Journal articles on the topic 'Ceramic practice'
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Nortey, Samuel, and Edwin K. Bodjawah. "GHANAIAN CLAY PRACTICES: A RETHINKING." JADECS (Journal of Art, Design, Art Education & Cultural Studies) 7, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um037v7i12022p18-29.
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This paper discusses Ghanaian clay practices and how their histories and some practices limit their clay discourse, creating a disconnect from ecologies of practice. Western contemporary and academic ceramics communities acknowledge the present and historic lack of diversity and inclusion of Global south indigenous practice, a condition that has been constant since there has been a conception of “contemporary ceramics”. Documentation of art has been largely the exclusive province of art historians, yet, Ghana never had art history has a major in any Ghanaian university including Achimota School that was set up by the colonial government. There are several ceramic material sites but no processing industries for creating products. This paper signals a rethinking of forms, economic exchange, materiality and recommends that it is expedient to expand Ghanaian clay practice discourse in all forms to connect to the ecologies of practice by forward-thinking, looking at the indigenous ceramic medium outside the pigeonhole, and pushing the boundaries of conventional Ghanaian ceramics.
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Nortey, Samuel, and Edwin K. Bodjawah. "GHANAIAN CLAY PRACTICES: A RETHINKING." JADECS (Journal of Art, Design, Art Education & Cultural Studies) 7, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um037v7i12022p18-29.
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This paper discusses Ghanaian clay practices and how their histories and some practices limit their clay discourse, creating a disconnect from ecologies of practice. Western contemporary and academic ceramics communities acknowledge the present and historic lack of diversity and inclusion of Global south indigenous practice, a condition that has been constant since there has been a conception of “contemporary ceramics”. Documentation of art has been largely the exclusive province of art historians, yet, Ghana never had art history has a major in any Ghanaian university including Achimota School that was set up by the colonial government. There are several ceramic material sites but no processing industries for creating products. This paper signals a rethinking of forms, economic exchange, materiality and recommends that it is expedient to expand Ghanaian clay practice discourse in all forms to connect to the ecologies of practice by forward-thinking, looking at the indigenous ceramic medium outside the pigeonhole, and pushing the boundaries of conventional Ghanaian ceramics.
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Nortey, Samuel, and Edwin K. Bodjawah. "GHANAIAN CLAY PRACTICES: A RETHINKING." JADECS (Journal of Art, Design, Art Education & Cultural Studies) 7, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um037v7i12022p18-29.
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This paper discusses Ghanaian clay practices and how their histories and some practices limit their clay discourse, creating a disconnect from ecologies of practice. Western contemporary and academic ceramics communities acknowledge the present and historic lack of diversity and inclusion of Global south indigenous practice, a condition that has been constant since there has been a conception of “contemporary ceramics”. Documentation of art has been largely the exclusive province of art historians, yet, Ghana never had art history has a major in any Ghanaian university including Achimota School that was set up by the colonial government. There are several ceramic material sites but no processing industries for creating products. This paper signals a rethinking of forms, economic exchange, materiality and recommends that it is expedient to expand Ghanaian clay practice discourse in all forms to connect to the ecologies of practice by forward-thinking, looking at the indigenous ceramic medium outside the pigeonhole, and pushing the boundaries of conventional Ghanaian ceramics.
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Acimovic-Pavlovic, Zagorka, Aurel Prstic, and Ljubisa Andric. "Cordierite ceramics for applications in foundry practice." Chemical Industry 61, no. 1 (2007): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0701039a.
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The research of new ceramic coatings has an important role in the improvement and development of new casting methods, especially casting with meltable and evaporable patterns. The selection of ceramic materials to be used as refractory fillers, materials for the binding system and additives for maintaining suspension stability, will be carried out in accordance with the casting method selected for the actual alloys and types of castings. The actual importance of these problems is reflected in the fact that the application of quality coatings increases the production efficiency by producing high quality castings, increases the metal yield and eliminates the expensive casting operations-cleaning and machining. Cordierite ceramic are of great importance in modern technology. Standard raw materials, kaolin, talc, MgO, alumina, feldspar were used in the synthesis of cordierite ceramics. Sintered cordierite of the composition 2MgO ? 2Al2O3 ? 5SiO2 was used as a refractory filler in a ceramic coating for evaporative polystyrene patterns in a new casting technology, the EPC Method. Cordierite characterization was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction. The characteristic temperatures for carrying out solid state reactions in the three component system 2MgO ? 2A12O3 ? 5SiO2 were determined by differential thermal analysis in the range from ambient temperature to 1100 ?C. In order to realistically evaluate possible cordierite application in the production of evaporative pattern ceramic coatings, concurrent analyses with a talc-based coating were carried out. Cordierite ceramics have not yet been used in casting.
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Karkiner, Nadine, and A. Hilmi Balci. "Ceramic, Tradition and Sociology: Approaching Turkish Ceramic Practice." Key Engineering Materials 206-213 (December 2001): 913–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.206-213.913.
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Varfolomeev, M. S., and G. I. Shcherbakova. "The refractory compositions designing for the highly-heat-resistant ceramic products in the foundry practice." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 6 (July 26, 2018): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2018-6-18-23.
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The sintering peculiarities of the ceramic materials which had been prepared by means of semidry pressing are investigated in the article. The fillers were the yttrium oxide Y2O3 and the fused corundum α-Al2O3, the bonding phase was the aluminoxane addition either pure or modified by the yttrium and magnesium compounds. We investigated the processes occurring at the examined ceramics sintering at different temperatures and their influence on the obtained ceramics properties. The phase composition, the thermal and mechanical properties of the test samples at 1500 °C are presented. The produced test ceramic crucibles have advanced thermal resistance and stability against the thermal cycling. The possibility is regarded to use the developed ceramic crucibles for melting and casting of the chemically reactive highly-heat-resistant metals and alloys.
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Mardegan Louzada, Thais, Alline Sardinha Cordeiro Morais, Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira, Veronica Scarpini Candido, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Microstructural Analysis of Clayey Ceramics Incorporated with Fluorescent Lamp Glass Waste." Materials Science Forum 820 (June 2015): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.820.468.
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The recycling of industrial wastes has become a worldwide practice owing to environmental and economical advantages. In the case of waste addition to clayey ceramics for civil construction, this sustainable practice may also bring technical benefits. Fluorescent lamps, today replacing incandescent lamps, generate typical glass waste that can improve the properties of clayey ceramics. The fluxing behavior of the glass waste contributes to the ceramic sintering mechanisms by reducing the porosity. In the present work, the effect of incorporation of 30 wt% of Hg-cleaned fluorescent lamps glass waste was investigated by means of microstructural analysis. Waste incorporated clayey ceramics, fired at 850 and 1100°C were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy as well as by X-ray diffraction. The results revealed the microstructural mechanism responsible for the improvement of the ceramic properties.
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Kurňava, Tomáš, Stancekova Dana, Jozef Struharnansky, and Miroslav Janota. "Identification Turning Machinability of Ceramic Materials." Technological Engineering 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/teen-2013-0007.
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Abstract The paper deals with machining superhard materials machined by turning. Introductory section contains an analysis of ceramic materials used and their utilization in engineering practice . The aim of the experimental work is the selection of the appropriate cutting discs, cutting establish conditions which would ensure productive machining of the ceramics..
