Relevant bibliographies by topics / CFRP-reinforced steel structures

Academic literature on the topic 'CFRP-reinforced steel structures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "CFRP-reinforced steel structures"

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WU, CHAO, XIAO LING ZHAO, RIADH AL-MAHAIDI, and WEN HUI DUAN. "MODE I STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR OF CENTER-CRACKED TENSILE STEEL PLATES WITH CFRP REINFORCEMENT." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 13, no. 01 (February 2013): 1350005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455413500053.

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Advanced carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) demonstrates promise for the fatigue strengthening of steel structures. By decreasing the stress field at the crack tip, the stress intensity factors (SIFs) can be effectively reduced by CFRP reinforcement. In this paper, the mode I SIF of CFRP-reinforced center-cracked tensile (CCT) steel plate is proposed based on a series of fatigue tests. The selected fatigue tests include experiments conducted by the authors as well as fatigue tests reported in the literature, covering different CFRP systems (low/high modulus, CFRP sheeting/plate) with various CFRP strengthening dimensions. The classical mode I SIF of CCT steel plate without CFRP strengthening is selected as the basis of the proposed solution. Then two reduction factors, similar to the correction factors given in the Japanese Society of Steel Construction (JSSC) standard, are introduced to study the effects of the mechanical properties of CFRP composites and the geometries of the CFRP reinforcement, respectively. Modified SIFs for both single-side CFRP-reinforced and double-side CFRP-reinforced CCT steel plates are proposed. It is found that the experimental SIFs of CFRP-reinforced CCT steel plates can be reasonably captured by the proposed mode I SIF formula. Finally, parametric studies for investigating the sensitivity of SIF to various mechanical and geometric factors are presented.
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M.A. Gharib, W.H. Khushefati, M.A. Khedr, and E.Y. Sayed-Ahmed. "Performance of steel beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP laminate." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 15 (June 1, 2015): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.15203.

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Prestressed Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) system is generally used for strengthening reinforced concrete beams where CFRP laminate can improve both the strength and serviceability behaviour of reinforced concrete beams via increasing the overall member stiffness. However, the applicability of this technique to strengthening steel structures is still lagging behind its application to concrete structures. In this study, the flexural behaviour of steel I-beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP laminate using a mechanical anchorage system is experimentally investigated. A total of nine steel beams subjected to flexural loading are tested in various conditions to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening system. The experimental investigation confirmed that CFRP prestressing increases the ultimate load of the strengthened steel beams and moderately delays the premature debonding failure of the CFRP laminate. Even with low level of CFRP prestressing, significant enhancement in the ultimate load of the strengthened beam was recorded. Beams strengthened using non-prestressed CFRP laminate mainly failed due to premature debonding of the laminate with a slight increase in the failure load. Mechanical end anchorages maintain the CFRP laminate prestress after releasing the jacking force without encountering any debonding of the CFRP laminate till final failure of the strengthened steel beam. The results of the experimental programme and its outcomes are presented and discussed.
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Wang, Lei, Jiwang Zhang, Changshi Huang, and Feng Fu. "Comparative Study of Steel-FRP, FRP and Steel-Reinforced Coral Concrete Beams in Their Flexural Performance." Materials 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 2097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092097.

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In this study, a comparative study of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar and steel–carbon fiber composite bar (SCFCB) reinforced coral concrete beams was made through a series of experimental tests and theoretical analyses. The flexural capacity, crack development and failure modes of CFRP and SCFCB-reinforced coral concrete were investigated in detail. They were also compared to ordinary steel-reinforced coral concrete beams. The results show that under the same conditions of reinforcement ratios, the SCFCB-reinforced beams exhibit better performance than CFRP-reinforced beams, and stiffness is slightly lower than that of steel-reinforced beams. Under the same load conditions, the crack width of SCFCB beams was between that of steel-reinforced beams and CFRP bar-reinforced beams. Before the steel core yields, the crack growth rate of SCFCB beam is similar to the steel-reinforced beams. SCFCB has a higher strength utilization rate—about 70–85% of its ultimate strength. Current design guidance was also examined based on the test results. It was found that the existing design specifications for FRP-reinforced normal concrete is not suitable for SCFCB-reinforced coral concrete structures.
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Wang, Xiao Chu, and Hong Bin Nie. "Research of the CFRP Strengthened Reinforced Concrete Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.579.

