Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cerevisaie

Academic literature on the topic 'Cerevisaie'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cerevisaie"

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Utama, Cahya Setya, Bambang Sulistiyanto, and Bhakti Etza Setiani. "Profil Mikrobiologis Pollard yang Difermentasi dengan Ekstrak Limbah Pasar Sayur pada Lama Peram yang Berbeda." Jurnal Agripet 13, no. 2 (October 1, 2013): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v13i2.816.

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Profile microbiological of pollard fermented with extract of waste vegetable market in different long ripened ABSTRACT. The purpose of fermentation is to produce a product (material feed) that have nutritional content, texture and better biological availability, while it also can reduce the anti-nutritional. Microorganisms are often used as probiotics in feed is kind of Lactobacillus sp and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microorganisms are able to produce secondary metabolites such as β -glucan, mannan oligosaccharides and anti-cancer. Very familier as probiotic Lactobacillus among humans or livestock , while saccharomyces cerevisiae have specific characteristics in animal feed because of its ability to produce glutamic acid which can increase feed palatability. Grant Saccharomyces cerevisie can enhance digest protein and fiber, such as cellulose and hemicellulose , with Sacaromyces cerevisiea supplementation can increase the rate of short-chain fatty acids in cecum and suppresses the growth of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae species. Observing the above, needed an activity to find additional engineering efforts antibiotics as a source of natural probiotic , prebiotic and synbiotic on the particular poultry and livestock in general, to take advantage of the waste as a probiotic supplement that naturally produced feed additives to support healthy organic livestock production and economically.
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Marinov, Luka, Ana Jeromel, Ivana Tomaz, Darko Preiner, and Ana Marija Jagatić Korenika. "Učinak sekvencijalne fermentacije s kvascima Lachancea thermotelerans i Torulaspora delbrueckii na kemijski sastav vina ´Malvazija istarska´." Glasnik zaštite bilja 44, no. 4 (July 12, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/gzb.44.4.8.

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Suočavajući se sa sve drastičnijim utjecajem klimatskih čimbenika na kemijski sastav grožđa, enologija traži i proučava nove metode u tehnologiji proizvodnje vina, posebice bijelih, kako bi se očuvale primarne arome te postigla ravnoteža između alkoholne jakosti i ukupne kiselosti. Kao jedno od rješenja nudi se primjena ne- Saccharomyces kvasaca. U ovom istraživanju analiziran je utjecaj sekvencijalne inokulacije komercijalnih sojeva Torulospora delbrueckii i Lachancea thermotolerans sa sojem kvasca Saccharomycem cerevisiae na vino ´Malvazija istarska´. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo inokulacije mošta s ne-Saccharomyces kvascima, a 48 h kasnije i sa sojem S. cerevisae te kontrolnu varijantu isključivo sa S. cerevisae. Ne-Saccharomyces kvasci utjecali su značajno na koncentraciju alkohola, mliječne kiseline te pH vrijednost. Fermentacija sa S. cerevisiae utjecala je na višu koncentraciju ukupnih aromatskih spojeva u vinu. Intenziteti boje i mirisa najbolje su ocijenjeni u kontrolnom uzorku, a metodom redoslijeda najbolje je rangirana ´Malvazija´ iz tretmana T. delbrueckii/ S. cerevisiae.
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BARBULESCU, Iuliana Diana, Corina DUMITRACHE, Camelia Filofteia DIGUTA, Mihaela BEGEA, Petruta Mihaela MATEI, Mihai FRINCU, Simona Ioana MARCULESCU, et al. "EVOLUTION AT THE MICROFERMENTER LEVEL OF THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae AND Starmella bacillaris YEASTS WITH POTENTIAL FOR USE IN WINEMAKING AT THE PIETROASA WINERY." AgroLife Scientific Journal 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17930/agl202221.

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The grape surface hosts a complex community of yeast Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation in wine industry. The yeast strains used for this study were isolated from ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape varieties from Pietroasa vineyard, and the isolates were identified through a molecular method. Identification of yeast strains through the BLASTn analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region revealed that PFE5 strain showed the best sequence match to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (98% similarity) and PFE15 strain to Starmerella bacillaris (99.78% similarity), respectively. In this first micro-pilot study, the differences between Sacharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in batch (for Starmella bacillaris) and fed-batch fermentation system (for S. cerevisae) and how these regimes influence the culture growth were assessed. The applied fed-batch process was capable for producing two times more S. cerevisae yeast biomass than Starmella bacillaris through a batch process. In addition, the yield of S. cerevisiae converting the substrate into biomass was 42.3%, almost double compared to the yield of Starmella bacillaris. Moreover, the cell wet weight (WCW) for S. cerevisae was 32.5 g/L and for Starmella bacillaris 15.35 g/L, respectively. Both yeast biomass will be used at Pietroasa winery for inoculation separately or mixed as co-culture for ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape juice.
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Malianti, Lezita, and Nova Lestari. "KANDUNGAN NUTRISI LIMBAH BIJI DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr) YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN RAGI TAPE (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) DAN RAGI TEMPE (Rhizopus oligosporus)." Jurnal Inspirasi Peternakan 1, no. 2 (July 25, 2021): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36085/jinak.v1i2.1826.

