Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cervical artificial insemination (AI)

Academic literature on the topic 'Cervical artificial insemination (AI)'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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SINGH, MAHAK, R. TALIMOA MOLLIER, P. H. ROMEN SHARMA, and J. K. CHAUDHARY. "Reproductive performance in cervical and postcervical artificial insemination (PCAI) with liquid boar semen in Gunghroo × Hampshire crossbreed pig in Nagaland." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 90, no. 5 (September 10, 2020): 708–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i5.104610.

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Genetic advancement for the modern swine industry is primarily accomplished through the use of reproductive biotechnology, mainly artificial insemination (AI). The objective of the present study was to compare the fertility outcome by cervical and post-cervical artificial insemination (PCAI) using normal (three billion) and reduced (one billion) number of spermatozoa in pig. Pluriparous weaned sows were grouped into 4 groups, i.e. Group- 1, AI with three billion spermatozoa by intra-cervical insemination; Group-2, AI with one and half billion spermatozoa by intra-cervical insemination; Group-3, AI with three billion spermatozoa by PCAI and Group-4, AI with one and half billion spermatozoa by PCAI. Non-significantly higher farrowing rate was recorded in Group-3 compared to Group-1. Post-cervical AI with lower number of spermatozoa (Group-4) resulted into farrowing rate which was similar to cervical insemination with higher number of spermatozoa (Group-1). There was significant difference in litter size at birth and litter size at weaning between Group-1 and 2. Litter size at birth and litter size at weaning was significantly higher in Group-4 compared to Group-2. Also, litter size at birth and litter size at weaning was significantly higher in PCAI animals (Group-2 and 4) compared to cervical inseminated animals (Group-1 and 2). In conclusion, PCAI with liquid boar semen was found to have improved farrowing rate, litter size at birth and litter size at weaning compared to cervical insemination.
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Arrebola, Francisco, Olga González, Rafael Torres, and José-Alfonso Abecia. "Artificial insemination in Payoya goats: factors affecting fertility." Animal Production Science 54, no. 3 (2014): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13138.

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The present study was conducted to determine the effect of different factors on pregnancy rate after artificial insemination (AI) with refrigerated and frozen semen in Payoya goats reared under commercial farm conditions. A total of 820 goats, belonging to 10 farms, was used. The total number of studied inseminations was 1384 over a 4-year period. Factors considered in the study were year, farm, month of AI, age of the goat at AI, dose of progestagen, eCG dose, buck, type of semen (refrigerated or frozen), technician, number of goats to be inseminated (group size), incidences at AI (problems, no problems, trans-cervical insemination), distance from semen collection to farm, number of previous kidding, kidding–AI interval, and milk production. The variable studied was fertility, expressed as successful kidding. Mean fertility was 59%. Six (farm, age, group size, transcervical AI, number of kidding and milk production) of the 15 factors studied presented a significant (P < 0.05) effect on fertility after AI. Our results demonstrated that it is difficult to control all the critical aspects of AI programs at the farm level. These factors should be controlled and the variations that could compromise the chance of being pregnant must be known by technicians. The good fertility results obtained during the non-breeding season emphasise the implementation of this technique so as to improve the competitiveness of the dairy Payoya breed flocks.
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Haresign, W., R. M. Curnock, and H. C. B. Reed. "Conception rates following cervical and intrauterine insemination in the ewe." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1986 (March 1986): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600015749.

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The current technique for artificial insemination (AI) of ewes during the breeding season necessitates the synchronisation of oestrus with progestagen sponges and PMSG, and involves depositing semen into the posterior cervix at a fixed time after sponge removal. Extensive field trials over a number of years in the UK have indicated that a single insemination using fresh diluted semen 56 h after sponge removal generally results in a conception rate of 70%, while conception rates following a single insemination of frozen-thawed semen 57 h after sponge removal have ranged from 19% to 34% (mean 28%). Giving two inseminations of frozen-thawed semen at 50 h and 60 h after sponge removal increased the overall mean conception rate, but only up to 48%. This inability to achieve acceptable conception rates with frozen-thawed semen nullifies many of the potential benefits of AI in sheep flocks.It is well established that the cervix presents a major barrier to sperm transport in the ewe, particularly when oestrus has been synchronised with progestagens and PMSG.
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Foxworth, William B., Scott Horner, Alphina Ho-Watson, Islyn Gilmore, Katherine Gutierrez, Shaye Lewis, and Gary Newton. "PSX-12 Comparison of transcervical and intracervical artificial insemination techniques for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in the goat." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.914.

