Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Céramique métallisée'
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VALAUD, MIREILLE. "Liaison céramique-métal : comportement en frottement à sec de matériaux céramiques déposés sur un substrat métallique." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0048.
Full textHarajli, Zeinab. "Synthesis, characterisation and thermal evaluation of a new generation of metalised ceramic materials." Thesis, Lyon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYSEI016.
Full textEfficient thermal management is often considered a key step towards a successful technological system. The fast removal of excess heat from electronic systems exposed to temperature extremes improves the reliability and prevents the premature failure of these systems. Nowadays, the usual approaches to evacuate heat and maintain the system at the desired temperature consist in using a semiconductor heat sink or a complex fan speed control system that relies on continuous temperature measurement. However, the optimization of a highly efficient semiconductor heat sink requires the control of diverse intrinsic and extrinsic properties at different scales because the macroscopic thermal flow and heat transport depend on microscopic vibrational properties. Besides, widespread use of highly efficient semiconductor heat sinks requires the ability to metalize them and form multilayer structures. Due to its high phonon group velocities, Aluminium Nitride (AlN) appears to be one of the best candidates for the manufacturing of efficient semiconductor heat sinks. In this PhD. thesis work, we intend to develop a new substrate technology Metal/AlN/Metal structures with high thermal diffusivity for integrated power systems for high-temperature applications (>300°C). This PhD. Aims at developing highly efficient, integrated and reliable power electronics technologies operating at high temperatures for automotive, aeronautic, and energy applications
Allard, Yves. "L'empress : une nouvelle céramique sans armature." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1Z162.
Full textAlachkar, Sawssan. "La céramique au Bronze Ancien du Khabur à la vallée de l'Euphrate : la céramique métallique et les catégories apparentées." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010579.
Full textThis thesis is a study of the so-called "metallic ware" pottery of the Early Bronze Age in northern Mesopotamia (3rd millennium BC). After a detailed overview of research history and terminological problems, all these high-quality ceramics were grouped into three related categories: North Mesopotamian Metallic Ware, Red Euphrates Ware and Black Euphrates Ware. By applying a uniform descriptive system to a corpus of 446 complete vessels, it was possible to define the morphological and stylistic traits of these categories. Analysis of the geographical distribution (2 605 vessels) revealed some differences between the four main regions: the Khabur, Balikh, Syrian Euphrates and Turkish Euphrates. Examination of finds contexts (1 456 vessels) showed no particular relationships between vessel type or sub-type and domestic, public or burial contexts. The chronological study (1 231 vessels), based on 21 sites with reliable stratigraphic sequences, provided evidence for the appearance and duration of the three ceramic categories. These results rectify, confirm or complement earlier research on chronological questions. North Mesopotamian Metallic Ware could thus be seen as reflecting the appearance in the upper Euphrates of a new tradition of pottery manufacture, implying a new mastery of firing techniques that one is tempted to relate to the onset of bronze metallurgy in this same region
Charmond, Sylvain. "Développement d'un four micro-ondes monomode et frittage de poudres céramique et métallique." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0115.
Full textFor almost 30 years, microwave processing has been applied to sinter various ceramic powders, and most recently to sinter metallic powdered parts. However, such heating process, which results from the absorption of an oscillating electromagnetic field, remains not fully understood. A single-mode microwave cavity was developed for a better understanding of the microwave/material interactions. In this furnace, the green parts can be heated up under predominent electric or magnetic field. A new microwave heating procedure was proposed to control a thermal cycle. Microwave sintering of ceramic (yttria-doped zirconia 2Y-TZP) and metallic (pure nickel) powders was compared to conventional processing. The effects of the electromagnetic field on the kinetics of densification and on the microstructure development were analysed and discussed
Chahid, Youssef. "Application en catalyse hétérogène et en électrocatalyse d'un dépôt métallique sur une membrane céramique." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2322.
Full textJaffrelot, Marie-France. "Difficultés et erreurs de la prothèse céramo-métallique." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR20041.
Full textChabanne, Delhia. "Le Décor de lustre métallique des céramiques glaçurées (IXème - XVIIème siècles) : matériaux, couleurs et techniques : principales étapes de diffusion d'une invention mésopotamienne." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30058.