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ÇİL, Hayati. "PETER VOULKOS CERAMICS: ESCAPE INTO FORM AS THERE IS NO ESCAPE FROM MATERIAL." SOCIAL SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL 7, no. 31 (May 15, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31567/ssd.618.
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It is thought that the art and design of ceramics led the art and craft production of humanity in the civilization process. Ceramics, which has such a rich history, has a permanent meaning that has taken its place in the audience's visual reading. This situation arises from the nature of the goods to which ceramics has owed its existence since primitive times. Historically, the imaginary and object characteristics of ceramics and the meaning associated with it follow a process that is shaped by primitive needs, turning into functional materials that help life, and in this respect, into goods. In this sense, ceramics created an intercultural code in the minds of the audience regarding the characteristics of the goods with which ceramics is associated. In this context, the return of the material and traditional object production in the art of ceramics also gains a functional form semiotic expression. Especially in the face of the changing artistic expression and the traditional understanding of art, which was falling apart after 1960, it is seen that the art of ceramics passed over this atmosphere with the discipline's own inner conflict regarding functionality. Ceramic artists or artists who prefer ceramics as a material and use ceramic technology in the production of art objects have made it possible to get rid of the traditional codes of ceramics and to reveal their subjective art creations by being loyal to the material that forms the character of the discipline only through the practices they carry out regarding form. In this sense, Peter Voulkos, whose art practice is discussed, has an abstract expressionist attitude that eliminates functions such as cutting, adding, drilling and assemblage, which he applies in his intervention to ceramic form, apart from the predetermined and taken-for-granted situation such as function and usability, by breaking it off from its functional context and with an intuitive understanding of shaping examined. Keywords: Ceramic Art, Peter Voulkos, Contemporary art
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Hubbe, Mark, Walter Alves Neves, Emiliano Castro de Oliveira, and André Strauss. "Postmarital Residence Practice in Southern Brazilian Coastal Groups: Continuity and Change." Latin American Antiquity 20, no. 2 (June 2009): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1045663500002637.
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AbstractThe coastal plains of the States of Paraná and Santa Catarina, in Southern Brazil, were first settled around 6000 B.P. by shellmound builders, a successful fisher-hunter-gatherer population that inhabited the coastal lowlands practically unchanged for almost five thousand years. Shellmounds were typically occupied as residential sites as well as cemeteries, andare usually associated with rich alimentary zones. Around 1200 B.P., the first evidence of ceramics brought from the interior is found in coastal areas, and together with ceramics there is a progressive abandonment of shellmound construction in favor of flat and shallow sites. Here we consider if these changes were reflected in the postmarital residence practice of coastal groups, i.e., if the arrival or intensification of contact with groups from the interior resulted in changes in this aspect of social structure among the coastal groups. To test the postmarital residence practice we analyzed within-group variability ratios between males and females, following previous studies on the topic, and between-group correlations between Mahalanobis distances and geographic distances. The results suggest that in the pre-ceramic series a matrilocal, postmarital residential system predominated, while in the ceramic period there was a shift toward patrilocality. This favors the hypothesis that the changes experienced by coastal groups after 1200 B.P. affected not only their economy and material culture, but important aspects of their sociopolitical organization as well.
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Dermarkar, Susan. "Emergent Ceramics and Identity at the Fifteenth-Century Iroquoian Keffer Village." Canadian Journal of Archaeology 45, no. 2 (2021): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.51270/45.2.181.
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The recent interpretation of ceramic types as fluid and relational (Fowler 2017) has facilitated their use in the exploration of relational identity. In this study, ceramics from the fifteenth-century southern Ontario Iroquoian Keffer (AkGv-14) village are employed in the exploration of matrilineal, matrilocal household self-identification as seen through ceramic communities of practice. The Keffer assemblage is separated into two categories; local tradition ceramics which I suggest represent genealogies of family practice, and non-local tradition pottery, which I propose communicates contemporary relations and long distance interaction. In addition, a new, third category of ceramics is proposed “emergent vessels.” Emergent ceramics are materialized in two separate and distinct vessel forms in the collection, the Everted Lip and North Shore Durfee Underlined. Their sudden and geographically restricted materialization reflects the equally sudden appearance of newly emergent facets of the polyvalent identities of potting communities as seen at Keffer and other north shore sites. The short-term production and use of these emergent ceramics attests to the quickly diminishing importance of these new emergent aspects of identity while the ceramics of the latest village occupations verify the endurance and gradual transformation of those facets of identity tied to family genealogy and long distance interaction.
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Cherdjerm, Saipen, and Nirat Soodsang. "Development of Ceramics Creative Process with Community-based Learning and Constructionism for Undergraduate Students." Asian Social Science 13, no. 6 (May 30, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n6p65.
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The purposes of this research were 1) to develop a ceramics creative process with community-based learning (CBL) and constructionism for undergraduate students; 2) to evaluate students’ ceramic work with CBL and constructionism, and 3) to examine the community’s and students’ satisfactions towards CBL and constructionism. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling method to obtain 40 undergraduate students of Uttaradit Rajabhat University who enrolled in the Course: Local Ceramics, semester 1/2016, and 6 community instructors. Data analysis was presented by mean and standard deviation. The findings suggested that the ceramics creative process with CBL and constructionism for undergraduate students involved 5 steps, namely: 1) community survey/selection and exploring community data; 2) preparation; 3) hands-on practice to create ceramic works; 4) presentation of ceramic works; and 5) evaluation. The experimental result of the ceramics creative process with CBL and constructionism being constructed by the author revealed that the students’ knowledge and understanding of ceramics creative process displayed overall mean at a very high level ( = 3.70, S.D. = 0.26; = 3.72, S.D. = 0.16, respectively). The satisfaction towards CBL and constructionism were at a highest level in overall for the community and a high level in overall for students (= 4.67, S.D. = 0.27; = 3.85, S.D. = 0.34, respectively).
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Noordin, Siti Noor Azila, Rusmadiah Anwar, and Nor Nazida Awang. "Positioning Ceramic Design Practices into Gallery-Based Creative Industries." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 7, SI7 (August 31, 2022): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7isi7.3794.
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Cognizant of the nature and need of a creative industries market. In ceramic, the diversity can be seen in the types of production and the scale of manufacture - from 'one-offs' to industrial manufacture. The scope and nature of arts incubators encompass the business-related knowledge, skills, and orientation needed by artists. The established methodologies for practice-based ceramic design research have led to the development of a realistic approach within this work which is both holistic and emergent. As result, a link between a practical philosophy of 'craft' practice and new approaches to the design highlighted a perception of the validity of 'craft' as a contemporary skill. Keywords: Ceramics; Design Practice; Creative Industries; Incubator. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7%20(Special%20Issue).3794
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Wayessa, Bula Sirika, Diane Lyons, and Brian Kooyman. "Ethnoarchaeological Study of Brewing Technology in Wallaga Region of Western Oromia, Ethiopia." Journal of African Archaeology 13, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/2191-5784-10268.
