are considered to be aesthetic features. in Chapter 2, I explain in detail the two aesthetic categories for aesthetic appreciation of nature in two major philosophical schools in China: emptiness and creativity. in Chapter 3, I examine the philosophical foundations for aesthetic appreciation of nature in the West. I first investigate the influence of traditional Western philosophy on the perceptions of nature. I argue that traditional Western philosophical thinking doesn’t support aesthetic appreciation of nature. I point out that aesthetic appreciation of nature started from eighteenth century in the West. I examine Kant’s aesthetic categories of beauty and sublime in his appreciation of nature. in contemporary world, I focus on the Allen Carlson’s positive aesthetics and Arnold Berleant’s engagement model to appreciate the beauty of environment. in Chapter 4, I evaluate the theories of aesthetic appreciation of nature in the West and China and attempt to construct an integrated theory of aesthetic appreciation of nature. the key point of this theory is to establish a caring relationship with nature based on aesthetic appreciation of nature and active participation in the beauty of it. This relationship will motivate people to protect nature and also contribute to human happiness.
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湯健 and Kin Patrick Tong. "Revitalization of Tung Choi Street." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986055.
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潘慧貞 and Wai-ching Christina Poon. "Design Centre in Wan Chai." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984800.
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Poon, Wai-ching Christina. "Design Centre in Wan Chai." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25947734.
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Law, Ka-ping. "The effects of Tai Chi on balance, affects, subjective well-being, perceived health status, and self-efficiacy of people with severe mental illness /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3678588X.
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Achaica, Santos Angelica, Huamanchumo Jackeline Liz Arce, Salcedo Angel De Jesús Calle, Huamán Rocio del Pilar Silva, and Xiuwen Zhou. "Hao Hao Chi." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654898.
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El trabajo realizado presenta un modelo de negocio que pertenece a la industria de alimentos y bebidas, y se dedicará a la producción y comercialización de bocaditos chinos congelados y empaquetados al vacío en el departamento de Lima, Perú. Mediante la recopilación de información obtenida del análisis PESTEL, se determinó la situación actual de los factores Macroentorno del país para estar preparados ante situaciones inusuales. Asimismo, se consideró relevante el estudio de las cinco fuerzas de Porter para abordar los factores de Microentorno que tiene relación con la industria que deseamos ingresar, esta fase permite conocer el comportamiento y el poder de negociación de ciertos factores como los clientes, proveedores y la competencia. Además, se hizo un estudio minucioso del mercado con entrevistas a profundidad y encuestas al consumidor final, dueños o colaboradores de los restaurantes chifas y otros negocios similares, a fin de definir la idea de negocio y las verdaderas necesidades de nuestro público objetivo para dar el enfoque correcto y tomar las decisiones empresariales más adecuadas.
Toda actividad relacionada con la producción, tales como: la elaboración, conservación, distribución e inversión de activos, son analizados en relación a la demanda y según la capacidad proyectada del establecimiento, por ende, el sabor, la calidad y presentación de los bocaditos serán producidos según las exigencias del público objetivo.The work carried out presents a business model that belongs to the food and beverage industry, and will be dedicated to the production and marketing of frozen and vacuum-packed Chinese snacks in the department of Lima, Peru. Through the compilation of information obtained from the PESTEL analysis, the current situation of the country's Macroenvironment factors was determined to be prepared for unusual situations. Likewise, the study of Porter's five forces was considered relevant to address the Microenvironment factors that are related to the industry we wish to enter, this phase allows knowing the behavior and bargaining power of certain factors such as customers, suppliers and the competition. In addition, a thorough study of the market was carried out with in-depth interviews and surveys of the final consumer, owners or collaborators of chifas restaurants and other similar businesses, in order to define the business idea and the true needs of our target audience to give the correct approach and make the most appropriate business decisions. All activities related to production, such as: the preparation, conservation, distribution and investment of assets, are analyzed in relation to demand and according to the projected capacity of the establishment, therefore, the taste, quality and presentation of the snacks will be produced according to the demands of the target audience.
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Akin, Ilina V. "Measurement Of The Cross Section Ratio Chi-c2/chi-c1 For Prompt Chi-c Production With Cms Experiment." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614979/index.pdf.