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This paper analyzes mainly that the CFRP reinforced concrete research and FRP cloth reinforced characteristics and advantages, and from the material aspects illustrate the CFRP cloth’s faults. For different components, materials, and the nonlinear programming and analysis, through the integral, combination, discrete type three calculation model of material and materials between, namely, concrete, steel, concrete and reinforced, GFRP cloth, concrete and CFRP cloth the constitutive relation analysis, this paper expounds the present research, points out the existing limitations of the present study and later the research direction. Finally, the paper draw the conclusion that the column and beam mechanical strength, toughness, and crack resistance, impact resistant properties and durability of these aspects to illustrate the superiority of the CFRP reinforced concrete. That fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening, repairing concrete has broad prospects for development.
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Othman, Zrar Sedeeq, and Ahmed Heidayet Mohammad. "Behaviour of Eccentric Concrete Columns Reinforced with Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Bars." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (July 22, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1769212.

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The use of steel bars as reinforcement is not preferred in some concrete structures because steel causes corrosion or electric magnetic field problems. One of the best alternatives to steel bars is carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. The experimental program consisted of 18 reinforced rectangular concrete columns under different eccentric loadings. Out of the 18 columns, 15 were reinforced with CFRP longitudinal rebars and ties and 3 were reinforced with conventional steel rebars and ties as reference columns. The following parameters were included in this study: the replacement of steel with CFRP bars, eccentricity of load, longitudinal reinforcement ratios, and tie spacing. Test results in terms of load-strain, load-mid height deflection curves, and crack patterns showed that the column reinforced with CFRP bars behaved similarly to the concrete column reinforced with conventional steel bars with a slight difference in axial and flexural capacity. The increment in CFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratios from 1.4% to 2.0% and 3.6% reasonably increased the maximum carrying capacity for different eccentricities used herein. The axial ratios of experimental to theoretical results (PExp./PTheor.) were determined for specimens in the present work and those from previous studies to assess the efficiency of the theoretical models.
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Satria Yoresta, Fengky, Ryotaro Maruta, Genki Mieda, and Yukihiro Matsumoto. "Strengthening of steel member using unbonded CFRP laminates." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015605025.

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Excellent mechanical and physical properties make carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) the best options for repair, retrofit, and rehabilitation of civil engineering structures. A great success on application of this material in reinforced concrete (RC) structures has attracted much attention from many researchers to develop it in combination with steel. The number of studies on the use of CFRP composites for strengthening steel structures has still been limited and needs to be more explored. To date, the research in this field has mainly focused on CFRP strengthening with adhesively-bonded technique. This paper reports an experimental study to investigate the performance of slender axial compression steel members partially strengthened with unbonded CFRP composites. The requirements for stiffener to prevent buckling occurred in stiffening region are derived from structural equilibrium conditions. Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VaRTM) method is adopted to form CFRP laminates in the strengthened specimens. Totally eight small scale specimens are tested, and it is clear from the test that improvement in load-carrying capacity can be achieved by using CFRP.
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Piątek, Bartosz, Tomasz Siwowski, Jerzy Michałowski, and Stanisław Błażewicz. "Development of Bonded/Riveted Steel Anchorages of Prestressed CFRP Strips for Concrete Strengthening." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 12, 2020): 2217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102217.

