Journal articles: 'Ceramic metal bonding'

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Scolaro, Juliano Milczewsky, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira, Accácio Lins do Valle, Gerson Bonfante, and Luiz Fernando Pegoraro. "Comparative study of ceramic-to-metal bonding." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 3 (2007): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000300012.

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Dentists and technicians have used dental ceramics associated with different types of alloys without taking into account the characteristics of compatibility of these materials. Knowing the properties of the alloy and ceramic used in metal/ceramic restorations is a key factor for treatment success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a palladium-silver alloy (Pors-on 4) to 3 ceramics (Ceramco, Noritake and Vita VMK-68) using shear forces at the metal-ceramic interface. A stainless steel cylindrical matrix was used for preparation of the metal dies, application of ceramic and shear strength testing. Thirty palladium-silver alloy cylinders received two layers of opaque and two layers of body porcelain, and shear tests were performed in a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Shear bond strength means (in MPa) were: 28.21(Ceramco), 28.96 (Noritake) and 24.11 (Vita VMK-68). One-way ANOVA did not show statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the materials. The results of this study indicate that the three evaluated ceramic systems are suitable to be used in combination with the tested palladium-silver alloy.

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Sreeja, R., P. V. Prabhakaran, Sushant K. Manwatkar, and S. Packirisamy. "Adhesive Joining of Metal to Metal and Metal to Ceramic by Ceramic Precursor Route." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.656.

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Inorganic ceramic adhesives (geopolymers) based on aluminosilicate matrix are versatile candidates for bonding metals to metals or metals to ceramics. On curing, they result in an amorphous, crosslinked, impervious, acid resistant 3D-structures. Alkali activated aluminosilicate based ceramic adhesive was developed for bonding metals to ceramics and metal to metal, for high temperature applications. The bonding is achieved at 175°C for 3 hrs, by solid state reaction of alkaline solution of allkalisilicate precursor with the refractory filler, contributing to the bulk aluminosilicate matrix. Lap shear strength of 2-4 MPa was obtained for bonding stainless steel. The XRD patterns show the amorphous nature of the aluminosilicate matrix, with mullite formation at higher temperatures. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the weight loss is only due to the removal of water from the system by means of evaporation and polycondensation of Si-OH groups and Al-OH groups. This is followed by structural reorganisation in which aluminium ions are incorporated into the silicate chains forming the Si-O-Al network resulting in the bonding with the metallic surface. The system can withstand the maximum operational temperatures of the substrates and can be used for bonding different metallic or ceramic, joints/interfaces for RLV-TD/TSTO.

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Gopinath, S., R. Sabarish, and R. Sasidharan. "Thermal analysis of metal-ceramic bonding using finite element method." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 3, no. 2 (April 26, 2014): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v3i2.1830.

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This paper reports a finite element study of effect of bonding strength between metal and ceramic. The bonding strength is evaluated with different processing temperature and holding time. The difference between the coefficients of linear thermal expansion (CTEs) of the metal and ceramic induces thermal stress at the interface. The mismatch thermal stress at the interface region plays an important role in improving bonding strength. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the interface bonding in metal-ceramics joints. The Al/SiC bonding was modeled and analyzed using finite element analysis in ANSYS (v.10). Keywords: Bonding Strength, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, Thermal Stress, Interface, Al/Sic, FEA.

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Takashio, Haruo. "Ceramic-metal bonding mechanism." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 24, no. 2 (1985): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.24.113.

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Chmielewski, M., D. Kalinski, and K. Pietrzak. "Properties Dependency of Alumina - Steel Joints on Bonding Technique." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 1614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1614.

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The development of technologies for joining ceramics and metals is connected with an introduction of new ceramic materials and new applications of ceramic-metal joints, to work in ever more difficult conditions. It concerns mainly ceramic-metal joints working at high and variable temperatures (a facing layer of burners, turbine vanes, etc.) or in a chemically aggressive environment (chemical apparatuses, purification plants). This paper presents the analysis of the influence of the bonding technique on thermal residual stresses generated in ceramic-metal joints and their properties. Technological bonding tests were made using well-known diffusion bonding and powder metallization techniques, and with elaborated sintered Al2O3-Cr gradient interlayer. Numerical calculations (the finite elements method) of the state of thermal residual stresses, as well as the verifying technological tests, were made for the following pair of materials: Al2O3 ceramics - heat resisting steel. There were also made tests of resistance for sudden temperature changes and for oxidation at high temperature. There was found a significant effect of the bonding techniques on the thermal residual stresses and properties of obtained alumina-steel joints.

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Yoo, Soo-Yoen, Seong-Kyun Kim, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, and Joung-Gyu Kim. "Effects of Bonding Agents on Metal-Ceramic Bond Strength of Co-Cr Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting." Materials 13, no. 19 (September 28, 2020): 4322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194322.