Full textThe metallic lustre of glazed ceramics is a very special type of decoration where metallic copper and silver nanoparticles embedded in glaze compose lustre decoration. It can present "red", "brown", "ochre yellow" or "green" colours in scattered light but shows, in specular reflection, coloured metallic shines (blue, golden, yellow, orange, pink. . . ). The technique of lustre decoration applied to the the glazed ceramics appears to the ninth century AD in Mesopotamia. It spread to Egypt (XIth-XIIth AD), Syria (XIIth-XIIIth AS), Persia (XIIIth AD) and Spain (XIIIth-XVIIth AD) during medieval times. The aim of this study is to understand lusterware spreading. In order to light technological evolution in principal workshpos, analytical investigations were performed on ceramics (texture and composition), glazes (colour, texture and compostion) and lustre decoration (colour and composition). Conclusions are : change of ceramic nature (terracotta, protostonepaste and stonepaste), losing of polychrome lustre decoration, in fact, potters will use colored glazes and other decorations (turquoise and blue), losing of color diversity for lustre decoration (scattered light and colored metallic shines), use of copper more important than silver in Orient since XIth AD and in Spain as early as XVth AD. . Moreover, change of nanotexture decoration between the beginning (IXth AD) and the end (XVIIth AD) of this production can explain the "surface metallization" for last productions
Leone, Anaïs. "Revêtements au lustre métallique dans l'architecture religieuse et funéraire de l'Iran Ilkhânide (1256-1335)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/211122_LEONE_737y812yyedr752wxnmi508jgy_TH.pdf.
Full textThe production of Kashan's luster ceramic workshops (Central Iran) boomed during the Ilkhanid period (1256-1335). Luster tiles played an important role within a larger repertory of the decorative schemes in the architecture developed during the reign of this Mongol dynasty. Regrettably, the removal of Ilkhanid-period luster tiles from their original location occurred in most sites and tiled ensembles that remain in situ are now exceedingly rare. Indeed, the stripping of an important number of buildings led to the arrival of thousands of tiles of unidentified or incomplete provenance in public and private collections. Therefore, each tile provides context about its creation but also about the removal of its original walls. Considering tile revetments could clarify issues concerning the forms, functions, and significations of the original decorative schemes.This study formulates new proposals about the luster tilework in nine ilkhanid religious and funerary monuments. These reconstitutions are based on data collected at surviving monuments and on an inventory of surviving luster elements preserved throughout the world. By cross-referencing of these two types of information it is possible to unite formerly isolated elements. These ensembles, more coherent as a whole, allows to investigate some general topics of the Ilkhanid period. These original decorative scheme are fundamental to identify typologies, epigraphic choices, or the presence of specific motifs on these architectural programs.Further investigations will be required to complete and increase our knowledge. Nevertheless, these propositions provide data and analyzes which instigate new approaches to these pieces
Billot-Bride, Magalie. "Le Bronze moyen dans la plaine du Rhin supérieur : étude typochronologique du mobilier métallique et céramique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG036.
Full textThe renewal of documentation about the preventive archaeology dynamism, as well as the systematic recovery of datas from old or unpublished excavations have resulted in a fresh perspective at the Middle Bronze Age of the upper Rhine’s south plain. The corpus, joined in this work, gives varied datas (metallic, resinous objects, pottery), from various sources (settlements, graves, deposits, isolated objects), which is not limited to Haguenau’s cemeteries, anymore. Metallic materials and pottery had been examined individually. The determined typology, combined with statistical analysis show seven stages since the end of the Early Bronze Age (BA III/Bz A2b) to the beginning of Late Bronze Age (BF 1/Bz D2). The middle phase of the Middle Bronze Age (end of BM I-beginning of BM II/Bz B2-C1) remains uncleared and seems not to be in the Upper Rhine. The correlation with well-known absolute dates in the Upper Rhine comes to a time interval between 1600 and 1300 Before J-C, approximately. During the first stage, the interactions are located in the South of Baden-Württemberg, in the Swabian Alb and in the western Switzerland. Then, interactions continue to intensify, become more diverses towards the North, near the Middle Rhine
