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Journal articles on the topic 'Cephalometric Analysis'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Ningrum, Ika Purwanti, Agus Harjoko, and Munakhir Mudjosemedi. "Robust Cephalometric Landmark Identification on Cephalometric Downs Analysis." International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering 6, no. 2 (2014): 172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcee.2014.v6.816.

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2

Kuramae, Mayury, Maria Beatriz Borges de Araújo Magnani, Eloísa Marcantonio Boeck, and Adriana Simoni Lucato. "Jarabak 's cephalometric analysis of Brazilian black patients." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 3 (2007): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000300016.

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The treatment of skeletal disharmonies presents better results when performed during the growth period. The physical changes that occur in every individual express growth, which is ruled by genetic, general and environmental factors. In order to identify such disharmonies and hence concentrate the clinical actions during treatment and influence facial growth, cephalometrics appears as a useful a diagnostic tool for identifying facial growth patterns or growth direction. Jarabak's cephalometric analysis is used to assess facial growth pattern of subjects with normal occlusion or malocclusions. The purpose of this study was to obtain mean values for cephalometric measurements from Jarabak's cephalometric analyses of black Brazilian subjects resident in the city of Piracicaba, São Paulo state, Brazil and vicinities, who presented Class I molar relationship with normal overjet and overbite, mild or no tooth crowding or spacing, and no history of orthodontic treatment. A sample of 37 stone plaster casts and 37 lateral teleradiographs from both male and female individuals aged 10 to 14 years was evaluated. Data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test at 5% significance level. There was no significant differences between genders. The cephalometric measurements obtained in this study were similar to the Jarabak's standards, except for S-N mean value in females (66.50 mm ± 3.16), which was significantly lower than the standard.
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3

Karad, Ashok, and Shruti Chhajed. "Cephalometric analysis for functional occlusion." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 6 (November 25, 2016): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-1407.194793.

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Background Various elements contributing to good functional occlusion have not been clearly assessed with cephalometrics for the diagnosis of functional problems and their application in clinical practice. The aim of this study, therefore, was to analyze different components of functional occlusion to formulate concise functional cephalometric analysis. Materials and Methods Eighty-two cases (38 males and 44 females), with class I occlusion and balanced facial profile, were examined based on the selection criteria, and cephalograms were taken in natural head position. All the radiographs were then analyzed using various functional parameters. Results The mean values of condylar path angle and incisal path angle were 55.83° and 65.67°, respectively, with large deviations. However, both showed positive correlation. The value of the angle of long axis of mandibular incisor with respect to the line joining center of condyle and lower incisor tip was 88.04°. Moreover, the angle between the occlusal plane and horizontal plane was 12.88°. In vertical plane, lower face height (LFH) was found to be slightly less than the upper face height. Maxilla contributed around 45% of the LFH while mandible formed about 60%. Furthermore, upper alveolar component (maxillary alveolar height) formed more than half of the maxilla (53.79%) whereas lower alveolar component (mandibular alveolar height) was 74.8% of the mandible. Conclusion This study has analyzed various components of functional occlusion and formulated a concise functional cephalometric analysis for diagnosis, treatment planning, and assessment of treatment results.
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Leonardi, Rosalia, Daniela Giordano, Francesco Maiorana, and Concetto Spampinato. "Automatic Cephalometric Analysis." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/120506-491.1.

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Abstract Objective: To describe the techniques used for automatic landmarking of cephalograms, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each one and reviewing the percentage of success in locating each cephalometric point. Materials and Methods: The literature survey was performed by searching the Medline, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and the ISI Web of Science Citation Index databases. The survey covered the period from January 1966 to August 2006. Abstracts that appeared to fulfill the initial selection criteria were selected by consensus. The original articles were then retrieved. Their references were also hand-searched for possible missing articles. The search strategy resulted in 118 articles of which eight met the inclusion criteria. Many articles were rejected for different reasons; among these, the most frequent was that results of accuracy for automatic landmark recognition were presented as a percentage of success. Results: A marked difference in results was found between the included studies consisting of heterogeneity in the performance of techniques to detect the same landmark. All in all, hybrid approaches detected cephalometric points with a higher accuracy in contrast to the results for the same points obtained by the model-based, image filtering plus knowledge-based landmark search and “soft-computing” approaches. Conclusions: The systems described in the literature are not accurate enough to allow their use for clinical purposes. Errors in landmark detection were greater than those expected with manual tracing and, therefore, the scientific evidence supporting the use of automatic landmarking is low.
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Yuen, H. M., H. L. Chan, C. T. Au, K. C. Chan, L. M. Lui, and A. M. Li. "0882 Local Deformation Analysis of Lateral Cephalogram for Childhood OSA Classification." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.878.

