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Döpfert, Jörg, Moritz Zaiss, Christopher Witte, and Leif Schröder. "Ultrafast CEST imaging." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 243 (June 2014): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2014.03.008.
Xu, Xiang, Nirbhay N. Yadav, Xiaolei Song, Michael T. McMahon, Alexej Jerschow, Peter C. M. van Zijl, and Jiadi Xu. "Screening CEST contrast agents using ultrafast CEST imaging." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 265 (April 2016): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2016.02.015.
Sun, Phillip Zhe. "Quasi–steady‐state CEST (QUASS CEST) solution improves the accuracy of CEST quantification: QUASS CEST MRI‐based omega plot analysis." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 86, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 765–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.28744.
Kejia Cai, Rongwen Tain, Xiaohong J. Zhou, and Charles E. Ray. "CEST MRI for Molecular Imaging of Brain Metabolites." Current Molecular Imaging 4, no. 2 (August 2015): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211555204666160210232349.
As a sensitive MRI method, Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI based on endogenous contrast has been increasingly utilized for molecular imaging of various metabolites. Among these applications, the authors have described CEST MRI for molecular imaging of brain metabolites in this review, including brain glutamate, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter; creatine, a key molecular of bioenergetics; and myo-inositol, a biomarker of glial cells. Those metabolites conventionally have been quantified with MR spectroscopy methods. Compared to MR spectroscopy, CEST methods typically provide a few hundred to a few thousand fold enhancement in sensitivity, enabling twodimensional imaging or mapping of metabolites at high resolution. In this review, the authors have also reviewed the preliminary applications of these molecular imaging methods. Finally, the challenges related to CEST MRI for molecular imaging in general are discussed.
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Longo, Dario Livio, Fatima Zzahra Moustaghfir, Alexandre Zerbo, Lorena Consolino, Annasofia Anemone, Martina Bracesco, and Silvio Aime. "EXCI-CEST: Exploiting pharmaceutical excipients as MRI-CEST contrast agents for tumor imaging." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 525, no. 1 (June 2017): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.040.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an advanced imaging method that probes the chemical exchange between bulk water protons and exchangeable solute protons. This chemical exchange decreases the MR signal of water and reveals the distribution and concentration of certain endogenous biomolecules or extrogenous contrast agents in organisms with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. The CEST signal depends not only on the concentration of the CEST contrast agent and external magnetic field but also on the surrounding environments of the contrast agent, such as pH and temperature, thus enabling CEST MRI to monitor pH, temperature, metabolic level, and enzyme activity in vivo. In this review, we discuss the principle of CEST MRI and mainly summarize the recent progress of diamagnetic CEST (diaCEST) contrast agents on tumor imaging, diagnosis, and therapy effect evaluation.
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Sawaya, Reika, Sohei Kuribayashi, Junpei Ueda, and Shigeyoshi Saito. "Evaluating the Cisplatin Dose Dependence of Testicular Dysfunction using Creatine Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging." Diagnostics 12, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051046.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a non-invasive molecular imaging technique for indirectly measuring low-concentration endogenous metabolites. Conventional CEST has low specificity, owing to the effects of spillover, magnetization transfer (MT), and T1 relaxation, thus necessitating an inverse Z-spectrum analysis. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of inverse Z-spectrum analysis in creatine (Cr)-CEST in mice, by conducting preclinical 7T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and comparing the conventional analysis metric magnetization transfer ratio (MTRconv) with the novel metric apparent exchange-dependent relaxation (AREX). We performed Cr-CEST imaging using 7T-MRI on mouse testes, using C57BL/6 mice as the control and a cisplatin-treated model. We prepared different doses of cisplatin to observe its dose dependence effect on testicular function. CEST imaging was obtained using an MT pulse with varying saturation frequencies, ranging from −4.8 ppm to +4.8 ppm. The application of control mouse testes improved the specificity of the CEST effect and image contrast between the testes and testicular epithelium. The cisplatin-treated model revealed impaired testicular function, and the Cr-CEST imaging displayed decreased Cr levels in the testes. There was a significant difference between the low- and high-dose models. The MTR values of Cr-CEST reflected the cisplatin dose dependence of testicular dysfunction.