Sapardanis, Hélène. "Fissuration à l’interface d’un revêtement plasma céramique et d’un substrat métallique sous sollicitations dynamique et quasi-statique multiaxiales." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM033/document.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript aims to investigate the growth of an interfacial flaw, whose geometry is known, under macroscopic shear loading. An experimental methodology is thus developed in which i) a ceramic/metal coated system with controlled interface roughness is processed, ii) an interfacial flaw is introduced using the laser shock technique, iii) a macroscopic shear loading is applied on the coated system using a biaxial in-plane testing device and iv) interfacial crack growth and buckling are measured in situ. Hence, both dynamic and quasi-static loadings are applied on the coated system by respectively the laser shock technique and biaxial testing. The interface roughness, which affects the crack growth, is also considered in the study. A pure alumina coating is deposited by air plasma spraying on a metallic substrate, polycrystalline cobalt base superalloy Haynes 188 and stainless steel 304L substrates, with no bond coat.First, the flaw resulting from the propagation of a laser shock wave has been analyzed according to the laser parameters and the interface roughness. An interfacial flaw is characterized by a circular delamination with a diameter of a few millimeters and a circular blister with a height of a few tens of micrometers. These characteristic dimensions have been measured thanks to non destructive techniques: 3D profilometry and image analysis based on optical observations and infrared thermography. A finite element analysis has been carried out to investigate the crack behavior under laser shock wave propagation using a cohesive contact to account for the interface behavior.The interfacial flaw growth under macroscopic shear loading has been characterized with optical observations and the digital image stereo-correlation technique. The related finite element analysis enabled to identify the local loading along the crack front and gave a first explanation about the shapes of the delaminated area observed experimentally. This analysis relies on a cohesive zone model whose applied boundary conditions are established from the displacements measured by digital image correlation technique. By this way, the delamination growth was revealed to be mostly driven by local shear (mode II and III) and the crack opening (mode I), induced by the buckling of the deposited layer and the macroscopic shear, makes the delamination growth easier. Finally, the influence of the macroscopic shear loading on the interfacial delamination has been studied from three different macroscopic shear loadings. The finite element analysis based on linear elastic fracture mechanics in a homogenous material has allowed to study the influence of the macroscopic shear loading on the local loading along the crack front
Saif, Gausseem. "Mise au point et caractérisation de couches intermédiaires permettant l'accrochage entre un alliage métallique et une céramique projetée plasma." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1496_gsaif.pdf.
Full textDrira-Halouani, Raja. "Etudes mécanique et microstructurale des composites à matrice nickel et renforts particulaires de céramiques (Al2O3,SiO2,NiO)." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT023G.
Full textBobin, Olivier. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules de cuivre et d'argent dans des matrices silicatées : application aux archéomatériaux : céramiques glaçurées à décor de lustre métallique du IXème siècle : Grande Mosquée de Kairouan-Tunisie." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30065.
Full textMichaud, Bernard. "Etude de l'orientation de fibres céramiques sous champ magnétique : application à l'élaboration de matériaux composites à matrice métallique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169119.
Full textAbgrall, Serge. "Mesure des forces de frettage sur un cylindre métallique émaillé, par diffraction des rayons X et par indentations Vickers." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT006G.
Full textMercurin, Romuald. "Les Alpes-Maritimes à l'âge du bronze et au début de l'âge du fer : bilan documentaire critique, mobilier céramique et métallique, dynamiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0437.
Full textThe purpose of this study is first and foremost to draught a critical documentary record of the archaeological data relating to the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age (c. 2100-600 BC) in the extreme South-East of France. In the light of the recent renewal of research on the Bronze Age in Provence, the revision of ceramic and metal wares makes it possible to propose drafts of typochronologies which, with some radiometric measurements, form the base from which the chronology of the 184 sites selected can be realized. The numerous uncertainties related to the nature of the documentation, as well as the still low chronological resolution for the period and the space considered, permit only a limited statistical processing of the data.The results obtained nevertheless offer the possibility to establish an updated chronological framework and to address the question of the dynamics that characterize the ancient Protohistory in this space located at the hinge of the Italian and Provencal cultures, be it the organization and the evolution of settlement patterns, the identification of possible channels of communication, the bases on which the economy was founded, or the nature and evolution of funeral practices and symbolic aspects. Ultimately, the resulting trends combined with the cultural components of the ceramic and metal wares allow to propose a scenario of chrono-cultural evolution and to identify a "Liguro-Provençal" entity relaying, to different degrees and in different directions depending on the period, influences from both Mediterranean France, Italy and north-western Alpine area
Li, Xiaolei. "Revêtements à base de titane de substrats plans d'oxydes céramiques (silice, alumine et mullite) : interaction revêtement-matrice métallique (Al, Ti)." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10129.