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Abstract Introduction Craniofacial profile is one of the anatomical causes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Cephalometry provides information on patients’ skeletal structures and soft tissues. Traditional cephalometric analysis focuses on linear distances, angles, ratios and area of specific variables. Its classification power is often disappointed. In this study, a novel approach to cephalometric analysis using local deformation information was carried out to assess its efficacy in OSA classification. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis based on 60 case-control pairs who were Chinese children recruited for sleep studies in the Prince of Wales Hospital, with accessible lateral cephalometry and polysomnography (PSG) data. Local deformation technique was adopted to derive 1215 deformations from 15 manual landmarking on each cephalogram. In addition, three linear distances (hyoid bone to mandibular plane, hyoid bone to posterior pharyngeal wall, and minimal distance between tongue base and posterior pharyngeal wall) were measured from each cephalogram. A total of 1218 information features were obtained per subject. Classification models were built with an equal ratio between OSA and non-OSA groups (defined by OAHI≥1 and OAHI<1 respectively). Forty pairs were used as training data and twenty pairs were used as testing data. Results Three model settings which used all 1218 cephalometric features, 800 features, and 500 features were tested. The accuracy for the three settings were 67.5% (sensitivity: 70%, specificity: 65%), 87.5% (sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 85%), and 92.5% (sensitivity: 95%, specificity: 90%) respectively. Apart from the three distances, the 500 topmost discriminative features were predominantly landmarks around the nasal cavity. Conclusion A new approach to cephalometric analysis using local deformation information can provide additional details on each cephalogram, hence, achieving better classification. The classification models using 500 features yielded the highest accuracy among the three settings. This setting could benefit most from the comprehensive comparison while avoiding overfitting. Support -
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6

Pradhan, Resina, Anjana Rajbhandari, Pushkar Manandhar, and Surendra Maharjan. "McNamara Cephalometric Analysis oF Newars of Kathmandu." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 8, no. 1 (October 13, 2018): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v8i1.21339.

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Introduction: Standardized cephalogram is used for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning and the measured values of the craniofacial structures are compared with the peer group having similar age, gender and ethnicity. However, this standardized comparison has not been possible so far for Newar ethnic group.Objective: To determine cephalometric norms of Newar adults of Kathmandu using McNamara analysis and to assess gender difference within the group. Materials & Method: Newar Indo-Aryan descendents aged 18-27 years were screened based on inclusion criteria. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 62 untreated Newar adults (20 males and 42 females) were used. Manual tracing of the lateral cephalograms were performed and descriptive statistics were obtained. Comparative test was conducted within Newars to evaluate gender diversity at the significance level p≤0.05. Result: Craniofacial structures of male and female Newars were significantly different. Parameters showing these differences were Effective Mid Face Length, Effective Mandibular Length, Lower Anterior Facial Height.Conclusion: Standardized comparison with the peer group separately for male and female should be done when analysing cephalometry for any ethnic group.
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7

Zielak, João César, David Gulin Neto, Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha, Tatiana Miranda Deliberador, and Allan Fernando Giovanini. "Cephalometric Approach to the Occlusal Vertical Dimension Reestablishment." Case Reports in Dentistry 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/920840.

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The occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) refers to the length of the face as determined by the amount of separation of the jaws. Its determination is important for the manufacture of restorations. However, defining the correct occlusal vertical dimension for edentulous patients is one of the most important steps for function and esthetics rehabilitation. Cephalometry is a standardized method of assessing dental and facial proportions and their interrelation. Additionally, cephalometric analysis of the facial vertical dimension can establish an individual pattern for each patient. This analysis should become a permanent part of each patient’s record. Hence, this study presented a case report with the use of cephalometry as an auxiliary tool in the rehabilitation of OVD. Clinical relevance showed that cephalometric analysis can be an accurate and convenient instrument to treatment planning and prognostic of oral rehabilitation. The reader should understand the clinical implications of using cephalometry as a tool in the rehabilitation of OVD.
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8

Batra, Ritu, Sanjay Kalra, Ajay Bansal, Siddharth Nerula, and Rajat Dang. "Estimation of Vertical Dimension of Occlusion in Edentuleous Patients Using Cephalometric Analysis." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 05, no. 01 (April 2017): 030–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672078.

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Abstract“The best of friends fall out with time and so do teeth.”Thus, there is a need to replace the lost teeth and the supporting structures for the patient's social demands and functional rehabilitation. Prosthetic treatment with complete dentures is a very common treatment modality; the biggest challenge in its fabrication is to duplicate the normal vertical dimension. Failure can be avoided by completing the treatment without changing the vertical dimension and obtaining an optimal facial proportion. There are many methods to record VD. Radiographic cephalometry has been used as a diagnostic tool in Prosthodontics for over five decades and numerous authors, like Ricketts (1981), McNamara (1984) and Slavicek (1984) developed and computerized these techniques to co-relate and record VD in patients. However cephalometric analysis can help to visualize skeletal and facial proportion relation. The present study was done to use the lateral radiographs with cephalometric analysis, as it could be a simple, non-technique sensitive, non-invasive and atraumatic way to determine VD for complete denture patients and also to compare physiologic methods (swallowing/phonetics) with cephalometric method to record lower facial height.
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9

Grayson, Barry H., Frank A. LaBatto, Allan B. Kolber, and Joseph G. McCarthy. "Basilar multiplane cephalometric analysis." American Journal of Orthodontics 88, no. 6 (December 1985): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9416(85)80047-6.

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10

Halazonetis, Demetrios J. "Computer-assisted cephalometric analysis." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 105, no. 5 (May 1994): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(06)80049-1.

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11

Valiathan, Manish, Ashima Valiathan, and V. Ravinder. "Jarabak Cephalometric Analysis Reborn." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 35, no. 3 (September 2001): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974909820010302.

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12

Remmelink, Hendrik J. "Basilar multiplane cephalometric analysis." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 90, no. 1 (July 1986): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(86)90034-x.

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13

Chiurupatya, Lalitha, Anupriya Jaitly, Vasumurthy Sesham, and Sri Harsha Yelchuru. "Evaluation of Composite Cephalometric Norms in South Indian Subjects." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v5i2.15221.

