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Yan, Z., N. Raza, L. Van Waerbeke, A. J. Mead, I. G. McCarthy, T. Tröster, and G. Hinshaw. "An analysis of galaxy cluster mis-centring using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 1120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa295.
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ABSTRACT The location of a galaxy cluster’s centroid is typically derived from observations of the galactic and/or gas component of the cluster, but these typically deviate from the true centre. This can produce bias when observations are combined to study average cluster properties. Using data from the BAryons and HAloes of MAssive Systems (BAHAMAS) cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, we study this bias in both two and three dimensions for 2000 clusters over the 1013–1015 M⊙ mass range. We quantify and model the offset distributions between observationally motivated centres and the ‘true’ centre of the cluster, which is taken to be the most gravitationally bound particle measured in the simulation. We fit the cumulative distribution function of offsets with an exponential distribution and a Gamma distribution fit well with most of the centroid definitions. The galaxy-based centres can be seen to be divided into a mis-centred group and a well-centred group, with the well-centred group making up about $60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of all the clusters. Gas-based centres are overall less scattered than galaxy-based centres. We also find a cluster-mass dependence of the offset distribution of gas-based centres, with generally larger offsets for smaller mass clusters. We then measure cluster density profiles centred at each choice of the centres and fit them with empirical models. Stacked, mis-centred density profiles fit to the Navarro–Frenk–White dark matter profile and Komatsu–Seljak gas profile show that recovered shape and size parameters can significantly deviate from the true values. For the galaxy-based centres, this can lead to cluster masses being underestimated by up to $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$.
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Ntlhe, Daphne. "The Social Dimension of Shopping Centres in South Africa." Journal of Business and Management Review 4, no. 4 (April 28, 2023): 270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47153/jbmr44.6352023.
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Shopping centres have transformed consumers’ consumption patterns, behaviour, and spatial trips. Consumers’ shopping trips have shifted from traditional shopping streets to shopping centres. Their decision to patronise a shopping centre is generally influenced by a set of attributes that consumers consider commanding them to visit the centre. These attributes or reasons establish a shopping centre’s role in a neighbourhood. This paper aims to analyse consumers’ reasons for visiting shopping centres, their visits companions, and the frequency of their visits to the shopping centres as determinant factors for township shopping centres as entertainment spaces in South Africa. The study contributes to the literature on shopping centres in townships outside of South Africa’s metropolitan areas. A questionnaire survey was employed to acquire data from 390 consumers in Namakgale Crossing using the convenient sampling technique. The study concludes that township shopping centres play an entertainment and social role in addition to their economic role.
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Kryś, Piotr. "Reverse logistics inclusion in the maturity model of logistic centres." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2024, no. 202 (2024): 305–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2024.202.19.
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Purpose: The main aim of the article is to present the author's model of the maturity of logistic centres, in its improved version. Design/methodology/approach: To carry out the research and prepare the article, an expert (Delphic) method was used, using the knowledge of experts professionally connected with logistic centres, and a literature review. Findings: The conclusion of the research and analysis of the results is an improved model of logistic centre maturity compared to previous work. The developed model of logistic centre maturity allows for a comprehensive analysis of the logistic centre's maturity, locating points in need of improvement, and allows continuity and reliability of the centre's operation to be ensured. Practical implications: The model developed has practical use for management of logistics centres and is a universal one, meaning it can be utilised in any logistic centre in order to improve its inner workings. Originality/value: The main value of the paper is improvement upon author's original model of the maturity of logistics centres, with inclusion of additional arenas. The developed model is the authors’ own input into logistics science. Keywords: logistic centre, logistic, reverse logistics, maturity model. Category of the paper: Research paper.
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Tamulevičienė, Daiva. "Responsibility centres in the system of controlling." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 15 (April 10, 2014): 126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2014.15.11.
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Controlling is the new concept of modern management based on planning, control, accountability, and coordinate and consultative activity. One of the essential conditions of the installation of controlling is decentralization of management. The information in the system of controlling is accumulated and analysed not at the level of the whole company, but at the separate segments called as responsibility centres. The aim of the article is to examine the significance of the responsibility centres in the system of controlling and to propose the methodology of responsibility centres establishment and evaluation of theirs activity.
 The responsibility centre might be a division of the company or some segment of activity or geography. Depending on what responsibility centres would be created in the company, that would have an effect on efficiency of the controlling system‘s behaviour. Although there exist many different features of the classification of responsibility centres, it is appropriate, in the companies‘ practice, to make responsibility centres in accordance with the fields of activity: cost, revenue, profit and investment centres. It is appropriate to make and install the system of responsibility centres and internal reporting by suggested sequence of four stages: organizational structure diagnostics; establishment of responsibility centres; establishment of internal reporting by the responsibility centres and establishment of the system of evaluation of the responsibility centres activity and motivation of employees.
 The purpose of responsibility centres and installation of responsibility accounting in the controlling system is to ensure an efficient behaviour of the organization and the maximization of its results both in short-term and in long-term perspective. The only way to reach the purpose is by evaluating the input of each responsibility centre‘s to the overall result. The controlling service‘s task is to solve all the problems that occur in practice when establishing the responsibility centres and the reporting of responsibility centres and to select such indicators of the evaluation of each centre that would reflect the connection of activity of corresponding centre‘s employees and their achievements to the goals of organization in the best possible way.
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Dr., Mohan Naidu K., Sridevi V. Dr., Muralinath E. Dr., Manjari P. Dr., Chapalamadugu C. Kalyan Dr., Sravani Pragna K. Dr., M. Guru Prasad Dr., J. Nikhil, and Sony Sharlet Dr. "Neural as well as Chemical Mechanism of Respiration and Details of Medullary as well as Pontine Centers." Research and Reviews in Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7993623.
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<em>Respiration is a reflex process. The pattern of is controlled by two mechanisms namely nervous or neural mechanism and chemical mechanism. Respiratory centres are divided into two groups such as medullary centres (Dorsal respiratory group - DRG, Ventral respiratory group - VRG ) and pontine centers (Pneumotaxic center, Apneustic centre ). Inspiratory ramp signals are significant because they indicate low, steady breathing, which ensures that the lungs are consistently filled with air. Impulses from higher centers, impulses from stretch receptors, impulses from J receptors, impulses from irritant receptors, impulses from baroreceptors, impulses from chemo receptors, impulses from proprioceptors, impulses from thermo receptors and impulses from pain receptors also control respiratory centres.</em>
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Nestorović, Žarko, Milan Trifković, and Miroslav Kuburić. "THE CENTRE OF CIRCLE DETERMINATION BY GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS." Contemporary Theory and Practice in Construction 16, no. 1 (June 12, 2024): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.61892/stp202401093n.
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&lt;p class=&quot;ABSTRACTTITLE&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The problem of circle&amp;rsquo;s centre determination by using geodetic data is related with influences of inevitable errors as a result of measurement process as well as with the issue of model&amp;rsquo;s influence itself. In this research the experiment was conducted with aim to find out the influence of measurements error and the influence of model for centre of circle determination. The two centres of two different centres were determined by direct measurements and with the model based on the points belonging to the circle. The difference between centres determined by direct measurements and circles&amp;rsquo; centres determined from the model is actually the models&amp;rsquo; influence. Obtained results showed high concordance between the centeres determined both with measurements and model.&lt;/p&gt;
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Bates, Katherine E., Sunkyung Yu, Colleen Mangeot, Judy A. Shea, David W. Brown, and Karen Uzark. "Identifying best practices in interstage care: using a positive deviance approach within the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative." Cardiology in the Young 29, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 398–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951118002548.
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AbstractIntroductionTo identify interstage best practices associated with lower mortality, we studied National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative centres registry using a positive deviance approach.MethodsPositive deviant and control centre team members were interviewed to identify potential interstage best practices. Subsequently, all collaborative centres were surveyed on the use of these practices to test their associations with centre mortality. Questionnaires were scored using Likert scales; the overall score was linearly transformed to a 0–100-point scale with higher scores indicating increased use of practices. Mortality was based on patients enrolled after a centre’s first year in the collaborative. Centre mortality rates were divided into tertiles. Survey scores for the low mortality tertile were compared with the other tertiles.ResultsFor this study, seven positive deviant and four control teams were interviewed. A total of 20 potential best practices were identified, including team composition, improvement practices, and parent involvement. Questionnaires were completed by 36/43 eligible centres, providing 1504 patients for analysis. Average survey score was 50.2 (SD 13.4). Average mortality was 6.1% (SD 4.1). There was no correlation between survey scores and mortality (r=0.14, p=0.41). The one practice associated with the low mortality tertile was frequency of discussion of interstage results: 58.3% of low mortality teams discussed results at least monthly versus 8.4% of the middle and high tertile centres (p=0.02).ConclusionsLow-mortality centres more frequently discuss interstage results than high-mortality centres. Heightened awareness of outcomes may influence practice; however, further study is needed to understand the variation in outcomes across centres.