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The prompt production of &chic quarkonia is studied in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV, using data collected by CMS in 2011 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb &minus
1. The &chi
c mesons are reconstructed through their radiative decays to J/&psi
and photon with J/&psi
&rarr
&mu
+&mu
&minus
. The photons are reconstructed through their conversion in electron-positron pairs in the tracking detector which gives a mass resolution sufficient for resolving these states. The ratio of the prompt production cross sections for the &chi
c1 and &chi
c2 states, &sigma
(&chi
c2)/&sigma
(&chi
c1), has been determined as a function of the J/&psi
transverse momentum between 7 and 25 GeV/c.
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Heise, Thomas. "Qigong und Maltherapie Komplementärtherapien Psychosekranker." Berlin VWB, Verl. für Wiss. und Bildung, 2000. http://d-nb.info/995051097/04.
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Mok, Chi-kit. "A study of the transport needs for medical services of patients at the Yan Chai Hospital." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25700595.
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Chen, Ming-Chu. "Knickpoint retreat and fluvial incision following the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: Da-An River gorge, Taiwan." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34810.
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The lower Da-An River in western Taiwan was uplifted ~10 during the 1999 Mw 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake, resulting in a 20- to 30-m-deep bedrock gorge. However, the amount of coseismic displacement along the channel bed does not fully explain the resulting bedrock channel incision. Using a series of aerial photographs, digital terrain models (DEM), and real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK GPS) surveys, we characterized knickpoint retreat and fluvial incision in the Da-An River gorge. We also analyzed discharge and precipitation data and collected measurements of rock strength and joint plane orientations to understand the climatic, lithological, and structural influence on the evolution of the actively incising gorge. Two stages of fluvial incision and knickpoint migration are identified in the gorge following surface uplift during the Chi-Chi earthquake. From 1999 to 2004, 3 to 5 m of alluvium was removed from the channel bed, followed by 3 to 4 m of bedrock channel incision. The knickpoint generated immediately after the earthquake stayed where the uplift occurred at this time. Since 2005, the channel bed has lowered rapidly with local incision rate as high as 15 m/yr in terms of knickpoint migration. The average knickpoint migration rate over the period 2005 to 2009 was 238 m/yr; total upstream migration from the location of knickpoint formation was 1190 m. While tectonic uplift formed the knickpoint and set the stage for channel incision, climate played a critical role in accelerating the fluvial response to coseismic displacement. More than 20 m of bedrock channel incision and 1180 m knickpoint migration occurred during the post-2004 typhoon seasons (May-October). Based on repeat surveys of the Da-An River longitudinal profile and analysis of precipitation and discharge data, we suggest that a discharge threshold of 1200 to 2600 m³/s is required to initiate upstream knickpoint migration. However, once the threshold is exceeded, bedding dip becomes the primary control on rates and patterns of knickpoint propagation. Rotation occurred in a hinge zone where the bedding dips change from horizontal to upstream-dipping, while replacement was observed in the strata dipping upstream. The highest knickpoint migration rates (> 300 m/yr) were recorded in flat-lying, horizontal strata (< 10º) where parallel retreat was the dominate process. Overall, the knickpoint propagation followed the process of replacement behavior, in which the height of knickpoint decreases while migrating upstream. Thus, while tectonic processes set the initial conditions for knickpoint propagation in the Da-An River, the response time of the fluvial system to this forcing is strongly dependent on climate and local structure.
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Leung, Ho-chuen Henry. "Green pathway : reconnecting Wan Chai local fabric /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34608989.
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Leung, Ho-chuen Henry, and 梁浩存. "Green pathway: reconnecting Wan Chai local fabric." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009570.
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Borghese, Domenica. "A prática do Tai-Chi como nova fronteira terapêutica da fisioterapia na melhoria da capacidade funcional do idoso: uma revisão bibliográfica." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5668.
