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Journal articles on the topic 'Cerebral lymphoma'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 September 2024

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1

Brown, J. H., M. J. Stallmeyer, E. S. Lustrin, and F. S. Chew. "Primary cerebral lymphoma." American Journal of Roentgenology 165, no. 3 (September 1995): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.165.3.7645482.

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2

Hughes-Davies, L., M. Spittle, M. J. Harrison, S. B. Lucas, and R. F. Miller. "Metastatic cerebral lymphoma." Sexually Transmitted Infections 67, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.67.4.284.

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3

Lanfermann, H., W. Heindel, J. Schaper, R. Schröder, M. L. Hansmann, R. Lehrke, R. I. Ernestus, and K. Lackner. "CT and MR imaging in primary cerebral Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." Acta Radiologica 38, no. 2 (March 1997): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841859709172060.

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Purpose: to determine the morphological appearance and topographical distribution of primary cerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Material and Methods: CT and MR examinations of 68 patients with primary cerebral NHL were analyzed. the NHLs were classified by the Kiel classification and im-munohistological data, as centroblastic (25), immunoblastic (24), lymphoblastic (5), Burkitt (1), non-subclassifiable type B (11), and T-cell lymphoma (2). Results: Centroblastic lymphomas tended to predominate in the parietal lobe (56.5%) and the corpus callosum (59.1%) while immunoblastic lymphomas were mainly distributed in the frontal lobe (52.8%). About 2/3 of all NHLs showed a multi-focal occurrence. Important for differential diagnosis, ventricular involvement was proved in 83.3% of these cases. in the remaining 26 patients with a solitary lymphoma, a periventricular location could be detected in only 8 cases. Central necroses were frequent in HIV-positive patients (7/11, 63.6%) but rare in the HIV-negative patients (9/57,15.8%). on T2-weighted SE MR images, 8/11 centroblastic lymphomas gave a signal that was isointense with, or lower than, that of the contralateral white matter, while 8/10 immunoblastic lymphomas gave a higher signal. Conclusion: the radiological finding of multifocal brain lesions with ventricular involvement is relatively specific for primary cerebral NHL. However, subclassification on the basis of the CT or MR imaging results is not yet possible.

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4

PAPPERT, ERIC J., JOSEPH C. PARKER, and ANN HUBBARD. "Cerebral Lymphoma in Childhood." Southern Medical Journal 82, no. 10 (October 1989): 1294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198910000-00026.

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5

Faia, Lisa J., and Chi-Chao Chan. "Primary Intraocular Lymphoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 133, no. 8 (August 1, 2009): 1228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/133.8.1228.

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Abstract Primary intraocular lymphoma, recently suggested to be renamed primary retinal lymphoma, is a subset of primary central nervous system lymphoma and is usually an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Between 56% and 85% of patients who initially present with primary intraocular lymphoma alone will develop cerebral lesions. Patients typically complain of decreased vision and floaters, most likely secondary to the chronic vitritis and subretinal lesions. The diagnosis of primary intraocular lymphoma can be difficult to make and requires tissue for diagnosis. The atypical lymphoid cells are large and display a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, and basophilic cytoplasm. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, cytokine analysis, and gene rearrangements also aid in the diagnosis. Local and systemic treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, are employed, although the relapse rate remains high.

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6

Lutz, J.-M., and MP Coleman. "Trends in primary cerebral lymphoma." British Journal of Cancer 70, no. 4 (October 1994): 716–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1994.381.

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7

Plum, F. "Cerebral Lymphoma and Central Hyperventilation." Archives of Neurology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1990.00530010016001.