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CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) strips are currently often used to strengthen reinforced concrete structures in flexure. In order to ensure effective strengthening, proper connection between FRP material and concrete structure is needed. CFRP strips can be applied passively (only by bonding to the concrete surface) or actively (by prestressing before bonding). In the case of passive strengthening, CFRP strips connecting by bonding to the surface along the strengthened element are usually sufficient. However, active (prestressing) CFRP strips should be additionally anchored at their ends. Anchoring of unidirectional CFRP strips to the reinforced concrete is difficult because of their weak properties in transverse directions. The paper presents a development of mechanical steel anchorages used in an active CFRP flexural strengthening system for reinforced concrete structures. The anchorages were made of steel plates connected to CFRP strips with steel rivets and epoxy adhesive. They were developed within series of tests on specimens from small-scale to full-scale tested in an axial tensile scheme. The paper describes successive modifications of the anchorages as well as the results of full-scale tests. The final version of the anchorage developed during the research had a tensile failure force of 185 kN, which is sufficient value for CFRP strengthening purposes.
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Keykha, Amir Hamzah. "A Numerical Investigation on the Structural Behavior of Deficient Steel Frames Strengthened using CFRP Composite." Civil Engineering Dimension 20, no. 1 (April 7, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.20.1.1-7.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) is one of the materials that is used to strengthen steel structures. Most studies on CFRP strengthening steel on structures have been done on beams and steel columns. No independent study has studied the effect of CFRP strengthening on the structural behavior of steel frames having initial deficiency.The deficiency in steel structures may be created due to the errors caused by construction and others.This study aims to carry out a numerical study on the efficiency of CFRP sheet on strengthening square hollow section (SHS) steel frames having initial deficiency. Seven specimens, five of which were strengthened using CFRP sheets, were analyzed. ANSYS software was used to analyze the SHS steel frames. The results showed that the coverage length, the width, and the number of CFRP layers have a significant effect on increasing and recovering the ultimate load capacity of the SHS steel frames having initial deficiency.
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Dong, Chen Song. "Experimental Study on Strengthening of Steel Structures with Fiber Reinforced Plastic." Advanced Materials Research 275 (July 2011): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.275.239.

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An experimental study on the strengthening of steel structures with FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) is presented in this paper. Test coupons were prepared by applying FRP patches on both sides of steel coupons. Standard tensile tests were conducted to the test coupons. Two types of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and one type of GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic) were studied. The load and strain data were recorded, and the stiffness and strength were derived. The results show that CFRP provides better strengthening than GFRP, but there is no significant difference between PAN graphite/epoxy and pitch graphite/epoxy laminates.
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Sun, Yanan, Pengfei Li, and Guojin Qin. "Study on Calculation of Bearing Capacity of Axially Loaded CFRP-Strengthened Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Lipped Channel Steel Columns." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (October 19, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9682929.

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With the development of carbon fiber reinforced composites and the continuous improvement of the properties of bonding agents, scholars recommended using carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) to enhance cold-formed thin-walled C-shaped steel structures. It can provide a fast and effective way to strengthen and repair damaged steel structures. However, discussion on the bearing capacity calculation of cold-formed thin-walled C-section steel column strengthened by CFRP was limited. Also, the relevant influencing factors (the number of CFRP reinforcement layers), the orientation of CFRP (horizontal, vertical), and the location of CFRP reinforcement (web + flanges + lips, web + flanges, web, and flanges) were overlooked in calculating the bearing capacity of cold-formed thin-walled C-section steel column strengthened by CFRP. Then, the calculation result of the load capacity will be inaccurate. This work, therefore, studied the effects of CFRP reinforcement layers, CFRP direction, and CFRP reinforcement position on the ultimate load of CFRP-strengthened cold-formed thin-walled C-section steel column. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of cold-formed thin-walled steel strengthened by CFRP was established to discuss the bearing capacity under axial compression. Furthermore, a method for calculating the bearing capacity of the CFRP-strengthened cold-formed thin-walled C-section steel column was proposed based on the direct strength methods (DSM). The results indicate that not only the slenderness ratio, section size, and length of members but also the number of CFRP reinforcement layers and orientation of CFRP have an impact on the calculation of bearing capacity. The equation modified in this work has excellent accuracy and adaptability. Predicting the bearing capacity of reinforced members is necessary to give full play to the performance of CFRP accurately. Thus, the methods proposed can provide a reference value for practical engineering.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CFRP-reinforced steel structures"

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Schnerch, David. "Strengthening of Steel Structures with High Modulus Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Materials." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06152005-090112/.