Full textTingaud, David. "Contribution au contrôle du frittage SHS de composites à matrice intermétallique et de céramiques de type oxyde." Limoges, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIMOA001.
Full textKremer, Arnaud. "Étude du choix structurel d’outils coupants en diamant revetu ou polycristallin massif pour l’usinage compétitif et environnemental des composites à matrice métallique et renfort céramique particulaire (CMMP AI/SiC. )." Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENAM0009.
Full textThe objective of this work is to study the machinability of CMMP as a structural material in substitution for refractory alloys and to understand the mechanisms generating dust related to their dry machining. The different levels of reinforcement of CMM (5, 15, 25, 35% of SiCp) and the variety of PCD tools and nanostructured diamond coatings studied, assessed in a first step the structural choice of tools in relationship with the industrial feasibility of their use in high speed dry machining of CMM Al / SiC. The feasibility study and recommendation tool were made taking into account different criteria: the energy, the structural and environmental quality. Damage modes and the performance of cutting tools have been observed and analyzed in tests of wear and durability. The presence of adhesive wear mode followed by an abrasive consumption interface increases the importance of the structure of the tool (homogeneity, multiple interfaces. . . ) The dust emission is finally analyzed in terms of structural modification of the composite material (heat treatment) and the reinforcement rate. Environmental sustainability of its machining is also assessed by an analysis of tool life. The process of dust generation is strongly related to tools behaviour, and the predominance of friction phenomena that arise at the tool / chip interface
Demeyer, Floriane. "Élaboration d’un matériau composite à matrice carbone/hétéroélément métallique par MOCVD/MOCVI." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0359.
Full textCeramic matrix composites (CMC) are commonly used materials for the aeronautics and space industry. The aim of this work is the fabrication of a carbon matrix composite containing a metal heteroelement (M) incorporated from chemical vapour route.Co-deposits were made from metal organic precursors (MO) by chemical vapour deposition (CVD or MOCVD) on plane and filamentary substrates in the M-O-C system. Deposition kinetics, chemical composition, chemical bonding nature and crystallographic structure of the deposits were characterized from different process parameters (temperature, pressure, flow and gas phase composition).A metal organic precursor and an appropriate liquid precursor carrying technology as direct liquid injection (DLI) have been selected. Porous substrates were infiltrated from chemical vapour infiltration (CVI or MOCVI). Infiltration parameters were investigated and a M O C infiltration prediction model was defined thanks to samples with model pores
Ikhloufi, Ahmed El. "Contribution à l'étude des contraintes à l'interface céramo-métallique Ni-Cr (Mo, Si) / SiO2Al2O3K2O : influence des conditions de préparation de recuit et de dépôts multiples." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT016G.
Full textBressolles, Jean-Claude. "Elaboration et caracterisation microstructurale de couches ceramiques supraconductrices YBa2Cu3O7-x sur substrat métallique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30177.
Full textMacke, Thierry. "Développement et validation d'une méthode de caractérisation au choc des matériaux : application à l'étude du comportement à la rupture de matériaux composites à matrice céramique et ou métallique." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10517.
Full textRieu, Mathilde. "Préparation par voie sol-gel et caractérisation d'une cellule complète SOFC sur support métallique poreux." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/640/.
Full textIn this work, sol-gel route is used to shape ceramic films (anode, electrolyte, cathode) onto a porous metal support in order to prepare Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. However, the use of a metal forbids thermal treatments above 800°C in order to retain mechanical properties and to avoid corrosion. Electrolyte densification is not possible at such a low temperature, so the strategy is to prepare two half parts: anode onto porous metal on one part and cathode onto electrolyte on the other part, before assembling both parts with a ceramic paste. Electrodes and electrolyte materials are synthesized by sol-gel route and their physico-chemical properties are evaluated. In order to shape the anode (NiO-YSZ), the porous metal support is dipped into an optimized anode slurry composition. Half cathodic cell is separately prepared by dip-coating YSZ into a La2NiO4+delta slurry. The two half parts are then assembled in order to prepare the first metal supported solid oxide fuel cells. Electrochemical performances have to be improved but the feasibility of the metal supported cell is clearly demonstrated in this work
Helary, Doriane. "Étude de couches dorées sur matières vitreuses : application aux tesselles à feuille d'or et aux céramiques glaçurées à décors de lustres dorés." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001345.
