Academic literature on the topic 'Céramiques optiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Céramiques optiques"
Gautier, J. "Centres de production et échanges céramiques dans les Cyclades (apport de la microscopie optique)." Revue d'Archéométrie 14, no. 1 (1990): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arsci.1990.883.
Full textMorin-Rivat, Julie. "Des arbres et des hommes : nouvelles perspectives sur les relations entre l’Homme et son environnement dans les forêts humides d’Afrique centrale à l’Holocène récent." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 335 (March 15, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2018.335.a31501.
Full text"L’industrie du zirconium, tout made in France." Revue Générale Nucléaire, no. 6 (November 2020): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20206042.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Céramiques optiques"
Bai, Xue. "Verres et céramiques de chalcogénures pour applications en optiques actives." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S120/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to develop materials for efficient frequency conversion. Two types of materials were studied. The first type relates to materials for frequency doubling by using second harmonic generation. We selected chalcogenide glass ceramics GeS₂+βGeS₂ and Ge₂₀Sb₁₂S₆₈+Cds for this study with a low difference of refractive index between the glass phase and the crystals. These ceramics were synthesized by melt-quenching technique and by combination of mechanical milling and Spark Plasma Sintering. The obtained glass ceramics have a high compactness greater than 99.9%. The optical losses due to scattering, particularly at shorter wavelengths, must be further improved before measurement of second harmonic generation. This new synthesis technique also allowed the manufacture of chalcogenide glasses which have a strong tendency to crystallize. The example was given by the synthesis of the glass Ge₁₅Ga₂₀S₆₅, located outside of the glass forming region determined by using the conventional melt-quenching method. The second type of the studied materials was related to luminescent materials with broadband absorption and emission. Transition metal ions, Fe, Ni and Mn, and divalent rare earth ion Eu were selected for its electronic transitions involving d-shell electrons. Wide and intense emissions were obtained with Eu²⁺ ions in CaS/ZnS and SrS/ZnS ceramics. The FWHM may exceed 100 nm. It has been demonstrated that the position of the emission strongly depends on the chemical environment of Eu²⁺ ions. In order to continuously adjust the position of the emission, thin films containing different Sr/Ca ratios were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Wide and adjustable emissions were obtained
Reillon, Vincent. "Caractérisation et modélisation des propriétés optiques et colorimétriques des céramiques lustrées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00374766.
Full textParmi les phénomènes entrant en jeu, on retrouve des effets d'absorption plasmon, des effets d'interférences et des effets de diffusion. Par ailleurs, des effets d'interférences en dehors de la direction spéculaire ont été mis en évidence. Le travail de modélisation a consisté à développer la simulation de ces effets d'interférence hors spéculaire puis à intégrer dans un même modèle les effets listés précédemment ayant la particularité d'intervenir à des échelles différentes et d'être décrits par des modèles spécifiques. Les spectres obtenus avec le modèle ainsi développé reproduisent les effets de couleur observés.
Enfin, le travail de caractérisation effectué sur plus de 200 échantillons provenant de toutes les époques et des principaux centres de production a permis pour la première fois d'obtenir une vue globale de l'ensemble de la production de céramiques lustrées et de mettre en avant des pistes de réflexion sur l'évolution de la technique et le savoir faire des potiers de l'époque.
Durand, Guillaume. "Élaboration de céramiques transparentes de CaLa₂S₄ pour applications optiques dans l'infrarouge." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S155.
Full textThis work focuses on the elaboration of CaLa₂S₄ transparent ceramics for IR optical applications in the MWIR and LWIR atmospheric windows. Various synthesis methods were explored for the elaboration of high purity cubic ceramic powders with adequate morphology for densification. As a result, we developed an innovative combustion method of this material. Different sintering techniques were investigated: Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), Hot Pressing (HP) and Sintering in sulfurizing atmosphere (H₂S) combined to Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). Hot Pressing produces IR transparent ceramics. However, their optical properties are affected by the presence of absorption bands and significant blackening due to the interaction of the material with the graphite. These two issues have been solved by using sintering coupled to post-HIP. Transmission of the optics obtained by this process reaches the theoretical transmission of 68 % at 13μm
Choucair, Sarkis. "Élaboration, dopage et caractérisations de matériaux types PMN-PT et PZN-PT à activités piézo-électriques, électro-optique et acousto-optiques géantes." Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0017/these.pdf.
Full textThis research work studies the nonlinear behavior of rhombohedral ceramics PMN-25PT and single crystals PZN-4. 5PT under compressive uniaxial stress. These materials are used for various sensing and actuation applications and act as smart materials. The stability of the characteristics of these materials under the influence of external pressures is one of the characteristics sought for these materials. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a model for the study of the switched domains and the variation of the microscopic polarization versus the applied mechanical stress, and to model this depolarization by applying the Maxwell Boltzmann statistics
Dupont, Agnès. "Nouveaux matériaux pour sources ou amplificateurs laser : les céramiques transparentes laser." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12835.
