Journal articles on the topic 'CH documentation'
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Pamart, A., R. Roussel, E. Hubert, A. Colombini, R. Saleri, E. M. Mouaddib, Y. Castro, G. Le Goïc, and A. Mansouri. "A SEMANTICALLY ENRICHED MULTIMODAL IMAGING APPROACH DEDICATED TO CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION STUDIES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-415-2022.
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Abstract. For the past decades, Cultural Heritage (CH) is commonly documented by digital-based imaging and analytical techniques. This documentation is used as a support by heritage scientists to study and help the preservation of CH objects. Multiple techniques or modalities are usually required and applied to complete the documentation and the possible diagnostic from it. In this paper we explored multimodal imaging strategies to survey, analyse and share semantically enriched digital replicas. Three challenging case-studies from the SUMUM research project aims to illustrate efficient multi-source approaches in multi-scalar, multi-temporal and multi-spectral contexts. From multimodal data acquisitions, a photogrammetric-based registration method (TACO) has been developed in order to exploit a 2D/3D semantic annotation process implemented into a CH oriented collaborative web platform (AIOLI). In the exemples showed, the structure and the content of the annotations work is based from condition reports provided by conservation and restoration experts. To this end, all the documentation gathered on CH objects are either directly merged by image based registration while complementary analysis can be spatially anchored to annotations as linked resources. The dissemination part is explored by built-in AIOLI’s collaborative features or external Potree-based viewer, to enhance the accessibility of the final 3D annotated scenes for further expertises or wide-public events and purposes.
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Ramos, M. M., and F. Remondino. "Data fusion in Cultural Heritage – A Review." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 13, 2015): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-359-2015.
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Geometric documentation is one of the most important task of the Cultural Heritage (CH) conservation and management policies. 3D documentation, prior to any conservation and restoration works, is considered a basic pre-requisite for preserving, understanding, communicating and valorizing CH sites and objects (London Charter, 2009; Sevilla Principles, 2011). <br><br> 3D models have become the usual way of digitally preserving, communicating, explaining and disseminat ing cultural knowledge, as they have the capability of reproducing ancient states and behaviors. Using photo-realistic and accurate 3D models, the current conservation state can be shown and preserve for future generations. But despite the large request of 3D models in the CH field, there is no 3D documentation method which can properly satisfy all the areas with their requirements, therefore a fusion methodology (of data and sensors) is normally required and performed. The paper analyzes the fusion concept and levels as well as some merging approaches so far presented in the research community. While the paper will be necessarily incomplete due to space limitations, it will hopefully give an understanding on the actual methods of data fusion and clarify some open research issues.
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Partarakis, Nikos, Voula Doulgeraki, Effie Karuzaki, George Galanakis, Xenophon Zabulis, Carlo Meghini, Valentina Bartalesi, and Daniele Metilli. "A Web-Based Platform for Traditional Craft Documentation." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 6, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti6050037.
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A web-based authoring platform for the representation of traditional crafts is proposed. This platform is rooted in a systematic method for craft representation, the adoption, knowledge, and representation standards of the cultural heritage (CH) domain, and the integration of outcomes from advanced digitization techniques. In this paper, we present the implementation of this method by an online, collaborative documentation platform where digital assets are curated into digitally preservable craft representations. The approach is demonstrated through the representation of three traditional crafts as use cases, and the lessons learned from this endeavor are presented.
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Bruno, N., and R. Roncella. "A RESTORATION ORIENTED HBIM SYSTEM FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION: THE CASE STUDY OF PARMA CATHEDRAL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2 (May 30, 2018): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-171-2018.
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The need to safeguard and preserve Cultural Heritage (CH) is increasing and especially in Italy, where the amount of historical buildings is considerable, having efficient and standardized processes of CH management and conservation becomes strategic. At the time being, there are no tools capable of fulfilling all the specific functions required by Cultural Heritage documentation and, due to the complexity of historical assets, there are no solution as flexible and customizable as CH specific needs require. Nevertheless, BIM methodology can represent the most effective solution, on condition that proper methodologies, tools and functions are made available. The paper describes an ongoing research on the implementation of a Historical BIM system for the Parma cathedral, aimed at the maintenance, conservation and restoration.<br> Its main goal was to give a concrete answer to the lack of specific tools required by Cultural Heritage documentation: organized and coordinated storage and management of historical data, easy analysis and query, time management, 3D modelling of irregular shapes, flexibility, user-friendliness, etc.<br> The paper will describe the project and the implemented methodology, focusing mainly on survey and modelling phases. In describing the methodology, critical issues about the creation of a HBIM will be highlighted, trying to outline a workflow applicable also in other similar contexts.
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Adami, A., C. Balletti, F. Fassi, L. Fregonese, F. Guerra, L. Taffurelli, and P. Vernier. "The bust of Francesco II Gonzaga: from digital documentation to 3D printing." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W3 (August 11, 2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w3-9-2015.
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Geomatics technics and methods are now able to provide a great contribution to the Cultural Heritage (CH) processes, being adaptable to different purposes: management, diagnosis, restoration, protection, study and research, communication, formation and fruition of the Cultural Heritage. This experimentation was done with an eye to encouraging and promoting the development of principles and good practices for recording, documentation and information management of cultural heritage. <br><br> This research focuses on the documentation path of a cultural asset, in particular a Renaissance statue, aimed to achieve a three dimensional model useful for many digital applications and for solid reproduction. The digital copy can be used in many contexts and represents an efficient tool to preserve and promote CH. It can be included in virtual museum archives and catalogues, shared on network with cultural operators and users, and it permits the contextualization of the asset in its artistic and historical background. Moreover, the possibility to obtain a hard copy, reproduced through 3D printing, allows to reach new opportunities of interaction with CH. <br><br> In this article, two techniques for the digitization of the terracotta bust of Francesco II Gonzaga, in the City Museum of Mantua, are described: the triangulation scanner and dense image matching photogrammetry. As well as the description of the acquisition and the elaborations, other aspects are taken into account: the characteristics of the object, the place for the acquisition, the ultimate goal and the economic availability. There are also highlighted the optimization pipeline to get the correct three-dimensional models and a 3D printed copy. A separate section discusses the comparison of the realized model to identify the positive and negative aspects of each adopted application.
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Garcia-Fernandez, J., and L. Medeiros. "INTEGRATING DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: ‘UNVEILING THE HIDDEN HAMINA’ INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W6 (August 21, 2019): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w6-61-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Currently, non-formal Heritage Education strategies present an immense potential to valorise and protect cultural heritage (CH), while promoting the transmission and production of knowledge. Integrating the potential of technologies in cultural heritage management practices, particularly in the field of ‘heritage documentation’, presents a way to empower both experts and non-experts with tools to better understand and record CH assets. It also allows to use research to advance on conservation, and to create and strengthen links between communities and their heritage. To achieve these in a non-formal context, a learning process/path needs to go beyond merely taking the contents out of the classroom; it requires the development of a strategy where students interact directly of the heritage assets, the communities and the institutions during a continuous amount of time, allowing for immersion, meaningful experience, and dialogue.</p><p> In 2018, under coordination of the University of Lisbon and Tampere University of Technology, took place the International Summer School ‘Unveiling the Hidden Hamina’, in Finland. The course was focused on integrating a non-formal academic course on Heritage documentation with a community-centred approach to cultural heritage. Its primary goals were to develop a learning path merging communities and course contents, to tackle current challenges in Heritage documentation, and to solve some current problems identified by local CH institutions. This paper provides a description of the course program and learning activities, the community engagement strategies, the integrated socio-cultural agenda and the main outcomes obtained by the course.</p>
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Shetty, Shishir, and Shrihari Guddadararangiah. "Case Report: unilateral condylar hyperplasia." F1000Research 10 (January 25, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.48499.1.