Full textVert, Romain. "Elaboration par projection plasma d’un revêtement céramique sur un substrat métallique mince et de faible rugosité : usage d’une sous-couche d’adhérence nanostructuréeCo-encadrée par Erick Meillot et Gilles Mariaux." Limoges, 2011. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ad42416f-2bf9-4745-8e76-b4c77462f0aa/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4044.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this work is to show the feasibility of manufacturing a thick ceramic coating on a thin metal substrate with a low surface roughness. The system will operate under severe conditions of temperatures (850°C) and mechanical constraints imposed by gas flow at 70 bars. The application lies within the framework of the nuclear reactor Allegro, a gas-cool fast reactor, developped by CEA. The solution suggested is a double-layer deposit made up of a nanostructure layer (approximately 450-μm thick) of the same composition, by conventional plasma spraying. This manuscript presents the methodology of the study and successively deals with the elaboration of the nanostructure layer and that of the double-layer coating. A particular attention was turned to the adhesion of the nanostructured layer, to that of the double-layer coating and to the link between the two layers
Etienne, André-Michel. "Modélisation par éléments finis en comportement élastoplastique de multicouches céramo-métalliques." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT045G.
Full textPastre, Sybille. "Etude prospective et compréhension physico-chimique des renforts pour matériaux composites à base métallique argent dans les appareils électriques." Lille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL10153.
Full textThe present work is part of a collaboration between Schneider Electric (CIFRE fundings) and the Laboratoire de Cristallochimie et Physico-chimie du Solide in Villeneuve d’Ascq. The aim was to better understand and to improve the physicochemical properties of tin dioxide based ceramics use as a reinforcement in electric contacts made of metallic silver matrix. Indeed, electric contacts can be damaged by thermomechanical constraints, thus leading to a deterioration of the properties. The development of CuO doped Sn02 reinforcement using two different methods of synthesis (Pechini and attrition) allows to obtain powders with particle size lower than the micron. Surface analysis of powders (so called Pechini) shows a migration of copper, in its two valence states, towards the surface of Sn02 particles, whereas with powders resulting from attrition, the copper, in the form CuO, is located at the particles surface of Sn02. The use of such powders, obtained with both methods improves the densification of sintered reinforcements at 933°C. The study is carried on with Sb203 which improves the electric conductivity of CuO doped Sn02 reinforcement. Composite materials made of fine reinforcement powders presents not only a microstructure which is more homogeneous, but alsoa better sintering capability than those elaborated with coarse-grained powders. Finally, the manufacture of fine powders has the consequence of an increase of the Vickers hardness and of clearly improving the performance of the contacts, during electrical tests, especially when it is damaged by the welding process
Laurent, Véronique. "Mouillabilité et réactivité dans les systèmes composites métal/céramique : étude du couple Al/SiC." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0115.
Full textAuger, Jean-Marc. "Etude de la frittabilité de composites céramique-métal (alumine-acier inoxydable 316L) - Application à la conception et à l’élaboration de pièces multimatériaux multifonctionnelles architecturées." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EMSE0566/document.
Full textThis study deals with forming and mechanical properties characterization of structured composites constituted from alumina and 316L stainless steel. Materials obtained can be considered twice composites, as they are made successive layers (structure), each one being a dispersed ceramic/metal composite by itself. The different aspects of this work cover monolithic dispersed composites elaboration through powder metallurgy, architectures mechanical properties determination through both measurements and numerical simulation, and problems linked to layered composites production. Experiments on monolithic composites have evidenced an inhibiting effect linked with carbon presence on alumina densification during sintering. Complex interactions happen between carbon (residues from imperfect debinding), steel (and microstructures thereof) and chromium, resulting in altered densification, which renders elaboration difficult. Mechanical behaviour laws could be obtained for these dispersed composites, using both behaviour homogenization (for plasticity) and analytic models based on experiments (for plasticity). These laws allowed finite elements modelisation of low energy plane versus plane impact tests for varying layered architectures. Comparison with experimental tests showed that layered structures increase impact resistance compared to monolithic composites, and allowed to determine some parameters, like parts thickness, susceptible to improve it. In spite of imperfect connexion between experimental data and numerical simulation, the latter is sufficient in order to optimize architecture choice
Dolay, Aurélien. "Développement et caractérisations de fibres piézoélectriques à âme métallique pour applications aéronautiques." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991950.