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8

Kaur, A., A. Clarke-Brodber, M. Eldibany, M. Alikhan, and J. Lee. "Lymphamatosis Cerebri With Rare Marginal Zone Lymphoma Phenotype: An Autopsy Case Report In A Patient With History Of Peripheral Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma And Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (October 2020): S82—S83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.181.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Lymphomatosis cerebri (LC) is a term used to describe primary central nervous system lymphomas which may present as diffuse, non-enhancing, infiltrative lesions. Although most of these are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, there are other cases in the literature of low-grade B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma. Methods We present a 76-year-old male with a past medical history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2014), diffuse large B cell lymphoma of right jaw (2019) s/p chemotherapy, prostate cancer s/p prostatectomy and radiation. The patient presented 3 weeks prior to admission due to generalized weakness with rapidly declining mental status, anorexia and deconditioning. MRI brain revealed scattered T2/FLAIR signal abnormalities in the cerebrum and cerebellum. An assessment of encephalitis was rendered. The patient continued to worsen and passed away. Results On autopsy of the brain, there was extensive involvement of the basal ganglia, cerebellum and all cerebral lobes by a lymphoid process. It had a predominant perivascular, parenchymal and leptomeningeal distribution. Microscopically, there was a diffuse proliferation of small to intermediate sized lymphocytes with mature chromatin. These lymphocytes were neoplastic B cells which stained for CD20, CD43 and negative for CD5, CD3 and CD23. It also showed low Ki67 index. This immunophenotype is most consistent with a marginal zone lymphoma. Conclusion It is quite rare that our patient’s infiltrative process was a small mature B-cell lymphoma most compatible with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. Our case illustrates the importance of recognizing this entity, particularly in context with different morphology since our patient had three different types of lymphoma. The dilemma in diagnosing such lesions can lead to delay in diagnosis and institution of appropriate management. Thus, knowledge about its imaging and morphological features is very critical for correct categorization and to avoid potential misdiagnosis.

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9

Degl’Innocenti, Sara, Nicola Della Camera, Cristian Falzone, and Carlo Cantile. "Canine Cerebral Intravascular Lymphoma: Neuropathological and Immunohistochemical Findings." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 2 (October 5, 2018): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985818806059.

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Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare angiotropic large-cell lymphoma in which neoplastic lymphocytes proliferate within the lumina of small blood vessels in the absence of a primary extravascular mass or leukemia. This study included 10 cases of canine IVL restricted to the CNS. Dogs had an average age of 8 years and neurological signs mainly referred to brain involvement such as depression, seizures, and ambulatory deficits. Gross examination at necropsy showed focal extensive or multiple hemorrhagic areas mainly distributed in the telencephalon and diencephalon. Histopathologically, numerous veins and capillaries were filled with neoplastic lymphoid cells, accompanied by edema, hemorrhage, and thrombosis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD3, CD20, and PAX5 was performed to phenotype the neoplastic lymphocytes. IHC for CD44 and CD29 were used to investigate the pathogenetic mechanism leading to the intravascular aggregation of the neoplastic lymphocytes. The same IHC panel was applied to 8 cases of primary and metastatic canine CNS lymphoma in order to compare IVL immunoreactivity. Three IVLs were typified as T-cell, 3 as B-cell, and 4 as non-T non-B. Neoplastic lymphocytes showed marked expression of CD44 in all IVL cases, and CD29-immunolabeled cells were observed in 4 IVLs. CD44 immunoreactivity was consistent with the findings reported in human IVL, suggesting a predisposition to the formation of lymphocyte aggregates. CD29 was inconsistently immunonegative in canine IVL, confirming only partially the pathogenetic mechanism suggested for the human counterpart.

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10

Maas, Jared A., Manuel Menes, and Vitaly Siomin. "Cardiac Myxoma with Cerebral Metastases and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review." Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports 81, no. 01 (January 2020): e1-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399570.

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Abstract Background Cardiac myxomas, the most common primary cardiac tumors, are generally benign neoplasms. Primary cardiac lymphoma is a rare cardiac malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Here we present a case of a cardiac myxoma with cerebral metastases and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) arising within the cerebral metastases. Case description A 62-year-old man, who presented with symptoms of multiple transient ischemic attacks, was found to have a left atrial myxoma. Twelve months after excision of the myxoma, the patient experienced a recurrence of neurologic symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple hemorrhagic masses. Craniotomy was performed to resect the lesions. Histopathologic examination confirmed cardiac myxoma metastases and a small lymphocytic infiltrate within the tumor consistent with CLL/SLL. Conclusion Including the present case, there are 27 cases of cardiac myxoma cerebral metastases and 22 cases of lymphomas arising within myxomas. The present case is the first known instance of both entities in the same patient. There is no standard management for either cardiac myxoma metastases or lymphoma within a myxoma. For both diseases, surgical excision is the primary treatment modality, but postoperative chemotherapy and/or radiation have been attempted. Myxomas may create a chronic inflammatory state that could lead to the development of CLL/SLL.

