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Journal articles on the topic 'Cetartiodactyl'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Rodrigues, Helder Gomes, Fabrice Lihoreau, Maëva Orliac, J. G. M. Thewissen, and Jean-Renaud Boisserie. "Unexpected evolutionary patterns of dental ontogenetic traits in cetartiodactyl mammals." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1896 (February 13, 2019): 20182417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2417.

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Studying ontogeny in both extant and extinct species can unravel the mechanisms underlying mammal diversification and specialization. Among mammalian clades, Cetartiodactyla encompass species with a wide range of adaptations, and ontogenetic evidence could clarify longstanding debates on the origins of modern specialized families. Here, we study the evolution of dental eruption patterns in early diverging cetartiodactyls to assess the ecological and biological significance of this character and shed new light on phylogenetic issues. After investigation of the ontogenetic dental series of 63 extinct genera, our parsimony reconstructions of eruption state evolution suggest that the eruption of molars before permanent premolars represents a plesiomorphic condition within Cetartiodactyla. This result substantially differs from a previous study based on modern species only. As a result, the presence of this pattern in most ruminants might represent an ancestral condition contributing to their specialized herbivory, rather than an original adaptation. In contrast, the late eruption of molars in hippopotamoids is more likely related to biological aspects, such as increases in body mass and slower pace of life. Our study mainly shows that eruption sequences reliably characterize higher level cetartiodactyl taxa and could represent a new source of phylogenetic characters, especially to disentangle the origin of hippopotamoids and cetaceans.

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2

Opazo, Juan C., Kattina Zavala, Paola Krall, and Rodrigo A. Arias. "Evolution of gremlin 2 in cetartiodactyl mammals: gene loss coincides with lack of upper jaw incisors in ruminants." PeerJ 5 (January 26, 2017): e2901. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2901.

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Understanding the processes that give rise to genomic variability in extant species is an active area of research within evolutionary biology. With the availability of whole genome sequences, it is possible to quantify different forms of variability such as variation in gene copy number, which has been described as an important source of genetic variability and in consequence of phenotypic variability. Most of the research on this topic has been focused on understanding the biological significance of gene duplication, and less attention has been given to the evolutionary role of gene loss. Gremlin 2 is a member of the DAN gene family and plays a significant role in tooth development by blocking the ligand-signaling pathway of BMP2 and BMP4. The goal of this study was to investigate the evolutionary history of gremlin 2 in cetartiodactyl mammals, a group that possesses highly divergent teeth morphology. Results from our analyses indicate that gremlin 2 has experienced a mixture of gene loss, gene duplication, and rate acceleration. Although the last common ancestor of cetartiodactyls possessed a single gene copy, pigs and camels are the only cetartiodactyl groups that have retained gremlin 2. According to the phyletic distribution of this gene and synteny analyses, we propose that gremlin 2 was lost in the common ancestor of ruminants and cetaceans between 56.3 and 63.5 million years ago as a product of a chromosomal rearrangement. Our analyses also indicate that the rate of evolution of gremlin 2 has been accelerated in the two groups that have retained this gene. Additionally, the lack of this gene could explain the high diversity of teeth among cetartiodactyl mammals; specifically, the presence of this gene could act as a biological constraint. Thus, our results support the notions that gene loss is a way to increase phenotypic diversity and that gremlin 2 is a dispensable gene, at least in cetartiodactyl mammals.

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3

Theodor, Jessica M., and Scott E. Foss. "Deciduous Dentitions of Eocene Cebochoerid Artiodactyls and Cetartiodactyl Relationships." Journal of Mammalian Evolution 12, no. 1-2 (June 2005): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-005-5706-6.

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4

Theodor, Jessica M., and Scott E. Foss. "Deciduous Dentitions of Eocene Cebochoerid Artiodactyls and Cetartiodactyl Relationships." Journal of Mammalian Evolution 13, no. 2 (June 2006): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-006-9007-5.

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5

Tsubamoto, Takehisa, and Naoki Kohno. "Reappraisal of “Brachyodus”japonicus, an Oligocene Anthracotheriid Cetartiodactyl from Japan." Paleontological Research 15, no. 3 (September 2011): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2517/1342-8144-15.3.115.

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6

Nikaido, Masato, and Norihiro Okada. "CetSINEs and AREs are not SINEs but are parts of cetartiodactyl L1." Mammalian Genome 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 1123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003350010221.

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7

Klisch, K., and A. Mess. "Evolutionary Differentiation of Cetartiodactyl Placentae in the Light of the Viviparity-Driven Conflict Hypothesis." Placenta 28, no. 4 (April 2007): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2006.03.014.

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8

van Tuinen, M. "Calibration and Error in Placental Molecular Clocks: A Conservative Approach Using the Cetartiodactyl Fossil Record." Journal of Heredity 95, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esh045.