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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaIntrodução: No idoso, a capacidade física e funcional vai sofrendo um declínio/mutações físicas e mentais, levando à perda gradual da independência e a uma diminuição da qualidade de vida. O Tai-Chi sendo um tipo de exercício suave e lento, caracterizado por movimentos harmoniosos e graduais, em que a intensidade pode ser regulada pelas exigências específicas de cada individuo, é considerado como uma atividade adequada a todas as idades e benéfica na prevenção do declínio dos sistemas mais atingidos no envelhecimento, bem como o sistema vestibular, visual e somatosensorial. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos terapêuticos do Tai-Chi no desempenho funcional do idoso e constatar como a prática desta disciplina pode ser utilizada como técnica complementar em Fisioterapia. Metodologia: Pesquisa computorizada na base de dados PubMed, e PEDro, para identificar estudos que relativos aos benefícios ligados a prática de Tai-Chi no idoso. A classificação de todos os artigos foi pesquisada através da plataforma e escala de PEDro, analisando cada critério. Resultados: Foram selecionados 8 artigos, com um total de 2.276 participantes com idades superiores a 60 anos, obtendo uma média de 4.25 na escala de PEDro. Os resultados dos diversos estudos demonstraram como a prática de diferentes estilos de Tai- Chi pelos idosos pode melhorar significativamente as suas ações motoras. Conclusão: A prática do Tai- Chi leva a um aumento da estabilidade postural, melhoria do controlo de equilíbrio, proprioceção, e qualidade da marcha do idoso, capacidades determinantes na diminuição das quedas prejudiciais deste. Sugere-se, de futuro, a realização de mais estudos experimentais que reforcem estas evidências, tanto na ação preventiva como na ação terapêutica do Tai-chi no idoso.
Introduction: In the elderly, physical and functional capacity will suffer a decline / physical and mental changes, leading to the gradual loss of independence and a decreased quality of life. Tai Chi is a type of soft and slow exercise, characterized by smooth and gradual movements, in which the intensity may be governed by the specific requirements of each individual, is considered as an appropriate activity for all ages and beneficent in preventing the decline of the most affected systems during aging , as well as the vestibular system, visual and somatosensory. Objective: analyze the therapeutic effects of Tai Chi on functional performance in elderly and see how the practice of this discipline can be used as a complementary technique in physiotherapy. Methodology: computerized search in PubMed database, and PEDro to identify studies on the benefits linked to the practice of Tai-Chi in the elderly. Classification of all articles was screened by the platform and PEDro scale, analyzing each criteria. Results: 8 articles were selected, with a total of 2,276 participants aged over 60 years, reaching an average of 4.25 on a scale of PEDro. The results of several studies demonstrated how the practice of different styles of Tai Chi by the elderly can significantly improve their motor actions. Conclusion: The practice of Tai Chi leads to increased postural stability, improve equilibration control, proprioception, and elderly gait quality, determinants capacities in reducing damaging declines of this. It is suggested that, in future, the realization of more experimental studies that reinforce this evidence, in preventive action and in therapeutic action of Tai-chi in the elderly.
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Mayer, Almut. "Yōmeigaku im Japan der frühen Meiji-Zeit Yamada Hōkoku (1805-1877) /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9502175.
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黃雅苓. "Comparison of Infrared Spectra of CH3I with CH3F in Solid para-Hydrogen." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36274586865469413107.
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CHEN, YOU-LI, and 陳佑禮. "Studies of Excited Iodine Atoms from Photodissociations of CH3I." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78951122349266841592.
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Wu, Yen-tien, and 吳彥典. "Studies of Excited Iodine Atoms from Photodissociations of CH3I." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35771774760507903004.
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碩士國立中山大學
化學系研究所
92
Methyl iodide photolysis has drawn considerable attention over the past years as an “instantaneous” pseudo-linear dissociation that may be described by a two dimensional potential energy surface. Single photon excitation in methyl iodide results in a direct rupture of the C-I bound, and the dissociation occurs in 〜0.1 ps. The Ã-band photodissocation of methyl iodide yields ground state methyl radicals [CH3 X(2A2˝)] and either ground state iodine atoms [(2P3/2)I≡I] or spin-orbit excited iodine atoms [(2P1/2)I≡I*] . In the present work, we used the IR emission technique to study the kinetics of CH3I photolysis. The intensity of 1.315 μm infrared fluorescence from I* (2P1/2) is detected and analyzed. We have studied the influences on I* emissions by a variety of quenchers. Their roles in additional reactions and the quenching mechanism were reported.
