Academic literature on the topic 'Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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De La Mata, Nicole Louise, Maria Alfaro-Ramirez, Patrick J. Kelly, Philip Masson, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, and Angela C. Webster. "Absolute risk and risk factors for stroke mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD): population-based cohort study using data linkage." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e026263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026263.
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IntroductionPeople with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have up to 30-fold higher risk of stroke than the general population.ObjectiveTo determine risk factors associated with stroke death in the ESKD population.MethodsWe identified all patients with incident ESKD in Australia (1980–2013) and New Zealand (1988–2012) from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) registry. We ascertained underlying cause of death from data linkage with national death registries and risk factors from ANZDATA. Using a competing risks multivariable regression model, we estimated cumulative incidence of stroke and non-stroke deaths, and risk factors for stroke deaths (adjusted sub-HR, SHR).ResultsWe included 60 823 people with ESKD. There were 941 stroke deaths and 33 377 non-stroke deaths during 381 874 person-years of follow-up. Overall, the cumulative incidence of stroke death was 0.9% and non-stroke death was 36.8% 5 years after starting ESKD treatment. The risk of stroke death was higher at older ages (SHR 1.92, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.55), in females (SHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.64), in people with cerebrovascular disease (SHR 2.39, 95% CI 1.99 to 2.87), with ESKD caused by hypertensive/renovascular disease (SHR 1.39, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.78) or polycystic kidney disease (SHR 1.38, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.90), with earlier year of ESKD treatment initiation (SHR 1.93, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.39) and receiving dialysis (transplant vs haemodialysis SHR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.84).ConclusionPatients with ESKD with higher risk of stroke death are older, women, with cerebrovascular disease, with hypertensive/renovascular or polycystic kidney disease cause of ESKD, with earlier year of ESKD treatment and receiving dialysis. These groups may benefit from targeted stroke prevention interventions.
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Georgieva, Dobrinka, Dobrinka Kalpachka, and Rossen Kalpachki. "Stroke and aphasia rehabilitation: A comparison of international guidelines." Logopedia Silesiana, no. 9 (December 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/logopediasilesiana.2020.09.19.
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Cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, Bulgaria leads most countries in its incidence of stroke. Furthermore, a substantial number of Bulgarian patients post-stroke present with persisting communication disorders, especially aphasia. The main purpose of the present study is to conduct an evidence-based theoretical review of leading international guidelines for treatment and rehabilitation of adult stroke patients. In particular, this theoretical overview compares the current Bulgarian guidelines with those developed by the United States of America, Europe, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. The Bulgarian guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases strongly recommends pharmacological treatment, which is commensurate with international standards. Nationally, a range of different language tests are currently used in post-stroke aphasia.
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Donnelly, Kerry. "What's Etiology Got to Do With It?" Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 12, no. 1 (January 2006): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561770621021x.
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Cerebrovascular Disease, Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. John O'Brien, David Ames, Lars Gustafson, Marshal Folstein, and Edmond Chiu (Eds.). 2004. London: Martin Dunitz, 406 pp., $79.95 (HB).Cerebrovascular Disease, Cognitive Impairment and Dementiais the second edition ofCerebrovascular Disease and Dementia(2000). The new edition is over 160 pages longer than the earlier version, with several new chapters devoted to the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease [including provocative chapters on neurotransmitter changes in vascular dementia (VaD), the contributions of homocysteine and low vitamin B to VaD, and a good overview of hereditary forms of VaD], vascular mild cognitive impairment, noncognitive symptoms, and an expanded discussion of prevention and treatment. It is written for both clinical and scientific audiences. As in the first edition, there is a laudable comparative emphasis, with epidemiologic studies of vascular dementia in Europe, North America, Japan, and China. Indeed, the editors hail from the U.K, Australia, Sweden, and the U.S, and this affords the volume a useful global perspective. With five editors and 22 additional contributors, however, this book suffers a bit from the “too many cooks” syndrome. There is a good bit of redundancy. After the fifth or sixth description of classification criteria for vascular dementia, the reader begins to feel on the receiving end of some repetitive rehearsal therapy for her own dementia.
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Lazzarini, Peter A., Sheree E. Hurn, Suzanne S. Kuys, Maarten C. Kamp, Vanessa Ng, Courtney Thomas, Scott Jen, et al. "Foot Complications in a Representative Australian Inpatient Population." Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4138095.
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We investigated the prevalence and factors independently associated with foot complications in a representative inpatient population (adults admitted for any reason with and without diabetes). We analysed data from the Foot disease in inpatients study, a sample of 733 representative inpatients. Previous amputation, previous foot ulceration, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), peripheral neuropathy (PN), and foot deformity were the foot complications assessed. Sociodemographic, medical, and foot treatment history were collected. Overall, 46.0% had a foot complication with 23.9% having multiple; those with diabetes had higher prevalence of foot complications than those without diabetes (p<0.01). Previous amputation (4.1%) was independently associated with previous foot ulceration, foot deformity, cerebrovascular accident, and past surgeon treatment (p<0.01). Previous foot ulceration (9.8%) was associated with PN, PAD, past podiatry, and past nurse treatment (p<0.02). PAD (21.0%) was associated with older age, males, indigenous people, cancer, PN, and past surgeon treatment (p<0.02). PN (22.0%) was associated with older age, diabetes, mobility impairment, and PAD (p<0.05). Foot deformity (22.4%) was associated with older age, mobility impairment, past podiatry treatment, and PN (p<0.01). Nearly half of all inpatients had a foot complication. Those with foot complications were older, male, indigenous, had diabetes, cerebrovascular accident, mobility impairment, and other foot complications or past foot treatment.
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Sin Chin, Kai, Nawaf Yassi, Zina Hijazi, Victor Villemagne, Christopher Rowe, Colin L. Masters, and Rosie Watson. "316 - Lewy Body Study: An Australian longitudinal biomarker study of dementia with Lewy bodies." International Psychogeriatrics 32, S1 (October 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610220002161.