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9

Adams, Justin W., Douglass S. Rovinsky, Andy I. R. Herries, and Colin G. Menter. "Macromammalian faunas, biochronology and palaeoecology of the early Pleistocene Main Quarry hominin-bearing deposits of the Drimolen Palaeocave System, South Africa." PeerJ 4 (April 18, 2016): e1941. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1941.

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The Drimolen Palaeocave System Main Quarry deposits (DMQ) are some of the most prolific hominin and primate-bearing deposits in the Fossil Hominids of South Africa UNESCO World Heritage Site. Discovered in the 1990s, excavations into the DMQ have yielded a demographically diverse sample ofParanthropus robustus(including DNH 7, the most complete cranium of the species recovered to date), earlyHomo,Papio hamadryas robinsoniandCercopithecoides williamsi. Alongside the hominin and primate sample is a diverse macromammalian assemblage, but prior publications have only provided a provisional species list and an analysis of the carnivores recovered prior to 2008. Here we present the first description and analysis of the non-primate macromammalian faunas from the DMQ, including all 826 taxonomically identifiable specimens catalogued from over two decades of excavation. We also provide a biochronological interpretation of the DMQ deposits and an initial discussion of local palaeoecology based on taxon representation.The current DMQ assemblage consists of the remains of minimally 147 individuals from 9 Orders and 14 Families of mammals. The carnivore assemblage described here is even more diverse than established in prior publications, including the identification ofMegantereon whitei,Lycyaenops silberbergi, and first evidence for the occurrence ofDinofeliscf.barlowiandDinofelisaff.piveteauiwithin a single South African site deposit. The cetartiodactyl assemblage is dominated by bovids, with the specimen composition unique in the high recovery of horn cores and dominance ofAntidorcas reckiremains. Other cetartiodactyl and perissodactyl taxa are represented by few specimens, as areHystrixandProcavia; the latter somewhat surprisingly so given their common occurrence at penecontemporaneous deposits in the region. Equally unusual (particularly given the size of the sample) is the identification of single specimens of giraffoid, elephantid and aardvark (Orycteropuscf.afer) that are rarely recovered from regional site deposits. Despite the diversity within the DMQ macromammalian faunas, there are few habitat- or biochronologically-sensitive species that provide specific ecologic or age boundaries for the deposits. Recovered species can only support the non-specific, mixed open-to-closed palaeohabitats around Drimolen that have been reconstructed for the other penecontemporaneous South African palaeokarst deposits. The identifiedEquus quaggassp. specimens recovered from the floor of the current excavation (∾−4.5–5 m below datum) suggests that most, if not all the DMQ specimens, were deposited after 2.33 Ma. Simultaneously, the carnivore specimens (D.cf.barlowi, L. silberbergi) suggest earlier Pleistocene (pre- 2.0–1.8 Ma) to maximally 1.6 Ma deposition (D.aff.piveteaui) for most of the DMQ fossil assemblage.

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10

Nikaido, Masato, Fumio Matsuno, Hideaki Abe, Mitsuru Shimamura, Healy Hamilton, Hisashi Matsubayashi, and Norihiro Okada. "Evolution of CHR-2 SINEs in cetartiodactyl genomes: possible evidence for the monophyletic origin of toothed whales." Mammalian Genome 12, no. 12 (December 2001): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0033501-1015-4.

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Tsagkogeorga, Georgia, Michael R. McGowen, Kalina T. J. Davies, Simon Jarman, Andrea Polanowski, Mads F. Bertelsen, and Stephen J. Rossiter. "A phylogenomic analysis of the role and timing of molecular adaptation in the aquatic transition of cetartiodactyl mammals." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 9 (September 2015): 150156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150156.

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Recent studies have reported multiple cases of molecular adaptation in cetaceans related to their aquatic abilities. However, none of these has included the hippopotamus, precluding an understanding of whether molecular adaptations in cetaceans occurred before or after they split from their semi-aquatic sister taxa. Here, we obtained new transcriptomes from the hippopotamus and humpback whale, and analysed these together with available data from eight other cetaceans. We identified more than 11 000 orthologous genes and compiled a genome-wide dataset of 6845 coding DNA sequences among 23 mammals, to our knowledge the largest phylogenomic dataset to date for cetaceans. We found positive selection in nine genes on the branch leading to the common ancestor of hippopotamus and whales, and 461 genes in cetaceans compared to 64 in hippopotamus. Functional annotation revealed adaptations in diverse processes, including lipid metabolism, hypoxia, muscle and brain function. By combining these findings with data on protein–protein interactions, we found evidence suggesting clustering among gene products relating to nervous and muscular systems in cetaceans. We found little support for shared ancestral adaptations in the two taxa; most molecular adaptations in extant cetaceans occurred after their split with hippopotamids.