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Case: This report describes a clinical case of unilateral condylar hyperplasia (CH) with unique, atypical morphology. An important feature of this report is the documentation of a series of clinical photographs of the patient, showing a gradual increase in facial asymmetry associated with the CH. The main symptom reported in this case was facial asymmetry. The main intraoral clinical features observed in the patient were contralateral crossbite and ipsilateral open bite associated with CH. Surgical reshaping of the condyle was the treatment plan for this case. Conclusions: The main take away point from this case is the importance of obtaining previous photographs of the patient at different ages during case diagnosis, which helps the clinician to determine the approximate time of commencement of CH. This case also highlights the imaging features of rarely observed atypical shape of the hyperplastic condyle.
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Pamart, Anthony, Livio De Luca, and Philippe Véron. "metadata enriched system for the documentation of multi-modal digital imaging surveys." Studies in Digital Heritage 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v6i1.33767.
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In the field of Digital Heritage Studies, data provenance has always been an open and challenging issue. As Cultural Heritage objects are unique by definition, the methods, the practices and the strategies to build digital documentation are not homogeneous, universal or standardized. Metadata is a minimalistic yet powerful form to source and describe a digital document. They are often required or mandatory at an advanced stage of a Digital Heritage project. Our approach is to integrate since data capture steps meaningful information to document a Digital Heritage asset as it is moreover being composed nowadays from multiple sources or multimodal imaging surveys. This article exposes the methodological and technical aspects related to the ongoing development of MEMoS; standing for Metadata Enriched Multimodal documentation System. MEMoS aims to contribute to data provenance issues in current multimodal imaging surveys. It explores a way to document CH oriented capture data sets with a versatile descriptive metadata scheme inspired from the W7 ontological model. In addition, an experiment illustrated by several case studies, explores the possibility to integrate those metadata encoded into 2D barcodes directly to the captured image set. The article lays the foundation of a three parted methodology namely describe - encode and display toward metadata enriched documentation of CH objects.
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Thomann, Julia, Sascha R. Tittel, Egbert Voss, Rudolf Oeverink, Katja Palm, Susanne Fricke-Otto, Klaus Kapelari, Reinhard W. Holl, Joachim Woelfle, and Markus Bettendorf. "Guideline Adherence and Registry Recruitment of Congenital Primary Hypothyroidism: Data from the German Registry for Congenital Hypothyroidism (HypoDok)." International Journal of Neonatal Screening 7, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijns7010010.
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Neonatal screening for congenital primary hypothyroidism (CH) is mandatory in Germany but medical care thereafter remains inconsistent. Therefore, the registry HypoDok of the German Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (DGKED) was analyzed to evaluate the implementation of evidence-based guidelines and to assess the number of included patients. Inclusion criteria were (i) date of birth between 10/2001 and 05/2020 and (ii) increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at screening and/or confirmation. The cohort was divided into before (A) and after (B) guideline publication in 02/2011, to assess the guideline’s influence on medical care. A total of 659 patients were analyzed as group A (n = 327) and group B (n = 332) representing 17.5% and 10.3% of CH patients identified in the German and Austrian neonatal screening program during the respective time period. Treatment start and thyroxine doses were similar in both groups and consistent with recommendations. Regular follow-ups were documented. In the first three years of life, less than half of the patients underwent audiometry; developmental assessment was performed in 49.3% (A) and 24.8% (B) (p < 0.01). Documentation of CH patient care by pediatric endocrinologists seemed to be established, however, it reflected only a minority of the affected patients. Therefore, comprehensive documentation as an important instrument of quality assurance and evidence-based medicine should be legally enforced and officially funded in order to record, comprehend, and optimize care and outcome in patients with rare diseases such as CH.
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Pamart, Anthony, François Morlet, Livio De Luca, and Philippe Veron. "A Robust and Versatile Pipeline for Automatic Photogrammetric-Based Registration of Multimodal Cultural Heritage Documentation." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 25, 2020): 2051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12122051.
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Imaging techniques and Image Based-Modeling (IBM) practices in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH) studies are nowadays no longer used as one-shot applications but as various and complex scenarios involving multiple modalities; sensors, scales, spectral bands and temporalities utilized by various experts. Current use of Structure from Motion and photogrammetric methods necessitates some improvements in iterative registration to ease the growing complexity in the management of the scientific imaging applied on heritage assets. In this context, the co-registration of photo-documentation among other imaging resources is a key step in order to move towards data fusion and collaborative semantic enrichment scenarios. This paper presents the recent development of a Totally Automated Co-registration and Orientation library (TACO) based on the interoperability of open-source solutions to conduct photogrammetric-based registration. The proposed methodology addresses and solves some gaps in term of robustness and versatility in the field of incremental and global orientation of image-sets dedicated to CH practices.
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Chalkidou, Sevasti, Apostolos Arvanitis, Petros Patias, and Charalampos Georgiadis. "Spatially Enabled Web Application for Urban Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Metrics Reporting for the SDGs." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (November 7, 2021): 12289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112289.
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UNESCO and the United Nations have recently identified cultural heritage (CH) as a key enabler of sustainability by incorporating it into several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Accurate and efficient reporting on CH is considered fundamental despite known limitations due to the lack of sufficient and harmonized data. This paper presents a spatially enabled web application for urban CH monitoring for the city of Thessaloniki in Northern Greece. The objective was to integrate the information provided by several independent public registries on CH into a common 2D mapping and reporting platform and to enrich it with additional data provided by other built environment agencies. An estimation of the expected cost for the structural evaluation by experts of the city’s CH assets was also implemented for SDG’s Indicator 11.4.1. The methodology involved stakeholder identification, data collection and pre-processing, field verification and documentation, calculation of Indicator 11.4.1, and the actual coding process. The application can be found online, providing useful insights and statistical information on the city’s heritage in a dashboard format. The key challenges included the lack of updated data, the existence of several individual registries, and the need for regular field inspection due to the rapidly changing urban fabric.
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Ronzino, Paola, Anna Toth, and Bianca Falcidieno. "Documenting the Structure and Adaptive Reuse of Roman Amphitheatres through the CIDOC CRMba Model." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485466.
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This article addresses an important aspect of the built heritage documentation, which concerns encoding information about a building in a formal way, making it available for reuse by the research community. Formal ontologies allow structuring and integrating information from heterogeneous sources without loss of semantic information. In the field of Cultural Heritage (CH), the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) ontology is well known and widely accepted as it provides definitions and a formal structure to describe the implicit and explicit concepts and relationships used in the CH documentation. One of its extensions, the CRMba model, has been specifically designed to document information on a built structure and its components. In this work, we have applied the CRMba model to the documentation of Roman architectures, in particular, Roman amphitheatres, demonstrating how the semantic model allows encoding information about the structure of the building and its evolution over time and space, stressing on the concepts of “empty spaces” and “functional spaces” defined by form, and focusing on the relationship between form and function. The aim of the work is to explore the potentiality of the model and to provide, through a series of examples supported by graphs, standard encoding procedures to be reused by scholars dealing with similar case studies.