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11

Akbas, Feray, Guven Cetin, Esma Altunoglu, Hanife Usta Atmaca, Fusun Erdenen, and Ender Ulgen. "A Rare Type of Presentation of Lymphoma: Primary Cerebral Lymphoma." Istanbul Medical Journal 14, no. 3 (October 4, 2013): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/imj.2013.59.

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12

Anda, Takeo, Wataru Haraguchi, Hajime Miyazato, Shinsuke Tanaka, Tokuhiro Ishihara, Katsuyuki Aozasa, and Itsuko Nakamichi. "Ruptured distal middle cerebral artery aneurysm filled with tumor cells in a patient with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 109, no. 3 (September 2008): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/109/9/0492.

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The authors describe a very rare case of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma in a woman whose ruptured distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms were filled with lymphoma cells. A 69-year-old woman who had undergone artificial graft replacement for an aortic aneurysm presented with transient left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a small fresh cerebral infarction in the right frontal lobe, although major cervical and cerebral arteries were shown to be intact on MR angiography. Antiplatelet and anticoagulation treatments commenced. On the 21st day after onset, the patient suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and a digital subtraction angiogram revealed aneurysmal lesions in the distal MCA. Based on the histological examination of the resected aneurysms, proliferation of large B-cell lymphoma was identified in the dilated arterial lumen. On the 71st day after ischemic onset, intracranial hemorrhage recurred, and she died. Postmortem examination revealed similar lymphoma cells only in the intimal layer that had grown on the artificial graft, and it was decided that the patient had had intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. The preceding cerebral infarction was thought to be due to occlusion of the distal MCA by tumor embolus, which may be the initial pathological stage in aneurysm formation. For patients with incomprehensible ischemic cerebral stroke, neoplasm must be taken in consideration.

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13

Weiner, John. "Primary cerebral lymphoma and the eye." Medical Journal of Australia 144, no. 13 (June 1986): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb113719.x.

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14

Buchholz, Niels-Peter, Marie-Madeleine Huber-Buchholz, and Jody Stähelin. "Testicular Metastasis of Cerebral Malignant Lymphoma." Urologia Internationalis 54, no. 1 (1995): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000282688.

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15

Hernández Rubio, L., J. C. Giner Bernabeu, Á. Perez Sempere, and P. Toro. "Primary cerebral lymphoma with spontaneous remission." Neurología (English Edition) 28, no. 2 (March 2013): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nrleng.2011.08.004.

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16

Ayuso-Peralta, L. "Cerebral lymphoma presenting as a leukoencephalopathy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 71, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.71.2.243.

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17

ZARABI, C. MEHDI, JOSEPH C. PARKER, and M. WASYLENKO. "Primary Cerebral Lymphoma Manifested by Dementia." Southern Medical Journal 85, no. 12 (December 1992): 1249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199212000-00023.

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18

Foy, JM, WR Primrose, and JM Mackenzie. "Primary Cerebral Lymphoma presenting with Parkinsonism." Scottish Medical Journal 52, no. 1 (February 2007): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmsmj.52.1.55f.

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19

Lachenal, Florence, Françoise Berger, Sébastien Cimarelli, Maité Formaglio, and Hervé Ghesquières. "Primary Cerebral Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 5 (February 10, 2013): e64-e68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.43.8226.

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20

Pauzner, R., M. Mouallem, M. Sadeh, and Z. Farfel. "Cerebral Lymphoma and Central Hyperventilation-Reply." Archives of Neurology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1990.00530010016002.

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21

Siboub, Mohamed. "Diagnosed cerebral cortical venous thrombosis after initiation of chemotherapy for Burkitt's lymphoma: a case report." Annales Africaines de Medecine 16, no. 2 (May 23, 2023): e5136-e5139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v16i2.15.