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In Wallaga, local beer (farso) is one of the most common alcoholic beverages. The beverage is prepared from cereals such as sorghum, millet, maize and barley and an additive plant known as gesho (Rhamnus prinoides). The beer is fermented in a ceramic jar known as huuroo. The brewing process causes pitting in the interior walls. Because most fermentation processes cause pitting of ceramic vessels, use alteration analysis cannot specifically identify past beer brewing practice. Ethnoarchaeological research of beer fermentation in Wallaga shows that in addition to erosion of interior walls of beer jars, the beer fermentation process results in the deposition of residues on the interior walls of the vessels. This residue from beer brewing is different from residue left by other processes because it includes ingredients not incorporated into other foods. As a result, plant microresidue analysis of archaeological ceramics can help to identify past brewing practices and major ingredients of indigenous beer.
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Bonnin, Michel P., Jean-Charles Rollier, Jean-Christophe Chatelet, Tarik Ait-Si-Selmi, Julien Chouteau, Laurent Jacquot, Gerjon Hannink, Mo Saffarini, and Michel-Henri Fessy. "Can Patients Practice Strenuous Sports After Uncemented Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 232596711876392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118763920.
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Background: Patients are often concerned about returning to sports after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Purpose: To (1) evaluate sports participation and motivation rates in a large cohort of patients who underwent uncemented THA with ceramic-on-ceramic bearings and (2) determine whether patients’ participation was associated with their motivation for each sport, preoperative demographics, or patient-reported outcomes. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We surveyed 1310 patients (aged <75 years) who underwent uncemented ceramic-on-ceramic THA and collected levels of motivation and participation for 22 different sports as well as patient-reported outcome measure scores. A total of 1042 patients (1206 hips) returned questionnaires; the mean age at index surgery was 60.6 ± 8.8 years. Results: At least 51% of patients participated regularly or frequently in at least 1 light sport, 73% in at least 1 moderate sport, and 20% in at least 1 strenuous sport. Sports participation was strongly correlated with motivation ( r = 0.97, P < .001) but not with level of discomfort ( r = 0.22, P = .292). Participation in strenuous sports was significantly associated with age, body mass index, and sex. There were significant differences among patients who practiced various categories of sports as determined using the Oxford Hip Score ( P = .008), but not with regard to the Forgotten Joint Score ( P = .054). Conclusion: Only 20% of patients practiced strenuous sports regularly or frequently after THA, regardless of pain or discomfort. Participation in sports after THA is strongly correlated with motivation but not with level of discomfort. Longer term studies with a greater focus on complications and survival are necessary to determine whether high-impact sports compromise patient safety or implant longevity.
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Stefanovic, Vladimir, Zoran Lazic, Nemanja Mirkovic, Ervin Taso, Nenad Simeunovic, and Jovica Nesic. "EDX analyisis of metal-ceramic interfaces of recasted nickel-chromium dental alloys." Chemical Industry 72, no. 3 (2018): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind180103009s.
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This research was performed to establish recasting effects of nickel-chromium dental alloys on the composition of their metal-ceramic interface in making fixed partial dentures. The metal-ceramic interface determines denture functional integrity and prevents damages on ceramics during mastication. Recycling of nickel-chromium alloys is often a practice, without detailed knowledge about possible effects on the composition of the metal-ceramic interface. Investigation of metal-ceramic samples is intended to show if base metal alloys for metal-ceramics are successfully recycled without any composition change in the metal-ceramic interface. The research was performed as an experimental study in which six metal-ceramic samples of nickel-chromium alloy ?Wiron 99? (Bego, Germany) were made. Alloy residues were recycled through twelve casting generations with the addition of 50 wt% of the new alloy on the occasion of every recasting. EDX analysis was performed by using the ?Inca X Sight? apparatus (Oxford Instruments, UK) and a SEM device JSM 6460 LV (JEOL, Japan). This appliance was used in conjunction with the PC software for quantification of chemical elements in order to determine the composition of metal-ceramic interfaces. Results of this research revealed significant differences between compositions of metal-ceramic interfaces in every examined recycle generation. Recasting had a negative effect on alloy components, which concentration is decreasing in the metal-ceramic junction zone. The concentration of cerium in the intermediate phase decreased the most, followed by concentrations of niobium, molybdenum, nickel and chromium. Results showed a permanent reduction of metal components up to the 12th generation of recycling. Cerium concentration (wt%) decreased from 28 to 16.26 %, nickel concentration from 3.31 to 1.82 % and chromium concentration from 2.95 to 2.03 %. Similarly, the molybdenum content decreased from 8.71to 4.68 wt%, while that of niobium from 9.82 to 3.97 wt%. Therefore, recasting of nickel-chromium alloys is not recommended because of changed composition of the metal-ceramic interface of these alloys.
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Peelo, Sarah. "Pottery-Making in Spanish California: Creating Multi-Scalar Social Identity through Daily Practice." American Antiquity 76, no. 4 (October 2011): 642–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.76.4.642.
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Between 1769 and 1834, the Spanish missions of Alta California were pluralistic communities. Faced with cultural entanglement, residents of particular missions formed communities of practice, out of which a shared social identity may have emerged. This process of colonial identity construction is illustrated by the patterned ways potters at one mission, Mission San Antonio de Padua, constructed Plainwares. Potters within this mission community selected the same local raw materials and fired ceramics in open fires. As potters participated in shared traditions of ceramic production, with regard to these steps in the manufacturing sequence, they may have created a shared social identity. In addition to the creation of a shared community identity, potters may have produced and reproduced other social identities that served to create arenas of division. For example, variability in primary forming techniques may suggest that gender identities were created out of the way some potters, possibly women, hand modeled vessels while others, possibly men, threw vessels on a wheel. Through ceramic production, potters at Mission San Antonio de Padua may have at one scale fostered a sense of belonging to the mission community, but at other scales created arenas for social distinction within the indigenous population.
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He, Binlang, Shenglin Kang, Xuetong Zhao, Jiexin Zhang, Xilin Wang, Yang Yang, Lijun Yang, and Ruijin Liao. "Cold Sintering of Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12/PEO Composite Solid Electrolytes." Molecules 27, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 6756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196756.
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Ceramic/polymer composite solid electrolytes integrate the high ionic conductivity of in ceramics and the flexibility of organic polymers. In practice, ceramic/polymer composite solid electrolytes are generally made into thin films rather than sintered into bulk due to processing temperature limitations. In this work, Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO)/polyethylene-oxide (PEO) electrolyte containing bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as the lithium salt was successfully fabricated into bulk pellets via the cold sintering process (CSP). Using CSP, above 80% dense composite electrolyte pellets were obtained, and a high Li-ion conductivity of 2.4 × 10−4 S cm–1 was achieved at room temperature. This work focuses on the conductivity contributions and microstructural development within the CSP process of composite solid electrolytes. Cold sintering provides an approach for bridging the gap in processing temperatures of ceramics and polymers, thereby enabling high-performance composites for electrochemical systems.
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AJADI, Michael Olaniyi. "Eclecticism Style in Ceramic Art Practices of Ife Art School." Journal of Education and Practice 5, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.630.
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Purpose: The study discusses Ife ceramic wares in tandem with the historical approach of the decorative patterns. It equally determines the origin of each style and how it moved and spread across the phases. The sequences of creative impulse and stylistic trends of ceramic practices in the art school from inception have not received scholarly attention in terms of the examination of the approaches towards the conceptions. The specific objective is to investigate the inception of eclecticism in the art school and circumstances behind the conceptions in order to reveal the contextual definitions of used designs and factors influence the innovation.