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Gao, Tianxin, Chuyue Zou, Yifan Li, Zhenqi Jiang, Xiaoying Tang, and Xiaolei Song. "A Brief History and Future Prospects of CEST MRI in Clinical Non-Brain Tumor Imaging." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111559.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a promising molecular imaging tool which allows the specific detection of metabolites that contain exchangeable amide, amine, and hydroxyl protons. Decades of development have progressed CEST imaging from an initial concept to a clinical imaging tool that is used to assess tumor metabolism. The first translation efforts involved brain imaging, but this has now progressed to imaging other body tissues. In this review, we summarize studies using CEST MRI to image a range of tumor types, including breast cancer, pelvic tumors, digestive tumors, and lung cancer. Approximately two thirds of the published studies involved breast or pelvic tumors which are sites that are less affected by body motion. Most studies conclude that CEST shows good potential for the differentiation of malignant from benign lesions with a number of reports now extending to compare different histological classifications along with the effects of anti-cancer treatments. Despite CEST being a unique ‘label-free’ approach with a higher sensitivity than MR spectroscopy, there are still some obstacles for implementing its clinical use. Future research is now focused on overcoming these challenges. Vigorous ongoing development and further clinical trials are expected to see CEST technology become more widely implemented as a mainstream imaging technology.
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Lingl, Julia P., Arthur Wunderlich, Steffen Goerke, Daniel Paech, Mark E. Ladd, Patrick Liebig, Andrej Pala, et al. "The Value of APTw CEST MRI in Routine Clinical Assessment of Human Brain Tumor Patients at 3T." Diagnostics 12, no. 2 (February 14, 2022): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020490.
Background. With fast-growing evidence in literature for clinical applications of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this prospective study aimed at applying amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) CEST imaging in a clinical setting to assess its diagnostic potential in differentiation of intracranial tumors at 3 tesla (T). Methods. Using the asymmetry magnetization transfer ratio (MTRasym) analysis, CEST signals were quantitatively investigated in the tumor areas and in a similar sized region of the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) on the contralateral hemisphere of 27 patients with intracranial tumors. Area under curve (AUC) analyses were used and results were compared to perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). Results. Using APTw CEST, contrast-enhancing tumor areas showed significantly higher APTw CEST metrics than contralateral NAWM (AUC = 0.82; p < 0.01). In subgroup analyses of each tumor entity vs. NAWM, statistically significant effects were yielded for glioblastomas (AUC = 0.96; p < 0.01) and for meningiomas (AUC = 1.0; p < 0.01) but not for lymphomas as well as metastases (p > 0.05). PWI showed results comparable to APTw CEST in glioblastoma (p < 0.01). Conclusions. This prospective study confirmed the high diagnostic potential of APTw CEST imaging in a routine clinical setting to differentiate brain tumors.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CEST imaging":
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Truong, Yen Janette. "Discovery of Signal Suppression by N-hydroxy Piperidine to Enable Activity-based Sensing by Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41091.
Fluorescent probes are useful tools for studying chemical biology, available in a wide variety of colours and applicable to different biochemical processes. One of their hallmarks is the ability to tune their chemistry and allow them to selectively “turn on” in response to different biomolecular targets of interest. However, fluorescence is largely limited by shallow tissue depth of penetration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can overcome the depth of penetration limitations to better map these biochemical processes and mechanisms with contrast agents. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is an alternative method to generating contrast in MR imaging that, like fluorescence, can provide multiplexed imaging by varying the chemical shift of the exchangeable proton on the contrast agent. Previously, a paramagnetic CEST agent containing two tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) moieties was shown to reduce the CEST signal of a lanthanide complex due to T1 shortening effects on bulk water. Herein, we present a probe design strategy capable of suppressing the diamagnetic CEST (diaCEST) signal with the use of an N-hydroxy piperidine moiety. This discovery that N-hydroxy piperidine is capable of suppressing the diaCEST signal was applied to the study the activity of fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP). FAP is an enzyme involved in maintaining the tumour environment and its interactions can help understand tumour development, invasion and metastasis.