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Bonding agents have been developed to improve bond strength between ceramic and Co-Cr metal. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two bonding agents on bond strength of Co-Cr metal fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM). Bond strength was determined by a three-point bending test, and the interfaces of the metal and ceramic, before and after the bending test, were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the thickness of the oxide layer and amount of ceramic remaining. To analyze the elemental composition of the bonding agents and fractured surfaces, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used. Co-Cr specimens with bonding agent showed significantly higher bond strength than Co-Cr specimens without bonding agents. The fractured surfaces of most specimens showed mixed failure, but failure mode varied according to bonding agent and fabrication type. Specimens from groups treated with bonding agents had significantly higher remaining ceramic fractions on fractured Co-Cr alloys than specimens from groups that did not receive bonding agent. Mass amounts of silicone (Si) and titanium (Ti) on the fractured alloy surfaces were also different among specimens according to method of fabrication and presence of bonding agent. Together, the results suggest that application of bonding agent to 3D printed Co-Cr metal increases bond strength with ceramics.

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Miculescu, Marian, Mihai Branzei, Florin Miculescu, Daniela Meghea, and Marin Bane. "A Study on Metal-Ceramic Thermal Expansion Compatibility." Solid State Phenomena 216 (August 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.216.85.

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Push rod method for determining linear thermal expansion using vertical differential dilatometer was used in the study of the thermal compatibility of metal-ceramic systems for dental applications. The purpose of this study consisted in evaluating the effectiveness of dental coating by determining the ceramic metal bonding strength of metal-ceramic couples (Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloy coated with dental ceramic) and correlation with the difference of linear thermal expansion coefficients of metals and ceramics.

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Murakami, Itsuki, and Allan Schulman. "Aspects of Metal–Ceramic Bonding." Dental Clinics of North America 31, no. 3 (July 1987): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-8532(22)02075-4.

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Morozumi, Shotaro. "Preface in metal-ceramic bonding." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 25, no. 5 (1986): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.25.411.

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Evans, A. G., and M. Rühle. "Microstructure and Fracture Resistance of Metal/Ceramic Interfaces." MRS Bulletin 15, no. 10 (October 1990): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400058668.

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Metal-ceramic interfaces play an important, sometimes controlling, role in composites, multilayer substrates, capacitors, electron tubes, and automotive power sources. Often bonding and adhesion between the ceramic and metal are critical to the components' performance. Interface geometry and chemistry play a dominant role in determining the mechanical and electrical integrity of composites. Furthermore, unique properties may be developed from multilayer ceramic-metal structures.Systematic studies of metal-ceramic interfaces started in the early 1960s. Such studies were directed toward identifying general rules that govern bonding and interface behavior both theoretically and experimentally, including the thermodynamics of interfacial reactions and crys-tallographic relationships, and toward evaluating atomistic structure at the interface. This article summarizes results concerning the interrelation between atomistic structure and the macroscopic fracture resistance of metal-ceramic interfaces. More details are published in a recent conference proceedings.Determining atomistic structures of metal-ceramics interfaces is, in general, complicated since the two materials that have to be matched exhibit different atoms (ions) and possess different crystal symmetries, crystal structures, and lattice parameters. The adjacent lattices are not commensurate, the two different structures can be described as being just quasiperiodic. However, examples exist where the lattice mismatch is small, and both components possess the same lattice symmetry. Ag/MgO and Nb/Al2O3 interfaces are examples that serve as model systems for experimental studies as well as theoretical calculations. The interfaces can be formed either by diffusion-bonding, internal oxidation, or epitaxial film growth.

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Kim, Mi-Song, Won Sik Hong, and Yong-Mo Kim. "Bonding Characteristics of Solder and Sinter Joints on Active-Metal-Brazing Substrates with Nano Sputtered Ag-Cu-Ti Brazing Filler Metal." Journal of Welding and Joining 41, no. 6 (December 31, 2023): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5781/jwj.2023.41.6.15.

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In this study, to improve the bonding interfacial characteristics of active metal brazing (AMB) substrates, a Ag-Cu-Ti brazing filler metal (BFM) layer was formed on aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics by nano sputtering. The AMB substrates were manufactured by brazing bonding. The measured peel strengths of the bonding interfaces of the AlN and Si3N4 ceramics were 2.35 kgf/mm and 4.26 kgf/mm, respectively. Fracture surface analysis revealed AlN crack initiation at the ceramic/BFM interface, which progressed into the ceramic interior. Silicon carbide (SiC) devices for a power module were bonded on the AMB substrates by Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu soldering and Ag sintering bonding. To compare the deterioration characteristics of the joint interfaces, a thermal shock test was conducted. Microstructural analysis after the thermal shock test showed that no defects occurred at the Si3N4/BFM interface, whereas delamination occurred at the AlN/BFM interface. Summarizing, in this study, the characteristics of AMB interfaces coated with a Ag-Cu-Ti BFM using the sputtering process were identified and the suitability of a SiC-based power module package was confirmed.

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Riowruangsanggoon, Dhanabhol, Apiwat Riddhabhaya, Nattisa Niyomtham, and Irin Sirisoontorn. "Shear Bond Strength of Polypropylene Fiber in Orthodontic Adhesive on Glazed Monolithic Zirconia." Polymers 14, no. 21 (October 31, 2022): 4627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214627.