Methodology: Descriptive and analytical approaches were used to trace decorative trends of each phase and the integration of the various motifs and styles of the previous phases in the new phases that sprung up. Samples of ceramic wares in the art school exhibition brochures, galleries and ceramic studios were collected for analysis and photographs were also taken for evidence.
Findings: In concept, the praxis reveals traditional ideology at inception and desegregation of different themes, ideas, and styles in the recent phase of the practice. The practices are eclectic inclined as of late with reflection of traditional ideology, contemporary issues and customs of Western societies. Notwithstanding, the ceramic art tradition of the art school is aesthetically inclined both in principle and practice.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: No doubt, the sculptural creativeness of Ife wares has preserved cultural heritage for public awareness. This is largely evident in the proliferation of her ingenious adaptation of indigenous deco-stylistic techniques with Western influence that portrayed Nigerian traditional culture by themes, forms and styles in concepts and renditions.
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Callaway, Evan B., and Frank W. Zok. "Strengths of ceramic fiber bundles: Theory and practice." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 100, no. 11 (July 11, 2017): 5306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jace.15062.
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Hannouche, Didier, Matthieu Zingg, Hermes Miozzari, Remy Nizard, and Anne Lübbeke. "Third-generation pure alumina and alumina matrix composites in total hip arthroplasty." EFORT Open Reviews 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170034.
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Wear, corrosion and periprosthetic osteolysis are important causes of failure in joint arthroplasty, especially in young patients. Ceramic bearings, developed 40 years ago, are an increasingly popular choice in hip arthroplasty. New manufacturing procedures have increased the strength and reliability of ceramic materials and reduced the risk of complications. In recent decades, ceramics made of pure alumina have continuously improved, resulting in a surgical-grade material that fulfills clinical requirements. Despite the track record of safety and long-term results, third-generation pure alumina ceramics are being replaced in clinical practice by alumina matrix composites, which are composed of alumina and zirconium. In this review, the characteristics of both materials are discussed, and the long-term results with third-generation alumina-on-alumina bearings and the associated complications are compared with those of other available ceramics.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:7-14. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170034
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Vandiver, Pamela B., Sean Arnold, and Yeraly Akimbek. "Islamic Twelfth Century C.E. Glazes from Aktobe, Kazakhstan, and Comparison to Modern Practice in Afghanistan and Uzbekistan." MRS Advances 2, no. 39-40 (2017): 2101–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.299.
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ABSTRACT A preliminary survey of the microstructures and compositions of representative ceramic styles using minimally invasive analytical techniques provides a method of gaining insight into the materials and techniques of ceramic production dating from the eleventh to twelfth centuries C.E. at the archaeological site of Aktobe and from the 14-15th centuries C.E. at Aspara in southeastern Kazakhstan, both walled cities on the Silk Road trading corridor. The case is made for local production based on the argument of technological style or patterning of practices. Seven ceramic sherds representative of glazed earthenware and stoneware traditions were selected for study from excavations of Y. Akimbek and others that are maintained at the Institute of History and Archaeology of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Almaty. Fragments from serving bowls, a cup and bottle were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), electron beam microprobe analysis (EPMA) and refiring tests of the bodies and glazes. This initial study aims to characterize the range of physical and chemical variability of ceramics either produced at or imported into Aktobe and Aspara. Most stylistic studies consider these ceramics to have been imported from the Silk Road trade routes that connected many Central Asian cities. The styles include an imitation lusterware bowl made with a ground chromite underglaze pigment, a copper turquoise and cobalt blue and black painted white slipped alkaline-glazed cup, two green lead-glazed copper bowls, an imitation three-color of Chinese sansai bowl, a four-color lead-glazed bowl with underglaze mottled red, gray and black painted slips on a white slipped background and a stoneware bottle. Comparison of the weight ratios of the glaze compositions to possible plant ash raw material sources is presented as a possible way of studying raw material variability; however, analysis is complicated by having two other possible sources that may have supplied fluxing agents, including, salts present in the clays and salts from evaporite deposits.
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Краснова, Т. Н. "Archaeological Reconstruction of Ceramics in Museum Practice: Principles, Objectives, Opportunities." Nasledie Vekov, no. 2(26) (June 30, 2021): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2021.26.2.008.
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В статье выявляется потенциал археологической реконструкции древней керамики для решения задач, связанных с сохранением и экспонированием археологического наследия в музеях. Материалами исследования стали результаты научных изысканий в области археологии, теории и практики реставрационного дела, а также международные и российские нормативные правовые акты, регламентирующие различные аспекты сохранения и популяризации культурного наследия. Проведен анализ процессов музейной и археологической реконструкции, в результате чего выявлена тождественность их целей. Поэтапно модулируется процесс воссоздания древней керамики, изготовления памятников от идеи зарождения предмета до стадии использования. Сделан вывод о значении археологической реконструкции как инструмента, с помощью которого в условиях музея можно осуществлять изучение и популяризацию культурного наследия, сохраняя в неприкосновенности подлинники. The article reveals the functional possibilities of archaeological reconstruction of ancient ceramic products that are part of museum collections in the aspect of preserving and popularizing the archaeological heritage in museums. The main materials involved in the research were the results of scientific research in the field of archaeology, theory and practice of restoration work, as well as international and Russian normative legal acts regulating various aspects of the preservation and popularization of cultural heritage. The research methodology is based on a functional approach, while axiological and typological methods, techniques used in archaeological source studies, and methods of reconstruction of artistic and technical processes were important tools. The reconstruction of ancient ceramics, undertaken during archaeological research and carried out by means of experimental and technological methods, is analyzed. The functions of reconstruction in modern archaeological research are determined, and the essence of archaeological reconstruction itself as a process of modeling the corresponding artifacts is characterized. The significance of cultural stereotypes in this process is clarified. The stages of creating a ceramic product are consistently identified. The ceramic product (as, indeed, any thing created by people) is considered as a product of human creativity and at the same time as a source of information about a certain technology. It has been established that reconstruction methods in the field of preserving architectural monuments cannot be the only basis for studying its capabilities in a museum, since they do not go beyond collecting formal data about a monument and creating its analogue in the form of a graphic or three-dimensional model. The technological aspects of creating the material structure of the artifact remain undisclosed. Museum items are considered as elements of the informational text of culture. The modern practice of the reconstruction of ceramic products in museums by creating models using fragments of genuine artifacts has been studied and evaluated. The author concludes that archaeological reconstruction is an effective tool with which it is possible to study and popularize cultural heritage, keeping the originals intact. Conclusions are made about the identity of the goals of the museum and archaeological reconstruction, the set of educational and research tasks solved by archaeological reconstruction in a museum is revealed.
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Gerritsen, Anne. "Porcelain and the Material Culture of the Mongol-Yuan Court." Journal of Early Modern History 16, no. 3 (2012): 241–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006512x644793.
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Abstract This paper offers a re-evaluation of the significance of porcelain during the Yuan dynasty by analyzing a type of ceramics known as luanbai or shufu wares. These matt white porcelains, sometimes inscribed with the characters shu and fu, have generally been seen as official wares, manufactured on the orders of the highest echelons of the Yuan central government and classified as high-quality luxury wares associated with the imperial court. This paper proposes that this conventional interpretation is misleading. Instead of understanding luanbai wares as part of the narrative of ceramics manufacture and the history of porcelain, I explore their relevance by situating them in the context of Yuan-dynasty material culture more broadly, court-sponsored craft manufactures, and the practice of inscribing objects. This approach reveals a different story, highlighting the absence of court control over ceramic production, the ensuing freedom to experiment locally with new ceramic production methods, and the significance of the demands of consumers in territories outside Yuan China.