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Background:Cerebral multi-morbidity is common in older people with dementia, including people with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We describe the first Australian-based, longitudinal observational biomarker study of DLB.Aims:To investigate the frequency and influence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology (amyloid-β and tau) and cerebrovascular disease on clinical symptoms and disease outcome in DLB.Methods:The study will recruit 100 people with mild to moderate probable DLB, who will undergo comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments. Scales targeting DLB-specific clinical features (such as cognitive fluctuations and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder) are administered. Biomarker protocols incorporate blood sampling (including ApoE genotyping and systemic inflammatory markers), molecular imaging (amyloid-β [18F-NAV 4694], tau [18F-MK6240], VMAT2 [18F-AV133] PET scans), 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging and optional lumbar puncture. Clinical assessments are completed 6 - monthly and imaging 18-monthly. Participants are also invited to register for post-mortem brain tissue donation.Results:Thirty participants with probable DLB have been enrolled to date (mean age 75.4 years, range 64-82; 87% male). All participants have mild to moderate cognitive impairment (mean MMSE 25, range 17-30). Approximately 64% of the participants were amyloid-β positive. Study procedure tolerability has been excellent with no adverse events reported.Conclusions:There is significant overlap of AD-related proteinopathies in people with DLB. Understanding the impact of multi-morbidity is essential in the development of effective treatment strategies. This study supports the feasibility of intensive, longitudinal biomarker studies in DLB in the Australian setting.
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Doerfler, Arnd, Wolfgang Becker, Isabel Wanke, Sophia Goericke, and Michael Forsting. "Endovascular treatment of cerebrovascular disease." Current Opinion in Neurology 17, no. 4 (August 2004): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wco.0000137541.37480.96.
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Orito, Kimihiko, Masaru Hirohata, Yukihiko Nakamura, Yuusuke Uchiyama, Toshi Abe, and Motohiro Morioka. "7. Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 71, no. 6 (2015): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2015_jsrt_71.6.542.
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Hsu, Danny, Ibrahim Tohidi-Esfahani, Christina Brown, Scott Dunkley, Stephen Robert Larsen, Phoebe Joy Ho, Harry Iland, John Gibson, and Douglas E. Joshua. "Safety and Efficacy of CEEP (Cyclophosphamide, Epirubicin, Etoposide, Prednisolone) with or without Rituximab in Elderly Patients (>70) with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBL): A Retrospective Single Center Experience." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4957.4957.
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Abstract Abstract 4957 Background Over 40% of patients with the most common lymphoid malignancy worldwide, DLBL, are over the age of 70. Although R-CHOP is inarguably the mainstay of therapy for DLBL patients, a significant number of elderly patients do not tolerate the regimen due to underlying frailty and/or co-morbidities. Most elderly patients with significant co-morbidities have limited treatment options and are not offered anthracycline-containing chemotherapy due to concerns regarding toxicity. Here we describe our single center experience with CEEP, a lower intensity regimen for elderly patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed DLBL whom are deemed inappropriate for CHOP-based chemotherapy. Method All patients >70 years old (median 78.5, range 71 – 85) with histologically proven DLBL treated with CEEP ± Rituximab (R) at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital from 2000 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Modified CEEP, Cyclophosphamide 300mg/m2 Day 1 (D1) and D15, Epirubicin 50mg/m2 D1 and D15, Etoposide 100mg/m2 D1 and D15, and Prednisolone 50mg D1-D5 (reduced dose from original CEEP protocol) was administered every 2 weeks. Rituximab 375mg/m2 (when approved for use in Australia) was administered every 28 days. As per institutional protocol, all patients received Bactrim prophylaxis for Pneumocystis. Baseline characteristics, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Revised International Prognostic Index (RIPI), the number of CEEP cycles, treatment response and toxicity from treatment were identified and reviewed. Results A total of 22 patients were identified, 10 were male. 15 received CEEP as initial therapy, and 7 for relapsed disease. 23% (n=5) had an ECOG score ≥ 2. 55% (n=12) had RIPI ≥ 3. All patients had a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 2, with 23% (n=5) ≥ 5, which was considered sufficient to preclude conventional CHOP-based chemotherapy. Median cardiac ejection fraction was 62% (range 55 – 85%). 73% (n=16) received Rituximab and 50% (n=11) received primary GCSF prophylaxis. The median number of CEEP ± R cycles was 6 (range 2 – 9 cycles). 5% (n=1) required dose reduction and 9% (n=2) required delays in treatment due to haematological toxicity. Median follow-up was 10.0 months (range 1 – 92.7 months). At completion of therapy, complete responses (CR) were demonstrated in 10 patients (45%), with partial responses (PR) seen in 32% (n=7). 18% (n=4) demonstrated progressive disease (PD) despite therapy. Of the 7 patients with relapsed disease prior to CEEP ± R, CR was seen in 2 cases, both of whom had previous exposure to R-CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone) chemotherapy. At most recent follow up, 32% (n=7) have remained in CR with a median follow up period of 28.1 months (range 13 – 92.7 months), 36% (n=8) had disease progression, 9% (n=2) demonstrated stable residual disease, while 23% (n=5) have died. Of the 5 deaths, 3 were attributed to progressive DLBL. The other deaths were a result of complications following further salvage chemotherapy. Grade 3 – 4 haematological toxicity was observed in 72% (n=16) of patients. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 41% (n=9). Overall, 50% (n=11) required at least one re-admission to hospital. Non-haematological grade 3 – 4 toxicity was detected in 2 patients, one of whom suffered unstable angina in the setting of anaemia, the other an acute cerebrovascular event in the setting of new atrial flutter post-chemotherapy. Discussion Although limited by a small sample size, our retrospective single center experience demonstrates that CEEP ± R chemotherapy can be administered to elderly patients with significant co-morbidities. Our cohort was all aged >70, with medical co-morbidities leading to the unsuitability of conventional CHOP-based therapy. Whilst an overall response rate of 77% (CR + PR) was observed, on prolonged follow up, 32% of patients remained in CR. Significant haematological toxicity (72%) and infectious complications (41%) were observed, however no deaths were directly attributed to the chemotherapy. Future prospective studies are required to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of R-CEEP in the elderly. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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AL-ROOMI, K. A., A. J. DOBSON, E. HALL, R. F. HELLER, and P. MAGNUS. "DECLINING MORTALITY FROM ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA." American Journal of Epidemiology 129, no. 3 (March 1989): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115161.
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Robertson, James. "Surgical Treatment of Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease." Seminars in Neurology 6, no. 03 (September 1986): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1041476.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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Foroud, Afra, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Moving from stroke to development : a deconstruction of skilled reaching in humans." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Neuroscience, c2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/1307.