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Pamart, A., F. Ponchio, V. Abergel, A. Alaoui M'Darhri, M. Corsini, M. Dellepiane, F. Morlet, R. Scopigno, and L. De Luca. "A COMPLETE FRAMEWORK OPERATING SPATIALLY-ORIENTED RTI IN A 3D/2D CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION AND ANALYSIS TOOL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-573-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Close-Range Photogrammetry (CRP) and Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) are two of the most used image-based techniques when documenting and analyzing Cultural Heritage (CH) objects. Nevertheless, their potential impact in supporting study and analysis of conservation status of CH assets is reduced as they remain mostly applied and analyzed separately. This is mostly because we miss easy-to-use tools for of a spatial registration of multimodal data and features for joint visualisation gaps. The aim of this paper is to describe a complete framework for an effective data fusion and to present a user friendly viewer enabling the joint visual analysis of 2D/3D data and RTI images. This contribution is framed by the on-going implementation of automatic multimodal registration (3D, 2D RGB and RTI) into a collaborative web platform (AIOLI) enabling the management of hybrid representations through an intuitive visualization framework and also supporting semantic enrichment through spatialized 2D/3D annotations.</p>
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Mateus, L., J. Fernández, V. Ferreira, C. Oliveira, J. Aguiar, A. S. Gago, P. Pacheco, and J. Pernão. "TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR HERITAGE CONSERVATION: CASE STUDY OF THE HISTORICAL WALLS OF LAGOS, PORTUGAL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 5, 2019): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-843-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Conservation planning is a complex process involving a wide range of agents such as architects, engineers, conservators and archaeologists. Their integrated inputs contribute to the definition of criteria for the conservation project and the conservation strategy. In this process, graphical documentation is a common denominator to all involved areas-of-expertise. It provides the basis for the dialog between agents coming from different fields of knowledge that often don’t speak the same technical language nor share the same codes. The way this dialog can be improved through documentation is the main motivation of our study.</p><p>In this paper we analyze the requirements of digital documentation in Cultural Heritage (CH) conservation strategies, and we tackle the fundamental role of photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and integrated implementation throughout the several steps, from the fieldwork to the conservation planning for CH sites. The described process is demonstrated through the case study of ‘the conservation project of the historic walls of Lagos’, in south Portugal.</p><p>After introduction and related work, the study is structured in four main sections. In the second section, we present the case study and conduct an analysis of existing data and preliminary synthesis of heritage values related to the historic walls of Lagos. Second section corresponds to an overview of the project workflow. This spans from recording and documentation, considering geometry, colour, light, materials and degradation forms; to their analysis and diagnosis, resulting in criteria and guidelines for the intervention actions. Third section emphasises on how the simultaneous use of photogrammetry and TLS in the documentation process, and its relationship with other methods and techniques, introduces a distinctive character in the conservation project. Fourth section is about the documentation process with photogrammetry and TLS. Finally, fifth section focus in the analysis and architectural project.</p>
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Klapa, Przemysław, and Pelagia Gawronek. "Synergy of Geospatial Data from TLS and UAV for Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM)." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010128.
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Currently, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly entering the operational level in terms of creating a model for newly constructed facilities. For existing objects, and objects of Culture Heritage (CH), the creation of coherent and qualitative BIM models depends on the quality of the data constituting the basis for modelling. What’s more, BIM of CH is not only a challenge to obtain high-quality three-dimensional data, but also a time-consuming study of object documentation and photographic documentation in order to create a faithful library of parametric objects. In the article, the authors presented the synergy of spatial data with TLS and UAV as the basis for creating a BIM model for two CH objects. The aim of the article was to make such a synergy of TLS and UAV data that the geospatial database, developed for the needs of modelling historic objects in the HBIM trend, would have a specific amount of information without the frequently used redundancy. In principle, the acquired 3D database should be expressed in a global reference system with the degree of georeferencing accuracy for situational and altitude measurements and should be consistent to provide comprehensive information about the object. The analyses led to conclusions in which the authors assign superior importance to the accuracy of measurement information and the integration of individual data groups in the process of developing the HBIM model with the desired accuracy in opposition to the appropriate selection of the level of detail, which is usually assigned a superior role, which in turn results from the quality of the data geospatial modelling.
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Bastonero, P., E. Donadio, F. Chiabrando, and A. Spanò. "Fusion of 3D models derived from TLS and image-based techniques for CH enhanced documentation." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5 (May 28, 2014): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-73-2014.
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Recognizing the various advantages offered by 3D new metric survey technologies in the Cultural Heritage documentation phase, this paper presents some tests of 3D model generation, using different methods, and their possible fusion. With the aim to define potentialities and problems deriving from integration or fusion of metric data acquired with different survey techniques, the elected test case is an outstanding Cultural Heritage item, presenting both widespread and specific complexities connected to the conservation of historical buildings. The site is the Staffarda Abbey, the most relevant evidence of medieval architecture in Piedmont. This application faced one of the most topical architectural issues consisting in the opportunity to study and analyze an object as a whole, from twice location of acquisition sensors, both the terrestrial and the aerial one. <br><br> In particular, the work consists in the evaluation of chances deriving from a simple union or from the fusion of different 3D cloudmodels of the abbey, achieved by multi-sensor techniques. The aerial survey is based on a photogrammetric RPAS (Remotely piloted aircraft system) flight while the terrestrial acquisition have been fulfilled by laser scanning survey. Both techniques allowed to extract and process different point clouds and to generate consequent 3D continuous models which are characterized by different scale, that is to say different resolutions and diverse contents of details and precisions. Starting from these models, the proposed process, applied to a sample area of the building, aimed to test the generation of a unique 3Dmodel thorough a fusion of different sensor point clouds. <br><br> Surely, the describing potential and the metric and thematic gains feasible by the final model exceeded those offered by the two detached models.
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Bakirman, Tolga, Bahadir Kulavuz, and Bulent Bayram. "Use of Artificial Intelligence Toward Climate-neutral Cultural Heritage." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 89, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.22-00118r2.
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Cultural heritage (CH) aims to create new strategies and policies for adapting to climate change. Additionally, the goals of sustainable development aim to protect, monitor, and preserve the world's CH and to take urgent action to combat climate change and its effects. Therefore, developing efficient and accurate techniques toward making CH climate neutral and more resilient is of vital importance. This study aims to provide a holistic solution to monitor and protect CHfrom climate change, natural hazards, and anthropogenic effects in a sustainable way. In our study, the efficiency of deep learning using low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles and camera images for the documentation and monitoring of CHis investigated. The dense extreme inception network for edge detection and richer convolu- tional feature architectures have been used for the first time in the literature to extract contours and cracks from CHstructures. As a result of the study, F1 scores of 61.38% and 61.50% for both architectures, respectively, were obtained. The results show that the proposed solution can aid in monitoring the protection of CHfrom climate change, natural disasters, and anthropogenic effects.
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Eker, R., N. Elvanoglu, Z. Ucar, E. Bilici, and A. Aydın. "3D MODELLING OF A HISTORIC WINDMILL: PPK-AIDED TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY VS SMARTPHONE APP." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2022 (May 30, 2022): 787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2022-787-2022.
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Abstract. Cultural heritage (CH), what we inherited from the past generations, is a precious asset connecting the past to the present. It has many demonstrable benefits to nations around the world. For many countries, it has been a part of national identity as well as a key driver of the economy. However, CH is under constant threat of demolition due to wars, natural and human-induced hazards, and negligence. Therefore, documentation of CH has become very essential. Recent advancements in remote sensing technology have improved upon approaches for the surveying and structural modelling of the CH. This paper examines two close-range photogrammetry approaches in modelling a historic windmill. In the first approach, to generate a 3D model of the windmill, the images were obtained with a PPK-aided system and then processed through the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) method in Agisoft Metashape software. The second approach utilized a smartphone app both to capture the images and then generate the 3D model of the windmill with SfM. The 3D models of windmills, generated with two different methods, were compared in CloudCompare software using the cloud-to-mesh distance (C2M) tool. Two models were aligned with point pairs-picking for registration and the result showed that the models are quite similar and distance between the two models ranged from −5cm to +5cm.
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Ioannidis, C., I. Tallis, I. Pastos, A. M. Boutsi, S. Verykokou, S. Soile, P. Tokmakidis, and K. Tokmakidis. "A WEB-BASED PLATFORM FOR MANAGEMENT AND VISUALIZATION OF GEOMETRIC DOCUMENTATION PRODUCTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-2-2021 (June 17, 2021): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2021-113-2021.