Full textPech, Jérôme. "Peroxydation générée par jet de plasma d'arc soufflé. Relation entre surface, oxydation et adhérence de dépôt." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES018.
Full textAmara, Dehman. "Assemblage structural collé alumine-acier 304L : propriétés superficielles des substrats et adhérence." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT005G.
Full textLiens, Aléthéa. "On the potential of Ti-based Bulk Metallic Glasses and Ce-TZP zirconia composites for the development of innovative dental implants." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI117.
Full textRecently, dental implant downsizing has become one major trend in modern implantology but it requires the development of materials with improved mechanical resistance. Never- theless, titanium and its alloys, the gold standard dental materials, seem to have reached a plateau in terms of mechanical properties, which may limit their use for such strategy. Amorphous titanium-based metallic alloys are a unique class of materials showing high mechanical and fatigue properties, good corrosion resistance and a relatively low Young’s modulus, which thus make them potential candidates for the realization of such-small diameter implantable pieces in substitution to polycrystalline titanium. There is also a growing trend to use ceramic implants in dentistry. In particular, the white color of Yttria-Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP) materials combined with their unique transformation toughening ability have made them materials of choice for the realization of metal-free, aesthetic dental implants. However, ageing of Y-TZP ceramics in aqueous environments may be a concern and even if strongest than many other ceramics, Y-TZPs still remain elastic-fragile with a sensitivity to the presence of defects. Various Ceria-doped based zirconia ceramics have been developed over the past years, in particular during two recent European projects led by MATEIS and Anthogyr. These materials may be highly resistant to flaws with a considerable toughness and an unusual transformation- induced ductility. This unique combination of properties makes them potential candidates for the realization of ceramic dental implants, as an alternative to 3Y-TZP. Within this PhD work, the potential of the two materials for (i) the realization of less invasive implants to replace titanium alloys on one hand, and (ii) aesthetic and more reliable ceramic implants as alternative to 3Y-TZP on the other hand, will be studied. The first part of this work will be focused on Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 metallic glass. The potential of this amorphous alloy for future implantable devices fabrication is assessed in terms of ion release in relevant media, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and fatigue resistance, with a comparison to the benchmark conventional biomedical grade Ti alloys. The role of Sn and Si alloying elements on the overall properties of the alloy will be also analyzed. The second part of this work will deal with a new Ce-TZP based composite. Mechan- ical characterization and fatigue resistance will be evaluated and compared to 3Y-TZP material. Furthermore, the transformation-induced plasticity of this composite will be better understood, thanks to original experiments, in order to validate its reliability and its absence of potential damage under stress. All the results may open new perspectives in the future of dental applications
Vives, Serge. "Synthèse et caractérisations de matériaux composites zircone/tungstène." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20012.
Full textFayeulle, Dominique. "Elaboration et étude de révêtements céramiques à sous-couche d'accrochage cellulaire pour la protection chimique et thermique de composants de turbomachines." Paris, ENMP, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ENMP0149.
Full textMarot, Guillaume. "Modélisation de l'essai d'indentation interfaciale et confrontation aux essais normalisés pour la détermination de l'adhérence de revêtements obtenus par projection thermique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Marot.pdf.
Full textHourdequin, Hélène. "Contribution à la conception et mise en oeuvre de structures de packaging pour la montée en tension des modules de puissance : contraintes sur les isolants." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30357.