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The purpose of this thesis is to describe the organization of the movements of skilled
reaching. Our knowledge of reaching behaviour has been limited to an understanding of
specific actions. Results from this thesis describe how reaching is the product of
interactions of various parameters that assemble in an integrative way in ontogeny, yet
can become dismantled on one level, or generally, throughout multiple levels of what
constitutes the behaviour after stroke in adults. These findings demonstrate that skilled
reaching constitutes motor parameters that may not be visible in a healthy adult, but that
function through development, and by inhibitory systems in adults, to create a smooth
and finely articulated action. An examination of the movement patterns of reaching
within the full context of the behaviour can be applied to therapeutic strategies for motor
disorders and, most importantly, deepen our understanding of the relations between
reaching and cognition.xiii, 254 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm
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Man, Lai-mei, and 文麗媚. "An exploratory study for the health seeking pattern of stroke survivors on alternative medicine." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978617.
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Nicolakakis, Nektaria. "Investigation and treatment of ABeta- and TGF-Beta1- related cerebrovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66738.
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ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neurodegeneration, memory loss and premature cerebral circulatory deficits marked by a vascular structural pathology thought to involve elevated levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). We sought to investigate the role of Aβ and TGF-β1 in promoting cerebrovascular dysfunction as well as disturbances in glial, neuronal and cognitive function using transgenic mice overexpressing either (APP, TGF mice) or both (APP/TGF mice) peptides. We attempted to remedy arterial and hemodynamic deficits using a pharmacological approach with free radical scavengers and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist pioglitazone, compounds known to correct peripheral vascular dysfunction. In addition, we evaluated treatment outcome on glial, neuronal and cognitive AD markers. We found that cerebrovascular dysfunction in APP mice was mediated by a pro-oxidant pathway activated by soluble Aβ, and that it was completely remedied with antioxidant treatment and pioglitazone, even at an advanced age. In contrast, cerebrovascular impairments of TGF mice were insensitive to antioxidants, related to alterations in signaling molecules within the vessel wall, accompanied by vascular fibrosis and responsive only to pioglitazone. APP mice also featured AD-like glial, neuronal and memory deficits, and contrary to an antioxidant, pioglitazone completely reversed most of these in aged animals, although earlier treatment may be warranted to restore memory. In contrast, TGF mice experiencing chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency lacked neuronal and cognitive impairments. This suggested that, alone or at insufficient levels, hemodynamic deregulation does not necessarily lead to memory loss, but constitutes an aggravating factor in the presence of underlying pathology. In APP/TGF mice, the vascular phenotype was predominantly TGF-like, featuringLa maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) est caractérisée par la mort neuronale, la perte de la mémoire, une dysfonction cérébrovasculaire et pathologie structurelle des vaisseaux cérébraux, que l'on croit associées aux niveaux élevés d'amyloïde-bêta (Aβ) et du «transforming growth factor-beta 1» (TGF-β1). Nous avons évalué le rôle de ces deux protéines dans la pathologie cérébrovasculaire associée à la MA, ainsi qu'aux changements gliaux, neuronaux et cognitifs, en se servant de souris transgéniques qui sur-expriment l'une ou les deux (modèles APP, TGF et APP/TGF) de ces protéines. Nous avons tenté d'améliorer les déficits artériels et hémodynamiques, ainsi que marqueurs gliaux, neuronaux et cognitifs, avec des antioxydants et un agoniste des récepteurs PPARγ, la pioglitazone, composés efficaces contre les troubles vasculaires périphériques. Chez les souris APP, les problèmes cérébrovasculaires ont été attribués au stress oxydatif engendré par l'Aβ soluble, et étaient complètement normalisés par les antioxydants et la pioglitazone, en dépit de l'âge avancé des souris. Seule la pioglitazone a été efficace chez les souris TGF, dont les dysfonctions cérébrovasculaires étaient accompagnées par une fibrose, et plutôt reliées à des changements dans les molécules vasomotrices de la paroi vasculaire. Les souris APP exhibaient des déficits gliaux, neuronaux et cognitifs, dont la plupart ont été complètement normalisés par la pioglitazone, quoiqu'un traitement précoce soit peut-être requis pour restaurer la mémoire. En revanche, malgré une insuffisance cérébrovasculaire chronique, les indices neuronaux et mnémoniques des souris TGF étaient intacts. Ceci suggère qu'un trouble hémodynamique seul ou au seuil observé dans le modèle TGF, en l'absence d'une pathologie sous-jacente, ne suffit pas à perturber la mémoire, et constitue donc un facteur aggravant dans la MA. Le$
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Gu, Yong, and 顧勇. "Targeting caveolin-1 as a therapeutic approach to prevent blood-brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke : from mechanism to isoflavones treatment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197561.
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Our group previously reported that caveolin-1 (cav-1) was down-regulated by nitric oxide (NO) during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). However, the role of cav-1 in regulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is unclear yet. This study aims to address whether the loss of cav-1 induced by NO production affects BBB permeability. Data showed that the expression of cav-1 in isolated cortical microvessels was down-regulated in ischemia-reperfused rat brains subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Treatment of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, reserved cav-1 expression, inhibited matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity and reduced the BBB permeability. Moreover, cav-1 knockdown remarkably increased MMPs activity in the culture medium of brain microvascular endothelial cells. Cav-1 deficiency mice displayed higher MMPs activity and BBB permeability than that of the wild-type mice. Interestingly, the effects of L-NAME on MMPs activity and BBB permeability were partly reversed in cav-1 deficiency mice. These results suggest that cav-1 plays important roles in regulating MMPs activity and BBB permeability in cerebral I/R injury.
After completing the mechanism study, I investigated the potential drug candidate that targets cav-1 for protecting BBB and neuronal damage during cerebral I/R. Results showed that calycosin, an isoflavones from Astragali Radix, up-regulated the expression of cav-1 and inhibited MMPs activity, and decreased the BBB permeability in the MCAO ischemia-reperfused rat brains. I further investigated the neuroprotective effects of isoflavones of Astragali Radix, with in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) model and in vivo cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models. In addition to calycosin and formononetin, two major isoflavones in Astragali Radix, daidzein was also included because it is a metabolite of formononetin after absorption. Results showed that all three isoflavones decreased infarction volume and neurological scores in MCAO rats and dose-dependently attenuated neuronal death induced by L-glutamate treatment and oxygen-glucose deprivation plus reoxygenation (OGD/RO). The neuroprotective effects were inhibited by estrogen receptors (ER) antagonist ICI 182,780. Interestingly, combine treatment of isoflavones displayed synergistic effects in both OGD/RO and L-glutamate induced neuronal injury models, as well as in MCAO cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat brains. Mechanistically, estrogen receptor antagonist partly reduced the synergism in these models. PI3K/Akt activation was synergistically induced by treatment of those isoflavones simultaneously.
