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Journal articles on the topic 'CFD METHODOLOGY'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Shaikh, J. "A Methodology for Industrial CFD." NAFEMS International Journal of CFD Case Studies 4 (January 2004): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.59972/grz5jq8h.

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The central tenet of this paper is that there is no fixed level of credibility or accuracy that is applicable to all CFD simulations. The required level of accuracy is dependent on the industrial context for the work. This paper describes a framework suggested by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics [1] designed to aid the assessment of the credibility of CFD simulations. The framework distinguishes between Reality, the Conceptual Model of Reality and the Computational CFD model. The processes of Qualification, Verification and Validation are used to assess the levels of Error and Uncertainty within the simulation system. The methodology presented is not exhaustive and is intended to act as a guideline for the assessment of Industrial CFD simulations.

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2

Thelliez, Marina, Andreas Ennemoser, Maria Isabel Segura, and Kang-Ki Lee. "CFD Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction." MTZ worldwide 81, no. 11 (October 9, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-020-0301-z.

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3

Wu, Ran Ran, and Ding Fan. "Air Pressure Reducer Modeling by CFD Methodology." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.547.

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In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology as well as the shear-stress transport (SST) k-omega turbulence model was adopted to model the air pressure reducer (APR). Changing the gas needle’s displacement of APR continuously, the writer obtains the displacement-pressure characteristics of APR. In order to demonstrate the validity of these characteristics, a physical experiment was conducted, which generates another displacement-pressure characteristic. Comparing the two characteristics with a good agreement, it is indicated that the CFD methodology is suitable to study the displacement-pressure characteristics of APR.

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4

Agonafer, D., and A. Vimba. "Solid Model Based Preprocessor to CFD Code for Applications to Electronic Cooling Systems." Journal of Electronic Packaging 119, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792220.

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The use of a solid model based Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool as a preprocessor to a finite control-volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code is presented. Preprocessing includes geometry description, grid generation, definition of material properties, application of boundary conditions, and definition of solution control parameters. The CAD based preprocessor, as opposed to traditional finite control-volume preprocessors, provides the above capabilities in a powerful graphic environment. Using a solid model based CAD tool, work is reduced, and visualization is enhanced employing the capabilities of the three-dimensional solid modeler. In addition, a technique which categorizes control volumes into groups comprising the solid and fluid portions of the problem domain is presented. At the completion of preprocessing, a model appropriate as input to a CFD code is generated. This model is then solved using the CFD program. The process is shown in a tutorial form by considering a two-dimensional turbulent flow problem in an electronic card on board package. Although the methodology shown in this paper focuses on specific CFD and Solid Model programs, the concept can readily be applied to other CFD and/or Solid Model programs.

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Soto, Orlando, Rainald Löhner, and Chi Yang. "An adjoint‐based design methodology for CFD problems." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 14, no. 6 (September 2004): 734–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530410544292.

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6

Mansouri, A., H. Arabnejad, S. A. Shirazi, and B. S. McLaury. "A combined CFD/experimental methodology for erosion prediction." Wear 332-333 (May 2015): 1090–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2014.11.025.

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7

Yao, Zhen-qiu, Hong-cui Shen, and Hui Gao. "A new methodology for the CFD uncertainty analysis." Journal of Hydrodynamics 25, no. 1 (February 2013): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1001-6058(13)60347-9.

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8

Bezzo, F., S. Macchietto, and C. C. Pantelides. "A general methodology for hybrid multizonal/CFD models." Computers & Chemical Engineering 28, no. 4 (April 2004): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2003.08.004.

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9

Bezzo, F., and S. Macchietto. "A general methodology for hybrid multizonal/CFD models." Computers & Chemical Engineering 28, no. 4 (April 2004): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2003.08.010.

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10

Nastac, L., F. R. Dax, and W. Hanusiak. "Methodology for modeling the EB-PVD coating process." Journal de Physique IV 120 (December 2004): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004120035.

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This paper presents a methodology for modeling and analyzing the Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) coating process. The Knudsen (Kn) number for the current processing conditions is near but smaller than 0.1 so the continuum approach (based on Navier-Stokes equations) is still valid though the dilute gas regime is considered. The methodology developed in this work is applied to optimization of the evaporation and deposition rates and patterns of metal vapors on ceramic substrates. The methodology is based on the numerical solution of evaporation, fluid flow, species transfer, heat transfer, and a deposition/condensation kinetics model. The models developed for the analysis of the coating process include an ingot EB-melting/evaporation model, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-vapor distribution/plume dynamics model (chamber model), and a coating-kinetics model. Numerical simulations at the macro-level were conducted using CFD software. The results from the ingot EB-melting/evaporation model are used as input data in the CFD-vapor distribution model. The coating-kinetics model uses as input, data pressure, temperature, and concentration of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti-6-4) vapors computed with the CFD model. To account for the rarefied gas regime (where Knudsen number [Kn] could be larger than 0.1), appropriate low-pressure “boundary slip conditions” with momentum and thermal accommodation coefficients as a function of Kn were used. Numerical results for temperature and Ti-6-4 vapor concentration profiles in the chamber are presented. Experiments conducted at FMW Composite Systems Inc. are also presented.