Full textThe power electronics is at the beginning of a major evolution by the introduction of new power components semiconductor 'wide bandgap' in the systems. Indeed, the evolution of silicon carbide (SIC) technology allows to develop small chips, which can operate at a higher switching frequency, and support higher voltages than current one, limited during several decades by the physical properties of silicon. Therefore, the introduction of these components must be adapted to their environment in order to take into account these new performances. From an electrical point of view, the stresses imposed on insulating materials are close to their limits, particularly in the packaging configurations currently used in the power modules. The aim of this thesis is to propose an original solution allowing to integrate the 15 KV components currently in development phase, in a structure such as power module. After studying some packaging solutions, the study focused on a particular area, called the triple point between the metallization, the substrate and the encapsulation materials. We propose, from simulations by the finite element method analysis, a new geometry for the metallized ceramic substrate able to reduce the electric field intensity at the triple point. The structure modification consists in the creation of a gap in the substrate at the edge of the metallization. This new geometric structure has shown by simulation a significant reduction of the electric field intensity at the triple point thanks to a better spreading of the equipotential lines. After reviewing several technical manufacturing, ultrasonic machining was selected, this process is particularly efficient for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics and provides an etching profile with an excellent alignment to the edge of the metallization with the ceramic. Experimental results based on samples tests made it possible to carry out tests showing interesting and encouraging results in terms of partial discharges and resistance to dielectric strength. Thanks to the simulation under FEM analysis and after first experimental results, the new geometric structure for the metallized ceramic substrate proposed for the high voltage power modules, seems to be a technologically integrable solution for the optimization of the packaging for the purpose of the voltage rise in module. Moreover, the interest of the proposed solution compared with other published strategies, such as the use of innovative encapsulation materials was discussed, as well as the advantage offered of being able to combine the strengths of two types of approaches
Cordier, Alexandra. "Sanctuaires et établissements ruraux aux abords de la voie Lyon - Trèves sur le territoire des Lingons." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL019/document.
Full textFrom a memory of a master on the study of the material from the sanctuary of Beire-le-Châtel "The Pâtis the Letto" as well as new studies such as material from the fanum Lux "Le Bois Giraud", the objective of this thesis is to understand the people who live along the Roman road Lyon - Trier on the civitates of the Lingoni et go on these places of worship. The material found in these sanctuaries was confronted with one of the rural settlements to distinguish local attendance and passing travelers. Finally, the study allows to emphasize the role of settlements - administrative center of the city and secondary towns - and communication routes in the genesis of Lingones’ places of worship but also the place held by the rural settlements of medium and high status in the implementation of the religious landscape
Apreutesei, Mihai. "Temperature impact on thermal evolution of advanced PVD ceramic and metallic glass thin films : Physico-chemical and microstructural analysis." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0009/document.
Full textIn the recent years the industrial requirements to develop new functional materials able to overcome the severe conditions during machining operation are continuously increasing. Researchers then must find novel solutions to respond to their severe industrial requirements. To coat the tool surface with advanced coatings is the most efficient solution. New nanostructured materials may nowadays exhibit unique mechanical, physical and chemical properties ensuring notable degradation resistance where the surface protection of materials against corrosion, wear, friction or oxidation is a key issue, particularly when operating in hostile environments. Within the scope of this Ph.D. thesis the influence of the temperature on the structural stability of two different PVD ceramic and metallic glass thin films is proposed. The main goal consists in the development of two distinct classes of thin films, with a wide range of properties. In order to prepare these films, the project will be focused on the study on the influence of PVD deposition conditions in the particular film’s growth characteristics: chemical composition, structure, morphology and the subsequent changes in the main properties of the thin films, namely oxidation and crystallization resistance, especially. For that purpose we adopted the multiscale approach. The first part is related to the ceramic CrN-based coatings to give new functionalities and improve the tools’ surface with the primary aim to increase their lifetime. Secondly, new protective materials able to better protect the exposed surfaces against high temperature oxidation have been proposed, namely CrAlN and CrAlYN coatings as will be evidenced in this manuscript. The second part of the manuscript is dedicated to the innovative Zr-Cu thin films metallic glasses prepared by a PVD magnetron co-sputtering method with the objective to investigate the amorphization ability and their structural properties. Their excellent properties at room temperature have recently attracted attention as a new class of materials with great potential for engineering applications due to unique mechanical and physico-chemical characteristics (high elastic strain limit, corrosion resistance…). Finally, an important approach during the course of this thesis was the real time observation of the structure and surface modifications during heating by means of in situ methods. The thin films proposed during the course of the work could be straightforward used as surface engineering solutions to protect and extend the lifetime of the materials and components
Mouawad, Bassem. "Assemblages innovants en électronique de puissance utilisant la technique de " Spark Plasma Sintering "." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00943438.
Full textPetit, Clémence. "Etude des propriétés mécaniques de matériaux cellulaires par la tomographie aux rayons X et par modélisation par éléments finis." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0130/document.