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Transportation departments and the telecommunications industry are currently demanding cost-effective rehabilitation and/or strengthening techniques for steel structures, including bridges and monopole towers. Rehabilitation is often required due to cross-section losses resulting from corrosion damage and strengthening may be required due to changes in the use of a structure. Current strengthening techniques, have several disadvantages including their cost, need to match the surface configuration of the existing structure, poor fatigue performance and the need for ongoing maintenance due to continued corrosion attack. The current research program makes use of new high modulus types of carbon fiber for strengthening steel structures. The experimental program was developed in four phases. These phases included the selection of suitable resins and adhesives for bonding the CFRP sheets and strips to the steel, characterization the bond to the steel through testing of the development length, performing large-scale tests on strengthened steel monopole towers and also determining the behavior of strengthened steel-concrete composite beams that are typical of bridge structures. The result of the experimental program was the demonstration of sizeable strength and stiffness increases for the steel structures, strengthened with the developed system. Analytical work has also been completed to predict these strength and stiffness increases as well as to determine the bond stresses to ensure the avoidance of a debonding failure, which is detrimental to the effective use of the high modulus CFRP material.
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Batuwitage, Chamila Rajeev Jayanath. "Evaluation of environmental durability and bond characteristics of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened steel structures." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106775/1/Chamila%20Rajeev%20Jayanath_Batuwitage_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis evaluates the environmental durability and bond characteristics of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP)-strengthened steel structures. The findings of this research provide a valuable contribution to the knowledge of CFRP-steel strengthening systems which can be used to evaluate the durability performance of CFRP-steel strengthening systems. Various parameters which related to the durability of CFRP-steel strengthening systems were investigated and evaluated. The outcomes of this research will be beneficial to the structural engineers when designing and assessing CFRP-steel systems.
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Stanford, Kirk Alan. "STRENGTHENING OF STEEL STRUCTURES WITH HIGH MODULUS CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMERS (CFRP) MATERIALS: BOND AND DEVELOPMENT LENGTH STUDY." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12202008-112409/.

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Cost-effective solutions for the rehabilitation and strengthening of steel structures, such as steel bridges and steel monopole towers used for cellular phone antennas, are greatly needed by government transportation departments and industry. Rehabilitation is often required due to loss of cross-section from corrosion and/or changes of the demand or use of a structure. Current techniques for strengthening steel structures have several drawbacks including requiring heavy equipment for installation, their fatigue performance, in addition to the need for ongoing maintenance due to continued corrosion attack. The current research program proposed the use of a new high modulus carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) for strengthening of steel structures. This program includes extensive research to select the resin for wet lay-up of carbon fiber sheets and the adhesives for bonding of pre-cured laminate strips. The bond behavior of FRP materials to steel structures is quite different from that of concrete structures. Preliminary test results showed the occurrence of very high bond stresses for most strengthening applications due to the amount of strengthening required for developing the material for steel structures and bridges.
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Tafsirojjaman, Tafsirojjaman. "Mitigation of seismic and cyclic loading actions on steel structures by FRP strengthening." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207918/1/Tafsirojjaman_Tafsirojjaman_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis aimed to develop an effective technique to mitigate the cyclic and seismic loading actions on steel structure by FRP strengthening. Extensive study has been done to understand the structural performance of FRP strengthened steel members, beam-column connections under monotonic and cyclic loading and FRP strengthened steel frames under seismic loading through experimental testing, finite element (FE) modelling and theoretical approach. The developed finite element and theoretical model predicted the structural responses of FRP strengthened steel structures accurately. The results showed that the FRP strengthening can effectively mitigate the cyclic and seismic loading actions on the steel structure.
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Kaiser, Richard Lawrence. "Analysis and Connection of Lightweight CFRP Sandwich Panels for Use as Floor Diaphragms in Structural Steel Buildings." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/321006.