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La thrombose veineuse cérébrale (TVC) dans le contexte du lymphome constitue un événement rare pouvant être grave et mettre en jeu le pronostic vital. L'évaluation des facteurs de risque pour une bonne stratification des patients est nécessaire avant tout traitement antitumoral. A travers cette observation rare et inhabituelle de TVC survenue après le début du traitement, nous attirons l’attention des praticiens sur l'intérêt d’une prophylaxie primaire des patients diagnostiqués avec lymphome à haut risque de maladie thrombo-embolique veineuse. Cerebral venous thrombosis in lymphoma is rare and can be serious and potentially fatal. Evaluation of risk factors for correct stratification is required before antitumor treatment. Initiation of chemotherapy for bulky tumors can induce thrombosis in unusual localizations, which can be a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem.Through an unusual and rare observation, we insist on the importance of primary prophylaxis of patients diagnosed with lymphoma with high risk of venous thrombo-embolic disease.

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22

Karschnia, Philipp, Jens Blobner, Nico Teske, Florian Schöberl, Esther Fitzinger, Martin Dreyling, Joerg-Christian Tonn, Niklas Thon, Marion Subklewe, and Louisa von Baumgarten. "CAR T-Cells for CNS Lymphoma: Driving into New Terrain?" Cancers 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102503.

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Primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSL) represent a group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas and secondary CNS lymphomas refer to secondary involvement of the neuroaxis by systemic disease. CNS lymphomas are associated with limited prognosis even after aggressive multimodal therapy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have proven as a promising therapeutic avenue in hematological B-cell malignancies including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and mantle-cell lymphoma. CARs endow an autologous T-cell population with MHC-unrestricted effectivity against tumor target antigens such as the pan B-cell marker CD19. In PCNSL, compelling and long-lasting anti-tumor effects of such therapy have been shown in murine immunocompromised models. In clinical studies on CAR T-cells for CNS lymphoma, only limited data are available and often include both patients with PCNSL but also patients with secondary CNS lymphoma. Several clinical trials on CAR T-cell therapy for primary and secondary CNS lymphoma are currently ongoing. Extrapolated from the available preliminary data, an overall acceptable safety profile with considerable anti-tumor effects might be expected. Whether these beneficial anti-tumor effects are as long-lasting as in animal models is currently in doubt; and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of the brain may be among the most pivotal factors limiting efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in CNS lymphoma. Based on an increasing understanding of CAR T-cell interactions with the tumor cells as well as the cerebral tissue, modifications of CAR design or the combination of CAR T-cell therapy with other therapeutic approaches may aid to release the full therapeutic efficiency of CAR T-cells. CAR T-cells may therefore emerge as a novel treatment strategy in primary and secondary CNS lymphoma.

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23

Deak-Mihaly, Dalma, Sabina Iluta, Sergiu Pasca, Ciprian Jitaru, Andrei Roman, Alexandra Andries, Monica Padurariu-Covit, et al. "Ibrutinib Monotherapy as Bridge-to-Transplant for Relapsed/Refractory Primary Oculo-Cerebral Lymphoma." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 4483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194483.

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Introduction. Primary central nervous system lymphoma is an uncommon form of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, with increasing incidence, a relatively aggressive course and a poor 5-year survival. Because of its localization, the therapeutic compounds used in this disease must be able to pass through the blood-brain barrier. Chemotherapy regimens based on high-dose methotrexate are currently the standard of care for all patients who can tolerate such drugs. Autologous stem cell transplantation is indicated for malignant lymphomas in the relapsed/refractory setting. Methods. Three patients, with a median age of 60 years, range 53–64, were diagnosed with primary CNS lymphoma, and treated with ibrutinib monotherapy in the Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between September 2018 and November 2020 All the patients were relapsed–refractory following high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy. We present our experience using ibrutinib monotherapy-based treatment as a bridge-to-transplant option on a single-center case series and a review of the literature in this field. Results. Two of the patients were given ibrutinib as a second line therapy, both achieving complete remission and being eligible for an autologous stem cell transplantation. The third patient achieved a short remission using six cycles of systemic chemotherapy, but was started on ibrutinib monotherapy, with limited results. Conclusion. Our data is limited, and these results should be confirmed by multicentric clinical trials and should be regarded as a single-center case series, with all its limitations. Still, it brings forward a new therapeutic option for this rare subtype of malignant lymphomas, which if left untreated has a dismal prognosis.

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24

Nithya, V., N. C. Valaiyapathy, Dhamarcherla S. Hemalatha, Rallapeta Ramya Priya, D. Bhargavi, and Tekchand Kalawat. "Spectrum of [18F]FDG PET/CT Findings in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma – A Pictorial Essay." Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 39, no. 3 (May 2024): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_21_24.