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12

Yin, Daiqing, RuRu Zhou, Mengxin Yin, Yue Chen, Shixia Xu, and Guang Yang. "Gene Duplication and Loss of AANAT in Mammals Driven by Rhythmic Adaptations." Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, no. 9 (May 3, 2021): 3925–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab125.

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Abstract Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) plays a crucial role in synchronizing internal biological functions to circadian and circannual changes. Generally speaking, only one copy of AANAT gene has been found in mammals, however, three independent duplications of this gene were detected in several cetartiodactyl lineages (i.e., Suidae, Hippopotamidae, and Pecora), which originated in the middle Eocene, a geological period characterized with the increased climate seasonality. Lineage-specific expansions of AANAT and the associated functional enhancement in these lineages strongly suggest an improvement in regulating photoperiodic response to adapt to seasonal climate changes. In contrast, independent inactivating mutations or deletions of the AANAT locus were identified in the four pineal-deficient clades (cetaceans, sirenians, xenarthrans, and pangolins). Loss of AANAT function in cetaceans and sirenians could disrupt the sleep-promoting effects of pineal melatonin, which might contribute to increasing wakefulness, adapting these clades to underwater sleep. The absence of AANAT and pineal glands in xenarthrans and pangolins may be associated with their body temperature maintenance. The present work demonstrates a far more complex and intriguing evolutionary pattern and functional diversity of mammalian AANAT genes than previously thought and provides further evidence for understanding AANAT evolution as driven by rhythmic adaptations in mammals.

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13

Métais, Grégoire, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Syed Rafiqul Hassan Baqri, Mouloud Benammi, Jean-Yves Crochet, Dario de Franceschi, Laurent Marivaux, and Jean-Loup Welcomme. "New remains of the enigmatic cetartiodactyl Bugtitherium grandincisivum Pilgrim, 1908, from the upper Oligocene of the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan)." Naturwissenschaften 93, no. 7 (May 3, 2006): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-006-0112-3.

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14

Dell, Leigh-Anne, Nina Patzke, Muhammad A. Spocter, Mads F. Bertelsen, Jerome M. Siegel, and Paul R. Manger. "Organization of the sleep-related neural systems in the brain of the river hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius): A most unusual cetartiodactyl species." Journal of Comparative Neurology 524, no. 10 (February 18, 2016): 2036–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.23930.

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15

Ehlers, Anoh, Ben Salem, Broll, Couacy-Hymann, Fischer, Gedvilaite, et al. "Novel Polyomaviruses in Mammals from Multiple Orders and Reassessment of Polyomavirus Evolution and Taxonomy." Viruses 11, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11100930.

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As the phylogenetic organization of mammalian polyomaviruses is complex and currently incompletely resolved, we aimed at a deeper insight into their evolution by identifying polyomaviruses in host orders and families that have either rarely or not been studied. Sixteen unknown and two known polyomaviruses were identified in animals that belong to 5 orders, 16 genera, and 16 species. From 11 novel polyomaviruses, full genomes could be determined. Splice sites were predicted for large and small T antigen (LTAg, STAg) coding sequences (CDS) and examined experimentally in transfected cell culture. In addition, splice sites of seven published polyomaviruses were analyzed. Based on these data, LTAg and STAg annotations were corrected for 10/86 and 74/86 published polyomaviruses, respectively. For 25 polyomaviruses, a spliced middle T CDS was observed or predicted. Splice sites that likely indicate expression of additional, alternative T antigens, were experimentally detected for six polyomaviruses. In contrast to all other mammalian polyomaviruses, three closely related cetartiodactyl polyomaviruses display two introns within their LTAg CDS. In addition, the VP2 of Glis glis (edible dormouse) polyomavirus 1 was observed to be encoded by a spliced transcript, a unique experimental finding within the Polyomaviridae family. Co-phylogenetic analyses based on LTAg CDS revealed a measurable signal of codivergence when considering all mammalian polyomaviruses, most likely driven by relatively recent codivergence events. Lineage duplication was the only other process whose influence on polyomavirus evolution was unambiguous. Finally, our analyses suggest that an update of the taxonomy of the family is required, including the creation of novel genera of mammalian and non-mammalian polyomaviruses.

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16

van Kann, Elisabeth, Bruno Cozzi, Patrick R. Hof, and Helmut H. A. Oelschläger. "Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Primary Neocortical Areas in Selected Mammals." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 90, no. 3 (2017): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477431.