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Abstract The efficacy of transcervical (TC) and intracervical (IC) semen deposition was evaluated for pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) in a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) program in the goat. Three breeds (Alpine, n = 50, Boer, n = 17 and Spanish n = 20) were synchronized by a Co-synch program and then inseminated by TCAI (n = 52) or a commercial ICAI (RamGo, TecnoGen) technique (n = 35). On d0, the goats received a CIDR insert and a single injection of GnRH. On d12, CIDRs were removed and a single injection of PGF2α was administered, followed seventeen hours by an injection of GnRH. On d14, 49–50 hours post CIDR removal, the does were inseminated with fresh, cooled (4OC) semen. For TCAI, the external os cervix was visualized and the insemination gun inserted. Following manipulation through the cervical rings, semen was deposited in the uterine body. For ICAI, the straw was loaded into a RamGo intracervical catheter (ICC) and mixed with media to increase the volume. The doe was held at 60–70 degrees (head down). The external os cervix was visualized, the tip of the ICC placed in the os cervix and manipulated into the first cervical ring. Semen was deposited intracervically. Pregnancy status was determined on day 30–35 via transrectal ultrasound. No difference in P/AI was noted between the TC or IC technique (45.7 and 30.8 %, respectively). Additionally, no interactive effect on P/AI was found between insemination method and breed. The timing of FTAI did present a significant difference in the P/AI among the breeds. Spanish does demonstrated a lower P/AI than the Boer and Alpine does (10 vs 41.2 and 46 %, respectively). In summary, ICAI requires less technical proficiency and is a practical technique for FTAI in the goat. The P/AI results further demonstrate a need for continued evaluation of the optimal timing of insemination between breeds.
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Findlater, R. C. F., W. Haresign, and R. M. Curnock. "Effect of timing of intrauterine insemination with frozen-thawed semen on conception rates in ewes." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1987 (March 1997): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600034681.

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The widespread use of artificial insemination (AI) in the United Kingdom sheep industry has been limited by the poor conception rates obtained after cervical insemination of frozen-thawed semen. The major problem in this respect is the impairment of sperm transport through the cervix, particularly when AI is used in conjunction with oestrus synchronisation.Previous studies (Killeen and Caffery, 1982; Maxwell, 1984) have indicated that a laparo-scopic technique for intrauterine insemination in ewes may overcome such limitations. At the moment, however, sufficient data on the optimum time of insemination and sperm doses required to maximise fertility in British breeds are not available. The present study was conducted to establish the optimum time of intrauterine insemination using frozen-thawed semen.
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AL-Mutar, HA. "Comparative Study Between Different Methods of Insemination in Iraqi Does." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 35, no. 2 (December 29, 2011): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v35i2.581.

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Present experimental was carried out on 22 does 2-4 years old. The aim was to induction of estrous in non-breeding season using impregnated sponge with 20 mg of medroxy progesterone acetate (MPA) for 13 days and with an i/m injection of 500 IU Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) hormone 24 hrs before sponge withdrawal and to compare the pregnancy rate using three different methods of insemination; natural , cervical and laparoscopic artificial insemination at fixed time 24-48 hrs after estrous onset. All does were showed signs of estrous (100%), the estrous time was 46.9±4.90hrs (24-60hrs) after sponge withdrawal. While estrous length was 37.09±1.91 (24–72hrs). All experimental animals followed up by abdominal palpation, ultrasonography at 30, 60 and 90 days post-insemination, while the laparoscopic examination was performed at day 30 post-insemination, to improve the efficiently of the different methods of inseminations in pregnancy rate ultrasonographical diagnosed by rectal and abdominal methods of 14 does post-inseminations appeared that two were pregnant, seven suspected and five non pregnant. At day 60th , post-insemination the pregnancy diagnosis of (22) does appeared that (14) were pregnant, six suspected and two non pregnant. While at day 90, the examination of all does appeared that (16) animals were pregnant and six were not. The laparoscopic examination, at 30 days post-insemination showed that eight does were pregnant, two suspected and two were not pregnant. In conclusion that the pregnancy rate of laparoscopic insemination is (75%), comparisons to natural (66.7%) and cervical AI method (75%) but there is no significant different between them, while the kidding percentage was appear in natural insemination (75%), cervical (100%) and laparoscopic insemination (150%). The results of this study indicate that estrus can be efficiently induced in female goats during non-breeding season using 20mg MPA impregnated spongewith 500IU PMSG.
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Mahmoudzadeh, A. R., M. Tarahomi, and H. Fotoohi. "Effect of abnormal vaginal discharge at oestrus on conception rate after artificial insemination in cows." Animal Science 72, no. 3 (June 2001): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052061.

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AbstractDuring a 2-year study from January 1997 to December 1999, the visual characteristics of the cervical mucous discharge of cows and heifers in oestrus and their relations to conception rate were studied in a large dairy herd of Holstein-Friesian cows. Cows were divided into two groups based on mucous discharge being of normal or abnormal appearance and the group with abnormal discharge was further divided into the following classes: cervical mucus with urine (CMU), cervical mucus with microbes (CMM), cervical mucus with blood (CMB) and a group with no cervical mucus (NCM). From 6169 cases of cows in oestrus, 82·2% had normal discharge, and the remaining 17·8% had abnormal discharge classifications (6·1% CMU, 5·1% CMM, 0·5% CMB and 6·1% NCM). Conception rate after artificial insemination (AI) in the normal group (38·3%) was significantly higher than that of the abnormal group (27·9%), (P < 0·05). When the conception rate of the normal group was compared with each one of the abnormal classifications, it was significantly different from that of CMU (26·5%), CMM (22·6%) and CMB (21·8%), (P < 0·05), but not from that of NCM (34·4%), (P > 0·05). From 1734 cases of heifers in oestrus, only 6% had abnormal discharges, and the conception rates of the normal and abnormal groups were not significantly different (P > 0·05).We conclude that AI of cows in oestrus discharging cervical mucus that is contaminated with urine, microbes or blood produces conception rates significantly lower than those of cows discharging a normal and clear mucus. Absence of a cervical mucous discharge at the time of AI of cows does not imply a low conception rate. In the case of heifers, appearance of cervical mucus had no effect on the conception rate after AI.
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Pau, Salvatore, Laura Falchi, Mauro Ledda, Ivo Pivato, Melosu Valentino, Luisa Bogliolo, Federica Ariu, and Maria Teresa Zedda. "Reproductive Performance Following Transcervical Insemination with Frozen Thawed Semen in Ewes Submitted to Surgical Incision of Cervical Folds (SICF): Comparison with Laparoscopic Artificial Insemination." Animals 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10010108.