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Introduction: Cephalometrics is an important diagnostic tool in formulating comprehensive treatment planning in orthodontics. Different norms for different ethnic groups are essential to achieve accurate treatment results.Objective: The present study aims in standardizing norms for composite cephalometric analysis in South Indian subjects.Materials & Method: A sample size of 40 subjects included 20 males and 20 females of age ranging between 18-30 years represented South Indian sample. Patients’ cephalogram was taken in the natural head position. Individual norms from various cephalometric analyses were taken and synthesized into a composite analysis based on the idea of diagnostic block were evaluated.Results: Parameters like upper incisor to NA, lower incisor to NB, interincisal angle, IMPA and upper incisor to SN suggested increased values indicating proclination of anterior teeth and mild convexity of soft tissues to be esthetically acceptable in South Indian subjects.Conclusion: Different set of cephalometric norms for different ethnic groups should be formulated so as to guide the orthodontist and surgeon to optimize the treatment plan based on local norms
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14

Celik, E., O. Polat-Ozsoy, and T. U. Toygar Memikoglu. "Comparison of cephalometric measurements with digital versus conventional cephalometric analysis." European Journal of Orthodontics 31, no. 3 (February 23, 2009): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjn105.

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15

Yashwant, Aniruddh V., Balamani Arayambath, Vikneshan Murugaboopathy, Pradeep Babu Kommi, Karthikshree V. Prashad, and U. B. Rajasekaran. "Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Blended Learning Versus Traditional Learning in Cephalometrics for Undergraduates." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219883873.

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Objective: To compare the effectiveness of blended learning versus traditional learning in a cephalometric learning module for undergraduates. Materials and methods: This study was designed as a pre- and posttest trial. 150 undergraduates were randomly allocated to two groups: group 1 for traditional learning, and group 2, for blended learning. Pretest and posttest scores of both groups of 25 MCQs on cephalometrics were obtained. Feedback was obtained from the participants in this study and analyzed. Results: In group 1, the mean pretest and posttest scores were 13.87 and 16.10, respectively. In group 2, the mean value for the pretest and posttest scores were 14.01 and 22.18, respectively. The mean improvement in knowledge score was significantly higher in group 1 (2.233) compared to the mean score of group 2 (8.171). The level of statistical significance was P < .001. Feedback analysis showed the participants found the experience with Dolphin software better than traditional learning (Dolphin Cephalometric Imaging and Management software [version 11.8.24 Chatsworth,CA,USA]). For over 50% participants, their overall opinion on the cephalometric module was very good (score = 5). Conclusion: Blended learning increases the effectiveness of cephalometric learning by means of better student performance. Commercially available Cephalometric software can be used for e-learning instead of a specifically designed learning software.
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Clemente, Miguel Pais, André Moreira, Catarina Morais, José Manuel Amarante, Afonso Pinhão Ferreira, and Joaquim Mendes. "Tooth Position in Wind Instrument Players: Dentofacial Cephalometric Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 4306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084306.

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Background: Specific dentofacial characteristics in wind instrumentalists should be taken in consideration when analyzing physiological and anatomical issues regarding the musician’s embouchure, posture, and biomechanics during musical performance. Objectives: To compare tooth cephalometric characteristics between wind instrument players and string players (overjet, overbite, lower facial height, facial convexity, lower incisor inclination, and interincisal angle). Methods: In total, 48 wind instrumentalists (67%) and 24 string instrumentalists (33%). These musicians performed lateral tele-radiography and the correspondent linear and angular measurements of the dentofacial cephalometric analysis. Statistical comparison of wind and string instrumentalists was made by using an independent t-test. Results: Small variations on the analyzed parameters were found between the wind and string instrument groups. Based on the cephalometric analysis the variable interincisal angle was statistically significant (p < 0.05), when comparing the wind and string instrument group. Conclusions: Knowledge of the overjet and overbite value permits a substantial analysis on the tooth position of wind instrument players, where both of these parameters are increased and greater than the norm value. The cephalometry was an added value on the interpretation of possible factors that lead to the position of the central incisors of wind instruments. Till some extent in this group of musicians the applied forces during the embouchure mechanism on the anterior teeth and the existing perioral forces promote an equilibrium on the vector of forces. This study findings demonstrate that when evaluating the two samples, wind and string instruments there are different dentofacial configurations, however the only statistically significant differences that were found are related to the interincisal angle (p < 0.05).
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Strajnic, Ljiljana, and Darinka Stanisic-Sinobad. "Application of cephalometric analysis for determination of vertical dimension of occlusion: A literature review." Medical review 65, no. 5-6 (2012): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1206217s.