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 Pemanfaatan limbah yang belum mempunyai nilai ekonomis, berlimpah dan mengandung gizi relatif baik bahkan dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan adalah tindakan bijaksana.  Biji durian adalah salah satu limbah yang cenderung meresahkan masyarakat disaat musim buah durian. Namun pemanfaatannya sebagai sumber pakan masih sangat terbatas. Hal ini disebabkan rendahnya kualitas gizi biji durian merupakan faktor pembatas dalam pemanfaatanya sebagai pakan ternak. biji durian harus diolah terlebih dahulu agar nilai gizinya meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fermentasi dengan beberapa level Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Rhizopus oligosporus terhadap peningkatan kualitas nutrisi tepung biji durian.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Februari-November 2018 di Desa Sri Kuncoro Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, analisa Proksimat dilakukan di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Bahan Makanan Ternak Universitas Bengkulu serta analisa Asam Amino dilakukan Laboratorium Terpadu Institut Pertanian Bogor. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.  Steel dan Torrie (1991), dengan perlakuan yang diujikan sebagai berikut : F0 (kontrol) = Tepung Biji Durian Kukus; FS 0,5 = Fermentasi dengan  0,5 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae; FS 0,75 = Fermentasi dengan  0,75 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae; FR 0,5 = Fermentasi dengan  0,5 % Rhizopus oligosporus; FR 0,75  = Fermentasi dengan  0,75 % Rhizopus oligosporus. parameter yang diamati adalah asam amino, protein kasar, kadar air, bahan kering, bahan organik, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan abu tepung biji durian yang difermentasi dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Rhizopus oligosporus pada lama penyimpanan 48 jam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan fermentasi tepung limbah biji durian dengan ragi tape (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dan ragi tempe (Rhizopus oligosporus) tidak mengganggu kandungan nutrisi hanya terjadi penurunan pada nilai serat kasar. Hasil terbaik yang menunjukkan perubahan nilai nutrisi yaitu pada perlakuan dengan menggunakan ragi tape 0,75% mengacu pada kemampuan menguraikan serat kasar. Kata Kunci : Limbah Biji Durian, Fermentasi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oligosporus,
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Pejin, Dusanka, Irena Dosanovic, Stevan Popov, Zvonimir Suturovic, Jovana Rankovic, Sinisa Dodic, Jelena Dodic, and Vesna Vucurovic. "Influence of dough freezing on Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 113 (2007): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn0713293p.

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The need to freeze dough is increasing in bakery production. Frozen dough can be stored for a long time without quality change. The capacity of bakery production can be increased in this way, and in the same time, the night shifts can be decreased. Yeast cells can be damaged by freezing process resulting in poor technological quality of dough after defrostation (longer fermentation of dough). The influence of frozen storage time of dough on survival percentage of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. Dough samples were taken after 1, 7, 14 and 28 days of frozen storage at -20?C. After defrosting, at room temperature, samples were taken from the surface and the middle part of dough (under aseptic conditions), and the percentage of living S. cerevisiae cells was determined. During frozen storage of dough, the number of living S. cerevisiae decreased. After 28 days of frozen storage, the percentage of live cells on the surface and inside the dough was 53,1% and 54,95%, respectively. The addition of k-carragenan to dough increased the percentage of living cells in the middle part of dough up to 64,63%. Pure cultures, isolated from survived S. cerevisia cells in frozen dough by agar plates method (Koch's method), were multiplied in optimal liquid medium for yeasts. The content of cytochromes in S. cerevisiae cells was determined by spectrophotometric method. The obtained results showed that the content of cytochromes in survived S. cerevisiae cells was not affected by dough freezing process. Growth rate and fermentative activity (Einchor's method) were determined in multiplied cells.
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Suprayogi, Wara Pratitis Sabar. "INKORPORASI SULFUR DALAM PROTEIN ONGGOK MELALUI TEKNOLOGI FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 25, no. 1 (November 3, 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v25i1.15530.

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<p>This research was conducted to determine the influence of incubation time and dose of sulphur in organik fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This resech was in vitro at Laboratory Animal Nitrition. Departement Animal of Science, Agriculture Fakulty, Sebelas Maret University. This research was condukted for 3 month. The material were used cassava fermented with fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae. And and the treatment of dose sulphur at 0 and 1500 mg/kg of substrate (water content 60%), time incubatin 2, 3 and 4 day. The result of experiment were analysed using completely randomozed design faktorial 2x3 and each treatment is repeated 3 time. The results of variance analysis showed that cassava fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisia with 3 day incubation time and addition of sulfur 1500 mg/kg can increase organic matter and protein content of biomassa fermentation significantly (p&lt;0,05)but the level of crude fiber showed non significanly effects.</p>
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Chen, Xiaodie, Man Lin, Lujun Hu, Teng Xu, Dake Xiong, Li Li, and Zhifeng Zhao. "Research on the Effect of Simultaneous and Sequential Fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum on Antioxidant Activity and Flavor of Apple Cider." Fermentation 9, no. 2 (January 23, 2023): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9020102.

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The study examined the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum together with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on cider quality through simultaneous and sequential inoculation strategies to evoke malolactic fermentation. The antioxidant activities and flavor compound profiles of apple ciders fermented with mixed cultures of commercial wine yeast (S. cerevisia SY) and autochthonous bacteria (L. plantarum SCFF107 and L. plantarum SCFF200) were assessed. The antioxidant ability results indicated that apple ciders fermented with the simultaneous inoculation method had a higher DPPH radical scavenging rate and total antioxidant capacity, especially for SIL107 cider (simultaneous inoculation with S. cerevisiae SY and L. plantarum SCFF107), which exhibited the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (78.14% ± 0.78%) and the highest total antioxidant ability (255.92 ± 7.68 mmol/L). The results showed that ciders produced by mixed inoculation with L. plantarum improved flavor because of their higher contents of volatiles such as esters and higher alcohols and higher contents of non-volatile compounds like organic acids and polyphenols in comparison with the single culture of S. cerevisiae, especially for the simultaneous inoculation method. In addition, irrespective of the inoculation mode, compared to the single culture of cider, L-malic acid degraded dramatically in the presence of L. plantarum during alcoholic fermentation, accompanied by increases in lactic acid. What is more, sensory evaluation results demonstrated that ciders produced by mixed cultures gained higher scores than ciders fermented by the single culture of S. cerevisiae, especially in the simultaneous inoculation mode, in terms of the floral, fruity, and overall acceptability of the cider. Therefore, our results indicated that simultaneous inoculation with L. plantarum was found to compensate for some enological shortages of single S. cerevisiae fermented ciders, which could be a potential strategy to enhance the quality of cider products.
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Romanovich, M. M., B. M. Kurtyak, O. N. Broda, and I. A. Matyukha. "ІНТЕНСИВНІСТЬ ПРОЦЕСІВ ПОЛ У КУРЧАТ–БРОЙЛЕРІВ ЗА НА ТЛІ ВАКЦИНАЦІЇ ПРОТИ ХВОРОБИ ГАМБОРО ТА ЗА ДІЇ ДРІЖДЖІВ SACCHAROMICES CEREVISIAE І ПРОБІОТИКА БПС–44." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 18, no. 3(71) (October 14, 2016): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7118.