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This study aims to compare shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of failure (MOF) between ceramic and metal orthodontic brackets on glazed monolithic zirconia using non-woven polypropylene fiber adhesive. Sixty glazed and sintered zirconia blocks were divided into six groups and attached with orthodontic brackets as follows: CS, ceramic bracket with silane; CB, ceramic bracket with bonding agent; CBS, ceramic bracket with bonding agent and silane; MS, metal bracket with silane; MB, metal bracket with bonding agent; and MBS, metal bracket with bonding agent and silane. There was a statistically significant difference in mean SBS values (p < 0.001). The CS group showed the highest SBS value (23.42 ± 3.88 MPa). On the other hand, the lowest was found in the MB group, which was not statistically different from the CB group (3.26 ± 0.76 and 5.09 ± 1.50 MPa, respectively). The MS, MBS, and CBS groups showed no statistical difference compared to each other (15.57 ± 4.01, 13.23 ± 5.47, and 12.77 ± 4.43 MPa, respectively). SBS is highest when a ceramic bracket with silane is bonded to glazed monolithic zirconia.

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Klokkevold, Katherine N., Weston Keeven, Dong Hun Lee, Michael Clevenger, Mingyuan Liu, Kwangsoo No, Han Wook Song, and Sunghwan Lee. "Low-temperature metal/Zerodur heterogeneous bonding through gas-phase processed adhesion promoting interfacial layers." AIP Advances 12, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 105224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/6.0002114.

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The bonding of ceramic to metal has been challenging due to the dissimilar nature of the materials, particularly different surface properties and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). To address the issues, gas phase-processed thin metal films were inserted at the metal/ceramic interface to modify the ceramic surface and, therefore, promote heterogeneous bonding. In addition, an alloy bonder that is mechanically and chemically activated at as low as 220 °C with reactive metal elements was utilized to bond the metal and ceramic. Stainless steel (SS)/Zerodur is selected as the metal/ceramic bonding system where Zerodur is chosen due to the known low CTE. The low-temperature process and the low CTE of Zerodur are critical to minimizing the undesirable stress evolution at the bonded interface. Sputtered Ti, Sn, and Cu (300 nm) were deposited on the Zerodur surface, and then dually activated molten alloy bonders were spread on both surfaces of the coated Zerodur and SS at 220 °C in air. The shear stress of the bonding was tested with a custom-designed fixture in a universal testing machine and was recorded through a strain indicator. The mechanical strength and the bonded surface property were compared as a function of interfacial metal thin film and analyzed through thermodynamic interfacial stability/instability calculations. A maximum shear strength of bonding of 4.36 MPa was obtained with Cu interfacial layers, while that of Sn was 3.53 MPa and that of Ti was 3.42 MPa. These bonding strengths are significantly higher than those (∼0.04 MPa) of contacts without interfacial reactive thin metals.

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Koleňák, Roman, and Igor Kostolný. "Study of Direct Bonding Ceramics with Metal Using Sn2La Solder." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/269167.

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The aim of this research was to study the direct bonding of ceramic materials, mainly Al2O3and selected metals, with primary attention given to Cu substrate. Soldering was performed with Sn-based solder alloyed with 2% La. We found that the bond formation between Sn2La solder and Al2O3occurs at the activation of lanthanum phases in solder by ultrasound. Lanthanum in the solder becomes oxidised in air during the soldering process. However, due to ultrasonic activation, the lanthanum particles are distributed to the boundary with ceramic material. A uniformly thin layer containing La, 1.5 µm in thickness, is formed on the boundary with Al2O3material, ensuring both wetting and joint formation. The shear strength with Al2O3ceramics is 7.5 MPa. Increased strength to 13.5 MPa was observed with SiC ceramics.

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Huang, S. W., S. Burgess, L. Németh Wehrmann, D. Nolan, and Tara Chandra. "Insulated Rail Joints for Signalling Applications." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 4069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.4069.

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Insulated rail joint assemblies provide electrical insulation between two sections of rail for signalling purposes. In this work, rail steel was successfully bonded to PSZ ceramic using an active brazing technique. In order to increase the wettability of the PSZ ceramics, titanium coating was deposited on the ceramic surface using a filtered arc deposition system. A filler metal called BVAg-18 (60%Ag-30%Cu-10%Sn) was used and the joining was performed at a temperature of 750 °C. Bonding between partially stabilised zirconia and rail steel with BVAg-18 filler metal was not achieved using a standard brazing method. Bonding did occur with the BVAg-18 filler metal using the advanced brazing technique of active metal brazing, with best results obtained using a brazing temperature of 750oC and a dwell time of 10 minutes. The microstructure of the coating and joint interface were characterised by XRD, SEM and EDS.

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Pouyanfar, Hoda, Amin Golshah, and Matin Shekarbeigi. "Shear Bond Strength of Metal and Ceramic Brackets to Composite Using Single Bond and Universal Adhesive." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, no. D (February 5, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3118.

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AIM: This study aimed to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic brackets bonded to composite restorations using single bond 5th generation bonding agent and G-Premio Bond universal adhesive. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro, experimental study, 60 sound extracted human premolars were veneered with composite and were then randomly divided into four groups (n = 15) of Single Bond + Transbond XT + metal brackets, universal adhesive + Transbond XT+ metal brackets, Single Bond + Transbond XT + ceramic brackets, and universal adhesive + Transbond XT + ceramic brackets. Twenty-four hours after thermocycling, the SBS of brackets was measured using a universal testing machine. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was also determined under a stereomicroscope. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the groups (p <0.05). RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the mean SBS of ceramic and metal brackets or between the two bonding agents (p > 0.05). The interaction effect of type of bracket and type of bonding agent on SBS was not significant (p > 0.05). ARI score I had the highest frequency in Single Bond + Metal bracket group. The highest frequency of ARI score V was noted in the Single Bond + Ceramic bracket group. A comparison of ARI scores of metal bracket groups showed a significant difference between single bond and universal adhesive (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Both adhesives can provide adequate SBS for the bonding of metal and ceramic brackets to composite restorations.