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Introduction. Optimal reconstruction of vertical dimension of occlusion is crucial for functional and physiognomic rehabilitation of edentulous patients. This article is aimed at presenting attitudes and studies on application of cephalometric analysis in obtaining optimal vertical dimension of occlusion. The review of literature presents the studies which analyse the possibilities of cephalometric analysis aimed at improving the clinical methods for vertical dimension of occlusion determination in treatment of edentulous patients. The research carried out so far can roughly be divided into: cephalometric vertical dimension of occlusion evaluation in dentulous patients performed to determine precise indicators of vertical dimension of occlusion and to establish cephalometric standards for practical application in prosthodontics; the method of producing pre-extraction cephalometric registries involves the production of cephalometric radiographs for potential prosthodontic patients in dental pre-extraction period which are kept for reference to be used in later therapy; the cephalometric method of registering the position of physiologic rest position of the mandible involves measuring cephalometric parameters in cephalometric radiographs made when the mandible is in physiologic rest position; cephalometric evaluation of vertical dimension of occlusion in complete denture therapy after clinical determination of intemaxillary relationship is recommended for timely detection of possible mistakes, with a possibility of correction in the process of complete denture production; and cephalometric analysis in edentulous patients with old complete dentures for a planned vertical dimension of occlusion extension. Conclusion. Data from the literature give no proof of a scientific and universally accepted method for precise determination of vertical dimension of occlusion, which is a point many authors agree upon. Different methods proposed for vertical dimension of occlusion determination in everyday practice are usually recommended in combination with other methods. Determination of individual, morphological vertical dimension of occlusion indicators by cephalometric analysis is, in this sense, one of the directions for finding a better solution when planning an artificial occlusion complex.
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Mummolo, Stefano, Alessandro Nota, Enrico Marchetti, Giuseppe Padricelli, and Giuseppe Marzo. "The 3D Tele Motion Tracking for the Orthodontic Facial Analysis." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4932136.

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Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of 3D-TMT, previously used only for dynamic testing, in a static cephalometric evaluation. Material and Method. A group of 40 patients (20 males and 20 females; mean age 14.2±1.2 years; 12–18 years old) was included in the study. The measurements obtained by the 3D-TMT cephalometric analysis with a conventional frontal cephalometric analysis were compared for each subject. Nine passive markers reflectors were positioned on the face skin for the detection of the profile of the patient. Through the acquisition of these points, corresponding plans for three-dimensional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis were found. Results. The cephalometric results carried out with 3D-TMT and with traditional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis showed the 3D-TMT system values are slightly higher than the values measured on radiographs but statistically significant; nevertheless their correlation is very high. Conclusion. The recorded values obtained using the 3D-TMT analysis were correlated to cephalometric analysis, with small but statistically significant differences. The Dahlberg errors resulted to be always lower than the mean difference between the 2D and 3D measurements. A clinician should use, during the clinical monitoring of a patient, always the same method, to avoid comparing different millimeter magnitudes.
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19

Ferrario, Virgilio F., Chiarella Sforza, Carlo E. Poggio, Antonio D'addona, and Alberto Taroni. "Fourier Analysis of Cephalometric Shapes." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, no. 3 (May 1996): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0206_faocs_2.3.co_2.

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Craniofacial growth and development involve both size and shape variations. Shape variations can be assessed independently from size using mathematical methods such as the Fourier series. A method for the reconstruction of outlines starting from selected landmarks and for their Fourier analysis has been developed and applied to analyze the age differences in shape in the tracings of the Bolton standards (lateral view) from 1 to 18 years of age. The size-independent shape of the Bolton standard at 18 years was larger at the chin, at the gonion, and in the anterior cranial base than the shape at 1 year of age. Conversely, the younger shape was larger in the middle part of face, corresponding roughly to the maxillary bone, than the older shape. When standardized for size, growth thus seemed to modify craniofacial shape with progressive lengthening and narrowing. This shape effect was largely overwhelmed by the very evident size increments, and it could be measured only using the proper mathematical methods.
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Ferrario, Virgilio F., Chiarella Sforza, Carlo E. Poggio, Antonio D'Addona, and Alberto Taroni. "Fourier Analysis of Cephalometric Shapes." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, no. 3 (May 1996): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569(1996)033<0206:faocs>2.3.co;2.

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21

Bergman, Robert T. "Cephalometric soft tissue facial analysis." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 116, no. 4 (October 1999): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(99)70222-2.

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22

Grayson, Barry H. "Cephalometric Analysis for the Surgeon." Clinics in Plastic Surgery 16, no. 4 (October 1989): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31286-4.

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23

CORREIA, Thereza Raquel Garcia Silva, Lorena Marques Ferreira de SENA, José Sandro Pereira da SILVA, and Hallissa Simplício Gomes PEREIRA. "Cephalometric analysis: concordance between software." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 65, no. 4 (December 2017): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170002000063275.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the agreement between cephalometric measures obtained from two different software programs: Dolphin Imaging 11.7® and Radiocef Studio 2® . Methods: 30 digital lateral teleradiographies (200 dpi, 2100 x 2092 pixels) were analyzed on each of the software programs through demarcation of 11 cephalometric points by a single calibrated examiner. Then, the generated cephalometric magnitudes were statistically correlated by means of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Then 10 randomly selected radiographies were retraced on each of the programs in order to evaluate the intra-examiner concordance after a time interval of 08 days. Results: The SNB and Pog-NB magnitudes showed strong concordance between the software, while the SNA, ANB, 1-NA, 1-NB, 1.NB, 1.1 and Go-Gn.SN magnitudes unveiled moderate concordance. Only the 1.NA magnitude showed weak concordance. Conclusion: The software can be interchangeably applied in clinical practice.
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Jodeh, Diana S., Lauren V. Kuykendall, Jonathan M. Ford, Stephen Ruso, Summer J. Decker, and S. Alex Rottgers. "Adding Depth to Cephalometric Analysis." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 30, no. 5 (2019): 1568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000005555.

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25

Olszewski, R., G. Cosnard, B. Macq, P. Mahy, and H. Reychler. "3D CT-based cephalometric analysis: 3D cephalometric theoretical concept and software." Neuroradiology 48, no. 11 (September 29, 2006): 853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-006-0140-x.