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Abstract. The mission of digital Cultural Heritage (CH) repositories goes beyond engagement and dissemination; their research data should be approached and correlated spatially and semantically in the service of conservation and accessibility. Therefore, a flexible system is needed to expand, reuse and repurpose their content, addressing online collaboration, real time progress and ease of use. Towards this direction, the “METEORA” web-based platform is a novel and holistic approach to the organization, management and visualization of the 3D and 2D documentation products of CH sites. It integrates a multi-scale 3D viewer based on the 3DHOP framework, personalized information access and interactive tools for data retrieval and presentation. Emphasis is given in the development of a mid-level interface for creating, updating and maintaining 3DHOP’s functionalities and customizing information based on the user’s scientific specialty and field of interest. The proposed admin control panel updates the state of the current visualization, allows the integration of 3D models and multimedia and automates the creation of clickable points of interest on top of the 3D surfaces. It is based on a MySQL Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) that supports the back-end User Interface (UI) with create, read, update and delete (CRUD) management functions of a typical RESTful service. Moreover, all the control mechanisms as well as the procedures of authentication, authorization and encryption of the credentials of the certified users are configured through the PHP scripting language and JSON files. The resulting platform achieves maximum adaptability in digital archiving of heterogeneous datasets and has increasing efficiency in representing all types of data supported by 3DHOP.
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Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, Pablo, Ángel Guerra Campo, Ángel Muñoz-Nieto, Luis Sánchez-Aparicio, and Diego González-Aguilera. "Diachronic Reconstruction and Visualization of Lost Cultural Heritage Sites." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8020061.
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Cultural heritage (CH) documentation is essential for the study and promotion of CH assets/sites, and provides a way of transmitting knowledge about heritage to future generations. The integration of the fourth dimension into geospatial datasets enables generating a diachronic model of CH elements, namely, a set of three-dimensional (3D) models to represent their evolution in various historical phases. The enhanced four-dimensional (4D) modeling (3D plus time) pursues a better understanding of the CH scenario, enriching historical hypotheses as well as contributing to the conservation and decision-making process. Although new geomatic techniques have reduced the amount of fieldwork, when put together, the geometric and temporal dimensions imply the interpretation of heterogeneous historical information sources and their integration. However, this situation could reach a critical point when the study elements are no longer present. The main challenge is to harmonize the different historical and archaeological data sources that are available with the current remains in order to graphically rebuild and model the lost CH assets with a high degree of reliability. Moreover, 4D web visualization is a great way to disclose the CH information and cultural identity. Additionally, it will serve as a basis to perform simulations of possible future risks or changes that can happen during planned or hypothetical restoration processes. This paper aims to examine the study case of a diachronic reconstruction by means of a mobile laser system (MLS) and reverse modeling techniques for a lost urban CH element: the citadel or Alcázar gate of Ávila. Within this aim, the final model is evaluated in terms of the consistency of the historical sources to assess its suitability considering the constructive interpretations that are required to integrate heterogenous data sources. Moreover, geometric modeling is evaluated regarding the current remains and its surroundings. Finally, a web 4D viewer is presented for its dissemination and publicity. This paper is an extended and improved version of our paper that was published in the 2018 ISPRS Technical Commission II Symposium, Riva del Garda, Italy, 3–7 June 2018.
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Stylianidis, Efstratios, Konstantinos Evangelidis, Rebeka Vital, Panagiotis Dafiotis, and Stella Sylaiou. "3D Documentation and Visualization of Cultural Heritage Buildings through the Application of Geospatial Technologies." Heritage 5, no. 4 (September 21, 2022): 2818–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040146.
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Architectural survey is an evolving field in architecture that has been affected during the past decade by the technological advancements in the field of 3D data acquisition. Some of these technological advancements include long-range laser scanning and photogrammetry. Laser scanning gives us an accurate documentation of the site, even in cases where parts of the building have collapsed. This paper aims to present two case studies of digital documentation through laser scanning and photogrammetry that led to the structural reinforcement and preservation of the first site and to a digital reconstruction and a mixed reality platform for the second site. The first site is an Ottoman Soap factory in Lod, Israel and the second one is an Ottoman Bathhouse in Apollonia, Greece. Both sites dealt with challenges during documentation due to a partial collapse of the building or due to dangerous structural conditions. The digital documentation methodologies allowed for a fast, accurate and comprehensive survey, as well as for a good understanding of the building and the areas which were concealed as a result of the collapse. At the same time, the digital documentation model gave the potential for the cultural heritage (CH) site to become part of the social, economic and cultural local community.
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Parfenov, Vadim, Sergei Igoshin, Dmitriy Masaylo, Alexey Orlov, and Dzmitry Kuliashou. "Use of 3D Laser Scanning and Additive Technologies for Reconstruction of Damaged and Destroyed Cultural Heritage Objects." Quantum Beam Science 6, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs6010011.
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Three-dimensional laser scanning is a novel measurement technique that is frequently used for the documentation of cultural heritage (CH) objects. In the process of 3D scanning, one can obtain computing 3D models of artworks to be documented. It allows one to produce detailed digitized archives of important CH objects. Moreover, the use of 3D scanning enables the digital reconstruction of architectural fragments, sculptures, and other artworks. One more important application of this technique relates to the creation of molds and replicas for replacements of outdoor CH objects in case their preservation requirements do not allow them to remain in their original place due to the influence of environmental factors. One of the most effective ways of creating replicas is the use of laser additive technologies. Therefore, the combination of 3D scanning and additive technologies is a very promising way of preservation of CH. This paper describes several case studies concerned with the combined usage of 3D laser scanning and additive technologies for digital reconstruction and replication and of outdoor sculptures in St. Petersburg city. One of them is the reconstruction of the zinc sculpture “Eva at the fountain” (XIX century, England), which was destroyed during WWII. Its replica was created by means of laser stereolithography. Eventually, one more project is related to the reconstruction of the fragment of the sufficiently damaged cast-iron XIX century monument. This object was reconstructed using two laser technologies: direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), and laser cladding (LC).
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Клубничкин, Evgeniy Klubnichkin, Клубничкин, Vladislav Klubnichkin, Бухтояров, and Leonid Bukhtoyarov. "Investigation of the kinematics and dynamics of propulsor of track harvester." Forestry Engineering Journal 4, no. 4 (January 15, 2015): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/8471.
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The research of multilink mechanism on the example of propulsor track harvester ЛЗ-5 was made. Propulsor of track harvester (CH) is a multilink mechanism, as it consists of track tracks, including a large number of tracks hingedly connected to each other. For research, we selected the program UM Tracked Vehicles, as it is most appropriate for the task. At the stage of development of the design documentation, such virtual testing in economic terms is more favorable than the natural prototype testing.
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Alexiev, Vladimir. "Types and Annotations for CIDOC CRM Properties." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 2 (September 30, 2012): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2012.2.23.
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The CIDOC CRM provides an extensive ontology for describing entities and properties appearing in cultural heritage (CH) documentation, history and archeology. CRM provides some means for describing information about properties (property types, attribute assignment, and "long-cuts") and guidelines for extending the vocabulary. However, these means are far from complete, and in some cases there is little guidance how to "implement" them in RDF. In this article we outline the problems, relate them to established RDF patterns and mechanisms, and describe several implementation alternatives.
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Badillo, P. D., V. A. Parfenov, and N. L. Shchegoleva. "Surface reconstruction post-processing method for 3D- scanned objects." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2086, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012077.
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Abstract 3D scanning is widely used in multiple applications to obtain high precision / non-destructive documentation of real-life objects, which is especially important in Cultural Heritage (CH) preservation. However, some issues (in particular missing parts which are commonly known as “holes”) affect the accuracy of the obtained 3D model after the scanning procedure and requires time-consuming post-processing procedures, which include manual editing by highly-trained personnel. In this article an automatic method to reconstruct the obtained surface of 3D models is proposed, improving previously obtained results for high-density point clouds.
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Nicu, Ionut Cristi, Luigi Lombardo, and Lena Rubensdotter. "Preliminary assessment of thaw slump hazard to Arctic cultural heritage in Nordenskiöld Land, Svalbard." Landslides 18, no. 8 (May 8, 2021): 2935–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-021-01684-8.