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The paper studies the influence of feeding broiler chickens in the composition of animal feed preparation BPS–44 and various doses of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in terms of vaccination against Gumboro disease.The study was conducted on four groups of chickens at 100 birds each. The control group of chickens fed a standard feed (SC) and a 15–day–old vipoyuvaly vaccine against Gumboro disease (Gumbokal IM Forte SPF). The first experimental group of birds, in addition to the UK received – probiotic BPS–44 (based on Bacillus subtilis strain 44) in an amount of 0.21 g / kg, the second research group – 1% of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The third research group of chickens – 2% of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For studies using the blood that was taken from the chickens after decapitation at different ages: 11–, 27–, 34– and 41–day–old.It was stated a higher content of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma of broilers in the 27–, 34– and 41–day–old, compared with 11–day, which indicates an increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and indicates their dependence on age and poultry immunization period . Feeding broiler chickens in the composition of feed yeast Saccharomuces cerevisie and probiotic BPS–44 causes an inhibitory effect on the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in their body, namely a reduction (p <0,01 – 0,001) content of lipid hydroperoxide and TBA–active products can be detoxication properties associated with study drugs.
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NURHAYATI, Nurhayati, Berliana Berliana, and Nelwida Nelwida. "Efisiensi Protein Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Ampas Tahu Fermentasi dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Protein Efficiency of Broiler Chicken Fed fermented Waste Tofu with Saccharomyces cerevisiae)." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 22, no. 2 (December 16, 2019): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v22i2.6725.

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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi penggunaan protein pada ayam broiler yang diberi pakan mengandung ampas tahu hasil fermentasi menggunakan Saccaromyces cerevisae. Ampas tahu difermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae sebanyak 2 % dengan lama waktu fermentasi 72 jam. Setelah dipanen dianalisa kandungan nutrisinya dan diberikan pada ayam broiler sebanyak 200 ekor selama 5 minggu pemeliharaan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuannya yaitu P0= Pakan komersil (kontrol), P1 = Pakan komersil + 10 % ampas tahu fermentasi, P2 = Pakan komersil + 20% ampas tahu fermentasi, P3 = Pakan komersil + 30% ampas tahu dan P4 = Pakan komersil + 40% ampas tahu fermentasi. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, konsumsi protein, dan efisiensi penggunaan protein. Data yang diperoleh di analisis ragam dan pengaruh perlakuan terhadap peubah yang diamati diuji dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ampas tahu hasil fermentasi dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiae sampai level 20% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0.05) dengan kontrol, tetapi semakin tinggi penggunaannya (>20%) dalam pakan nyata (P<0.05) menurunkan konsumsi pakan, konsumsi proein. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan ampas tahu fermentasi dalam pakan broiler dapat digunakan sampai 20% untuk memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan protein.
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Türkel, Sezai, Özgür Bayram, and Elif Arık. "Glucose Signaling Pathway and Growth Conditions Regulate Gene Expression in Retrotransposon Ty2." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 64, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2009): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2009-7-811.

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Gene expression in the yeast retrotransposon Ty2 is regulated at transcriptional and translational levels. In this study, we have shown that the transcription of Ty2 is partially dependent on the membrane-bound glucose sensors Gpr1p and Mth1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transcription of Ty2 decreased approx. 3-fold in the gpr1, mth1 yeast mutant. Moreover, our results revealed that the transcription of Ty2 fluctuates during the growth stages of S. cerevisae. Both transcription and the frameshift rate of Ty2 rapidly dropped when the stationary stage yeast cells were inoculated into fresh medium. There was an instant activation of Ty2 transcription and a high level expression during the entire logarithmic stage of yeast growth. However, the transcription of Ty2 decreased 2-fold when the yeast cultures entered the stationary stage. The frameshift rate in Ty2 also varied depending on the growth conditions. The highest frameshift level was observed during the mid-logarithmic stage. It decreased up to 2-fold during the stationary stage. Furthermore, we have found that the frameshift rate of Ty2 diminished at least 5-fold in slowly growing yeasts. These results indicate that the transcription and the frameshift efficiency are coordinately regulated in the retrotransposon Ty2 depending on the growth conditions of S. cerevisiae.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cerevisaie"

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Gamonet, Franck. "Biosynthèse de la lysine chez la levure Saccharomyces Cerevisiae : rôle(s) des gènes LYS7 et LYS4." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28536.

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Cadière, Axelle. "Ingénierie de la voie des pentoses phosphate chez la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae : applications en œnologie." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0009.