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Fitrianto, Ardan, Thalca Hamid, and Ida Bagus Narmada. "Analysis of Soft Tissue Cephalometry in Skeletal Class I with Post Operation Unilateral and Bilateral CLP." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 1, no. 2 (August 26, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v1i2.2018.66-69.

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Background: Facial appearance is an important diagnostic criterion that must be considered in orthodontics treatment plan. Orthodontics treatment is one of the dental treatments to prevent or correct tooth position abnormalities so that optimal function can be achieved including occlusion, proportional arrangement of the teeth and facial profile, as well as the harmony of facial profiles. Common facial abnormality cases include cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip and palate are caused by congenital defects and environmental factors. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine post-operative soft tissue cephalometric analysis of skeletal class I with post-operative of unilateral and bilateral CLP. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study. The subjects were secondary data from radiographic cephalometry obtained from the CLP Center Premier Hospital Surabaya and Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Result: There was a significant difference in line angle parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.002 (p <0.05). There were also significant differences in the Li-H line parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.000 (p <0.05). There were H line angle and Li-H line differences in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between skeletal class I group with post-operative unilateral and bilateral CLP group. Conclusion: There was no difference in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between the post-operative of unilateral CLP and bilateral CLP on all parameters.
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Wu, John, Urban Hägg, and A. Bakr M. Rabie. "Chinese Norms of McNamara's Cephalometric Analysis." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/021606-62r.1.

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Abstract Objective: To establish cephalometric norms of McNamara's analysis in young Chinese and compare them to those of a matched young Caucasian sample. Materials and Methods: The material comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs of a random sample of 200 male and 205 female 12-year-old southern Chinese children, and an additional sample of 43 male and 43 female 12-year-old British Caucasian children in Hong Kong. The radiographs were digitized twice with the CASSOS program. Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant gender differences for six out of the 11 cephalometric variables in the Chinese, but for only one variable in the Caucasians. The size of the statistically significant gender differences varied from −0.3 to 0.4 on SD scores. There were statistically significant ethnic differences for eight variables in males and seven variables in females. The size of the observed statistically significant ethnic differences varied from −1.8 to 1.6 on SD scores. Conclusion: The use of specific standards for Chinese, separate for gender, for McNamara's cephalometric analysis seems to be justified.
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Oliver, Richard G. "Cephalometric Analysis Comparing Five Different Methods." British Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 4 (November 1991): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.18.4.277.

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A commonly used cephalometric analysis was performed repeatedly on five lateral cephalometric radiographs using a variety of methods, and the angular values obtained compared. Two computerized methods, one utilizing direct digitization of the radiograph and the other digitizing an enhanced video image of the radiograph, were compared with each other and also against the traditional manual method of tracing. In addition, a single manual tracing of each of the radiographs was digitized using each computer method. It was found that direct digitization is less precise than both the traditional method and digitization of a tracing. The facility to enhance the radiographic image using video techniques did not produce any significant improvement in precision of the cephalometric variables studied.
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Arús, Nádia Assein, Gabriela Salatino Liedke, Mathias Pante Fontana, Reni Raymundo Dalla-Bonna, Heraldo Luis Dias Da Silveira, and Heloísa Emília Dias Da Silveira. "Reproducibility of cephalometric measures obtained by dental radiologists." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 52, no. 1/3 (March 4, 2011): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.27202.

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Cephalometric analysis is used by dentists to assist in the diagnosis, planning and follow-up of orthodontic, orthopedic and surgical treatments. However, cephalometry is not a precise tool, and there are significant errors in the measures obtained by the same or different examiners. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of cephalometric measures obtained by three specialists in oral radiology, and to compare them with the results obtained by three radiology clinics. Materials and Methods: Examiners traced cephalograms from 39 conventional cephalograms from the sample used by Silveira e Silveira (2006). ANOVA revealed good reproducibility of 17 of the 32 factors in the analyses conducted by dental specialists. Results: Agreement between dental specialists was found for 53.1% of the factors, whereas agreement for the results obtained by radiology clinics was only 12.5%. Conclusion: Results showed that tracings by the 3 radiology specialists had greater agreement than those by the radiology clinics under study.
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Patla, Murali, Sonika Achalli, K. Saidath, Crystal Runa Soans, and U. S. Krishna Nayak. "Cephalometric Norms for Orthognathic Surgery in Kerala Population." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 07, no. 01 (March 2017): 045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708695.

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AbstractBackground and objectives: The successful treatment of orthognathic surgical patient is dependent on careful diagnosis. The first step in the diagnosis of the patient for orthognathic surgery is to determine the nature of the skeletal, dental and soft tissue defects. Cephalometrics for orthognathic surgery (COGS) analysis by Burstone and colleagues is especially adapted for the diagnosis and treatment planning of orthognathic surgery cases. Burstone and colleagues' COGS analysis are based on Caucasian whites; they may not be applicable as a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Kerala population patients. Therefore it has become important to determine the cephalometric parameters for this ethnic group. Methodology: Cephalometric radiographs of 50 Keralite adults (25 Males and 25 Females) were analysed who met criteria of the study. The Mean values of various skeletal, dental, angular and linear measurements of Keralites were compared with the White Americans values, originally obtained by Burstone. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the Keralite samples, who had a greater Anterior and Posterior Cranial base length, Mandibular protrusion, Lower anterior facial heights, Anterior and Posterior Dental heights, Proclined Upper and Lower incisor with less Prominent Chin in comparison to Caucasian. Interpretation and conclusion: This is indicative of disparity between cephalometric norms of Caucasians and Keralites. However conclusions can't be drawn from a single study, hence further studies to establish the cephalometric norms for different ethnic groups across the country may be advisable.
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Kuroiedova, V. D., Y. Y. Vyzhenko, O. M. Makarova, and O. A. Stasiuk. "SCIENTIFIC JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF CONE-BEAM COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CBCT) FOR CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN THE «AUDAXCEPH» PROGRAMM." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2019.09.