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chen, chih-cheng, and 陳志成. "Thermo- and Photochemistry of CH3I on Ag/TiO2(110) Surface." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23567595367665419488.
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碩士國立成功大學
化學系
88
[Abstract] The thermal reactions and photochemistry of monolayer methyl iodide (CH3I) on silver covered TiO2(110) surface have been studied by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photon irradiation and surface heating result in dissociation of CH3I on Ag/TiO2(110). CH3I desorbs molecularly at Tp = 202 K in TPD study, but with significant fraction (~62 %) dissociating between 130 and 200 K to yield adsorbed I and CH3. The CH3(a) recombine to form C2H6 which desorbs above 270 K with Tp = 288 K. Irradiation of CH3I/Ag/TiO2(110) at cryogenic temperatures results in dissociation and desorption of CH3I. The cross sections for CH3I dissociation and desorption are measured at 251,290,312, 364,403,and 546 nm and are wavelength dependent. While photodissociation is the major mechanism for CH3I depletion after irradiation at longer wavelengths, the nonthermal photodesorption of molecular CH3I becomes the major process at wavelengths below 312 nm. Desorption of CH3 photodissociation fragment is evident. Postirradiation TPD study shows the formation of C2H6 and (CH3)2O. Possible mechanisms for the present thermo- and photochemistry of CH3I on Ag/TiO2(110) are discussed and compared to that on Ag(111)and TiO2(110) surfaces.
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Ren, Gu-Wei, and 任顧維. "FT-IR Study of Photooxidation of CH3I on Hydrothermal-prepared TiO2 and TiO2-SiO2." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qjnwm9.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
94
The purpose of this thesis is the study of photooxidation of methyl iodie (CH3I) on TiO2 (part I) and SiO2-TiO2 (part II) using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. By in-situ monitoring the decrease of CH3I signal and the increase of reaction products, the decomposition efficiency and reaction mechanisms on TiO2-based photocatalysts can be obtained. The nano TiO2 particles employed in part I are prepared by sol-hydrothermal technique with (porous TiO2) and without the interference of SiO2. Most of the CH3I decomposed in the first 4 hours and then its decomposition rates decreased gradually. The product is dependent on the pretreatment of TiO2 sample. With heat treatment, the major products are CH3OH、CO2(g)、HCOOH(a)、CH3OCH3(g) and CH2O(g). Without heat treatment, however, no HCOOH can be observed. The reaction of HT5 TiO2 though heat treatment before photooxdation presented its major products were not inclusive of CH3OCH3, and had relatively high quantity of HCOOH and relatively low quantity of CH2O. Compared with the reaction without heat treatment, its photocatalytic activity is better to decompose CH3I. The time of entire decomposition of CH3I of HT5 TiO2 processing heat treatment was about 20 hours, and the one without heat traetment decomposed CH3I completely using around 30 hours. It is concluded that the decomposion rates of CH3I were solely dependent on the specific surface area of TiO2. For the reaction on SiO2-TiO2 samples (part II), similar major products (CH3OH、CO2(g)、HCOOH(a)、CH3OCH3(g) and CH2O(g)) were found. The photooxidation efficiency can be enhanced by low quantity of mixed SiO2. However, excessive SiO2 decreases the photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of methyl iodide. Possible reaction mechanism is proposed and discussed in the thesis.
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Lee, Yu-Fang, and 李俞範. "Infrared Absorption of CH3SO2 Observed upon Irradiation of a p-H2 Matrix Containing CH3I and SO2." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57324526679957788792.