In summary, cav-1 could be a potential therapeutic target for protecting the BBB in the treatment of cerebral I/R injury. Major findings in this thesis include: 1) Cav-1 plays an important role in maintaining BBB integrity through inhibition of MMPs activity. NO induced MMPs activities and BBB leakage are partially mediated by the down-regulation of cav-1 during cerebral I/R injury. 2) Calycosin treatment reserved cav-1 expression and reduced BBB permeability. 3) Isoflavones synergistically protected neurons against I/R-induced neuronal insults both in vitro and in vivo. The works provide a valuable step towards the clarification of the physiological and pathophysiological functions of cav-1, and a new clue for developing isoflavones as agents targeting cav-1 for the prevention or treatment of ischemic stroke.published_or_final_version
Chinese Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Silasi, Gergely, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Novel treatments for inducing cortical plasticity and functional restitution following motor cortex stroke." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/278.
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Stroke remains a leading cause of disability in the western world, with symptoms ranging in severity from mild congnitive or motor impairments, to severe impairments in both cognitive and motor domains. Despite ongoing research aimed at helping stroke patients the disease cannot be prevented or cured, therefore a large body of research has been aimed at identifying effective rehabilitative strategies. Based on our understanding of normal brain function, and the meachanisms mediating the limited spontaneous recovery that is observed following injury, factors that promote brain plasticity are likely to be effective treatments for stroke symptoms. The current thesis investigated three novel treatments (COX-2 inhibitor drug, vitamin supplement diet, and social experience) in a rat model of focal ischemia in the motor cortex. All three treatments have been previously shown to alter plasticity in the normal brain, however the current experiments show that the treatments have differential effects following stroke. The COX-2 inhibitors provided limited improvement in functional performance, whereas the vitamin supplement treatment had no effect. Social experience on the other hand was found to block the usually observed spontaneous improvements following the stroke. These results suggest that factors that alter dendritic plasticity may in fact serve as effective stroke treatments depending on the site and the mechanisms whereby the plastic changes are induced.ix, 149 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Gharbawie, Omar A., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Modeling middle cerebral artery stroke in rats : an examination of the skilled reaching impairments." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/388.
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Middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke can produce chronic incapacitating motor
impairments. Understanding the neural basis of the motor syndromes is complicated by
the diversity of neural structures damaged but the problem can be addressed in laboratory
rats by inducing selective infarcts. Nevertheless, the motor syndromes that ensue from
stroke in rats remain poorly understood and undermine its potential as a model for
clinical stroke. The objective of the present thesis was to document the skilled reaching
impairments from neocortical and subcortical MCA infarcts in rats. In addition, the
integrity of the motor system components spared by the infarct was assessed
neurophysiologically and neuroanatomically. Characteristic reaching impairments
emerged from each infarct but there were also some overlapping features that might be
explained by neural dysfunction extending beyond the boundaries of the infarct. The
present studies showed that the laboratory rat is an ideal animal model for studying
stroke, which should be of interest to both clinical and research scientists studying stroke.xiii, 345 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. + 1 CD-ROM
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Qi, Chuanjie, and 亓传洁. "Effects of notoginsenoside R1 against glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro and on mice brain following ischemic stroke in vivo." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206464.
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Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death around the world. Higher concentration of glutamate following ischemic stroke is a factor leading to cell death, including neural stem cell death. Up to now no effective treatments of ischemic stroke are available. Notoginsenoside R1 (Noto R1) is the main component of Panax notoginseng, which is a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Its protective effects on the neural cell were noted recently. The main purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the mechanism of Noto R1 against glutamate neurotoxicity on primary cultured mouse cortical neural stem cells in vitro, and its effects on ischemic stroke on mice brain in vivo.
In the in vitro part, primary culture of neural stem cells was prepared from 12.5-day-old C57BL/6N mice embryos cortex. Neural stem cells were confirmed by nestin-staining and differentiation study afterwards. Then neural stem cells were incubated with Noto R1 and glutamate for 24 hours. Cells were fixed for TUNEL staining and caspase-3 staining. Protein was collected for western blot for Bax, Bcl-2, phos-AKT, JNK/SAPK, and phospho-p38 MAPK. Results showed that glutamate has cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner on neural stem cells. Noto R1 showed remarkable neuro-protective effects on neural stem cells exposed to excessive glutamate by higher viability. Noto R1 significantly reduced caspase-3 expression and TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, Noto R1 increased the protein expression of Bcl-2 and phospho-AKT, and reduced Bax expression. Moreover apoptosis pathway study showed phospho-p38 expression was suppressed in the Noto R1 group.
In the in vivo part, Noto R1 was administrated systemically to mice of MCAo followed by reperfusion. Behavior score and viability rate were assessed before sacrifice. TTC staining was performed for evaluating infarct area, volume and edema. H&E staining was applied for histological examination. TUNEL staining, IHC staining of Nestin, AQP4 and GFAP were performed. In the first part of Noto R1 of 40 mg/kg or PBS was injected into venous at the onset of blood vessel occlusion for 2 hours, and then followed by 22 hours of reperfusion. Results were all negative. In the second part, Noto R1 was injected intra-peritoneum for 10 days prior to MCAo which lasted for 1 hour 50 minutes, then reperfusion was allowed for 22 hours. Results showed Noto R1 improved behavior score and viability rate. Meanwhile Noto R1 significantly reduced ischemic area, volume and edema percentage. Moreover TUNEL-positive cells in the affected cortex were significantly decreased. Nestin-positive cell in the striatum were significantly increased in the Noto R1 group, and immunoactivity of AQP4 and GFAP was apparently decrease with Noto R1 treatment.
In conclusion, this study showed that Noto R1 protected cultured neural stem cells against glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro via p38 MAPK pathway by inhibiting Bax protein expression and enhancing protein expression of Bcl-2 and phospho-AKT. Moreover, it also demonstrated significant preventive effects against ischemic stroke with mice model in vivo. In a word Noto R1 presents a highly potential candidate preventing ischemic stroke clinically in the future.published_or_final_version
Anatomy
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
8
金珍妮. "中風後抑鬱症針灸治療臨床文獻研究." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/243.