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A lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sandwich panel has been developed for floor use in commercial office building construction. CFRP laminate skins were combined with low-density rigid polyurethane foam to create a composite sandwich panel suitable for floor use. The CFRP sandwich panel was optimized to withstand code prescribed office-building live loads using a 3D finite element computer program called SolidWorks. The thickness of the polyurethane foam was optimized to meet both strength and serviceability requirements for gravity loading. Deflection ultimately was the controlling factor in the design, as the stresses in the composite materials remained relatively low. The CFRP sandwich panel was then subjected to combined gravity and lateral loading, which included seismic loads from a fictitious 5-story office building located in a region of high seismic risk. The results showed that CFRP sandwich panels are a viable option for use with floors, possessing sufficient strength and stiffness for meeting code prescribed design loads, while providing significant benefits over traditional construction materials.
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Arquez, Ana Paula. "Aplicação de laminado de polímero reforçado com fibras de carbono (PRFC) inserido em substrato de microconcreto com fibras de aço para reforço à flexão de vigas de concreto armado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-29062010-114146/.

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O reforço de elementos estruturais de concreto armado com uso de polímeros reforçados com fibras de carbono (PRFC) está cada vez mais conhecido, seguro e acessível. Em todo o mundo, a aplicação do PRFC vem sendo estudada sob diversas técnicas. Características como elevada resistência à tração e à corrosão, baixo peso, facilidade e rapidez de aplicação são os principais fatores para essa disseminação. Em particular, a técnica aqui estudada é conhecida como Near Surface Mounted (NSM), que consiste na inserção de laminados de PRFC em entalhes realizados no concreto de cobrimento de elementos de concreto armado. Com dupla área de aderência, ela vem a suprir uma deficiência comum no reforço colado externamente, que é o seu destacamento prematuro. Como nas demais técnicas de reforço à flexão, o material é colado na região do concreto tracionado. Sabe-se que, na prática da intervenção, essa região frequentemente encontra-se danificada por razões diversas, como fissuração causada por ações externas, corrosão da armadura e deterioração do concreto, o que exige a sua prévia reparação. Considerando que a boa qualidade desse reparo é imprescindível à eficiência do reforço, propõe-se uma inovação técnica pela reconstituição da face tracionada da viga com um compósito cimentício de alto desempenho, que sirva como substrato para aplicação do PRFC e elemento de transferência de esforços à estrutura a ser reforçada. Produzido à base de cimento Portland, fibras e microfibras de aço, o compósito tem também potencial para retardar a abertura de fissuras e aumentar a rigidez da viga, melhorando o aproveitamento do reforço. Com apoio da mecânica do fraturamento, foi possível encontrar as taxas de fibras e microfibras de aço a serem adicionadas a uma matriz cimentícia especialmente desenvolvida. Foram realizados ensaios de aderência para estudar o processo de transferência de tensões cisalhantes do laminado para o compósito na zona de ancoragem da viga. Uma vez conhecido o comportamento do sistema, foram ensaiadas vigas de concreto armado de tamanho representativo de estruturas reais, em três diferentes versões de ancoragem do laminado, sendo duas delas com uso do compósito cimentício. Comprovou-se a eficiência da inovação proposta, constatando-se o aumento da rigidez e da capacidade de carga da viga reforçada, com excelente aproveitamento do laminado. Além disso, as fibras e microfibras diminuíram a abertura das fissuras em estágios mais avançados de carregamento, sem que se observasse fissuras horizontais próxima ao reforço, que poderiam indicar destacamento iminente do laminado de PRFC.
Strengthening of reinforced concrete elements with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is increasingly well known, safe and accessible. The application of CFRP has been studied worldwide using various techniques. Features like high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, lightweightness and easy and speedy application are the main factors for dissemination. In particular, the technique here analyzed is known as Near Surface Mounted (NSM), which involves inserting CFRP strips into grooves made on the concrete cover of reinforced concrete elements. With double bonding area, this technique avoids the premature peeling-off that usually takes place in externally bonded CFRP reinforcement. As in others flexural strengthening techniques, the material is bonded in the concrete tension region. It is known in strengthening practice that this region usually requires prior repair. Often it shows up damaged by several reasons such as cracking caused by external actions, reinforcement corrosion and deterioration of the concrete. Whereas the good quality of this repair is essential to strengthening efficiency, an innovative technique is proposed. A high-performance cementitious composite is used as a transition layer for insertion of CFRP strips. The composite is made of Portland cement, steel fibers and microfibers of steel. It also has the potential to delay crack opening and to increase the beam stiffness. Based on fracture mechanics, it was possible to find suitable volume fractions of steel fibers and microfibers to be added to the cementitious matrix. Bonding tests were performed to analyze the shear stress transferring from the CFRP laminate to the beam anchorage zone. Once known the system behavior, real size reinforced concrete beams were tested in three different versions of the anchorage conditions, two of them with use of cementitious composites. The efficiency of the proposed innovation was proved by confirming increased stiffness and load capacity of the strengthened beam. In addition, fibers and microfibers allowed the decrease of the crack opening in later loading steps. No horizontal cracks near to the reinforcement were noticed, which means that CFRP laminate peeling-off was not likely to occur.
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Book chapters on the topic "CFRP-reinforced steel structures"