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碩士國立交通大學
應用化學系分子科學碩博士班
99
Irradiation with a mercury lamp at 254 nm of a p-H2 matrix containing CH3I and SO2 at 3.2 K, followed by annealing of the matrix, produced prominent features at 633.8, 917.5, 1071.1 (1072.2), 1272.5 (1273.0, 1273.6), and 1416.0 cm−1, attributable to ν11 (C−S stretching), ν10 (CH3 wagging), ν8 (SO2 symmetric stretching), ν7 (SO2 antisymmetric stretching), and ν4 (CH2 scissoring) modes of methylsulfonyl radical (CH3SO2), respectively; lines listed in parentheses are weaker lines likely associated with species in a different matrix environment. Further irradiation at 365 nm diminishes these features and produced SO2 and CH3. Additional features at 1150.1 and 1353.1 (1352.7) cm−1 are tentatively assigned to the SO2 symmetric and antisymmetric stretching modes of ISO2. These assignments are based on comparison of observed vibrational wavenumbers and 18O- and 34S-isotopic shifts with those predicted with the B3P86 method. Our results agree with the previous report of transient IR absorption bands of gaseous CH3SO2 at 1280 and 1076 cm−1. These results demonstrate that the cage effect of solid p-H2 is diminished so that CH3 radicals, produced via UV photodissociation of CH3I in situ, might react with SO2 to form CH3SO2 during irradiation and upon annealing. Observation of CH3SO2 but not CH3OSO is consistent with the theoretical predictions that only the former reactions proceed via a barrierless path.
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廖啟宏. "The thermal-and photo-chemistry of CH3I on Ag covered TiO2 powder:from experimental set-up to preliminary study." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63126581403069297701.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
89
Both TiO2 and metal modified TiO2 powders show good activity in the heterogeneous photo catalytic reaction in which organic compounds are oxidized and decomposed into small fragments. In this work, a vacuum system is designed and constructed to combine with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) spectrometer for future investigation of photochemistry of volatile organic molecules with TiO2 and Ag/TiO2. We have used iodomethane as a model compound to verify the feasibility of this system.
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Chen, Li-Fan, and 陳立凡. "Set-up of ESCA System and In Situ Observation of the Reactions of CH3I on Sol-Gel Prepared TiO2 Particles by FTIR." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67563547633200829820.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
92
This thesis is composed of two major parts. The first part is to construct an Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) system. The second part is to perform the in-situ study of the photo reactions of methyl iodide on sol-gel prepared TiO2 particles by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis system is one of the most important instruments for surface analysis. It includes an ultra high vacuum (UHV) system, a sputtering ion gun for surface cleaning, a flood gun for neutralizing the sample charged after X-ray source irradiated, an X-Ray gun and a Centric Hemisphere Analyzer (CHA) for electron energy analysis. The ultra high vacuum optimal pressure after baking is＜6.5×10-11 torr. This system is now ready for public service. The photo catalytic reaction of methyl iodide on TiO2 nanoparticles from titanium alkoxide via sol-gel technique was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The TiO2 was characterized by XRD, ESCA, BET, and TEM. In the presence of oxygen, the methyl iodide decomposed to form CO2(g) and CH2O(g) after UV irradiation. In thermal reaction, no signification reaction was observed at temperatures below 373 K. At temperatures above 523 K, the methyl iodide was oxidized to form CO2(g) which is the major product. Small amount of CO(g) was also formed.
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Zheng, Shu Wen, and 鄭淑文. "Chi Ho Chai Classic Literary Works Research --Just Include Historical Criticism Classic Literary Works." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35343774572713352296.
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Hsin-Yun, Wang, and 王馨雲. "A Study on Chinese Operas Adapted from “Liao-Chai Chi-I”in the Ching Dynasty." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4q4r4r.
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碩士東吳大學
中國文學系
92
There is a close connection between Chinese novels and Chinese operas in the development of literature and art in China. The fascinating stories in “Liao-Chai Chi-I” (Strange Stories from the Leisure Studio) have become a primary source for playwriting, which is a distinct feature of Chinese operas in the Ching Dynasty. The study aims to analyze 14 Chinese operas adapted from “Liao-Chai Chi-I.” First, a brief introduction to the history of Chinese operas in the Ching Dynasty will be discussed, as well as the backgrounds of the eight playwrights introduced in the study. Then, acting, scenes, movements, songs, dialogues, costumes, and stage effects in the operas adapted from “Liao-Chai Chi-I” will be examined. Finally, the presentation of stories, characterization, motifs, and the use of language between the based-on-novel operas and “Liao-Chai Chi-I” will be investigated. It is hoped that, by examining the operas in detail, the achievements, effects, and statuses of the based-on-Liao-Chai operas can be clearly presented.