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Abstract Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, aggressive variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Although gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging remains the initial imaging modality of choice, a whole-body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography is imperative to exclude systemic lymphomatous involvement. Furthermore, the metabolic parameter, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion, tumor-to-normal cerebral tissue SUVmax ratio, and FDG uptake patterns help in differentiating intracranial lymphomas from High-grade Glioblastoma Multiforme (HGM) and infectious lesions, and hence, consolidating the diagnosis. In this pictorial essay, we present a series of PCNSL cases, representing the different imaging characteristics and metabolic uptake patterns.

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25

Abul-Kasim, K., P. Maly, A. Strömbeck, J. Svensson, and P. C. Sundgren. "Perfusion Weighted MR Imaging May Differentiate Primary CNS Lymphoma from other Homogeneously Enhancing Brain Tumors." Neuroradiology Journal 21, no. 5 (October 2008): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090802100505.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and metastases may be difficult to differentiate based on conventional imaging alone. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) in differentiating homogeneously enhancing PCNSL from homogeneously enhancing GBM and metastases. Seven consecutive patients presenting with homogeneously enhancing intraaxial tumors on MRI were retrospectively analyzed. All seven patients (three immunocompetent patients with PCNSL, three with GBM, and one with cerebral metastases) were examined with identical MR-sequences including PWI. The relative regional Cerebral Blood Volume (rrCBV) and the rrCBV ratio (rrCBVratio) were calculated. In lymphomas rrCBVratio was 0.93 ± 0.42 (mean ± SD) compared with 7.93 ± 1.44 in GBM and metastases. All lymphomas had rrCBVratio < 1.43 while all GBM and metastases had rrCBVratio > 1.43 (Fischer exact test; p < 0.001). PWI may be a valuable method in differentiating homogenously enhancing PCNSL from GBM and metastases.

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26

Lokan, Julie, Laurence Galea, Ashwini Arumugaswamy, and Andrew Grigg. "Cerebral Hodgkin lymphoma causing leptomeningeal foam cell vasculopathy with cerebral infarction." Leukemia & Lymphoma 54, no. 6 (November 14, 2012): 1321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2012.738814.

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27

Moulignier, Antoine, Lionel Galicier, Jacqueline Mikol, Hélène Masson, Marc Molho, and Jean-Baptiste Thiebaut. "Primary cerebral lymphoma presenting as diffuse leukoencephalopathy." AIDS 17, no. 7 (May 2003): 1111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200305020-00032.

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28

Larkin, D. F. P., and P. Eustace. "Primary cerebral lymphoma presenting as corneal ulceration." Neuro-Ophthalmology 7, no. 3 (January 1987): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01658108709007444.

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29

Barker, P. R., J. S. Kwan, and J. P. Patten. "Primary cerebral lymphoma mimicking tuberculosis: case report." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 50, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.50.3.358.

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30

Spathis, Anna, Emma Morrish, Sara Booth, Ian E. Smith, and John M. Shneerson. "Selective circadian rhythm disturbance in cerebral lymphoma." Sleep Medicine 4, no. 6 (November 2003): 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-9457(03)00161-8.

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31

Khoo, V. S., and K. H. Liew. "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Related Primary Cerebral Lymphoma." Clinical Oncology 11, no. 1 (February 1999): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/clon.1999.9003.

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32

Matthews, G., P. Frith, F. Scaravilli, and R. F. Miller. "Ocular and fulminant cerebral lymphoma in AIDS." International Journal of STD & AIDS 10, no. 7 (July 1999): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462991914375.

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33

Castro-Rebollo, M., E. N. Vleming, P. Drake-Rodríguez, J. Benítez-Herreros, and C. Pérez-Rico. "Primary cerebral lymphoma diagnosed by the ophthalmologist." Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) 85, no. 1 (January 2010): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2173-5794(10)70007-4.

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34

Schebesch, Karl-Michael, Julius Hoehne, Christoph Hohenberger, Francesco Acerbi, Morgan Broggi, Martin Proescholdt, Christina Wendl, Markus J. Riemenschneider, and Alexander Brawanski. "Fluorescein sodium-guided surgery in cerebral lymphoma." Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 139 (December 2015): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2015.09.015.