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Meißner, Jan-Eric [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Bachert. "Quantitative pulsed CEST MR imaging / Jan-Eric Meißner ; Betreuer: Peter Bachert." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/118098594X/34.
Sinharay, Sanhita. "Development and Application of CatalyCEST MRI Contrast Agents for the Study of Enzyme Activities in Tumor Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612945.
The in vivo detection of enzyme activity is a significant biomarker in tumorigenesis. Assessment of enzyme activity relative to enzyme concentration can serve as quite an accurate measurement of several disease states. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI is a non-invasive imaging technique that can be used to evaluate enzyme activity. Compared to other contrast agents CEST MRI agents have a slower chemical exchange rate and thus have greater specificity for detecting the intended biomarker. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the advances made in the field of molecular imaging for detection of cancer biomarkers. The molecular mechanism of each technique is explained with specific examples and advantages as well as disadvantages of each technique. Chapter 2 investigates the specific example of detection of an enzyme, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in ovarian cancer tumor models using a catalyCEST MRI contrast agent. This chapter discusses the step-by step evaluation of the non-metallic contrast agent, from synthesis to evaluation of its catalytic efficiency with Michaelis Menten kinetics studies and finally in vivo GGT detection in ovarian tumor models of OVCAR-8 and OVCAR-3. Chapter 3 investigates the enzyme, Kallikrein-6 and its detection in HCT116 colon cancer tumor model. In addition to enzyme detection, enzyme inhibition using Antithrombin III inhibitor has also been explored within in vitro media and in vivo HCT116 tumor model. Chapter 4 introduces the catalyCEST agent for detection of sulfatase enzyme. This chapter discusses the synthesis of this agent and its ability to detect sulfatase in bacterial cell suspension and mammalian cell suspension. These examples portray catalyCEST MRI as a platform technology for enzyme activity detection. Finally in Chapter 5 future ideas have been proposed to improve the in vivo detection and broaden the applications of catalyCEST MRI in the field of enzyme studies.
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Chen, Liu Qi. "Development and Application of AcidoCEST MRI for Evaluating Tumor Acidosis in Pre-Clinical Cancer Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323450.
Tumor acidosis is an important biomarker in cancer. We have developed a noninvasive imaging method, termed acidosis Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (acidoCEST) MRI to measure extracellular pH (pHe) in the tumor microenvironment. Chapter 1 introduces the importance of measuring tumor acidosis and presents various imaging modalities and their shortcoming to measure pHe. Chapter 2 describes the optimization of acidoCEST MRI for in vivo pHe measurement. The acidoCEST MRI protocol consists of a CEST-FISP acquisition and Lorentzian line shape fittings. We determined the optimal saturation time, saturation power and bandwidth, 5 sec, 2.8 µT and 90 Hz respectively. We also tried various routes of administration to increase contrast agent uptake in the tumor. We decided upon 200 µL bolus followed by 150 µL/hr infusion. The optimized acidoCEST MRI protocol was tested on a mammary carcinoma mouse model of MDA- MB-231. Our method can detect an increase in pHe in the bladder and tumor of the mice treated with bicarbonate. We used this optimized acidoCEST MRI method to measure pHe in lymphoma tumor model of Raji, Ramos and Granta 519 as described in Chapter 3. Pixel-wise pHe maps showed tumor heterogeneity. The pHe of Raji, Ramos and Granta 519 were determined to be mildly acidic with no significant difference. Chapter 4 describes the evolution of pixel-wise analysis in more detail. Besides the pHe map and spatial heterogeneity, we were able to determine the % contrast agent uptake. We monitored these biomarkers in two different mammary carcinoma mouse models, MDA- MB-231 and MCF-7 longitudinally and made comparisons between the different tumor models: MCF-7 were more acidic, more heterogeneous and faster growing than MDA- MB-231.
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Sheth, Vipul Ravindra. "A CEST MRI METHOD TO MEASURE pH." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1290287480.
Hingorani, Dina Vinoo. "Developing Responsive MRI Contrast Agents to Study Tumor Biology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333481.