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Thakur, Barkha, Kamlesh Jain, Ashish Sinha, and Aditi Chandrakar. "IJCM_252A: An Assessment of Functioning of Health and Wellness Centres - Sub Health Centres (HWC-SHC) in Raipur District." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (April 2024): S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract252.
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Background: The National Health Policy 2017 has envisioned the integration of Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) into India’s healthcare system as part of Ayushman Bharat. In February 2018, the Indian Government declared the transformation of 1,50,000 existing Sub Health Centers and Primary Health Centers into Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) to provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC). Health and Wellness Centres have an important role in the prevention of several diseases and health promotion and in undertaking public health functions in the community to strengthen the frontline workers and community platforms. Objective: To assess the availability of Infrastructure and 12 comprehensive primary health care services in study centres (HWC-SHC) in Raipur district Methodology: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the 32 Health and wellness centre-sub centres of Raipur district, Chhattisgarh. In the Raipur district, there are 4 blocks and from each block, 25% of the study centres (HWC-SHC) are selected by simple random sampling. Semi- structured assessment tool with the reference of Government of India Operational Guidelines was used which consisted of checklist regarding Physical Infrastructure, Human Resource, Medicine, Diagnostic, IT component and 12 comprehensive primary health care services. The data was collected and analysis is being done by using SPSS software. Results: Out of 32 HWC-SHCs, 6 (18.75% ) were catering the services for the population as per the norms i.e. 3000- 5000. In the present study, 19 (59.4%) boundary wall, and 21 (65.6%) of SCs had wellness space. There were 31 (96.9%) of SCs had labor room, and 14 (43.8 %) had newborn care corner (NBCC). In this study, 21.9% Grievance board and 100% of IEC were present at the studied subcentres. It was observed that 31(96.9%) SCs had water, 27 (84.4%) had electricity supply and 1 (3.1%) of SCs had power backup. Separate public utilities for males and females were available in 2(6.3%) of the study centres. Out of the study sub-centre, 28 (87.5%) residential facilities were available, out of which 24 (85%) were occupied. For diagnostic services, 53.1 % of study centres have sickle- cell rapid tests and none of the centres have VIA for Screening of cervical cancer. Conclusion: The finding of the study shows that there is a scarcity in the physical infrastructure, Human resource and lab-diagnostic services at the studied centres. The major factor contributing to the non-utilization of health services at the SCs was the lack of adequate infrastructure, and logistics available at these centres.
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Humar, Atul, Jeff Lipton, Hans Messner, Allison McGeer, and Tony Mazzulli. "A Cross-Canada Survey of Cytomegalovirus Prevention and Treatment Practices in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 10, no. 6 (1999): 410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/480541.
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OBJECTIVE: To gather information about cytomegalovirus (CMV) prevention and treatment practices in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in Canada.DESIGN: A questionnaire was mailed to all centres across Canada performing BMT in January 1998. A second mailing was sent three months later.POPULATION STUDIED: Data on 15 centres performing allogeneic BMT (total patients 459) and 16 centres (total patients 703) performing autologous BMT were obtained.RESULTS: For allogeneic BMT, all donors and recipients had pretransplant CMV serology performed. Nine centres gave CMV-negative blood to only donor-negative/recipient-negative patients, four centres to all patients and two centres to other subgroups. All allogeneic BMT centres had a strategy for CMV prevention. Three centres used universal ganciclovir prophylaxis, while 12 centres used some form of pre-emptive ganciclovir therapy based on weekly antigenemia assays (four centres), weekly polymerase chain reaction (two centres), CMV blood cultures (one centre), CMV throat and urine cultures (one centre), CMV screening bronchoscopy (two centres), or a combination of antigenemia plus bronchoscopy (two centres). The dose and duration of pre-emptive ganciclovir varied considerably from centre to centre. In addition, many centres used high dose acyclovir universally for a variable period of time post-BMT. For the treatment of CMV pneumonia, 14 centres used ganciclovir plus immunoglobulin (IG) and one centre used ganciclovir alone. Ganciclovir treatment duration ranged from two to 11 weeks and the number of doses of IG from three to 18. Thirteen of 16 autologous BMT centres screened patients for CMV pretransplant. Ten centres used CMV negative blood for some or all of their patients. Only one centre performed routine CMV monitoring after autologous BMT.CONCLUSIONS: Practices for the prevention of CMV disease in BMT patients differ widely across centres, and further data may assist in developing a consensus regarding the optimal approach to CMV management.
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Igiebor, Oluwakemi Temitope. "Rethinking Gender Centres in Nigerian Universities." Journal of Gender, Culture and Society 2, no. 2 (October 26, 2022): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jgcs.2022.2.2.2.
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For the past three decades, discussions centred on gender equity have become buzzwords in academic institutions in Nigeria, which has led to an increasing effort to establish gender centres and adopt equity policies. Despite the awareness and presence of gender centres in Nigerian universities, institutionalising gender equity has been challenging. There is a struggle to explain how policy absence and gender centre mergers may constrain positive institutional gender change. This article explores why academic institutions have established gender centres but have not created gender policies. Taking into account the gender stakeholder’s perspectives in two purposively selected universities in Nigeria, this study utilises an integrated feminist approach to investigate why university gender centres are unable to advance gender equity within the institutions. Concepts like institutional resistance and layering offered tools that helped capture the dynamics of institutional change and stasis in the case studies. Findings showed that the existence of gender centres without formalised policies is a window-dressing approach that limits the potential for gender equity within the universities. It also revealed how the redirection of gender centres through mergers with other centres is ‘gendered’. Evidence showed that the prospect for institutional gender change is often tempered by merging incompatible and non-complementary centres. This study, thus, adds to the scholarly literature on institutional resistance, providing valuable insights into the subtle manifestations of resistance towards gender equity institutionalisation in academia.
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Vázquez-Miraz, Pedro, Angélica Quintana, and Begoña Riveira. "Atención en centros asistenciales para la mujer víctima de violencia de género de Coirós (Galicia) y Cartagena de Indias: un análisis comparado." iQual. Revista de Género e Igualdad, no. 5 (February 10, 2022): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/iqual.479851.
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This paper is a descriptive-comparative analysis of the services provided by two care centres for women victims of abuse. The first one, a public centre in Spain [Centro de Información a la mujer (CIM) in the municipality of Coiros (N=63), and the second one, a private centre from Colombia [Centro de Orientación a la Mujer (COM) located in Cartagena de Indias (N=43)]. The profiles of the women that accessed these centres was also analized. In order to compile the information needed to support this analysis, specific surveys were designed, and modified according to the needs of each centre. The information obtained allowed the identification of the satisfaction levels from the services offered, and also evidenced the lack of knowledge regarding the purpose of both centres. Another result obtained from this comparison were the sociodemographical differences in the profiles of abused women coming to this centres. En el presente estudio descriptivo-comparativo se analizaron los servicios prestados por dos centros asistenciales a mujeres, víctimas de maltrato, de España [Centro de Información a la Mujer (CIM) del municipio gallego de Coirós, de potestad pública (N = 63)] y Colombia [Centro de Orientación a la Mujer (COM) situado en la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, de responsabilidad privada (N = 43)] y el perfil de las usuarias que acudían a estos espacios de atención gratuita. Por medio de encuestas diseñadas especialmente para este estudio, y modificadas para cada entidad específica, se identificó que los niveles de satisfacción por los servicios prestados y el desconocimiento previo de la utilidad de ambos centros fue muy elevada, observándose diferencias sociodemográficas respecto el perfil de la mujer maltratada que acudía a cada entidad.
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Liu, Jie, and Andreas Terzis. "Sensing data centres for energy efficiency." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 370, no. 1958 (January 13, 2012): 136–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0245.
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Data centres are large energy consumers today, and their consumption is expected to increase further, driven by the growth in cloud services. The large monetary cost and the environmental impact of this consumption have motivated operators to optimize data centre management. We argue that one of the underlying reasons for the low-energy utilization is the lack of visibility into a data centre's highly dynamic operating conditions. Wireless sensor networks promise to remove this veil of uncertainty by delivering large volumes of data collected at high spatial and temporal fidelities. The paper summarizes data centre operations in order to describe the parameters that a data centre sensing network should collect and motivate the challenges that such a network faces. We present technical approaches for the problems of data collection and management and close with an overview of a data centre genome, an end-to-end data centre sensing system.