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Haralur, Satheesh B., Noura Raqe S. Alqahtani, and Fatimah Alhassan Mujayri. "Effect of Hydrothermal Aging and Beverages on Color Stability of Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia Based Ceramics." Medicina 55, no. 11 (November 19, 2019): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110749.
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Background and aim: All-ceramic prosthesis is widely used in modern dental practice because of its improved physico-mechanical and optical properties. These restorations are exposed to coloring agents from various nutrition and beverages in the oral cavity. Long-term color stability is critical for the success of these restorative materials. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of common beverages and mouthwash on the color stability of lithium disilicate (LD), monolithic zirconia (MZ) and bilayer zirconia (BZ) surfaces. Material and methods: Thirty disc-shaped specimens from each material were fabricated; each group was subdivided (n = 10) according to coffee, green tea and chlorhexidine immersion solutions. The baseline color of ceramic discs was recorded according to the CIE L*a*b* system with a portable spectrophotometer. The second measurement was recorded after 3000 thermocycling and immersion in coloring agents for 7 days. The mean color difference was calculated and data were compared with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests (0.05). Results: ΔE values for LD with the immersion of coffee, tea, and Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) were 1.78, 2.241 and 1.58, respectively. Corresponding ΔE values for MZ were 5.60, 5.19, and 4.86; marginally higher than the clinically acceptable level of 3.5. Meanwhile, BZ showed better color stability compared to MZ with ΔE values of 4.22, 2.11 and 1.43. Conclusion: Among the ceramics evaluated, LD ceramic was found to be more color stable, while MZ ceramics displayed a higher susceptibility to discoloration. MZ and BZ ceramic colors were significantly altered with coffee immersion, while LD ceramics were more affected by green tea.
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Kelly, JR, and P. Benetti. "Ceramic materials in dentistry: historical evolution and current practice." Australian Dental Journal 56 (May 13, 2011): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01299.x.
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Zubanova, Nadezhda. "Alexei Vasilyevich Filippov and the State Museum of Ceramics." Человек и культура, no. 6 (June 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2021.6.37013.
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This article refers to previously unknown pages in the history of State Museum of Ceramics – its functioning as an industrial museum. The transformation of the Museum of Porcelain Art into the “industrial” State Museum of Ceramics took place in conditions of escalating discussion on the need for creating "industrial art” in the USSR. One of the initiators of such direction was the ceramic artist A. V. Filippov. His name earlier was not associated with the State Museum of Ceramics; however, Filippov contributed to the emergence of art-industrial laboratory in the museum structure, which not only experimented with manufacturing glazes and ceramic mixtures, but also set the production process. The novelty of this article lies in introduction into the scientific discourse of previously unknown archival documents, which allows tracing the history of origin of the art and ceramic laboratory. It was deemed that the structural division was opened in the State Museum of Ceramics. However, the laboratory was originally founded by A. V. Filippov at the Faculty of Ceramics of the Russian State Art and Technical School, then transferred to the Institute of Silicate Chemistry, and only in 1928 transferred from the Institute to the museum. The establishment of the laboratory has prompted a significant shift in the vector of development of the museum towards instusrial museum. It is also proven that Filippov developed the concept of exhibitory-manufacturing department in the museum, which included educational activity with interactive elements. These museum competencies would be in demand in the world museum practice only by the late XX century, which determines the activity of the State Museum of Ceramics during 1920s as innovative.
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Multiple case study analysis and development of an interpretive structural model for greening of supply chains in Indian ceramic enterprises." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 30, no. 6 (September 9, 2019): 1279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-11-2018-0196.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to aim at prioritizing and identifying the interrelations among the green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance measures. The study also compares the reasons of green supply chain management implementation, levels of implementation and improvement in performance for medium and large Indian ceramic enterprises because of green supply chain management implementation. Design/methodology/approach The most frequent constructs and measures of green supply chain management pressure, practice and performance are identified from the literature. The identified measures are corrected/added/removed, as per the suggestions of industry professionals, to develop a survey instrument. An interpretive structural model is developed to prioritize the constructs. Matriced “impacts croises-multiplication applique” and “classment” (MICMAC) analysis is done to identify the driving and dependence powers of the constructs. The identified results are validated through the descriptive analysis of responses obtained from multiple case studies. Findings It is observed that the informative pressures followed by coercive and mimetic pressures are the main drivers for the implementation of green supply chain management practices. Internal environmental management in enterprises is found to be the driving power behind the implementation of other green supply chain management practices. The implementation of these practices drives the environmental and operational performance. It is observed, through the multiple case study analysis that the impact of the pressures to adopt green supply chain management practices is high on Indian ceramic enterprises but the implementation of practices is in the early stage. The improvement in performance is also not found to be significant at this stage. This study also found that large ceramic enterprises are doing better than the medium enterprises in terms of green supply chain management implementation, largely because of higher pressures and availability of resources. Originality/value This study prioritizes the constructs of green supply chain management pressure, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises and compares the large and medium enterprises on the basis of these constructs.
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Grecu, Dan, Dan Tarnita, Daniela Tarniţă, and D. R. Nita. "Our Experience with Alumina on Alumina Weight Bearing in Everyday Orthopedic Practice." Key Engineering Materials 614 (June 2014): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.614.212.
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The research for an ideal hip prosthesis has led to the development of several durable materials that have been tested very intensly during the past decades, both clinically and mechanically. Alumina on alumina bearing has proven to be a very reliable bearing and is used more and more often. Nevertheless, because of the lack of ductility of alumina ceramic, concerns have been raised regarding its risk of fracture. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the mid-term results (78 months follow-up) of alumina on alumina prosthesis and the complications that have appeared regarding to the properties of the implant. We have reviewed retrospectively 89 THA performed in our clinic during October 2005 – October 2013 on a follow-up period of maximum 78 months. The mean age of the patients included was 49,60 years for men and 48,44 years for women. It was used a single kind of implant with same type of alumina parts, applied only on a postero-lateral surgical approach. The survival rate of ceramic-on-ceramic bearing surface by itself was 98.87% (88 out of 89). The most frequent complication was the dislocation of the prosthesis that happened in 7 cases, mainly due to a malposition of the acetabular cup, without any damage done to the ceramic bearing surfaces. In the failed case we have encountered a cracked femoral head that has been previously resterilized by steam. We could conclude that the alumina on alumina prosthesis is a very reliable prosthesis regarding its durability and strength. It requires a very precise surgical technique when implanted, since almost all the complications were due to a malposition of the acetabular component. A postero-lateral wall of the liner might decrease the rate of dislocations and ceramic wear. Also, we might debate that the steam sterilization is not suitable for alumina implants, since the fractured femoral head was resterilized.
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Doloksaribu, Maryati, Pintor Simamora, Mukti Hamjah Harahap, Kristin Kristin, and Puspita Sari. "Ceramic Oxide MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 as Capacitor." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.2532.