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The present study focuses on the relationship between neocortical structures and functional aspects in three selected mammalian species. Our aim was to compare cortical layering and neuron density in the projection areas (somatomotor, M1; somatosensory, S1; auditory, A1; and visual, V1; each in a wider sense). Morphological and design-based stereological analysis was performed in the wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) as a representative terrestrial hoofed animal (artiodactyl) and the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) as a highly derived related aquatic mammal (cetartiodactyl). For comparison, we included the human (Homo sapiens) as a well-documented anthropoid primate. In the cortex of many mammals, layer IV (inner granular layer) is the main target of specific thalamocortical inputs while layers III and V are the main origins of neocortical projections. Because the fourth layer is indistinct or mostly lacking in the primary neocortex of the wild boar and dolphins, respectively, we analyzed the adjacent layers III and V in these animals. In the human, all the three layers were investigated separately. The stereological data show comparatively low neuron densities in all areas of the wild boar and high cell counts in the human (as expected), particularly in the primary visual cortex. The common dolphin, in general, holds an intermediate position in terms of neuron density but exhibits higher values than the human in a few layers. With respect to the situation in the wild boar, stereological neuron counts in the dolphin are consistently higher, with a maximum in layer III of the visual cortex. The extended auditory neocortical field in dolphins and the hypertrophic auditory pathway indicate secondary neurobiological adaptations to their aquatic habitat during evolution. The wild boar, however, an omnivorous quadruped terrestrial mammal, shows striking specializations as to the sensorimotor neurobiology of the snout region.

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Peralta, Matias Javier, and Brenda Soledad Ferrero. "Mamíferos del Holoceno de la Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina." Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 25, no. 3 (November 26, 2022): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4072/rbp.2022.3.06.

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Holocene mammals from Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. We present an unpublished collection of mammals from La Picada Formation (Holocene sensu lato) and San Guillermo Formation (upper Holocene) in the Entre Ríos Province, Argentina, deposited in the collection of the Museo de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas “Prof. Antonio Serrano’’ of Paraná City, Entre Ríos. Nine taxa were identified: Dusicyon avus (Carnivora: Canidae), Myocastor coypus (Rodentia: Echimyidae), cf. Hydrochoerus sp. (Rodentia: Caviidae), Dicotyles cf. D. tajacu (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae), cf. Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Mazama sp. (Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae), Bos primigenius taurus (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae), Equus ferus caballus (Perissodactyla: Equidae) and Cetartiodactyla indet. Ducysion avus and Dicotyles cf. D. tajacu are the first record of these taxa in Entre Ríos. The recognized rodents and cervids are commonly found in archaeological sites and in Quaternary units in Entre Ríos Province. Bos primigenius taurus and Equus ferus caballus are the first findings of post-Hispanic domestic taxa in Holocene sediments from Entre Ríos. The specimen from San Guillermo Formation is the first record of a vertebrate in this unit. Future multidisciplinary studies will be necessary in order to obtain more robust data that will allow us to elucidate the geological and faunistic recent past of the Entre Ríos Province. Keywords: Quaternary, fossils, South America, Argentinian Mesopotamia.

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18

Doronina, Liliya, Graham M. Hughes, Diana Moreno-Santillan, Colleen Lawless, Tadhg Lonergan, Louise Ryan, David Jebb, et al. "Contradictory Phylogenetic Signals in the Laurasiatheria Anomaly Zone." Genes 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2022): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050766.

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Relationships among laurasiatherian clades represent one of the most highly disputed topics in mammalian phylogeny. In this study, we attempt to disentangle laurasiatherian interordinal relationships using two independent genome-level approaches: (1) quantifying retrotransposon presence/absence patterns, and (2) comparisons of exon datasets at the levels of nucleotides and amino acids. The two approaches revealed contradictory phylogenetic signals, possibly due to a high level of ancestral incomplete lineage sorting. The positions of Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera as the first and second earliest divergences were consistent across the approaches. However, the phylogenetic relationships of Perissodactyla, Cetartiodactyla, and Ferae, were contradictory. While retrotransposon insertion analyses suggest a clade with Cetartiodactyla and Ferae, the exon dataset favoured Cetartiodactyla and Perissodactyla. Future analyses of hitherto unsampled laurasiatherian lineages and synergistic analyses of retrotransposon insertions, exon and conserved intron/intergenic sequences might unravel the conflicting patterns of relationships in this major mammalian clade.

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Doronina, Liliya, Graham M. Hughes, Diana Moreno-Santillan, Colleen Lawless, Tadhg Lonergan, Louise Ryan, David Jebb, et al. "Contradictory Phylogenetic Signals in the Laurasiatheria Anomaly Zone." Genes 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2022): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050766.