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M. Hamouda, Ibrahim, Enas M. Elddainony, Mosaad A. ELgabrouny, and Fahim M. El-Shamy. "Shear Bond Strength of Repaired Ceramic-Metal Restorations Using Different Bonding Agents with Different Surface Treatments." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 9, no. 1 (November 30, 2021): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/162.

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Background: Fracture of ceramic-metal restorations is a major problem facing the dentists and the patients. There are several bonding systems currently available in the market to repair the fractured ceramic-metal restorations inside or outside the oral cavity. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the efficiency of repairing of metal-ceramic restorations using different bonding systems with different surface treatments. This efficiency was tested through the conduction of shear bond strength of the composite bonded to the porcelain and to nickel-chromium alloy using three different bonding agents (Excite, AdheSE, and Prompt L-Pop) with four different surface treatments (sandblasting and enchant, diamond stone roughening, sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid etching, or without surface treatment). Materials and Methods: A total of 120 specimens were prepared, 60 specimens from porcelain and 60 specimens from nickel-chromium alloy. Each group was divided into three equal subgroups, 20 specimens each, corresponding to the 3 bonding agents used. Each subgroup was further subdivided into four subgroups, 5 specimens each, corresponding to the surface treatment procedures. Bonding agents applied over all specimens and cured, followed by application of a micro-hybrid light-cured composite resin (Tetric Ceram). Thermal cycling was done for all specimens between 5°C and 55°C for 1000 cycles with a 10-second dwell time. Shear bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine ata cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results: The highest shear bond strength value recorded for the porcelain specimens bonded with Excite bonding agent with surface treatment sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid etching. In metal groups, the AdheSE bonding agent showed the highest shear bond strength value with the same surface treatment of the porcelain specimens. It was observed that sandblasting followed by hydrofluoric acid etching produced the most effective treatment method for porcelain and metal surfaces. Conclusion: The most effective technique for repairing metal ceramic restoration was sandblasting with hydrofluoric acid etching as surface treatment together with AdheSE or Excite bonding agents.

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Mehmeti, Blerim, Rina Caka, and Fjolla Kabashi. "Ngjitja e breketave ortodontike në siperfaqe të restaurimeve pro- tetike nga qeramika." Revista e Stomatologëve të Kosovës 2, no. 2 (December 11, 2023): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59138/vlwzpdyjhpomr.

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The frequent demand for aesthetics in adults has resulted in dynamic changes in the methods and appliances with which orthodontic treatment is carried out, from braces welded to metal rings to clear aligners. With these new developments in technology and the continued demands of clinicians, advances were also made in bonding materi- als. Particularly challenging is the bonding of brackets to the surfaces of prosthetic restorations made of different types of ceramics, where their glass surface is not suitable for resin penetration, so there is a higher failure rate com- pared to bonding brackets to enamel. It mainly depends on the type of ceramic, the preparation of their surface, the bonding material, the type of brace and other factors. This review of the literature aims to analyze the factors that af- fect the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brack- ets attached to the surface of different types of ceramics used for prosthetic tooth restoration. Through this, we aim to contribute in determining a more appropriate way for bonding orthodontic brackets to the surfaces of ceramic prosthetic restorations.

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Daróczi, Lajos, C. Hegedűs, V. Kökényesi, and Dezső L. Beke. "Interfacial Structures Developed by Firing Metal-Ceramic Dental Systems." Materials Science Forum 517 (June 2006): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.517.153.

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Metal-ceramic systems play very important role in the prosthetic dentistry. The most widely used metallic alloys are the Ni-Cr, Co-Cr, Au-based alloys and Ti. The bonding strength between the metal base and the ceramic covering layer can be very different in different systems and is strongly affected by the firing conditions as well. For the further improvement of the bonding properties the detailed knowledge of the microstructure of the metal–ceramic interlayer is essential. In this work our results, obtained by scanning and transmission electron microscopy on systems of commercial alloys and corresponding porcelains will be reviewed.

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Sorrell, Charles C. "Phase Equilibria Considerations in Ceramic-Metal Bonding." Key Engineering Materials 111-112 (September 1995): 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.111-112.127.

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Kagawa, Yutaka. "Evaluation of strength in metal-ceramic bonding." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 25, no. 5 (1986): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.25.428.

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Qin, C. D., and B. Derby. "Interface Reactions during Metal/Ceramic Diffusion Bonding." Microelectronics International 7, no. 2 (February 1990): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb044410.

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Besson, J., J. L. Terrier, and P. H. Dubois. "Analysis of metal- ceramic bonding by frettage." Metallurgical Transactions A 23, no. 10 (October 1992): 2791–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02651758.

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Alber, U., R. Schweinfest, and M. Riihle. "Bonding and Stability of Metal/Ceramic Interfaces." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 768–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600023965.