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Il existe un intérêt croissant pour le développement de levures S. cerevisiae œnologiques à rendement abaissé de conversion des sucres en alcool. Nous proposons ici une approche originale basée sur la réorientation du flux carboné vers la voie des pentoses phosphate (VPP). Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré que le flux à travers la VPP est limité par le niveau de réoxydation du NADPH et par la capacité de la voie elle même. Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence le rôle crucial du facteur de transcription Stb5 dans le maintien d'un flux basal à travers la VPP. La surexpression de STB5, couplée à l'introduction d'un système de réoxydation du NADPH, est une stratégie intéressante pour amplifier le flux à travers la VPP. En parallèle, une stratégie d'évolution dirigée basée sur l'adaptation des souches sur gluconate, un hexose mal assimilé et incorporé au niveau de la VPP, a été développée. Des souches évoluées présentant une meilleure assimilation du gluconate ont été obtenues après 70, 180 et 240 générations. En fermentation, ces souches produisent la même quantité d'éthanol que la souche parentale mais présentent des phénotypes complètement nouveaux, en particulier des performances fermentaires accrues, de faibles besoins en azote, une production d'acétate réduite et une forte production de composés aromatiques. L'analyse 13C-flux et transcriptomique d'une souche évoluée ECA5 révèle une amplification de la VPP d'un facteur 1.5 par rapport à la souche parentale EC1118, en lien avec la surexpression de GND1 et TKL1. L'expression de nombreux gènes du métabolisme azoté et de la voie Ehrlich, de l'homéostasie des protons et de la glycolyse est augmentée chez ECA5, alors que les gènes de stress et de la respiration sont globalement réprimés, de façon cohérente avec les phénotypes observés. Outre le développement de nouvelles souches d'intérêt œnologique, ce travail apporte un éclairage nouveau sur le fonctionnement de la VPP et sur ses liens avec le métabolisme central et secondaire
There is an ever-growing interest in the development of S. cerevisiae wine yeast strains with reduced ethanol yield. We proposed a novel approach based on rerouting the carbon flux towards the pentose phosphate (PP) pathway. First, we showed that the flux through the PP pathway is limited both by the absence of a mechanism for reoxidation of NADPH and by the intrinsic capacity of the pathway. We also showed that the transcription factor Stb5 plays a key role in maintaining a basal flux through the PP pathway to meet the requirements for NADPH and biosynthetic precursors. Over-expression of STB5 is a potentially useful strategy for increasing the flux through the PP pathway, provided that an alternative system of reoxidation of NADPH is expressed. In parallel, we investigated an evolutionary engineering strategy based on long-term batch culture on gluconate, a substrate poorly assimilated by S. cerevisiae cells and metabolized by the PP pathway. We selected strains that had evolved a greater gluconate consumption capacity after 70, 180 and 240 generations. During wine fermentation, these evolved strains produced similar amounts of ethanol as the parental strain but displayed completely novel phenotypes, including higher fermentation rates, lower nitrogen requirements, lower levels of acetate production, and enhanced production of aroma compounds. 13C flux analysis and transcripomic analysis of one of these strains, ECA5, showed a greater flux through the PP pathway consistent with the observed increased expression of GND1 and TKL1. The expression of genes associated with nitrogen metabolism, the Ehrlich pathway, proton homeostasis and glycolysis was stronger than in the parental strain, whereas genes involved in stress response and respiration were down-regulated, in agreement with the phenotypes of ECA5. In addition to providing strains with considerable potential for wine making, this work sheds new light on the operation of PP pathway and its links with central and secondary metabolism
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Luz, Juliana Silva da. "Análise estrutural e funcional de cofatores do exossomo em Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Pyrococcus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-29092006-124545/.

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A síntese ribossomal é uma das maiores atividades em células eucarióticas. Este processo inicia-se no nucléolo e é finalizado após a exportação das subunidades 40S e 60S para o citoplasma. Três dos RNAs ribossomais de eucariotos (18S, 5.8S e 25S) são sintetizados como um transcrito primário de 35S, o qual é processado através de uma complexa e ordenada série de modificações nucleotídicas e clivagens endo e exonucleolíticas. Estas reações dependem de aproximadamente 170 proteínas, 80 small nucleolar RNAs e de seqüências no pré-rRNA. Os fatores trans-atuantes envolvidos no processamento podem ser agrupados como RNA-helicases, endonucleases, snoRNPs (small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complexes) e exonucleases, que incluem o complexo exossomo. O exossomo de levedura é formado por 10 proteínas essenciais que atuam na maturação de rRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs, além da degradação de mRNAs incorretamente processados. A estrutura do exossomo de archaea foi descrita recentemente, mas ainda não existem muitas informações sobre a regulação deste complexo e sobre a participação de cofatores que interagem de forma transiente com o exossomo. Diante disso, este trabalho visou a caracterização funcional das proteínas que formam o anel de RNases PH em Saccharomyces cerevisiae, assim como a caracterização estrutural e funcional de possíveis cofatores do exossomo de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Nop17p e Ylr022p, e do exossomo de Pyrococcus, Pab418p, Pab1135p e aNip7p. Os dados obtidos evidenciam que a atividade exonucleolítica do exossomo de levedura, assim como o de archaea, é dependente da formação de heterodímeros; Ylr022p, uma proteína de levedura com função não caracterizada, liga inespecificamente RNA in vitro, mas mais eficientemente alguns RNAs in vivo. Dentre as proteínas de archaea, Pab418p e aNip7p também ligam RNA, e como demonstrado aqui, aNip7p influencia significativamente a atividade do exossomo de archaea.
The synthesis of ribosomes is one of the major metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells. This process starts in the nucleolus and ends with the export and final maturation of the ribosomal subunits 40S and 60S in the cytoplasm. Three eukaryotic ribosomal RNAs (18S, 5.8S and 25S) are synthesized as a 35S primary transcript (35S pre-rRNA), which is then processed by a complex and ordered series of nucleotide modifications and endo- and exonucleolytic cleavage reactions. These processing reactions depend on 170 proteins, 80 small nucleolar RNAs and specific pre-rRNA sequences. The trans-acting factors, that take part in the processing can be grouped as RNA-helicases, endonucleases, snoRNPs (small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complexes) and exonucleases, including the exosome. The yeast exosome is composed of 10 essential proteins that function in the processing of rRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs and in the degradation of aberrant mRNAs. Recently, the archaeal exosome structure was determined, but no information is yet available on the regulation of the exosome function or on the possible role of the cofactors that transiently interact with it. The main goals of this work were the functional characterization of the protein components of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae exosome RNase PH ring, as well as the structural and functional characterization of the possible cofactors of that complex, Nop17p and Ylr022p. Since the recent characterization of the Pyrococcus exosome, the study of the archaeal exosome cofactors, Pab418p, Pab1135p and aNip7p, was also included in this work, in order to correlate the data on the complex of these different organisms. Our results show that the exonucleolytic activity of the yeast exosome is dependent on the heterodimers formation, as described for archaea. Although it is not clear how Nip7p affects the exosome function in yeast, aNip7p binds RNA and inhibits a-exosome activity in vitro. Yeast Ylr022p binds RNA inespecificaly in vitro, but coprecipitates specific RNAs more efficiently from total cell extracts. Its archaeal orthologue, Pab418p, also binds RNA, but does not affect significantly a-exosome function.
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Ericson, Elke. "High-resolution phenomics to decode : yeast stress physiology /." Göteborg : Göteborg University, Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0707/2006436807.html.

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Eriksson, Peter. "Identification of the two GPD isogenes of saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterization of their response to hyper-osmotic stress." Göteborg : Chalmers Reproservice, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38202006.html.

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Pratt, Elizabeth Stratton. "Genetic and biochemical studies of Adr6, a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10288.

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Kerkmann, Katja. "Die genomweite Expressionsanalyse von Deletionsmutanten der Gene NHP6A/B und CDC73 in der Hefe S.cerevisiae." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961961651.