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This article is concerned with peculiarities of points’ placement in orthodontics and study of cephalometric parameters on 3D reconstructions. The aim of the investigation is to develop out the algorithm of distribution of main cephalometric points on 3D reconstructions, received from CBCT and compare characteristics of measurements done on classic teleroentgenogram (TRG) and 3D reconstructions. Materials and methods. The main angular (SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-Ba) skeletal saggital parameters, vertical (ML-NSL, NL-ML, Facial axis, <G), and dental were taken (+1/NL, -1/ML, +1/-1). The analysis of dental radiographs was done for cephalometry «AudaxCeph». Teleroentgenogram and 3 D reconstructions of 20 patients were investigated. Comparing all indices of TRG and 3D reconstructions statistically significant difference was not revealed (р> 0,05). The most significant indices was established during the study of incisive indices - +1/NL, 110±2,72 и 110,2±5,02 correspondingly inter-incisal angle +1/-1 - 133,8±2,21 and 138±5,79.
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Woodson, B. Tucker, Thomas R. Feroah, Stephen F. Conley, Steven R. Sewall, Anthony Dohse, and Shiro Fujita. "Posterior Cephalometric Radiographic Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 106, no. 4 (April 1997): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949710600409.

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Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between posterior facial cephalometric measures and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). We used a consecutive sample of 60 patients with OSAS who underwent upright lateral cephalograms, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), and preoperative and postoperative polysomnography. Successful responders to UPPP were arbitrarily defined as having a respiratory disturbance index reduced to fewer than 20 events per hour. Standard cephalometric measurements were used. Posterior facial height measures were constructed, based on a plane perpendicular to the Frankfort horizontal placed at hyoidale. The total and lower airway lengths were shorter and posterior mandibular height was longer in UPPP responders compared to nonresponders (p ≤ .05). There was no difference between the two groups by standard cephalometric measurements. Responders and nonresponders to UPPP have significant differences in posterior airway measures that are not reflected in standard cephalometric measures. Airway length likely is a critical factor in OSAS and surgical response.
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Wang, Shumeng, Huiqi Li, Jiazhi Li, Yanjun Zhang, and Bingshuang Zou. "Automatic Analysis of Lateral Cephalograms Based on Multiresolution Decision Tree Regression Voting." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018 (November 19, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1797502.

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Cephalometric analysis is a standard tool for assessment and prediction of craniofacial growth, orthodontic diagnosis, and oral-maxillofacial treatment planning. The aim of this study is to develop a fully automatic system of cephalometric analysis, including cephalometric landmark detection and cephalometric measurement in lateral cephalograms for malformation classification and assessment of dental growth and soft tissue profile. First, a novel method of multiscale decision tree regression voting using SIFT-based patch features is proposed for automatic landmark detection in lateral cephalometric radiographs. Then, some clinical measurements are calculated by using the detected landmark positions. Finally, two databases are tested in this study: one is the benchmark database of 300 lateral cephalograms from 2015 ISBI Challenge, and the other is our own database of 165 lateral cephalograms. Experimental results show that the performance of our proposed method is satisfactory for landmark detection and measurement analysis in lateral cephalograms.
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Ziyad Jamil Al-Talabani, Shaho. "The Application of Tetragon Analysis in A Sample of Kurdish Adult Population with Class I Occlusion:A Cephalometric Study." Diyala Journal of Medicine 20, no. 1 (April 17, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.20015871213.

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Background: Visual cephalometric analysis is a simple, logical, and accurate diagnostic tool for the student, the clinician, and the researcher. The analysis is elicited from two geometric constructs, the Tetragon and the Trigon. Objective: To determine the cephalometric norms as per Fastlicht’s analysis for male and female subjects of the Kurdish population and to compare these cephalometric norms with Fastlicht’s norms, average Caucasian norms, and Iraqi (non-Kurdish) norms. Patients and Methods: The cephalometric radiographs of 63 individuals, 25males, mean age 23.01 ±2.9 years, and 38 females, mean age 23 ± 3.2 years, were selected. FACAD 3.4.0.3, an orthodontic tracing software for cephalometric analysis and treatment planning, was used to digitally trace the reference points and reference lines for the tetragon analysis. Results: The statistical differences between the data of the Iraqi Kurdish population and the data of Fastlich, average Caucasian, and Iraqi non-Kurdish population were significant. Conclusion: The data of the Kurdish population is different from that of Fastlich and non-Kurdish Iraqi data. It is recommended to use this study's findings to get a more accurate result for the Iraqi Kurdish population when using tetragon analysis. Keywords: Tetragon Analysis; Cephalometric; Visual cephalometric analysis
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BORGES, Adriana Fonseca, Mariana Ribeiro de Moraes REGO, Alexandre Milton CORRÊA, Marcelo Ferreira TORRES, Daniel de Moraes TELLES, and Luiz Carlos SANTIAGO. "Planning and treatment in oral rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses using cephalometric analysis." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 62, no. 2 (June 2014): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372014000200000131886.