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中風後抑鬱症（ Post-strok Depression, PSD ）的發生率，在中風後患者中佔有較大比例，嚴重影響患者的康復。國外研究結果顯示中風後抑鬱症的發病率為28%-56%而國內臨床相關文獻提示中風後抑鬱的患病率大致為20% - 50%。臨床中存在有許多繼發於中風的抑鬱患者，診療未受到關注的現狀。而一些接受治療的病人，也因長期口服抗抑鬱藥導致副作用愈發突出。與此同時，針灸治療抑鬱的臨床優勢已經得到國內外醫學界的重視與肯定。本文著重以近10 年來針灸治療中風後抑鬱症的文獻為主進行研究，總結關於該病因病機及有特色針灸療法的最新研究進展，歸納選穴處方的規律特點，進而在已有研究基礎上融人自己的見解，對於PSD 這種身心疾病的治療提出相關值得探討的問題與對今後研究的展望。新近的國內外研究提示，在針灸治療中風後抑鬱領域目前主要有毫針針刺和特種針法，並結合電針、配合藥物以及心理健康教育等方法，可以促進中風後患者抑鬱情緒的調整，且一定程度上也加強其他肢體功能以及神經功能的康復。同時針刺在治療的臨床研究方面也已取得較大進展，部分實驗已設立自身前後對照研究及其他藥物或針刺對照比較觀察，在診斷及評定療效標準時使用了量表及統計分析，增強了療效的可信度及可比性。一些課題也已進入實驗室研究，從神經遞質、神經內分泌方面探求針刺治療PSD 的機制，並取得一定的進展。本研究得出今後應該加強隨機大樣本對照的前瞻性設計實驗的結論，認為中風後抑鬱症的臨床分型、穴位配伍、針刺手法、刺激量大小以及療效評價等方面，均將成為針灸治療本病的繼續研究之探索方向。
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吳明真. "中風後痙攣性偏癱針灸取穴規律的計量文獻研究." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1344.
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曾偉賢 and Wai-yin Tsang. "Analysis of data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial for the treatment of stroke." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977509.
Full textBooks on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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Senes, Susana. How we manage stroke in Australia. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2006.
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Boyle, Catherine A. Morbidity from cardiovascular disease in Australia. Canberra: The Institute, 1995.
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A, Lemak Noreen, ed. A history of stroke: Its recognition and treatment. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
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1931-, Robertson James T., Nowak Thaddeus S, and Princeton Conference on Cerebrovascular Disease (20th : 1996 : Memphis, Tenn.), eds. Frontiers in cerebrovascular disease: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment. Armonk, NY: Futura Pub. Co., 1998.
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Cerebral vasospasm: New strategies in research and treatment. Berlin: Springer, 2008.
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Broderick, Joseph P. Prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Kansas City, Mo: American Academy of Family Physicians, 1998.
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Alexandrov, Andrei V. Cerebrovascular ultrasound in stroke prevention and treatment. Elmsford, N.Y: Blackwell Pub./Futura, 2004.
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Strawbridge, Holly. Stroke: Advances in detection & treatment : 2009 report. Edited by Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Norwalk, Ct: Belvoir Media Group, 2009.
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V, Alexandrov Andrei, ed. Cerebrovascular ultrasound in stroke prevention and treatment. Elmsford, N.Y: Blackwell Pub./Futura, 2004.
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Gariballa, Salah. Nutrition and stroke: Prevention and treatment. Ames, IA: Blackwell Pub., 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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Yonekawa, Yasuhiro, Takehiko Okuno, and Hajime Handa. "“Moyamoya” Disease: Clinical Review and Surgical Treatment." In Cerebrovascular Surgery, 557–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5032-6_13.
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Parkes, J. D., P. Jenner, D. N. Rushton, and C. D. Marsden. "Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease." In Treatment in Clinical Medicine, 25–50. London: Springer London, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3140-3_3.
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Moeini-Naghani, Iman, and Bahman Jabbari. "Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Cerebrovascular Disease." In Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Clinical Medicine, 213–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56038-0_12.
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Takemoto, Koichiro, Hiroshi Abe, Ken Uda, and Tooru Inoue. "Surgical Treatment of Intracranial VA Dissecting Aneurysm." In Surgical Management of Cerebrovascular Disease, 51–56. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99373-6_8.
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Harrigan, Mark R., and John P. Deveikis. "Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment." In Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique, 143–77. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-125-7_5.
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Harrigan, Mark R., and John P. Deveikis. "Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment." In Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique, 249–331. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66779-9_5.
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Harrigan, Mark R., and John P. Deveikis. "Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment." In Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique, 189–241. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-946-4_5.
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Sano, Hirotoshi. "Treatment of Complex Intracranial Aneurysms of Anterior Circulation Using Multiple Clips." In Surgical Management of Cerebrovascular Disease, 27–31. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99373-6_4.
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Kaku, Yasuhiko, Kentarou Yamashita, Jouji Kokuzawa, Naoki Hatsuda, and Takashi Andoh. "Treatment of Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms – Clip and Coil, Not Clip Versus Coil." In Surgical Management of Cerebrovascular Disease, 9–13. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99373-6_2.
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Harrigan, Mark R., and John P. Deveikis. "Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke." In Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique, 431–500. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66779-9_8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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Victorio-Meza, Hermilo, Manuel Mejia-Lavalle, Alicia Martinez Rebollar, Joaquin Perez Ortega, Obdulia Pichardo Lagunas, and Grigori Sidorov. "Searching for Cerebrovascular Disease Optimal Treatment Recommendations Applying Markovian Processes." In 2016 International Conference on Mechatronics, Electronics and Automotive Engineering (ICMEAE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmeae.2016.018.
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Gramasco, Hendrick Henrique Fernandes, Mateus Felipe dos Santos, Yasmim Nadime José Frigo, Guilherme Drumond Jardini Anastácio, Stella de Angelis Trivellato, Daniel Fabiano Barbosa dos Santos, Ana Cláudia Pires Carvalho, et al. "Diverse clinical presentations of Moyamoya disease: a case series." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.530.