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This study aims to analyze the effect of the composition MgO-SiO2-AL2O3 on dielectric constant, hardness, and microstructure. Good ceramics can be produced from an alloy of ceramic materials with a certain composition that is hard and able to store electric charge. Magnesium Oxide (MgO) ranked as the most heat-resistant insulating material for application practice. Silica (SiO2) is known for its hardness, besides that silica can also reduce plasticity and reduce dry shrinkage. The addition of alumina (AL2O3) to the ceramic resulted in a reduction in the mass of the ceramic. However, the hardness value obtained is increasing. So that the alloy between MgO-SiO2-AL2O3 is expected to produce ceramics that have superior mechanical and electrical properties. This study varied the composition of MgO-SiO2-AL2O3 with a composition ratio of 50%:50%:0%, 80%:15%:5%, 60%:32%:8%, 30%:63%,12%, 10%:75%:15%. Sintering was carried out at 12000C with a holding time of 8 hours. Then the sample's capacitance was measured using a capacitance meter and calculated the value of the dielectric constant, and hardness test using the Rockwell Hardness Tester type. The samples that have been tested for hardness are then taken three hardness values, namely low, medium, and high hardness to be tested for microstructure by SEM. The results show the MgO content increases, the value of the dielectric constant will increase but cause more pores. The level of SiO2-AL2O3 increases the higher the hardness value and the smaller the number of pores. Of the 5 samples that have been studied, the best sample used is sample 3 which has a good dielectric constant value, moderate hardness value, and the microstructure of the number of pores is not too much
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Wang, Shao Hong, Dan Zhou, Zhao Xia Hou, Mei Han Wang, and Xiao Dan Hu. "Lamination of Green Ceramic Tapes in the Manufacturing of Multilayer Ceramic Devices." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.290.
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Lamination of green ceramic tapes is one of the most important technological processes in the manufacturing of multilayer ceramic devices and it has determined influence on the quality of the devices. Therefore, choosing proper lamination technique is very important to a designed structure. The development of lamination techniques of green ceramic tapes is of great significance for the electronic communication industry and it has become a hot spot in the research. In this paper, the main lamination techniques in the present research and practice are overviewed. As to the development prospect and direction of the lamination of green ceramic tapes, the own opinions are given on the basis of lamination study in recent years.
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Aguirre, Jerry, Marcos Vargas, and Paul Garland. "Radiation Mechanisms and Electromagnetic Interference in Ceramic Electronic Packages." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 000628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-wa36.
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A full-wave electromagnetic analysis for characterizing typical electromagnetic shielding practices in ceramic electronic packages is presented. Typically in printed circuit board emissions, the power plane emissions, and exposed surface nets are considered, however, the signal interconnect from the PCB to an electronic package can also be a significant source of radiation and hence an electromagnetic interference (EMI) issue. In this paper we describe electromagnetic radiation mechanisms resulting from high-frequency and high-speed applications in ceramic multilayer electronic packages and review the typical practice of implementing via fences to mitigate and reduce the EMI risk within a package substrate and also for the case when the package is part of a package/board configuration.
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Mirkovic, Nemanja. "Effect of recasting on the elastic modulus of metal-ceramic systems from nickel-chromium and cobalt-chromium alloys." Vojnosanitetski pregled 64, no. 7 (2007): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0707469m.
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Background/Aim. Elastic modulus of metal-ceramic systems determines their flexural strength and prevents damages on ceramics during mastication. Recycling of basic alloys is often a clinical practice, despite the possible effects on the quality of the future metal-ceramic dentures. This research was done to establish recasting effects of nickel-chromium and cobalt-chromium alloys on the elastic modulus of metalceramic systems in making fixed partial dentures. Methods. The research was performed as an experimental study. Six metal-ceramic samples of nickel-chromium alloy (Wiron 99) and cobalt-chromium alloy (Wirobond C) were made. Alloy residues were recycled through twelve casting generations with the addition of 50% of new alloy on the occasion of every recasting. Three- point bending test was used to determine elastic modulus, recommended by the standard ISO 9693:1999. Fracture load for damaging ceramic layer was recorded on the universal testing machine (Zwick, type 1464), with the speed of 0,05 mm/min. Results. The results of this research revealed significant differences between elasticity modules of metal-ceramic samples in every examined recycle generation. Recasting had negative effect on the elastic modulus of the examined alloys. This research showed the slight linear reduction of elastic modulus up to the 6th generation of recycling. After the 6th recycling there was a sudden fall of elastic modulus. Conclusion. Recasting of nickelchromium and cobalt-chromium alloys is not recommended because of the reduced elastic modulus of these alloys. Instead of reusing previously recasted alloys, the alloy residues should be returned to the manufacturer. .
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Oliveira, Francisca das Chagas, Paulysendra Felipe Silva, Rebeka Manuela Lobo Sousa, Phillype Dowglas Lopes, Francisco Arlon de Oliveira Chaves, Marcelo Henrique Dias Sousa, Gilvan Moreira da Paz, and Roberto Arruda Lima Soares. "Making the ecological brick using powder residues of Ceramic Tiles." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss7.3228.
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The residues generated by the ceramic factories, among the most varied types, represent a large part of the waste produced and the one that comes from the production of red ceramics such as tiles and bricks, reflects in great part of all the constituents of these residues. The use of tailings is becoming an increasingly common practice, often because it does not have a correct final destination and in some places, there is a shortage of natural materials. The present work aims to study the addition of residues of ceramic tiles dust in the characteristics and properties of ecological brick. A literature review on the topic was carried out, in addition to granulometric characterizations, absorption tests, thermal comfort and simple compression. After carrying out the tests, the possibility of using it as a component of the ecological brick and using it in the region of Teresina-PI was studied. The samples produced with tile powder residue showed excellent results, therefore, through this study it was possible to prove that the reuse of these residues is valid for use in civil construction.
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Lovell, Martin. "Goldfingered: Gold Alloy and Metal-Ceramic Restorations in Dental Practice." Primary Dental Care os14, no. 1 (January 2007): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576107779398057.
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Sjögren, Göran, Rolf Lantto, and Anders Tillberg. "Clinical evaluation of all-ceramic crowns (Dicor) in general practice." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 81, no. 3 (March 1999): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(99)70269-6.
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Notis, M. R. "Advances in ceramic hot forming and pressing: Theory and practice." Ceramics International 11, no. 4 (October 1985): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(85)90070-7.
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Zaraska, Krzysztof, Janina Gaudyn, Adam Bienńkowski, Marek Dohnalik, Andrzej Czerwiński, Mariusz Płuska, Monika Machnik, and Katarzyna Wójcik. "X-Ray Inspection of LTCC Devices: Theory and Practice." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.289.
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The appeal of the LTCC (low temperature cofired ceramic) process lies in the possibility of creating multilayer (3D) structures, integrating conductor paths between passive elements, such as inductors, resistors, and resonance cavities. Unfortunately, the very nature of a cofired device makes postfiring optical inspection of buried elements impossible, as the ceramic material is opaque to visible light. This limitation, however, does not exist at x-ray wavelengths. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical overview of the application of high resolution x-ray imaging for nondestructive inspection and fault detection in multilayer LTCC structures. First, we present a simplified mathematical description of x-ray absorption inside an LTCC structure and demonstrate that due to the physical properties of the substrate (glass/Al2O3 ceramic), the conductor material (silver), and the cavity fill (air), a high contrast image of the investigated structure can be obtained. Next, we show the application of a commercial off the shelf industrial x-ray system for imaging various faults in LTCC structures, such as via voids (caused by inadequate filling of a via hole with conductor material), microcracks, paste creep (during lamination, excess via conductor leaks out of the via hole and in between the tape layers, shorting the via to an adjacent circuit), interruptions in conductor paths, and alignment errors. We also demonstrate the application of computed tomography to verify 3D geometry of buried resonance cavities and detect tape delaminations. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the method, related to structure thickness (number of layers), material composition, imaging geometry, and equipment characteristics, such as detector resolution and spatial noise.