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Transcervical artificial insemination (AI) after the surgical incision of cervical folds (SICF) could represent a valid alternative to laparoscopic AI when frozen thawed semen is used. The aim of this experiment was to compare pregnancy (PR) and lambing rates (LR) of ewes submitted either to transcervical AI after SICF or to laparoscopic AI using frozen thawed semen. Pregnant at term ewes (n = 80) were allocated in two experimental groups. After lambing, one group (n = 39) was submitted to SICF. The remaining ewes that were regularly lambed were allocated to the group of laparoscopic AI (n = 40). Six months later, oestrous cycle of both experimental groups was synchronised and all ewes were artificially inseminated with frozen thawed semen. Ewes submitted to SICF underwent transcervical insemination and intrauterine deposition of semen was recorded. The remaining animals were submitted to laparoscopic AI. Pregnancy and LR were recorded. Intrauterine deposition of semen was possible in 89.7% pf ewes submitted to SICF. This group showed similar PR and LR compared to the laparoscopic group (respectively: PR, 71.8% vs. 70% and LR, 64.1% vs. 65%; p > 0.05). Transcervical AI after SICF may represent a valid alternative to laparoscopy in AI protocols requiring the use of frozen thawed semen.
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Drh., M.Sc, Ginta Riady, Dian Mulfristia, Hendra Saputra, Cut Nila Thasmi, Hafizuddin Hafizuddin, Mudhita Zikkrullah Ritonga, and Rosmaidar Rosmaidar. "Determination of estrus duration based on cervical mucus characteristics in Aceh cattle using camera-equipped artificial insemination endoscope." Ovozoa : Journal of Animal Reproduction 11, no. 2 (August 17, 2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ovz.v11i2.2022.59-65.

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This study aimed to determine the length of the estrus period in Aceh cows based on changes in the characteristics of cervical mucus observed using a camera-equipped artificial insemination (AI) endoscope. This study used twelve healthy and reproductively sound cows aged 4-6 years. All cows were synchronized using prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injected intramuscularly twice, 11 days apart. Estrus detection was conducted 24 hours following the second injection of PGF2α three times daily for 30 minutes, respectively. Estrous cows were then subjected to the examination of their cervical mucus at 0, 6, 12, and 18 hours after the beginning of estrus. This study showed that out of 12 samples, only eight cows exhibited estrus signs. Characteristics of cervical mucus of cows at 0 and 6 hours of estrus were transparent. At 12 hours of estrus, five cows showed transparency, and the remaining three cows showed cloudy cervical mucus. Meanwhile, at 18 hours of estrus, all sampled cows showed cloudy cervical mucus then regarded as the end of the estrus. That means the estrus length of Aceh cows in this study was 15.75 ± 3.11 hours. It can be concluded that the determination of the duration of estrus in Aceh cows based on changes in the characteristics of the cervical mucus can be carried out using an AI endoscope with a camera. For further research, it is suggested to apply this estrus detection technique in the implementation of AI and determine the pregnancy rate.
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Khalid, M., W. Haresign, and D. G. Bradley. "Heart rate responses and plasma cortisol concentrations in ewes: comparison between cervical and laparoscopic intrauterine insemination and their associated handling procedures." Animal Science 66, no. 2 (April 1998): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800009516.

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AbstractThis study consisted of two experiments. In experiment 1, stress responses of sheep which were restrained either in a laparoscopy cradle or a roll-over cradle were compared. The results of this experiment indicated that restraint in roll-over cradle is less (P < 0·05) stressful than that in a laparoscopy cradle when assessed in terms of the elevation and duration of both the mean heart rate and plasma cortisol responses. Experiment 2 compared the stress responses of sheep subjected to restraint in a laparoscopy cradle, restraint in a laparoscopy cradle with intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) by laparoscopy, minimal restraint with cervical AI or restraint in a roll-over cradle plus foot-trimming. All treatments resulted in significant elevations in both heart rate and plasma cortisol concentrations (F < 0·001). The peak heart rate was significantly (P < 0·05) higher in ewes subjected to cervical AI than in those subjected to intrauterine insemination, with other treatments intermediate. The peak cortisol response did not differ among different treatments. The duration over which both the mean heart rate and -plasma cortisol concentrations remained significantly elevated above pre-treatment concentrations did not differ among treatment groups. The results of this study suggest that while restraint using a laparoscopy cradle is more stressful than that using a rollover cradle, the stress inflicted by intrauterine insemination by laparoscopy itself is no greater than that due to restraint using the laparoscopy cradle alone, cervical AI or the management practice offoot-trimming using a rollover cradle.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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Januskauskas, Aloyzas. "Assessment of viability and function of post-thaw spermatozoa from Swedish dairy AI bulls /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5435-2.pdf.

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Dorsey, Benjamin Reese. "Effect of Timing of Insemination and Synchronization of Estrus Method on Artificial Insemination (AI) Pregnancy Rates in Beef Heifers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42873.