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Metal/ceramic interfaces play a crucial role in materials science and for various industrial purposes. In technical applications these interfaces are often exposed to high temperatures and different atmospheres. This often results in a change of the mechanical stability via the morphology and electronic structure of the interfaces. We present a comprehensive analytical electron microcopy (AEM) and fracture mechanics study of this connection on a metal/ceramic-interface model system: Cu/ α-Al2O3.The specimens were produced by UHV diffusion bonding of bulk Cu to (α-Al2O3 single crystals. Two different Cu materials were used, either pure Cu (noted: Cu) or Cu containing 83±12 ppm oxygen (noted: Cu(O)). After bonding the interfaces were annealed in an oxygen partial pressure at 1000°C between 20 and 120 h. Four point bending tests showed an increase of the fracture energy for the Cu(O)/α -Al2O3-interfaces compared to the Cu(O)/α-Al2O3-interfaces by a factor of 5±2.

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Pedraza, A. J. "METAL-CERAMIC BONDING BY PULSED LASER PROCESSING." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 8, no. 2 (March 1993): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426919308934827.

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Rathi, Shraddha, B. Chittaranjan, Hari Parkash, and Akshaya Bhargava. "Oxidation heat treatment affecting metal-ceramic bonding." Indian Journal of Dental Research 22, no. 6 (2011): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.94664.

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Juntavee, Patrapan, Hattanas Kumchai, Niwut Juntavee, and Dan Nathanson. "Effect of Ceramic Surface Treatment and Adhesive Systems on Bond Strength of Metallic Brackets." International Journal of Dentistry 2020 (May 25, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7286528.

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Objective. This study evaluated the effect of ceramic surface treatments on bond strength of metal brackets to machinable ceramics and veneering porcelain using different adhesive resins. Materials and methods. Machined ceramic specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were prepared from Vitablocs mark II (Vita) and IPS e.max® CAD (Ivoclar). Layered porcelain fused to metal (IPS d.Sign®, Ivoclar) was used to fabricate PFM specimens (n = 60/group). Half of specimens were etched (9.6% HF, 15 sec), and the rest were nonetched. Three resin bonding systems were used for attaching metal brackets (Victory series™ APC II, 3M) to each group (n = 10): Transbond™ XT (3M), Light Bond™ (Reliance), or Blugloo™ (Ormco), all cured with LED curing unit (Bluephase G1600, Vivadent) for 50 s each. Specimens were immersed in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours prior to shear bond testing (Instron) at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Debond surface of ceramic and bracket base was examined for failure mode (FM), Ceramic Damage Index (CDI), and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). ANOVA and post hoc multiple comparisons were used to analyze the differences in bond strength. The chi-squared test was used to determine significance effect of FM, CDI, and ARI. Results. Significant differences in shear bond strength among group were found (p≤0.05) related to ceramic, surface treatment, and resin cement. Conclusion. Bond strength of bracket to ceramic is affected by type of ceramic, resin cement, and ceramic surface conditioning. Etching ceramic surface enhanced ceramic-bracket bond strength. However, bond strengths in nontreated ceramic surface groups were still higher than bond strength required for bonding in orthodontic treatment.

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Muraoka, Shunsuke, and Masayoshi Tateno. "Dependence of bonding strength and variations in residual stress on interface wedge angles and bonding temperature conditions." MRS Advances 5, no. 33-34 (2020): 1765–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.156.

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AbstractResidual stress can considerably weaken systems with ceramics-to-metal joints. Herein, we investigate the dependence of bonding strength and residual stress variation of a ceramics-to-metal joint system on the interface wedge angle and bonding temperature condition. First, disparity between large-scale displacement models with varying work-hardening parameters was confirmed using thermal elastoplastic Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Each interface wedge shape was set to a plane surface to compare FEM results to experimental results related to the effect of the interface wedge angle on the practical bonding strength. The experimental results were specifically for a system consisting of Si3N4-WC/TiC/TaC bonded to Ni plate. The effects of the wedge angle of the metal side on residual stress near the interface edge were numerically predicted using FEM models. The interface wedge angles for this model, φ1 and φ2, were defined using the configuration angle between the interface and free surfaces of both materials. The numerical results showed that the stress σr on the free surface of the ceramic side was concentrated near the interface edge at which discontinuity in the stress state is generated. Dependence of the residual stress variation on both the wedge angle and temperature conditions can be predicted. It was confirmed that the bonding strength improves with decreasing residual stress in geometrical conditions. Therefore, residual stress appears to be a predominant factor affecting bonding strength. The observed fracture pattern showed that the fracture originated near the interface edges, after which small cracks propagated on the ceramic side. The residual stress is presumed to dominate bonding strength as the fracture occurred near the interface edge of the ceramic side. Results showed that the maximum bonding strength appears at the geometrical condition where the fracture pattern changes to φ2 lower than 90° of joint bonded at 980 °C. Therefore, the optimum interface wedge angle depends on a combination of materials and bonding temperature conditions, because the weak point of the bonded joint system will affect the stiffness balance of both materials and the adhesion power of the bonded interface.

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Yamada, Takemi, Hideo Sekiguchi, Hiromi Okamoto, Akira Kitamura, and Shozo Azuma. "Minimization of thermal stress generated in ceramics in metal-ceramic bonding." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 25, no. 5 (1986): 435–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.25.435.

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Messaoudi, Khalid, Farida Bouafia, Fethi Benkhenafou, Lyes Douadji, and Wei Wei Du. "Study of the Residual Stresses Variation into the Sandwich Structure Subjected to Thermomechanical Loading." Solid State Phenomena 279 (August 2018): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.279.113.