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Lin, I–Sheng, and 林義昇. "The Investigation of Travel Motivation, Environment Awareness and Willingness of Revisiting─A Case Study of Choi-Chai Wetland Park." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58018671533055472493.
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碩士國立臺東大學
體育教學碩士在職專班
101
The purposes of this study were: (I) to investigate differences among visitors’ travel motivation, environment awareness and willingness of revisiting at Chou-Chai Wetland Park in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; (II) to understand relationships among travel motivation, environment awareness and willingness of revisiting; (III) to explore and, in the last analysis, to make a prediction of travel motivation, environment awareness and willingness of revisiting. There were 341 questionnaires collected, and the author employed methods of descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product correlation and multiple regression analysis as analysis instruments. The concluded results were as followed: (I) There were significant differences in travel motivation among the variables of visitors’ ages, professions, income, marital status, participation of ecological societies and guided tour services. (II) There also existed considerable differences in environment awareness and willingness of revisiting among the variables of ages, levels of education, professions, income, marital status, participation times, participation of ecological societies and guided tour services. (III) There was an obvious positive correlation among each travel motivation, environment awareness and willingness of revisiting, where the correlation between “eco-professional knowledge” and “willingness of revisiting” in travel motivation was the highest; the positive correlation among “environment interpretation”, “environment affection”, “environment perception” and “environment evaluation” in environment awareness and in “willingness of revisiting” was medium. (IV) “Eco-professional knowledge” in travel motivation, and “environment affection”, “environment perception” and “environment evaluation” in terms of environment awareness could be predicted evidently in willingness of revisiting.
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Ming, Hui Chou, and 周明慧. "Chai Ku and Chai Tang." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60325963212427351732.
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Choi, In-Hoe. "Ethische Fragen im Zusammenhang mit Organtransplantationen." Doctoral thesis, 1998. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/1998/choi/inhalt.htm.
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Choi-Yim, Haein. "Synthesis and characterization of bulk metallic glass matrix composities." Thesis, 1999. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/542/1/Choi-yim_h_1999.pdf.
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NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.
Composites with a bulk metallic glass matrix are synthesized and characterized. This was made possible by the recent development of bulk metallic glasses that exhibit high resistance to crystallization in the undercooled liquid state. In this thesis, experimental methods for processing metallic glass composites are introduced. Three different bulk metallic glass (BMG) forming alloys were used as the matrix materials. Ceramics such as SiC, WC, or TiC, and metals W or Ta were introduced as reinforcement into the metallic glass.
Structure, microstructure and thermal stability of the composites are studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The metallic glass matrix remained amorphous after adding up to 30 percent volume fraction of particles or short wires. X-ray diffraction patterns of the composites show only peaks from the second phase particles superimposed on the broad diffuse maxima from the amorphous phase. Optical micrographs reveal uniformly distributed particles in the matrix. The thermal stability of the matrix did not deteriorate after adding the particles. In the case of SiC, the matrix becomes even more robust with respect to crystallization.
The reactions at the interfaces between the matrix and the different reinforcing materials are investigated with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron microprobe. At the interfaces between the matrix and the WC or SiC particles, ZrC layers foiled. W and Si diffused into the matrix, repectively. At the interface between W and the matrix, a thin layer of nanocrystals is observed after cooling the liquid/particulate mixture.
The mechanical properties of the composites are studied in compression and tension. Compressive strain to failure increased by over 300% compared to the unreinforced [...] and the energy to fracture of the tensile samples increased by over 50% adding 15 vol. % W.
The effect of silicon on the glass forming ability of [...] bulk metallic glass during composite processing is studied. Composites of the [...] bulk metallic glass, reinforced with up to 30 vol. % SiC particles are synthesized. During processing of the composites, a TiC layer forms around the SiC particles and Si diffuses into the [...] matrix stabilizing the supercooled liquid against crystallization. The small Si addition between 0.5 and 1 at. % increases the attainable maximum thickness of glassy ingots from 4mm for Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloy to 7mm for Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni-Si alloys. DSC analyses show that neither the thermodynamics nor the kinetics of the alloy is significantly affected by the Si addition. This suggests that Si enhances the glass forming ability by chemically passivating impurities such as oxygen and carbon that cause heterogeneous nucleation in the melt.