Enzymes are important biomarkers for determining tumor growth and progression. We have developed two molecules to image enzyme response by catalyCEST MRI. This technology allows for non-invasive detection of enzymes. A background of importance of measuring enzyme activity and MRI agents developed for this purpose have been covered in Chapter 1. We have synthesized a responsive paramagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) agent, called Tm-DO3A-cadaverine. This contrast agents has been successfully cross-linked to the protein albumin by the enzyme transglutaminase leading to the appearance of CEST at -9.2 ppm. The enzyme catalysis has been validated by measuring chemical exchange rates. We have shown that the position of the CEST peak is influenced by the conformation of the molecule depending on the neighboring amino acids to glutamine. This is the first example to show the appearance of CEST due to formation of a covalent bond. We have also synthesized a diamagnetic CEST agent with a large chemical shift dispersion to detect cathespin B activity. Upon enzyme mediated cleavage of PheArgSal, the aryl amide CEST peak at 5.3 ppm disappears. Taking a ratio of the CEST effects from salicylic acid at 9.5 ppm and aryl amide at 5.3 ppm we can detect enzyme activity. The salicylic acid moiety also undergoes some slow response due to enzyme action, as evident by the disappearance of CEST at 9.5 ppm. However, this proof of concept study is the first example of a DIACEST agent designed to measure enzyme activity using a ratio of two CEST effects from the same substrate. The last chapter highlights suggests improvements to the catalyCEST research. The appendix shows the use of bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements by NMR to determine bio-distribution of lanthanides in ex-vivo tissue.
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Daryaei, Iman, and Iman Daryaei. "Study, Evaluation, and Applications of MRI Contrast Agents that Work Based on CEST and T2-EX Mechanisms." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625366.
MRI is a powerful imaging method that offers several advantages including non-ionizing radiation, significant depth of penetration, and great spatial resolution. Current demand for precision medicine and the movement toward personalized medicine have encouraged researchers in the field of medical imaging to develop MRI-based techniques. Various techniques are now available for molecular imaging by MRI. MRI started by utilizing T1 relaxation properties of molecules but soon after other relaxation mechanisms such as T2 and recently Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) were developed. Each of those MRI techniques offers advantages and disadvantages such as differences in experimental procedures, complexity of the method, selectivity and specificity of signals, and translation into clinical applications.
We have been developing MRI techniques and responsive contrast agents for CEST MRI in the Pagel laboratory (Contrast Agent and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, also called CAMEL) for the past decade. We have mainly utilized MRI techniques and responsive contrast agents to detect and measure cancer biomarkers. Detection of the activity of enzymes and measurement of pH have been our main focus, and we have developed catalyCEST MRI probes and techniques for the detection of the activity of enzymes and acidoCEST for the measurement of pH. My research started with investigation on paramagnetic agents as potential CEST MRI probes (paraCEST) and continued with an investigation on diamagnetic agents (diaCEST).
I completed several projects in which I prepared and evaluated paraCEST and diaCEST contrast agents for the detection of DT-diaphorase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes, respectively. Although CEST MRI was my main activity in CAMEL, I started a new direction in CAMEL after encountering a series of observations that were unexplainable with CEST MRI. Through my research, I introduced a new class of responsive contrast agents based on the T2-Exchange (T2-Ex) relaxation mechanism. I employed the T2-Ex mechanism to evaluate responsive contrast agents for the detection of nitric oxide biomolecule and nitroreductase enzyme. My research activities in the CAMEL group resulted in one review paper, one book chapter, two published research articles, and two submitted research manuscripts at the time of preparing my PhD dissertation. In addition to my projects, I was involved in another project that focused on nanocapsule drug delivery, which resulted in a second author publication.
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Jones, Kyle M., and Kyle M. Jones. "Improving the Accuracy and Precision of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621793.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI has the ability to noninvasively measure endogenous biomarkers and exogenous agents relevant to various diseases and medical conditions. My work has focused on the development of MRI pulse sequences and data analysis methods to more accurately estimate endogenous and exogenous CEST contrast measurements at 7 T and 3 T magnetic field strengths. Chapter 1 discusses the various sources of signal that have been measured with CEST MRI in the clinic, the acquisition methods used to acquire these signals, and the data analysis methods used to quantify the CEST effects from these signals. Appendix A describes the development of a respiration gated CEST pulse sequence that was ultimately used with a lung fibrosis mouse model to measure extracellular pH (pHe) of the fibrotic lesions. Appendix B describes the development of a data processing algorithm that used the Bloch equations modified for chemical exchange to generate more accurate and precise pHe estimates both at 7 T and 3 T magnetic field strengths relative to a previous data processing algorithm. Appendix C describes the development of a retrospective gating technique for the lung that generates more accurate and precise endogenous CEST contrast measurements.