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Context: Moyamoya disease or chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease is characterized by proximal occlusion of the internal carotid artery and its branches bilaterally, generating an angiographic “smoke” pattern (moyamoya, from Japanese “something hazy”) and by diverse ischemic manifestations. Case report: The sample consists of three female patients, aged between 13 and 46 years, followed in our service due to the diagnosis of Moyamoya Disease. Among the clinical manifestations presented, ischemic cerebrovascular events with neurological deficit predominated, and one of the patients presented two episodes compatible with stroke and one episode compatible with transient ischemic accident. The youngest patient presented with a choreic picture initially interpreted as Sydenham’s chorea. Although the gold standard for the diagnosis of chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease is cerebral arterial angiography, it was possible to observe a pattern compatible with the disease in other modalities of examination, such as cerebral arterial angiotomography and cerebral arterial angioresonance. From the therapeutic point of view, one of the patients underwent surgical intervention (encephaloduromyosinangiosis), with improvement of symptoms after treatment. Conclusions: In this paper, we emphasize the importance of complementary imaging tests in the evaluation of patients with cerebrovascular syndromes and the diversity of clinical presentation of Moyamoya disease.
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Jiang, Miao, Zhong-di Liu, Jing Sun, Hong-ming Ma, Na Qi, Hong-tao Guo, Guang Zheng, et al. "Exploring the basic laws of acupoints of ischemie cerebrovascular disease in acupuncture treatment through text mining." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm.2013.6732645.
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Martins, Karine Felipe, Flávia Pascoal Teles, Amanda Fernandes de Sousa Oliveira Balestra, and Isadora Rosa Maia. "Cerebrovascular diseases: the importance of recognizing them." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.188.
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Background: Until the 70s, cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) were neglected to the lack of resources. However, due to the advancement of technology, several imaging tests have appeared, such as magnetic resonance and computed tomography, which facilitated the diagnosis and the understanding of the pathophysiology of each disease. Objectives: The objective of this work is to identify the main CVDs signs and symptoms. Methods: An integrative literature review was carried out based on selected articles from Google Scholar, PubMed and SciELO, using the terms headache, cerebrovascular disease, neurology. Results: CVDs are characterized by causing damage to brain vessels, due to changes in blood flow momentarily or permanently in an area of the brain, allowing them to be classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic. In ischemic there is a blockage of blood flow and, consequently, of oxygen to areas of the brain, in hemorrhagic rupture of a vessel occurs and, with this, blood leakage. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the signs and symptoms early, in order to prevent loss of neurological function, movements on one side of the body and the presence or absence of headaches in both patients, with ischemic CVD and hemorrhagic CVD prevent rapid loss of consciousness accompanied by severe headache. Such signs and symptoms associated with the patient’s family history and lifestyle can help in the diagnosis of this disease. Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of CVDs, in order to determine the treatment and advise the patient, which will guarantee a better prognosis.
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Patuwondatu, Martini Heniastaty, and icilya Candi. "Effects of Foot Reflexology Massage on Reducing Blood Pressure in Elderly with Hypertension at Sekupang Public Health Center, Batam." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.21.
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ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension is significantly associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cerebrovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and renal insufficiency. Hypertension is a major public health problem and an important research area due to its high prevalence and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other complications. This study aimed to determine the effect of foot reflexology therapy on lowering blood pressure in elderly people suffering from hypertension in the working area of Sekupang community health center, Batam City. Subjects and Method: This study was an experiment with a pretest – posttest control group design. A sample of 15 elderlies was selected by simple random probability sampling. The dependent variable was elderly with hypertension. The independent variable was foot reflexology therapy. The data obtained from this study were the values of pre and post therapy blood pressure between the control group and the treatment group. The data was analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Results: After the intervention of foot reflexology was carried out, foot reflexology affected reducing headache intensity (Mean= 2; SD= 0.52) and it was statistically significant (p= 0.002). When compared to the control group that was not given therapy, indicating that pain intensity tended to increase with statistical results (Mean = 2.33; SD= 0.69) obtained (Z score = -2.64) with p = 0.008. Conclusion: Reducing the intensity of headaches and able to lower blood pressure in older people with hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, Foot Reflexology, Elderly, Headache Correspondence: Martini Heniastaty Patuwondatu. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. Email : martha.imbuh@gmail.com. 081277466363 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.21
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Teruya, J., N. Shimizu, J. Matsuda, M. Kazama, and T. Abe. "PROFILE DIAGNOSIS OF HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS BY SIMULTANEOUS ASSAY OF HEMOSTATIC MOLECULAR MARKERS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643052.
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Simultaneous measurements of molecular markers of platelet, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and vascular system give us precise-and comprehensive information about hemostatic profile of various diseases. We adopted 6-thromboglobulin(B-TG) and platelet factor 4(PF4) for platelet function, fibrinopeptide A(FPA) and soluble fibrin monomer complex(SFMC) for coagulation, fibrinopeptide BB15-42(BB) and fibrin degradation product(FDP), for fibrinolysis, and tissue plasminogen activator(TPA) antigen for vascular system.(l).The results of normal values were as follow(n=20); 6-TG 40.6ng/ml, PF4 9.9ng/ml, FPA 3-lng/ml, BB 8.2ng/ml, and TPA 4.4ng/ml. (2).The mean values of 6-TG and PF4 were 72.1ng/ml and 30.9ng/ml, respectively in all patients with SLE(n=53)-FPA and BB were 7-lng/ml and 32.2ng/ml, respectively. All the markers mentioned above were significantly increased compared with normal. It means that hemostatic profile of SLE was hyperfunction of platelet, coagulation, and fibriolysis systems. (3)-In patients with ischemic heart diseases(IHD) including angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction(n=17) B-TG and PF4 increased to 60.1ng/ml and 21.7ng/ml, respectively. But FPA did not change significantly. And BB increased to 4l.8ng/ml. It means that occurrence of IHD is closely related to hyperfunction of platelets rather than coagulation. (4). Patients with occlusive cerebrovascular accident(CVA) were divided into two groups; cases with high FPA and those with normal FPA. The average value of FPA of the former group was 10.2ng/ml and they had higher levels of BB of 23.1ng/ml than normal. TPA was measured before and after venous occlusion (VO) of lOOmmHg for 7 minutes. TPA increased 2 or 3 folds after VO test in normal subjects, but in 5 of 17 cases of CVA it did not change before and after VO test.It was postulated that the profile diagnosis of hemostatic disorders is possible by simultaneous measurement of molecular markers, because this method informs us what aspect of hemostatic function is hyperactive. It will also provide us the appropriate indication of treatment for various types of thrombotic disease.
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Veloso, Priscilla Maquinêz, Jorge Yoshinori Shida, Luiz Henrique Gebrim, and André Mattar. "EVALUATION OF AGE GROUP OF 11,323 BREAST CANCER PATIENTS TREATED FROM JANUARY 2011 TO DECEMBER 2019 AT PEROLA BYINGTON HOSPITAL." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1024.