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AbstractPermafrost-dependent landslides occur in a range of sizes and are among the most dynamic landforms in the Arctic in the warming climate. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) are enlarging landslides triggered by thawing and release of excess water from permafrost ground ice, causing smaller or larger collapses of ground surface, which in turn exposes new permafrost to rapid thawing and collapse. In this study, a preliminary assessment of previous thaw slump activity in Nordenskiöld Land area of Svalbard is made based on remote sensing digitisation of 400 slump-scar features from aerial images from the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI). RTS properties and distribution are analysed with an emphasis on their implications for the preservation of the Svalbard’s cultural heritage (CH). Our analysis shows that the areas where RTS scars and CH co-exist in Nordenskiöld Land are, at present, limited and cover mainly areas distributed along north-west (Colesbukta, Grønfjorden, Kapp Starostin), north-east (Sassendalen and Sassenfjorden) and south-west (Van Muydenbukta) coastlines. Taking into consideration the preliminary aspect of this inventory and study, it can be stated that for now, RTS and CH sites do not have a high level of co-existence, except for eight sites which are located at less than 100 m to a RTS and one site that is located inside a currently inactive slump-scar. Further mapping of RTS will be undertaken in order to have a complete picture of these climate triggered landslides potentially threatening the Arctic CH. The results of this study, even if preliminary, can be used by local authorities and stakeholders in prioritising future documentation and mitigation measures and can thus present a powerful tool in disaster risk reduction.
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Bitelli, G., C. Balletti, R. Brumana, L. Barazzetti, M. G. D'Urso, F. Rinaudo, and G. Tucci. "THE GAMHER RESEARCH PROJECT FOR METRIC DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 4, 2019): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-239-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> GAMHer (Geomatics data Acquisition and Management for landscape and built Heritage in a European perspective) is a three-year research project financed under the Italian PRIN 2015 framework (Progetti di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale). The project, started in February 2017 under the University of Bologna coordination, links other 5 Italian research groups mainly involved in Cultural Heritage (CH) documentation and data management: Politecnico di Milano, Politecnico di Torino, IUAV Venice, University of Florence, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio and University of Bergamo.</p><p>GAMHer aims at exploiting some research and practical challenges in those disciplines devoted to generate 3D models for objects related to both landscape and built heritage; primary focus is then on digital photogrammetry and 3D scanning. These techniques are more and more applied in different contexts, having as the main subjects monuments, buildings, natural and urban landscapes. Some critical points however remain for their implementation, also facing to the new European directives, strictly connected to the requirement of the Digital Agenda for Europe. A wider use of digital data has to be achieved, in Europe as well as internationally, and therefore an analysis of the current developments is significant, together with a critical assessment of their performances.</p>
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Scopigno, Roberto, Marco Callieri, Matteo Dellepiane, Federico Ponchio, and Marco Potenziani. "Delivering and using 3D models on the web: are we ready?" Virtual Archaeology Review 8, no. 17 (July 26, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.6405.
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<p class="VARKeywords">Digital technologies are now mature for producing high quality digital replicas of Cultural Heritage (CH) assets. The research results produced in the last decade ignited an impressive evolution and consolidation of the technologies for acquiring high-quality digital three-dimensional (3D) models, encompassing both geometry and color. What remains still an open problem is how to deliver those data and related knowledge to our society. The web is nowadays the main channel for the dissemination of knowledge. Emerging commercial solutions for web-publishing of 3D data are consolidating and becoming a de-facto standard for many applications (e-commerce, industrial products, education, etc.). In this framework, CH is a very specific domain, requiring highly flexible solutions. Some recent experiences are presented, aimed at providing a support to the archival of archaeological 3D data, supporting web-based publishing of very high-resolution digitization results and finally enabling the documentation of complex restoration actions. All those examples have been recently implemented on the open-source 3D Heritage Online Presenter (3DHOP) platform, developed at CNR-ISTI.</p>
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Moraitou, Efthymia, John Aliprantis, Yannis Christodoulou, Alexandros Teneketzis, and George Caridakis. "Semantic Bridging of Cultural Heritage Disciplines and Tasks." Heritage 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2019): 611–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010040.
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The Cultural Heritage (CH) domain encompasses a wide range of different disciplines, serving the study, interpretation, curation, and preservation of objects, collections, archives, sites, and the dissemination of related knowledge. In this context, stakeholders generate, retrieve, and share a vast amount of diverse information. Therefore, information interoperability has been considered a crucial task, especially in terms of semantics. In this way, the CIDOC CRM (International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model) has been widely used as an underlying model that offers interoperability between CH domain metadata standards and ontologies. To the best of our knowledge, an overall review of mapping, merging, and extending this core ontology, as well as an aggregate table which classifies and correlates those ontologies and standards, has not yet been presented. Our study conducts an aggregate review of relevant published efforts and outlines the various associations between them, encapsulating the CIDOC CRM and its specialized models, as well. This work aims to further clarify the field and scope of the different works, identify their methods, and highlight the semantic overlap, or differences, between them.
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Pamart, A., O. Guillon, S. Faraci, E. Gattet, M. Genevois, J. M. Vallet, and L. De Luca. "MULTISPECTRAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING FORWALL PAINTINGS STUDIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-559-2017.
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In the field of wall paintings studies different imaging techniques are commonly used for the documentation and the decision making in term of conservation and restoration. There is nowadays some challenging issues to merge scientific imaging techniques in a multimodal context (i.e. multi-sensors, multi-dimensions, multi-spectral and multi-temporal approaches). For decades those CH objects has been widely documented with Technical Photography (TP) which gives precious information to understand or retrieve the painting layouts and history. More recently there is an increasing demand of the use of digital photogrammetry in order to provide, as one of the possible output, an orthophotomosaic which brings a possibility for metrical quantification of conservators/restorators observations and actions planning. This paper presents some ongoing experimentations of the LabCom MAP-CICRP relying on the assumption that those techniques can be merged through a common pipeline to share their own benefits and create a more complete documentation.
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Scianna, A., M. La Guardia, and M. L. Scaduto. "SHARING ON WEB 3D MODELS OF ANCIENT THEATRES. A METHODOLOGICAL WORKFLOW." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-483-2016.
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In the last few years, the need to share on the Web the knowledge of Cultural Heritage (CH) through navigable 3D models has increased. This need requires the availability of Web-based virtual reality systems and 3D WEBGIS. In order to make the information available to all stakeholders, these instruments should be powerful and at the same time very user-friendly. However, research and experiments carried out so far show that a standardized methodology doesn’t exist. All this is due both to complexity and dimensions of geometric models to be published, on the one hand, and to excessive costs of hardware and software tools, on the other. In light of this background, the paper describes a methodological approach for creating 3D models of CH, freely exportable on the Web, based on HTML5 and free and open source software. HTML5, supporting the WebGL standard, allows the exploration of 3D spatial models using most used Web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer. The methodological workflow here described has been tested for the construction of a multimedia geo-spatial platform developed for three-dimensional exploration and documentation of the ancient theatres of Segesta and of Carthage, and the surrounding landscapes. The experimental application has allowed us to explore the potential and limitations of sharing on the Web of 3D CH models based on WebGL standard. Sharing capabilities could be extended defining suitable geospatial Web-services based on capabilities of HTML5 and WebGL technology.
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Scianna, A., and M. La Guardia. "MAIN FEATURES OF A 3D GIS FOR A MONUMENTAL COMPLEX WITH AN HISTORICAL-CULTURAL RELEVANCE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5/W1 (May 16, 2017): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-w1-519-2017.