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Pépin, Jérémy. "Développement de l’imagerie métabolique par IRM-CEST : application à la maladie de Huntington." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS032/document.
La maladie de Huntington (MH) est une maladie neurodégénérative héréditaire qui affecte le cerveau. Cette maladie est caractérisée par des signes cliniques tels que la dépression, la démence ainsi que des troubles moteurs s’aggravant au fil du temps. Ces déficiences sont dues à une augmentation anormale de la taille des répétitions CAG dans le gène codant la protéine huntingtine. Celle-ci s’accumule dans les cellules cérébrales et entraine leur mort. Des études antérieures ont démontré que le profil métabolique mesuré en spectroscopie RMN ¹H pouvait être altéré chez les patients atteints de cette maladie ainsi que des atrophies majeures de certaines structures du cerveau. Des hypothèses impliquant des défauts du métabolisme énergétique ont été avancées pour expliquer en partie la physiopathologie de la maladie. Les acteurs du métabolisme pourraient ainsi constituer des biomarqueurs d’intérêt. A l'aide d'une modalité d'IRM prometteuse appelée CEST (Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer : Transfert de Saturation par Echange Chimique) il est possible de détecter des protons labiles faiblement concentrés qui sont classiquement indétectables en IRM. Il devient ainsi possible de cartographier in vivo la distribution de métabolites comme le glutamate (qui est un neurotransmetteur) ou le glucose (qui est le carburant des cellules) qui sont potentiellement impliqués dans les maladies neurodégénératives. Les développements méthodologiques effectués lors de cette thèse ont ensuite été appliqués à des modèles de rongeurs de la maladie de Huntington (souris KI140, souris R6/1, rats BACHD) afin d'identifier les biomarqueurs potentiels de la pathologie et d'évaluer la pertinence de ces méthodes IRM innovantes. L’ensemble de ces résultats et des méthodes mises en place durant cette thèse montrent le potentiel de l’imagerie CEST pour l’étude des maladies neurodégénératives Huntington's disease (HD) is a inherited neurodegenerative disease affecting the brain. This disease is characterized by clinical symptoms such as psychiatric, cognitive and motor disorders worsening over time. These deficiencies are due to an abnormal increase in the size of the CAG repeats in the gene encoding the huntingtin protein. Thisaccumulates in the brain cells and causes their death. Previous studies have shown that the metabolic profile measured in ¹H NMR spectroscopy can be altered in patients with this disease as well as major atrophy of certain structures of the brain. Hypotheses involving defects in energy metabolism have been advanced to explain partially the pathophysiology of the disease. The metabolic actors could thus be biomarkers of interest. Using a promising MRI modality called Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST), it is possible to detect low-concentrated labile protons that are classically undetectable in MRI. It thus becomes possible to map in vivo the distribution of metabolites such as glutamate (which is a neurotransmitter) or glucose (which is the fuel of cells) which are potentially involved in neurodegenerative diseases. The methodological developments carried out during this thesis were then applied to rodent models of Huntington's disease (KI140 mice, R6/1 mice, BACHD rats) in order to identify potential biomarkers of the pathology and to evaluate the relevance of these innovative MRI methods. All of these results and methods implemented during this thesis show the potential of CEST imaging for the study of neurodegenerative diseases
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Goldsher, Anetta Victoria, and Anetta Victoria Goldsher. "Detection of Enzyme Activity in a Pancreatic Tumor Model Using CatalyCEST Contrast MRI." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625887.