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Introduction: According to estimates from the Brazilian Department of Health, in 2021 we will see more than 65,000 cases of breast cancer in Brazil. The predominance of advanced cases in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) stems from the long time for diagnosis and treatment of patients and, consequently, leads to a higher mortality rate. There is a lack of data on the age of our patients to establish an adequate coping strategy for the disease and thus reduce mortality in our country. The Department of Health recommends mammography from the age of 50. The Brazilian Society of Mastology (SBM), on the other hand, recommends exams starting at 40. Before that, only for groups at risk. In 2018, there were 2,1 million new cases, equivalent to 11.6% of all estimated cancers. This value corresponds to an estimated risk of 55.2/100 thousand. The highest expected incidence rates were in Australia and New Zealand, in Northern European countries and in Western Europe. Regardless of the country’s socioeconomic situation, the incidence of this cancer ranks among the top positions for female malignancies. On the other hand, there has been a decline in the trend of incidence rates in some developed countries, partly linked to the decrease in hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Objectives: This paper aims to describe treatment of breast cancer according the age group of 11,323 women by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital from January 2011 to December 2019. Methods: A hospital-based observational crosssectional study was carried out, in which the eligible population consisted of 11,323 patients with breast cancer treated by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital whose data was registered in the data collection system of that hospital. Women under the age of 20 years up to over 80 years were selected. Results: A predominance of the diagnosis was observed in women aged 50 to 59 years (27.91%), followed by patients aged 40 to 49 years (23.90%) and by patients aged 60 to 69 years (22.26%). Women under the age of 20 were diagnosed in 0.06% of cases and over 80 years of age in 4.75%. Conclusions: The diagnosis of breast cancer in women under 40 years of age is rare, representing around 10% of all registered cases. But, when it occurs in this age group, the disease tends to be more aggressive, raising a question of from what age the screening test should be performed.
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Liu, Chengcheng. "Strategies on healthy urban planning and construction for challenges of rapid urbanization in China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/subf4944.
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In the past 40 years, China has experienced the largest and fastest urbanization development in the world. The infrastructure, urban environment and medical services of cities have been improved significantly. The health impacts are manifested in the decrease of the incidence of infectious diseases and the significant increase of the life span of residents. However, the development of urbanization in China has also created many problems, including the increasing pollution of urban environment such as air, water and soil, the disorderly spread of urban construction land, the fragmentation of natural ecological environment, dense population, traffic congestion and so on. With the process of urbanization and motorization, the lifestyle of urban population has changed, and the disease spectrum and the sequence of death causes have changed. Chronic noncommunicable diseases have replaced acute infectious diseases and become the primary threat to urban public health. According to the data published by the famous medical journal The LANCET on China's health care, the economic losses caused by five major non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) will reach US$23 trillion between 2012 and 2030, more than twice the total GDP of China in 2015 (US$11.7 trillion). Therefore, China proposes to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" and develop the policy of "integrating health into ten thousand strategies". Integrate health into the whole process of urban and rural planning, construction and governance to form a healthy, equitable and accessible production and living environment. China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. The main strategies from national system design to local planning are as follows. First of all, the top-level design of the country. There are two main points: one point, the formulation of the Healthy China 2030 Plan determines the first batch of 38 pilot healthy cities and practices the strategy of healthy city planning; the other point, formulate and implement the national health city policy and issue the National Healthy City. The evaluation index system evaluates the development of local work from five aspects: environment, society, service, crowd and culture, finds out the weak links in the work in time, and constantly improves the quality of healthy city construction. Secondly, the reform of territorial spatial planning. In order to adapt to the rapid development of urbanization, China urban plan promote the reform of spatial planning system, change the layout of spatial planning into the fine management of space, and promote the sustainable development of cities. To delimit the boundary line of urban development and the red line of urban ecological protection and limit the disorderly spread of urban development as the requirements of space control. The bottom line of urban environmental quality and resource utilization are studied as capacity control and environmental access requirements. The grid management of urban built environment and natural environment is carried out, and the hierarchical and classified management unit is determined. Thirdly, the practice of special planning for local health and medical distribution facilities. In order to embody the equity of health services, including health equity, equity of health services utilization and equity of health resources distribution. For the elderly population, vulnerable groups and patients with chronic diseases, the layout of community health care facilities and intelligent medical treatment are combined to facilitate the "last kilometer" service of health care. Finally, urban repair and ecological restoration design are carried out. From the perspective of people-oriented, on the basis of studying the comfortable construction of urban physical environment, human behavior and the characteristics of human needs, to tackle "urban diseases" and make up for "urban shortboard". China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. Committed to the realization of a constantly developing natural and social environment, and can continue to expand social resources, so that people can enjoy life and give full play to their potential to support each other in the city.
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Wardani, Arista Kusuma. "Interprofessional Collaboration on Mental Health: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.26.
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ABSTRACT Background: The increasing prevalence rate of mental illness due to demographic changes became the burden of disease in primary health care. Effective interprofessional collaboration strategies are required to improve professional welfare and quality of care. Interdisciplinary teamwork plays an important role in the treatment of chronic care, including mental illness. This scoping review aimed to investigate the benefit and barrier of interprofessional collaboration approach to mental health care. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selection; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The search included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Willey Online library databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language, full-text, and free access articles published between 2010 and 2020. The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: A total of 316 articles obtained from the search databases, in which 263 articles unmet the inclusion criteria and 53 duplicates were excluded. Based on the selected seven articles, one article from a developed country (Malaysia), and six articles from developing countries (Australia, Canada, Belgium, Norway) with quantitative (cross-sectional, surveillance) and qualitative study designs. The reviewed findings were benefit and barrier of interprofessional collaboration on mental health. Benefits included improve quality of care, increase job satisfaction, improve patient health status, increase staff satisfaction, increase performance motivation among employees, as well as shorter duration of treatment and lower cost. Barriers included hierarchy culture, lack of resources, lack of time, poor communication, and inadequate training. Conclusion: Interprofessional teamwork and collaboration have been considered an essential solution for effective mental health care. Keywords: interprofessional collaboration, benefit, barrier, mental health Correspondence: Arista Kusuma Wardani. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (Ring Road Barat) No. 63 Mlangi, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: wardanikusuma1313@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281805204773 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.26
Reports on the topic "Cerebrovascular disease Treatment Australia"
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LI, Peng, and Junjun Liu. Effect of statin therapy on moderate-to-severe depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0016.