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Relationships among laurasiatherian clades represent one of the most highly disputed topics in mammalian phylogeny. In this study, we attempt to disentangle laurasiatherian interordinal relationships using two independent genome-level approaches: (1) quantifying retrotransposon presence/absence patterns, and (2) comparisons of exon datasets at the levels of nucleotides and amino acids. The two approaches revealed contradictory phylogenetic signals, possibly due to a high level of ancestral incomplete lineage sorting. The positions of Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera as the first and second earliest divergences were consistent across the approaches. However, the phylogenetic relationships of Perissodactyla, Cetartiodactyla, and Ferae, were contradictory. While retrotransposon insertion analyses suggest a clade with Cetartiodactyla and Ferae, the exon dataset favoured Cetartiodactyla and Perissodactyla. Future analyses of hitherto unsampled laurasiatherian lineages and synergistic analyses of retrotransposon insertions, exon and conserved intron/intergenic sequences might unravel the conflicting patterns of relationships in this major mammalian clade.

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20

Southey, Bruce R., and Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas. "Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among Cetartiodactyla Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 23, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050247.

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The impact of evolution and domestication processes on the sequences of neuropeptide prohormone genes that participate in cell–cell signaling influences multiple biological process that involve neuropeptide signaling. This information is important to understand the physiological differences between Cetartiodactyla domesticated species such as cow, pig, and llama and wild species such as hippopotamus, giraffes, and whales. Systematic analysis of changes associated with evolutionary and domestication forces in neuropeptide prohormone protein sequences that are processed into neuropeptides was undertaken. The genomes from 118 Cetartiodactyla genomes representing 22 families were mined for 98 neuropeptide prohormone genes. Compared to other Cetartiodactyla suborders, Ruminantia preserved PYY2 and lost RLN1. Changes in GNRH2, IAPP, INSL6, POMC, PRLH, and TAC4 protein sequences could result in the loss of some bioactive neuropeptides in some families. An evolutionary model suggested that most neuropeptide prohormone genes disfavor sequence changes that incorporate large and hydrophobic amino acids. A compelling finding was that differences between domestic and wild species are associated with the molecular system underlying ‘fight or flight’ responses. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of simultaneously comparing the neuropeptide prohormone gene complement from close and distant-related species. These findings broaden the foundation for empirical studies about the function of the neuropeptidome associated with health, behavior, and food production.

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21

Linguiti, Giovanna, Francesco Giannico, Pietro D’Addabbo, Angela Pala, Anna Caputi Jambrenghi, Salvatrice Ciccarese, Serafina Massari, and Rachele Antonacci. "The Organization of the Pig T-Cell Receptor γ (TRG) Locus Provides Insights into the Evolutionary Patterns of the TRG Genes across Cetartiodactyla." Genes 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020177.

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The domestic pig (Sus scrofa) is a species representative of the Suina, one of the four suborders within Cetartiodactyla. In this paper, we reported our analysis of the pig TRG locus in comparison with the loci of species representative of the Ruminantia, Tylopoda, and Cetacea suborders. The pig TRG genomic structure reiterates the peculiarity of the organization of Cetartiodactyla loci in TRGC “cassettes”, each containing the basic V-J-J-C unit. Eighteen genes arranged in four TRGC cassettes, form the pig TRG locus. All the functional TRG genes were expressed, and the TRGV genes preferentially rearrange with the TRGJ genes within their own cassette, which correlates the diversity of the γ-chain repertoire with the number of cassettes. Among them, the TRGC5, located at the 5′ end of the locus, is the only cassette that retains a marked homology with the corresponding TRGC cassettes of all the analyzed species. The preservation of the TRGC5 cassette for such a long evolutionary time presumes a highly specialized function of its genes, which could be essential for the survival of species. Therefore, the maintenance of this cassette in pigs confirms that it is the most evolutionarily ancient within Cetartiodactyla, and it has undergone a process of duplication to give rise to the other TRGC cassettes in the different artiodactyl species in a lineage-specific manner.

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Proskuryakova, Anastasia, Anastasia Kulemzina, Polina Perelman, Alexey Makunin, Denis Larkin, Marta Farré, Anna Kukekova, et al. "X Chromosome Evolution in Cetartiodactyla." Genes 8, no. 9 (August 31, 2017): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes8090216.

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23

Rubes, J., P. Musilova, O. Kopecna, S. Kubickova, H. Cernohorska, and A. I. Kulemsina. "Comparative Molecular Cytogenetics in Cetartiodactyla." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 137, no. 2-4 (2012): 194–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000338932.

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Reyes Díaz, Jorge Luis, Carlos A. López González, Douglas A. Kelt, Julieta Vargas Cuenca, and Nalleli E. Lara Díaz. "A synthesis of Mexican mammalogy in Therya: the first 10 years!" Therya 12, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1093.