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The last achievements of technologies in geomatics especially in survey and restitution of 3D models (UAV/drones and laser scanner technologies) generated new procedures and higher standards of quality in representation of archaeological sites. Together with Geomatics, the recent development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) strongly contribute to document and the Cultural Heritage (CH). The representation and documentation of CH using these new technologies has became necessary in order to satisfy different needs: &ndash; for restorers in order to acquire a deep knowledge of the cultural good and to define possible strategies of restoration; &ndash; for the conservation of information, allowing to preserve the 3D geometry of the monumental complex with the integration of descriptions about architectural elements; &ndash; for touristic aims, giving the opportunity of sharing CH information on web, allowing users to visit and explore, in a virtual way, monumental complexes, acquiring information details about architectural elements or the history of monumental complex. <br><br> Looking through these new scenarios, the development of a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS) applied to a cultural good could be, today, an added value of fundamental importance for full description and data management of monumental complexes. In this work, the main features necessary for the correct construction of a 3D GIS of a monumental complex will be analyzed, with a particular focus on the possibilities for creating a standardized procedure to follow.
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Scianna, A., M. La Guardia, and M. L. Scaduto. "SHARING ON WEB 3D MODELS OF ANCIENT THEATRES. A METHODOLOGICAL WORKFLOW." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-483-2016.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few years, the need to share on the Web the knowledge of Cultural Heritage (CH) through navigable 3D models has increased. This need requires the availability of Web-based virtual reality systems and 3D WEBGIS. In order to make the information available to all stakeholders, these instruments should be powerful and at the same time very user-friendly. However, research and experiments carried out so far show that a standardized methodology doesn’t exist. All this is due both to complexity and dimensions of geometric models to be published, on the one hand, and to excessive costs of hardware and software tools, on the other. In light of this background, the paper describes a methodological approach for creating 3D models of CH, freely exportable on the Web, based on HTML5 and free and open source software. HTML5, supporting the WebGL standard, allows the exploration of 3D spatial models using most used Web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer. The methodological workflow here described has been tested for the construction of a multimedia geo-spatial platform developed for three-dimensional exploration and documentation of the ancient theatres of Segesta and of Carthage, and the surrounding landscapes. The experimental application has allowed us to explore the potential and limitations of sharing on the Web of 3D CH models based on WebGL standard. Sharing capabilities could be extended defining suitable geospatial Web-services based on capabilities of HTML5 and WebGL technology.
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Wiethölter, Rudolf. "Proceduralization Of The Category Of Law+." German Law Journal 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200016941.
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Preliminary Remark: The observations below are to be understood more as a draft than as theses. They refer to and continue a series of earlier considerations, most recently in two papers: Social Science Models in Economic Law, in Contract and Organisation, 52-67 (T. Daintith/G. Teubner eds., 1986) and Materialization and Proceduralization in Modern Law, in Dilemmas of Law in the Welfare State 221-248 (G. Teubner ed. 1986); both papers are also to be found (in German) in the following documentation: G. Brüggemeier, Workshop zu Konzepten des postinterventionistischen Rechts, Materialien des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik, 2-24, 25-64 (Ch. Joerges eds., Heft 4, 1984).
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Tschirschwitz, F., G. Büyüksalih, T. P. Kersten, T. Kan, G. Enc, and P. Baskaraca. "VIRTUALISING AN OTTOMAN FORTRESS – LASER SCANNING AND 3D MODELLING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERACTIVE, IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-723-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> “A picture is worth a thousand words”: a famous quote about knowledge dissemination but also literally true. The documentation of cultural heritage (CH) monuments is carried out by measurements and photos and stored in 3d models &ndash; not by textual information alone. So what could be a more straightforward way to inform the public about CH than visual information? This approach can be extended not only by providing static images or videos from predefined angles but by giving the user the opportunity to interactively explore the virtual representation and interact with the scene. Recent advances in contemporary Virtual Reality (VR) have made it available to more people as prices have dropped. New devices have entered the market so that VR is not limited to VR labs, but is available even at home. With modern head-mounted displays the user can immerse himself in the virtual CH monument to explore and interact with it. Game engines offer tools for rapid development of interactions and help to produce visually appealing worlds.</p><p>In this paper is presented the generation of a virtual 3D model of Rumeli Hisarı, an Ottoman fortress at the Bosporus in Istanbul, Turkey (Fig. 1) and its processing for data integration into the game engine Unity. The project has been carried out as a co-operation between BİMTAŞ, a company of the Greater Municipality of Istanbul, Turkey and the Photogrammetry & Laser Scanning Lab of the HafenCity University Hamburg, Germany with the aim of a VR application for an immersive and interactive visualisation of the fortress using the VR system HTC Vive. The workflow from data acquisition to VR visualisation, including the necessary programming for navigation, is described. Furthermore, the possible use (including simultaneous multiple users environments) of such a VR visualisation for a CH monument is discussed.</p>
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Carrión-Ruiz, B., S. Blanco-Pons, M. Duong, J. Chartrand, M. Li, K. Prochnau, S. Fai, and J. L. Lerma. "AUGMENTED EXPERIENCE TO DISSEMINATE CULTURAL HERITAGE: HOUSE OF COMMONS WINDOWS, PARLIAMENT HILL NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE (CANADA)." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-243-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The use of photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning for building information modelling (BIM) in the documentation and conservation of Cultural Heritage (CH) is now well established. By combining BIM with the latest visualization technologies, powerful, semi-immersive experiences can be developed to enhance the dissemination of CH. In semi-immersive experiences such as Augmented Reality (AR), digital content can be overlapped on to physical spaces, providing a new way to interact with both the physical space and the digital content.</p><p> This paper discusses the translation of a digital object created using BIM, into a physical object and the utilisation of this physical object as a trigger for an AR experience. The case study looks at one of the neo- Gothic window frames from the House of Commons in the Centre Block of the Parliament Hill National Historic Site, in Ottawa, Canada. The window frame is one in a series that represents a Canadian province or territory with a stained glass feature that includes floral emblems and heraldic symbols from the respective provincial or territorial shield. The frame in this case study corresponds to the stained glass window of five provinces. Using the replica frame as a target, the user can select which stained glass windows they would like to view in the AR application.</p><p> Through these combined technologies, we argue that CH can be revealed in a more interactive way and therefore more engaging manner &ndash; making even inaccessible architectural details readily available to the public.</p>
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Wefers, Stefanie, Ashish Karmacharya, Mieke Pfarr-Harfst, and Frank Boochs. "Digital 3D reconstructed models A proposition for structuring visualisation workflows using semantic technologies for recommendations." Studies in Digital Heritage 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23327.
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It is common for cultural heritage applications to use spatial and/or spectral data for documentation, analysis and visualisation. Knowledge on data requirements coming from the cultural heritage application and technical alternatives to generate the required data based on object characteristics and other influencings factors paves the way for the optimal selection of a recording technology. It is a collaborative process requiring knowledge of experts from cultural heritage domains and technical domains. Currently, this knowledge is structured and stored in an ontology (so-called COSCHKR). It has the purpose to support CH experts not familiar with technologies through prescribing an optimal spatial or spectral recording strategy adapted to the physical characteristics of the cultural heritage object and the data requirements of the targeted CH application. The creation of digital 3D reconstructed models for analysis and visualisation purposes is getting more and more common within humanities disciplines. Therefore, an implementation of mechanisms involved in visualisation applications into this ontology would have huge benefits in creating a powerful recommendation solution. A structured view on such project workflows facilitates a rough match with the existing knowledge representation. Illustrating the overall structure of COSCHKR, this paper addresses and discusses challenges in structuring the processes of cultural heritage visualisation and implementing these into the ontology.
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Chiabrando, F., G. Sammartano, and A. Spanò. "HISTORICAL BUILDINGS MODELS AND THEIR HANDLING VIA 3D SURVEY: FROM POINTS CLOUDS TO USER-ORIENTED HBIM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b5-633-2016.