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Review question / Objective: We aim to assess the antidepressant effects of statin therapy among patients complicated with moderate to severe depression. Condition being studied: Depression is one of the major causes of disability worldwide, and major depressive disorders (MDD) contribute to a significant heavy disease burden, which is expected to be second by 2050, only to heart disease. Despite great improvement in therapy, the treatment efficacy remains low. Therefore, alternative therapies have been intensely investigated. A substantial body of researches have suggested that inflammation is one of the operative pathways between MDD and increased risk of somatic comorbidities, and some specific depressive symptoms. Depression occurs in most patients with cardiac and cerebrovascular disease due to the long-term effects, and depression increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in the population as a whole and in patients with coronary artery disease or stroke. Several observational studies have demonstrated reduced rates of depression among patients taking statins, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether statin improves the depressive symptoms and its associated mechanism is still mixed. Furthermore, there is little evidence about statin treatment effect in those with moderate to severe depression. In addition, whether the effect of statin treatment on depressive symptom changes with time or is affected by baseline depression severity or percentage change of lipid levels has not been explored in previous studies.
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Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Jennifer MacLachlan, Benjamin Cowie, and Gregory J. Dore. Population-level interventions to improve the health outcomes of people living with hepatitis B: an Evidence Check brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health, 2022. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/pxwj3682.
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Background An estimated 292 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally, including 223,000 people in Australia. HBV diagnosis and linkage of people living with HBV to clinical care is suboptimal in Australia, with 27% of people living with HBV undiagnosed and 77% not receiving regular HBV clinical care. This systematic review aimed to characterize population-level interventions implemented to enhance all components of HBV care cascade and analyse the effectiveness of interventions. Review questions Question 1: What population-level interventions, programs or policy approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B; and that may not yet be fully rolled out or evaluated in Australia demonstrate early effectiveness, or promise, in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B? Question 2: What population-level interventions and/or programs are effective at reducing disease burden for people in the community with hepatitis B? Methods Four bibliographic databases and 21 grey literature sources were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population included people with or at risk of chronic HBV, and the study conducted a population-level interventions to decrease HBV incidence or disease burden or to enhance any components of HBV care cascade (i.e., diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence to clinical care), or HBV vaccination coverage. Studies published in the past 10 years (since January 2012), with or without comparison groups were eligible for inclusion. Studies conducting an HBV screening intervention were eligible if they reported proportion of people participating in screening, proportion of newly diagnosed HBV (participant was unaware of their HBV status), proportion of people received HBV vaccination following screening, or proportion of participants diagnosed with chronic HBV infection who were linked to HBV clinical care. Studies were excluded if study population was less than 20 participants, intervention included a pharmaceutical intervention or a hospital-based intervention, or study was implemented in limited clinical services. The records were initially screened by title and abstract. The full texts of potentially eligible records were reviewed, and eligible studies were selected for inclusion. For each study included in analysis, the study outcome and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. For studies including a comparison group, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95%CIs were calculated. Random effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the pooled study outcome estimates. Stratified analyses were conducted by study setting, study population, and intervention-specific characteristics. Key findings A total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. A large majority of studies (study n=48, 79%) included single-arm studies with no concurrent control, with seven (12%) randomised controlled trials, and six (10%) non-randomised controlled studies. A total of 109 interventions were evaluated in 61 included studies. On-site or outreach HBV screening and linkage to HBV clinical care coordination were the most frequent interventions, conducted in 27 and 26 studies, respectively. Question 1 We found no studies reporting HBV incidence as the study outcome. One study conducted in remote area demonstrated that an intervention including education of pregnant women and training village health volunteers enhanced coverage of HBV birth dose vaccination (93% post-intervention, vs. 81% pre-intervention), but no data of HBV incidence among infants were reported. Question 2 Study outcomes most relevant to the HBV burden for people in the community with HBV included, HBV diagnosis, linkage to HBV care, and HBV vaccination coverage. Among randomised controlled trials aimed at enhancing HBV screening, a meta-analysis was conducted including three studies which implemented an intervention including community face-to-face education focused on HBV and/or liver cancer among migrants from high HBV prevalence areas. This analysis demonstrated a significantly higher HBV testing uptake in intervention groups with the likelihood of HBV testing 3.6 times higher among those participating in education programs compared to the control groups (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 2.72, 4.88). In another analysis, including 25 studies evaluating an intervention to enhance HBV screening, a pooled estimate of 66% of participants received HBV testing following the study intervention (95%CI: 58-75%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 17-98%; I-square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV screening strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing participants with on-site HBV testing, the proportion receiving HBV testing (80%, 95%CI: 72-87%) was significantly higher compared to the studies referring participants to an external site for HBV testing (54%, 95%CI: 37-71%). In the studies implementing an intervention to enhance linkage of people diagnosed with HBV infection to clinical care, the interventions included different components and varied across studies. The most common component was post-test counselling followed by assistance with scheduling clinical appointments, conducted in 52% and 38% of the studies, respectively. In meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 73% of people with HBV infection were linked to HBV clinical care (95%CI: 64-81%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 28-100%; I-square: 99.2%). A stratified analysis by study population demonstrated that in the studies among general population in high prevalence countries, 94% of people (95%CI: 88-100%) who received the study intervention were linked to care, significantly higher than 72% (95%CI: 61-83%) in studies among migrants from high prevalence area living in a country with low prevalence. In 19 studies, HBV vaccination uptake was assessed after an intervention, among which one study assessed birth dose vaccination among infants, one study assessed vaccination in elementary school children and 17 studies assessed vaccination in adults. Among studies assessing adult vaccination, a pooled estimate of 38% (95%CI: 21-56%) of people initiated vaccination, with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 0.5-93%; I square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV vaccination strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing on-site vaccination, the uptake was 78% (95%CI: 62-94%), significantly higher compared to 27% (95%CI: 13-42%) in studies referring participants to an external site for vaccination. Conclusion This systematic review identified a wide variety of interventions, mostly multi-component interventions, to enhance HBV screening, linkage to HBV clinical care, and HBV vaccination coverage. High heterogeneity was observed in effectiveness of interventions in all three domains of screening, linkage to care, and vaccination. Strategies identified to boost the effectiveness of interventions included providing on-site HBV testing and vaccination (versus referral for testing and vaccination) and including community education focussed on HBV or liver cancer in an HBV screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of more novel interventions (e.g., point of care testing) and interventions specifically including Indigenous populations, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and people incarcerated.