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Mammalogy as a discipline was pursued in Mexico since the mid-17th century. However, Mexican researchers were involved primarily in the mid-20th century, when national scientific journals were established to emphasize research on mammals. In 2010, the Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología, A. C., initiated the journal Therya. Therya has now completed its first decade of publication, and in this work, we analyze the articles and scientific notes published in Therya, focused on the studies of mammals in Mexican territory, including researchers and institutions, to describe the path that mammalogy has taken in recent years in Mexico. This synthesis therefore serves as a frame of reference for future mammalogy studies. We compiled all papers published in Therya during the period 2010-2019. We built a database gathering information from these publications such as authors, institutions and states of origin, study areas, capture methods, topics and taxa studied. We excluded from the analyses research outside of Mexico. We did a descriptive statistics analysis including mean, proportions, percentage and trends for each and all the sections. Therya has published 181 articles and 52 scientific notes on mammals distributed in Mexico. The majority of authors and institutions were from Mexico City. The states of southeastern Mexico were the most used as a study area, particularly Oaxaca and Chiapas. The orders Carnivora and Cetartiodactyla were the most studied, mainly using indirect methods. Trapping methods were most commonly used for small mammals. The least studied orders were Eulipotyphla, Cingulata, and Pilosa. The most studied topics are ecology, diversity, conservation and distribution. Therya has become one of the most important journals about mammal research in Mexico. Research in mammalogy, as reflected in the pages of Therya, is based in academic institutions with the metropolitan area of Mexico City, reflecting the institutional infrastructure and age, and possibly institutional budgetary factors. The southeast portion of the country is well studied due to the existence of regional institutions, as well as to the concentration of high biodiversity. The least studied regions of Mexico may be the result of a reduced number of research groups and social insecurity. Much research is focused on small mammals, making Sherman traps and mist nets the most used trapping methods; carnivores and cetartiodactyls are the most studied groups, using indirect study methods reducing study costs and effort. Ecology, diversity and distribution are the most studied topics, these studies allow the development of management plans.

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Boisserie, J. R., F. Lihoreau, and M. Brunet. "The position of Hippopotamidae within Cetartiodactyla." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102, no. 5 (January 26, 2005): 1537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409518102.

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Maniou, Z., O. C. Wallis, and M. Wallis. "Molecular evolution of growth hormone in Cetartiodactyla." Biochemical Society Transactions 29, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): A39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst029a039b.

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Boisserie, Jean-Renaud, Fabrice Lihoreau, and Michel Brunet. "Origins of Hippopotamidae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla): towards resolution." Zoologica Scripta 34, no. 2 (March 2005): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00183.x.

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Zhou, Xuming, Shixia Xu, Yunxia Yang, Kaiya Zhou, and Guang Yang. "Phylogenomic analyses and improved resolution of Cetartiodactyla." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61, no. 2 (November 2011): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.009.

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Zurano, Juan P., Felipe M. Magalhães, Ana E. Asato, Gabriel Silva, Claudio J. Bidau, Daniel O. Mesquita, and Gabriel C. Costa. "Cetartiodactyla: Updating a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 133 (April 2019): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.015.

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Puppione, Don L. "Cetartiodactyls evolved lacking the apoC-I gene." Gene Reports 5 (December 2016): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2016.09.007.

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31

Wallis, Michael. "Prolactin in the Afrotheria: characterization of genes encoding prolactin in elephant (Loxodonta africana), hyrax (Procavia capensis) and tenrec (Echinops telfairi)." Journal of Endocrinology 200, no. 2 (November 17, 2008): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-08-0462.

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Pituitary prolactin shows an episodic pattern of molecular evolution, with occasional short bursts of rapid change imposed on a generally rather slow evolutionary rate. In mammals, episodes of rapid change occurred in the evolution of primates, cetartiodactyls, rodents and the elephant. The bursts of rapid evolution in cetartiodactyls and rodents were followed by duplications of the prolactin gene that gave rise to large families of prolactin-related proteins including placental lactogens, while in primates the burst was followed by corresponding duplications of the related GH gene. The position in elephant is less clear. Extensive data relating to the genomic sequences of elephant and two additional members of the group Afrotheria are now available, and have been used here to characterize the prolactin genes in these species and explore whether additional prolactin-related genes are present. The results confirm the rapid evolution of elephant (Loxodonta africana) prolactin – the sequence of elephant prolactin is substantially different from that predicted for the ancestral placental mammal. Hyrax (Procavia capensis) prolactin is even more divergent but tenrec (Echinops telfairi) prolactin is strongly conserved. No evidence was obtained from searches of public databases for additional genes encoding prolactin-like proteins in any of these species. Detailed analysis of evolutionary rates, and other factors, indicates that the episode of rapid change in hyrax, and probably elephant, was adaptive, though the nature of the associated biological change(s) is not clear.

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Maier, Wolfgang, and Irina Ruf. "The anterior process of the malleus in Cetartiodactyla." Journal of Anatomy 228, no. 2 (October 29, 2015): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12393.

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Nakagomi, Caroline Shigema, Dafne Elias Kleftakis, Luíza Morrone de Oliveira Paes, Marina Carvalho Santos, Pamella de Sousa Santos, and Guilherme Reis Blume. "Alteração comportamental de animais antes de terremotos e tsunamis / Behavioral change of animals before earthquakes and tsunamis." Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research 4, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 2902–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv4n3-011.