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Tseng, Kai-yi, and 曾凱怡. "A research on the narrative art of vixen fairy tale in Lao-chai-chih-I and Yueh-wei-iso-tang-pi-chi." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94606248911774371129.
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Liao, Hsuan-Wu, and 廖軒吾. "Landslides Triggered by Chi-Chi Earthquake." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39880880911363995001.
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碩士國立中央大學
地球物理研究所
88
Landslides Triggered by Chi-Chi Earthquake Hsuan Wu Liao Abstract A large number of landslides were triggered by the Chi-Chi Earthquake (ML 7.3) on 21 September 1999. These landslides have been mapped from satellite images in this study. By using GIS (Geographic Information System) as a tool, we can construct a GIS table of landslides triggered by the earthquake and analyze their characteristics, including types, distribution, areas and numbers, …etc. The distribution and areas of landslides have been compared with the distance from the earthquake foci, rock types, faults, roads, rivers, hill slopes and slope directions. There were 9272 landslides occurred during earthquake shaking within the area greater than 625 square meters and total area of landslides is 127.8 square kilometers. There were 8843 landslides located within the area of PGA value 250gal and above. These landslides were distributed in an ellipse-shaped region with the major axis striking NNE, coinciding with the trend of regional faults. Statistics shows the following results: (1) Landslides almost located within the area that PGA greater than 250gal, especially within the area that PGA greater than 300gal. (2) A lot of landslides occurred within 20Km from the fault rupture plane. The longest distance from the rupture plane located at the interval of 60 to 70 Km. (3) the Toukoshan Formation, The Chinsui Shale and the Tachien Sandstone were more easily influenced by the earthquake shaking, especially at Huoyenshan Facies. (4) slopes with inclination larger than 100% involves more landslides. (5) At the hanging wall, most slopes collapsed at S and SE facing. At the foot wall, most slopes collapsed at S , SE and SW facing, whereas slopes facing to other directions were not so seriously damaged. It shows that the main movement of Chi-Chi earthquake is from SE to NW.
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Choi, Yanglim. "(3,1)-Surfaces via Branched Surfaces." Thesis, 1998. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/13586/1/choi-y-1998.pdf.
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Loosely speaking, a (n,1)-surface is a very nicely immersed π₁-injective surface in a 3-manifold. Its concept was born around 1981 by Peter Scott in his work on Seifet fibered spaces. It has been shown that if a 3-manifold M contains a (4,1)-surface, then its universal cover is R³ and π₁(M) determines M up to homeomorphism. Homotopic homeomorphisms are isotopic on a 3-manifold containing a (3,1)-surface. On the other hand, some class of 3-manifolds, such as manifolds with nonpositive cubing, by Aitchison and Rubinstein, are known to contain (4,1)-surfaces. One natural question, then, is how 'big' is the set of 3-manifolds with (4,1)-surfaces in the set of all 3-manifolds. Similar question for embedded π₁-injective surfaces, called incompressible surfaces, has been answered in a work of Floyd and Oertel around 1980. They showed th a t the set of incompressible surfaces in a 3-manifold is carried by a finite number of branched surfaces. Combining this with a theorem of Hatcher, one can reasonably argue that 3-manifolds containing incompressible surfaces, called Haken manifolds, are scarce. In this paper we prove a similar result in the context of (3,1)-surfaces and non Haken 3-manifolds.
Theorem 1 If M is a non Haken 3-manifold, then the set o f (3,1)-surfaces in M are embeddedly carried by a finite number of branched surfaces.
'Embeddedly carried' is a precise generalization of 'carried' in the context of immersed surfaces. Careful examination of when the theorem is not true will lead one to obtain a sequence of least area embedded disks in M that limits to an essential measured lamination of M. Such lamination always approximates an incompressible surface in M . In some cases euler characteristic of the lamination is zero, hence M has an essential torus. We strongly suspect this is actually true in all cases. We hope that this method generalizes to the context of (4,1)-surfaces in any 3-manifold. This would establish some kind of finiteness property for (4,1)-surfaces in a 3-manifold, as in the case of incompressible surfaces.