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Li, Jingrong, and Ye Lu. "Guided Wave Based Debonding Detection in CFRP-Reinforced Steel Structures." In Advances in Asset Management and Condition Monitoring, 1013–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57745-2_84.

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Haedir, J., X. Zhao, R. Grzebieta, and M. Bambach. "Strength design of CFRP-reinforced steel tubular beams." In Incorporating Sustainable Practice in Mechanics and Structures of Materials, 475–80. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10571-84.

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WANG, Q., G. WANG, and F. HAN. "Experimental study on concentrically compressed stub columns reinforced by concrete filled CFRP-steel tube." In Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, 671–76. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044637-0/50098-6.

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WANG, Q., J. XU, and Y. NING. "Theoretical analysis about concentrically compressed concrete stub columns reinforced by concrete filled CFRP-steel tube." In Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, 677–82. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044637-0/50099-8.

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Colombi, Pierluigi, Nicola Panzeri, and Carlo Poggi. "EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STEEL ELEMENTS REINFORCED BY ADHESIVELY BONDED CFRP PLATES." In Advanced Polymer Composites for Structural Applications in Construction, 245–57. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845690649.3.245.

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Conference papers on the topic "CFRP-reinforced steel structures"

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C., Haydaroglu, Turker A., Taskin K., and Celik O. C. "Cyclic Testing of Tubular Steel Braces with CFRP Reinforced Net Sections." In 4th International Conference on Steel & Composite Structures. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-6218-3_ss-we010.

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Xiong, Zhihua, Wenwen Li, Yang Meng, and Chenyu Zhao. "Fatigue Performance Evaluation of FRP Reinforced Steel Tubular K- Joint." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1560.

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<p>Welded steel tubular joints have been widely used in bridge engineering, but fatigue cracks are common in the joints under cyclic loads due to structural discontinuity and manufacturing defects. The formation and development of cracks have a great influence on the bearing capacity of joints, and even lead to the lack of safety of joints, thus the normal use of joints is affected. In this paper, for the cracked tubular K-joints under fatigue load, the change of stress intensity factor (SIF) before and after reinforced with carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is discussed by numerical simulation. The influence of the number of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer layers on the SIF of the reinforced joints is also discussed. The numerical simulation results show that the SIF can be effectively reduced by using CFRP to strengthen joint, and the fatigue performance of the joints can be greatly improved.</p>
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Huang, Wei, Lingyu Sun, Yantao Chu, Cheng Zhang, and Lijun Li. "Parametric Modeling and Optimization of CFRP/Steel Adhesive Structures." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71223.