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Estudos relacionados a alterações comportamentais de diversas espécies perante a terremotos e tsunamis vêm sendo documentados. É certo que os animais detectam sinais que seres humanos não percebem, assim, apresentam reações adversas anteriores a esses desastres. Este artigo coletou dados de estudos já publicados para analisar e comparar tais comportamentos anormais das diferentes espécies registradas. As principais Ordens relatadas foram: Primates, Anura, Rodentia, Perissodactyla, Cetartiodactyla, Carnivora, Galliformes, Cingulata e Proboscida. Mais pesquisas precisam ser realizadas para elucidar o efeito dos sinais elétricos emitidos pelos abalos sísmicos na fisiologia dos animais.

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Štofík, Jozef. "Kvalita trofejí lovených druhov kopytníkov na severovýchode Slovenska (Cetartiodactyla)." Lynx new series 52, no. 1 (2022): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2021.009.

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Trophy quality in hunted ungulates in northeastern Slovakia (Cetartiodactyla). Based on the data from trophy hunting statistics (1997–2019), this paper describes changes in the potential economic trophy value evaluation of hunted ungulates (PETV) by comparison of two groups of areas, (1) the hunting grounds with wolf protection (since 2014), and (2) the hunting grounds without wolf protection. In both groups of areas in the long-term aspect (1997–2019), the value of PETV had an increasing trend in the roe deer, wild boar, and red deer. Since 2014, in the areas with wolf protection the average value of PETV was at the level of 249 €/year/km2 (SD 69 €/year/km2) and in the areas without wolf protection, it was 185 €/year/km2 (SD 8 €/year/km2). Since 2014, in the areas with wolf protection, the mortality did not affect the PETV trend, but in the red deer a significant fluctuation in PETV values was observed compared to the previous period. Since 2014, in the areas with wolf protection, a qualitative increase in the value of hunted red deer trophies was registered, in almost all C.I.C. categories above 170 points.

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Boev, Zlatozar. "The last Bos primigenius survived in Bulgaria (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae)." Lynx new series 52, no. 1 (2022): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2021.010.

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A horn-core of Bos primigenius excavated from the depth of 537.3–537.4 m in the late medieval deposits of the second half of the 17th century to the 1st half of the 18th century AD is reported. This record suggests that the aurochs survived in the Central Balkans a century later than the reported known date (1627) from northern Poland.

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Parrilla-Martínez, Wenceslao. "Comparison of Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Cetartiodactyls (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria)." International Journal of Genetics and Genomics 3, no. 3 (2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150303.11.

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Mori, Satoko, and Masatoshi Matsunami. "Signature of positive selection in mitochondrial DNA in Cetartiodactyla." Genes & Genetic Systems 93, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1266/ggs.17-00015.

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Maniou, Zoitsa, O. Caryl Wallis, and Michael Wallis. "Episodic Molecular Evolution of Pituitary Growth Hormone in Cetartiodactyla." Journal of Molecular Evolution 58, no. 6 (June 2004): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-004-2595-x.

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Wallace, Rhianna M., Ky G. Pohler, Michael F. Smith, and Jonathan A. Green. "Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy." REPRODUCTION 149, no. 3 (March 2015): R115—R126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-14-0485.

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Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are abundantly expressed products of the placenta of species within the Cetartiodactyla order (even-toed ungulates). They are restricted to this order and they are particularly numerous in the Bovidae. The PAGs exhibit a range of temporal and spatial expression patterns by the placental trophoblasts and probably represent a group of related proteins that perform a range of distinct functions in the epitheliochorial and synepitheliochorial placental forms. This review presents an overview of the origins of the PAGs, a summary of PAG expression patterns, and their use as markers of pregnancy status. Speculations about their putative role(s) in pregnancy are also presented.

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Liu, Gang, Xiaoyang Wu, Yongquan Shang, Xibao Wang, Shengyang Zhou, and Honghai Zhang. "Adaptive Evolution of the OAS Gene Family Provides New Insights into the Antiviral Ability of Laurasiatherian Mammals." Animals 13, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13020209.