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Objectives were to evaluate time of insemination relative to estrus and synchronization with melengestrol acetate (MGA) plus prostaglandin (PG) or progesterone insert (CIDR) plus PG on AI pregnancy rate in beef heifers (n = 662) during Fall or Spring. Fall heifers (n = 349) received MGA-PG (MGA for 14 d followed by PG on d 18) or CIDR-PG (CIDR for 7 d, PG administered 1 d before CIDR removal). Estrus was monitored by HeatWatch® (n = 200) or visually (n = 149). Spring heifers (n = 313) underwent CIDR-PG with detection of estrus by HeatWatch®. Heifers not in estrus by 96-100 h after PG were bred AI as non-responsive AI (NRAI). Across seasons, 548 heifers were bred following estrus (EAI). Heifers synchronized during the Fall with MGA received more (P < 0.05) mounts than Fall CIDR heifers (76.8 ± 6.7 and 47.6 ± 7.4, respectively), but duration of estrus was similar. Fall CIDR heifers had greater (P < 0.05) mounting activity and duration of estrus (47.9 ± 5.2 mounts and 15.5 ± 1.1 h) compared to Spring CIDR heifers (34.5 ± 3.1 mounts and 12.7 ± 0.6 h). Heifers grouped in 4 h blocks from 0 to 24 h had no difference (P > 0.05) in pregnancy rates (mean 62.5 %). Treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on EAI pregnancy rates. Pregnancy rates across seasons for EAI, NRAI and overall was 61.0 %, 26.3 %, and 54.5%. In conclusion, a 24 h window may exist to successfully AI heifers.
Master of Science
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Sbardella, Pedro Ernesto. "Inseminação artificial pós-cervical em primíparas suínas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/71572.