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11

Trane, Matteo, Guglielmo Ricciardi, Mattia Scalas, and Marta Ellena. "From CFD to GIS: a methodology to implement urban microclimate georeferenced databases." TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, no. 25 (May 30, 2023): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/techne-13661.

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The objective of this paper is to present a methodology for the integration of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) microclimate simulation and a Geographic Information System (GIS). The first workflow involves the attribution of spatial coordinates to the point data extracted from the CFD, the implementation of an SQLite database, and the connection to the database to visualise and use information on environmental and comfort variables. The second workflow involves georeferencing the CFD raster output, attributing an ID to the point data, creating a point grid in a GIS environment, and merging these with the point data on the microclimate. For demonstration purposes, the methodology is tested on a real case study using ENVI-met and ArcGIS Pro.

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12

Liu, Zhi, Julio Cesar G. Silva, Qiao Huang, Yuji Hasemi, Yili Huang, and Zhaoyuan Guo. "Coupled CFD–FEM Simulation Methodology for Fire-Exposed Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 26, no. 10 (October 2021): 04021074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001770.

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13

Chiu, Pao-Hsiung, Venugopalan S. G. Raghavan, Hee Joo Poh, Erna Tan, Osrithalita Gabriela, Nyuk-Hien Wong, T. van Hooff, B. Blocken, Ruixin Li, and Su Ming Leong-Kok. "CFD Methodology Development for Singapore Green Mark Building Application." Procedia Engineering 180 (2017): 1596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.322.

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14

Xiangdi, Zhao. "CFD-based methodology for onshore petrochemical control room layout." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 47 (November 2017): 28635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.09.158.

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15

Cheng, H. P., R. Y. Jou, F. Z. Chen, Y. W. Chang, Matsumi Iwane, and Takashi Hanaoka. "Flow investigation of Siegbahn vacuum pump by CFD methodology." Vacuum 53, no. 1-2 (May 1999): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-207x(98)00356-x.

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16

Левенталь, М. Ю., Ю. М. Погодин, and Ю. Р. Миронов. "Improving the methodology for calculation of energy losses in axial turbine cascades." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 2(52) (June 20, 2021): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2021.52.2.040.

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Представлена оценка неопределенности прогнозирования потерь энергии в решетках профилей осевых турбин. В сравнении с экспериментальными данными рассмотрены эмпирическая модель ЦИАМ и метод CFD анализа в рамках RANS модели. Геометрические и режимные параметры решеток профилей варьируются в широком диапазоне. Результаты CFD расчета отличаются существенно в зависимости от модели турбулентности. Наименьшая неопределенность получена для модели рейнольдсовых напряжений RSM. Определено выборочное стандартное относительное отклонение для анализируемой базы данных. Применительно к CFD расчету данное отклонение составило 18,6%, применительно к эмпирической модели ЦИАМ 46,4%. Разработана эмпирическая модель коррекции потерь полученных по результатам CFD анализа с моделью турбулентности RSM. Корректирующая функция включает в себя геометрические и режимные параметры решеток и особенности течения в межлопаточном канале (всего 14 параметров). Использование разработанного подхода позволило снизить неопределённость прогнозирования потерь в 2 раза. В результате работы выборочное стандартное относительное отклонение предсказания потерь для рассматриваемой базы решеток профилей составило 9,3%. Estimation of the uncertainty in predicting profile losses using various models was performed. In comparison with the experimental data, empirical model of CIAM and method of CFD analysis are considered. RANS models are used. The geometric and operating parameters of the analyzed turbine cascades vary over a wide range. Turbulence models strongly influence loss prediction uncertainty. The smallest uncertainty was obtained using the RSM turbulence model. The sample standard deviation for the considered turbine cascades base was determined. The deviation for CFD analysis is 18.6%. For the empirical model of CIAM the deviation is 46.4%. The new empirical model has been created to correct the results of calculating losses according to the RANS model using the RSM turbulence model. The corrective function takes into account the influence of the geometric and operating parameters of the turbine cascades and the features of the airfoil flow (14 parameters in total). The developed approach allows reducing the uncertainty in the estimation of losses according to the RANS model by 2 times. As a result, the sample standard deviation in the prediction of losses is 9.3% for the considered turbine cascades base.