Full textCellular materials are highly porous systems for which two scales are mainly important: the mesostructure and the microstructure. The mesostructure corresponds to the architecture of the materials: distribution of solid phase “walls” and macroporosity and can be characterized by X-ray tomographic low resolution images. The link between the architecture of the materials and the mechanical properties has been frequently studied. The microstructure refers to the characteristics of the solid phase. Its microstructural features (presence of a secondary phase or of defects due to the sintering) can have a strong influence on the macroscopic properties. The aim of this work is to link the morphological and microstructural features of metallic and ceramic based cellular materials and their mechanical properties thanks to X-ray tomography and finite element modelling. A new method combining X-ray tomography at different resolutions, image processing and creation of finite element modelling enabled to take into account some microstuctural features of the cellular samples. Four different cellular materials were studied as model materials: aluminium foam fabricated by a liquid state process, cobalt periodic structures made by additive manufacturing, β-TCP porous samples fabricated by conventional sacrificial template processing route and hydroxyapatite/β-TCP composites made by additive manufacturing (robocasting). The metal based materials were provided by colleagues while the ceramic based porous materials were fabricated in the frame of the current study. For each type (metals or ceramics), a stochastic and a regular structure have been compared. For implementing the multiscale method developed in this work, the samples were firstly scanned in a so called “local” tomography mode, in which the specimen is placed close to the X-ray source. This allowed to reconstruct only the small irradiated part of the sample and to obtain a magnified image of a subregion. These images enable to observe some details which are not visible in lower resolution. Different image processing steps were performed to generate low resolution images including microstructural features imaged at high resolution. This was done by a series of thresholding and scaling of the high resolution images. The result of these processing steps was an image of the initial sample. Then, in situ mechanical tests were performed in the tomograph to follow the deformation of the sample at low resolution. The above mentioned initial images were used to produce finite element meshes. Special Java programs were adapted to create finite element input files from initial images and meshes. The initial images containing information about the solid phase, the images from the mechanical tests and the finite element models were combined to explain the mechanical behaviour of the sample by linking the experimental damage locations in the sample and the simulated stress concentration sites
Kremer, Arnaud. "Étude du choix structurel d'outils coupants en diamant revetu ou polycristallin massif pour l'usinage compétitif et environnemental des composites à matrice métallique et renfort céramique particulaire (CMMP AI/SiC.)." Phd thesis, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005407.
Full textMai, Stéphanie H. "Indirect Bonding Method: in vitro Comparison of the Shear Bond Strength between Metallic Orthodontic Brackets and Different Porcelain Surface Preparations." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10082.
Full textBackground : Bond strength at the metal-ceramic interface of auto-polymerizing resins used in orthodontic indirect bonding has not yet been evaluated and a literature-based clinical protocol is lacking. Goals : 1) To compare shear bond strength (SBS) between metal brackets and differently treated porcelain surfaces; 2) To suggest efficient and predictable chairside approaches. Materials and methods : Ninety leucite discs (6 groups; n=15/group) were prepared following 6 combinations of mechanical (+/- bur roughening) and chemical (hydrofluoric acid, primer, silane) treatments. Metal brackets with custom composite resin Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California) bases were bonded with the adhesive resin system Sondhi A+B Rapid Set (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California). Samples were stored (H2O/24hrs), thermocycled (500 cycles) and tested (Instron, Norwood, Massachusetts). Maximum SBS and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were collected for each sample. ANOVAs were performed on ranks since data was not normally distributed, and then adjusted with the post-hoc Tukey method. A Kruskall-Wallis, a Mann Whitney U pairwise comparison and a Weibull analysis were also performed. Results : SBS medians of groups ranged from 17.0 MPa (- bur + hydrofluoric acid) to 26.7MPa (- bur + hydrofluoric acid + silane). Bur roughening did not affect bond strength. The chemical preparation of (- bur + primer + silane) showed statistically significant higher SBS than (- bur + hydrofluoric acid) preparation (p<0,05), while having similar SBS to the popular recommended protocol (- bur + hydrofluoric acid + silane). ARI scores were statistically significant lower in group (- bur + hydrofluoric acid) with p<0,05, while all other 5 groups were not different from each other. Percentage of porcelain damage in these 5 groups were very high at 80-100%. Conclusion : All the tested surface preparations combinations provided clinically adequate adhesion for orthodontic tooth movement. A silane and primer combination for porcelain surface preparation is clinically attractive as it is safe and simple and provides great adhesion for orthodontic tooth movement. It is wise to warn patients that there is a risk of porcelain fractures when debonding brackets. If one prefers to avoid porcelain fracture at all cost, one may treat porcelain with hydrofluoric acid only.