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Este estudo avaliou a performance reprodutiva de primíparas suínas submetidas à inseminação artificial pós-cervical (IAPC) comparada à inseminação artificial cervical (IAC). A dificuldade na introdução do cateter, ocorrência de sangue ou refluxo durante a inseminação e o volume e o total de células refluídas até 60 minutos após a inseminação também foram avaliados. As fêmeas foram homogeneamente distribuídas, de acordo com a perda de peso na lactação, duração da lactação, número de leitões desmamados, intervalo desmame-estro e nascidos totais no parto anterior, em dois tratamentos: IAPC (n=165) com 1,5 x 109 células espermáticas em 45 ml e IAC (n=165) com 3 x 109 células espermáticas em 90 ml. Foi realizada ultrassonografia transabdominal em tempo real no momento em que as fêmeas apresentaram estro e 24 horas após a última inseminação. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos na taxa de parto e no tamanho da leitegada (P > 0,05). O sucesso na passagem do cateter intra-uterino em todas as inseminações foi possível em 86,8% (165/190) das fêmeas inicialmente selecionadas para o tratamento IAPC. A dificuldade na introdução do cateter em pelo menos uma inseminação não afetou a performance reprodutiva das fêmeas do tratamento IAPC (P > 0,05). A ocorrência de sangramento durante a inseminação não afetou (P > 0,05) a taxa de parto em ambos os tratamentos, mas o tamanho da leitegada foi reduzido nos tratamentos IAC e IAPC (P ≤ 0,06). O percentual de espermatozoides presentes no refluxo foi maior no tratamento IAC que no IAPC (P < 0,01). Não foi observada diferença (P > 0,05) na taxa de parto e no tamanho da leitegada de acordo com o percentual de espermatozoides no refluxo (Baixo: ≤ 20% e Alto: >20%). É possível realizar a IAPC em primíparas suínas com doses contendo 1,5 x 109 células espermáticas sem causar prejuízos no desempenho reprodutivo.
The study evaluated the reproductive performance of primiparous sows submitted to post cervical insemination (PCAI) compared to cervical artificial insemination (CAI). Difficulty with catheter introduction, occurrence of bleeding or semen backflow during insemination, and volume and sperm cell backflow up to 60 min after insemination were also evaluated. Sows were homogenously distributed, according to body weight loss in lactation, lactation length, weaned piglets, weaning-to-estrus interval and total born in previous farrowing, in two treatments: PCAI (n= 165) with 1.5 x 109 sperm cells in 45 ml and CAI (n= 165) with 3 x 109 sperm cells in 90 ml. Transabdominal real time ultrasonography was performed at the moment of standing heat and 24 h after last insemination. There was no difference between treatments in farrowing rate and litter size (P > 0.05). Successful passage of the intrauterine catheter in all the inseminations was possible in 86.8% (165/190) of sows initially allocated to PCAI treatment. Difficulty of introducing the catheter in at least one insemination did not affect the reproductive performance of PCAI sows (P > 0.05). Bleeding during insemination did not affect (P > 0.05) the farrowing rate in both treatments, but litter size was reduced in CAI and PCAI sows (P ≤ 0.06). Percentage of spermatozoa present in backflow was greater in CAI than PCAI treatment (P < 0.01). No difference (P > 0.05) was observed in farrowing rate and litter size according to the percentage of spermatozoa in backflow (Low: ≤ 20%; High: > 20%). It’s possible to perform the PCAI in primiparous sows with doses containing 1,5 x 109 sperm cells without detrimental on reproductive performance.
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Ternus, Eduardo Miotto. "Performance reprodutiva de leitoas submetidas à inseminação artificial pós-cervical." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2016. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2544.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of gilts subjected to post-cervical artificial insemination (PCAI) compared to traditional artificial insemination (TAI). We also evaluated the degree of difficulty in bypassing the cervix, time required to perform the insemination, presence of bleeding after insemination, semen backflow, as well as the volume and the total reflow cells 30 minutes after insemination. Gilts submitted to PCAI (n = 279) were inseminated with 45 mL doses of 1.5 x 10⁹ sperm cells and the ones submitted to TAI (n = 273) were inseminated with 80 mL doses with 2.5 x 10⁹ cells. The bypassing of the cervix was possible in 91.04% (254/279) of gilts. The difficulty bypassing the cervix in at least one of the gilt’s PCAI procedures happened with 41.58% (116/279) of the females, but it did not affect reproductive performance (P>0.05). The presence of bleeding after insemination did not affect the farrowing rate and total number of piglets born for both treatments (P>0.05). The average time needed to carry out the PCAI was 1.47 minutes and the TAI was 4.04 minutes. The percentage of sperm present in the reflux was higher in TAI than the PCAI, but no correlation was found between litter size and the percentage of sperm in reflux (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in farrowing rate (89.38% and 91.76%) and the total number of piglets born (11.63 and 11.81) between TAI and PCAI treatments, respectively. Thus, it is possible to perform the post-cervical artificial insemination in gilts without causing a reduction in reproductive performance, using doses with a concentration of 1.5 x 10⁹ sperm cells
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de nulíparas submetidas à inseminação artificial pós-cervical (IAPC) comparada à inseminação artificial tradicional (IAT). Foram avaliados a ocorrência de sangramento, refluxo durante à inseminação, dificuldade no transpasse da cérvix, volume e o total de células refluídas até 30 minutos após a inseminação. As fêmeas submetidas à IAPC (n=279) foram inseminadas com doses na concentração de 1,5 x 109 diluídos em 45 mL e as fêmeas submetidas à IAT (n=273) foram inseminadas com doses na concentração de 2,5 x 109 diluídos em 80 mL. O transpasse da cérvix foi possível em 91,04% (254/279) das leitoas. A dificuldade no transpasse da cérvix, em pelo menos uma das inseminações, foi de 41,58% (116/279) e não comprometeu o desempenho reprodutivo (P>0,05). A presença de sangramento durante a inseminação não afetou a taxa de parto nem o número de leitões nascidos totais para ambos os tratamentos (P>0,05). O tempo médio necessário para a realização da IAPC foi de 1,47 minutos e a IAT foi de 4,04 minutos. O percentual de espermatozoides presentes no refluxo foi maior na IAT do que na IAPC, não sendo observada diferença no tamanho de leitegada de acordo com o percentual de espermatozoides no refluxo (P>0,05). Não houve diferença estatística (P>0,05) taxa de parto (89,38% e 91,76%) e no número de leitões nascidos totais (11,63 e 11,81) entre os tratamentos IAT e IAPC, respectivamente. Desta forma, podemos concluir que pode - se realizar a inseminação artificial pós-cervical em leitoas sem causar redução no desempenho reprodutivo, utilizando doses com concentração de 1,5 x 109 células espermáticas
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Sena, Ana Luísa Gonçalves de. "Condução da reprodução em suínos : análise zootécnica e estudo comparativo de técnicas de inseminação artificial." Master's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária. Instituto Superior de Agronomia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4077.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica / Produção Animal
Neste trabalho, pretendeu-se expor e caracterizar as performances reprodutivas e produtivas do efectivo de porcas de uma suinicultura industrial em ciclo fechado. Realizou-se igualmente um ensaio experimental comparativo de métodos de inseminação artificial. Neste ensaio foram avaliadas as diferenças no que diz respeito aos valores de fertilidade e prolificidade das porcas, cobertas por inseminação artificial cervical, inseminação pós-cervical com cateter de esponja e a inseminação artificial pós-cervical com cateter em espiral (kubus). Para tal utilizou-se um total de 123 porcas, distribuídas por 41 grupos de 3 porcas que foram inseminadas por um dos três métodos de inseminação em estudo. Na análise zootécnica das performances produtivas e reprodutivas das porcas, verificou-se que a época do ano (Verão, Outono, Inverno e Primavera) de cobrição das porcas não afectou os parâmetros reprodutivos e produtivos das porcas. Após a 3ª parição, verificou-se uma melhoria acentuada do intervalo entre partos, no intervalo desmame cobrição fecundante e na produtividade. No triénio 2008-2010 observou-se uma redução do intervalo desmame cobrição fecundante e do intervalo entre partos e do número de leitões por ninhada mas, a produtividade das porcas aumentou em cerca de 2 leitões/porca/ano. Os resultados do ensaio experimental mostraram que as diferentes técnicas de inseminação artificial das porcas não afectaram significativamente a sua fertilidade nem o número de leitões nascidos por ninhada.
ABSTRACT - Conduct of reproduction in pigs: zootechnical analysis and comparative study of artificial insemination techniques - The productive and reproductive performances of the sows in a farrowing to finish swine unit were characterised. Moreover an experimental study to compare three different methods of artificial insemination (AI) was performed. In this trial the fertility rate and the litter size of 123 sows (41 groups of 3 sows), fertilised by cervical AI or two post-cervical AI techniques (sponge or kubus catheter) were analysed. Results show that the matting season (summer, fall, winter, spring) have no significant effect on the productive and reproductive performances of the sows. After the 3rd farrowing, there was a significant decrease in the farrowing interval and in the weaning-conception period and an improvement in the number of piglets weaned per sow per year. During the years 2008-2010, despite a decrease in the number of piglets per litter, the productivity of the sows increased by 2 piglets/sow/year as a result of a decrease in the duration of the productivity cycle of the sows. Results of the experimental trial show that the different AI techniques have no significant effect in the fertility rate and in the number of piglets born per litter.
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Fontana, Diogo Luiz. "Inseminação artificial pós-cervical em tempo fixo em porcas recebendo pLH no início do estro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72057.