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35

Woolf, A. S., and G. Conway. "Systemic lupus erythematosus and primary cerebral lymphoma." Postgraduate Medical Journal 63, no. 741 (July 1, 1987): 569–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.63.741.569.

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36

Alfandari, S., J. M. Bourez, E. Senneville, L. Maulin, and Y. Mouton. "Methotrexate for suspected cerebral lymphoma in AIDS." AIDS 12, no. 10 (July 1998): 1246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199810000-00020.

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37

Pepper, Niklas Benedikt, Michael Oertel, Gabriele Reinartz, Khaled Elsayad, Dominik Alexander Hering, Fatih Yalcin, Moritz Wildgruber, et al. "Involved-Site Radiation Therapy Enables Effective Disease Control in Parenchymal Low-Grade Primary Cerebral Lymphoma." Cancers 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2023): 5564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235564.

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Background: Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (PCNSL) encompasses a variety of lymphoma subtypes, with the majority being diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, which require aggressive systemic treatment. In contrast, low-grade lymphomas are reported infrequently and are mostly limited to dural manifestations. Very rarely, parenchymal low-grade PCNSL is diagnosed, and the cases documented in the literature show a wide variety of treatment approaches. Methods: We screened all cases of PCNSL treated at our department (a tertiary hematooncology and neurooncology center) in the last 15 years and conducted a comprehensive literature research in the PubMed database. Results: Overall, two cases of low-grade primary parenchymal PCNSL treated with irradiation were identified. The dose prescriptions ranged from 30.6 to 36 Gy for the involved site, with sparing of the hippocampal structures. Both patients had an excellent response to the treatment with a mean follow-up of 20 months. No clinical or radiological signs of treatment toxicity were detected. Conclusions: Our analysis corroborates the results from the literature and demonstrates that parenchymal low-grade PCNSL shows a good response to localized radiation treatment, enabling a favorable outcome while avoiding long-term treatment toxicity.

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38

Donnou, Sabrina, Rym Ben Abdelwahed-Bagga, Jérémie Cosette, Hanane Ouakrim, Lucile Crozet, Alexandra Jacquet, Wolf Herman Fridman, et al. "Ublituximab (TGTX-1101), a Novel, Third-Generation Anti-CD20 Antibody Demonstrates Enhanced Antitumor Activity Compared to Rituximab in Primary CNS and Intraocular Lymphoma Murine Models." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2755.2755.

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Abstract Abstract 2755 Background: Primary Central Nervous lymphomas (PCNSL), that comprise primary cerebral lymphoma (PCL) and primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), are typically CD20+ diffuse large B-cell lymphomas that have no detectable disease outside the brain or eye. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 antibody, has demonstrated encouraging clinical benefit in systemic B-cell lymphomas as well as PCL and PIOL, however, the role of RTX in treatment of PCNSL/PIOL remains controversial, and these highly aggressive malignancies are often incurable with available therapies. Therefore, additional treatment options are needed. Ublituximab (UTX) is a novel, glycoengineered chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that has a high affinity for FcγRIIIa (CD16) receptors, and therefore greater ADCC activity than RTX (Le Garff-Tavernier et al., 2011). Herein, we assess the antitumor effects of UTX compared to RTX in murine models of PCL and PIOL. Methods: The murine lymphoma B-cell line A20.IIA-GFP-hCD20 (H-2d) was injected into the right cerebral striatum (PCL model) or the vitreous (PIOL model) of adult BALB/c mice (H-2d); 7 days later, single doses of UTX were injected either into the tumor site intracerebrally (PCL) or intravitreously (PIOL), or at distance of the tumor site (intrathecally, PCL). RTX was used as a reference compound. Survival was monitored for injected mice for up to 100 days, and flow cytometric analyses were performed to assess tumor growth and T-cell infiltration. Results: In PCL and PIOL models, single doses of UTX had a marked antitumor effect more pronounced than that obtained with an equivalent dose of RTX. In the PCL model, there was an overall survival (OS) advantage with intracerebral injections of UTX compared to RTX (50% vs. 10%, n=10 in each group, p=0.0028). The reduction in tumor cells was correlated with an increased proportion of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, intrathecal injections of UTX increased OS compared to buffer solution. In the PIOL model, the absolute number of tumor cells analyzed 8 days after treatment had decreased more significantly (p=0.027) with UTX compared to the RTX group. This finding again confirmed the superiority of UTX in this setting. Conclusions: These results confirm that the novel, third-generation mAb, UTX has a sustained and greater antitumor effect than RTX on primary cerebral and intraocular lymphomas when assessed in vivo. Additional experiments evaluating the combination of UTX + methotrexate are ongoing. Clinical trials to evaluate UTX as an innovative therapeutic approach to treat primary cerebral and intraocular B-cell lymphomas are currently being evaluated. Disclosures: Jacquet: LFB Biotechnologies: Employment. Fridman:LFB Biotechnologies: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Sportelli:TG Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Urbain:LFB Biotechnologies: Employment.