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Many mammals risk damage from virus invasion due to frequent environmental changes. The oligoadenylate synthesis (OAS) gene family, which is an important component of the immune system, provides an essential response to the antiviral activities of interferons by regulating immune signal pathways. However, little is known about the evolutionary characteristics of OASs in Laurasiatherian mammals. Here, we examined the evolution of the OAS genes in 64 mammals to explore the accompanying molecular mechanisms of the antiviral ability of Laurasiatherian mammals living in different environments. We found that OAS2 and OAS3 were found to be pseudogenes in Odontoceti species. This may be related to the fact that they live in water. Some Antilopinae, Caprinae, and Cervidae species lacked the OASL gene, which may be related to their habitats being at higher altitudes. The OASs had a high number of positive selection sites in Cetartiodactyla, which drove the expression of strong antiviral ability. The OAS gene family evolved in Laurasiatherian mammals at different rates and was highly correlated with the species’ antiviral ability. The gene evolution rate in Cetartiodactyla was significantly higher than that in the other orders. Compared to other species of the Carnivora family, the higher selection pressure on the OAS gene and the absence of positive selection sites in Canidae may be responsible for its weak resistance to rabies virus. The OAS gene family was relatively conserved during evolution. Conserved genes are able to provide better maintenance of gene function. The rate of gene evolution and the number of positively selected sites combine to influence the resistance of a species to viruses. The positive selection sites demonstrate the adaptive evolution of the OAS gene family to the environment. Adaptive evolution combined with conserved gene function improves resistance to viruses. Our findings offer insights into the molecular and functional evolution of the antiviral ability of Laurasian mammals.

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Labarca Encina, Rafael, Mario Pino, and Omar Recabarren. "Los Lamini (Cetartiodactyla: Camelidae) extintos del yacimiento de Pilauco (Norpatagonia chilena): aspectos taxonómicos y tafonómicos preliminares." Estudios Geológicos 69, no. 2 (April 15, 2013): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/egeol.40862.219.

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42

Приходько, В. И. "Краниальные признаки и типы питания подвидовых формMoschus moschiferusL. (Moschidae, Cetartiodactyla)." Известия Российской академии наук. Серия биологическая 2015, no. 1 (2015): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s0002332915010117.

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43

Tian, Ran, Yuepan Geng, Han Guo, Chen Yang, Inge Seim, and Guang Yang. "Comparative analysis of the superoxide dismutase gene family in Cetartiodactyla." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 34, no. 7 (June 9, 2021): 1046–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13792.

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44

Приходько, В. И. "О гетерохронии покровительственной окраски кабарги Moschus moschiferus L. (Moschidae, Cetartiodactyla)." Успехи современной биологии 139, no. 3 (2019): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0042132419030050.

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45

ORLIAC, M. J., and S. DUCROCQ. "Eocene raoellids (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) outside the Indian Subcontinent: palaeogeographical implications." Geological Magazine 149, no. 1 (July 28, 2011): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756811000586.

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AbstractRaoellidae are small fossil cetartiodactyls closely related to the Cetacea. Until now undisputable raoellid remains were reported only from the early Middle Eocene of the Indian Subcontinent, although this Indo-Pakistani endemism has been challenged by several recent works describing potential raoellids from Mongolia, Myanmar and China. In this contribution we address the question of raoellid taxonomic content and definition, through a revision of the dental features of the family. This work, which includes a revision of the putative raoellid material from outside Indo-Pakistan, is primarily based on a re-examination of ‘suoid’ specimens from Shanghuang (Middle Eocene, coastal China). Our results indicate that the Shanghuang material both substantiates the youngest and easternmost occurrence of Raoellidae and represents the only unquestionable record of raoellids outside the Indian Subcontinent at present. This significantly extends the geographical and chronological range of the family. The occurrence of a raoellid species in the Middle Eocene of coastal China implies that raoellids dispersed from the Indian Subcontinent to eastern Asia during Early or Middle Eocene time. This tempers classical hypotheses of Middle Eocene Indian endemism and eastern Asian provincialism.

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Вислобокова, И. А. "О происхождении Cetartiodactyla: сравнение данных эволюционной морфологии и молекулярной биологии." Палеонтологический журнал 2013, no. 3 (2013): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s0031031x13030124.

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Вислобокова, И. А. "Экологическая эволюция ранних Cetartiodactyla и реконструкция ее пропущенного начального звена." Палеонтологический журнал 2013, no. 5 (2013): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s0031031x13050127.

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THEODOR, JESSICA M. "MOLECULAR CLOCK DIVERGENCE ESTIMATES AND THE FOSSIL RECORD OF CETARTIODACTYLA." Journal of Paleontology 78, no. 1 (January 2004): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0039:mcdeat>2.0.co;2.

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Cremer, Marta Jussara, Annelise Colin Holz, Pablo Bordino, Randall S. Wells, and Paulo César Simões-Lopes. "Social sounds produced by franciscana dolphins, Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetartiodactyla, Pontoporiidae)." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, no. 3 (March 2017): 2047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4978437.

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Boisserie, Jean-Renaud, Christopher Kiarie, Fabrice Lihoreau, and Isaiah Nengo. "Middle Miocene Kenyapotamus (Cetartiodactyla, Hippopotamidae) from Napudet, Turkana Basin, Kenya." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): e1272055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2017.1272055.

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