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Bishagazi, Kaihula P., Tibuhinda Ngonzi, and Lupilya Gregory. "The Effect of Internal Control System on Financial Performance of Church Organization Compassion Centers: A Case of Nyamagana District." Recent Trends in Data Mining and Business Forecasting 4, no. 2 (November 16, 2023): 18–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jtdmbf.2023.v04i02.003.
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The paper generally aimed to study the effect of the internal control system on the financial performance of church organization compassion centres in the Nyamagana district. Specifically, the study centred on three areas, namely, the control environment, control activities and monitoring. The study applied the principal/agency theory. Data were collected at once through close-ended questionnaires where a cross-sectional research design was fitted. The study’s unity of analysis involved 100 people (church leaders, compassion centre board members, personal coordinators, social workers, accountants, and auditors). A binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the internal control system (ICS) and financial performance (FP) of church organization compassion centres. The outcomes depicted that the control environment has a positive significant relationship with the FP of compassion centres (r=0.838, β=0.512, p=0.000). Moreover, control activities have a positive significant relationship (r=0.828, β=0.521, p=0.000), while monitoring has a positive significant relationship with FP of compassion centres (r=0.751, β=0.629, p=0.000).
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Zhang, Y., T. Jeltema, D. L. Hollowood, S. Everett, E. Rozo, A. Farahi, A. Bermeo, et al. "Dark Energy Surveyed Year 1 results: calibration of cluster mis-centring in the redMaPPer catalogues." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 487, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 2578–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1361.
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Abstract The centre determination of a galaxy cluster from an optical cluster finding algorithm can be offset from theoretical prescriptions or N-body definitions of its host halo centre. These offsets impact the recovered cluster statistics, affecting both richness measurements and the weak lensing shear profile around the clusters. This paper models the centring performance of the redMaPPer cluster finding algorithm using archival X-ray observations of redMaPPer-selected clusters. Assuming the X-ray emission peaks as the fiducial halo centres, and through analysing their offsets to the redMaPPer centres, we find that ${\sim } 75\pm 8 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the redMaPPer clusters are well centred and the mis-centred offset follows a Gamma distribution in normalized, projected distance. These mis-centring offsets cause a systematic underestimation of cluster richness relative to the well-centred clusters, for which we propose a descriptive model. Our results enable the DES Y1 cluster cosmology analysis by characterizing the necessary corrections to both the weak lensing and richness abundance functions of the DES Y1 redMaPPer cluster catalogue.
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Hermann, Sophie, Susanne Krug, Olga Maria Domanska, Juliane Wurm, Johanna Romefort, Susanne Kuger, Julika Loss, and Susanne Jordan. "Physical activity promotion in daycare centres in Germany: study protocol for a cross-sectional survey within the BeweKi study." BMJ Open 13, no. 6 (June 2023): e070726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070726.
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IntroductionIn Germany, a total of 92.2% of children between the age of 3 and school entry age attend daycare centres. Therefore, daycare centres are a suitable setting to promote physical activity among children. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge on the promotion of physical activity in daycare centres with regards to different structures and concepts, culture/policies/practices and the characteristics of directors and pedagogical staff of daycare centres in Germany. The aim of this study is to investigate (a) the status quo, as well as (b) the fostering and hindering conditions (barriers and facilitators) of physical activity promotion in daycare centres in Germany.Methods and analysisThe cross-sectional study will collect data from November 2022 to February 2023. For the sample, about 5500 daycare centres will be drawn from an address database available through the German Youth Institute (DJI) and invited to the survey. From each daycare centre a director and a pedagogical staff member will be asked to fill in a standardised self-administered questionnaire. The survey explores characteristics of the daycare centre and the implementation of physical activity promotion, for example, the extent and form of physical activity promotion, the use and size of indoor and outdoor area, structural conditions such as personal and financial resources, personal attitudes towards physical activity promotion, demographic characteristics of pedagogical staff, structural daycare centre’s characteristics such as proportion of children from socioeconomic disadvantaged groups. In addition, micro-geographical data on socioeconomic and infrastructural environment of the daycare centres will be included in the data set.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been received and approved by the Commissioner for Data Protection of the Robert Koch Institute and by the Ethics Committee of Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin, University of Applied Sciences. Results will be disseminated through publications and presentations to scientific community and stakeholders.
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Oyakhire, M.M., K.A. Ewah, P. Ukpevbo, and A.D. Emueze. "An Evaluation of Facilities Management Practice of Event Centres in Auchi, Edo State." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 8, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10650772.
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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> <em>Facilities management practice has been known to enhance the peculiarity of a space, making spaces adaptable to multipurpose use, without altering any functional requirements. The design features and techniques that allow for changing situations in the use and operation of spaces are the focus of this paper. Components such as walls, floors and roofs are the design features that affect space in any building. Event centers being hubs for cultural and social activities, attract an unpredictable population, hence the need for a perfect venue for event centres which are fast becoming stable and developing features of any city. The study assessed the evaluation of facilities management practice of event centres, examining their adaptation to the inadequacy of event spaces in some selected event centres in Auchi. Observation schedules were used as instruments to obtain data, the data collected was then analyzed. It was observed from the study that all event centres had adaptability as their flexible design approach and this is as a result of the use of large open spaces, however, some of these event centres fail to have good/suitable design features. Planned and preventive maintenance should be taken regularly in order to enhance the effectiveness of the facilities management and to satisfy both the owner and customers of the organization. It was recommended that design features such as moveable walls, retractable roofs, and sitting should be used in event centre designs to achieve an effective event centre design.</em>
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Anyidoho, Emmanuel Dodzi, and Teresa Auma Ogina. "Quality of Planning Practices in Early Childhood Education Centres in Ghana: Directors’ Perspectives and Experiences." European Journal of Educational Management 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2024): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eujem.7.2.125.
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Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) directors are crucial for sustainable quality ECCD centre management, leading to a focus on efficient 21st-century practices. Planning principles are essential for managing the complexity of early childhood education services. This paper aimed to explore how ECCD directors plan management activities in their centres in Ghana. The study was conducted in sixteen ECCD centres located in five metropolitan and municipal districts within the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The study involved 20 participants, including directors/head teachers and board members, selected using a purposive sampling strategy. Data were collected through interviews and document reviews. Although evidence from the study showed that ECCD directors put much effort into managing their centres, the study found that ECCD directors experience various challenges concerning applying the basic management principle of planning at their centres. In this article, the authors contend that planning is a crucial management function that sets achievable goals in line with the ECCD centre's vision and provides direction for actions to achieve ECCD goals. In addressing the identified challenges, the researchers developed a systems-based planning framework to guide directors in their planning roles at the ECCD centres.
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RAVI, B. G., and S. RAMASAMY. "STATUS OF STUDY OF COLOUR CENTERS IN CALCIUM FLUORIDE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 06, no. 17 (September 10, 1992): 2809–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979292002255.
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A review is given on studies of different types of colour centres in calcium fluoride crystals. Production, analysis and application of some colour centres like F and F aggregate centres, M A centre, oxygen centre, colloidal centre, and photochromic centre are discussed. The results of ESR, ENDOR, Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD). Raman spectroscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy are reviewed. Irradiation effects on the colourability of pure and doped calcium fluoride crystals are also discussed.
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Jakovčić, Martina, and Ivica Rendulić. "Razvoj i funkcije kupovnih centara u Zadru." Geoadria 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.569.
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The paper deals with the development of retail centres in Zadar. Types of retail centres are classified on the basis of the type of business outlets and functions. Four main types of retail centres are: shopping centres, hypermarkets, specialized hypermarkets and shopping centres – hypermarkets. Typology based on the location of centres is also developed. Functions of retail centres are analyzed based on the results gathered by a survey conducted in two retail centres, namely City Galleria – Trgovinski centar Relja and Mercator centre.
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Aquilino-Navarro, Andrea, Juan Manuel Ramón-Jerónimo, and Raquel Flórez-López. "Management Control Systems in Shopping Centres: Analysis of the Managing Director." Logistics 6, no. 1 (February 13, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics6010016.