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Brandt, Silvia, Anna Winter, Hans-Christoph Lauer, Fritz Kollmar, Soo-Jeong Portscher-Kim, and Georgios Romanos. "IPS e.max for All-Ceramic Restorations: Clinical Survival and Success Rates of Full-Coverage Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures." Materials 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030462.
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The IPS e.max system by Ivoclar Vivadent, offering a variety of products and indications, is widely used for all-ceramic restorations. We analyzed the clinical track record of these products in daily clinical practice, associating their restorative survival rate with various parameters to define recommendations for long-term stability. A total of 1058 full-coverage crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) were evaluated retrospectively over up to 66.48 (37.05 ± 18.4) months. All were made of IPS e.max Press, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max Ceram or IPS e.max ZirPress and had been delivered by a private dental practice within three years. Uses not recommended by the manufacturer were also deliberately included. The five-year cumulative survival was 94.22% (i.e., 94.69% or 90.58% for glass-ceramic crowns or FDPs and 100% or 90.06% for zirconia-based crowns or FDPs). Significantly superior outcomes emerged for conventional vs. adhesive cementation and for vital vs. non-vital abutment teeth, but not for recommended vs. non-recommended uses. Caution is required in restoring non-vital teeth, but the spectrum of recommended uses should generally be reconsidered and expanded, given our finding of high survival and success rates for IPS e.max ceramics, even for uses not currently recommended by the manufacturer.
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Wilson, David E., and Peter M. Day. "EM I chronology and social practice: pottery from the early palace tests at Knossos." Annual of the British School at Athens 95 (November 2000): 21–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400004573.
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This article presents a stylistic assessment of the pottery from early tests (1900–1905) at Knossos that may be assigned to EM I. There follows a discussion of the problems of ceramic phasing of EM I Knossos and the relative chronology of Central Crete with the South Aegean in EB I. Finally, the social context of ceramic consumption at EM I Knossos and North-Central Crete is explored, and the possible evidence this may provide for ritualised social practice at Knossos and emergent social differentiation and power.
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Klesner, Catherine, Jay A. Stephens, Emilio Rodriguez-Alvarez, and Pamela B. Vandiver. "Reconstructing the Firing and Pigment Processing Technologies of Corinthian Polychrome Ceramics, 8-6th Centuries B.C.E." MRS Advances 2, no. 35-36 (2017): 1889–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.257.
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ABSTRACTDecorative, polychrome ceramics from Corinth, Greece, produced during the 8th-6th centuries B.C.E. were luxury goods widely traded throughout Greece and the Mediterranean. Corinthian pottery is the first 5-color polychrome ceramic technology, having slip-glazes in distinctive white, black, red, yellow, and purple colors, and in a variety of surface finishes from glossy, to semi-matte, to matte. The firing temperature range, 925-1075°C, was determined experimentally to be to be higher than previously reported, similar to the Corinthian amphorae and other ceramic products. This firing range is higher than that of the better known, more prestigious Athenian Black-figure and Red-figure ceramics. In this study three examples of Corinthian and one example of Athenian Black-figure ceramics from the Marie Farnsworth collection at the University of Arizona were tested and compared to thirteen clays from Corinth. Analytical techniques included Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning-electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe (EPMA with BSE-SEM).Artisans in Corinthian workshops experimented to change the colors of the slips by varying the type and amount of iron-rich raw material, as well as the composition of the clay used as a binder and the amount of flux used as a sintering aid to promote glass formation. Corinthian artisans developed not only different recipes to produce the various colors, but also they were able to control raw-material particle size and composition to produce variations in surface luster (matte, semi-matte and glossy). This research suggests that Corinthian polychrome-slip technology was based on careful control of particle processing, of compositional control of raw materials and their admixtures, and of firing temperature. The behavior or practice of adding different ratios of pigments and glass-forming fluxes to form various optical effects implies a detailed knowledge of what happens when these are heated and fired. This is a process of experimentation focused on developing a distinctive craft practice, which produced a distinctive and highly valued material. The Corinthians developed a more complex, easily recognizable, and culturally distinctive ceramic technology that was intentionally established as a cultural brand, and probably as a luxury brand of high socio-economic value. This research deepens our understanding of the complex pigment processing and firing technologies employed in the production of Corinthian ceramics.
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Benchmarking Indian ceramic enterprises based on green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 9 (November 29, 2018): 3628–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2017-0330.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in performance of the Indian ceramic enterprises. The paper also aims at benchmarking the Indian ceramic enterprises based on enterprise size and market orientation (export activity). Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the empirical study of Indian ceramic industry. Propositions are developed to study: the impact of GSCM pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices, improvement in GSCM performance, and the effect of GSCM pressures on implementation of practices, and impact of GSCM practices on GSCM performance. Data are collected from Indian ceramic enterprises of different sizes. Exploratory factor analysis is performed to segregate the pressures, practices and performance variables into constructs. Two-step algorithm, with log-likelihood measures of distance and Bayesian information criterion, is used to decide the optimal number of clusters. These clusters are compared and benchmarked according to the enterprise size and export activity. Findings This study finds that the implementation level of GSCM practices is higher in large- and medium-size enterprises as compared to small-size enterprises. Large- and medium-size enterprises have high impact of mimetic and informative pressures and small enterprises have high impact of coercive pressure (CP). Although the CP is high on small enterprises but due to the limited resources, these enterprises cannot afford to implement GSCM practices. The implementation of GSCM practices results into the improvement of environmental and operational performance but decrease in economic performance. Practical implications The findings of this study will suggest the policy maker to encourage the diffusion mechanism through a collaborative partnership with larger enterprises to enhance the implementation level of GSCM practices in small-size enterprises. Originality/value The novelty of the paper are: it analyzes and benchmarks GSCM pressures, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises by considering enterprises size and export activities as control variables, and it finds the effect of GSCM pressures on the implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in enterprise performance for Indian ceramic enterprises.
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Bai, Ling Yun, and Long Fa Jiang. "Analysis of " Electronic Ceramics" Bilingual Course Construction and Teaching Practice." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2513–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2513.
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This paper describes the necessity of the construction of "electronic ceramic" bilingual curriculum, and analysis the situation of teachers in the lessons preparing, teaching and examine segments in practice, in order to provide reference for the construction of the other bilingual courses.
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Fabricky, Mihai M. C., Robert Cosmin Racea, Ioana Macasoi, Iulia Pinzaru, Cosmin Sinescu, Horatiu Cristian Manea, Laura-Cristina Rusu, Dana Stoian, Roxana Buzatu, and Stefania Dinu. "The In Vitro Impact of Two Scaffold-Type Structure Dental Ceramics on the Viability, Morphology, and Cellular Migration of Pharyngeal Cancer Cells." Coatings 12, no. 8 (August 18, 2022): 1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081212.