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This paper retraces some research activities and application of 3D survey techniques and Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the environment of Cultural Heritage. It describes the diffusion of as-built BIM approach in the last years in Heritage Assets management, the so-called Built Heritage Information Modelling/Management (BHIMM or HBIM), that is nowadays an important and sustainable perspective in documentation and administration of historic buildings and structures. <br><br> The work focuses the documentation derived from 3D survey techniques that can be understood like a significant and unavoidable knowledge base for the BIM conception and modelling, in the perspective of a coherent and complete management and valorisation of CH. It deepens potentialities, offered by 3D integrated survey techniques, to acquire productively and quite easilymany 3D information, not only geometrical but also radiometric attributes, helping the recognition, interpretation and characterization of state of conservation and degradation of architectural elements. From these data, they provide more and more high descriptive models corresponding to the geometrical complexity of buildings or aggregates in the well-known 5D (3D + time and cost dimensions). <br><br> Points clouds derived from 3D survey acquisition (aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry, LiDAR and their integration) are reality-based models that can be use in a semi-automatic way to manage, interpret, and moderately simplify geometrical shapes of historical buildings that are examples, as is well known, of non-regular and complex geometry, instead of modern constructions with simple and regular ones. In the paper, some of these issues are addressed and analyzed through some experiences regarding the creation and the managing of HBIMprojects on historical heritage at different scales, using different platforms and various workflow. The paper focuses on LiDAR data handling with the aim to manage and extract geometrical information; on development and optimization of semi-automatic process of segmentation, recognition and modelling of historical shapes of complex structures; on communication of historical heritage by virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) in a 3D reconstruction of buildings aggregates from a LiDAR and UAV survey. The HBIM model have been implemented and optimized to be managed and browse by mobile devices for not only touristic or informative scopes, but also to ensure that HBIM platforms will become more easy and valuable tools helping all professionals of AEC involved in the documentation and valorisation process, that nowadays more and more distinguish CH policies.
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Nilsson, Ulla-Beth, and Ania Willman. "Evaluation of Nursing Documentation: A Comparative Study Using the Instruments NoGA© and Cat-ch-ing© after an Educational Intervention." Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 14, no. 3 (October 4, 2000): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/028393100750018832.
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Saha, Sunita, Jacek Martusewicz, Noëlle L. W. Streeton, and Robert Sitnik. "Segmentation of Change in Surface Geometry Analysis for Cultural Heritage Applications." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 4899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144899.
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This work proposes a change-based segmentation method for applications to cultural heritage (CH) imaging to perform monitoring and assess changes at each surface point. It can be used as a support or component of the 3D sensors to analyze surface geometry changes. In this research, we proposed a new method to identify surface changes employing segmentation based on 3D geometrical data acquired at different time intervals. The geometrical comparison was performed by calculating point-to-point Euclidean distances for each pair of surface points between the target and source geometry models. Four other methods for local distance measurement were proposed and tested. In the segmentation method, we analyze the local histograms of the distances between the measuring points of the source and target models. Then the parameters of these histograms are determined, and predefined classes are assigned to target surface points. The proposed methodology was evaluated by considering two different case studies of restoration issues on CH surfaces and monitoring them over time. The results were presented with a colormap visualization for each category of the detected change in the analysis. The proposed segmentation method will help in the field of conservation and restoration for the documentation and quantification of geometrical surface change information. This analysis can help in decision-making for the assessment of damage and potential prevention of further damage, and the interpretation of measurement results.
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Spring, Adam P. "History of Laser Scanning, Part 2: The Later Phase of Industrial and Heritage Applications." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 86, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 479–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.86.8.479.
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The second part of this article examines the transition of midrange terrestrial laser scanning (<small>TLS</small>)–from applied research to applied markets. It looks at the crossover of technologies; their connection to broader developments in computing and microelectronics; and changes made based on application. The shift from initial uses in on-board guid- ance systems and terrain mapping to tripod-based survey for as-built documentation is a main focus. Origins of terms like digital twin are identified and, for the first time, the earliest examples of cultural heritage (<small>CH</small>) based midrange <small>TLS</small> scans are shown and explained. Part two of this history of laser scanning is a comprehensive analysis upto the year 2020.
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Achille, C., C. Tommasi, F. Rechichi, F. Fassi, and E. De Filippis. "TOWARDS AN ADVANCED CONSERVATION STRATEGY: A STRUCTURED DATABASE FOR SHARING 3D DOCUMENTATION BETWEEN EXPERT USERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 19, 2019): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-9-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Nowadays, the researchers in Cultural Heritage fields investigate more and more about advanced conservation strategies that comprehend the possibility to share and use 3D models and structured information related to them. One of the modern method adopted to achieve this goal is to use structured web-platform. These are online systems that can handle data, created to contain and support precise information. They simultaneously respond to the need for a <q>common</q> ground for different expert users and of a unique tool where to store several kinds of data, coming from heterogeneous sources. The article aims to show how it is possible to build a valid tool for the conservation and monitoring activities of CH, following the national and international legislation and the specific needs of the application field. In particular, it will deepen the criteria to build a 3D model that has to link a database of information, specifying the logic behind it. In the same way, it will show how to structure a database collaborating with the local institutions and experts, following the real needs of the site. The benefit is that this kind of tools gives to the multi-disciplinary works and projects a shared environment for storing and view a different type of data. They can help both the access intended to the conservation activities and both they can open to the public. The application field is the Sacri Monti circuit, which is part of the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2003.</p>
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Bordinhon Ribeira, Aviter. "PERSISTÊNCIA NO ESPAÇO URBANO DOS EDIFÍCIOS DA DÉCADA DE 1940 EM PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP - A ESTAÇÃO FERROVIÁRIA: INVENTÁRIO E SALVAGUARDA." Colloquium Humanarum 11, no. 3 (December 20, 2014): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ch.2014.v11.n3.h177.
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The objective of this study is to conduct an investigation about architectural heritage of Presidente Prudente. The study approaches about the building of the railway station from the 1940s, features art-deco and protomoderno, which still remains in the city space.The first building was inaugurated in 1926 and it had to be demolished, because, a newstation, bigger and more modern building would be built at the same place; it was inaugurated in 1944. Disabling the railway in Brazil generated the abandonment and/or changed the functionality of the railway stations.;in the case of Presidente Prudente it has housed the Procon Foundation and SEMST, whose building has undergone modifications and changes to accord new uses. Therefore, the research developed the inventory of the Railway Station ranging from historical documentation, photographic surveys, architectural-metric and also the diagnosis of their current condition.
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Chiabrando, F., G. Sammartano, and A. Spanò. "HISTORICAL BUILDINGS MODELS AND THEIR HANDLING VIA 3D SURVEY: FROM POINTS CLOUDS TO USER-ORIENTED HBIM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b5-633-2016.
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This paper retraces some research activities and application of 3D survey techniques and Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the environment of Cultural Heritage. It describes the diffusion of as-built BIM approach in the last years in Heritage Assets management, the so-called Built Heritage Information Modelling/Management (BHIMM or HBIM), that is nowadays an important and sustainable perspective in documentation and administration of historic buildings and structures. <br><br> The work focuses the documentation derived from 3D survey techniques that can be understood like a significant and unavoidable knowledge base for the BIM conception and modelling, in the perspective of a coherent and complete management and valorisation of CH. It deepens potentialities, offered by 3D integrated survey techniques, to acquire productively and quite easilymany 3D information, not only geometrical but also radiometric attributes, helping the recognition, interpretation and characterization of state of conservation and degradation of architectural elements. From these data, they provide more and more high descriptive models corresponding to the geometrical complexity of buildings or aggregates in the well-known 5D (3D + time and cost dimensions). <br><br> Points clouds derived from 3D survey acquisition (aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry, LiDAR and their integration) are reality-based models that can be use in a semi-automatic way to manage, interpret, and moderately simplify geometrical shapes of historical buildings that are examples, as is well known, of non-regular and complex geometry, instead of modern constructions with simple and regular ones. In the paper, some of these issues are addressed and analyzed through some experiences regarding the creation and the managing of HBIMprojects on historical heritage at different scales, using different platforms and various workflow. The paper focuses on LiDAR data handling with the aim to manage and extract geometrical information; on development and optimization of semi-automatic process of segmentation, recognition and modelling of historical shapes of complex structures; on communication of historical heritage by virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) in a 3D reconstruction of buildings aggregates from a LiDAR and UAV survey. The HBIM model have been implemented and optimized to be managed and browse by mobile devices for not only touristic or informative scopes, but also to ensure that HBIM platforms will become more easy and valuable tools helping all professionals of AEC involved in the documentation and valorisation process, that nowadays more and more distinguish CH policies.