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Adhesive bonding of composite structures has been widely applied in aviation, aerospace, automotive and other industry fields due to the advantages of no holes required, no stress concentration, relative light weight, corrosion resistance and capability of connecting dissimilar materials. However, the strength of joining is greatly influenced by the properties of adhesives and surface treatment of adherents, the geometry and dimension of joints, loading and environmental factors, as well as the curing process and so on. When the finite element (FE) method is used to investigate the influence of above factors on structural response and to optimize the joining design, parametric modeling is required to avoid huge repetitive preprocess work at each evaluation. In this paper, the three-dimensional parametric FE models of Single Lap Joint (SLJ) between carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and steel was established and updated based on the published test data. Using the verified parametric model, the influence of adhesive layer thickness and relative stiffness on the joining strength is investigated, and the results provide a theoretical basis for the design of adhesion joints between CFRP and steel.
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Li, Zongchen, Xiaoli Jiang, and Hans Hopman. "Numerical Investigation on Surface Crack Growth in Steel Plates Repaired With Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95746.

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Abstract Fatigue crack growth is a major challenge to the structural integrity of steel structures. In technical practice, surface cracks are of great importance since cracks in components and structures often exhibit this geometry. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening technology is a reliable technique to repair cracks in steel structures. Yet the investigation on FRP repairing surface cracks in steel structures is lacking. What’s more, the crack growth might cause crack-induced debonding at the interface of FRP reinforcement, generating negative effects to the reinforcement effectiveness. Unfortunately, there are limited studies in the open literature for this issue. In this paper, we conduct the investigation on surface crack growth in steel plates reinforced with Carbon Fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) under tensile load. Three-dimensional finite element models are built to predict the stress intensity factors of the surface cracks. The crack-induced debonding is considered in the finite element analysis by introducing the cohesive zone model and a bond failure criterion. In accordance with Paris law, surface crack growth rate of different models are predicted. The influential parameters of crack-induced debonding are analyzed by means of parametric studies. The results indicate that CFRP reinforcement could significantly decrease the surface crack growth rate, while the crack-induced debonding might generate negative effect on CFRP reinforcement. In addition, the crack-induced debonding is affected by not only the interfacial properties, but also the reinforcement scheme, such as thickness of the adhesive layer, CFRP layer number and its elastic modulus, and the depth of surface cracks.
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Liu, Yanhui, Al-Bukhaiti Khalil, Shichun Zhao, Abas Hussein, Xu Nan, Yang Lang, Yu Yan Xing, and Daguang Han. "Experimental and numerical study on unequal lateral impact behavior of Circular RC and CFRPRC components." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.1890.

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<p>The dynamic response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers with Reinforced Concrete (CFRPRC) is studied. These tests were performed on RC members covered in one to six layers of CFRP. Once the energy is high, the two components' deflection-time histories are produced. It increases component impact resistance in studies. Component deflection is reduced by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). RC members shear while CFRPRC components bend due to significant concrete damage. It fractures more easily when wrapped with CFRP. The model's predictions match the tests adequately. A numerical simulation study looked at the impact force of members under unequal-span lateral collisions. Regardless of impact velocity, lateral impact on an unequal span induces severe shear failure of RC members. However, CFRPRC component bending deformation reflects impact velocity. Increasing the reinforcement ratio of RC members has little effect on the impact resistance of CFRPRC components. To avoid steel fracture, greater reinforcing ratios are used.</p>
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Feng, Peng, Li Dong, Guozhen Ding, Yiqing Zou, Wei Shi, and Xiang Li. "Engineering Application of Self-anchored Integrated CFRP Cables." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.2070.

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<p>Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials have the advantages of a high strength/weight ratio, corrosion resistance. Bridge construction with CFRP cable rather than steel cables has a wider span, better load capacity, and longer life span. Due to the anisotropy of the CFRP materials, achieving effective anchorage for CFRP cables is challenging. To address this problem, a self- anchored integrated CFRP cable has been proposed. Recently, the novel cable was adopted in a truss bridge in Shanghai. The utilization of the novel cable contributed to rapid construction and ensure structure safety, which is quite attractive for future bridge construction.</p>
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Osman Letelier, Juan Pablo, Alex Hückler, and Mike Schlaich. "Application of Prestressed CFRP Textiles for the Development of Thin- Walled Concrete Structural Elements." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0102.