Detection of enzyme activity has gained popularity in molecular imaging because increased activity of enzymes such as urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) can serve as biomarkers and assist in cancer diagnosis. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique that can be utilized to detect enzyme activity; however, CEST MRI is not the only technique that can assess enzyme activity. Chapter 1 provides an overview of various imaging modalities that have been used to detect enzyme activity in vivo. Advances made in probe-design are discussed, in addition to advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Chapter 2 focuses on detection of uPA activity in a pancreatic cancer tumor model using a catalyCEST MRI contrast agent. Chapter 2 also discusses the importance of uPA in tumor biology, addresses the synthesis of the contrast agent, and evaluates the results of in vivo detection and ex vivo validation of uPA activity in response to therapy of pancreatic tumor models of Capan-2. The in vivo and ex vivo results showed no significant difference in uPA activity between chemotherapy-treated and non-treated mice. Additionally, no significant difference was observed between before and after chemotherapy-treated groups. Chapter 3 addresses some of the limitations of the study detailed in Chapter 2 and proposes improvements.
STACOM 2010 (2010 Beijing, China). Statistical atlases and computational models of the heart: First International Workshop, STACOM 2010, and cardiac electrophysical simulation challenge, CESC 2010, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2010, Beijing, China, September 20, 2010 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2010.
Smith, Nic, Oscar Camara, Mihaela Pop, Kawal Rhode, and Maxime Sermesant. Statistical Atlases and Computational Models of the Heart: First International Workshop, STACOM 2010, and Cardiac Electrophysical Simulation Challenge, CESC 2010, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2010, Beijing, China, September 20, 2010, Proceedings. Springer London, Limited, 2010.
Leskinen, Maria V., and Eugeny A. Yablokov, eds. All men and beasts, lions, eagles, quails… Anthropomorphic and Zoomorphic Representations of Nations and States in Slavic Сultural Discourse. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0441-1.
The book was compiled on the materials of the scientific conference “Anthropomorphic and zoomorphic representations of nations and states in the Slavic cultural discourse” (2019), held at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and devoted to the history of the nations’ personifications and generalized ethnic images in period of “imagined communities” formation. This process is reconstructing on verbal and visual sources and by methods of various disciplines. The historical evolution of such zoomorphic incarnations of nations as an Eagle (in the Polish patriotic poetry of the first third of the 19th cent), a Falcon (in the South Slavic and Czech cultures in the 19th cent), a Griffin (during the formation of the Cassubian ethnocultural identity) is considered. The animalistic national representations in the Estonian caricature of the interwar twenty years of the 20th cent., so as the functioning of the Bear’s allegory as a symbol of Russia in modern Russian souvenir products are analyzed. The originality of zoomorphic symbolism in Polish and Soviet cultures is shown оn the examples of para- and metaheraldic images in XXth cent. The transformation of the verbal and visual images of “Mother Russia” personifications in Russian Empire was reconstructed. The evolution of various allegories of ethnic “Self” and “Others” is presented by caricatures of 19th – 20th cent. in Slovenian periodic and in Russian “Satyricon” journal (1914–1918).
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Rajadhyaksha, Ashish. 5. Bollywood. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198723097.003.0005.
Indian cinema has historically assumed that its enormous local impact disqualifies it from imagining an audience beyond the domestic one. ‘Bollywood’ explains, however, that there has been—and still is—an elusive fugitive, global audience. But why are only 15–17 per cent of Indian films commercially successful? Who is making all the money? The criminal underworld of Bollywood is described along with the attempts to clean up the industry. An important marker occurred in 2006, when the very character of the Indian state appeared to have been transformed, and with it, its attitude to its cinema industry. It was important that India’s ambitions for globalizing its economy coincided with the digital revolution.
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Capponi, Matteo. Parole et geste dans la tragédie grecque. À la lumière des trois « Électre ». Éditions Alphil-Presses universitaires suisses, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33055/alphil.03145.