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Background: How do Shopping Centre Managers use the Management Control System (MCS) to adapt to the available resources according to the characteristics of the centre and external factors that may affect such management? We identified the differences in the MCS between three types of shopping centres: urban-conventional centres, peripheral-conventional centres, and peripheral-outlet centres. Methods: This qualitative research, based on a multiple case study, aims to obtain a descriptive and explanatory view of the situation of the MCS in the analysed centres. For the study, an interview with a store manager in a shopping centre and semi-structured interviews with the managers of the selected centres were conducted. Results: The relevant factors that affect management were detected: ownership structure, budget management, centre maintenance, marketing-mix management, and the image of the centre to be projected, based on the public that the manager intends to attract. Conclusions: MCSs within each shopping centre vary little, depending on the external factors described, and the differences in management are not based on the characteristics of the centre but on the vision of the manager. A detailed description of the role of the manager is offered, and the door is opened for further research on the subject.
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Schaffner, Sabina. "The language centre as a laboratory for innovation." Language Learning in Higher Education 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2020-2022.
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Abstract This paper discusses the potential of language centres in higher education as laboratories for innovation. Despite their hybrid character as central service providers that are also defined by their teaching, their positioning at the academic periphery, and the lack of a mandate to do academic research, language centres still have an obligation to conduct research as a means of promoting innovation. The design-based research (DBR) approach in learning and teaching, in which teaching stakeholders examine learning processes in real situation, offers a suitable opportunity for language centres to overcome the restrictions placed upon them. DBR can be done using existing resources and the innovation potential of a language centre’s teaching staff. The leadership and management of the language centre must be made responsible for providing and/or enabling the necessary structural, material, and cultural conditions for such research. This paper discusses the DBR approach at language centres in higher education and its impact on leadership. It then gives two examples of the successful implementation of DBR at the Language Center of UZH and ETH Zurich.
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Allen, Michael, Emma Villeneuve, Martin Pitt, and Steve Thornton. "How can consultant-led childbirth care at time of delivery be maximised? A modelling study." BMJ Open 10, no. 7 (July 2020): e034830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034830.
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ObjectiveThe Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has advised that consolidation of birth centres, where reasonable, into birth centres of at least 6000 admissions per year should allow constant consultant presence. Currently, only 17% of mothers attend such birth centres. The objective of this work was to examine the feasibility of consolidation of birth centres, from the perspectives of birth centre size and travel times for mothers.DesignComputer-based optimisation.SettingHospital-based births.Population or sample1.91 million admissions in 2014–2016.MethodsA multiple-objective genetic algorithm.Main outcome measuresTravel time for mothers and size of birth centres.ResultsCurrently, with 161 birth centres, 17% of women attend a birth centre with at least 6000 admissions per year. We estimate that 95% of women have a travel time of 30 min or less. An example scenario, with 100 birth centres, could provide 75% of care in birth centres with at least 6000 admissions per year, with 95% of women travelling 35 min or less to their closest birth centre. Planning at local level leads to reduced ability to meet admission and travel time targets.ConclusionsWhile it seems unrealistic to have all births in birth centres with at least 6000 admissions per year, it appears realistic to increase the percentage of mothers attending this type of birth centre from 17% to about 75% while maintaining reasonable travel times. Planning at a local level leads to suboptimal solutions.
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Lavery, Nick, and Gavin Stratford. "Case Studying Technology Transfer in an Objective 1 Area." Industry and Higher Education 17, no. 2 (April 2003): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000003101296792.
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Two major initiatives are in place in Wales that aim to create a strong and internationally competitive small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector. These are the Technology Exploitation Programme (TEP) and the Centres of Excellence for Technology and Industrial Collaboration (CETIC) programme. The Materials Centre of Excellence at the University of Wales Swansea is one of the centres in the CETIC programme with traditionally strong links to the Welsh manufacturing sector. This paper describes the Centre's experiences during its first year in the programme as a way of highlighting both the successes and difficulties in the implementation of EU Objective 1 technology transfer initiatives.
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Nanda, Sarthak, Nirmal Verma, and Kamlesh Jain. "IJCM_264A: An assessment of Dialysis services in the state of Chhattisgarh." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (April 2024): S76—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract264.
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Background: In India, about 3.4 crore people need dialysis, with 2.2 million new cases of renal diseases every year. With approximately 4950 dialysis centres, the demand is less than half met. Every Dialysis has an additional expenditure tag of about Rs.2000, it results in expenditure of Rs.3-4 Lakhs annually for the patient. The Dialysis Program under Public Private Partnership was formally announced in the Union Budget 2016-17 by the Honourable Finance Minister. Objective: To assess the dialysis centres working under the National Dialysis Programme. To look at the resources and equipment’s of various centres to look at the patient load of various centres Methodology: The teams from Pt. J.N.M Medical college went to 8 centres of various centres giving dialysis services. This covered 75% of the centres of the state. Centre staff as well as patients were interviewed. The interview was conducted using a predesigned, validated, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The staff working in the centres is well trained and they are managing the workload well. The technicians are doing well in terms of giving services and most of the centres have multiple machines. Raipur is the most advanced one. Conclusion: These dialysis centres are doing a good job in managing workload however, the centres should have a dedicated Medical officer for the centre. Although, workload is well managed because of Medical Officers working in DH and trained staff of the centre, the medical officers of District Hospital can be trained for reduction of employment stress
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Abdullah, Hamed AlQahtani. "Waste Energy in Data Centers." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research 11, no. 3 (September 27, 2023): 172–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8383544.
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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Data centres are the backbone of the digital age, powering the storage and processing of vast amounts of information. However, their relentless demand for energy has raised concerns about environmental sustainability. This essay explores the concept of waste energy in data centres as a promising solution to mitigate their environmental footprint and improve overall energy efficiency. The exponential growth of data centre operations has led to significant energy consumption, resulting in carbon emissions and resource depletion. To address these challenges, data centre operators and researchers are increasingly focusing on harnessing waste energy, which refers to the energy generated as a byproduct of data centre operations that would otherwise go unused. This studyexamines various sources of waste energy, including excess heat and motion, and discusses innovative techniques to capture and repurpose this energy. Furthermore, the study delves into the benefits of waste energy utilization, including reduced operating costs, decreased carbon emissions, and improved energy resilience. The integration of renewable energy sources and advanced cooling systems plays a pivotal role in maximizing waste energy recovery. In addition to the technical aspects, this paper explores the economic and environmental implications of waste energy initiatives, highlighting their potential to transform data centres into sustainable, green computing hubs. It also discusses the challenges and barriers that must be overcome to achieve widespread adoption of waste energy solutions. In conclusion, waste energy in data centres represents a critical pathway towards a more sustainable and efficient digital infrastructure. By reimagining data centre operations and leveraging waste energy sources, we can significantly reduce the environmental impact of the digital age while ensuring the continued growth of our interconnected world. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Waste Energy, Data Centers, Sustainability, Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency, Green Computing, Environmental Impact. <strong>Title:</strong> Waste Energy in Data Centers <strong>Author:</strong> Abdullah Hamed AlQahtani <strong>International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research</strong> <strong>ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online)</strong> <strong>Vol. 11, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023</strong> <strong>Page No: 172-175</strong> <strong>Research Publish Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong> <strong>Published Date: 27-September-2023</strong> <strong>DOI: </strong><strong>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8383544</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/waste-energy-in-data-centers</strong>
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Le Calvez, Kerlann, Peter Treasure, and Matt Williams. "Using surgical and oncology workload to plan brain tumour trial recruitment in England." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_4 (October 2019): iv11—iv12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz167.047.
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Abstract Introduction Access to clinical trials is a common request for patients with brain tumours. However, opening clinical trials requires additional work per centre opened. We have previously shown that surgical and oncology workload varies between centres, and fluctuates over time. There is a trade-off between offering access to clinical trials and increasing costs associated with opening trials in centres that treat few patients. Methods We used two separate datasets from England covering 3 years – one for neurosurgical workload and one for radiotherapy. We only included adult patients and calculated cumulative proportions of the malignant primary brain tumour population (C71) by number of centres. We investigated stability by checking how many patients would have to be added/ removed from a centre to change their rank. Results There were 7061 surgical and 5060 radiotherapy patients. To capture 25% of patients, we would need to open trials in 4 surgical/5 radiotherapy centres; for 50%, 9 surgical/ 13 radiotherapy centres; for 75%, 16 surgical/ 24 radiotherapy centres. Centre rank was fluid: adding 16 surgical/9 radiotherapy patients would change the rank of a centre. Discussion These are the first data to allow for rational planning of trials in brain tumour patients. We have shown that we can reach 75% of the brain tumour population by opening trials in ~50% of surgical and radiotherapy centres. Centre rank alters over year, so we should be cautious about being too prescriptive. Nonetheless, these data should allow some rational planning of trial centre inclusion.