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17

Serrano, José, Ricardo Novella, Josep Gomez-Soriano, and Pablo Martinez-Hernandiz. "Computational Methodology for Knocking Combustion Analysis in Compression-Ignited Advanced Concepts." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (September 20, 2018): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101707.

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In the present work, a numerical methodology based on three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed to predict knock in a 2-Stroke engine operating with gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) concept. Single-cycle Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) simulations using the renormalization group (RNG) k − ε model were performed in parallel while the initial conditions are accordingly perturbed in order to imitate the variability in the in-cylinder conditions due to engine operation. Results showed a good agreement between experiment and CFD simulation with respect to cycle-averaged and deviation of the ignition timing, combustion phasing, peak pressure magnitude and location. Moreover, the numerical method was also demonstrated to be capable of predicting knock features, such as maximum pressure rise rate and knock intensity, with good accuracy. Finally, the CFD solution allowed to give more insight about in-cylinder processes that lead to the knocking combustion and its subsequent effects.

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18

Huo, Feipeng, Jie Wang, Xiaoyong Yang, and Gang Zhao. "ICONE23-1847 CFD METHODOLOGY AND VALIDATION FOR IVR-ERVC UNDER SEVERE CONDITIONS." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2015.23 (2015): _ICONE23–1—_ICONE23–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_402.

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19

Pieritz, R. A., R. Mendes, R. Ferraz, and C. R. Maliska. "CFD STUDIO: AN EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE FOR CFD ANALYSIS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 09. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v2i2.3471.

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The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate the general characteristics of the educational user-friendly CFD Studio package for CFD teaching. The package was designed for teaching 2D fluid mechanics and heat transfer process, including conduction, coupled conduction/convection, natural and forced convection, external and internal flows, among other phenomena. The finite volume methodology and its related topics can also be taught using the software. Therefore, general aspects of the three main modules, pre-processor, solver and post-processor are discussed aiming to show the generality of the tool. These modules are integrated in the application by a so-called numerical problem project which guide the student through the steps to obtain the solution. To approximate the partial differential equations the finite volume approach is employed using a fully-implicit formulation with the interpolation schemes CDS, UDS and WUDS. Mesh editing and nonorthogonal boundary-fitted mesh generation, using algebraic interpolation and elliptic equations, are important features of the package. Coupled heat transfer problems are handled using the solid-block formulation and the pressure-velocity coupling uses the SIMPLE and SIMPLEC methods with non-staggered grids. To demonstrate the capabilities two fluid flow and heat transfer problem projects are presented.

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20

Herfjord, K., S. O. Drange, and T. Kvamsdal. "Assessment of Vortex-Induced Vibrations on Deepwater Risers by Considering Fluid-Structure Interaction." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 121, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829569.

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A methodology for computing vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) on risers is presented. It is based on computation of the flow by a CFD program, structural dynamics by a nonlinear structural (CSD) code, and a coupling between them. The CFD computations are performed in 2-D at a number of sections along the riser. The load is imposed on the riser in a strip theory manner. The coupling between the CFD planes takes place through the response of the riser. The local deformation of the riser is taken into account by the CFD program, thus completing a fluid-structure interaction loop each time step. The methodology is validated by comparing results from simulations with results from model tests.

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21

Cárdenas, Javier, Guillermo Valencia, and Jorge Duarte Forero. "Hydraulic Performance Prediction Methodology in Regenerative Pumps Through CFD Analysis." International Journal on Energy Conversion (IRECON) 7, no. 6 (November 30, 2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecon.v7i6.18341.

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22

Vidmar, Peter, and Stojan Petelin. "Methodology of using CFD-based risk assessment in road tunnels." Thermal Science 11, no. 2 (2007): 223–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0702223v.

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The definition of the deterministic approach in the safety analyses comes from the need to understand the conditions that come out during the fire accident in a road tunnel. The key factor of the tunnel operations during the fire is the ventilation, which during the initial fazes of the fire, impact strongly on the evacuation of people and latter on the access of the intervention units in the tunnel. The paper presents the use of the computational fluid dynamics model in the tunnel safety assessment process. The model is validated by comparing data with experimental and quantifying the differences. The set-up of the initial and boundary conditions and the requirement for grid density found during the validation tests is used to prepare three kind of fire scenarios 20 MW, 50 MW, and 100 MW, with different ventilation conditions; natural, semi transverse, full transverse, and longitudinal ventilation. The observed variables, soot density and temperature, are presented in minutes time steps trough the entire tunnel length. Comparing the obtained data in a table, allows the analyses of the ventilation conditions for different heat releases from fires. The second step is to add additional criteria of human behaviour inside the tunnel (evacuation) and human resistance to the elevated gas concentrations and temperature. What comes out is a fully deterministic risk matrix that is based on the calculated data where the risk is ranged on five levels, from the lowest to a very danger level. The deterministic risk matrix represents the alternative to a probabilistic safety assessment methodology, where the fire risk is represented in detail as well as the computational fluid dynamics model results are physically correct. .