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The assembly of different types of materials like metals and ceramics forms a structure called sandwich structure, which need advanced techniques to joint it together like the thermo compression. However, the rise of residual stress caused by the discontinuity of nature of this type of sandwich material, like incompatibility of the characteristics, which creates a risk of rupture of the structure and limited the using range of these types of materials. In this paper, we study the bonding of ceramic and metal and we will focus on the role played by the ceramic element in the stress state of ceramic/ metal interface and the stresses evaluation by Finite Element when the structure is subjected to thermo-Mechanical loading.

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Gao, Ju Bin, Yang Wei Wang, and Fu Chi Wang. "Anti-Bullet Property of Encapsulated AD95 Al₂O₃ Ceramic." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.494.

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2024Al and SiC/2024Al were used to encapsulate the AD95 Al2O3 ceramics by Vacuum-high Pressure Infiltration Method. Their anti-bullet properties are not good with Efm of 5.17 and 4.65 respectively, and is far lower than that of the ceramic without encapsulation. The latter one can generate higher hydrostatic pressure between the bullet and ceramic during penetration process. However, in encapsulated targets, the ductile materials in front of the ceramic can decelerate the bullet, so the pressure between bullet and ceramic is not great enough to break the bullet. Propagated microcracks along with the bonding interface were observed in plates consisting of encapsulated Al2O3. These microcraks lead to the interfacial debonding between Al2O3 and encapsulating materials. Consequently, the anti-bullet property of the ceramic encapsulated by metal or composite is depressed. Further more, the different interface bonding conditions and fracture modes cause the discrepancy of anti-bullet property in two kinds of targets with encapsulation structure.

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Blatz, M. B., M. Vonderheide, and J. Conejo. "The Effect of Resin Bonding on Long-Term Success of High-Strength Ceramics." Journal of Dental Research 97, no. 2 (September 6, 2017): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034517729134.

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Digital manufacturing, all-ceramics, and adhesive dentistry are currently the trendiest topics in clinical restorative dentistry. Tooth- and implant-supported fixed restorations from computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)–fabricated high-strength ceramics—namely, alumina and zirconia—are widely accepted as reliable alternatives to traditional metal-ceramic restorations. Most recent developments have focused on high-translucent monolithic full-contour zirconia restorations, which have become extremely popular in a short period of time, due to physical strength, CAD/CAM fabrication, and low cost. However, questions about proper resin bonding protocols have emerged, as they are critical for clinical success of brittle ceramics and treatment options that rely on adhesive bonds, specifically resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses or partial-coverage restorations such as inlays/onlays and veneers. Resin bonding has long been the gold standard for retention and reinforcement of low- to medium-strength silica-based ceramics but requires multiple pretreatment steps of the bonding surfaces, increasing complexity, and technique sensitivity compared to conventional cementation. Here, we critically review and discuss the evidence on resin bonding related to long-term clinical outcomes of tooth- and implant-supported high-strength ceramic restorations. Based on a targeted literature search, clinical long-term studies indicate that porcelain-veneered alumina or zirconia full-coverage crowns and fixed dental prostheses have high long-term survival rates when inserted with conventional cements. However, most of the selected studies recommend resin bonding and suggest even greater success with composite resins or self-adhesive resin cements, especially for implant-supported restorations. High-strength ceramic resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses have high long-term clinical success rates, especially when designed as a cantilever with only 1 retainer. Proper pretreatment of the bonding surfaces and application of primers or composite resins that contain special adhesive monomers are necessary. To date, there are no clinical long-term data on resin bonding of partial-coverage high-strength ceramic or monolithic zirconia restorations.

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N. Abdulghani, Mustafa. "Effect of Different Metal Bonding Agents on Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic to Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 5, no. 2 (January 16, 2024): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjds.5.2.3.

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Introduction: laser sinter Cobalt Chromium metal replacing traditional casting processes of dental alloys for metal ceramic restorations, appropriate bonding of ceramic to metal is an important factor for long survival time. Twenty laser sinter cubic metal 10 mm for each sides was fabricated by software designing and CAD\CAM direct metal laser sintering technique. The twenty cubics were classified according to the type of metal to ceramic bonding agents into two groups (n=10), Ceram bond apply for group A and Crea alloy bond for group B. Samples fabricated using custom made silicon index was used to act as standardized mold for metal bond application and porcelain buildup. Instron with chisel indenter and special holding device were involve to measure the strength of bond for ceramic to laser sinter metal. The mean shear bond load of group A (688.8N) was significantly higher than that of group B (303.2N). Application of Ceram bond to metal laser sinter produces more bond strength when compare to usage of Crea bond material.