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Kane, Kevin, John R. Hipp, and Jae Hong Kim. "Los Angeles employment concentration in the 21st century." Urban Studies 55, no. 4 (December 6, 2016): 844–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016678341.
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This paper is an empirical analysis of employment centres in the Los Angeles region from 1997 to 2014. Most extant work on employment centres focuses on identification methodology or their dynamics during a period of industrial restructuring from 1980 to 2000. We analyse employment centres using point-based, rather than census tract-based employment data and a non-parametric identification method with a single concept of proximity. We focus on changes across five key industries: knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS), retail, creative, industrial and high-tech, emphasising changes in centre composition as well as their boundaries. Results show far greater change across centres than previous longitudinal studies. Only 43% of the land area that is in an employment centre is part of one in both 1997 and 2014. Using a persistence score, centres range from stable to highly fluctuating, but emerging, persisting and dying centres are found in core and fringe areas alike. KIBS are most associated with stable centres, while high tech employment is attracted toward emerging areas and retail exists throughout. Emerging centres are more likely to have greater accessibility, while industrial employment becomes far more concentrated in centres by 2014.
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Ferronato, Priscilla, Lisa Mercer, Jennifer Roberts-Smith, and Stan Ruecker. "Living Labs and the DH Centre: Lessons for Each from the Other." KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies 3 (February 27, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/kula.46.
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The digital humanities (DH) has a long and successful history of creating, using, and maintaining DH centres, as evidenced by the vast centerNet network. Furthermore, some of the most successful centres are constantly evolving in form and function. In this paper, we propose that the next phase in the evolution of the DH centre may involve a related phenomenon from the design research community, called the ‘Living Lab.’ The European Network of Living Labs describes them as dedicated to open forms of design for social good: ‘Living Labs (LLs) are defined as user-centred, open innovation ecosystems based on a systematic user co-creation approach, integrating research and innovation processes in real-life communities and settings.’ Current member labs deal with topics ranging from health and well-being (52%) to mobility (14%), but there are few that focus on issues central to DH, such as open social scholarship. We argue that incorporating more DH into the Living Labs network, and more Living Labs into DH centres, would benefit everyone involved. Specifically, DH labs could benefit from Living Labs’ experience with complex problems, and Living Labs could benefit from DH centres’ experience producing research.
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AlHarkan, Dora Hamad, Rawan Mohammed A. Altowayan, Amjad Mohammed Alharbi, Sahar Mohammed Aljumaiah, Lamia Ibrahim Alhijji, and Buthaina Suliaman B. Alkhezzy. "Pattern of ophthalmic referral from primary healthcare centres to secondary and tertiary hospitals in Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20202379.
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Background: References of patients with ocular diseases are an indirect indicator that reflects integration of primary eye care into primary health care system. The study reviewed the ophthalmic references from four randomly selected primary health care centres to ophthalmic unit of secondary and tertiary hospitals in Qassim Province of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This was a retrospective health record review study was undertaken at four PHC centres in Qassim region during the year 2017. All cases referred for eye care from January 2015 until December 2016 were included. Prevalence of ophthalmic reference, profile of ophthalmic patients and ophthalmic diagnosis were analysed.Results: From primary health care centres, 423 eye cases from 1,387,996 population of catchment area were referred. The annual prevalence of eye reference was 1.5 per 10,000. Vision screening and diabetic retinopathy evaluation comprised of 55.5% of total reference.Conclusions: Poor reference pattern from primary health care centers to secondary and tertiary eye centre suggest urgent and strong need of implementing primary eye care in the primary health care centres of Saudi Arabia. Referral of simple eye cases are increasing the workload of ophthalmologists and can delay urgent referrals like cases of diabetic retinopathy screening.
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Bashar, M. D. Abu. "Assessment of infrastructure facilities, manpower and services at health sub-centres from a rural block of Haryana, North India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 2965. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221767.
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Background: A sub-centre is the most peripheral and first point of contact between the health care system and the Community. The success of any nationwide programme largely depends on well-functioning sub-centres providing services of acceptable standard to people. Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) were programmed with an objective to standardize the health care infrastructure and services. Current study was undertaken with the aim to assess the infrastructure facilities, manpower and services of a sample of sub-centers from North India against the IPHS standards.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out from February 2014 to October 2014 in 30 of the 32 sub-centres in a rural block of district Ambala in the state of Haryana, North India using a specially designed semi structured questionnaire to compare the existing physical infrastructure, manpower, quality control and service delivery in these sub-centres against the IPHS standards.Results: Significant gaps existed in available physical infrastructure and availability of manpower (especially male worker). The parameters designed for quality control like citizen’s charter, internal and external monitoring were also found to be deficient. Record keeping and reporting was also unsatisfactory. However, availability of the requisite services and service delivery was found to be satisfactory.Conclusions: There is urgent need to equip the sub-centres with the necessary infrastructure and logistics along with need of regular monitoring and supervision of the sub-centers by internal and external agencies so as to improve the quality of facilities and services provided by them.
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Darling, Edward, Kathy Nanry, Ian Shearer, David Kaemmer, and Scott Lawson. "Techniques of paediatric modified ultrafiltration: 1996 survey results." Perfusion 13, no. 2 (March 1998): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919801300204.
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In September 1996, perfusionists from 50 paediatric open-heart surgery programmes were contacted to identify centres that are currently using the technique of modified ultrafiltration (MUF). Of the 50 centres contacted, 22 (44%) were utilizing the technique. These centres were surveyed on the following: neonatal circuit description, patient entry criteria, MUF circuit description, conduct of MUF, use of extracorporeal safety devices and/or modifications, and technical complications. All 22 centres used roller pumps and membrane oxygenators. In 19 centres, MUF was utilized exclusively in the arteriovenous mode (86%), while two centres (9%) used the venovenous mode and one centre (5%) used both methods. Most (82%) of the 22 MUF centres used a blood cardioplegia system for myocardial preservation. After cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), these blood cardioplegia systems were often converted for use as MUF circuits in a variety of ways. Other methods of accessing the CPB circuit for MUF included utilizing either a recirculation line or a dedicated port added to the circuit specifically for MUF. Blood flow rates during MUF, pump strategies, haemoconcentrator vacuum levels and endpoints were variable from centre to centre. Technical complications related to MUF were reported by 82% of the surveyed MUF centres. The most common complication, air cavitating into the circuit, was reported by 15 centres. From these data, we propose recommendations on the integration of MUF into CPB circuits, the conduct of perfusion during MUF, and appropriate safety considerations to minimize technical complications.
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Gaad, Eman. "Assessing the Needs of People with Disabilities in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 4, no. 11 (November 30, 2013): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v4i11.139.
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While there are many opportunities for people with disabilities (PWD) in Abu Dhabi (AD), UAE, there hardly been a study of what is required to get such people to meet their full potentials. This study commenced December 2012 and lasted for 4 months. The needs assessment based study tried to answer questions like what is needed to achieve the enhancement of the quality of life of PWD in AD region during and after school/centre times. It also looked at what type of needs (financial, assistive, emotional, and other) those people might have, and what are the needs of the parents of PWD that support the development of their children to reach their full potentials. Adding to that what could be recommended to bridge the gap in such needs. The purpose was mainly to develop a good understanding of the landscape. Benchmarking was undertaken from all private centers and scanning the needs of all parents of PWD in government centers across AD as well. It is hoped that researching the findings would help to develop the services on offer for PWD in the Emirate of AD. In order to achieve the aims of this study, 8 centres were selected out of the total of 17 which is the number of private centres in AD. The selection was based on size, location and type of disability as a purposeful sample to insure fair representation of the centres. The researcher conducted 8 filed visits of centers in Abu Dhabi and Al Ain to assess their current services, operating model etc. Individual briefs were prepared for every center with comparisons across specific factors. Scanning all the needs of all the parents of people with disability in the government centres across Abu Dhabi was looked at differently. To insure validity of the data and because the Emirati people with disability clustered mainly in government centres, all nine government centres under Zayed Higher Organization for Humanitarian Care were visited and sample interviews (qualitative and quantitative) from all centres were undertaken. Selected participants were used to interview and investigate up close (purposeful sampling). Findings showed that there is a desperate need for support after school hours despite the care offered during school hours for those who are in school age. Parents need support on several levels especially with how to spend quality time with their children with disabilities.