Full textHakmeh, Noha. "Élaboration et caractérisation de luminophores et céramiques optiques IR à base d’(oxy)sulfures." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S052/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the elaboration of phosphors (La₂O₂S:Er,Yb, La₂O₂S:Nd, Lu₂O₂S:Nd, CaLa₂S₄:Nd) and optical IR ceramics (ZnS and CaLa₂S₄). First, the routes for the synthesis of high purity powders have been developed, mainly by combustion method followed by H₂S(/N₂) treatment. La₂O₂S:Er, Yb nanopowders (50-200 nm) proved to be very efficient phosphors for up-conversion. La₂O₂S: Nd nanopowders (~250 nm) have a laser effect with a 2.5 mJ output energy and a yield higher than 15%. The densification by hot pressing of ZnS powders prepared following three synthesis routes (precipitation, combustion synthesis and reaction melt) has developed ZnS transparent ceramic of CVD‐HIP quality, with maximum transmission greater than 73% at 12μm (from powders obtained by precipitation) and with the theoretical maximum transmission of 75% at 10μm (from powders obtained by combustion). Hot pressing of CaLa₂S₄ powders, between 1100°C and 1300°C, leads to IR opaque ceramics with black color, due to carbon diffusion from the sintering matrix and/or to sulfur loss. CaLa₂S₄ as new phosphor matrix material tolerates high Nd doping level. After excitation at 815 nm, it shows two intense emissions at 900 nm and 1060 nm, and a lower transmission at 1350nm with a luminescence intensity that increases up to 10% (mol) Nd
Monteiro, Charlotte. "Obtention de céramiques polycristallines transparentes à propriétés optiques par cristallisation complète et orientée du verre." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE3033.
Full textMaterials showing long-lasting luminescence properties can be seen as « optical batteries ». Indeed, they can be charged by an optical excitation source and discharged with the emission of visible light. One of the major challenges long-lasting phosphors are facing is the synthesis of fully crystallized and transparent materials, which would enable an optical emission in the entire volume of the sample. Recently, the CEMHTI laboratory has developed an innovative synthesis process to obtain transparent ceramics: the full crystallization from a parent glass. This approach was used all along this work in order to synthetize new crystalline materials showing long-lasting luminescence properties. Three pseudo-binary systems have been studied: SrAl2O4-SrAl2Si2O8, BaAl2O4-BaAl2Si2O8 and CaAl2O4-CaAl2Si2O8. Among the principal results, it has been shown that Sr1-x/2Al2-xSixO4 and Ba1-x/2Al2-xSixO4 solid-solutions enable the modulation of long-lasting luminescence properties compared to those of their parent materials, respectively SrAl2O4 and BaAl2O4. Moreover, two transparent and biphasic ceramics, composed of the two new Ba1-x/2Al2-xSixO4 and Ba1+x/2Al2+xSi2-xO8 solid-solutions, were synthetized. Finally, the study of a particular composition close to CaAl2Si2O8 showed the possibility to stabilize a new crystalline phase located in the volume of the sample using an original crystallization process caused by the nucleating agent role played by europium. This last result reinforces the interest of the CaAl2O4-CaAl2Si2O8 pseudo-binary system in order to further synthetize large transparent ceramics via glass crystallization
Chrétien, Lucie. "Relations entre le procédé céramique et les propriétés optiques de céramiques transparentes de type YAG-Nd : rôle des étapes de mise en forme et frittage." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0041.
Full textSince 90’s, transparent Nd:YAG ceramics have received considerable attention as applications as amplifying media of high-power lasers. Contrary to single crystals, commonly used currently for these applications, ceramics can be fabricated into large size with complicated architectures. However, it appears that the transparency and the laser efficiency of ceramics are strongly affected by residual porosity generating light scattering. In this context, in a first step, this study focused to determine mechanisms controlling porosity evolution of Nd:YAG ceramics at each step of process in order to eliminate this one. This work showed that the residual porosity may have various origins, and result in particular of initial powder characteristics and/or reactive-sintering which can induce under certain conditions at a phenomenon of separation pore/grain boundary. In a second step, this study has shown that the use of a fine and few agglomerate alumina powder, a shaping process with pressure slip-casting and CIP and finally the use of a sinter plus Hot Isostatic Pressing technique achieved Nd:YAG transparent ceramics with homogeneous microstructure and laser quality
Bertrand, Anthony. "Verres, vitrocéramiques et céramiques à base de TeO₂ pour l'optique." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0086/document.
Full textIn order to provide an answer to the growing need in means of communication, the research is pushed towards the development of all-optical or electro-optical systems for fast detection, storage or transfer of information. Meanwhile, the actual systems suffers from “long” time-response (10-9 to 10-10 s) compared to those based on nonlinear optical phenomena such as Second Harmonic Generation (SHG). Amongst a wide choice of nonlinear optical materials, TeO2-based glasses are interesting candidates because of their high nonlinear response (50 times that of silica) and their high optical transparency in the visible and near-IR range. Moreover, glasses exhibit essential qualities for the development of such systems : low cost, ease of fabrication and a wide range of chemical composition compared to single crystals. Yet, the lack of second order nonlinear susceptibility in glassy materials because of their isotropy makes them incapable to generate the frequency-doubling of a light beam. Thus, this PhD thesis consisted in the elaboration of transparent glass-ceramics by in situ crystallization or incorporation of non-centrosymmetric crystals (which generates SHG) using non-conventional technics, the tellurite glasses studied showing evidence of surface crystallization due to heterogeneous nucleation. Finally, we also investigated the elaboration of transparent TeO2-based ceramics by congruent crystallization of glass
Vitupier, Yann. "Etude et mise au point de substrats de miroirs ultra légers et hyperstables revêtus d'un dépôt polissable pour application aux télescopes spatiaux." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20168.
Full textBooks on the topic "Céramiques optiques"
SIMON, Guilhem, ed. Spectroscopies vibrationnelles. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.9782813002556.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Céramiques optiques"
Colomban, Philippe. "Nano-optique, céramiques et verres nano-structurés, des pratiques millénaires." In Regards croisés: quand les sciences archéologiques rencontrent l'innovation, 99–122. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.3792.
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