Imaginez-vous à Athènes, vers 414 avant J.-C. Dans le théâtre de Dionysos sous l’Acropole. Gradins en bois, sol de terre battue, et pour seul décor un bâtiment rudimentaire, doté d’une grande porte. Au programme, Électre de Sophocle. La porte s’ouvre, Électre apparaît. C’est la fille de Clytemnestre et d’Agamemnon. Clytemnestre a assassiné Agamemnon à son retour de Troie, après dix ans de guerre. Elle règne aux côtés de son amant, Égisthe. Électre vient hurler sa peine devant le palais de Mycènes, face aux 12 000 spectateurs athéniens. Elle prend à témoin le jour qui se lève, rappelle le meurtre affreux de son père, invoque les déesses de la vengeance. Sophocle la représente ainsi, accablée par le deuil. Grâce à une tradition longue de 2 400 ans, nous connaissons les mots d’Électre prononcés ce jour-là : ceux de l’héroïne, ceux du poète, ceux de l’acteur derrière le masque. Nous avons le texte qui nous permet d’imaginer les gestes. Et de là les effets de scène, l’émotion des spectateurs, le spectacle vivant. Le présent ouvrage part à la recherche de ces gestes perdus. Entre les lignes des trois « Électre » d’Eschyle, de Sophocle et d’Euripide, il décèle des gestes de différentes natures : jeu et danse du comédien ; actes de parole d’Électre qui prie, se lamente, jure, maudit ; figures stylistiques par lesquelles le poète donne corps au texte… C’est une lecture qui mobilise aussi bien l’oreille que le regard. Qui montre comment la parole, selon les Anciens, acquiert son efficacité sur scène. En d’autres termes : comment elle devient geste.
Book chapters on the topic "CEST imaging":
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Kunth, Martin, and Leif Schröder. "CEST MRI." In Quantification of Biophysical Parameters in Medical Imaging, 213–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65924-4_10.
Paech, Daniel, and Lisa Loi. "Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Imaging." In Functional Neuroradiology, 293–308. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10909-6_11.
Evbuomwan, Osasere M., Enzo Terreno, Silvio Aime, and A. Dean Sherry. "CEST and PARACEST Agents for Molecular Imaging." In The Chemistry of Molecular Imaging, 225–43. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118854754.ch10.
Terreno, Enzo, Daniela Delli Castelli, and Silvio Aime. "Paramagnetic CEST MRI Contrast Agents." In The Chemistry of Contrast Agents in Medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 387–425. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118503652.ch9.
Aime, Silvio. "Chapter 5 Birth of CEST Agents in Torino." In Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging, 47–54. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364421-6.
Paech, Daniel, and Alexander Radbruch. "CEST, pH, and Glucose Imaging as Markers for Hypoxia and Malignant Transformation." In Glioma Imaging, 161–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27359-0_10.
Longo, Dario Livio, Pietro Irrera, Lorena Consolino, Phillip Zhe Sun, and Michael T. McMahon. "Renal pH Imaging Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI: Basic Concept." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 241–56. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_14.
AbstractMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been actively explored in the last several decades for assessing renal function by providing several physiological information, including glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, tissue oxygenation and water diffusion. Within MRI, the developing field of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) has potential to provide further functional information for diagnosing kidney diseases. Both endogenous produced molecules as well as exogenously administered CEST agents have been exploited for providing functional information related to kidney diseases in preclinical studies. In particular, CEST MRI has been exploited for assessing the acid-base homeostasis in the kidney and for monitoring pH changes in several disease models. This review summarizes several CEST MRI procedures for assessing kidney functionality and pH, for monitoring renal pH changes in different kidney injury models and for evaluating renal allograft rejection.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
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Longo, Dario, and Silvio Aime. "Chapter 19 Iodinated Contrast Media as pH-Responsive CEST Agents." In Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging, 447–66. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364421-20.
Yadav, Nirbhay N., Jiadi Xu, Xiang Xu, Guanshu Liu, Michael T. McMahon, and Peter C. M. van Zijl. "Chapter 6 General Theory of CEST Image Acquisition and Post-Processing." In Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging, 55–96. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364421-7.
Sun, Phillip Z., Iris Y. Zhou, Takahiro Igarashi, Yingkun Guo, Gang Xiao, and Renhua Wu. "Simplified correction of B1inhomogeneity for chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI measurement with surface transceiver coil." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Barjor Gimi and Robert C. Molthen. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2082653.