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23

TANI, Naoki, Jun HIROMATSU, Masaharu Uchiumi, and Nobuhiro YAMANISHI. "J101021 Investigation on CFD methodology for turbomachinery with whirling motion." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2013 (2013): _J101021–1—_J101021–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2013._j101021-1.

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24

Cengiz, han, Serdar Güryuva, Yiğit Yazıcıoğlu, and Ahmet Hamdi Güzel. "Engine cylinder head development methodology using CFD and FEM analyses." International Journal of Vehicle Design 71, no. 1/2/3/4 (2016): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2016.078777.

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25

Alberto, Menéndez Blanco, Fernández Oro Jesús Manuel, and Meana-Fernández Andrés. "Numerical methodology for the CFD simulation of diaphragm volumetric pumps." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 150 (January 2019): 322–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.10.039.

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26

Khawar, Jawad, Abdul Ghafoor, and Yang Chao. "Validation of CFD-CSD coupling interface methodology using commercial codes." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 65, no. 5 (January 10, 2011): 475–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.2192.

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27

Gutiérrez, José E., Blas Zamora, and Jerónimo A. Esteve. "Alternative Teaching Methodology in Marine Engineering Courses: employing TIC & CFD Tools." Modelling in Science Education and Learning 7 (March 30, 2014): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/msel.2014.2087.

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An alternative teaching-learning methodology for the subject "Hydrodynamic, Resistance and Propulsion" in Degrees concerned with NAval Engineering, is presented. The goal of the pedagogical approach is the acquirement of appropiate skills related to the ability of analyzing and designing different types of ships. The blended learning concept is employed, including the supervised learnin as key ingredient. The roles of both Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), as educational tuools, are some specific features of the methodology. A pedagocial method that involves project based learning, using CFD, is applied. The evaluation of the student satisfaction is conducted by questionaries.

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28

Gouma, V., and A. Chronopoulou-Sereli. "Wildland Fire Danger Zoning - a Methodology." International Journal of Wildland Fire 8, no. 1 (1998): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9980037.

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A mountain area in Southeastern Greece exposed to wildland fire problems was used to establish a method for fire danger zoning. Meteorological risk (MR), fuel susceptibility (FS) and fire occurrence (FO) maps are created. The method integrates these maps and produces the constant and variable danger (CFD,VFD) zones that require respective activities for wildland fire prevention. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to perform the overlay analysis of thematic maps and delineate the fire danger zones.

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29

Agarwal, Dheeraj, Simão Marques, and Trevor T. Robinson. "Aerodynamic Shape Optimisation Using Parametric CAD and Discrete Adjoint." Aerospace 9, no. 12 (November 23, 2022): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9120743.

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This paper presents an optimisation framework based on an open-source CAD system and CFD solver. In this work, the high-fidelity flow solutions and surface sensitivities are obtained using the primal and discrete adjoint formulations of SU2. This paper shows the direct use of CAD models for optimisation by developing a CAD system application programming interface and creating a link between the CAD-MESH-CFD analysis. A methodology to obtain geometric sensitivities is introduced, enabling the calculation of accurate gradients with respect to CAD variables and the deformation of the analysis mesh during the optimisation process. This methodology guarantees that the new surface mesh lies exactly on the CAD geometry. The optimisation framework is applied to a rectangular wing and a three section high-lift aerofoil configuration derived from the NASA CRM-HL configuration. Both geometries are created using FreeCAD. The performance objectives are to decrease the drag while constraining the lift to be above a desired value. The twist distribution of the wing was parameterised within the CAD system, allowing the minimisation of the induced drag by obtaining a nearly elliptical lift distribution. For the high-lift configuration, the position and rotation of the flap and slat were parameterised with respect to the original section; the final optimised positions yield a drag reduction of approximately 16.5%. These results show that the CAD parameterisation can be reliably used to obtain efficient optimums while operating directly on the CAD geometries.

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30

Zhang, Yu, Rohit Deshpande, D. Huang, Pinakin Chaubal, and Chenn Q. Zhou. "A Methodology for Blast Furnace Hearth Inner Profile Analysis." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 12 (April 3, 2007): 1729–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2768100.