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39

Hensel, M., A. Goetzenich, N. Hanhoff, E. Wolf, H. Knechten, and F. Mosthaf. "Cancer incidence in HIV-positive patients in Germany: A nation-wide survey from 2000 to 2007." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e22115-e22115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22115.

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e22115 Background: Malignancies are an essential feature of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The purpose of this study was to gather data on the epidemiology of AIDS-defining (AD) and non-AIDS-defining (NAD) malignancies in HIV-positive patients (pts) in Germany in the past decade. Methods: Study centers (all HIV-specialty clinics and ambulatory care centers in Germany, all members of the German association of medical oncologists in private practice) were contacted annually between 2000 and 2007 and asked to respond to a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire requested information on all malignancies in HIV-positive pts, tumor stage, CDC (Center for Disease Control)-stage of the HIV infection, sex, treatment and clinical course. Results: 111 centers participated in the evaluation and provided 552 evaluable data sets from 542 pts. 89% of cases were male. The majority of pts had advanced HIV-disease (CDC stage C3), but the proportion of pts with stage C3 decreased from 58% in 2000 to 36.8% in 2007. 253 (45.8%) were AD as follows: 132 Kaposi Sarcomas, 109 aggressive B-cell lymphomas, 12 invasive cervix carcinomas. The B-cell lymphomas further included 28 Burkitt's lymphomas, 30 DLBCL, 9 Castleman diseases, 8 primary cerebral lymphomas. Among the 299 cases (54.2%) of NAD malignomas were 213 solid tumors including 71 anal carcinomas (= 33.5% of all NAD malignancies) and 85 hemoblastoses including 29 Hodgkin lymphomas (= 9.6% of all NAD malignancies). The high proportion of NAD malignancies has remained constant over all observation periods, as well as the relative incidence of most of the different subentities. Interestingly, only 1 of 8 primary cerebral lymphomas has been reported after 2001. The number of pts with Hodgkin's lymphoma has increased constantly from 2000 to 2007. Conclusions: Our observations show a high incidence of NAD malignomas over the past 8 years in Germany. Anal carcinomas and Hodgkin's lymphomas in particular were markedly more prevalent in our HIV-positive cohort compared to published reports of the general population. The incidence of primary cerebral lymphomas seems to decrease, whereas the incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma is increasing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Kohno, Shohei, Ryo Omae, Aiko Shinko, and Kazuya Takahashi. "ML-3 A Case of Primary Central Nervous System Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Positive Anaplastic Large cell Lymphoma at Neurohypophysis and Pineal Gland." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_6 (December 1, 2021): vi23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab159.086.

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Abstract The majority of primary central nerve system (CNS) lymphomas (PCNSL) are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) that is a type of T-cell tumor is very rare in the PCNSL. ALCLs are divided into two entities: anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive and ALK-negative. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a one month historyof headache and nausea. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed pituitary and pineal gland mass diagnosed as ALK-positive ALCL by endoscopic brain biopsy. She underwent chemotherapy following methotrexate (MTX) and cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin + vincristine + prednisolone (CHOP). The follow-up contrast-enhanced brain MRI showed no recurrent lesion after chemotherapy. In previous reports, most of the lesions were in cerebral hemisphere, dura mater and spinal cord. Many of these patients were given primary diagnoses of meningitis. To our knowledge, there is no case report of initial diagnosis of germinoma due to lesions in Neurohypophysis and pineal gland as in this case.

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Grimm, Sean, and Marc Chamberlain. "Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Review of Neurologic Complications." Advances in Hematology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/624578.