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There are growing prosthetic and esthetic demands for Oral Rehabilitations on osseointegratable implants, requiring precise prosthetic-surgical planning. In edentulous patients planning may be done using cephalometric analysis to determine the position of the teeth in the dental prosthesis, and consequently, those of the implants. In this clinical case, the planning and treatment of an oral implant-supported rehabilitation is described, using cephalometry to optimize prosthetic success and patient comfort. The patient presented complete mandibular and partial maxillary edentulism, with unsatisfactory esthetics and function of the anterior teeth, with accentuated vestibular inclination. In order to determine the correct position of maxillary teeth it was necessary to use a Steiner cephalometric tracing to position the maxillary central incisor in the diagnostic wax-up. Therefore, the maxillary anterior teeth were extracted, osseointegratable implants were placed (Neodent(r), Curitiba, Brazil), and an immediate temporary fixed denture was inserted. After 30 days, surgery was performed for the placement of 4 osseointegratable implants (Neodent(r), Curitiba, Brazil) in the inter-mentonian region, on which a complete, temporary, implant-supported denture was placed. After the period of osseointegration, the definitive implant-supported dental prosthesis were fabricated.
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KATO, YOSHIYUKI, TOSHIMOTO TENGAN, RIEKO SHIMIZU, MASAMITSU UJI, NOBUYOSHI MOTOHASHI, and TAKAYUKI KURODA. "Frontal Cephalometric Analysis of Facial Asymmetry." Japanese Journal of Jaw Deformities 4, no. 2 (1994): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5927/jjjd1991.4.87.

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Choi, So Young, Ku Da Mo Song, Ho Yun Lee, Dong Sik Chang, Ah-Young Kim, and Myoung Su Choi. "Usefullness of Cephalometric Analysis in Rhinoplasty." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 27, no. 2 (December 2016): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.2016.27.2.275.

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38

Salagnac, Jean-Michel. "Cephalometric analysis of the cervical spine." Journal of Dentofacial Anomalies and Orthodontics 13, no. 1 (March 2010): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/odfen/2010109.

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Hart, T. C., and S. Kyrkanides. "Cephalometric analysis of Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome." Journal of Medical Genetics 31, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.31.10.758.

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Al Sabbagh, Rabab. "Syrian Norms of Mcnamara Cephalometric Analysis." International Arab Journal of Dentistry 5, no. 3 (2014): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0028756.

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Munandar, Susanti, and Michael D. Snow. "Cephalometric analysis of Deutero-Malay Indonesians." Australian Dental Journal 40, no. 6 (December 1995): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.1995.tb04837.x.

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Rizvi, Hasan Md, and Md Zakir Hossain. "Cephalometric Profile of Bangladeshis: Tweed’s Analysis." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 7 (June 1, 2017): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/apos.apos_22_17.

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Introduction Tweed’s diagnostic triangle is simple yet provides a definite guideline in treatment planning. The aim of the present study was to establish the Tweed’s norms for Bangladeshi people. Methods The study was conducted for 89 Bangladeshi young adults (45 males and 44 females), aged 19–27 years, having balanced and harmonious facial profiles. Lateral cephalograms taken of these subjects were used for a series of morphometric analyses. Results All three angular parameters Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA), Frankfort-mandibular incisal angle (FMIA), incise mandibular plane angle (IMPA)were measured and found to be 24.52°, 54.60°, and 100.88°, respectively. The mean FMA has been found to be 24.52° (with a range of 14°–36°) which is quite close to Tweed’s norm and found to be statistically insignificant. However, IMPA and FMIA values of Bangladeshis found to be statistically significantly different from that of the Caucasians. The linear regression equation of IMPA on FMA was fitted, and the estimated value of IMPA was computed for a given FMA. Conclusion The results support the idea that treatment objectives of IMPA should be considered according to the facial pattern, i.e., FMA. Ethnic variations of norms cannot be overlooked while outlining goals and planning the treatment.
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Chung, Chun Eun, and Khoo Boo-Chai. "Cephalometric analysis of craniofacial bone growth." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 91, no. 6 (May 1993): 1180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199305000-00057.

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de Sena, Lorena Marques Ferreira, Pedro Paulo Maia de Sena, and Hallissa Simplício Gomes Pereira. "Cephalometric analysis: Orthodontists versus oral radiologists." Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists 5, no. 1 (March 2016): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejwf.2016.02.002.

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Aydemir, Halise, Zaur Novruzov, and Ufuk Toygar-Memikoğlu. "Turkish Norms of McNamara's Cephalometric Analysis." Turkish Journal of Orthodontics 27, no. 3 (September 2014): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.13076/tjo-d-14-00017.

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46

Al-Jasser, Nasser M. "Cephalometric Evaluation for Saudi Population Using the Downs and Steiner Analysis." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 2 (2005): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-2-52.

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Abstract The purpose of this study is to formulate cephalometric norms of the Saudi population; and to evaluate whether significant cephalometric differences exist between Saudi and Caucasian patients. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 60 selected Saudis (30 males and 30 females) with esthetically pleasing and harmonious faces, Angle I molar relationship, with all permanent teeth present and no history of orthodontic treatment or facial trauma, age range between 20 and 30 years were analyzed using the Downs and Steiner analysis. The means, standard deviations, and ranges of the measurements were compared with the norms established by Downs and Steiner. Statistically, several significant differences were noticeable in the results of the present study when the cephalometric mean values for the selected Saudi population were compared with the norms suggested for a white Caucasian population by Downs and Steiner. The results of the present study are significant and showed normal Saudis have a slightly protrusive maxillae, a tendency to Class II facial pattern, and a high mandibular plane angle. These results have clinical implications in the diagnosis and treatment of adult Saudis with dentofacial deformities. Citation Al-Jasser NM. Cephalometric Evaluation for Saudi Population Using the Downs and Steiner Analysise. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:052-063.
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Shrestha, Raju, and Santosh Kandel. "A Comparative Study on Use of Manual Versus Digital Method using Mobile Application for Cephalometric Measurements." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 10, no. 1 (September 4, 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v10i1.30997.