Siadkowska, Ksenia, Karol Ścisłowski, Rafał Kliza, Błażej Czajka, and Mirosław Wendeker. "Thermal imaging monitoring of the prototype research installations." In CENTRAL EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON THERMOPHYSICS 2021 (CEST 2021). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0070428.
Yuan, Jing, Greta Seng Peng Mok, Qinwei Zhang, Yi-Xiang Wang, and Jinyuan Zhou. "Improved quantification of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI using nonlocal means." In 2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2014.7430844.
Zhong, Yudong, Xiaodong Zhou, Qun Chen, and Yiping Du. "Fast Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI With Dual-channel Segmented RF Irradiation." In 2019 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic42101.2019.9059739.
Liang, Yuhua, Chongxue Bie, Bowei Chen, Yuqing Hou, and Xiaolei Song. "Motion correction in CEST MRI series exploiting Adaptive Stochastic Gradient Descent (ASGD) – based optimization algorithm." In 2019 International Conference on Medical Imaging Physics and Engineering (ICMIPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmipe47306.2019.9098204.
Sanchez, Ruben, Clément Jailin, Ann-Katherine Carton, Pablo Milioni de Carvalho, Laurence Casteignau, and Serge Muller. "Breast shape estimation and correction in CESM biopsy." In Sixteenth International Workshop on Breast Imaging, edited by Hilde Bosmans, Nicholas Marshall, and Chantal Van Ongeval. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2625779.
Dash, S., A. Goel, and S. Sogani. "Incremental Role of 18F-FDG PET with contrast enhanced CT (PET-CECT) in detection of recurrence of carcinoma cervix." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685260.
Purpose: To evaluate the role of 18F-FDG PET with contrast enhanced CT (PET-CECT) in early detection of recurrence in follow up patients of carcinoma cervix. Methods: Patients with histopathologically proven carcinoma cervix who underwent chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or surgery and on follow up were recruited in the study. Fifty-two patients underwent 18F-FDG PET-CECT for detection of recurrence. The median age was 51.5 (average = 53.4) years. PET-CECT studies were evaluated and analyzed separately by an experienced nuclear medicine physician and a radiologist independently. The physicians were blinded for the patient history. PET-CECT results were validated with histopathological correlation, conventional radiologic imaging/follow up PET-CECT study and clinical follow up. Results: Out of 52 patients, 34 patients were reported as positive for recurrence, 17 of these were having active local recurrence and 31 patients had regional lymph nodal metastases, 14 patients had distant metastases (out of them 6 patients had distant lymph node metastases, 6 had pulmonary metastases, 4 had skeletal metastases and two had liver metastases). Remaining 18 patients were reported as negative for recurrence. The lung was the most common site for distant metastasis. Patient were then further evaluated based on histopathological correlation, conventional radiologic imaging and follow up PET-CECT scan and five were found to be false positive and one patient was identified as false negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were derived to be 96.7%, 77.3%, 85.3% and 94.4%, respectively. Accuracy was calculated to be 88.5%. Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET-CECT is a very useful non-invasive modality for the early detection of recurrence and metastatic workup in patients with carcinoma cervix with a very high sensitivity and negative predictive value. It is also useful in targeting biopsy sites in suspected cases of recurrence.
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Ravaglia, Valentina, Simona Farnedi, Giorgia Guerra, Nicoletta Scrittori, and Giovanna Venturi. "A homemade phantom for image quality evaluation in contrast enhanced spectral mammography (CESM)." In Sixteenth International Workshop on Breast Imaging, edited by Hilde Bosmans, Nicholas Marshall, and Chantal Van Ongeval. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2622206.
de la Rosa, R. Sanchez, A. K. Carton, P. Milioni de Carvalho, Z. Li, S. Muller, and I. Bloch. "Preliminary study of CEDBT and CESM performances using simulated analytical contrast uptakes." In 2018 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2018). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2018.8363691.
Rosa, R. Sanchez de la, A. K. Carton, P. Milioni de Carvalho, I. Bloch, and S. Muller. "Analysis of Cedbt and CESM Performance Using a Realistic X-Ray Simulation Platform." In 2019 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2019.8759527.