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Kolokoussis, P., M. Skamantzari, S. Tapinaki, V. Karathanassi, and A. Georgopoulos. "3D AND HYPERSPECTRAL DATA INTEGRATION FOR ASSESSING MATERIAL DEGRADATION IN MEDIEVAL MASONRY HERITAGE BUILDINGS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-583-2021.
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Abstract. Cultural Heritage (CH) is a domain which has been greatly affected by climate change in the past decades. At the same time Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been greatly exploited to contribute to the holistic documentation, to support conservation and preservation actions. In order to move further on from the interdisciplinary approach to the holistic approach on Cultural Heritage the fusion of data from various sensors is the next goal. This paper focuses on the exploitation and integration of close-range 3D and Hyperspectral data from four Cultural Heritage buildings of Rhodes in order to assess material degradation. The methodology and data processing for this integration are presented as well as the useful and promising results of this approach which lead to further analysis and future work. The research is conducted within the framework of an EU funded project.
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Scianna, Andrea, and Marcello La Guardia. "Survey and Photogrammetric Restitution of Monumental Complexes: Issues and Solutions—The Case of the Manfredonic Castle of Mussomeli." Heritage 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 774–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010050.
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The latest results obtained through photogrammetric restitution enhanced by GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) survey achieved increased levels of accuracy. These survey solutions are used to rapidly obtain a detailed model with an excellent level of accuracy (centimetric) with cheaper equipment. However, the contour conditions are not always favorable for obtaining the best results in a simple way. The work presented in this paper shows the survey and the photogrammetric restitution of the Manfredonic Castle of Mussomeli in Sicily, developed as a part of the PON NEPTIS European Project, aimed at the valorization of Cultural Heritage (CH). This case is a typical example of a complex survey carried out in an impervious environment where traditional survey procedures are totally useless or require a longer amount of time and great effort if a high level of accuracy is requested. In this case, considering the natural conditions of the site, the only way to perform the task has been the use of photogrammetric restitution based on UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) technologies and GNSS survey. The precision obtained from the results allowed us to create a geometric 3D reconstruction of the monumental complex of the castle for the valorization of the site, which was the main goal of the whole process. The procedure that is the focus of this work is a test of rapid 3D CH survey and documentation in an impervious environment.
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Malinverni, E. S., R. Pierdicca, F. Di Stefano, M. Sturari, M. Mameli, E. Frontoni, R. Orazi, and F. Colosi. "HOW TO EXTRACT USEFUL INFORMATION ABOUT THE DECAY OF BASS RELIEVES IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 4, 2019): 785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-785-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Cultural Heritage goods represent the memory and the history of the civilization. Notwithstanding, there are not sufficient public resources to guarantee their preservation and maintenance. Nowadays between several geomatic techniques available, the pillar for the preservation of mankinds heritage is the low cost close photogrammetric acquisition. The advantages of virtual reconstructions based on Multi View Stereo (MVS) and Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms is extended from the heritage documentation to its virtualization or modelling. The digital preservation of archaeological sites is committed in more agile and friendly procedures that give automatic extraction of information to perform in depth analysis over ancient artefacts. In the field of CH research, the characterization and classification of the conservation state of the materials composing the surface of the artefacts are essential to study their damage. The first step for conservation state of a goods is the study of the changes in different times. The possibility to automatically study this time modification due to different factor represents a key point for the archaeologists’ work. With this in mind, the aim of this work is to propose a completely automatic methods for change detection between three data set acquired in different époques. The work flow applied is based on the unsupervised clustering techniques applied on a combination of two type of differences images. The results, unlike the objective, demonstrate that the unsupervised methods are not effectiveness in the CH study, instead of the supervised methods that outperforms in terms of reliability of results.</p>
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Kersten, Thomas, Daniel Drenkhan, and Simon Deggim. "Virtual Reality Application of the Fortress Al Zubarah in Qatar Including Performance Analysis of Real-Time Visualisation." KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information 71, no. 4 (November 10, 2021): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42489-021-00092-1.
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AbstractTechnological advancements in the area of Virtual Reality (VR) in the past years have the potential to fundamentally impact our everyday lives. VR makes it possible to explore a digital world with a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) in an immersive, embodied way. In combination with current tools for 3D documentation, modelling and software for creating interactive virtual worlds, VR has the means to play an important role in the conservation and visualisation of cultural heritage (CH) for museums, educational institutions and other cultural areas. Corresponding game engines offer tools for interactive 3D visualisation of CH objects, which makes a new form of knowledge transfer possible with the direct participation of users in the virtual world. However, to ensure smooth and optimal real-time visualisation of the data in the HMD, VR applications should run at 90 frames per second. This frame rate is dependent on several criteria including the amount of data or number of dynamic objects. In this contribution, the performance of a VR application has been investigated using different digital 3D models of the fortress Al Zubarah in Qatar with various resolutions. We demonstrate the influence on real-time performance by the amount of data and the hardware equipment and that developers of VR applications should find a compromise between the amount of data and the available computer hardware, to guarantee a smooth real-time visualisation with approx. 90 fps (frames per second). Therefore, CAD models offer a better performance for real-time VR visualisation than meshed models due to the significant reduced data volume.
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Vila-Chã, Eduarda, Alberto Barontini, and Paulo B. Lourenço. "Implementation of a Condition Monitoring Strategy for the Monastery of Salzedas, Portugal: Challenges and Optimisation." Buildings 13, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030719.
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The implementation of condition monitoring for damage identification and the generation of a reliable digital twin are essential elements of preventive conservation. The application of this promising approach to Cultural Heritage (CH) sites is deemed truly beneficial, constituting a minimally invasive mitigation strategy and a cost-effective decision-making tool. In this light, the present work focuses on establishing an informative virtual model as a platform for the conservation of the monastery of Santa Maria de Salzedas, a CH building located in the north of Portugal. The platform is the first step towards the generation of the digital twin and is populated with existing documentation as well as new information collected within the scope of an inspection and diagnosis programme. At this stage, the virtual model encompasses the main cloister, whose structural condition and safety raised concerns in the past and required the implementation of urgent remedial measures. In the definition of a vibration-based condition monitoring strategy for the south wing of the cloister, five modes were identified by carrying out an extensive dynamic identification. Nonetheless, significant challenges emerged due to the low amplitude of the ambient-induced vibrations and the intrusiveness of the activities. To this end, a data-driven Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) approach was followed, testing and comparing five heuristic methods to define a good trade-off between the number of sensors and the quality of the collected information. The results showed that these algorithms for OSP allow the selection of sensor locations with good signal strength.
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Ayatiningsih, Ayatiningsih. "ENGLISH WORDS PRODUCTION OF A FEMALE SYRIAN STUDENT OF AN ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN INDONESIA." Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v5i1.1351.
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Second Language Acquisition (SLA) is of paramount importance in second or foreign language, in this case English, learning. Thus, it is necessary to figure out how a learner acquires English language in non-English speaking countries. This study was aimed at investigating how a female Syirian student living in Indonesia acquires English as her third language and how she enriches English vocabularies. This research was presented in qualitative approach. The participants were a Syrian female student, Louren Haidar, her parents, her friends and also her english teacher. To collect the data, observation, interview and documentation were conducted. The result of the study showed that Lauren acquired English mostly from classroom activities where her teachers played the biggest role. To enrich vocabularies Laured did some strategies such as Arabic-English translation, writing down the new words, and reading a lot. One of the hardest challenges she faced was pronuncing certain sounds in English such as /p/ and /b/, /v/ vs. /f/, /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ ch + j.