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<p>The success story of prestressed concrete is based on the utilization of high‐strength prestressing steel which enables large compressive forces to be introduced into the concrete. However, thin‐walled concrete structures often require considerable thicknesses for the sole purpose of preventing corrosion of the steel elements. In this paper the use of prestressed Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) for the development of thin‐walled concrete structural elements is briefly presented. The transition of material to stronger, lighter and corrosion‐resistant CFRP represents a significant improvement in concrete construction. Prestressing with CFRP elements leads to more slender and thereby more economical and durable structural elements. Through the additional prestressing of a reinforcement mesh, very light and highly rigid surface structures can be constructed. Prestressing technologies have been developed and adapted for specific applications i.e. slabs and doubly curved structural elements and validated by experimental tests. This paper shows that prestressed carbon reinforced concrete can be used for more durable and efficient thin‐walled structures, allowing for more sustainable construction.</p>
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Qiang, Xuhong, Yapeng Wu, and Xu Jiang. "Fatigue Performance of Cracked Bridge Diaphragm Repaired by SMA/CFRP Composite Patch." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1650.

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<p>Under long-term service conditions, fatigue cracks are easily generated at the arc-shape cutouts in diaphragm of the orthotropic steel bridge decks when subjected to vehicle-induced vibration and cyclical wheel loads. For repairing cracks in diaphragm, this paper proposes the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets patched crack-stop hole method and shape memory alloys (SMA)/CFRP composite patched crack-stop hole method which introduces prestress by activating SMA. Moreover, in the numerical study the diaphragm model and reinforcement schemes are introduced, and the corresponding finite element model is established. The failure modes and fatigue lives of diaphragm specimens under different repair methods were obtained and compared by fatigue loading tests. It can be found that the bonding of CFRP sheets and SMA/CFRP composite patches can effectively postone the initiation of fatigue cracks and inhibit the propagation of cracks, which are ideal repair methods for strengthening the fatigue cracks of diaphragms in orthotropic steel bridge decks.</p>
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Shen, Yin, Xu Jiang, Xuhong Qiang, and Longlong Chen. "Experimental Study on Simply Supported Bridges of Steel-Concrete Composite Structure Strengthened with Externally Pre-Stressed CFRP Plates." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1641.

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<p>This paper mainly studies the mechanical properties of steel-concrete composite beams reinforced with trapezoidal prestressed un-bonded retrofit (TPUR) system. The prestressing of CFRP plate through the jacking of columns can not only apply the prestressing force to the main beam, but also provide upward lifting force to the bottom of the main beam to reduce the deflection of the original structure. Moreover, the surface treatment of steel beams is not required in the TPUR system, which can improve the speed and efficiency of reinforcement construction. The effects of the amount of CFRP, the prestress level, the height of the pillars and other parameters on the stiffness and bearing capacity of the composite beam are studied through static tests on the scaled model.</p>
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Gowda, Chandan C., Joaquim A. O. Barros, and Maurizio Guadagnini. "Torsional strengthening of thin-walled tubular reinforced concrete structures using NSM-CFRP laminates: Experimental work." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.1712.

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<p>Torsional strengthening of thin walled tubular reinforced concrete elements, such as bridge box girders and spandrel beams, has received only limited attention, and investigations generally focus on the use of conventional strengthening methods such as span shortening, steel encasing, member enlargement, shotcrete etc. However, research on the use of innovative fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) as near surface mounted (NSM) reinforcement for torsional strengthening is still very limited and more work should be undertaken to examine the full potential of the NSM technique over more traditional solutions. The current paper assesses experimentally, four different strengthening configurations using NSM technique applied on three faces of two beams using straight CFRP laminates, and on four faces of two beams using special L-CFRP laminates.</p><p>The results show that the proposed strengthening configurations can effectively control crack propagation and increase the torsional moment carrying capacity of the RC element, thus resulting in increased performance and durability.</p>
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