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Bellahn, Inga. "Biochemische Charakterisierung vakuolärer Vesikel aus Saccharomyces cerevisiae." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965643484.

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Jestel, Anja. "Strukturelle Charakterisierung des Calpastatin und Untersuchung eines ATP-abhängigen Peptidtransports in S. cerevisiae." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966507193.

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Anderlund, Mikael. "Redox balancing in recombinant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Lund : University of Lund, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=uc5qAAAAMAAJ.

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Books on the topic "Cerevisaie"

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Mojzita, Dominik. Thiamine-related regulation of metabolism and gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Göteborg: Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Göteborg University, 2007.

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Pettersson, Nina. Functional analysis of aquaporins Saccharomyces cerevisae. Göteborg: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Göteborg University, 2005.

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Hendrickx, B. Genotoxicity of R7000 in S. Cerevisae. Bruxelles: Institut d'Hygiene et d'Epidemiologie, Ministere de la Sante Publique et de l'Environnement, 1987.

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Pettersson, Nina. Functional analysis of aquaporins Saccharomyces cerevisae. Göteborg: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Göteborg University, 2005.

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Smart, Christopher Andrew. Biotransformations of ketoximes by saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 1765. [s.l.]: typescript, 1995.

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Chan, Helen G. Y. The Effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 1997.

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Hill, James. Genetic manipulation and biochemical studies of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. [s.l.]: typescript, 1991.

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Заенфелд, Г. К. Иммунологический механизм действия полисахаридов дрожжевых клеток Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Рига: Зинатне, 1990.

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Richard, Dickinson J., and Schweizer Michael 1947-, eds. The metabolism and molecular physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. London: Taylor & Francis, 1999.

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Genetische Kontrolle der Flockulation unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Hefe Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Berlin: J. Cramer, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cerevisaie"

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Friedberg, Errol C., William J. Feaver, Wenya Huang, Michael S. Reagan, Simon H. Reed, Zhaoyang You, Shuguang Wei, Karl Rodriguez, Jose Talamantez, and Alan E. Tomkinson. "Saccharomyces Cerevisiae." In Advances in DNA Damage and Repair, 111–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4865-2_10.

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Posteraro, Brunella, Gianluigi Quaranta, Patrizia Posteraro, and Maurizio Sanguinetti. "509Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 509–18. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, [2019] | Series: Food microbiology series | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22030-48.

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Dannenmaier, Stefan, Silke Oeljeklaus, and Bettina Warscheid. "2nSILAC for Quantitative of Prototrophic Baker’s Yeast." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 253–70. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1024-4_18.

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AbstractStable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry is a quantitative strategy for the comparative analysis of (sub)proteomes. It is based on the metabolicincorporation of stable isotope-coded amino acids during growth of cells or organisms. Here, complete labeling of proteins with the amino acid(s) selected for incorporation needs to be guaranteed to enable accurate quantification on a proteomic scale. Wild-type strains of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), which is a widely accepted and well-studied eukaryotic model organism, are generally able to synthesize all amino acids on their own (i.e., prototrophic). To render them amenable to SILAC, auxotrophies are introduced by genetic manipulations. We addressed this limitation by developing a generic strategy for complete “native” labeling of prototrophic S. cerevisiae with isotope-coded arginine and lysine, referred to as “2nSILAC”. It allows for directly using and screening several genome-wide yeast mutant collections that are easily accessible to the scientific community for functional proteomic studies but are based on prototrophic variants of S. cerevisiae.
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van Roy, Frans, Volker Nimmrich, Anton Bespalov, Achim Möller, Hiromitsu Hara, Jacob P. Turowec, Nicole A. St. Denis, et al. "Cdc7 (S. cerevisiae)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 373. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_100228.

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Katoh, Masaru, Giorgio Berton, Anna Baruzzi, Jennifer Boylston, Charles Brenner, Yong-Hun Lee, William Schiemann, et al. "Fus3 (Saccaromyces cerevisiae)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 681. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_100487.

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Gonçalves, João, Helena Soares, Norman L. Eberhardt, Sarah C. R. Lummis, David R. Soto-Pantoja, David D. Roberts, Umadas Maitra, et al. "TEC1 (S. cerevisiae)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1841. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101339.

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Hooykaas, Paul J. J., Amke Dulk-Ras, Paul Bundock, Jalal Soltani, Haico Attikum, and G. Paul H. Heusden. "Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)." In Agrobacterium Protocols Volume 2, 465–73. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-131-2:465.

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Michel, Agnès H., and Benoît Kornmann. "SAturated Transposon Analysis in Yeast (SATAY) for Deep Functional Mapping of Yeast Genomes." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 349–79. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2257-5_20.

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AbstractGenome-wide transposon mutagenesis followed by deep sequencing allows the genome-wide mapping of growth-affecting loci in a straightforward and time-efficient way.SAturated Transposon Analysis in Yeast (SATAY) takes advantage of a modified maize transposon that is highly mobilizable in S. cerevisiae. SATAY allows not only the genome-wide mapping of genes required for growth in select conditions (such as genetic interactions or drug sensitivity/resistance), but also of protein sub-domains, as well as the creation of gain- and separation-of-function alleles. From strain preparation to the mapping of sequencing reads, we detail all the steps for the making and analysis of SATAY libraries in any S. cerevisiae lab, requiring only ordinary equipment and access to a Next-Gen sequencing platform.
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Wang, Xinping, Yinglin Bai, Li Ni, and Henry Weiner. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aldehyde Dehydrogenases." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 277–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5871-2_32.

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Meilhoc, E., and J. Teissie. "Electrotransformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 187–93. New York, NY: Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9740-4_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cerevisaie"

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Takemoto, Ayumi, Asuka Oda, Masayoshi Iwahara, and Shigeru Itoh. "On Sterilization Using the Underwater Shock Wave Under Non-Heating Environment." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93443.