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Introduction: Various computer software and smartphone applications have been developed for digital cephalometric analysis with ease and in short time. The objective of this study was to compare linear and angular cephalometric measurements obtained, and cephalometric tracing duration between smartphone application tracing (app method) and conventional tracing (manual method) methods. Materials & Method: 35 digital Lateral cephalometric radiographs of patient who came for orthodontic treatment were collected. Measurements of cephalometric parameters of composite analysis were obtained with manual and smartphone application (OneCeph) method and compared statistically. Cephalometric tracing duration was also compared between two methods. Result: Cephalometric tracing duration using manual method was found to be significantly higher (p<.001) than that of the app method. There was no significant difference in values of SNA, SNB, ANB, Nasion perpendicular to point A, Nasion perpendicular to pogonion (pog), Angle of convexity, Go-GN/SN, FMA, U1–NA (degree), U1-NA (linear), L1–NB (degree), Cant of Occlusion, Interincisal angle, Nasolabial angle, Upper lip to Steiner’s S line, Lower lip to Steiner’s S line obtained with the manual and application method. The values of linear measurement between Lower incisor to NB line showed significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in cephalometric measurement, cephalometric tracing duration of cephalometric analysis using Smartphone application was significantly faster than that of conventional method.
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Arat, Zuleyha Mirzen, Mehmet Okan Akcam, Elçin Esenlik, and F. Emel Arat. "Inconsistencies in the Differential Diagnosis of Open Bite." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 3 (May 1, 2008): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/021907-80.1.

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Abstract Objective: To examine inconsistencies in the differential diagnosis of open bite. Materials and Methods: Using visual judgments, a total of 77 anterior open-bite cases in the postpubertal growth period were grouped as either morphogenetic, functional, or combination. The same sample was also grouped as either hyperdivergent, normodivergent, or hypodivergent using mandibular-plane angle and conventional cephalometry. Kappa analysis was used to test the agreement between the 2 methods of evaluation, and χ2 tests were used to analyze the distribution of cephalometrically grouped hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent cases among the visually assessed morphogenetic, functional and combination groups and vice versa. A κ score of 0.343 indicated a weak agreement between visual judgment and cephalometric methods of evaluation (P &lt; .001). Results: Despite the expectation that cases evaluated as hyperdivergent using cephalometry would be visually evaluated as morphogenetic, more than half of the cases assessed as hyperdivergent were in fact classified as functional. Conclusions: These findings highlight the inadequacy of relying solely on cephalometric evaluation to classify open bite.
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Ferreira, José Tarcísio Lima, and Carlos de Souza Telles. "Evaluation of the reliability of computerized profile cephalometric analysis." Brazilian Dental Journal 13, no. 3 (2002): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402002000300012.

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The use of computers as an auxiliary instrument for case evaluation and procedures in health sciences is not new, and their advantages are well known. A growing number of orthodontists are using computerized systems for cephalometric analysis. Thus, this study evaluated the reliability of both computerized and manual methods used for creating profile cephalograms. Fifty profile radiographs were selected from the files of the Post-Graduate Course in Orthodontics at the Dental School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The good quality of the material was the only necessary requirement for selection. Results were submitted to the interclass correlation coefficient and a reliable similarity between cephalometric data obtained through both evaluated methods was found. However, the clinical utilization of computerized cephalometric analysis is not absolutely reliable.
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Zecca, Piero Antonio, Rosamaria Fastuca, Matteo Beretta, Alberto Caprioglio, and Aldo Macchi. "Correlation Assessment between Three-Dimensional Facial Soft Tissue Scan and Lateral Cephalometric Radiography in Orthodontic Diagnosis." International Journal of Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1473918.

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Purpose. The aim of the present prospective study was to investigate correlations between 3D facial soft tissue scan and lateral cephalometric radiography measurements.Materials and Methods. The study sample comprised 312 subjects of Caucasian ethnic origin. Exclusion criteria were all the craniofacial anomalies, noticeable asymmetries, and previous or current orthodontic treatment. A cephalometric analysis was developed employing 11 soft tissue landmarks and 14 sagittal and 14 vertical angular measurements corresponding to skeletal cephalometric variables. Cephalometric analyses on lateral cephalometric radiographies were performed for all subjects. The measurements were analysed in terms of their reliability and gender-age specific differences. Then, the soft tissue values were analysed for any correlations with lateral cephalometric radiography variables using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.Results. Low, medium, and high correlations were found for sagittal and vertical measurements. Sagittal measurements seemed to be more reliable in providing a soft tissue diagnosis than vertical measurements.Conclusions. Sagittal parameters seemed to be more reliable in providing a soft tissue diagnosis similar to lateral cephalometric radiography. Vertical soft tissue measurements meanwhile showed a little less correlation with the corresponding cephalometric values perhaps due to the low reproducibility of cranial base and mandibular landmarks.
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