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Inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) associada à inseminação artificial pós-cervical (IAPC) permite uma maior utilização de machos geneticamente superiores e uma redução expressiva de mão de obra na produção de suínos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência da IATF de acordo com diferentes protocolos de (IA), usando pLH - hormônio luteinizante suíno - como indutor da ovulação. Um total de 597 matrizes desmamadas com detecção de estro realizada uma vez ao dia (08:00) foram alocados em três tratamentos: Controle (n = 199) - primeira inseminação realizada no início do estro (0 h) e repetida a cada 24 h, durante o estro; IATF1 (n = 199) - fêmeas receberam 5 mg (4 ml) i.m. de pLH no início do estro, e foram inseminadas 24 horas depois, e IATF2 (n = 199) – fêmeas receberam 5 mg de pLH mas foram inseminadas no início do estro (0 h) e 24 horas depois. Foram realizadas IAPC com doses homospérmicas (1,5 x 109 de espermatozoides totais/50 ml) em todos os tratamentos. O tratamento hormonal não afetou o intervalo do início do estro à ovulação (P> 0,05). O número de inseminações foi de 2,9, 1,0 e 2,0 para Controle, FTAI1 e FTAI2 respectivamente. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos para taxa de parto e leitões nascidos totais (P> 0,05). Leitões nascidos totais por dose inseminante foi diferente (P <0,0001) entre os tratamentos (4,5, 12,5 e 6,2 para Controle, FTAI1 e FTAI2 respectivamente). O uso de pLH no início do estro associado à uma única inseminação em tempo fixo IAPC 24 horas após, não comprometeu o desempenho reprodutivo de porcas multíparas.
Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) associated to post cervical artificial insemination (PCAI) allows a wider use of high indexed boars and an expressive reduction on labor requirements in swine production. The aim of this study was to evaluate FTAI efficiency according to different AI protocols, using pLH – porcine luteinizing hormone - as ovulation inductor. A total of 597 weaned sows whose estrus detection was performed once daily (08:00 am) were allocated into three treatments: Control (n= 199) – the first insemination was performed at estrus onset (0 h) and repeated every 24 h thereafter, during estrus; FTAI1 (n= 199) - sows received a 5 mg (4 ml) i.m. injection of pLH at estrus onset, and were inseminated 24 h after, and FTAI2 (n= 199) - sows received 5 mg of pLH but were inseminated at estrus onset (0 h) and 24 h after. PCAI with homospermic doses (1.5 x 109 total sperm cells/50 ml) were performed in all treatments. Hormonal treatment did not affect the interval onset of estrus to ovulation (P>0.05). The number of inseminations was 2.9, 1.0 and 2.0 for Control, FTAI1 and FTAI2 respectively. Treatments did not affect farrowing rate and total born (P>0.05). Total piglets born per insemination dose was different (P<0.0001) among treatments (4.5, 12.5 and 6.2 for Control, FTAI1 and FTAI2 respectively). The use of pLH at estrus onset associated to a single fixed-time PCAI 24 h after does not compromise the reproductive performance of multiparous sows.
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Sayre, Brian L. "Oxytocin-induced cervical dilation in sheep: mechanism of action and potential use for nonsurgical artificial insemination." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40251.

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Perry, Kim Laura. "Role of hyaluronan in cervical relaxation of the ewe." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558980.

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Tusell, Palomero Llibertat. "Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11842.

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Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits The general aim of this thesis has been to analyse sources of variation for some of the most important components of fertile artificial insemination (AI) dose production in order to explore the interest and limitations of different strategies for their genetic improvement in a paternal line of rabbits selected for growth rate. These components refer to seminal production and quality traits, being considered the male reproductive performance (fertility and prolificacy) as the final expression of the effect of the seminal characteristics and the effect of the interaction among them and with the female. Genetic analyses of the seminal traits involved in AI dose production and growth rate were modelled using threshold and linear multiple-trait mixed models. Relationship between fertility and pH of the semen was analysed either using mixed or recursive mixed models. Male and female genetic contributions to fertility were estimated using additive or product threshold models and both models were compared by its ability of predicting fertility data. Existence of genotype x artificial insemination conditions for male effect on fertility and prolificacy was estimated under a Character state model. Finally, the product threshold model was used for estimating separately the effect of the environmental temperature on male and on female contributions to fertility. All inferences of this thesis have been done under a Bayesian approach. Male libido and variables related to the quality of the ejaculate such as presence of urine and calcium carbonates in the ejaculate, individual sperm motility, semen pH and suitability for AI of the ejaculate (which involves the subjective combination of several semen quality traits) were found to be lowly heritable, but repeatable.
Tusell Palomero, L. (2011). Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/11842
Palancia
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Mellieon, Harold Irvin Jr. "Evaluation of the 5-day vs. 7-day Co-Synch + CIDR protocol in dairy heifers using timed AI." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/10749.