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Eifrig, B., H. Lenk, H. Pollmann, I. Scharrer, A. Huth-Kühne, and R. Zimmermann. "Register von Hämophilie-Zentren in Deutschland." Hämostaseologie 32, S 01 (2012): S12—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1619769.
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SummaryAn adequate number of qualified haemophilia centres is an essential requirement for effective and cost-efficient haemophilia care. During a reassessment of the delivery of haemophilia care in Germany a broad range of criteria relating to structure and quality of the centres were defined and a questionnaire was developed. Results: Of 137 doctors who received the questionnaire, 113 (82%) replied. Based on data related to diagnostic and treatment services, together with voluntary information from PEI forms (Paul Ehrlich Institut, Germany), 72 haemophilia centres were established. Three levels of haemophilia care were defined by the Medical Advisory Council of the German Haemophilia Society. This is in accordance with criteria defined by European working parties. 17 haemophilia centres were designated CCC (Comprehensive Care Centre), 24 were designated HTC (Haemophilia Treatment Centre) and 31 smallest centres were allocated the status HTR (Haemophilia Treatment Regional). In comparison to the survey in 2007, there was only slight variance in the CCC centres (+ 2 centres/–1 centre). From the previous HTC centres, 7 have withdrawn from this treatment level: 4 maintain treatment on the lower level HTR, and 3 centres had ceased treatment. On the HTR level of treatment, 6 of 29 (21%) had ceased to offer treatment. 9 had been able to increase the number of patients and were designated HTC. 5404 patients with haemophilia and 3047 with the severe form of haemophilia were reported. 67% were treated in CCC, 25% in haemophilia treatment centres and 8% in the 31 smallest centres. 13 of the adult CCC are situated in the department of internal medicine and 4 in the section of transfusion medicine. Conclusions: The survey and analysis of the haemophilia treatment centres in Germany show that the delivery of haemophilia care through 17 CCC, 24 HCT and 31 HTR appears to be adequately structured. But it is noticeable and alarming, however, that on both HTC and HTR levels of treatment, 32% and 21%, respectively, have left their treatment level. 9 centres (12.5%) have finished working in haemophilia care in the last four years. On the strength of these results, endeavours to maintain haemophilia centres must be intensified. A high level of effective care can be guaranteed only through continued existence of the centres.
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Pařil, Vilém, Milan Viturka, and Václav Rederer. "The change of commuting behaviour with planned high-speed railways in Czechia." Review of Economic Perspectives 23, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2022-0016.
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Abstract This paper is focused on high-speed railway planning and its general aim is to assess potential commuting behaviour change on the example of planned high-speed railway in Czechia. We used standard geographical methods based on census data from 2011 in relevant ten regional centres and two important railway junctions that will be connected to high-speed railway according to planned network. The rest of three regional centres not planned to be connected to high-speed railway are disregarded. We assessed the attractiveness of relevant centre for commuter mobility change. The results document the strategic position of Prague as the main commuting centre, which relevant indicators significantly exceed all other labour mobility centres (the second most crucial centre Brno is about half the important one). This fact was confirmed by analyzing gradient labour areas and evaluating commuting relations among relevant centres. The assessment of potential impacts of HSR on labour markets is then carried out using the model of the marginal rate of labour mobility, where it is possible to count on positive impacts except for Prague on two other commuter centres, Brno and Pilsen. In the case of other analyzed centres, we can count on increasing the potential of a trip for work to the centres mentioned above.
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Ko, JY Peter, Franziskus Heigl, Yun Mui Yiu, Xing-Tai Zhou, Tom Regier, Robert I. R. Blyth, and Tsun-Kong Sham. "Soft X-ray excited colour-centre luminescence and XANES studies of calcium oxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-109.
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In this study, we show that colour centres can be produced by irradiating calcium oxide with soft X-rays from a synchrotron radiation source. Using the X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) technique, two colour centres, F-centre, and F+-centre can be identified. These colour centres emit photons at characteristic wavelengths. In addition, by performing time-resolved XEOL (TRXEOL), we are able to reveal timing and decay characteristics of the colour centres. We also present X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra collected across oxygen K-edge, calcium L3,2-edge, and calcium K-edge. Experimental results are compared with density functional theory (DFT) calculations.Key words: calcium oxide, colour centre, synchrotron, X-ray excited optical luminescence, X-ray absorption near-edge structure.
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Määttä, Mirja. "Reforming youth transition support with the multi-agency approach? A case study of the Finnish one-stop guidance centers." Sociologija 61, no. 2 (2019): 277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1902277m.
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Finland is trying to expedite and support young people?s transition to productive adulthood in various ways. Face-to-face guidance in multi-agency service points, the One-Stop Guidance Centers, has formed a central means for the last three governments. In these centres, a young person under the age of 30 can get help from different professionals in matters related to work, education and everyday life. This study asks how the centres define their tasks and target groups, and how the centres relate to the service reformation. The data consists of peer-learning surveys for the employees of the centres, conducted in 2015, 2016 and 2017.The research approach is inspired by membership categorisation analysis (MCA) pointing out that institutions think and act by means of categories: they produce client classifications and problem definitions, which define their service provision. The data analysis mixes MCA and content analysis. The centres have no dominant administrative sector or profession that would provide the target settings and categorisations to be directly applied in their work. Instead, these are negotiated inter-professionally and locally. The analysis shows that the employees reflect their task against the problems of the old service provision system. The centres want to stand apart from the bureaucratic and siloed service provision system as a youth-centred and holistic service. Developing a new way of working necessarily means questioning the conventional categories of clients and actions. Yet, the possibility to develop the ?new? varies between the professional groups and the geographic areas. The detailed and detached legislation of different administrative branches also delimit it.
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G., Abhijnana, Selvi Thangaraj, Ranganath T. S., and Vishwanath . "Comparing infrastructure of anganwadi centres under integrated child development services of urban and rural Bangalore: a cross sectional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 4510. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194521.
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Background: Anganwadi centres under integrated child development services is the largest Project in India to improve not only child health but reproductive, maternal and adolescent health. The aim of the present study is to compare the infrastructure of urban and rural anganwadi which is one of the basic need to provide quality services.Methods: A total of 30 anganwadi centres are involved in our study in which 20 are from rural and 10 are from urban field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore. This study employed interview method with anganwadi worker’s and observation of anganwadi centre using pre-designed, semi structured questionnaire and checklist.Results: 85% of rural and 60% urban anganwadi centres have their own buildings to carry out the services. 20% of rural anganwadi centres lack fixed name boards compared to urban anganwadi centres. 55% of rural anganwadi centres and 90% of urban anganwadi centres lack separate storage for raw food materials. 15% of rural anganwadi centres lack functional toilet facility. 40% of rural anganwadi centres lack functional weighing machine.Conclusions: Anganwadi centres are remote contact point of health care system within the community. The infrastructure of anganwadi centre such as type of building, space for cooking and activities, availability of functional equipments ensure the quality service deliveries which in turn are enhanced by timely supervision from higher authorities.
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Peng, Philip WH, Ingrid Fedoroff, Line Jacques, and Krishna Kumar. "Survey of the Practice of Spinal Cord Stimulators and Intrathecal Analgesic Delivery Implants for Management of Pain in Canada." Pain Research and Management 12, no. 4 (2007): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/312582.
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BACKGROUND: In 2006, the Canadian Neuromodulation Society was formed. The present survey characterizes the practice of spinal cord stimulator (SCS) and intrathecal analgesic delivery pump (IADP) implantation for pain management in different centres across Canada.METHOD: A structured questionnaire was designed to examine the funding source, infrastructure and patient screening process in different centres implanting SCSs and IADPs. Centres that performed more than 10 implants per year were surveyed. The survey was centre-based, ie, each centre received one questionnaire regardless of the number of staff involved in neuromodulation practice.RESULTS: Fourteen centres were identified and 13 responded. Implantation of SCS and IADP was performed in 12 and 10 centres, respectively. In most centres, failed back surgery syndrome was the most frequent indication for SCS and IADP implantation. For SCS, all centres always performed a trial; the majority used percutaneous electrode (83%) before the SCS implantation. Routine psychological screening was performed in 25% of centres before any SCS trial procedure. For IADP, all centres performed a trial injection or infusion before implantation. Five centres (50%) performed psychological screening in almost all patients. Continuous infusion techniques were the most popular (50%) used for the trial.CONCLUSION: The present survey provides a ‘snapshot’ of the practice of SCS and IADP implantation in Canada. A review of SCS and IADP trials indicated that Canadian practices are mostly, but not always, consistent with those elsewhere.