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The establishment of the sterilization technology in non-heating environment is requested in the food industry and a lot of other fields. The existing sterilization technology using the high pressure is mainly liberating rapid pressure and a lot of loadings. In this research, the sterilization by a high pressure was tried by using the underwater shock wave caused by explosive. The detonating fuse was detonated with the percussion cap, and the shock wave was generated. Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used. The underwater shock wave barely causes heat. An excellent bactericidal effect of 100% was obtained in the maximum in the experiment that used S. cerevisiae.
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Silva, Luana Caroline Domingos Da, and Vivianne Lúcia Bormann De Souza. "EFEITO DA RADIAÇÃO IONIZANTE EM SOLUÇÕES CONTENDO SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/conbiotec/16.

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Introdução: A busca por potencializar atividades biológicas com tecnologias diversas tem sido bastante aplicada, incluindo o uso de radiações, que de acordo com a dose empregada influencia na propriedade antimicrobiana. O microrganismo Saccharomyces cerevisiae é aeróbio facultativo, isto é, tem a habilidade de se ajustar metabolicamente, tanto em condições de aerobiose como de anaerobiose. E, sabe-se que a irradiação é capaz de causar danos ao DNA da célula, e alterações em seus produtos finais, que podem ser positivas no sentido de produzir substâncias biologicamente ativas, ou substâncias prejudiciais à saúde humana, com isso é importante averiguar os produtos finais produzidos após a irradiação da Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Objetivo: Analisar estudos recentes e métodos utilizados relacionados a Saccharomyces cerevisiae e a irradiação. Metodologia: A estratégia deste tratou-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura desenvolvida com o propósito de contribuir para o conhecimento, desenvolvido em cinco etapas: busca da literatura, extração de dados, avaliação dos estudos encontrados, análise e síntese dos resultados. Para condução do estudo, a pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de maio a junho de 2021, nas bases de dados: Scielo, Brazilian Journal of Development e a Revista Brasileira de Produtos Agroindustriais. Teve como critério de inclusão os artigos relacionados a radiação ionizante e o microrganismo cerevisiae, referente aos últimos 10 anos de publicação e os critérios de exclusão foram produções científicas em formato de tese, dissertação e estudo do caso. Resultados: Foram analisados 3 trabalhos, e cada um desses mostra que a irradiação no microrganismo com a radiação gama, alteração de temperatura e agitação, além da ação da luz branca e a luz UV com doses médias e altas são eficazes na eliminação de microrganismos. Conclusão: Em alguns experimentos realizados pela nossa equipe já se identifica que a radiação reduzia a quantidade de microrganismos, e esses resultados corroboram com os 3 trabalhos analisados. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a radiação pode eliminar microrganismos e age também de forma a torna-lo estático, entretanto ainda estão sendo realizados novos experimentos para verificar possíveis mudanças causadas no microrganismo.
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Heath, Allison P., Lydia Kavraki, and Gabor Balazsi. "Bipolarity of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Genome." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2008.84.

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Gabrovšek, Ana, Nika Tašler, Rigoberto Barrios-Francisco, and Marko Jeran. "Impact of a Saccharin Higher Homolog on Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d15.

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Saccharin is an organic compound, which is often used as a calorie-free artificial sweetener. It salts are being produced for the market for over 80 years. Saccharin and its derivates are very applicatory oriented, therefore researchers synthesize more and more active ingredients, which could potentially show better performance. This work considers the effect of biological activity of a newly synthesized saccharin derivative Me- thyl 4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylate (6Sac) on yeast Saccharomyces cere-visiae. Qualitative comparison of the studied activity with the activity of the saccharine sodium salt is presented. Our results were gained by two different ways of viability detection: counting dead/live cells dyed with methylene blue and counting colony-forming units (CFU). The study has shown that the saccharine derivative with an ester functional group has negative effect on growth and repro-duction of yeast. The qualitative comparison of the activity of the tested substance with the already known activity of saccharine sodium salt is a convenient method for following the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Keywords: Saccharin, sodium saccharinate, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Viability, Methylene blue, Col-ony-forming units (CFU), Medicine
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"INFERRING MOBILE ELEMENTS IN S. CEREVISIAE STRAINS." In International Conference on Bioinformatics Models, Methods and Algorithms. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003137001310136.

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Yang, Yueying, Di Liu, and Jun Meng. "Module of cellular networks in saccharomyces cerevisiae." In 2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isb.2012.6314133.

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Ragothaman Avanasi Narasimhan, Ganti S Murthy, and Christopher Beatty. "Hemicellulose fermentation by industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29920.

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Борисенко, О. А. "Влияние холодного охмеления на дрожжи Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In Наука России: Цели и задачи. НИЦ "LJournal", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-06-2021-39.

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В представленной работе исследуется влияние холодного охмеления на физиологическое состояние дрожжей. В процессе исследований проводились модельные опыты по холодному охмелению при температуре 5°С и 20°С с применением хмеля Магнум и Тетнангер и двух рас пивоваренных дрожжей Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Rh – низового брожения и Nottingham (Nt) – верхового брожения. Показано, что условия холодного охмеления одинаково воздействуют на дрожжи низового и верхового брожения с точки зрения влияния на физиологическое состояние и критическое влияние на процесс оказывает температура. Выявлено положительное влияние пониженных температур на жизнедеятельность дрожжей и их физиологическое состояние.
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Natara Kitamura, Taisa, Paulo José Samenho Moran, Lucidio Cristovão Fardelone, and José Augusto Rosário Rodrigues. "Bioreduction of beta-Ketophosphonates by Sacharomyces cerevisiae." In XXIV Congresso de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP - 2016. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2016-50948.

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Fung, Tracy H., Gregory I. Ball, Sarah C. McQuaide, Shih-Hui Chao, Alejandro Coleman-Lerner, Mark R. Holl, and Deirdre R. Meldrum. "Microprinting of On-Chip Cultures: Patterning of Yeast Cell Microarrays Using Concanavalin-A Adhesion." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60866.

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Microprinting has been demonstrated effective in the patterning of surface regions for trapping cells used within microfluidic devices. In this study a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone elastomer stamp was microfabricated and used to microstamp concanavalin-A (con-A; protein that binds to yeast) on a glass surface. Yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were brought into contact with patterned con-A producing an array of yeast microscale culture in an ordered array identical to the printed pattern.
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Reports on the topic "Cerevisaie"

1

DeLoache, William, Zachary Russ, Jennifer Samson, and John Dueber. Repurposing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae peroxisome for compartmentalizing multi-enzyme pathways. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1394729.