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The wear of a blast furnace hearth and the hearth inner profile are highly dependent on the liquid iron flow pattern, refractory temperatures, and temperature distributions at the hot face. In this paper, the detailed methodology is presented along with the examples of hearth inner profile predictions. A new methodology along with new algorithms is proposed to calculate the hearth erosion and its inner profile. The methodology is to estimate the hearth primary inner profile based on 1D heat transfer and to compute the hot-face temperature using the 3D CFD hearth model according to the 1D preestimated and reestimated profiles. After the hot-face temperatures are converged, the hot-face positions are refined by a new algorithm, which is based on the difference between the calculated and measured results, for the 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) hearth model further computations, until the calculated temperatures well agree with those measured by the thermocouples.

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31

Et. al., N. Kalaimani,. "CFD Analysis Diesel Spray Mixing Nozzle in Various Angle." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 1S (April 11, 2021): 478–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i1s.1910.

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The main objective of this project is finding the optimized mixed ratio of the diesel spray mixer in the IC Engines, CFD Methodology is used for this analysis the spray angle variations give the various mixing ratios of the sprayer for better combustion ratios the turbulence will decide the best mixing efficiency, the turbulence, pressure and velocity results inside the mixing chamber is analyze through CFD methodology

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32

Crocker, D. S., E. J. Fuller, and C. E. Smith. "Fuel Nozzle Aerodynamic Design Using CFD Analysis." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2817017.

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The aerodynamic design of airflow passages in fuel injection systems can be significantly enhanced by the use of CFD analysis. Attempts to improve the efficiency of the fuel nozzle design process by using CFD analyses have generally been unsuccessful in the past due to the difficulties of modeling swirling flow in complex geometries. Some of the issues that have been obstacles to successful and timely analysis of fuel nozzle aerodynamics include grid generation, turbulence models, and definition of boundary conditions. This study attempts to address these obstacles and demonstrate a CFD methodology capable of modeling swirling flow within the internal air passages of fuel nozzles. The CFD code CFD-ACE was used for the analyses. Results of nonreacting analyses and comparison with experimental data are presented for three different fuel nozzles. The three nozzles have distinctly different designs (including axial and radial inflow swirlers) and thus demonstrate the flexibility of the design methodology. Particular emphasis is given to techniques involved in predicting the effective flow area (ACd) of the nozzles. Good agreement between CFD predictions of the ACd (made prior to experiments) and the measured ACd was obtained. Comparisons between predicted and measured velocity profiles also showed good agreement.

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33

Park, Donggeun, and Jong-Hyeon Lee. "Feasibility Evaluation of Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Inhalation Exposure Assessment: Case Study for Biocide Spray." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020634.

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Consumer products contain chemical substances that threaten human health. The zero-dimensional modeling methods and experimental methods have been used to estimate the inhalation exposure concentration of consumer products. The model and measurement methods have a spatial property problem and time/cost-consuming problem, respectively. For solving the problems due to the conventional methodology, this study investigated the feasibility of applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the evaluation of inhalation exposure by comparing the experiment results and the zero-dimensional results with CFD results. To calculate the aerosol concentration, the CFD was performed by combined the 3D Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations and a discrete phased model using ANSYS FLUENT. As a result of comparing the three methodologies performed under the same simulation/experimental conditions, we found that the zero-dimensional spray model shows an approximately five times underestimated inhalation exposure concentration when compared with the CFD results and measurement results in near field. Additionally, the results of the measured concentration of aerosols at five locations and the CFD results at the same location were compared to show the possibility of evaluating inhalation exposure at various locations using CFD instead of the experimental method. The CFD results according to measurement positions can rationally predict the measurement results with low error. In conclusion, in the field of exposure science, a guideline for exposure evaluation using CFD, was found that complements the shortcomings of the conventional methodology, the zero-dimensional spray model and measurement method.

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Park, Donggeun, and Jong-Hyeon Lee. "Feasibility Evaluation of Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Inhalation Exposure Assessment: Case Study for Biocide Spray." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020634.

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Consumer products contain chemical substances that threaten human health. The zero-dimensional modeling methods and experimental methods have been used to estimate the inhalation exposure concentration of consumer products. The model and measurement methods have a spatial property problem and time/cost-consuming problem, respectively. For solving the problems due to the conventional methodology, this study investigated the feasibility of applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the evaluation of inhalation exposure by comparing the experiment results and the zero-dimensional results with CFD results. To calculate the aerosol concentration, the CFD was performed by combined the 3D Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations and a discrete phased model using ANSYS FLUENT. As a result of comparing the three methodologies performed under the same simulation/experimental conditions, we found that the zero-dimensional spray model shows an approximately five times underestimated inhalation exposure concentration when compared with the CFD results and measurement results in near field. Additionally, the results of the measured concentration of aerosols at five locations and the CFD results at the same location were compared to show the possibility of evaluating inhalation exposure at various locations using CFD instead of the experimental method. The CFD results according to measurement positions can rationally predict the measurement results with low error. In conclusion, in the field of exposure science, a guideline for exposure evaluation using CFD, was found that complements the shortcomings of the conventional methodology, the zero-dimensional spray model and measurement method.