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Bing, Chan Yi, and Mazlina Che Mustafa. "Exploring the sustainability of institution-based private childcare centres in Klang Valley." Southeast Asia Early Childhood Journal 10, Special (May 6, 2021): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37134/saecj.vol10.sp.10.2021.
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With the increased number of women participation in the labour force and the encouragement from the Malaysia government to the private sector in setting up preschool and early childcare centre, there is a high demand on the number of institution-based private childcare centre. However, the literature has shown that the number of childcare centres closing is on the rise and at a worrying state. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the possible factors affecting the closing down of childcare centre and to learn the best practices from the sustaining childcare centres. This study utilized multiple case studies methods in researching the success factors of those sustainable childcare centre as well as identifying the factors that lead to the closing down of some childcare centres. Two institution-based private childcare centres who have operated for more than ten years and two centres that have recently closed after operating between two to four years in the Klang Valley area were selected in this study. This study used semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data from the operator, teacher and parent of each centre. Findings indicate that operators need not only to have early childhood education background in curriculum planning, training and lessons planning, at the same time, they have to be knowledgeable, skilful and experienced in business management to enhance their competencies for management of centres in today’s competitive industry. Operators are expected to have good financial management, strong leadership abilities, good in marketing and recruitment and to have policy literacy to comply with the constant changing of the laws and regulations of Malaysia. The ineffective governance in terms of registration and monitoring of childcare centre, enforcement of the laws and loopholes between different licenses became the leading factors of the closing down of the childcare centres in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
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Nyantakyi-Baah, Lydia. "Impact of Information Centres on Scientific Research: A Case Study of the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana." Journal of Communications, Media And Society (JOCMAS) 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2012): 113–31. https://doi.org/10.63772/jocmas.v2n1.6.
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Information centres are of prime concern as far as managing information is concerned. They have become significant in the provision of scientific and technical resources for scientists. Hence there is the need for information centres to process and repackage information in a suitable format that will satisfy and meet users’ information needs. This study looked at the impact of information centres on scientific research with reference to the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana. The impact of any information centre’s services on research or on a parent organization depends on the satisfaction users derive through the services. The study adopted the expectation disconfirmation theory, a customer satisfaction model, and used the survey method, employing the semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from 60 library users and 20 information centre staff. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used to present the analysis. Findings from the study show that the Library is used frequently and patronage is very high. The information resources were found to be reliable, current and produced in a timely manner. Users derive a lot of benefits in using the Information Centre and this has increased research output. However, there are areas of dissatisfaction like the poor nature of Internet connectivity, inadequate information resources and limited funding.
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Haro-González, Mónica, Raquel Pérez-Ordas, Marta Leyton-Román, Alicia Caamaño-Guadix, and Alberto Nuviala. "Grupos de usuarias del mercado deportivo femenino (Groups of users in the women sports market)." Retos, no. 34 (November 18, 2017): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i34.59193.
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La industria deportiva sabe que las necesidades e intereses de la población femenina no son las mismas que las de los varones y por ello en el mercado han aparecido centros deportivos y de fitness exclusivos para mujeres. El objeto de este estudio fue segmentar a mujeres que realizan prácticas físico deportivas en centros deportivos, utilizando como variables de agrupación diferentes tipos de motivación (intrínseca, integrada, identificada, introyectada, externa y desmotivación) y comprobar las diferencias entre las usuarias que acuden a centros mixtos y las que acuden a centros exclusivos femeninos. La población objeto de estudio estuvo conformada por 745 mujeres con una edad media 32.97±14.11 años, pertenecientes a 62 centros deportivos y de fitness. El 36.60% de las mujeres eran usuarias de centros exclusivos. Los resultados establecieron dos grupos. Los factores motivación identificada y desmotivación fueron los más relevantes para distribuir a las mujeres en los segmentos. El grupo uno mostró valores más altos en motivación integrada, identificada e intrínseca. El grupo dos presentó valores más altos en motivación introyectada, externa y desmotivación. En el grupo uno se encuentra la mayoría de las usuarias de centros exclusivos, mientras que un 40% de las usuarias de centros mixtos están enmarcadas en el grupo dos. Los resultados muestran que existen dos grupos de usuarias de servicios deportivos y de fitness, uno con niveles altos de motivación autodeterminada conformado principalmente por usuarias de centros exclusivos y un segundo grupo con niveles bajos de motivación autodeterminada, pertenecientes en su mayoría a centros mixtos.Abstract. Sports industry knows that needs and interests of the female population are not the same as those of men. Therefore, sports and fitness centres exclusive to women have appeared in the market. The aims of this study were to segment women who do physical-sports activities in sports centres, using different kinds of motivation (intrinsic, integrated, identified, introjected, external and lack of motivation) as a grouping variable, and to verify the differences among users who attend mixed centres and those who go to exclusive female centres. The subjects of the study were 745 women with a mean age of 32.97 ± 14.11 years, belonging to 62 sports and fitness centres. 36.60% of the women were users of exclusive centres. Results established two groups. Identified motivation and lack of motivation were the most relevant factors to distribute women in the segments. Group one showed higher values in integrated, identified and intrinsic motivation. Group two presented higher values in introjected, external motivation, and lack of motivation. In group one, the majority of users attended exclusive centres, while 40% of the users of mixed centres were placed in group two. Results show that there are two groups of users of sports and fitness services, one with high levels of self-determined motivation (composed mainly of users of exclusive centres), and a second group with low levels of self-determined motivation, mostly belonging to mixed centres.
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Minutha, V., and P. Jayashree. "Spatial Distributional Patterns of Public Healthcare Centers in Bidar District: Using Nearest Neighbour Analysis." Geo-Eye 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.53989/bu.ge.v10i2.1.
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The spatial distribution of healthcare centres is uneven as the human population on the earth’s surface and the factors for such uneven distribution is almost similar. The uneven distribution of health centres are observed even at micro level not only between the regions but within the region also depending up on the demand for the health care centers and the supply of the patients. This paper aimed to map the spatial distributions of public healthcare centers in Bidar District. It would assist the stakeholders and responsible authorities in the planning for health service delivery. The Secondary data related to health care centres are collected from various offices like District Health Office and Taluk Health Office. The base map of study area has been geo-referenced and digitized using ARC GIS software. The Global positioning system (GPS) was adopted to take the coordinate of all the existing Public health centers in the study area. The nearest neighbour was used to identify the spatial patterns of distribution of Public healthcare service centers. Whether these health centers were distributed spatially, clustered, dispersed or randomly. The results of the average nearest neighbour analysis revealed that, the distribution of public health centers are randomly distributed. The Rn value of the health centres in the district is 1.2300. There is a significant difference in the spatial patterns of distribution of public health centres in Bidar district. Keywords: Spatial; Health centers; Nearest Neighbor Analysis; GIS; GPS Introduction
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Herguedas, Emilio Olmos, Daniel Baloup, Xavier Kawa‐topor, Pierre Lançon, and Isabelle Draelants. "Research centres‐centres de recherches." European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire 2, no. 1 (March 1995): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507489508568122.
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Cionita, Tezara, Nor Mariah Adam, Juliana Jalaludin, Mariani Mansor, and Januar Siregar. "Measurement of Indoor Air Quality Parameters in Daycare Centres in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.245.
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This paper focuses on the monitoring of indoor air quality parameters, namely: indoor temperature, humidity, velocity, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in day care centres. This study selected 15 day care centres located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These day care centres were categorized as follows: (1) day care centers near an industrial area, (2) day care centers near a main road, and (3) day care centers in a residential area. The obtained data showed that the values for the indoor air quality parameters in all day care centres were still well below the recommended value according to the Department of Safety and Health, Malaysia. The day care centers near an industrial area had the highest value of carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide as compared to the day care centers near a main road and the day care centers in a residential area. The average concentrations of carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the day care centers near an industrial area were 3.67 ppm and 801.56 ppm respectively. Meanwhile, the carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the day care centers near a main road area and the day care centers in a residential area were 3.13 ppm, 768.22 ppm, 2.92 ppm and 733.70 ppm, respectively.
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Kaur, S., R. Gupta, I. D. Khan, S. Jindal, S. Prajapati, A. Makkar, and K. S. Rajmohan. "INFRASTRUCTURE, RESOURCES, SERVICES EVALUATION AND GAP ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED MATERNAL AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES IN INDIA." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2018.2.9286.