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There is a growing trend with respect to the use of ceramic materials in dental practice. With an increase in the number of cases of head and neck cancer, the use of dental implants in these patients is subject to controversy. Consequently, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of two ceramic materials on the viability, proliferation, migration, and structure of the cytoskeleton and nuclei of pharyngeal cancer cells. Therefore, samples of the two ceramic were immersed in artificial saliva with three different pH values in order to better simulate the natural biological environment. A 21-day immersion period was followed by testing of the saliva on pharyngeal cancer cell line Detroit-562 for its viability, morphology, and migration, as well as its effects on the nucleus and cytoskeleton. The results of the study after stimulation of Detroit-562 cells for 72 h with the three types of artificial saliva in which the ceramic materials were immersed indicated the following: (i) viability of cells did not change significantly, with the percentage of viable cells not falling below 90%; (ii) no morphological changes were recorded, with the shape and number of cells being similar to that of the control cells; (iii) the scratch assay method indicated that the two types of ceramics do not stimulate cell migration; and (iv) fluorescence immunocytochemistry revealed that both the nucleus and the cytoskeleton distributions were unaltered, as they were observed in unstimulated cells. The preliminary results of the study indicate that the investigated ceramic materials did not interact unfavorably with tumor cells when immersed in artificial saliva, thereby supporting the possibility of their safe use in cancer patients.
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Li, Huan, Zhen Yi Feng, Yan Ju Li, Yu Xiao, and Min Zheng. "The Practice of Aluminum Plate Material in Modern Traffic Architecture." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1195.
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With the rapid development of China's railway construction, the modern traffic architecturee used aluminum plate material in decoration more widely. This paper describes the different types of aluminum plate materials, and then introduces the function and the economy of the ceramic aluminum plate in modern traffic architecture.
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Dionisio, Giulia, and Daniela Puzio. "Restoration in archaeological university courses: practical ceramic conservation laboratory in graduate school in archaeology – UNIFI." Studies in Digital Heritage 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 682–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23191.
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In theoretical Archaeological University courses it is often impossible to act directly on artifacts owing to the lack of products and working spaces and the poor availability of suitable materials. However, the archaeologist’s work is mainly carried out in the field and in most cases requires direct conservative procedures on archaeological ceramics to allow their study and documentation. As such, the lack of practical restoration laboratories within the university curricula represents a serious gap in the training of future professional archaeologists. In 2016 a practical laboratory of ceramic conservation was established for the first time inside the Graduate School of Archaeology of the University of Florence. The goal was to give students the opportunity to put into practice the theoretical conservation lessons learned in the classroom. Trainees were put to work directly both on archaeological and modern ceramic materials, so as to learn which materials to use and how to make all relevant operations for the cultural heritage conservation (cleaning, sticking and integration of missing parts). All the operations carried out during the course followed the same procedures currently required on archaeological ceramics by the Superintendency for Archaeological Heritage of Tuscany. All the steps taken in the laboratory are similar to those implemented on a Mycenaean stirrup jar reported in the poster as an example.
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Rinke, Sven, Anne-Kathrin Pabel, Matthias Rödiger, and Dirk Ziebolz. "Chairside Fabrication of an All-Ceramic Partial Crown Using a Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic." Case Reports in Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1354186.
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The chairside fabrication of a monolithic partial crown using a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic is described. The fully digitized model-free workflow in a dental practice is possible due to the use of a powder-free intraoral scanner and the computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) of the restorations. The innovative ZLS material offers a singular combination of fracture strength (>370 Mpa), optimum polishing characteristics, and excellent optical properties. Therefore, this ceramic is an interesting alternative material for monolithic restorations produced in a digital workflow.
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Zhou, Liting, Xiaomei Zou, Yongnan Huang, Yiyong Li, Luyao Guo, and Junyu Fu. "Inheritance and Innovation of Pottery Sculpture Technique in Shiwan, China: A Grounded Study from Cultural Ecology." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 3344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043344.
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Ceramics play an important role in human daily life and production practice. Pottery sculpture technique is the core of ceramic making. However, the production process of traditional ceramics is accompanied by high pollution, which has a great impact on human health and the ecological environment. Rapid development of industrialization has exacerbated this consequence. As the “Pottery Capital of Southern China”, Foshan has been involved in environmental crises while relying on the ceramic industry to develop. Since the 21st century, Foshan has gradually successfully driven to upgrade the city from industrial to culture-led by carrying out positive innovations in Shiwan pottery sculpture technique. Therefore, based on the theoretical perspective of cultural ecology, this paper selects Shiwan pottery sculpture technique as the object, uses Python (Octopus Collector) to obtain data, and applies grounded theory to generate the ecological evolution model. This study discussed how the Shiwan pottery sculpture technique promotes the harmonious coexistence of human beings, industries, and cities in the new cultural ecological environment of the 21st century by exploring and clarifying the interaction and function of different elements in different stages of evolution. Finally, this study not only makes up for the current lack of research on Shiwan’s cultural ecology, but also provides meaningful reference for environmental reform in other industrialized cities.
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Garachon, Isabelle. "Fired Infills and Replacement Parts to Ceramics in the Rijksmuseum." Rijksmuseum Bulletin 65, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52476/trb.9769.
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There are many objects in historic ceramics collections, like the Rijksmuseum’s, that have replacement parts and infills. Strikingly, the materials and techniques employed to make these repairs in the past were rarely the same as those originally used in manufacturing the object. This was primarily because it is technically very complicated to make additions in ceramics – clay shrinks and expands with each new firing. It also, however, requires specialist knowledge and skills to get the shape, colour and feel of a reconstruction or infill to match the original. There is limited information about this special restoration practice in the literature. This article aims to prompt further research into the technical and historical aspects of ceramic infills and replacements, particularly since they are becoming increasingly accepted as part of the history of the object.
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Molodin, Vyacheslav Ivanovich, and Ludmila Nikolaevna Mylnikova. "THEORY AND PRACTICE OF RESEARCH ANCIENT CERAMICS: TRADITIONAL AND THE LATEST METHODS." Samara Journal of Science 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20153211.
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Presents traditional and new methods of studying ancient pottery. Stressed that in the world literature there is practically no standard (or at least consistent) approach to the study of ancient ceramics samples using the methods of the natural sciences. Was marked severities and shortcomings and the main is: lack of access for archaeologists to use physical and chemical methods; unsystematic and randomness of the results; the inability to compare results. Lack of specialists among archaeologists and weak interest natural scientists led to the fact that have not yet been generalized instructional techniques of individual tests. The methods used for the study of ceramics, do not become the subject of training in higher educational institutions. That's why many archaeologists who study the technology of ancient pottery do not accept these methods because of considering them formal. Noted that the instrumental analysis using the methods of the natural sciences is aimed primarily at identifying those features that allow you to identify the technical and technological traditions and techniques of ancient pottery: raw materials strategy formulation and molding compounds. We propose a set of analytical methods that can be used for the reconstruction of pottery technology. On the example of the ceramic collections of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, the transition time from the Bronze Age to the early Iron Age shows the possibility of some of the methods of the natural sciences: petrography, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis. It is concluded that the use of physical and chemical methods for the study of ancient ceramics can significantly enhance the ability of research material compared to traditional methods and increase the level of evidence and the objectivity for the historical and cultural situation.