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Dominguez, Victor H., Octavio Garcia-Salazar, Luis Amezquita-Brooks, Luis A. Reyes-Osorio, Carlos Santana-Delgado, and Erik G. Rojo-Rodriguez. "Micro Coaxial Drone: Flight Dynamics, Simulation and Ground Testing." Aerospace 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9050245.

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This paper describes the conceptual design of a micro coaxial unmanned aerial vehicle (MCR UAV v3.0) based on its flight dynamics and a simple aerodynamic analysis using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In addition, a simple linear control is proposed with the pole assignment technique. The methodology proposed in this paper involves a standardized path for designing the novel micro coaxial UAV. This begins by selecting the avionics to create a primary dimensional design for a later transient and stationary CFD analysis. In effect, the mathematical model is obtained using the Newton–Euler formulation and is linearized to obtain the dynamical requirements of the vehicle. The requirements allow us to design the control scheme with a linear control technique. This process is iterative and uses a combination of flight dynamics and CFD. The control technique is based on pole assignment, ensuring a specific phase condition is used in the controller gain for the stabilization of the proposed aerial vehicle. The control scheme is analyzed once the CFD analysis is correctly performed; in this sense, the methodology proposed in this paper is capable of converging as a result of the dimensional design. This design ensures a suitable vehicle performance according to the dynamical requirements. Thus, the micro coaxial UAV is completely designed based on its flight dynamics along with a CFD analysis, generating a robust methodology.

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Villa Caro, Raúl, Rodrigo Pérez Fernández, Julio M. Pernas Urrutia, and Filiberto Hernandez. "METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO STUDY WATER MIST AS AN INFRARED SIGNATURE SUPPRESSOR IN MARINE GAS TURBINES." International Journal of Maritime Engineering 165, A1 (July 10, 2023): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijme.v165ia1.815.

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This paper proposes a methodology for the reduction of marine gas turbine exhaust gas temperatures via water mist injection into exhaust gas ducts with the aim of reducing a ship’s infrared (IR) signature. Due to the difficulty of conducting live experimental tests on warships, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) techniques can be employed to predict phase interaction behaviour (water mist and exhaust gases) within gas turbine exhausts. CFD techniques attempt to find numerical solutions to the equations that govern phase interaction phenomena through the setting and resolution of mathematical models.

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Legendre, Cesar, Vincent Ficat-Andrieu, Athanasios Poulos, Yuya Kitano, Yoshitaka Nakashima, Wataru Kobayashi, and Gaku Minorikawa. "A machine learning-based methodology for computational aeroacoustics predictions of multi-propeller drones." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3467–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2415.

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The rapid progress in technological developments of small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) or simply "drones" has produced a significant proliferation of this technology. From multinational businesses to drone enthusiasts, such a technology can offer a wide range of possibilities, i.e., commercial services, security, and environmental applications, while placing new demands in the already-congested civil airspace. Noise emission is a key factor that is being addressed with high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and aeroacoustics (CAA) techniques. However, due to uncertainties of flow conditions, wide ranges of propellers' speed variations, and different payload requirements, a complete numerical prediction varying such parameters is unfeasible. In this study, a machine learning-based approach is proposed in combination with high-fidelity CFD and CAA techniques to predict drone noise emission given a wide variation of payloads or propellers' speeds. The transient CFD computations are calculated using a time-marching LES simulation with a WALE sub-grid scale. In contrast, the acoustic propagation is predicted using a finite element method in the frequency domain. Finally, the machine learning strategy is presented in the context of fulfilling two goals: (i) real-time noise prediction of drone systems; and (ii) determination of propeller's rotation speeds leading to a noise prediction matching experimental data.

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Hwang, Woochul, Jeong-Gyu Bak, Hyunsoo Kim, Kunghyuk Lee, and Jinsoo Cho. "Study on CFD Methodology for a Open Channel Type UV Reactor." KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery 18, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5293/kfma.2015.18.2.054.

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Ando, Kenichi, Akio Takamura, and Isao Saito. "Automotive Aerodynamic Design Exploration Employing New Optimization Methodology Based on CFD." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 3, no. 1 (April 12, 2010): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-01-0513.

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Zhang, Rui, Tenglong Cong, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, and Guanghui Su. "Prediction of CHF in vertical heated tubes based on CFD methodology." Progress in Nuclear Energy 78 (January 2015): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.10.001.