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Buyuk, S. Kutalmış, and Ahmet Serkan Kucukekenci. "Effects of different etching methods and bonding procedures on shear bond strength of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different CAD/CAM ceramic materials." Angle Orthodontist 88, no. 2 (November 15, 2017): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/070917-455.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different types of ceramic surfaces treated with different etching procedures and bonding agents. Materials and Methods: Monolithic CAD/CAM ceramic specimens (N = 120; n = 40 each group) of feldspathic ceramic Vita Mark II, resin nanoceramic Lava Ultimate, and hybrid ceramic Vita Enamic were fabricated (14 × 12 × 3 mm). Ceramic specimens were separated into four subgroups (n = 10) according to type of surface treatment and bonding onto the ceramic surface. Within each group, four subgroups were prepared by phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, Transbond XT primer, and Clearfill Ceramic primer. Mandibular central incisor metal brackets were bonded with light-cure composite. The SBS data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The highest SBS was found in the Vita Enamic group, which is a hybrid ceramic, etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Transbond XT Adhesive primer (7.28 ± 2.49 MPa). The lowest SBS was found in the Lava Ultimate group, which is a resin nano-ceramic etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Clearfill ceramic primer (2.20 ± 1.21 MPa). Conclusions: CAD/CAM material types and bonding procedures affected bond strength (P < .05), but the etching procedure did not (P > .05). The use of Transbond XT as a primer bonding agent resulted in higher SBS.

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Ishida, Y., H. Ichinose, J. Wang, and T. Suga. "HREM of carbon/metal and ceramic/metal interfaces in composite materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 728–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100105709.

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As examples of interfaces between crystals of different type of bonding, interfaces of carbon fibre reinforced metal matrix composite and ceramic/metal diffusion-bonded interface are examined. It is our fundamental interest to understand the nature of hetero-bonding. Various problems originate from the difference of the nature of bonding. A difference in the thermal expansion coefficient alone produces internal stress accumulation that can lead to the fracture of the interface during cooling of the specimen. Stress relief by plastic deformation of metal would operate if no reaction layer is present at the interface. Otherwise, the fracture of the brittle component would result after the fracture of the reaction product itself or the interface between the brittle non-metal components. High resolution electron microscopy of the interface structures should give information useful for the assessment of the mechanism.The first part is the observation of interface between carbon fibre and aluminium. Figure 1 shows the cross sectional view.

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Nawrocka, Agnieszka, Ireneusz Piwonski, Joanna Nowak, Salvatore Sauro, María Angeles García-Esparza, Louis Hardan, and Monika Lukomska-Szymanska. "The Influence of Indirect Bonding Technique on Adhesion of Orthodontic Brackets and Post-Debonding Enamel Integrity—An In Vitro Study." Materials 16, no. 22 (November 17, 2023): 7202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16227202.

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The increasing demand for orthodontic treatments due to the high prevalence of malocclusion has inspired clinicians and material scientists to investigate innovative, more effective, and precise bonding methods with reduced chairside time. This study aimed at comparing the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel using the indirect bonding technique (IDB). Victory Series metal brackets (Metal-OPC, Metal-APC) and Clarity™ Advanced ceramic brackets (Ceramic-OPC) (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded indirectly to extracted human premolars through the etch-and-rinse technique. A qualitative assessment of the enamel surface using microscopic methods was performed, and the amount of residual adhesive was reported as per the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Moreover, the bracket surface was evaluated with SEM-EDS. The highest SBS mean values were observed in the Ceramic-OPC group (16.33 ± 2.01 MPa), while the lowest ones were obtained with the Metal-OPC group (11.51 ± 1.40 MPa). The differences between the Metal-AOPC vs. Metal-APC groups (p = 0.0002) and the Metal-OPC vs. Ceramic-OPC groups (p = 0.0000) were statistically significant. Although the Ceramic-OPC brackets bonded indirectly to the enamel surface achieved the highest SBS, the enamel damage was significantly higher compared to that of the other groups. Thus, considering the relatively high bond SBS and favourable debonding pattern, Metal-APC brackets bonded indirectly may represent the best choice.

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Zheng, De Yi, Fei Huang, Min Luo, and Tao Zhu. "Effect of Temperature and Applied Bias on Deflection of PZT Actuators with Different Metal Slides." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.267.

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Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics are widely applied in manufacturing transducers, sensors etc [1-3]. In all of these applications, the PZT ceramic plates are bonded with a metal substrate making out to an actuator for generating a deflection. Large amount of research work has been done on investigating electrical properties [4-6] of the PZT ceramic plates, the influence of the environmental factors on their performance and mechanisms of electrical degradation phenomenon [7-9]. In this paper, two kinds of metal substrates (Kovar alloy and Titanium) are applied for bonding with the PZT ceramic plates. Experimental results show that, the materials of metal substrates are also severely influence the output deflections of the PZT actuators. In general, for both the two types of samples, they are with a better deflection at a higher working temperature, but the PZT actuator samples with Kovar alloy substrate is with better net deflection.

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KOHYAMA, Masanori. "Theoretical study of bonding at metal-ceramic interfaces." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 45, no. 1 (1995): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.45.33.

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Yamada, Toshihiro, and Akiomi Kohno. "Relaxation of thermal stress in metal-ceramic bonding." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 25, no. 5 (1986): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.25.424.

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Bakulin, A., S. Kulkova, S. Hocker, and S. Schmauder. "Investigation of chemical bonding at metal-ceramic interfaces." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 38 (August 20, 2012): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/38/1/012014.

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Kilponen, Leeni, Juha Varrela, and Pekka K. Vallittu. "Priming and bonding metal, ceramic and polycarbonate brackets." Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry 6, no. 1 (November 6, 2019): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2019.1684823.

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Treheux, D., P. Lourdin, B. Mbongo, and D. Juve. "Metal-ceramic solid state bonding: Mechanisms and mechanics." Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia 31, no. 8 (October 1994): 1055–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-716x(94)90526-6.