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Master of Science
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Our objectives were to determine: the effectiveness of upfront PGF2α injection to regress the corpus luteum; ovulation response to GnRH; and pregnancy outcomes. Dairy heifers (n = 545) from three locations (Florida, Kansas, and Mississippi) were assigned randomly to each of two treatments: 1) 25 mg of PGF2α injection and insertion of previously used autoclaved CIDR on d 7 followed by 100 µg of GnRH administered on d 5, and a 25 mg PGF2α injection at CIDR removal (7D) on d 0; 2) 100 µg of GnRH and insertion of previously used autoclaved CIDR on d 5 and 25 mg of PGF2α injection at CIDR removal (5D) on d 0. Artificial insemination (AI) occurred after detected estrus from d 0 to 3. Those heifers not detected in estrus were inseminated on d 3 and given a second 100 µg of GnRH. Blood collected on d 7 and 5 was assayed to determine concentrations of progesterone, presence of a CL (progesterone ≥1 ng/mL) on d 7, and whether luteolysis occurred in 7D heifers. Blood progesterone concentration from d 0 and 3 determined if luteolysis occurred in all heifers. Ovarian structure maps on d 5 and 0 were used to determine ovulation in response to GnRH on d 5. Pregnancy was determined on d 32 and 60 and intervening pregnancy loss was calculated. Of those heifers in the 7D treatment having progesterone ≥1 ng/mL on d 7, the proportion having progesterone <1 ng/mL 2 d later (luteolysis) was greater (P < 0.05) than that in the 5D treatment (43.0 vs. 22.9%, respectively). Total proportion of follicles that ovulated per heifer was numerically greater in the 7D treatment but only differed (P < 0.05) between locations. A treatment x location interaction was detected for pregnancy rates per AI. The Kansas location had no detectable treatment differences. In contrast, the 7D treatment produced greater (P < 0.05) pregnancy rates in the first replicate of the Florida location and at the Mississippi location. We concluded that the 5D protocol was not effective in producing acceptable luteolysis, pregnancy, and ovulation rates in comparison with the modified 7D protocol.
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Books on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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AI: The Alberta swine artificial insemination program handbook. Edmonton: Alberta Agriculture, 1990.

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Great Britain. Department of Health and Social Security. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and artificial insemination: Guidance for doctors and AI clinics. London: DHSS, 1986.

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Zhang, Bing Rong. Evaluation of frozen-thawed semen from Swedish red and white AI bulls: With special reference to the relation between zona pellucida binding, in vitro fertilization and in vivo fertility. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1998.

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Herman, Harry August. The artificial insemination and embryo transfer of dairy and beef cattle (including techniques for goats, sheep, horses, and swine): A handbook and laboratory manual for students, herd operators, and workers in the AI field. 7th ed. Danville, Ill: Interstate Printers & Publishers, 1987.

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AI/DNA: Artificial Insemination / Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Network Publications (Scotland), 1998.

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W, Almond Glen, and Cronje Ruth, eds. The Swine AI book: A field and laboratory technician's guide to artificial insemination in swine. [Raleigh, N.C.?: Morgan Morrow], 1994.

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W, Brender, Takefman J, and Boivin J, eds. Psychological evaluation of infertile couples participating in GIFT (Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer, AI (Artificial Insemination) and Ovulation Induction: Final report. Montréal, Québec: Sexuality and Reproductive Health Lab, Dept. of Psychology, Concordia University, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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Atigui, Moufida, and Mohamed Chniter. "Ovine Artificial Insemination in the Maghreb Region: Present Status and Future Prospects." In Sheep Farming - Herds Husbandry and Management System, Reproductive and Improving Animal Health [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100273.

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Artificial insemination (AI) plays a key role in the genetic improvement of farm animals. Although it is widely used for cattle in the Maghreb region, it is scarcely applied in sheep at farm level. This is not only due to low fertility and irregular results that range between 30 to less than 76% for both cervical AI with fresh semen and laparoscopic insemination with frozen semen in most of studied breeds and also because of low results related to conditioning of fresh, chilled and frozen rams′ semen. An appropriately literature analysis was conducted to highlight the importance of sheep breeding in the Maghreb region particularly in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia and to assess the efficiency of AI for Magrebin ovine breeds, the results related to different semen conditioning techniques and different AI procedures. The main factors affecting AI results are also presented. Finally, this chapter presents different strategies to improve AI efficiency at farm level in the future and the challenges to extrapolate experimental AI techniques to field conditions at a large scale.
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Kovacs, Gabor T., and Beverley Vollenhoven. "Cervical factor, unexplained subfertility and artificial insemination with husband sperm." In The Subfertility Handbook, 83–87. Cambridge University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511570278.007.

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Turic, Bojana, Xiaorong Sun, Jian Wang, and Baochang Pang. "The Role of AI in Cervical Cancer Screening." In Cervical Cancer - A Global Public Health Treatise [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98348.

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In the last few years internet-based technologies played an important role in reinventing various medical procedures and facilitating quick access to medical services and care, particularly in the remote areas of China. The use of artificial intelligence and cloud computing in clinical laboratory setting for slide analysis contributed to standardized cytology and pathology diagnosis but more importantly slide analysis with artificial intelligence has a huge potential to compensate for a country wide lack of pathologists and systematic quality control. While well-established automated slide scanning is already in use, we added intelligent algorithms located in a secure cloud for the better slide readings, and mobile phone microscopes to capture those regions of Hubei province where laboratory infrastructure is supported by high-speed internet and 5G networks. These technological advances allowed us to bring an important pathology expertise across the large areas of China.
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Zoccolaro, Leticia, Fabio Morato, Rubens Paes de Arruda, and Eneiva Carla Carvalho Celeghini. "The Importance of Semen Quality in AI Programs and Advances in Laboratory Analyses for Semen Characteristics Assessment." In Success in Artificial Insemination - Quality of Semen and Diagnostics Employed. InTech, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52022.