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Ferng, Yuh Ming, and Bin Hong Lin. "Predicting the wall thinning engendered by erosion–corrosion using CFD methodology." Nuclear Engineering and Design 240, no. 10 (October 2010): 2836–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.07.031.

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Tapia, Elvira, Alfredo Iranzo, Fco Javier Pino, Felipe Rosa, and José Antonio Salva. "Methodology for thermal design of solar tubular reactors using CFD techniques." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 41, no. 43 (November 2016): 19525–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.186.

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Kyriakou, Faidon, Craig Maclean, William Dempster, and David Nash. "Efficiently Simulating an Endograft Deployment: A Methodology for Detailed CFD Analyses." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 48, no. 10 (May 11, 2020): 2449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-020-02519-8.

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Abstract Numerical models of endografts for the simulation of endovascular aneurysm repair are increasingly important in the improvement of device designs and patient outcomes. Nevertheless, current finite element analysis (FEA) models of complete endograft devices come at a high computational cost, requiring days of runtime, therefore restricting their applicability. In the current study, an efficient FEA model of the Anaconda™ endograft (Terumo Aortic, UK) was developed, able to yield results in just over 4 h, an order of magnitude less than similar models found in the literature. The model was used to replicate a physical device that was deployed in a 3D printed aorta and comparison of the two shapes illustrated a less than 5 mm placement error of the model in the regions of interest, consistent with other more computationally intensive models in the literature. Furthermore, the final goal of the study was to utilize the deployed fabric model in a hemodynamic analysis that would incorporate realistic fabric folds, a feature that is almost always omitted in similar simulations. By successfully exporting the deployed graft geometry into a flow analysis, it was illustrated that the inclusion of fabric wrinkles enabled clinically significant flow patterns such as flow stagnation and recirculation to be detected, paving the way for this modelling methodology to be used in future for stent design optimisation.

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Ding, Huidian, Wenyu Xiang, and Chunjiang Liu. "A multiscale methodology for CFD simulation of catalytic distillation bale packings." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2016-0005.

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Abstract A multiscale model for simulating the hydrodynamic behavior of catalytic bale packings has been proposed. This model combines computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and macroscopic calculation. At small scale calculation, the CFD model includes 3-D volume-of-fluid (VOF) simulation within representative elementary unit (REU) under unsteady-state conditions. The REU constitutes gauze and catalyst domain, and porous media model is applied. At large scale calculation, a new mechanistic model deduced from the unit network model is employed. Based on liquid split proportion from small scale calculation, liquid distribution of the entire bale packing can be predicted. To evaluate different packing design, three common bale arrangements, i.e. one-bale, nine-bales and seven-bales, are compared. The area-weighted Christiansen uniformity coefficient is introduced to assess the distribution performance. A comparison between simulation and experimental results is made to validate the multiscale model. The present methodology is proved to be effective to analysis and design of catalytic distillation columns.

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Hajdukiewicz, Magdalena, Marco Geron, and Marcus M. Keane. "Formal calibration methodology for CFD models of naturally ventilated indoor environments." Building and Environment 59 (January 2013): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.027.

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Caetano, Bryan Castro, Isadora Figueiredo Lara, Matheus Ungaretti Borges, Oscar R. Sandoval, and Ramón Molina Valle. "A novel methodology on beta-type Stirling engine simulation using CFD." Energy Conversion and Management 184 (March 2019): 510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.01.075.

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Millot, Grégory, Olivier Scholz, Saïd Ouhamou, Mathieu Becquet, and Sébastien Magnabal. "Development of a 3D CFD aerodynamic optimization tool and application to engine air intake design." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 30, no. 9 (June 6, 2019): 4219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-06-2018-0276.

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PurposeThe paper deals with research activities to develop optimization workflows implying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling. The purpose of this paper is to present an industrial and fully-automated optimal design tool, able to handle objectives, constraints, multi-parameters and multi-points optimization on a given CATIA CAD. The work is realized on Rapid And CostEffective Rotorcraft compound rotorcraft in the framework of the Fast RotorCraft Innovative Aircraft Demonstrator Platform (IADP) within the Clean Sky 2 programme.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed solution relies on an automated CAD-CFD workflow called through the optimization process based on surrogate-based optimization (SBO) techniques. The SBO workflow has been specifically developed.FindingsThe methodology is validated on a simple configuration (bended pipe with two parameters). Then, the process is applied on a full compound rotorcraft to minimize the flow distortion at the engine entry. The design of the experiment and the optimization loop act on seven design parameters of the air inlet and for each individual the evaluation is performed on two operation points, namely, cruise flight and hover case. Finally, the best design is analyzed and aerodynamic performances are compared with the initial design.Originality/valueThe adding value of the developed process is to deal with geometric integration conflicts addressed through a specific CAD module and the implementation of a penalty function method to manage the unsuccessful evaluation of any individual.