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Background. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is an Indian community-centric government program organized under Anganwadi centres catering to supplementary nutrition, health and preschool education, primary healthcare, growth monitoring and counselling the children under six years old along with their mothers. It is the world’s largest outreach program in a developing country covering a population of 1.35 billion; the variations in service delivery were analysed involving cross-sectional rural and urban Anganwadi centers in New Delhi.
 Methods. Data were collected by assessment of children and mothers, interview of Anganwadi workers and observation of service delivery parameters and conduction of activities. Infrastructural, beneficiaries, services and content were evaluated by a suitable pre-tested questionnaire based on the National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development (NIPCCD) evaluation proforma. The data was analysed by a descriptive statistics.
 Results. Gaps were found in respect of infrastructure, resources, health and nutrition facilities especially at rural Anganwadi centre which was inadequate in terms of implementation of nutrition and health program, supplementary nutrition, preschool education and nutrition rehabilitation centre for existing beneficiaries. Both Anganwadi centres were not catering for new WHO growth standards and adolescent health.
 Conclusions. Gaps found in respect of infrastructure, resources, health and nutrition facilities can affect performance of ICDS program and the services delivered by Anganwadi centres, which need a boost. Both urban and rural centres have a direct opportunity towards delivering adolescent health program focusing on nutrition and education of girls prior to their pregnancy, and adoption of new WHO growth standards.
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S., G. Walke, and Kumar Atul. "Agritourism: Supplementary business for farmers in Maharashtra state." MERC Global's International Journal of Social Science & Management 2, no. 6 (November 1, 2015): 150–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6686188.
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This study was designed for Maharashtrian farmers interested in developing new or expanding existing Agritourism centre as a supplementary income source. This paper depicts the basic concept of “Agritourism”, provides analysis of existing studies, analyses three case studies of Agritourism centres and makes recommendations for farmers for further developing Agritourism as an income stream to complement other income-generating activities. This study describes and analyses farm projects that offer Agritourism. Some major issues emerge: 1) The centers with different facilities described are located in rural areas near to large urban areas are necessary; 2) Personal satisfaction of tourists through Agripreneurs and employees with their work is important; 3) Conserving the unique character and authenticity of the center is attractive to tourists; 4) Staff with effective people skills is significant; 5) Each Agritourism centre seeks participative ways to educate the public about their products and services and 6) Different marketing strategies to make aware and promote Agritourism centres to the urban people are important.
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McKelvie-Sebileau, Pippa, Erica D’Souza, David Tipene-Leach, Boyd Swinburn, and Sarah Gerritsen. "Healthy Food Environments in Early Learning Services: An Analysis of Manager Survey Responses, Menus and Policies in Regional New Zealand Early Childhood Education and Care Centres." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (April 13, 2022): 4709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084709.
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Healthy food environments in early childhood play an important role in establishing health-promoting nutritional behaviours for later life. We surveyed Early Learning Services (ELS) in the Hawke’s Bay region of New Zealand and describe common barriers and facilitators to providing a healthy food environment, through descriptive survey analysis and thematic analysis of open-ended questions. We used a policy analysis tool to assess the strength and comprehensiveness of the individual centre’s nutrition policies and we report on the healthiness of menus provided daily in the centres. Sixty-two centres participated and 96.7% had policies on nutrition compared to 86.7% with policies on drinks. Of the 14 full policies provided for analysis, identified strengths were providing timelines for review and encouraging role modelling by teachers. The main weaknesses were communication with parents and staff, lack of nutrition training for staff and absence of policies for special occasion and fundraising food. With regard to practices in the ELS, food for celebrations was more likely to be healthy when provided by the centre rather than brought from home. Food used in fundraising was more likely to be unhealthy than healthy, though <20% of centres reported using food in fundraising. Only 40% of menus analysed met the national guidelines by not including any ‘red’ (unhealthy) items. Centre Managers considered the biggest barriers to improving food environments to be a lack of parental support and concerns about food-related choking. These results highlight the need for future focus in three areas: policies for water and milk-only, celebration and fundraising food; increased nutrition-focused professional learning and development for teachers; and communication between the centre and parents, as a crucial pathway to improved nutrition for children attending NZ early childhood education and care centres.
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Pelzer, Puck T., Marit Holleman, Michelle E. H. Helinski, Ana Lucia Weinberg, Joeri Buis, Pauline Beattie, Thomas Nyirenda, Job van Rest, and Gerald Voss. "The TB vaccine clinical trial centre directory: An inventory of clinical trial centres in Sub-Saharan Africa." PLOS ONE 19, no. 10 (October 28, 2024): e0292981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292981.
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Background There are over ten vaccine candidates for tuberculosis (TB) in the clinical pipeline that require testing in TB-prevalent populations. To accelerate the clinical development of TB vaccines, a directory of clinical trial centres was established in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to assess capacity for conducting late-stage TB vaccine trials. Methods TB vaccine-related parameters were identified, and trial centres in SSA were identified and prioritized based on whether they had experience with TB or non-TB vaccine trials. A survey was sent to identified centres, and the resulting directory presents their capacity for TB vaccine trials. Centres that identified as eligible for TB vaccine trials also had the opportunity to participate to the survey. This article provides an overview of the TB vaccine clinical trial centre directory, including the number and distribution of centres, their general characteristics, and their experience with prior TB vaccine trials. It includes information on the capacity of the centres, such as laboratory biosafety level, patient support, and community engagement. It also includes a case study to demonstrate how the directory can be used to identify trial centres with specific capabilities needed for a particular TB vaccine trial. Results Of the 134 identified centres, 56 provided information. Of these centres, 51 (91%) had phase 3 clinical trial experience and previous TB trials were conducted at 38 centres. Regarding TB vaccine trials, 19 centres conducted prevention of disease trials, 14 conducted prevention of infection trials, and 27 had no experience with TB vaccine clinical trials. From the respondents, 29 centers in South Africa were identified that could potentially conduct TB vaccine trials, followed by Tanzania (5), Kenya (5), Nigeria (3), and Uganda and Ethiopia (2 each). Trial sites in other countries were underrepresented, based on this survey. Conclusion The establishment of a clinical trial centre directory can provide a basis for decision-making by various stakeholders. Despite some limitations in survey methodology, the findings suggest opportunities for expanding the evaluation of clinical trial capacity in other disease-prevalent countries and continents. Such data would be valuable in further enriching the Clinical Trial Community which a resource that geographically highlights clinical trial investments and capacities in African research ecosystem. Summary points New TB vaccine candidates need to be assessed in clinical trials in countries with high rates of TB in the coming years. An open-access directory of TB vaccine clinical trial centres in sub-Saharan Africa was established, providing an overview of the capacity to conduct clinical trials for TB vaccine candidates (http://www.edctp.org/our-work/coordination-tb-vaccine-funded-research/directory-tb-vaccine-clinical-trial-sites-sub-saharan-africa/). The directory is intended for clinical triallists, funders, policymakers, and researchers to accelerate the clinical development of novel TB vaccines by providing useful information. Regular updates are necessary to ensure the directory remains relevant for vaccine development and feeds into the continental Clinical Trials Community (https://ctc.africa/).
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Girgensohn, Katrin, Íde O'Sullivan, Ann-Marie Eriksson, and Gina Henry. "A Cross‐national View on the Organisational Perspective of Writing Centre Work: the Writing Centre Exchange Project (WCEP)." Journal of Academic Writing 10, no. 1 (December 18, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/joaw.v10i1.603.
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This paper gives insights into research conducted within the Writing Centre Exchange Project (WCEP), a research collaboration among three university writing centres in Sweden, Germany and Ireland, which focuses on organisational perspectives on writing centre work. WCEP rests on the theoretical framework of institutional work. Previous research, conducted in US writing centres, developed a model of institutional work in writing centres that includes specific Strategic Action Fields (SAFs) and collaborative learning as a means to interact with stakeholders. By using this model, WCEP has targeted ongoing institutional work intended to establish and sustain missions, goals and activities in and around writing centres. Drawing on participatory action research, WCEP explores the extent to which the institutional work at the three European writing centres correlates with the model. The main findings show that indeed the same strategic action fields are relevant, but furthermore, different subcategories emerge depending on the local context. This paper explores some of the subcategories that differ and draws conclusions for the institutional work of writing centre directors.
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Krczal, Eva, and Tina Mock. "People-Centred Quality Indicators for Primary Care Centres." International Journal of Integrated Care 16, no. 6 (December 16, 2016): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.2848.
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