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Campbell, Chelsea, Cullen Horstmann, Kyoungtae Kim, and Alan Kennedy. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Budding Yeast); Standard Operating Procedure Series : Toxicology (T). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/33688.

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Turner, Joshua, Lizabeth Thomas, and Sarah Kennedy. Structural Analysis of a New Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase Homology Model and Identification of Potential Inhibitor Enzyme Docking Sites. Journal of Young Investigators, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.38.4.27-33.

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Alexandar, Irina, Diana Zasheva, and Nikolay Kaloyanov. Antimicrobial Activity of New Molecular Complexes of 1,10‑Phenanthroline and 5‑Amino‑1,10‑Phenanthroline on Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.01.10.

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Zhao, Chun. Suppressors (scsl-scs7) of CSG2, a Gene Required by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Growth in Media Containing 10 mMCa(2+), Identify Genes Required for Sphingolipid Biosynthesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1011395.

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Luther, Jamie, Holly Goodson, and Clint Arnett. Development of a genetic memory platform for detection of metals in water : use of mRNA and protein destabilization elements as a means to control autoinduction from the CUP1 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/27275.

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Droby, Samir, Joseph W. Eckert, Shulamit Manulis, and Rajesh K. Mehra. Ecology, Population Dynamics and Genetic Diversity of Epiphytic Yeast Antagonists of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568777.bard.

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One of the emerging technologies is the use of microbial agents for the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. A number of antagonistic microorganisms have been discovered which have the potential to effectively control postharvest diseases. Some of this technology has been patented and commercial products such as AspireTM (Ecogen Corporatin, Langhorne, PA, USA), Biosave 10TM and Biosave 11TM (Ecoscience Inc., Worchester, MA, USA) have been registered for commercial use. The principal investigator of this project was involved in developing the yeast-based biofungicide-AspireTM and testing its efficacy under commercial conditions. This research project was initiated to fill the gap between the knowledge available on development and commercial implementation of yeast biocontrol agents and basic understanding of various aspects related to introducing yeast antagonists to fruit surfaces, along with verification of population genetics. The main objectives of this study were: Study ecology, population dynamics and genetic diversity of the yeast antagonists Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, and Debaryomyces hansenii, and study the effect of preharvest application of the yeast antagonist C. oleophila naturally occurring epiphytic microbial population and on the development of postharvest diseases of citrus fruit during storage. Our findings, which were detailed in several publications, have shown that an epiphytic yeast population of grapefruit able to grow under high osmotic conditions and a wide range of temperatures was isolated and characterized for its biocontrol activity against green mold decay caused by Penicillium digitatum. Techniques based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-PCR), as well as homologies between sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8S gene, were used to characterize the composition of the yeast population and to determine the genetic relationship among predominant yeast species. Epiphytic yeasts exhibiting the highest biocontrol activity against P. digitatum on grapefruit were identified as Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, C. sake, and Debaryomyces hansenii, while C. guilliermondii was the most predominant species. RAPD and ap-PCR analysis of the osmotolerant yeast population showed two different, major groups. The sequences of the ITS regions and the 5.8S gene of the yeast isolates, previously identified as belonging to different species, were found to be identical. Following the need to develop a genetically marked strain of the yeast C. oleophila, to be used in population dynamics studies, a transformation system for the yeast was developed. Histidine auxotrophy of C. oloephila produced using ethyl methanesulfonate were transformed with plasmids containing HIS3, HIS4 and HIS5 genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In one mutant histidin auxotrophy was complemented by the HIS5 gene of S. cerevisiae is functionally homologous to the HIS5 gene in V. oleophila. Southern blot analysis showed that the plasmid containing the S. cerevisiae HIS5 gene was integrated at a different location every C. oleophila HIS+ transformant. There were no detectable physiological differences between C. oleophila strain I-182 and the transformants. The biological control ability of C. oleophila was not affected by the transformation. A genetically marked (with b-glucuronidase gene) transformant of C. oleophila colonized wounds on orange fruits and its population increased under field conditions. Effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on population dynamics of epiphytic microbial population on wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface in the orchard and after harvest was also studied. In addition, the effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on the development of postharvest decay was evaluated. Population studies conducted in the orchard showed that in control, non-treated fruit, colonization of wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface by naturally occurring filamentous fungi did not vary throughout the incubation period on the tree. On the other hand, colonization of intact and wounded fruit surface by naturally occurring yeasts was different. Yeasts colonized wounded surface rapidly and increased in numbers to about two orders of magnitude as compared to unwounded surface. On fruit treated with the yeast and kept on the tree, a different picture of fungal and yeast population had emerged. The detected fungal population on the yeast-treated intact surface was dramatically reduced and in treated wounds no fungi was detected. Yeast population on intact surface was relatively high immediately after the application of AspireTM and decreased to than 70% of that detected initially. In wounds, yeast population increased from 2.5 x 104 to about 4x106 after 72 hours of incubation at 20oC. Results of tests conducted to evaluate the effect of preharvest application of AspireTM on the development of postharvest decay indicated the validity of the approach.
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Shapira, Roni, Judith Grizzle, Nachman Paster, Mark Pines, and Chamindrani Mendis-Handagama. Novel Approach to Mycotoxin Detoxification in Farm Animals Using Probiotics Added to Feed Stuffs. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592115.bard.