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Mhetre, Nikhil, Suraj Sathyanarayan, Manoj Diwan, Siddharth Kumar, and Dattatray Hulwan. "Prediction of HAVC Cool-Down Performance inside a Minibus Passenger Cabin Using CFD and Its Experimental Validation." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 11, no. 01 (July 25, 2019): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v11i01.7.

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Now with more time spent by people while travelling and increasing mobility, providing passengers with a thermally comfortable experience are one of the important targets of any bus manufacturer. Conversely, comprehensive assessment through Climatic Wind Tunnel testing is costly and not possible during early stages of vehicle design. The aim of this work has been to develop a simplified simulation methodology to model the Minibus passenger cabin for cool down test. This study presents a methodology for predicting Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) cool-down performance inside Minibus cabin using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to revise the HVAC duct design and parametric optimization in order to ensure thermal comfort of occupant. Heat Load is calculated analytically and has been considered in the CFD model and occupant heat load is considered as per ASHRAE standard. CFD simulation predicted the temperature and velocity distribution inside passenger cabin. Simulated cool-down results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. CFD cool-down prediction is useful in order to reduce time and costs related to climatic wind tunnel and road tests. Validated CFD model is used to study the effect of air flow on cool-down performance.

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Alawadhi, Khaled, Yousef Alhouli, Ali Ashour, and Abdullah Alfalah. "Design and Optimization of a Radial Turbine to Be Used in a Rankine Cycle Operating with an OTEC System." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110855.

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Design and optimization of a radial turbine for a Rankine cycle were accomplished ensuring higher thermal efficiency of the system despite the low turbine inlet temperature. A turbine design code (TDC) based on the meanline design methodology was developed to construct the base design of the turbine rotor. Best design practices for the base design were discussed and adopted to initiate a robust optimization procedure. The baseline design was optimized using the response surface methodology and by coupling it with the genetic algorithm. The design variables considered for the study are rotational speed, total to static speed ratio, hub radius ratio, shroud radius ration, and number of blades. Various designs of the turbine were constructed based on the Central Composite Design (CCD) while performance variables were computed using the in-house turbine design code (TDC) in the MATLAB environment. The TDC can access the properties of the working fluid through a subroutine that links NIST’s REFPROP to the design code through a subroutine. The finalization of the geometry was made through an iterative process between 3D-Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations and the one-dimensional optimization procedure. 3D RANS simulations were also conducted to analyze the optimized geometry of the turbine rotor for off-design conditions. For computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, a commercial code ANSYS-CFX was employed. 3D geometry was constructed using ASYS Bladegen while structured mesh was generated using ANSYS Turbogrid. Fluid properties were supplied to the CFD solver through a real gas property (RGP) file that was constructed in MATLAB by linking it to REFPROP. Computed results show that an initial good design can reduce the time and computational efforts necessary to reach an optimal design successfully. Furthermore, it can be inferred from the CFD calculation that Response Surface Methodology (RSM) employing CFD as a model evaluation tool can be highly effective for the design and optimization of turbomachinery.

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Kulkarni, A., M. Kulkarni, P. More, and S. Showalter. "Digital Prototyping Methodology for Cyclonic Multiphase Flow Separation." NAFEMS International Journal of CFD Case Studies 11 (April 2016): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.59972/zbwl6jwx.

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Safety and reliability are fundamental requirements for gas turbine engines. Continuous health monitoring and diagnostics devices are prime enablers for the same, and gaining a lot of attention for advancements. Oil debris monitoring is one of the important elements of an engine condition monitoring system. The cyclone separator is the key component of the debris monitoring system which separates air, oil and solid particles. The separation efficiency of various phases determines the cyclone performance and is governed by highly turbulent swirling flow field. Further, the particle capture efficiency depends on successful capturing of the flow field. Cyclone performance enhancement requires a detailed understanding of turbulent swirling multiphase flow field with free and forced vortex interactions. This poses a significant challenge for physical prototyping and demands detailed computational models to resolve the anisotropic structure of a turbulent flow field with multiphase interaction. Detailed investigation of various computational models such as turbulence models, multiphase models, and drag models has been carried out to capture the complex flow physics. A structured computational approach helped to establish a CFD methodology having a close match with experimental findings for all the performance parameters of three phase separation. The methodology is validated with the experimental results with the variation between CFD and experiments observed to be less than 10% for all four performance parameters namely pressure drop, air separation efficiency, oil separation efficiency and particle capture efficiency.

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