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Hodgkin's lymphoma is a hematolymphoid neoplasm, primarily of B cell lineage, that has unique histologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features. Neurologic complications of Hodgkin's Lymphoma can be separated into those that result directly from the disease, indirectly from the disease, or from its treatment. Direct neurologic dysfunction from Hodgkin's Lymphoma results from metastatic intracranial spinal disease, epidural metastases causing spinal cord/cauda equina compression, leptomeningeal metastases, or intradural intramedullary spinal cord metastases. Indirect neurologic dysfunction may be caused by paraneoplastic disorders (such as paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration or limbic encephalitis) and primary angiitis of the central nervous system. Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment typically includes chemotherapy or radiotherapy with potential treatment-related complications affecting the nervous system. Neurologic complications resulting from mantle-field radiotherapy include the “dropped head syndrome,” acute brachial plexopathy, and transient ischemic attacks/cerebral infarcts. Chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma may cause cerebral infarction (due to emboli from anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy) and peripheral neuropathy.

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Roka, Yam Bahadur, Narayani Roka, and Mohan Karki. "Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Presenting as a Skull Metastases: Case Report." Eastern Green Neurosurgery 3, no. 01 (August 8, 2021): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/egn.v3i01.38979.

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The incidence of cerebral metastases has increased over the last few decades mainly due to the successful treatment of extra neural cancers and the prolonged survival of patients. The common causes of metastases are lung, kidney, breast and thyroid cancers. We present an interesting case of cerebral metastases that was managed as cerebral abscess, then as lung metastases before finally arriving to the correct diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.

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Jagannathan, Geetha, Guldeep Uppal, Kevin Judy, and Mark T. Curtis. "Cerebral Amyloidoma Resulting from Central Nervous System Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Review." Case Reports in Pathology 2018 (June 26, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5083234.

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Cerebral amyloidomas are rare cerebral mass lesions often associated with significant morbidity. Cerebral amyloid accumulation can be the result of a number of disease states and it is crucial for proper patient care to identify the pathogenic process leading to amyloidoma formation. Low grade clonal B-cell processes are one cause of cerebral amyloidomas. We report a case of an 87-year-old woman who presented with a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated cerebral amyloidoma complicated by cerebral hemorrhage, discuss the proper workup of this disease entity, and present a review of the literature on this topic.

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Hon, Charmaine, Wing Y. Au, and Tony W. Shek. "Intraocular lymphoma as a masquerade syndrome complicating cerebral lymphoma of the corpus callosum." Annals of Hematology 84, no. 3 (November 19, 2004): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-004-0975-3.

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Otsuka, Yuki, Hideharu Hagiya, Yasuhiro Nakano, Ryu Kimura, Kentaro Fujii, and Fumio Otsuka. "HIV‐associated cerebral lymphoma in an elderly patient." Geriatrics & Gerontology International 21, no. 5 (April 4, 2021): 435–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ggi.14159.

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Maiuri, Francesco. "Primary Cerebral Lymphoma Presenting as Steroidresponsive Chiasmal Syndrome." British Journal of Neurosurgery 1, no. 4 (January 1987): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02688698708999643.

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Ng, Ho Keung, Stephen T. H. Lo, Christopher Y. F. Poon, and W. S. Poon. "Primary cerebral T-cell lymphoma: a case report." British Journal of Neurosurgery 2, no. 4 (January 1988): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02688698809029609.

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Coakham, Hugh. "Review of the literature on primary cerebral lymphoma." British Journal of Neurosurgery 7, no. 3 (January 1993): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02688699309023820.

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Kuwabara, Yasuo, Yuichi Ichiya, Makoto Otsuka, Yoshinori Miyake, Ranjan Gunasekera, Kanehiro Hasuo, Kouji Masuda, Iwao Takeshita, and Hitoshi Fukui. "High [18F]FDG Uptake in Primary Cerebral Lymphoma." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 12, no. 1 (January 1988): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004728-198801000-00008.

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Tan, E. K., L. L. Chan, A. P. Auchus, and M. C. Wong. "Reversible Choreoathetosis in Primary Cerebral Lymphoma: Clinicoradiologic Correlation." European Neurology 50, no. 1 (2003): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000070859.

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