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Iino, Y., and N. Taguchi. "Interdiffusing metals layer technique of ceramic-metal bonding." Journal of Materials Science Letters 7, no. 9 (September 1988): 981–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00720748.

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Uusalo, Elina K., Veijo P. Lassila, and Antti U. Yli-Urpo. "Bonding of dental porcelain to ceramic-metal alloys." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 57, no. 1 (January 1987): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(87)90111-9.

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Qin, Jiahao, Qun Huang, Xin Wang, Xinkun Suo, Jiang Wang, and Hua Li. "Interfacial metal/ceramic bonding mechanism for metallization of ceramics via cold spraying." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 288 (February 2021): 116845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116845.

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Nascimento, R. M. do, A. E. Martinelli, and A. J. A. Buschinelli. "Review Article: recent advances in metal-ceramic brazing." Cerâmica 49, no. 312 (December 2003): 178–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132003000400002.

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Metal-ceramic joining has slowly but steadily become an important manufacturing step. The evolution of joining processes has allowed ceramics to be used in combination with metals in a number of hybrid devices from traditional light bulbs and seals to improved cutting tools and modern monitoring and measuring electronic devices. New joining methods and newer approaches to conventional methods have been developed aiming at joints characterized by improved reliability, and interfaces capable of withstanding high-temperature resistance with minimum residual stresses. A summary of recent improvements on alternative approaches to ceramic-metal joining as well as new developments on brazing are presented herein. The present review also focuses on recent advances towards brazing metallized ceramics and the selection of filler alloys, since in a scenario that includes joining by laser and direct bonding with liquid transient phases, brazing continues to be by far the most widely used approach to joining as a result of its low-cost and possibility to join intricate geometries for large-scale production. Finally, methods to evaluate the mechanical strength and residual thermal stresses are presented in addition to alternative approaches to minimize residual stresses and, consequently, improve joint reliability.

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NING, HONGLONG, USHENG MA, FUXIANG HUANG, YONGGANG WANG, JIMAN ZHU, and ZHITING GENG. "INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERFACE OF THE DCB SUBSTRATE." Surface Review and Letters 10, no. 01 (February 2003): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x03004640.

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DCB means direct copper bonding and denotes a process in which copper and a ceramic material are directly bonded. Between the temperature of the metal's melting point and the eutectic temperature of the metal-oxygen, DCB depends on the eutectic compound to join the copper and the ceramic. We do some research to investigate the interface between the copper foils and Al2O3 ceramics; it is the key factor in influencing the performance of the DCB substrate. We also discuss how to get good microstructure of the DCB interface.

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Miranda, ME, KA Olivieri, FJ Rigolin, and RT Basting. "Ceramic Fragments and Metal-free Full Crowns: A Conservative Esthetic Option for Closing Diastemas and Rehabilitating Smiles." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-225-t.

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SUMMARY Dental ceramics make it possible to restore anterior teeth that have been esthetically compromised, presenting a high resistance to wear, biocompatibility, color stability, and low thermal conductivity. The development of different types of ceramic and techniques for adhesive cementation have made it possible to produce more conservative restorations without involving the healthy dental structure and with minimally invasive preparation, such as the bonding of ceramic fragments. The purpose of this article is to describe a clinical case in which diastemas were closed by using nanofluorapatite ceramic (e.max Ceram, Ivoclar-Vivadent) fragments on teeth 7 and 10 with minimal tooth preparation and metal-free ceramic crowns (e-max Ceram) reinforced with zirconia copings through a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system (Lava, 3M-ESPE) on teeth 8 and 9.

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ZHANG, JINJUN, JIANSHENG GU, LEI LI, YONG HUAN, and BINGCHEN WEI. "BONDING OF ALUMINA AND METAL USING BULK METALLIC GLASS FORMING ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 1306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060865.

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Metal-alumina joints have found various practical applications in electronic devices and high technology industry. However, making of sound metal ceramic brazed couple is still a challenge in terms of its direct application in the industry. In this work we successfully braze copper with Al 2 O 3 ceramic using Zr 52.5 Cu 17.9 Ni 14.6 Al 10 Ti 5 bulk metallic glass forming alloy as filler alloy. The shear strength of the joints can reach 140 MPa, and the microstructrural analysis confirms a reliable chemical boning of the interface. The results show that the bulk metallic glass forming alloys with high concentration of active elements are prospective for using as filler alloy in metal-ceramic bonding.

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Lu, Xiao Bo, J. Z. Liu, Jin Hua Wen, Bao Hong Han, Jun Yan, and Hai Ping Cui. "Investigation on Stress Fields in Lined-Ceramics of the Composite Pipes Fabricated by SHS Metallurgical Process." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1771.

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Based on the SEM observation on cracks in lined ceramics of the composite pipes, the stress fields in lined ceramics were analyzed. The results indicated that there are the compressive field and heat stress field in lined ceramics, resulting in the existence of radial cracks and net cracks; besides being influenced by wall thickness of ceramic layer, the strength of compressive stress field is also dependent on bonding strength between metal and ceramics, and the strength of heat stress field is dependent on temperature gradient in lined ceramics during cooling of the ceramics.

Journal articles on the topic 'Ceramic metal bonding'

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