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T-2 toxin, a toxic product belongs to the trichothecene mycotoxins, attracts major interest because of its severe detrimental effects on the health of human and farm animals. The occurrence of trichothecenes contamination is global and they are very resistant to physical or chemical detoxification techniques. Trichothecenes are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood stream. The hypothesis of this project was to develop a protecting system using probiotic bacteria that will express trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) that convert T-2 to a less toxic intermediate to reduce ingested levels in-situ. The major obstacle that we had faced during the project is the absence of stable and efficient expression vectors in probiotics. Most of the project period was invested to screen and isolate strong promoter to express high amounts of the detoxify enzyme on one hand and to stabilize the expression vector on the other hand. In order to estimate the detoxification capacity of the isolated promoters we had developed two very sensitive bioassays.The first system was based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Human liver cells proliferation was used as the second bioassay system.Using both systems we were able to prove actual detoxification on living cells by probiotic bacteria expressing Tri101. The first step was the isolation of already discovered strong promoters from lactic acid bacteria, cloning them downstream the Tri101 gene and transformed vectors to E. coli, a lactic acid bacteria strain Lactococcuslactis MG1363, and a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei. All plasmid constructs transformed to L. casei were unstable. The promoter designated lacA found to be the most efficient in reducing T-2 from the growth media of E. coli and L. lactis. A prompter library was generated from L. casei in order to isolate authentic probiotic promoters. Seven promoters were isolated, cloned downstream Tri101, transformed to bacteria and their detoxification capability was compared. One of those prompters, designated P201 showed a relatively high efficiency in detoxification. Sequence analysis of the promoter region of P201 and another promoter, P41, revealed the consensus region recognized by the sigma factor. We further attempted to isolate an inducible, strong promoter by comparing the protein profiles of L. casei grown in the presence of 0.3% bile salt (mimicking intestine conditions). Six spots that were consistently overexpressed in the presence of bile salts were isolated and identified. Their promoter reigns are now under investigation and characterization.
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Zhou, Ting, Roni Shapira, Peter Pauls, Nachman Paster, and Mark Pines. Biological Detoxification of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON) to Improve Safety of Animal Feed and Food. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7613885.bard.

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Abstract:
The trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin), one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants of grains, is produced by members of the Fusarium genus. DON poses a health risk to consumers and impairs livestock performance because it causes feed refusal, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hemolytic effects and cellular injury. The occurrence of trichothecenes contamination is global and they are very resistant to physical or chemical detoxification techniques. Trichothecenes are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood stream. The overall objective of this project was to develop a protecting system using probiotic bacteria that will express trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) that convert T-2 to a less toxic intermediate to reduce ingested levels in-situ. The major obstacle that we had faced during the project is the absence of stable and efficient expression vectors in probiotics. Most of the project period was invested to screen and isolate strong promoter to express high amounts of the detoxify enzyme on one hand and to stabilize the expression vector on the other hand. In order to estimate the detoxification capacity of the isolated promoters we had developed two very sensitive bioassays.The first system was based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Human liver cells proliferation was used as the second bioassay system.Using both systems we were able to prove actual detoxification on living cells by probiotic bacteria expressing Tri101. The first step was the isolation of already discovered strong promoters from lactic acid bacteria, cloning them downstream the Tri101 gene and transformed vectors to E. coli, a lactic acid bacteria strain Lactococcuslactis MG1363, and a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei. All plasmid constructs transformed to L. casei were unstable. The promoter designated lacA found to be the most efficient in reducing T-2 from the growth media of E. coli and L. lactis. A prompter library was generated from L. casei in order to isolate authentic probiotic promoters. Seven promoters were isolated, cloned downstream Tri101, transformed to bacteria and their detoxification capability was compared. One of those prompters, designated P201 showed a relatively high efficiency in detoxification. Sequence analysis of the promoter region of P201 and another promoter, P41, revealed the consensus region recognized by the sigma factor. We further attempted to isolate an inducible, strong promoter by comparing the protein profiles of L. casei grown in the presence of 0.3% bile salt (mimicking intestine conditions). Six spots that were consistently overexpressed in the presence of bile salts were isolated and identified. Their promoter reigns are now under investigation and characterization.
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10

Irudayaraj, Joseph, Ze'ev Schmilovitch, Amos Mizrach, Giora Kritzman, and Chitrita DebRoy. Rapid detection of food borne pathogens and non-pathogens in fresh produce using FT-IRS and raman spectroscopy. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7587221.bard.

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Rapid detection of pathogens and hazardous elements in fresh fruits and vegetables after harvest requires the use of advanced sensor technology at each step in the farm-to-consumer or farm-to-processing sequence. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the complementary Raman spectroscopy, an advanced optical technique based on light scattering will be investigated for rapid and on-site assessment of produce safety. Paving the way toward the development of this innovative methodology, specific original objectives were to (1) identify and distinguish different serotypes of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Bacillus cereus by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, (2) develop spectroscopic fingerprint patterns and detection methodology for fungi such as Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Fusarium, and Penicillium (3) to validate a universal spectroscopic procedure to detect foodborne pathogens and non-pathogens in food systems. The original objectives proposed were very ambitious hence modifications were necessary to fit with the funding. Elaborate experiments were conducted for sensitivity, additionally, testing a wide range of pathogens (more than selected list proposed) was also necessary to demonstrate the robustness of the instruments, most crucially, algorithms for differentiating a specific organism of interest in mixed cultures was conceptualized and validated, and finally neural network and chemometric models were tested on a variety of applications. Food systems tested were apple juice and buffer systems. Pathogens tested include Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitis, Shigella boydii, Staphylococus aureus, Serratiamarcescens, Pseudomonas vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae, Hafniaalvei, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, E. coli (O103, O55, O121, O30 and O26), Aspergillus niger (NRRL 326) and Fusarium verticilliodes (NRRL 13586), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 24859), Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 11443), Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora and Clavibacter michiganense. Sensitivity of the FTIR detection was 103CFU/ml and a clear differentiation was obtained between the different organisms both at the species as well as at the strain level for the tested pathogens. A very crucial step in the direction of analyzing mixed cultures was taken. The vector based algorithm was able to identify a target pathogen of interest in a mixture of up to three organisms. Efforts will be made to extend this to 10-12 key pathogens. The experience gained was very helpful in laying the foundations for extracting the true fingerprint of a specific pathogen irrespective of the background substrate. This is very crucial especially when experimenting with solid samples as well as complex food matrices. Spectroscopic techniques, especially FTIR and Raman methods are being pursued by agencies such as DARPA and Department of Defense to combat homeland security. Through the BARD US-3296-02 feasibility grant, the foundations for detection, sample handling, and the needed algorithms and models were developed. Successive efforts will be made in transferring the methodology to fruit surfaces and to other complex food matrices which can be accomplished with creative sampling methods and experimentation. Even a marginal success in this direction will result in a very significant breakthrough because FTIR and Raman methods, in spite of their limitations are still one of most rapid and nondestructive methods available. Continued interest and efforts in improving the components as well as the refinement of the procedures is bound to result in a significant breakthrough in sensor technology for food safety and biosecurity.
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