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Gregore Ciornei, Ștefan. "Embryo Transfer." In Veterinary Medicine and Science. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99683.

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Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have made tremendous advances, in last years. Artificial insemination is a method for achieving slow genetic progress in populations of animals. Many large and small ruminants are bred by AI, and more than a half million embryos are transferred every year around the world. Most of the ruminants sires used for artificial insemination were derived from embryo transfer. Improvements of reproductive biotechnologies of controlling the estrous cycle and ovulation have resulted in more effective programs for AI, superovulation of donor, and the management of ET. In the ruminants, ET procedure is a timely alternative that can allow good conception rates to be obtained constant in a year. There have been great advances of this biotechnique with on aimed to intensify the genetic progress between generations of farm. The gains is possible with the development of advanced reproductive biotechnique. The best current strategy in applying biotechnology to farmers is to use AI with sexed semen, so farmers will enjoy and benefit. The use of ET together with cryopreserved sexed embryos has a very specific potential for donor replacement and genetic improvement of the herd. In this chapter, procedures of the MOET protocol were described step by step.
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Uçar, Ömer. "Recent Approaches in Intrauterine Insemination in Livestock." In Advances in Assisted Reproduction Technologies, 125–42. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815051667122050007.

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In the present chapter, the recent studies on artificial insemination (AI) of livestock (large and small) animals via the intrauterine route are summarized. For this, intrauterine inseminations especially in cattle, horse, camel, buffalo, sheep, goat, dog, and cat species will be considered in detail. Brief data on inseminations in other species (pig, turkey, hen, honeybees, silkworm) is also given. Once semen sample is collected from sexually mature and clinically healthy breeding male animals, it has to be kept alive (mainly by dilution and cooling) first and then used either immediately (fresh) or stored (chilled/frozen) until being used in oestrous females. During insertion of the semen (particularly stored ones), it is necessary to place the inseminate in the vicinity of the ovum (Graafian follicle) as close as possible. Hence, fertility results of insemination are always higher when semen is deposited intrauterine. However, this is not as easy as we would expect, due mainly to the anatomical structure of females (cat, dog, sheep, and hen) or viability of semen (fish and camel). To overcome this female- or male-originated limiting factors of fertility, various novel approaches have been reported towards acceptable rates of fertility outcome. Hence, these recent insemination techniques are outlined herein.
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Pinto-Correia, Clara. "Fertility Rites." In Fear, Wonder, and Science in the New Age of Reproductive Biotechnology, 61–80. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231170949.003.0004.

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From royal families, to farm animals, to the general public, artificial insemination AI has had many guises. One of these is sperm banking, where people can pay to be inseminated with sperm from men having the traits they desire. But it does not always happen that one gets what one pays for. In vitro fertilization, the other widespread reproductive technology, offers hope, the source of both blessings and curses, to many infertile couples.
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Nwoga, Cornelius, Nnanna Ikeh, Matthew Onodugo, Paul Baiyeri, and Ndubuisi Machebe. "Assisted Reproductive Technologies as Veritable Tools for Improving Production Efficiencies of N’dama and Muturu Cattle Breeds in Nigeria-A Review." In Bovine Science - Challenges and Advances. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100066.

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Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) that have come to stay and are still being improved upon in developed countries are still in their infancy stage in developing countries like Nigeria. Nigeria’s cattle population is estimated to be around 18.4 million. The number is far insufficient to meet the country’s demand for meat, milk, and other cow products, let alone contribute to GDP. N’dama and Muturu are both Nigerian breeds that are resistant to trypanosomosis. They are humpless longhorn and humpless shorthorn types of beef cattle. The dairy and beef cow industries’ inadequate adoption of ART is partly to blame for Nigeria’s low cattle output. Sex determination, multiple-ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), oestrus synchronization, artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), cloning, and genetic engineering are all examples of assisted reproductive technologies. It has been reported in humans, rodents and domestic animals, abnormal fetuses, newborns and adult offspring arise from ART. Improper matching of breeding animals mostly leads to overfat calves. This review centers on the applications and potentials of ART in the production of trypanotolerant N’dama and Muturu cattle breeds. Some unorthodox medicines which have proven effective in human reproduction can circumvent the shortfalls in the adoption of ART.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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Romadhonny, Randy Anwar, Agustinus Bimo Gumelar, Tresna Maulana Fahrudin, Wahyu Putra Adi Setiawan, Febri Dwi Cahaya Putra, Rizky Davit Nugroho, and Jauhara Rana Budiani. "Estrous Cycle Prediction of Dairy Cows for Planned Artificial Insemination (AI) Using Multiple Logistic Regression." In 2019 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication (iSemantic). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isemantic.2019.8884272.

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Suteky, Tatik, and Dwatmadji. "Factors Affecting Adoption of Beef Cattle Artificial Insemination (AI) in Smallholder Farmer in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.032.

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Reports on the topic "Cervical artificial insemination (AI)"

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Fitzgerald, Robert F., Gordon F. Jones, and Kenneth J. Stalder. A Comparison of Intrauterine and Cervical Artificial Insemination Catheters on Farrowing Rate and Litter Size in Artificially Mated Sows. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-676.

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