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CHUNG, LAI LI, and 賴立中. "Failure Analysis of Chi-Lu Cable Bridge in 921-Chi-Chi Earthquake." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41697518362405843810.
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Kao, Min-Hsuan, and 高敏軒. "A Research of Chi-Chi''s Fictions." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66922161267124604231.
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Chou, Wei-Te, and 周煒得. "Infrared absorption of CH3O observed upon irradiation of CH3O in p-H2 matrix." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81742685767580240159.
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Hsiao, Hong-Yang, and 蕭宏洋. "Chi-Chi Field-Measured Earthquake Data Visualization System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w9fw64.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
資訊工程系研究所
98
Four hundred forty-six observation recorded data of Chi-Chi earthquake were obtained. Because of the huge amount of seismic data, it becomes difficult to analysis. This study uses computer graphics techniques to implement the Chi-Chi earthquake visualization system. The goal is to help scientist better understand. Through the visual analysis, we clearly observe the energy release. It provides important information for disaster prevention. We used GMT to generate a series of energy map. We found that the energy distribution was different under different geology condition. Visual technique transforms values into graphs. It reduces time on analysis research, it also provide helpful information for scientists and seismologists. It offers useful information for disaster prevention.
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Tseng, Chen-Jung, and 曾振榮. "The Museum of Chi-Chi and Train Station." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60891987943157742049.
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碩士東海大學
建築研究所
86
INTRIDUCTION Try another aspect to explore the new spacial model in order to distinguish the tranditional museum design. FIRST:THE CONCEPT OF ECOMUSEUM PLANNING The new design concept of the Museum of Chi-Chi and Train Station is similar to the Ecomuseum, which is to conbinate its own natural, historical and visiting resourses. SECOND:THE SPECIAL DESIGN OF DISPLAY--BASED ON THE HISTORY OF REGION TO DEVELOP A NEW TYPE OF DESIGN SOURSE. THIRD:THE CONFIGUATION-THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MUSEUM AND NATURE Try a new manipulation to combine the configuation of the Museum and Nature. Three major topics : 1IN GENERAL : Attempting to manipulate several coherent factors in Chi-Chi, such as the nature surrounding and the process of regional development. 2.IN CONTEXTUAL : To maintain the "EXTENSIVE" quality in the area of Train Station. 3.TO CONVEY THE IMAGE OF SPACE : To convey the tranditional spacial idea to the new generation.-1 -aThe Museum of Chi-Chi and Train Station
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Lin, Shu-Hsing, and 林淑幸. "Chi-Yun." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14957222543420764633.
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yi-ching, chen, and 陳怡靜. "Body Perspectives of Tai Chi from the thoughts of Tai Chi and Tai Chi Chuan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87062703019805484459.
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碩士國立臺灣體育學院
體育研究所
90
Recently, there is a trend toward “Eastern Body” in the world of arts. Many predecessors found their inspiration from Tai Chi Chuan, Qi Kung, Yoga, and meditation. Because of the great interests in this trend, body exploration, and practice in Tai Chi Chuan and dancing, the author constructed this article for those who work with and communicate with their own bodies. As proposed above, this study tried to build up “the Body Perspectives of Tai Chi” In the thought of Tai Chi, theories on discrimination of Yin-Yang, interactions among five elements, and manifestations of eight trigrams（Ba-Kua）were adopted for observing the relationship between body and environment. On the other hand, operation and symptoms appeared in the body were discussed with the aspects of Qi, motor principles, effort analysis, and practice methods in Chuan.As a result, combining these two major frames, the whole construction of “the Body Perspectives of Tai Chi” was developed. Hermeneutics and reference analysis were chosen for study methods. The core stand is “Tai Chi- Body” introduced by traditional Chinese Taoists, Chinese medicine doctors, and Tai Chi Chuan experts. Additional statements were reviewed from Qi Kung, Somatics, Eastern Body culturology, the trend toward Eastern Body in Dancing.